BNm

"NHN VN GIAI I'HAM*

TRirC TA N D LUN

NH XUT BN S THT
H - NI
 G I L I T I LI U
CA M T THN C H I N BU...

^ H l q ia n s? cn r i qua. N h n g , c l n q ta kh
m quen c cuc u tra n h i U l i ciii
nhm p h h o i X h a n v n (H ai pham t cu i m
1U.V) n (a nm VXH. D n h irn , cuc u tra n h
cn p h i i) t c . N htrU i Ir i ch i n (tu vtU,
(U l m i trII c h i n u quan /rom/, (iit /V/,
c Un l cc l (UII ch n q riK r a i iHt lo n quc, c
tn h cht quyt (tnh tro n q vic x o a y chuyn cc (iii
u tra n h , kt th c . T r n chin du t (i ilw m
m i h iii l i oe vang c i n h n (ln Vit-nam trong
s Hp p h n u x (lU ch n g h a x i h i
m in R c IH h on th n h cch m i g ia i p h i (ln
tc rong cu it c . N CU a ( li l l ihU l i vv
G ca ch n gh a ij(H nirc v ch lUa X (1 hi trn
m t trn VI ha vn ngh V it-iiam . D c ke no l
// (lo n ha D li) do k h c m un quen n i h a y m un
l m qim bt lm q u an rU ca n l i , Ir n chin
u chnq nhm p h h o i X h n vn ( ia i p h in
v a qua vn l m t tr n chin (ti c ln h ch t lc h
s , mt trn c h n (tu (thq (hi n h ca chU ta
lrv.il b c (t ng a i tliU ai a (ln c o k th
c a (ln tc, g i a l c iU x h i ch n y h a IH l c
l n g (h c h v i x i ch n g h a .
 C h n q ta k h n q il e k h n g n g m i c i m c , n l
du cho irn chin u .
*

Di s lnh o kin quyt 1> sn sut ca Ititii

ln (II Vit-nam, (irirc s tham gia n tranh rii
rii rn (/11011 chii, cuc r/iao phong trn mt trn t
tinrii kn di <i'(n ba nii tri, (l chn mq ic
mt m mtrii ph hoi IU/m nqin v CH khai ct
bn Ih (lch viri (ln tc, Ih ich vi ch ngha x
hi. Trn giao pomI (t l mt lung (ji mnh, thi
bt nhn i ttrnq thi tha b i, nh ri mt n ca
n h n g p h n l p h n n , buc c h n g p h i r t ra k h i
ha i c h u t m c h i II 1 l t h l u , l m cho en
I r n q r riU. i)n<i h i , t r n /iao p h t m g (t c n y d
cu vt c nhrrn<i ntiri sai lni, lc li, (aiiq l
bin h thnh mi cnq cu ciia bn ph hoi.
Tuy nhin, nu rhn In ch nhn cuc u tranh
chii nhm Nhn vtn (ini phSni vi nhng tht/
li va k trn th cha it. Trong bl c mt Irn
ch n (tu n n , s Ihtmq l i cng th P h i n t r n 2 m i:
mt ilii bi ca ch 0(1 mt thu hoch ca to. ch
b ih bi m ta khng thu hoch c th llang
li ca la bi hn ch. M/, ironq trn chit u va
qun, chng to a fhu hoch c nhiu : ch (tu
tranh v tinh thn cnh gic ca cliii la c nng
c a o : s o n ht n h t t r t r o n g n i b n h n d n c
tP l tronq i I>n hn o vn nqh c tng
cirnq : lp irnq v tir itrnq (tc thm mt bc
k i n i n h ; k i n h n g h i m u I r a n l c t h m d i (l o.
CI xc inh li iu trn i chng la cng nhn
r : trn chih u va qua chnq bn Nhn vn
G i a i p h n ) lut/ i m t v i c p h i li a o l n c n g s c

6
g i v n g s n g h i p c c h m i ca chng ta, n h n g
n cu n g em l i n l i u 1)0 c h , n h i u k i n h n g h i m (U
bu .
Chi a khng l? khi khai thc cho ht iltnc
iu m trn ch in (l u v ita iU (p l i.

# *

N / y 4 -(- 1 l~>S, t r n c li;ii u c h n g n h m p h h o i

Nhan vn Giai phm (t clin l ihc vV thc biii
m t c u c h i n q l i c a B a n c h p h n h H i L i v n h i p v n
hc ngh thut Vit-nam. Trong cuc hp ny, (tl ( ch
T - u d c I b n h o c o r i r) r n q . (I
> a n h t h p , OU k l c u c u t r a n h ni v s a u (,
Ban c h p h h Hi n l i t ri m i q u a m i s iU ii
li c ihe. D l s hti l i rc r r( hn chin
u v ira qua,

N h irn t, (UI n i p h h o i N h n v n (H ai p l i m
(td b i v c h m L b (l l u p h e p h n tu h u nn k h c ,
t lir n u X h n v a n - Ciai p h m > c h i r a p h i l (i
h o n to n b (iii s c h . C h iia (t' q u c v b n l a y s a i
c a c h n g c n m i n N a m n Irt t h e i, c s
t ca gia i cp l sn m icii tc ch a hon lo n

b iii dit th iit hriK Nlum vn Giai phani *

vn cn n qut (t (I, iriU n h n q Iuu hc no

ca x h i v c a m t s t m hn l c IH. M t
trn chin au k thc , nhng cuc du tnm li cn
l i p t c . M u n c h o CIC (tu v t m h n c t i p l c
y (liu q u a n V n h t l c l u i a k h n g c m t
cnh gic. De nng cao khng UVU tnh cnh gic CU
c h i ta , m t i u r t c a n tliie t l l u n lu n n l i
bi hc c. T n r c m i ch n q ta, bao n h iu C U v ic

ang ch i , dang li cun ch M ta. Trong ci hng

sa vi CI vic tnvc mt, chng ta rt c the xao
lng vic (t qua. Vi v cn c mi tp h str ca irn
c h i n (tn c c s l ( h r i (I ta, s n s n g n h c nh
l i cho l l ( ta Iii khi It CII hi.
*

Vi nhnq ) n ql trn, chng ti su /(m, chn

l c n h t i li u v e t r n c h i n (tu c h n g n h m p h
hoi Nhn vn (ini phm , xp loi v trnh
b i l i m t c c h c h //lm/ c p c c b n c m i
tp ti liu ton din (lng de tham kho hin nai v
sau n .
T ro i p h m v i c a m i t p s c l VUU b i n h , tt
nhin , chng ti khng the no trch lt c ti liu ,
k i n v bi v ca tt c c c c q u a n nqn lu n ,
c a tt c n h n g n g u i v it b i c h n g X h n van
(iai phni . ChU ti ch c (i trnh b vn
cho mi , ch klnq phi trnh bi/ cho y
cc ti liu c tnh cl cn ban Kt c c bi v c

n g h a s a u sc.
Mong cc ban hu cho s thiu si .

