CHAPTER 1
Produces man-made things
I. MAN’S SOCIAL AND CULTURAL
BACKGROUND
 “Change is the only permanent thing in
this world.”—Heraclitus
 Nation-state- A sovereign state whose
citizens or subjects have a common
culture. Has the same language, common
descent, and share a common history.
a. Albania
 Personal Identity- The concept you
develop about yourself that evolves over
the course of your life.
 Personal identity is both cultural and
political which is guided by personal
encounters or experiences.
 David Bohm said that each individual
contains the whole information field of
society.
 Shwartz said that culture of any society
represents an adaptation or adjustments
to the various conditions of life including
their physical, social and supernatural
environment
 Edward Taylor refers culture as to the
complex whole which includes
knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws,
customs, and any other capabilities and
habits acquired by man as a member of
society.
II. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING
CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS
 Significance of Culture-Mark Banaag
1. Makes it possible for man to
adapt and integrate himself to
his environment by being
creative and resourceful in
coming up ways and means for
survival.
2. Establishes patterns of
acceptable social behavior such
us etiquette, protocols, good
manners and right conduct, roles
and duties, etc. as established by
folkways, mores, and laws.
3. Conveys and facilitates
meanings through non/verbal
communications, non/written
language, forms of expression
and symbolisms.
4.
such as clothing, tools,
instruments, machines,
equipment, structures, etc. made
possible by technological know-
how.
5. Contributes to overall human
satisfaction as we develop ways
to make life more enjoyable,
more comfortable, easier, and
more rewarding such as
recreational activities, leisure,
entertainment and arts, etc.
 Society is an important product of human
interaction and interconnectedness. It
symbolizes the group within which
human beings can live a total common
life. It is organized through rules of
conduct, customs, traditions, folkways
and mores and proper behavior of each
member.
A. Significance of Studying Society
1. Representation of our
identity
2. Characterize the totality
of a territory
3. Avenue for economic
interdependence
4. Symbol of political
independence
 Politics
A. According to Ricardo Lazo,
politics can be defined in
different ways.
1. Consensus and compromise
2. Society
3. Power and distribution of
resources
4. Art of government
5. Public affairs
6. Academics
B. Characteristics of Politics
1. All questions involve in
making of a common
decision for a group of
people, that is, a uniform
decision applying in the
same way to all members of
a group.
2. All involve the use of force
by one person or a group of
people to affect the behavior
 of another person or group of
people.
C. Four important points by
Haques
1. Politics is a collective
activity, involving people
who accept a common
membership or at least
acknowledge a shared fate;
2. Politics presumes an initial
diversity of views, if not
about goals then least about
means;
3. Politics involves reconciling
differences through
discussion and persuasion;
and
4. Political decisions become
authoritative policy for a
group, binding members to
decisions that are
implemented by force if
necessary.
III. THE RATIONALE OF STUDYING
ANTHROPOLOGY, POLITICAL SCIENCE
AND SOCIOLOGY
 Anthropology- the branch of knowledge
which deals with the scientific
study of man, his works, his body, his
behavior and values, in time and space.
1. (Importance) Provides insights into
strange aspects of past or even
present societies which historians
and sociologists find difficult to
comprehend and explain.
 Political Science- A scientific study of a
state and its government, with the
relationships of men in the community,
with relations of men and group to the
state itself and with the relations of the
state with other sovereign states abroad.
(IMPORTANCE)
1. It provides the students the
knowledge and understanding of a
government, with all its component
curricula like public law, political
theory, public administration,
political philosophy, and political
dynamics.
2. Inculcates the objectives and
underlying principles of the state that
should be abided by the officials and
its citizens.
3. Prepares the students for future
career path, be it in illegal
profession, government service,
politics, teaching, and many more.
 Joseph Fichter said that sociology is the
scientific study of patterned, shared
human behavior. It analyzes human
interaction which is essential in
understanding men’s cultural make-up. It
may focus on all kinds of social
interaction like
1. Social Arts
2. Social Relationship
3. Social Organization
4. Social Structures
5. Social Processes
(IMPORTANCE)
1. To maintain social stability and to
create programs as well as policies
for development.
2. To broaden the experience of
individuals as they learn to discard
prejudices and become more
understanding of the customs of
other people and realize that truth is
relative and good or bad behavior
depends upon the norms of conduct
of the society in which behavior
takes place.
Prepared by:
Blaise Pascal Group 1
Cardente, Michael
Corpuz
Ducot
Ecuacion
Galido
Gelacio
Luchana
Lunday
Madronero
Payot