THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

The passage into law on December 13, 1990 of Republic Act No. 6975 entitled “An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police under a reorganized
Department of the Interior and Local Government and Other Purposes” ended the existence of the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police
and gave way to the creation of the Philippine National Police, now known as the country's police force that is national in scope and civilian in character. It is
administered and controlled by the National Police Commission.

With the affectivity of Republic Act No. 8551, otherwise known as the ?Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998,? the PNP was
envisioned to be a community and service oriented Agency. As mandated by law, the PNP activated/created the Internal Affairs Service (IAS) on a national
scope on June 1, 1999. It is an organization within the structure of the PNP and one of its tasks is to help the Chief, PNP institute reforms to improve the image of
the police force through assessment, analysis and evaluation of the character and behavior of the PNP Personnel. It is headed by the Inspector General.

PNP VISION

The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a vision of a professional, dynamic and highly motivated Philippine National Police working in partnership with a
responsive community towards the attainment of a safe place to live, work, invest and do business with.

PNP MISSION

To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order, and to ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the
community.

PNP MOTTO

We serve and protect

PNP CORE VALUES

Service Honor Justice

POLICE OFFICER’S PLEDGE

I will love and serve GOD, my country and people;

I will uphold the Constitution and obey legal orders of the duly constituted authorities;
I will oblige myself to maintain a high standard of morality and professionalism;
I will respect the customs and traditions of the police service and
I will live a decent and virtuous life to serve as an example to others.

PNP CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS

Section 4, Article 2 of the 1987 Constitution provides that, “… it is the policy of the State to promote peace and order, ensure public safety and further strengthen
local government capability aimed towards the effective delivery of basic services for the citizenry through the establishment of a highly and competent police
force that is national in scope and civilian in character”.

Section 23, Chapter III, of Republic Act No. 6975, “An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police Under a Reorganized Department of the Interior and Local
Government”, or otherwise known as, “The PNP Law”.
Republic Act No. 8551, “An Act Providing for the Reform and Reorganization of the Philippine National Police and for other Purposes, amending Certain
Provisions of RA No. 6975”, or otherwise known as, “The PNP Reform Act of 1998”.

PNP FUNCTIONS

 Enforce all laws and ordinance relative to the protection of lives and properties;
 Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety;
 Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
 Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance with the Constitution and pertinent laws;
 Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
 Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with law;
 Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue licenses to operate security agencies, and to security guards and private
detectives for the practice of their professions; and
 Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided by law.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PNP:

1. Statutory Power of the Police, such as:

1. To enforce the laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
2. To maintain peace and order and take all the necessary steps to ensure public safety;
3. To investigate and prevent crime , effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
4. To detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the person so detained of all his rights under the constitution;
 5. To exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure and pertinent laws.
2. Licensing, Supervisory and Control, and Training, such as:
1. To issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with law; and
2. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue license to operate security agencies, and to security guards and
private detectives for the practice of their profession;
3. To train students taking up their baccalaureate, vocational or technical courses in undergoing Law Enforcement Service Program in compliance of the
National Service Law.
3. Deputized Statutory Power of the Police, that is, to perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as maybe provided by law:
1. To enforce election laws during the conduct of election;
2. To enforce laws involving agriculture, environment and natural resources;
3. To enforce laws involving land transportation;
4. Many other laws under the jurisdiction of various departments and/or offices of the government where the PNP will be deputized under the principle of intra-
coordination between and among offices/departments of the governments.

ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATIONS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT UNIT OF THE PNP:

Pursuant to Section 35, of RA No. 6975, the Chief of the PNP shall be supported by the following administrative and operational units with each unit headed by a
Director with the rank of Chief Superintendent.

