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EXERCISE
1. Gold is 19 times as heavy as water and copper is 9 times 10. Sameer bought 10 kg of tea at ` 45 per kg and 8 kg at ` 50
heavy. In what ratio must these metals be mixed so that the per kg. He mixed both the brands and sold it at a total profit
mixture may be 15 times as heavy as water? of ` 32. What was the selling price per kg of the mixture?
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 2 (a) ` 48 (b) ` 50
(c) 1 : 3 (d) 2 : 1
(c) ` 49 (d) ` 47
2. Six litres of a 20% solution of alcohol in water are mixed with
4 litres of a 60% solution of alcohol in water. The % alcoholic 11. Five litres of water is added to a certain quantity of pure
strength of the mixture is milk costing ` 3 per litre. If by selling the mixture at the same
(a) 80 (b) 40 price as before, a profit of 20% is made, what is the amount
(c) 36 (d) 48 of pure milk in the mixture?
3. A merchant lent out `1,000 in two parts, one at 8% and the (a) 22 litres (b) 25 litres
other at 10% interest. The yearly average comes out to be (c) 27 litres (d) None of these
9.2%. Find the amount lent in two parts. 12. A jar full of whisky contains 40% alcohol. A part of this
(a) ` 400, ` 600 (b) ` 500, ` 500 whisky is replaced by another containing 19% alcohol and
(c) ` 300, ` 700 (d) cannot be determined now the percentage of alcohol was found to be 26%. The
4. How many kg of salt at 42 paise per kg must a man mix with quantity of whisky replaced is:
25 kg of salt at 24 paise per kg so that he may, on selling the
mixture at 40 paise per kg gain 25% on the outlay? 1 2
(a) (b)
(a) 15 kg (b) 18 kg 3 3
(c) 20 kg (d) 24 kg
5. Alcohol cost ` 3.50 per litre and kerosene oil cost ` 2.50 per 2 3
(c) (d)
litre. In what proportion these should be mixed so that the 5 5
resulting mixture may be ` 2.75 per litre?
13. How many kg of custard powder costing ` 40 kg must be
(a) 2 : 5 (b) 1 : 3
mixed with 16 kg of custard powder costing ` 55 kg so that
(c) 4 : 7 (d) 2 : 3 25% may be gained by selling the mixture at ` 60 kg?
6. Two liquids are mixed in the proportion of 3 : 2 and the
(a) 11 kg (b) 14 kg
mixture is sold at ` 11 per kg at a 10% profit. If the first liquid
costs ` 2 more per kg than the second, what does it cost per (c) 12 kg (d) 20 kg
litre? 14. From a cask full of milk, 10 litres are taken out of 50 litres and
(a) ` 11 (b) ` 10.50 is filled with water. This was done twice. What is the quantity
(c) ` 11.50 (d) ` 10.80 of milk now left in the cask?
7. A chemist has 10 litres of a solution that is 10 per cent nitric (a) 20 litres (b) 32 litres
acid by volume. He wants to dilute the solution to 4 per cent
(c) 25 litres (d) 30 litres
strength by adding water. How many litres of water must he
add ? 15. Two equal glasses filled with mixtures of alcohol and water
(a) 15 (b) 20 in the proportions of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 respectively were emptied
(c) 18 (d) 25 into third glass. What is the proportion of alcohol and water
8. A mixture of glycerine and water contains 35% glycerine by in the third glass?
weight. Twenty five grams of water is added to such 100 (a) 5 : 7 (b) 7 : 5
grams of mixture. What % of glycerine by weight is there in (c) 7 : 6 (d) 6 : 7
the new mixture? 16. A butler stole wine from a butt of sherry which contained
(a) 25 (b) 23 32% of spirit and then replaced what he stole, by wine
(c) 29 (d) 28 containing only 18% spirit. The butt was then of 24%
9. A and B are two alloys of gold and copper prepared by strength only. How much of the butt had he stolen?
mixing metals in the ratio 7 : 2 and 7 : 11 respectively. If equal
quantities of the alloys are melted to form a third alloy C, 3 5
(a) (b)
then the ratio of gold and copper in alloy C will be 8 7
(a) 5 : 7 (b) 5 : 9 4 7
(c) 7 : 5 (d) 9 : 5 (c) (d)
7 11
ANSWER KEY
1 (b) 6 (d) 11 (b) 16 (c)
2 (c) 7 (a) 12 (b) 17 (c)
3 (a) 8 (d) 13 (b) 18 (d)
4 (c) 9 (c) 14 (b) 19 (b)
5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (b) 20 (a)
100 2.5
6. (d) C.P. of mixture 11 ` 10 Ratio of pure milk and water in mixture = 5 :1
100 10 0.5
Let the cost of second liquid be ` x.
For five litres of water, quantity of pure milk
Then, cost of first liquid be ` (x + 2).
= 5 × 5 = 25 litres
(x 2) 3 2x
10 12. (b) By the rule of alligation, we have :
5
5x + 6 = 50 x = ` 8.8
cost of first liquid = ` (8.8 + 2) = ` 10.80 Strength of Strength of
first jar 2nd jar
7. (a) Out of 10 litre of solution, there is 1 litres of nitric acid 40% 19%
and 9 litres of water.
Let x litres of water be added to the solution so that the Mean
diluted solution is of 4% strength. strength
4% of (10 + x) = 1 x = 15. 26%
8. (d) % of glycerine in new mixture
7 14
Original % of glycerine
× 100
mixture weight + water added
So, ratio of 1st and 2nd quantities = 7 : 14 = 1 : 2.
35 2
100 28% Required quantity replaced = .
100 25 3
9. (c) Gold Copper
100 60
Type A 14 4 13. (b) C. P. of mixture ` 48
(100 25)
Type B 7 11
Type C 21 15 Let x kg be mixed. Then,
The ratio of the Gold and Copper in the type C
alloy = 7 : 5. 40 x 55 16
48
16 x
10. (c) C. P. of mixture of 18 kg = 10 × 45 + 8 × 50 = ` 850
S. P. = C. P. + Profit = 850 + 32 = ` 882 8x 16[55 48] x 14 kg
S. P. = ` 882 for 18 kg
10 1
882 14. (b) 10 litres are withdrawn of the whole
S. P. for 1 kg. ` = ` 49 50 5
18
11. (b) Here, S. P. of mixture = C. P. of pure milk = ` 3 per litre Quantity of milk after 2nd operation
100 20 2
C.P. of mixture 1 16
Now, S. P. of mixture 50 1 50 32 litres
100 5 25
3×100
C.P. of mixture = Rs 2.5 per litre 2 1
120 15. (b) Alcohol in 1st glass ; water in 1st glass
3 3
Also, C. P of water = ` 0
By the rule of alligation : 1 1
Alcohol in 2nd glass = ; water in 2nd glass =
C.P. of pure milk C.P. of water 2 2
`3 `0
In 3rd glass,
2 1 7 1 1 5
Alcohol ; water =
2.5 (mixture) 3 2 6 3 2 6
7 5
Required ratio : 7 :5
6 6
2.5 0.5
Wine containing
24 % spirit
30% (mixture)
6 8
30 20