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Chapter
Chapter
2 Forces and Motion
38
(c)
F/N
36 30.0
6.4
34 24.0
21.0
32 18.0
0.33
30 12.0
28 6.0
1
0 —/ 1 x / cm
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 m 0
2.0 4.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 10.0
1 (d) F is directly proportional to x.
Therefore, m = ––––– = 3.40 kg.
0.295 (e) 21.0 N
(e) Insulate the solid to reduce heat loss to the surrounding.
1. (a) The atmospheric pressure outside the cup is much higher Objective Questions
than the air pressure in the cup. This results in a net force
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C
acting on the cup against the glass and causes it to hold
6. B 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. C
on to the glass.
(b) To prevent air from the surrounding from entering the cup. Subjective Questions
(c) Allow air to flow back into the suction cup. When the
1. (a) Mercury does not stick to the glass.
pressure of the air inside the cup is the same as the
(b) (i) P. Less expansion for the same amount of temperature
outside atmospheric pressure, there will be no net force
increase.
acting on the cup against the glass.
(ii) P. Less mercury and hence it heats up faster.
(d) Increase the diameter of the cup. This will increase the
surface area of the glass inside the cup and results in a 2. (a) Solid
bigger net force. (b) The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1
F 300 kg of the substance by 1 oC.
2. (a) (i) Pressure = –– = –––– = 20 N cm–2 (c) Increase in temperature, θ = –198 – (– 200) = 2 oC
A 15
(ii) 20 N cm –2
Quantity of heat = mcθ = 50 x 10–3 × 1400 × 2 = 140 J
(iii) Force = P × A = 20 × 45 = 900 N
3. (a) (i) Remains the same.
(b) Pascal’s principle
(ii) The average speed depends on its temperature, but
3. (a) (i) Liquid P has a higher density. the temperature did not change.
(ii) The buoyant force acting on the test tube by both the (b) P1V1 = P2V2
liquids are the same. This force is the same as the
(P1V1) (100 × 20)
weight of the liquid displaced by the test tube. Smaller P2 = ––––– = ––––––––– = 166.7 kPa
volume of liquid P displaced by the test tube indicates V2 12
higher density. (c) Boyle’s law
(b) Archimedes’ principle
2.5 Written Practical
(c) ( ––– ) × 1000 = 625 kg m–3
4.0 1. (a) (i) 20°C
Written Practical (ii) 74 oC
P / N m–2 80
5000
60
4000 20
40
5
3000
2600 3000 20
2000
1600 t / minute
0
5 10 15 20 25 30
1000
(iii) 60 oC
0.3
(b) (i) Gradient
20
0 h/m = –––
0.1 0.16 0.2 0.26 0.3 0.4 0.5 5
= 4 oC per minute
(ii) From graph, P = 2600 N m–2
(ii) Total increase in temperature = 20 oC
(iii) From graph, h = 0.16 m
Total amount of heat = 300 × 5 × 60 = 90,000 J
3000
(b) (i) Gradient = –––– 90,000
0.3 Amount of heat per oC of increase = –––––
20
= 10,000 N m-3 = 4500 J oC–1
Image v / cm
C O F 35
30
25
15.5
20
(ii)
Convex mirror 15
1.5
10
0 m
O Image F C 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Coin
(b)
Image
of coin
Coin