(a) Administrative Support Units –

(1) Crime Laboratory. There shall be established a central Crime Laboratory to be headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, which shall provide
scientific and technical investigative aid and support to the PNP and other government investigate agencies. It shall also provide crime laboratory
examination, evaluation and identification of physical evidences involved in crimes with primary emphasis on their medical, chemical, biological and physical
nature.There shall likewise be established regional and city crime laboratories as may be necessary in all regions and cities of the country.
(2) Logistic Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Logistics unit shall be responsible for the procurement, distribution and
management of all the logistical requirements of the PNP including firearms and ammunition.
(3) Communications Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Communications Unit shall be responsible for establishing as effective
police communications network.
(4) Computer Center. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Computer Center shall be responsible for the design, implementation and
maintenance of a database system for the PNP.
(5) Finance Center. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Finance Center shall be responsible for providing finance services to the
PNP.
(6) Civil Security Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Civil Security Unit shall provide administrative services and general
supervision over the organization, business operation and activities of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security guard agencies and company
guard forces. The unit shall likewise supervise the licensing and registration of firearms and explosives. The approval of applications for licenses to operate
private security agencies, as well as the issuance of licenses to security guards and the licensing of firearms and explosives, shall be decentralized to the
PNP regional offices.

b) Operational Support Units –

(1) Maritime Police Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Maritime Police Unit shall perform all police functions over the Philippine
territorial waters and rivers.
(2) Police Intelligence Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Police Intelligence Unit shall serve as the intelligence and
counterintelligence operating unit of the PNP.
(3) Police Security Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Police Security Unit shall provide security for government officials, visiting
dignitaries and private individuals authorized to be given protection.
(4) Criminal Investigation Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Criminal Investigation Unit shall undertake the monitoring,
investigation and prosecution of all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes of such magnitude and extent as to indicate their commission by
highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and organizations. This unit shall likewise investigate all major cases involving violations of Revised Penal
Code and operate against organized crime groups, unless the President assigns the case exclusively to the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI).
(5) Special Action Forces. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Special Action Forces shall function as a mobile strike force or reaction
unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and city police forces for civil disturbance control, counterinsurgency, hostage-taking rescue operations, and
other special operations.
(6) Narcotics Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Narcotics Unit shall enforce all laws relative to the protection of the citizenry
against dangerous and other prohibited drugs and substances.
(7) Aviation Security Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Aviation Security Unit, in coordination with airport authorities, shall
secure al the country’s airports against offensive and terroristic acts that threaten civil aviation, exercise operational control and supervision over all agencies
involved in airport security operation, and enforce all laws and regulations relative to air travel protection and safety.
(8) Traffic Management Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Traffic Management Unit shall enforce traffic laws and regulations.
(9) Medical and Dental Centers. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Medical and Dental Centers shall be responsible for providing
medical and dental services for the PNP.
(10) Civil Relations Unit. Headed by a Director with the rank of chief superintendent, the Civil Relations Unit shall implement plans and programs that will promote
community and citizens’ participation in the maintenance of peace and order and public safety.

WHAT ARE THE DUTIES OF A POLICEMAN?

A policeman shall have the following duties and responsibilities:

1. He shall be ready at all times to perform his duties and obey the lawful orders of his superior officers or higher authority;
2. He shall be responsible for the efficient performance of his duties and adequate coverage of his beat or post;
3. He shall cooperate and coordinate with the other members of his relief, district or other division segments so that their teamwork may ensure continuity of
purpose and maximum achievement of the objectives of the department;
4. He shall be available for duty at all times in case of special needs or emergencies;
5. He shall respond readily and report punctually to all assignments;
6. He shall execute the service program within his area of responsibility providing for prevention of crime, protection of life and property, apprehension and
prosecution of offenders, preservation of peace and enforcement of regulatory measures;
7. He shall familiarize himself with administrative ad operational policies of the department;
8. He shall be in prescribed attire and have the required equipment when reporting for duty;
9. He shall be attentive to instruction and record information given during the briefing or roll-call training and shall likewise record his activities during his tour of
duty;
10. He shall supervise and inspect all public and licensed places within his area of responsibility.

PNP HISTORY

The eventual capture of the elusive leader of the first Philippine Republic, General Emilio Aguinaldo on March 23, 1901, an event which signaled the end of the
Filipino-American War, the restoration of peace and order in the Philippines remained a vexing problem to the colonizing Americans.