H-n, thng 6-1959

NH XUT BN S THT

8
 I

HA B NH LP L I , VN NGH
BANG TRN B PHT TRIN.
NHNG HIN TNG KHNG
BNH THNG BT BU
XT H IN. - NHM PH
HOI NHN VN - GIAI P H M
HA MT TN CNG. NHN
LI 3 NM PH HOI CA
NHM NHN VN G AI PHAM
NH S LNH b o C a d n g v s GIP
D CA CHNH QUYN, CC NGNH VN HC,
NGH THUT KHNG NQNG PHT T R I N . . .

... Hi Lin hip vn hc ngh thut thnh lp,

nhm mc ch on kt rng ri vn ngh s troug
nc. Hi (la c in Inrng dn cc niuh v n ngh
xy ng tlinili on tle c t cch ()c lp anh ch
em c the (li su vo cluivn mn trong lnh vc ring
l)i(H c a ntuih mnh. Chnh ph v B n g c bit
ch gip src cho s* t chirc mi lc lng sn l tc
va thc hin Iilumi ieu kin riii thit cho cng trnh
Siii tc. yiu sch chi tiu cho hot ng vn ngh
nam 1957 , so vi nam tii ln gp Iiin ln . B
m bo sinh hoai vt chai ca vn ngh s trong thi
gian cn thit i*lto s chunII b v tiu hnh cU v i c
Hng tc, mi ngnh hot dng u c mt qu sng
tc ring tong s len n 2 (M) triu ngO). Ngoi tin
hrii* ca nlumg anh ch em trong bin eh Nh nc,
mt ch ban quyn < 1a c thc hin IIh bn quvn
tc gi V-ngnh vn hc va ttirc B Vtn ha c h n h
thc quy nh v han 1)6 thi hnh. Anh ch em hot ng
vn ngh Ironi cc c q uan c lurTi* quy ch ngh
tx hau mt, hai hoc ba thng & i v nng thn,
vo cng xirg, vo h i, nghin cu (t? ti v xy

(l) Trn c.

11
dng lc phm, Trong tnh th kinh t nirT lli hieu
nav, so snh vi mc sng chun4 ca nhan (ln v cua
cn b, chinh sch d tho hii ca ii s quan tm nl
chu o ca Bni v Chnh |)i v* vn iv xv <im<4
vn hoe
* \\ nyh
n 1 thuat. Nhn an, vU* n nh l)ani
n v
Chnh ph Iin tiriVni rn troii cl (t (ln chu ini
ha ca turT Vit-nam 111i\ nay, v;n n^lu; s i'\M l
nhng con Hiri san Mit, Iihii* con Iiiri lao (!4
c m g dn.{ trn ciri v ch n h n ui c a lure nh
cng mt (lanh v vi ton th i chnj4 lao i*
a n g lm i\) vt v hn g ny, hi*; xa y thmi>
nn kinh l* c a nh m rc, ctiv m n h c n g vic kin
tlit mt x hi mi, \\\\ vxi SU11<4 t\ <tep p. .
Trong iti (lon khni chin niiv tnr\ cni nlir
troii tli kv Xv (l xa hi ch iiLha hin nay,
Daii*
n lao (tni Vii'1-Iinm ininu
n thnh Vtri hoe tluiYl
.
Mc L-nin, lun lun nhn (tnh rn l : VH lc
van lr tr Ihu l I b phan iroiU s Uhip cch
iu u c a ll n dn, m i b h n t r iK hi, id t U
ih thiu dx ro s (i) cch int ca nhn
dn,
Bi khnt* nhhi* ch lu tm n vn. e sinh
hot vt ehat cia Viu ngh s m thi. Gi tr ngh
thut xt ve ban clil th Irirr lil l mt ^i tri t
tiri, mt i tr tini thn. (]lu> IHMI troii vn
bi tiiri phm elil Iturcri van h s, i vi nliii
nh cng tc van Iih a lu nam, Ciit Iilur i vi
anh ch em thanh nicn, Bang hi lui ch V trig
dn, du (lt ch r cho mi ni^tri tliv bircVc iig
tin cua nhau ln, ca xa hi, ca th tiri v nhim
v ca van Iiyli t m i birc* ng tin b chung ca
nhn loi ngy nay... v ngy mai.
Chng ta cn Iihcr ni dui be thir ca Trung
irn ng lao dng Vit-nam gi Dai hi vn ngh

12
toan quc lm tlir hai. Sau khi (ta vch r tnh hinli
chnh tr vii nhim VII chim<4 ilul (lu tron iai
on ngy nay, bc lur (t vit :
CH ('<) ir n H c v t h c h i n U n h t n ir c
n h a la iil iU rti Cinc r i irn la o n p h c IK i j e
l nn lu th iihtK cnit cuc nu, m i h o i i U tieu
kin can hn la p h i irn hanh m CIC (ich m iui
nan hoa (l <()i )i CIIC ri lo )? kin l t mic tc\
p h u i pK bo itl n u t n a n h a u l p k e m c a n lu d n
f(L k h c p h c lh iK t lr iH l c hu 0(1 hi c h
bi, i iicl ca r hi c. liH cao (ii rh (t Dan
hoa, kho l()(' nu kiI ihui nhi mrc i : (lao lao nhnq
con Iiqivi i. (hvr (o (lc sn sr V? ch lia
c nirc U i x hi ch UIU
N li m n chunt r a iih n q Hivni CU (tc tir
hr, CI tc UU1 lqhr lirt nc l i) phn thc
hin Vnc cch H vtii ha vont <( (tonn m%qp
p lii XI (liH ro/ ntiri l i ca x lri i i v tn
lu iiv t . ri u HI lin h cm.
De lam hn lirm Vi (U< C<(' tilt on (jh rh
la m in Hc V( iir n X a m Ihi ciK n id ra ST x
(llK irtt Vd thr lt l c lOi p h , iic l c c ()
phn x (liH mrnc ViM-nam l(t bnh , hU
h d L d (' K (Itti t'h IHI <(ti m a n h . . .

