12/22/2017 Engineering Boy: Types Of Earthing System

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Generally, there are 3 types of Earthing Systems namely TN System, TT System and IT System.
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TN System: A system having one or more points of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposed conductive parts
of the installation being connected to that point by protective conductors. TN systems however are sub-divided into 3
main categories which are;

TN-C System: A system in which neutral and protective functions are combined is a single conductor throughout the
system.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to PEN conductor.

TN-S System: A system that having separate neutral and protective conductors throughout the system.

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The protective conductor (PE) is the metallic covering of the cable supplying the installations or a separate conductor.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to this protective conductor via the main earth terminal of
the installation.

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12/22/2017 Engineering Boy: Types Of Earthing System
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TN-C-S System: A system in which neutral and protective functions are combined in a single conductor in part of the Home
system.
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In TN-C-S system, the supply is TN-C and the arrangement in the installations is TN-S. this is also known as Protective Followers
Multiple Earthing and the PEN conductor is referred to as the combined neutral and earth (CNE) conductor.
Followers (24) Next
The supply system PEN conductor is earthed at several points and an earth electrode may be necessary at or near the
consumer’s installation.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor via the main earthing terminal and
the neutral terminals being linked together.

TT System: A system having one point of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposed conductive parts of the
installation being connected to earth electrodes electrically independent of the earth electrodes of the source.

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All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode which is electrically independent of
the source earth. Sample Text

IT System: A system having no direct connection between live parts and Earth, the exposed conductive parts of the
electrical installation being earthed. Sample text

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All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode. How To Design
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The source is either connected to Earth through deliberately introduced earthing impedance or is isolated from Earth.
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The IT system is commonly used in hospital’s operation theatre. Lighting
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