A number of Aguinaldo's followers opted to carry out the struggle for independence. Hostilities continued in some parts of the country, namely, Batangas,
Mindoro, Cebu, Bohol and Samar. Meanwhile, outlaws took advantage of the confusion and intensified their depredations. Moreover, the social unrest created by
five year of war which begun in 1896 had bred several uprisings of other acts of violence.

Realizing the fact that military solution to the problem is unwired; the military authorities opted to recommend to the Second Philippine Commission headed by
William Taft to take over. In accordance with the instructions of the Secretary of War Elihu Root, the Commission took over the government from the military on
July 1901 with Taft as Civil Governor.

With the advent of civilian rule in the Philippines, a question arose as to who should be responsible for maintaining law and order in the island. The existing local
police forces were too small to cope up with the growing problems. Vice Governor Luke R. Wright, the concurrent Secretary of the Department of Commerce and
police for the U.S. Army in the Philippines, who objected to toss the problem to the military, recommended to his fellow commissioners the immediate
establishment of an organization to be charged with the task of maintaining peace and order in the localities already placed under civil rule. The proposal was
welcomed by the Philippine Commission and in one of its first sessions, passed Organic Act No. 175, creating an insular police force. Titled "An Act Providing for
the organization and government of an insular Constabulary and for the inspection of the municipal police", the legislation surprisingly called for an integrated
approach and structure which was to be adopted by the Philippine government 75 years later.

PHILIPPINE COMMISSION IMPLEMENTS ORGANIC ACT 175

On August 8, 1901, with the sanction of the U. S. War Department, Henry T. Alien, a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, a regular captain but then a
lieutenant colonel of the cavalry, U.S. Volunteers in the Philippines officially designated and confirms by the Commission as Chief of Constabulary. With his
designation as Chief of Philippine Constabulary was formally inaugurated and on some day buckled down to work.

Alien issued General Order No 1 appointing some 68 hand-picked officers, mostly from the U.S. Volunteers in accordance with Act No 175 with rank of first,
second, third, fourth class inspectors, Constabulary ranks that were later to be replaced by military titles.

But while these hand-picked officers had the necessary military preparations, they did not have any training and experience and police work. Worse, they had
very little knowledge of the Filipino and his society. Hence, these officers were given crash course to properly acquaint them with the laws and traditions of the
country and the customs of the people. After their training, they were broken up into groups of four or five, composed of a captain and three or four lieutenants
and were sent to the different parts of the country to recruit, organize and train the Filipino entities ill police duty.

DECENTRALIZATION OF CONTROL

The problem of effectively controlling a vast area from one central headquarters decided to decentralize the same. So, on October 14, 1901, the PC Chief issued
General Order No 49 grouping the pacified provinces into three (3) Constabulary districts.

The first district included the provinces of Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Tarlac and City of Manila where the district headquarters was
located. And Chief Baker was assigned as district inspector. The second district was composed of the provinces of Albay, Ambos, Camarines (now Cam Nte and
Cam Sur) Cavite, Masbate, Sorsogon and Tayabas (now Quezon), which then included the island of Marinduque and placed under Maj Taylor, the district
headquarters of which was set in Lucena, Tayabas. The third district comprised by the provinces of Antique, Bohol, Capiz, Iloilo, Leyte, Misamis (Mis Occ and
Mis Or), Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, Samar and Surigao. This district was under Capt. Goldsborough with headquarters in Iloilo.

One day after, Chief Alien published Gen. Order No 49, Gov. Taft sent a report to War Secretary Root and spoke on the PC set up, saying "The general scheme
is to create an insular police force of not more than one hundred and fifty men for each province selected from the native thereof, who may be mounted in whole
or in part and who are placed under the immediate command of one or more, not exceeding four provincial inspectors. File whole body is placed under the
control of a Chief and four assistant Chiefs of Constabulary. This scheme was not followed because while full powers are given to properly arm, equip, maintain
and discipline force", the enlistees were ill-armed, ill-equipped and ill-maintained.