Nu ro nhim v kh kiiin v I*n<> v\ r a vn Hh

V it-Iiam troii giai (lon lch stV Uixy uay, D ii C11
nhn tlv mi ni hn khoan, lliK* nuic chinh ii
a an.il U11 vim UU s. Itiri vy, Iroii k Di hi
van I>t ton Cur lin ir h a i , iini chi rrirno-(;iiiah
thay mi T n iii iroiL Dn*;, sau khi khmi dnh n liim
tliuli trh ca Viin Ii^l1 rcli mii, iru lu nliiig
Iiuyii tc cua i-li l^la Mc l-nin ve van Mhv,
nhii tu Uron<4 lch lc ca inl su vII Uhv s *t CI11
 ph bnh mi khuyt im Iroii s lnh o vn
ngh t ngy ha binh lp li cho n by gi-. i su
vo phn hng cng tc, ng chi cng gp mt
s kin thit thc ii quyt vn sng tc van
hc, ngh thut tron** giai on trc ml, v plur<m>
din t chc cii* nhir v phoii diu nghip v.
Bng d gip *ii VII ngh xy (lii* cc nj<imh
vi quv ch ring, iin nh nhng ti lon kin cu Ihil
cho hot ii* roii* cc ngnh. Bn** cliii* <l Iiti r
phng luriTg hot (11 ca vn Hj*y nav. ('<)
quan lnh (to m 11 ln l* l|) lic lp nghin cu
ng l i chnh scli mi ca Biii, ca Chinh ph.
D i nh sii* ca dng i cliiiih sa ch <, anh ch
em vn ngh s hc hi, suy ngh, <tt Iihii* k
hoch sii lc di hn, Iigu lm. Mt s vn ii"
s, di s gip ca Bii, ca Hi, ca cc co
quan qun, dn, chinh, i ve nii* iln, vo li 111
m, vo cc cng xii, vii trng, <li vo cc khu
vc ii tuvu, biu phng, di ln tlurii (lu d tm
ti, d tin hnh cng vic sng tc qttyul lm phn
nh Iilnni* c sc i S11* llrc ( ca (ln lc. NltiUi
aiih ch cm c l)it (lu e ti (lau tranh hin
thi ca dn tc ang c >ii{4 lao (1n* xy cirn<4
cho min Bc mt nen kinh l mi ngv mt (loi (lo,
mt i sng tinh thn mv inn v do d ni 4) sc
vo cng tc thc hiu thng nht mrc nh v bo v*
ha binh th gii, (l gng ca van ngli s te m l
(ti sii mi v con Iigirri mi tron<4 x hi mien Hc
chng ta kh r rt trong m! s lc |)htn m cc
tp chi Van nh. Vn nqh qun (ti, V. V . . . v mt
s nh xut ban ang tip tc ii thiu...

BNG-THl-MAI
Tp chi Vn ngh s 10, tling 3 Iitm 1958

14
 MT PHN KHI MI

Khng chin thng li, ha'binh lp li, min lc

hon ton c gii phng, y tn ca Bang v Chinh
ph ta ln rt cao trong nhu dn. Bi i vi vic
lip qun, liinJ4 li to lii v chnh Ir, qun s v
k i n h t , vi C' ti|> q u n v e Ur t ir n g t i n h t h n v v n
ha, vn ngh cii* tim (lirc kt qu rc r.
Cc tc pliim vn hc khng cliin ca ta ti bn
(irc nhn <ln vn<f m i iai p h n g rt a thich. C c
tloii van 0011! ca ta hieu in thut dn tc
v kluui> chin dirc nhn (ln vng mi gii phng
nhit lil hoan Iiliili. Di hi in hoan vn cng
lon (IIC III lli nht, trieu lm Hnh nh chin
du v IvtK thnh CIUI Qun i nliii dn Vit-Itam
v cc cu c tricn l m 111V thut k h c thu ht h ng
triu ngi '11 xem.
Nhu <in nc ln tin UrtVn (V Bng, Chinh ph
v ch (l...
HNG-CNG
'lp chi Vn ngh qun i
s 6, thng 6-1958

NHNG HIN TITNG KHNG BNH THNG

BT U XUT HIN

Trong khi tuyn tniveii ra Mv nim min Nam

khi\j ngl (t kch nen lic, tl <v nicn Bc: <r...mt
s V(V kch khii c i Ir >i v ngh thut li v
dng V xu v tu- tircmg ilnr Hoan h h nhn , Hai

l
c o n chut >, G h c h gii ct (tc luii ra Iiay
gia nh hi lcm ca tliuli pho, hng ln ^ ^ V'

truyn, tc ng tinh thu; hoc uhir bo Ni tht

ca Hong-cng-Khanh a vit bi l)i nh b i.
Mt mt khc, chiii tim cch kch dng mt so vn
ngh s khng chin, (toi lp h vi Bang v Cliinl
ph de mua chuc li ko...
.,.l)au nam ltKV) 1)011 Trn-Dan, LO*Dt, Tir-Phac,
Honii-Cm bv ra vic ph hnh tp tho Vit-bc
ca T-IIfru v (li sa (ti chnh sch van nli Iroug
qun i. Trong vic ph hnh ll T-IIu, L-t
nu ln t<iu tm hn >tir sn. Tron.j vic i sa
i chnh sch vn lhc trong quII (ti, Trui-Du
ra nhung ctim t do theo li l sn v phn
ng Iilur tr quvi laiil do vn ii' v tav van
Iili s , th tiu l4 thng cliinli tri vin tron<*
cc (lon vn ci qun i V. V. .. (' U Y lc d
ho < Xi tlil ca IIo&ng-cng-Khanli Irich clan
kli ch thch hi S chia tav \
ii van igii v
ch n h tr* c a L - T i ni ve sir ch ia la y ni n va n
Uli cch m.< vi chinh tr plin <1i\ cua Tir<Vnj
(iii-theh.
...Nhng jiVi van H*li ca li (l phn (li chn*'.
Nlrii quan im H>ii thut t su la clu'm<* (t
bc l ra trong vic ph bnh tho T-llu cng nhu'
trong vic i sa i chinh sch vn ngh' trong qun
(ti, 1) ii vn ngh (;> pli phn...
DII (liu I111 1>.*)(), 1)011 Trin-l)n, L-Bt, T-
Plic, IIn<-Iam ko tlim Van-Cao, S-Ngc, Nuyu-
vn-Tv C11<* klmi cn k:t vi tu lir sn phn titv
Miiih-I)c, xut han t|> Giai phm ma xudn dc
chng li Bng. Trong (Hai pltm ma .vun , bn
cnh Iiliug bi kch s lnh o vaII ngh, t chc
10
V cn iu) lanh o vn ivi>lt ca Bii, bi ( Nht
nh lliUt ca Tran-Daii l mt bn bo co chinh
tr vu kli 6 ii |4 ch mieu l)c tt p ca chng la
mi ccli hau hc...

