1.

Sn+4+2e- Sn+2
2. Sn+2+2e- Sn
3. Sn(s)+H2SO4+6H S(s)+Sn+2+4H2O+2e-
4. 2Sn(s)+ H2SO4+2H 2SnO+Sn+2H2O+2e-
5. Sn(s)+ H2SO4+6H SnS +4H2O+2e-
6. Sn(s)+ 2H2SO4+4H SnSO4+4H2O+2e-

Aplicando la ecuación de Nernst para el desprendimiento de hidrógeno,

2𝐻 + + 2𝑒 − ↔ 𝐻2

2.303𝑅𝑇 [𝐻 + ]2
𝐸 = 𝐸0 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔
𝑛𝐹 [𝐻2 ]

2.303 𝑅𝑇 𝑆𝑛+4
E=E°+ 𝑛𝐹
log(𝑆𝑛+2 )

0.0591
E=0.15+ 2
(log[𝑆𝑛+4 ] − log[𝑆𝑛+2 ]) ……..ecn 1

Luego

∆G=-RT*2.303[log(𝑆𝑛+4 )- log(𝑆𝑛+2 ) …………ecn 2

∆G[𝑆𝑛+4 ]=0.65Kcal/mol

∆G[𝑆𝑛+2 ]=-6.573kcal/mol

∆G=∆Gproductos-∆Greactivos

∆G=-6.57-.065

∆G=-7.22kcal/mol

En la ecn 2

-7.22*1000=-(1.987)(248)(2.303) (log[𝑆𝑛+4 ] − log[𝑆𝑛+2 ])

(log[𝑆𝑛+4 ] − log[𝑆𝑛+2 ]) =5.29

En la ecn 1
0.0591
E=0.15+ (5.29)
2

E=0.306
II)

1. Sn+2+2e- Sn E=-0.14
0.0591
E=E°+ (−log(𝑆𝑛+2 ))
2

E=-0.14+0.029(−log(𝑆𝑛+2 )…..ecn 1

E=-0.14+0.024(-4.81)

E=-0.28V

𝑎(𝑆𝑛)
K=𝑎(𝑆𝑛+2 )

logK=-log(𝑆𝑛+2)

∆G[𝑆𝑛+2 ]=-6.573kcal/mol

∆G[𝑆𝑛 ]=0

Entonces

∆G=∆Gproductos-∆Greactivos

∆G=0-(-6.57)Kcal/mol

∆G=+6.57Kcal/mol

De donde:

∆G=-RT(2.303)-log(𝑆𝑛+2 )

6.57(1000)=(1.987)(298)(2.303)( log(𝑆𝑛+2 ))

log(𝑆𝑛+2 )=4.81

III)

1. Sn(s)+H2SO4+6H S(s)+Sn+2+4H2O+2e-

a(s) = 1

a(Sn) = 1

a(H2SO4) = 1

a(H2O) = 1mol/L

a(𝑆𝑛+2 ) = 10-6mol/L
 (𝑎𝐻2𝑂 )4(𝑎(𝑠) )(𝑆𝑛+2 )
K=
(𝑎𝑆𝑛)(𝐴(𝐻2𝑆𝑂4))(𝑎 𝐻)6

𝑎((𝑆𝑛+2 )
K= ………ecn1
𝑎(𝐻)6

∆G°=∆Gproductos-∆Greactivos

∆G°=-∆G(Sn)- ∆G(H2SO4)- ∆G(H+)+∆G(s)+ ∆G(Sn+2)+ ∆G(H2O)

∆G°=0-(-164.84)-(0)+0+(-6.57)-(56.67)(4)

∆G°=1-69.36Kcal/mol

Entonces:
∆𝐺
E°=
𝑛𝐹

E°=-1.48V

entonces
0.0591
E=E°+ 2
(log106-6logH)

E=-1.48+0.029 (-6-6logH)

E=-1.48-0.18-0.18logH

E=-1.66-0.18pH

IV)

2Sn(s)+ H2SO4+2H 2SnO+Sn+2H2O+2e

a(s) = 1

a(Sn) = 1

a(H2SO4) = 1.2x10-2

a(H2O) = 1mol/L

a(𝑆𝑛+2 ) = 10-6mol/L

a(SnO)=1

a(H)
 a(𝑆𝑛𝑂)2 (a(S)(a(H20))
K= (a(𝑆𝑛)2 )(a𝐻 + )2

1
K=(aH SO )(a𝐻+)2
2 4

LogK=-log(H2SO4)-2log(H+)…….ecn1

∆G°=∆Gproductos-∆Greactivos

∆G°=0+0-56.67-(-164.89)+0

∆G°=108.22Kcal/mol

Entonces
0.0591
E=E°+ 2
(log(-1.2x10-2-2logH))

E=-2.28+0.58PH

V)

1. Sn(s)+ H2SO4+6H SnS +4H2O+2e-

a(SnS) = 1

a(Sn) = 1

a(H2SO4) = 1.2x10-2

a(H) = ?

a(H2O)=1mol/L

(𝑆𝑛𝑆)2 (H20)4
K=
(Sn)(H2SO4)(𝐻)6

Log K=-log(H2SO4)-6log(H+)………ecn1

∆G°=∆Gproductos-∆Greactivos

∆Gº=-25.76-4(56.67)-(0+(-164.89))

∆Gº=-87.55

Entonces
∆Gº 87.55𝑥4184𝑗
E=E°+ 𝑛𝐹 = 6𝑥96500𝑐

E=0.63
Por tanto
0.0591
E=E°- 6
(log(H2SO4)+6log(H))

E=0.63-9.85X10-3 (log(1.2X10-2)+6log(H))

E=0.63+0.018-0.059 pH

E=0.648-0.058 pH