POLICE INTEGRATION

The places affected by police integration were in the outskirts of Manila, like Caloocan and Pasay which became the favorite refuge of rebels, and criminals from
Manila, due to the limited area of operation of the integration police system it could operate only in pacified areas.
Later in 1904, the PC Chief was redesignated as Director of Constabulary and the routine police duty, in these areas were entrusted to the PC. With the total
lifting of martial rule in Luzon and the Visayas and the assignment to the PC of routine police work in Mindanao and Sulu, the need for the creation of additional
Constabulary districts arose. Hence on June 13,1904, the PC Chief created through General Order No 73, two new districts. The fourth districts which comprised
of the provinces of Abra, Cagayan, Isabela, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Mountain Province and Nueva Vizcaya with headquarters in San Fernando, La
Union (later transferred to Baguio City), while the fifth district with headquarters in Zamboanga, embraced all the provinces of Mindanao and Sulu.

FILIPINIANIZATION OF THE CONSTABULARY

This gradual Filipinianization of the Constabulary officer corps proved to be a sound move for World War 1 was soon to break out and to drag the United State
into it and many of the top Constabulary's American officers joined the U.S. Expeditionary Forces to France. This development gave the opportunity for the
Filipinos to run the Constabulary themselves. The first to be given the chance was Brig General Rafael Crame, appointed PC Chief in December 1917. Thus, for
the first time in 16 years of existence, the Constabulary was placed under Filipino leadership.

With the assumption of Gen Crame, the Constabulary districts were renamed and their respective districts redefined. The Fourth District came to be known as
District of Northern Luzon based in San Fernando, La Union; the First District was renamed District of Central Luzon; the Second District was renamed District of
Southern Luzon; the Third District was renamed District of Visayas and the Fifth District was renamed district of Mindanao based in Zamboanga.

THE CONSTABLE UNDER THE COMMONWEALTH ACT

The National Defense Act or Commonwealth Act No. 1 on December 1935, was enacted creating the Philippine Army and this ended the 35 years of service and
experience of the Philippine Constabulary as an insular police force. The Philippine Constabulary personnel and duties were transferred to the control of the
Chief of Staff of the Philippine Army pursuant to Executive Order No 11 dated January 11, 1936.

President Manuel L Quezon saw that there was an urgent need of an army to cope tip with the worsening international conflicts. In his desire to complete this
defense program before the country's independence after its 10-year transition period as commonwealth government, President Quezon asked General Mac
Arthur to under-take the country's defense build tip. Their combined efforts, however, became almost useless for as General Mac Arthur put it, "war came in five
years and American aid came too late and too little".

During the organization of the Philippine Army, veteran Constabulary officers were appointed to key positions in the Army. Brig Gen Jose delos Reyes headed
the Army as Acting Chief of Staff. Brig Gen Basilio Valdes immediate past PC Chief and Col Guillermo Francisco were appointed assistant Chief of Staff.

The insular police duties of the defunct Philippine Constabulary were entrusted to the State Police created by Commonwealth Act No.88 approved on October
26, 1936. All municipal city police forces and provincial guard organization were consolidated and placed under the control and supervision of the Department of
Interior and were called the State Police. This State Police was assigned the duty to properly preserve law and order and vigilantly prevent the commission and
perpetration of public offenses.

THE CONSTABULARY RECONSTITUTED

Unable to cope up with the worsened peace and order situation faced by the new government, the State Police was abolished in 1938 at the instance of
President Quezon himself. This approval of Commonwealth Act No 343 on June 25, 1938 reconstituted the Philippine Constabulary. This act, further
implemented by President Quezon's Executive Order No. 153, specifically withdraw the Philippine Constabulary from the Army as an independent unit and
detailed as a National Police Force.

Placed under the Department of Interior, the reactivated Constabulary was empowered to prevent and suppress brigandage, unlawful assemblies, riots,
insurrections and other breaches of peace and violations of the law, to make arrests and seizures according to law and to execute any lawful warrant or order of
arrest issued against any person for violation of law.

Brig Gen Guillermo Francisco was appointed Chief of Constabulary which he held until 1942. During the year after its revitalization, the PC set up and strength
were vastly improved. A striking force, the General Service Battalion was organized at Camp Crame in Quezon City. As a Combat Unit, the General Service
troops were better trained and equipped than any of the Provincial Constabulary commands and detachments.