BO NHN VN V CC GIAI PHM

RA DI) CNG KHAI CHNG CCH NNG

Sau Di hi lau th 20 ca )aii{4 cng sn Liu-

x ph hnh t sni bi c iihu, cc ang cng san
trong phe x hi ch ngha (teu tiu liuli ph binh
v a pht hiu ra mt s klmvt (tiein v sai lm
trong C114 tc lnh o ca mnh hen cnh iihiTii
u im v thnh cii to II v l can han.. Bn d
quc nhu c hi gay va (tc v ln xn (V
P-d-iian.
Trong nc, Trung i Dii lao n Vit-nam
cung t ph hnh v pht liin c Iilni sai lm
trong ci cch rung ai v chnh ti l chc...
Xhu c hi , < c tt c cc lc Iirii... i lp
vi ch H4hui xa hi u Uc ulv chng li s
lanh (to ca )n<* v Chinh |>lui. Hnphn, ctiigtroii
cng gio hnh ng ph ri Ir t Xh-an, Nam-
iih. II phan ii Iroiu cc (ln tc thiu s xi
vua M(V mi vi miu 1)
nh lim n#c du <ll* V*
Iroii tn tio v lm liit
chi 11U4dn bo th. XlmutLuu tr- u-meii liie|i.

h
ph hoi xi gic mt s thng bnh lm mt trt t
mt vi a phng (1).
Tnrc tinh liuh , Nguvii-lurii-aii, Pluui-Khi,
Tririi-Tiru, Trn-c-Tho...* (la vo nhm Giai
phm chii Biui, cng kliai cu kt vi mt s phau
t t sn phan ng, li ko thm mt s vn ngh
s, Iri thc, sinh vi en c quvu li iai cip i ch
hoc bt mn, xut bu * Xln HI , rt Giai phin *> ,
(( Dl mi , Si io chng Bng, chng Chnh
ph v ph hoi ch ngha xa hi. S chng i ca
chuxg khii C11 c tnh cht vn n^h ni m tr
thnh mt cuc chng doi vi} chinh Ir eii khai.
Nhm i Giai phm chii Dung ve vn iih bin
ihiih iihm ph hoi chnh tr trng Irii (( Nhn
van Giai phm )>.
Ngav t khi chng xut bn Giai )ham ma thu
tp I v lY/ui/ WI/1 s 1, <ii vn ngh s tu a thy
r tnh cht phn (lng ca chii, nu kp tlii
ph phn chii trirc dir luii nhn dn. Trung irug
Bang lao ng Vit-nam mun m ng cho chui
hoi cui, nn tuy rt bu ve cng tc sa sui rt khan
trurug, eug da thi gi gp chii ii ba lau,
nghe chng pht biu tlic mc nguyn. vng v nghe
chng ph bhih s liih o ca cu b ph trch vn
ngh ca Bng, ri khuyn bao chng ulnmg iu nen
lm v nhng vic nn trnh.
...Nhng chng u c tnh chii i. Chng nhng
cliuig a khng ihe nhii li khuven bao chau thnh
y thin ca Trung ng, m CI1 li (lng Iihiig
bui gp g de tuvii iruyen xuvcu tc, t cao

(1) T rch bo co ca ng chi Tr ng-C hinh c r Hi

ngb Trung irng Mt trn T quc Vit-nam ngy 13-3-1958.

18
y tin v t0IX hnh liol (lng ph hoi. Chug uii*
chng ( khng chiu dng ' phm vi u tnuili ni
b v vn (te vn nghi* m chng cn c tnh chuyea
sang chng i v chinh tri cng khai v trng trn.
T Nhn vn s trcV (ti, tc l sau khi bn phn
cch mng Hun-a-ri dirc bn (te quc gii) t(y'
(t thc hin (irv v bo ng phn cch mn (V
]uv-a-|)t, th cIhiu (l dmveii hn saii chii di
ve chinh tri, kich C114 qun, chng hei lnh clcii
li Baii v Chnh ph ta. nhn lc Quc hi ta
aiig hp...
Chng hi llt bi mt lau nra. Tnh hiih
chinh tr tr li 011nh. Bi hi VII ngh tii quc
lu th II thnh ciX tl (lp. Bc Ihir ca lan chap
hnh Trung ng ai lao X Vil-nam i i hi
v bi ai chu vn ca (lng chi Tnnm-Ghiiih khng
nh li ng li vn. n^h ca aii l ng, khng
iah
lai C011 cViu
n nca ii vn
o ixVit-miii
i
qua (.lo ng vch ra l liou lon ui*, kliiiag itiuli
lai thnh tch ca VIV nh n * khu n chin v vach ra
nhim v m i cho i i Vn ngh Yil-n.am phc v
s nghip cch mii x hi ch ngha v u tranh
thc hiu thii uht nc nh, a lm cho gii vn
ngh ca ta nc lni phau khi v tin tu.

BO NHN VN b ng c a , NHITNG NHM

NHN VN - GIAI PHM TIP TC PH HOI

Sau khi bo Nhn 1)1111 b tlii ca, chuv*

kliii4 chu t pli bnh nhn li Inre gii VII ugh*
v nhn dn la, m li tip tc hoi ng ngm ngim

IU
ph hoi vic chuu b Bi hi van trqh. Chmg
chuyn lay nhau mt s <
( vn th v ( cu i l)i
mi (lo ehi lm ra e (la kcl d* (t ta. Khi Bi
hi khai mc, chng (la kliu khch ph hoi (len cii,
uhini hi Di hi p muli. c^li11*4 hon ton l)
c lp. T e!m<4 tliav (li th on ph lioi, klin^
chng i cng khai trang Inm ua m lm ra v lin
b e chui vo cc t ele vn l c H4u) lluit ca
ta hoi tiig |)li hoi bu c 11L khai v hp php.
Ve t chc,' sau khi cc Hi * v11 hc
l^li
I > f tliul
irc thnh lp, eluiu* pliu phoi nhm chii4 ra
nni ht cc CO s (le ii on lir liriii. Lung
oa c iu* UrViu ri lli liea li luuu oan cc mt
khc.
V3 sng lc, elnn<* (lm* t (t)iui xo tr (te
kch : uli biu lcm hai mt (le liu kch cung
x*, ca ni cf 11*4 chrc ; nii Ca kcli c mc )),
8/10 cu l cuuu cliuiii, 2 10 kieli Ihm (lc ; Iiliu'
C( l c h s l i a s* v i c , i u c l u i v u liiiii t h o i
c tch, tiu lm e kch ch ta.
V ti bn cc tc phm cu v gii thiu vn ngh
mrc ngoi, eim<4 cho ii li v chuvi (lch iinni tc
p i i a i n Irir c c c h m a n g V(Vi (liu V \ u l k h u g can
c laii liili o, khng ciiii c ccli mti xa hi
ch ngha, vii ULii vii liav. T him lm l cli
xuvn tc vn n.*{h ca Liii-x v cc mrc xa hi ch
ngha cliri s lanh do ca cc Di ciit sau v cn<4
nhn kltiit c < il (lp. Clmg lai elnivn (lcli ulum g
tc pliam kici ehe cu roi de la v cli lliich
xuvi
m* tc
* e lunr
r? XCM1 lliay eau
V a keh ch mi.

