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Xiaoqin Zhang, Xia Li, Songlin Guo, Gang Sun, and Wenting Guan, Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd
This paper was prepared for presentation at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition held in Perth, Australia, 25-27 October 2016.
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Abstract
Daqing Oilfield is a heterogeneous sandstone oilfield with multiple layers. In order to protect the
environment, produced water is widely recycled to prepare polymer solution, leading to great polymer
consumption and poor economic effectiveness. For this reason, an exploratory research on anti-salt polymers
is carried out. Polymer LH2500 is screened out and applied in pilot test in No.3 Block of Xingbei
development zone, Enhanced recovery factor reached 10.3%, 45% polymer consumption was saved for
ordinary polymers.
However, as produced water is recycled to prepare polymer solution, anti-salt polymer pilot test is
urgently needed. To further enhance the recovery factor, anti-salt polymers of low concentration should
have high viscosity in the high underground salinity.
viscosity in simulated sewage (mPa·s) 34.5 68.3 65.6 43.5 36.3 45.1
Stable viscosities
Viscosity of anti-salt polymers in sewage as a function of time was tested. The initial viscosity was 50mPa*s
and temperature remained at 45°C. In the beginning 30 days, viscosity retentions remained close and all
were above 70%, in the time range 60~90 days, viscosity retentions of LH2500 and GL were 92% and 50%,
which were higher than that of P-2500. Viscosity retention of LH2500 picked up obviously after 60 days,
which the other remained stable after 90 days. (Fig. 1)
Table 2—natural core flooding experiments for polymer solutions aging 60 days
viscosity mPa*S
polymer Cmg/L porosity % Kwater mD Soil % Rwater % Rpolymer % Rtotal %
initial 60D later
Further flooding experiments were carried out on man-made two-layered cores. Results showed that
compared with the recovery factor of P-2500, those for Lh2500 and GL were 3.6% and 0.6% higher. (Tab. 3)
Table 3—two-layered core flooding experiments for polymer solutions aging 60 days
viscosity mPa*S
polymer Cmg/L porosity % Kwater mD Soil % Rwater % Rpolymer % Rtotal %
initial 60D later
3 P-2500 1300 53.7 33.3 23.28 444 72.6 39.3 18.6 57.9
4 KYPAM 1100 52.4 15.6 24.33 422 73.0 39.7 10.1 49.8
Pilot test
General properties of the pilot test area
The chosen pilot area was No. 3 Block in Xingbei development zone. Oil bearing area was 1.5 km2, porous
volume was 3.145 million cubic meter, and geological reserve was 1.477 million tons. A five-spot well
pattern with well spacing 141m was applied. There were 33 injectors and 37 producers. (Tab. 4) Sedimentary
type was high curvature fluvial distributary channel sands and 4 sedimentary units developed vertically.
Polymer flooding began in Jan. 2014.
Table 5—development and perforation for each sedimentary unit in the block
Table 6—statistics of watered-out thickness for PI22 ~PI332 in the tested area
Four Three Two sing channel sand non channel sand Pinched out
sedimentary unit perforated total
way way way way ratio ratio ratio
wells (%) wells wells wells
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
For oil layers of effective permeability above 150md, polymer flooding controlling degrees of these
layers reached 68.2%. (Tab. 8)
Table 9—swept thickness for normal and anti-salt polymer flooding in tested area
PI22 80.9 522 47.2 48.6 53.7 58.3 60.1 66.4 +8.0
total 302.7 495 174.3 198.1 211.5 57.6 65.4 69.9 +12.3
PI22 8.5 498 4.6 6.2 5.7 54.1 72.9 67.1 +12.9
anti-salt PI32 36 519 18.9 25.3 29.8 52.5 70.3 82.8 +30.3
polymer
PI331 6.5 462 3.6 4.3 6.2 55.4 66.2 95.4 +40.0
flooding
(10wells) PI332 21.9 437 12 14.7 18.8 54.8 67.1 85.8 +31.1
total 72.9 479 39.1 50.5 60.5 53.6 69.3 83.0 +29.4
Figure 3—the actual and the simulated numerical water-cut for the pilot test area
Conclusions
1. An anti-salt polymer was screened out. It was of low hydrolysis, stable viscosity and high oil
displacing efficiency.
2. Anti-salt polymer could obviously sweep the oil layers. Compared with that of normal polymer, the
swept thickness of anti-salt polymer was enhanced by 17.1%.
3. The maximum water-cut decrement for anti-salt polymer flooding was 15.6%. Enhanced recovery
factor was 6.4% higher than that of normal polymer flooding at the same polymer consumption. In
other words, when oil production was the same, anti-salt polymer flooding could save 45% polymer
consumption, equal to 19.47 million RMB.
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