Due to the worsening international unrest, the Constabulary's strength was increased from 7,500-15,000 men. The First and Second PC Regiments were
activated. Meanwhile, a third regiment was organized and trained at Camp Keithley in Lanao in September, 1941. These three (3) PC regiments were separately
trained. After intensive training, Brig Gen George Barker Jr inducted the First Regiment into the United States Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) in October 15,
1941; the Second Regiment, in December 12, 1941.

THE CONSTABLE DURING WORLD WAR II

The Filipino nation wake up in the morning of December 8, 1941 to the grim news of the Japanese surprise attack in Pearl Harbor. General Mac Arthur himself
stunned by the news, knew that the Archipelago was in the grave danger, under immediate aid from the United States would arrive on time.

In simultaneous bombings, missions Japanese Naval Plane from Formosa attack Clark Field in Pampanga, Iba Field in Zamboanga, John Flay Air Base in
Baguio City and Tuguegarao in December 8, 1941. Aircraft on the ground and installations in this airfield were severely destroyed, reducing the U.S. Air Force's
strength to barely half.

On same day, the 2nd Battalion of the First PC Regiment was ordered to Bataan immediately, while the Second PC Regiment and the remaining units of the First
Regiment were ordered to remain in the Greater Manila Area to round up all aliens believed to be sympathetic to the enemy. In addition, these units were ordered
to secure centers of communication, all public utilities, as well as the metropolitan area against subversive elements.
By January 1942, most of the Constabulary Forces that composed the 2nd Regular Division (USAFFE) were in Bataan Peninsula with other Fil-American Forces.
An order of the day said, "On Bataan and Corregidor, in Aparri, Lingayen and Atimonan, everywhere in the islands where invaders dared to set foot,
Constabulary troops distinguished themselves in action against overwhelming odds".

The Constabulary's participation in the country's defense during World War 11 cannot be measured or told in exact detail. These deeds of valor during these
days and hours of war which forever lost to history. Suffice to say that the Filipino soldiers stood his ground valiantly for love of liberty, our country and people.

The blazing chapters of heroism during the war year were not exclusively parts of the Constabulary's epic story alone, although incidents involving the
Constabulary Division have been singled out in most cases.
THE CONSTABLE UNDERGROUND

Guerrilla units sprang tip in all parts of the country by the middle of 1942. Reports of the existence of guerrilla in the Philippines reached Gen Mac Arthur in
Australia, first through a radio message relayed by Col Nakar, a guerrilla leader in Central Luzon in June, and later on confirmed by first-hand reports of Capt
William Osborne, Damon Guase and Frank Young.
Gen Mac Arthur immediately reorganized these units and assigned officers of his headquarters to work closely with these units. USAFFE headquarters in
Australia took steps to communicate with resistance units and centers in the Philippines.

Before the end of 1942, most guerrilla units and centers in the Philippines had already established radio contacts with USAFFE headquarters in Australia. These
movements reported their own activities and operations, the enemy's movements and condition of their respective areas.

Of all the guerrilla centers, the Mindanao guerrilla movements were the best organized to conduct operations. Like the Visayan resistance movements, the
Mindanao guerrillas were able to make early contacts with Australia. Due to the island's proximity to Australia, the first assistance of supplies and equipment from
USAFFE headquarters arrived in Mindanao.

THE POST WAR CONSTABLE

On October 28, 1944, President Sergio Osmeña issued all Executive Order creating all insular police called Military Police Command, USAFFE pursuant to
USAFFE Gen Orders No 50 & 51 redesignated it as Military Police Command, AFWESPAC. This idea was conceived to restore the bad image of the
Constabulary during the Japanese occupation when these constables were made to run after the guerrillas.

However, after the years of existence, the Constabulary was revived on July 1, 1947. About 12, 000 officers and men were withdrawn from the Military Police
Command and transferred to the Department of Interior and constituted the National Police Force designated is the Philippine Constabulary. All functions of the
Military Police Command except those military in character "were thereafter exercised and assumed by the PC in connection with which Sections 832-840 & 848
of the Revised Administrative Code were declared in full force and effect, pursuant to Executive Order Nr 94 dated October 4, 1947.