Ve l lun, ml ml. cliu i)i mi lu hnh nhng

ti phan (III* a 1>!1 (l <|um\ mt mt chng
chuvii
* dich
Iilim"o t lim
ca ch Iiihu
n xt lai. Nu

20
c (lch nhng li lit u (tinct ca Lien-x v co
IIIrc \ hi rui Iitliii kliIf th cliII<4 1)0 Iihmi phan.
ni ve u (licm v llmuli iiclv, ch Irich (lch nhng
phan ni ve khuv (ieii v nMrt iin, ri ta v
ch llicli xuvii lc (le lm ch) II"i (lc hieu nlani
vn nili ca cc* mnVt* xft hi ch ngha l xu.
Cm> cn luii on c tun ho Vn, nh xut
bn. Hi nh vn, cu lc l) Ili nh vn va quv sng
tc ca Ili nh van mt cch iigliim trii.
Li (nt tiul. triu l* sau h vn Hh, *i<Vi
VII Uh ca t claii lo sng lc, t ch n u
tranh t Uri v lanh (o chc, l*i dng s thiu
cnh gic ca mi so cn b ph trch van ngh ca
ia ch el trn <4 lan.li (tao sng tc, coi nh lanh o
t ln.q v l clurc, 1iiiiL a lin hnh cc th on
ph hoi Ri trn, mt cch nt xo tr, nhng vn
khng che u um\

LI MT CHUT

Di s lanh o sng sut ca ng, trong hai

lp nghin cu chnh tr, i vn. ngh ci la a vch
trn nhng th (toan )l hoi v chn tng phn
n g ca clun. Xlm phan l* ct can ca nhm
p h hoi N h n n i ( r ia i p h m (t phi tlr ti.
Cc ho chi ra a ( phm. nh cuc (tu Iranli ra
trc dir hum nhu u. Xhn (lan. ta len n. chng.
Cuc au Iraii iiai c|> Ircn. mt trn. vn ngh
t h(m ba nam nay tlit l ax < *<
) phc lp...
ING-CNG
Tp chi Vri nqh qun i
s 6, tbng G-1958

21
 NHN LI 3 NM p h h o i c a n h n
NHN v a n GIAI PHM
... Nhng liot ng phn ng v phn bi ca
chng a tin hnh ini bc theo k hoch <
r n tng
mim nh ting ehtii quen dng.
B c t h nht bt u t
mt trn vn ngh kch ng v ch ta
Mi k th ca (ln lc v cta nhn dn lao ng,
trong thi i ta ntgv 11av, thi i thng li ca ch
ngha x hi, u hiu r ang ca giai cp cng nhu
l k th nguy him nht ca chng, vi l d hiu
nhng ngi cng sn l nhng ngi c tin yu
nhl ca (ln tc, ca nhn dn.
Bn th (icl ca To quc v nhn dn ta cung th,
thm 111111)11 (lon. ti ca chng lun lun la : nh
s lnh o ca Bng ta c th xa b ch
dn ch nhan (lau <v mien lic. T cng, chng cng
l ch e ciiil troiu tuyn truyn ca Mv Dim (V
min Nam, cfni nlur ciia cc ch n^ii quc khc;
l cng (V Irun ln< 4 m<* l nhim v hng u
m chng <>iao cho tay sai ca chng min Bc.
Bn cm u nhm ph hoi Nhn vn (iai
phm , nhng k l lu ni sn trong 1114 s
hn th i vtVi ch <t la v nhng ngi cng sn,
tt nhin cin<* hot ng theo l trng . Hoc kinh
nghim ca 1)011phn, (lng quc l, bn ph hoai V
ncta cg p (iii ci tluit <lnh l mt trn vn.
lKl mt nilciui t cn s h cua cch mg, va
phi hp ni C1J vi ngoi k ich x .Nh.tr lit
iiri trong bn h th nhn, cuc tu ciig vfto
ch ta v Dng ta ht u tr411 mt trn vn
ngh t u nm 1955, ngay khi ha bnh va lp li.

22
 Trong khi bn gin tlip cn giu mt ch (li
thi c, v bn to-rt-kt Trir<m-Tiru, Tru-c-Tho
tch cc cliun. 1) l c lirii ' tnrig Di hc, ll
bnX^uyn-lti-Dan, L*-l)t, hai ln phn Bagn np
Ironi* ho Van mjh(' ca Ili Vn ith CU14* J))1. Trn-
Dan, T-Pho cfiu< lii nhng tu phn tng troi
phng Vn ngh qun i, kt thnh mt h phi
chng ng Iroit* vn II!h-
Nlnr 1<V ll nhn ca Tran-Dn, L-Dt, Hoi
Cm, cuc pin'* binh tp th Vit-Bc l do ci h plii
v sp t, (t? (tnh VIO s lnh o v (tivng li vn
ngh ca n#, ng li phc v chinh tr och mng,
phc VI.I o. Iin. liiuh, v (t xtrmg ci iu tm
hn rung nt ca ch ngha c nhn t sn, m
ca cho li sni t (lo sa a.
ng nhk'11 ci ctiu tm hn. 9 v ca L-t
xng ln kbii* th no ha (lc vi ci iu ln
ca cch mng, v cfiii.<* rt t nhin n ch ha c
vi ting so tin kip lc J\n ca tn. mt thm
Trn-Duv.
Cung lc y, bn Trn-Dau, T-Phc nhng a
con h hn <5 ca H-ni c nav li tr v vi nhng
cnh c ngi xa hng cm thy i s6 ti< trong
qun i nght th .), ch v thiu ci t (lo tr li
i sng try lc ci. i vi chng, (Vi sng trong
qun (ti cch mng ch cn l nhng si tlAv xlch
t r i b u c p h i )li m r a . B i r c t i n i t h m t n h i u
cht phn. itii' ca H-Phoug, Trn-Dn ging lu
Ting trng Ur<mj lai chi cu h chnh tr l
ngiri bnh , ngi ri , ngi . Cng Tr-Phc,
khiu khch Iihrng anh om khc, hn t chc mt
cuc u tranh luic lnh o thc hiu mi yu
cu ca h.