PROCLAMATION 1081

The early seventies saw the rapid escalation of subversive activities of the insurgents throughout the country. The New People's Army, the military arm of the
revitalized Communist Party of the Philippines was openly defying government troop in the countryside. Countless subversive organizations had cropped up in
almost sectors of the populace. In Mindanao, a secessionist was beginning to gain ground among the Muslims.

This situation precipitated various reforms and innovations with Philippine Constabulary and program of activities. The special units and task force were called
upon to double their efforts and work move closely with government agencies and civic groups in an attempt to stem the rising tide of chaos and anarchy
throughout the country. Unfortunately, the Constabulary could not move freely, its hands, as well as those of the military establishments were tied.

The Constabulary was in this virtual state of helplessness when the country begun to be rocked rallies and demonstrations. Although President Marcos later
dismissed these happenings as the inevitable outcome of the modernizing process, modernization being a disquieting, at times convulsive undertaking because it
is fact revolutionary, it was in truth, like all the violent rallies and demonstrations that followed were pan of the communist plan to sow chaos and anarchy and
thereby pave the way for CPP takeover.

So, on September 21, 1972, the then President Ferdinand E Marcos proclaimed Martial Law throughout the country by virtue of Proclamation 1081. This law
diagnosed the actual peace and order situation undertaken by these lawless elements of the communist and other armed groups organized to out throw the
Republic of the Philippines by armed violence and force which assured the magnitude of an actual state of war against our people and the Republic of the
Philippines.
In a month's time, peace and order was restored. Bombing suddenly stopped. Rallies and demonstrations, and their attendant brutal violence ceased to be the
order of the day, NPA's and secessionists were forced to retreat to the jungles and lie low. The private armies and the terror they used to spread disappeared.
The citizen was once again safe to walk the street and perform his daily chore. Justice and sanity once more reigned.

The Commandant was also the Chief of the Integrated National Police (the municipal police force for the larger towns and cities). The PC was organized on
similar lines to the army, and consisted of a General Staff located at its General Headquarters at Camp Crame, Manila, and 12 Regional Commands consisting of
104 Provincial Commands; these controlled the 450 Constabulary companies which performed all the day-to-day police work.

The Regions were based on the country's political regions and directly controlled the various Highway Patrol, Rangers and investigative groups.

PC headquarters directly controlled many other services needed at a national level such as the Special Action Group, Central Crime Laboratory, White Collar
Crime Group, and Office of Special Investigations (which was a counter intelligence group).

The Philippine Constabulary Rangers, or PC Rangers, were independent light infantry companies which served as a counter-insurgency force similar to United
States Army Rangers and were organized into 12 large regional companies.
The Constabulary also maintained the following units:
 Constabulary Boat Service to patrol the extensive waters of the Philippines,
 Crime and Forensic labs, and
 National Constabulary Investigations Service which acted in a similar way to the FBI (the National Bureau of Investigation was formed later).
THE INTEGRATED NATIONAL POLICE

Police integration is not at all a new concept, here or elsewhere. In the Philippines, the idea is old as the Constabulary itself although it was not well defined when
it first dawned.
Nevertheless, the germ was there when in mandating the setting up of an insular police force, the Second Philippine Commission, though Organic Act No. 175
enacted on July 18, 1901 called for the organization and establishment of an Insular Constabulary and for the inspection of the municipal police.

So after almost three years of martial rule, the integration of all police forces throughout the country with the PC followed. The ideas and the theories that have
been developed and implemented during 75 years of the PC finally came into practical consolidation when former President Marcos issued Organic Act 175 on
August 8, 1975.

CREATION OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

Law enforcement is vital in the stability and progress of all nations. Thus, the conception of a unified national police was borne out of this premise.
Giving rise to the unification of the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police whose functions is symmetrical to ensure the safety and security of
the people. Republic Act 6975 was signed into law on December 13, 1990 by then President Corazon C Aquino which called for the creation of the Philippine
National Police (PNP) and the reorganization of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) in keeping with the mandate of our constitution for a
police force that is national in scope and civilian in character.
In response to the call for public safety and reforms within the organization, Honorables Teodulo C Natividad, Blas F Ople, Regalado E Maambong and Rustico
delos Reyes authored the provisions in the 1987 constitution calling for the creation of a police organization that is national scope and civilian character thus
paving way to the establishment of the Philippine National Police (PNP).

The principal authors of the Republic Act 6975 were Senators Ernesto N Maceda and Aquilino Pimentel, Congressmen Jose S Cojuangco Jr and Rodrigo
Gutang. They moved for the PNP's creation to professionalize the police force and make it susceptible to the plight of the general public.

Upon the effectivity of the law, after its signing into law on 13 December 1990, the PNP underwent a transitory period and on 31 March 1991, President Corazon
C Aquino named General Cesar P Nazareno as the First Director General of the Philippine National Police.

On 29 January 1991, at Camp Crame, Quezon City, the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were retired and the PNP was activated in its
place. The occasion drew mixed reactions among its peers, one of regret and another of hope that this newly established police organization will finally be the
answer we have been looking for. President Corazon C Aquino appealed to the Filipino people to keep an open mind and cooperate to make this work for a
better nation. As she addressed the new PNP leadership, she ordered them to view the event as an opportunity for better service and a chance for professional
growth.

The activation of the Philippine National Police (PNP) did not effect the organizational set-up and staffing pattern of the force. At the HPNP, the Director General
has ten (10) Directorial Staff namely: 1. Directorate for Personnel 2. Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine Development 3. Directorate for Logistics,
4.Directorate for Research and Development 5. Directorate for Comptrollership, 6. Directorate for Plans, 7. Directorate for Police-Community Relations, 9.
Directorate for Investigation and 10. Special Staff under him. In addition, there exist administrative support units, namely: Logistics Support Service (LSS),
Computer Service, Finance Service, Dental and Medical Service, Communication and Electronic Service, Chaplain Service, Legal Service and Headquarters
Support Service; and the Operational Support Units, namely: Maritime Group, Crime Laboratory, Intelligence Group, Police Security Group, Criminal Investigation
Group, Narcotics Group, Special Action Force, Traffic Management Group, Police-Community Relations Group, Aviation Security Group and Civil Security
Group. At the different regions, the 15 Regional Office were maintained and retained their original structural forces. The fifteen(15) REGIONAL OFFICES and
their locations are as follows: REGIONAL OFFICE I - Camp Gen Oscar Florendo, Parian San Fernando, La Union; REGIONAL OFFICE 2 - Camp Adduru,
Tuguegarao, Cagayan; REGIONAL OFFICE 3 - Camp Olivas, San Fernando, Pampanga; REGIONAL OFFICE 4 - Camp Vicente Lim Canlubang, Laguna;
REGIONAL OFFICE 5 - Camp Simeon A Ola, Legazpi City; REGIONAL OFFICE 6 - Camp Martin Delgado, Iloilo City; REGIONAL OFFICE 7 - Camp Sergio
Osmena Sr., Cebu City; REGIONAL OFFICE 8 - Camp Ruperto K Kangleon, Palo, Leyte; REGIONAL OFFICE 9 - Camp Justice R.. T. Lim Blvd, Zamboanga
City; REGIONAL OFFICE 10 - Camp Alagar, Cagayan de Oro City; REGIONAL OFFICE 11 - Camp Catitipan, Maguindanao, REGIONAL OFFICE 12 - Camp
Parang, Maguindanao; ARMM - Camp Salipada Pendatun, Parang, Maguindanao; PROCAR OFFICE - Camp Bado Dangwa, La Trinidad, Benguet; and the
NCR- Camp General Tomas Karingal, Sikatuna Village, Quezon City.

The National Capital Region which covers Metro Manila is divided into five (5) Districts each headed by a District Director: The five (5) Districts are as follows
Western Police District (WPD)- Manila; Eastern Police District (EPD); Northern Police District (NPD); Central Police District (CPD); Quezon City; and Southern
Police District (SPD).