23
 H (ti thc hin nhng g? Tr quyn lanh o
vn ngh v tay vn nghi) s. Th tiu ch (t chinh
tr vin trong co on vn cug qun i. Th tiu
mi ch qun s hin hnh tron<5 vn ngh qun
i. Thnh lp trong qun i mt chi Ili van nghi}
trc thuc Ii vn nghe, khug qua Gc Tuyu hun
v Tng cc chnh tr . TI11 li l th tiu s luh
o ca ng v kv int ca qun i i vi h. V
ui nh Trn-Dii a th nhu (( cuc u tranh chnh
sch cl l ci c e chng ti khot mu thumi gia
quan clm ( v lnh (lo . l>h phch khii hiu qu,
h ko nhau ra khi quii i, hug lm cho Phng
Vn Iih qun i v lliiu h m t lit. Mav thay,
chinh v i thiu h i (l m nhag ti nng mi trong
qun i cng nv n thm len.
Nhng iu tm hon v < (ting tri )) ca bn
Nguyn-hfru-DaiijL, L-t v Trn-Dn, T-Phc khng
gi c s ch V ca ai, nhng cung c vi k tri
m lurii ng.
Khii* phi ngu nhiMi m ho Xi tht ca
Hoaug-cng-Khanh, nil k a bn mnh cho ch
trong thi k tm b chim, lc (t bng ng ( vu
vo* mt bi ca L-Tu vit ngv xa trong thi
k ctII tranh chng ch Tng Gii-thch, cli
au e : Bc chia lav gia vn ngh v chnh tr .
Nlum c n, ai khn.' thy c ca nhng k
a quen, ngh tc ng tinh thn )), ln tii cho
mi[4 bn chng ch (l, chng ng.
Trong hng toi, van c nhng k khng phiu ta,
sc so nh hi ch (li. Thi c ra mt cha li cho
chng, hay e clio Iu chi ng hot ng, v gip
h t xa.

24
 VVi ti lien ca bn tu* sn phn, ng v nh xut
han Miiih-I)c, Xiuvii-luTu-Diii vhni td cc ph
hoi, li ko mt s van. nil' s lc hu, m* riH
liol ii4 pliim. bi ca hn.
Du nam l (.K)f), con liira Minli-e l lirnu tho
niv ci ln ra mt chi ch' (t, chi D 11 , trn
/a/ p h n i m a x u n .
Hay nghe Trii-Dau th nhn v hi tho* Nht
inh tli ca lin : ... Lm vi (li xuyn tc s
tht, hi on mim Bc... Xu can.il tht nghip, hng
, i Xam, hai nim khn.g 1ini ivbit... lun. luu lp
li ci (tip khc num sa tru m!u c (t ii (t Iilin
m nh l)an.j l n g iiY n n h n ca c i x a h i th t h m
ny... .
lu cnh Trii-Dan l uhmi tiU tc tn khc,
chi bi i nhii cn !)() l mo l S11 v
inh i ci tluui st ty L-I)t ku MMi ! Mi ! ,
<r Bay
V cho cao, bay * cho xa ! > :

Xiri la bit ch bav v v sau ch cn c

ngha l v (i Nam) nlnr bn L-t ni r.
Ci gi l Giai pliin mn xu n y lp tc b
ch Irich tim hi. Or quan luli o ca Bng v Hi
Vn Iil' mt liu lm c *anj io (lc, ihim khc
ph b n h li v llil tinh v u m u ii c o i h nliir Iilm.<*
Iiiri ri ri, lc (lirn.
I im (ti, nhng li (t rinh CO' hi phc th.
L dng lc kh khn, ra mt phn cch
mng, nh thng vo ch v s lnh o ca
Dng, chng lt nn chuyn chnh dn ch nhn
dn, m mu gy bin ng.
i hi ln Ih 20 ca ii cng sn I.iii-x vi
nhng lun iein c i (ri lch s v quc i ln lao,
lm nc 1011*4 nhng ngi cng sn v tin b
 Irn th tt nhin lm cho bn phn ng khp
cc urc ht sc hong s. Chng lng ln tm mi
cch chii* li phong tro ha bnh dn ch X hi
ch Hlia v nht l chng ch ngha cng sn, chiig
L mi-x. Nhn c hi ng cn sn Lit'11-x <luix<4 cm
ph phn t sng bi c nhn v nhng sai lm da
ng chi Sla-lin, chng lp ic khuv ln mt lun<
gi c ln cng vo cc nc x hi ch ngha, chi
ra Lin-x v cc ng cng sn.
ii ta, trcVc sau trung thnh vi li ch ca T
quc, nhAu (lu V1 nhng nguyn l ca ch ngha
Mc L-nin, mnh n pht huy s ph bnh trong
ng v trong nhn dn, hoan nghnh nhTrn' kin
tch cc xy (lng ca qun chng, sra cha nhng
khuvt im, sai lm trong s lanh o ca ng v
Nh nc. Thc t chng minh tuyt i a s
nhn (ln., qua phong tro pht huy dn ch, cng thm
gn b vi Bng v ch ca minh.
Gii vn ngh, qua mt lp nghin cu nhng
quan im McL-nin v vn ugh, cng thng thn
ph bnh nhng khuyt di em lch lc trc Iiav trong
phong tro v trong lnh o v mt vn Iigh.
Nhng bn ph hoi by l\u mi sn nanh vut,
lin nm ngay c hi y lm c khng khi ph
hnh lnh mnh.
n y, bn Nguvii-hru-ang cng bn gin
ip Thy-An, kt thnh mt khi cng khai chi ra
khng chiu, li dng din n hi ngh kch s
lnh o ca ng ta, i phi b ctircrii.fi li vn ngh
ca Bui, phi Ihav i chnh sch v t chc ca
ng trong vn ngh.
Tnh hnh nc ta lc ang tri qua mt cuc
th thch ln. ng ta pht hin nhng sai lm trong
 v\\ ccli runi <1;t, chnh n t chc. (Vi S11. ca
nhn (ln <
>thnh thi rn kh khn, li bi 1)!1 l san
u co* UY h i p .
Th i cng dan.fi tn sng gi; t nlnTn.fi v 111
xn Ha-lan n cuc bin (ti phn cch mii (V
Hung-ga-ri; chim tranl Anh Php xm lc i-ep.
Du liin x lii ai Iilieu ni phn vn, cng iliOm
xn xao lo lni.
Trong lc cnc loi phm (ii troii x hi, cmg
nhhi lu manh cao hoi Mc iM\i\ (lv Iilir n1Crnj4 con
v t h 10 *111, ])11 p l h o i Iront v a n Iilu; (ui hot
ng d.
Ti bn < r /i phm ma xun v lin tip xut
bn c c tp r/Vi/ p lih m a t h u , /m'm rfo/i/ rt, r D l
mi . Vi ho Xli vn ra i lu* (t, 1)011 ph hoai
Iiiv cn.ff t ll tran din tn.
Ho Nhn vn cm nlin l i c* phn cch mng,
iil ihii vo n* v Xli mrc, clii li nn
cluivn chnh (in ch Iihi (ln. x l ting tp
l) nhng phn t phn ng, kch thch nhrrn.fi phn
tr hat man (ti vo con irii phan Thich. Sc mi
th (tch, n l l v kh tiiycn truyn phn ng
cng khai (iri cli (t la, (tc mi phn l ph hoi
tch cc iif h, truvn h cc thnh th, trong cc
trng hc, vi ci cht ngng nghnh, ph phch va
try lc. x tr thnh mt th (( mn n tinh thau
ca ha cao bi v lu manh tre l cc (tmVng ph, ca
mt s thanh IIMI lc hu thm kht phiu lu, hng
lc, v kich tlich h vo con fmg ti li.
Trong ci cng ty phan ng Nhn on Giai
phm v tlt (t mt cc loi hict tinh : t bn Phan-
Khi, Trn-Duv mt thm cu ca thc dn Php n
bu giu cti) Thy-An, t l)a tcr-rt-kt Trirng-Tu,
Tran-c-Tho n bn phn ng Nguyn-hu-ang,
Trn-Dn, L-Dt. Mt c dim chung l liti licl bn
chng tiu l nhng phn t thuc giai cp ia ch v
l sn phn ng, v u ngoan c gi lp Irirng quyn
li *iai cp c ca minh, c tinh chng li cch mn L
v ch .
Chinh vi th m bn quc, nht l Dim
nhit lit ng h chng; v nhng phn t phn n,
nhng phn t xu trong giai cp t sn cng nh trong
ng phi (ln ch u ht lng <*i> chng, hng
may ra c mrc bo c .
Bo Nlii vn ra t s 1, lp tc b ho chi
trc ht l ho Nhn dn ca ng phn i. Bo
Nhn vn ra n s 3 , qun chng v cc bo cn<f
kich
lit
* ln n.

Ngay t kh cha ra bo Nhn vn, v khi bo

pht hnh, thv bn h i vo con ng nguy hieni,
mt s ng chi Trung ng ng ta gp g my
ln nhng ngi ph trch ca Nh l vn nh Nguyn-
hu-ang, Phan-Khi, khuyn nh n cn v ph bnh
thng thn h. Trong cuc hp ca i biu Trung
ng ng vi nhiu vn ngh s, trong c nhm
Nhn vn, ng li nhc nh h lu na. Nhng h
khng ly lm iu hi hn, li li ng v xuyn
tc (lng tt ca ng t cao v la bp ngi
khc, li ko thm ngi vo hnh ng ph hoi.
Trong lc i, ho ca M Dim Iigv ugv ging
gia c v bn phn ng v phn bi m chng gi l
nhng nh tr thc vn ngh dng cm , nhng
chin s ca t do . Nhng ting khen ca qun th
lm cho chng cng thm snv m 9 nhir Hong-G<m
ni, trong khi cuc bo ng phn cch mng n
ra Hung-ga-ri cng nh u vo la.

28
 Chng ehuan b tin i bc na.
Vi s* thuyt phc ca T ru- c-T ho, bo Nhn
V(U cng chuven mnh sang chul Ir Iighu l i
n < r l t 11!i (tii (11u chng . Nhng hi nh vo
n*II chuyn chnh, (ti pht trieu t (lo t sn, i cho
hoa (tc, hoa thi t (lo ua 11(V v kch t Qun (ti,
CH* an, Mu (ieh, s' bo chi, cho n c Quc hi
cung klii uhi.
Nhn kha hp Quc hi th () sp n, 1)011 ph
hoai tinrii thi CO' (ten cho chng, ku gi qun ehui
hnh ii, biu tixli plii cch inii. B l ni (lung
ca Nhi nn s (, so cui cng m cng nhan nh in
Xuu-Thu mc b chuu1 e (la,
7 mua chuc
kia
quvt khug in v li chii ra nh sng. Mi bc ua,
khii phi chng se treo c nhihi ngi cng sn v
nhrii Iiirri v11 mrc khc, m tri li. Gug l phc
cho chng.
Chui mun ? Trng-Tu, Trn-c-Tho,'
Niiycii-hu-Baii, v c bn h lun luii tuyii trtiyen.
(( s c bin chuyeu l. . K riui chng khii mun
g khc lum M Dim : lt ch dn ch eug
ha v ti iih (lo.
Ouu chng hiu r ni nnru ca lxm phn cch
nim, a (trug ln u tranh quyt lit, vu cu ch iiili
quven ta ihim tr ehiig. Bo Nhn vn b cm. Tuy
vv, Biiii v chiali quyen ta vu mun kiu tr io dc
cho hu chng tr li iriig ngay l phi, iien khug
dng bin plp khc.
Li liii lng khoan lioi v ca ug, Nh iurc
v ca s ii anh crn vii Iih, hu ph hoi Nhn
ltn ~" (iai ph li hv iniru khc. T day, th on
ca chii phai khn. klo h<m, v phai kIX hn,
nhir Trau-I)au bc l 1J) hc lp va qua.
 Giu mt ph hl, lng ot Mt nh vn
v cc co* quan ngh thut, x pho
chng cch mng * tr n g Di hc
Trung la triu tp hi nl an vin
van n; H thii 12-195(5 ihii uhat nhu tlnVe
tu* lng trong lii ugi Baii ve tinh hnh vn Ith,
pho phn ho iV/ii/ /w/?, vch phirii hirii tiu ti.
Troii khii khi on kt tin UrLi ca Quc hi
kha th (), gii vn iih phn klicVi tin ti i hi
v n ngh t o n q u c laII th h a i. 1II p h hoi vn
khii thi ngm X^ni hot ng chia re, gy hoang
mang hoi Iihi.
Bi hi vn ngli hp, (tiri nh sii ca bc thir
Trung irtmg Bii v ban bo co quan trng ca ii
ch Triig-Chiiih, gii vn ngh Xhietn trang khng
nh ahiriig thanh tu ca nu vn ngh khii chin,
s ti< au ca ctinVi lui vn uili ca Bii, tliiif
thau |)h hnh nhini* lcl lc u tr ca phong tro:
hiil CII thc s itrc, kliuvnh huu<4 tm UurTi'
ha cng vic sii* lo iX^li Ihul v khuynh lirug
gin u, my mc, hp hi, c c trong s lnh o.
V Di hi ihl tr ln n ighicm khc tin.il cht ph
hoi ca bo Nln van cug ilimg biu hiu ca ch
agha xt li troag vn ngh.
Nim Nhn van Giai phm vu ngoan c gi
lp tnrii* phn ng ca chng, tm mi cch ph hoi
Bi hi. Nhng tt c 11hng th on 1)1 i ch lm cho
chng thm c lp. Dai hi vn n&h vu thnh cng
tt p, gii vn. ngh cii thm on kt, tiu tng
cli? v ng luh o.
Tuy vy b mt tht ca nhm ph hoi <(Nhn mi/
f// plim vu chira l) lt trn. Xhieu u^iri v c mt
s d n g v i u , in vu s a u , v n Urtrng l m bn. c h n g