On August 1992, due to the adverse publicities about erring policemen in the service, the newly elected President Fidel V Ramos sought measures to restore the
people's faith by revamping the Philippine National Police (PNP). To prove his sincerity in cleansing the police force, General Nazareno was relieved and
transferred to the President's office. To replace him in acting capacity was Deputy Director General Raul S Imperial. This was on 28 August 1992.
Deputy Director General Raul S lmperial together with Secretary Rafael M Alunan III of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) was given
the difficult task to dialogue with the private sector and its personnel in line with improving the image of the men in uniform.

To complement these dialogues, the present leadership of the Philippine National Police (PNP) suggested the reorientation of its men on value formation. Seminars
were conducted to this effect. To make the reorientation more effective, the PNP vision was created which goes, "We are committed to the vision of professional,
dynamic and highly motivated PNP, supported by a responsive community, regarded as one of the most credible national institutions and ranked among the best in
Asia". With this vision, Deputy Director General Raul S Imperial challenged all PNP personnel to bring this vision into a reality.
On 28 October 1992, after the retirement of General Cesar P Nazareno, General Raul S Imperial became the second PNP Chief. This thought was short lived because
he retired on 06 May 1993.

After a thorough revamp in the PNP, President Fidel V Ramos appointed General Umberto Rodriguez as the third PNP Chief on 06 May 1993. He was given the
arduous task of upgrading the tainted image of the PNP and uplifting the morale and welfare of every police officer in the service. Gifted with talent, Director General
Umberto Rodriguez masterly guided the organization to what is has become today; all organization fully committed with sense of dignity, loyalty and total dedication ill
serving the citizenry of the Republic. He retired on 08 July 1994.

On 08 July 1994, a very young officer was chosen by President Fidel V Ramos to lead the PNP. A member of class '66 of the Philippine Military Academy (PMA),
Director General Recaredo Arevalo Sarmiento II vowed to continue what his past predecessors have initiated and urged the members of the Philippine National
Police to help the government to fulfill its goal towards the Philippine 2000.

Under Director General Sarmiento's stewardship, the organization, as it is done centered its attention in helping the country to move forward economically by
maintaining peace and order, assisting the government in times of calamities and combating violence and lawlessness. He imbibed to the minds of the entire
PNP personnel of their commitment to the entire populace through the POLICE 2000. It may not be a perfect organization but it is forever cleansing its ranks-to
rid of the very few misfits who have tarnished its image. The PNP is currently intensifying its operations on "OPLAN PAGLALANSAG" in answer to the
President's call to dismantle all existing private armed groups throughout the archipelago and "OPLAN PAGBABAGO" as the organization's way of religiously
cleansing its force of misguided elements. Indeed, our police force have a great task ahead of them but with the people behind it, how can it fail.

PNP ORGANIZATION

The PNP Organizational Structure is composed of the Central Office or the National Headquarters, which housed the office of the PNP Chief, two Deputy Chiefs, one
for Administration and one for Operations. The Chief Directorial Staff and ten Directorial Staffs with the support of nine Administrative and ten Operational Units and
seventeen Police Regional Offices (PROs) nationwide corresponding to the regional subdivisions of the country to include the NCRPO, PROs 1, 2, 3, 4A
(CALABARZON), 4B (MIMAROPA), 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (CARAGA), CAR and ARMM. It was on September 1, 2002 that PRO 4 was subdivided into PRO 4A
(CALABARZON), which has jurisdiction over the provinces of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon, and PRO 4B (MIMAROPA), which has jurisdiction over
the provinces of Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon and Palawan.

At the provincial level, a Provincial Police Office is headed by a Provincial Director. In the case of large provinces, police districts may be established by the
Commission to be headed by a District Director. At the city or municipal level or PNP station, each is headed by a Chief of Police.

The Police National Training Institute (PNTI) under the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC), is the premier educational institution for the training, human
resource development and continuing education of all personnel of the PNP. The Philippine National Police Academy is also under PPSC. PNTI main office is
stationed at PRO 4 in Canlubang, Laguna with eighteen Regional Training Centers nationwide.