ao
ch I\hfiii k tc hng t tng v ngh thut, vi
hiu (lanh kiu ciif t phu 111I bt mau lm liu, s
(tng vu dira phm lt (tc nhng ngi b huv11
hoc, phnh ninh, li ko, vi nluni* k cm u c V
llic phau cch mu<* (lu xircni tv. Thm ch trong
Bii, c vi au<4 vii nh Yii-Oao, (o ch Iiha c
nhu ahim Irii, chiu mh lurig Liiig ne ca l
iirmig chnh tr (ti (tch v ng li vn Hh tir su
Irv lc, cu kt v tch cc gip sc cho bn ph
hoi hot (tii, lm tay Iroug J
>cho cluig, m nhiu
ii vin vn khng l)iet r.
S ngy th v* chnh tr cua s (tiii ke ca mt
s cu b ph trch niit l Iroii Hi Nh vu, (l
a en tinh Irii mt culi gic Iighiin Irii t (t
ve sau.
Nhimg 1)011 ph hoi vn lun lun the tnh. Hc
mnh khe ca quan th v YU1 dng c phi J)hp
hot ii ca cch mng (li che ch, nhm ph
hoi Nhn van - Giaiphi , l i il 11114linh trng mo li
mt cnh gic ca cn b lnh o v s (tii vn Iih
s, (ta rai ([uu vo cc Hi vu hc ngi thut Iitn
trong cc Ban ch) hnh, chui vo cc b phn ch veu.
Chung phn cng Iihau: Tran-Du, L-t, Hong-
Cm *Hi Nh vn; S-Xge Iii M thut, Chu-Nge,
Hoag-teh-Liiih Hi Nh s sn khu, T-Phc,
Biig-nli-Him* ' Hi Nhc s... Ca Nguvu-hu-
Dang, hau vn tip tc lm vai Ir cua k t chc ph
hoi ci bn gin ip Th V-Au, bn t-rt-kit Triig-
Tu, quan su* Trn-c-Tho v nhng k khc...
T \\ ci tliui m chui gi l v kn v c
ngha l ph hoi bi mt, IMI d giu tav. Khu hiu
ca chng * v l : phiu* xuoii sug tc , tc l
nm ly c s, li ko vn ngh s i vo cou iriig
V im e 31
 chnh tr phn ng, ngh thut suv , li sng
try lc.
%

Tli on ca cliij l kt K/|) hot iii l) mt

trong sinh hot l chc ring, vi cng khai l) php,
np sau lng, thii qua ming ca Iilumg iii khc,
ulit l ca nluni aii vin v cn !)(> ph Irdi
ngy th v chnh tr, t (lo ch ngha, b tha trong
sinh hot.
Phng plip (sng lc ca cluing l phng php
ca bn ph lumi iau mt m Tru-Du ^i l ng
bieu tumig hai mt theo kinh ihim ca bn nl
vn phim cch mng Hung-ga-ri v ca mi th vn
chng c v .
i i vi th vn cliinmg (t tc ng tinh than
ieiig khai v chng lim truyn. iihhi vn th b nil
;()c c v bu thu, ciX Iiliig sch bo t-rl-kt gin
Viip t phoiig Tv ti n.
Diriig li sch lirc ca chng vii nh xa Liav,
l da vo nhng phn, l ia ch, tir sn phn ng,
c lch s chng cch inug, t-rt-kit, ng phi phau
ng, li ko nlng k ng nghing, chu uli hiig
tir tinmg t sn, truv lc, hiu anh ; da nt, khch
cii Iilmg ngi ngy tho1, YU ui, aii vo nhii*
niri lch cc, trung thc (loi Y'i cch mi, v<Vi Dii,
nht l uliing cu b iu viii ph ireli, nham chia
r v c lp auli o ca Dang.
C s vt cht ca chng a c t tnrc Iroiu
ilurng t (UV )) Iilm xa lii, phii tr, v ca on
kch, sn liu, <*i, bn n, t ru, phim khi m,
sch l-rl-kt, li thm nlihig i qu cho vay sng tc
ca cc Hi vn hc lgl* iHil l chui (la chia inv
Iiluui vo* VI phim to, khiV|4 k uhfriij hron^ hil ai
m Nh iiirc la sn lng dnh cho vn ngli s.

32
 C nh vy, Hi >sh vn v mt s c quan ngh
thut du (1U1. b lung on, i xa n iriig li chinh
tri> v van luh
o * ca Ban<.
n Bo Vun Ui mt
* ci thc o
nt r linh Irii u^uy hiem y. (l quan lnh o ca
n Tiu Imu vn ngb Truii ng a nhiu
ln lin tip nhc nh, ph bin.il nhng ngi ph
rcb, Iilunig mt s n<4 ch y vtt b ngoi tai,
(lirtmg ilinm tclac cho mnh liiu vn Ui* c kinh
nghim uli vn lum Dn.i )> . Bo Hc i()p, c qiuui l
l u i i c a T r u m * XYi a n g l n t i n g p h b n h , t li
vn biu hin cuc sii mi, con ngi mi. Khng
ahag khn. tip thu, mi s Rgiri ph trch bo Vn
li C11{4 ihia c tuyt pli bnh, tun li kch bo
ng, khinh mil qun chng.
tc bn Nhn vn c v, klieu Ui bo Vn
li cho ra c ml lot bi v Iranh ca ba Nhn vn
ru mt chng an., (t kch d lun ph binh, bi en
ch : Hy i mi ca I rLi-l )n, Li m dn
ca Plimg-Quu, Mt phng php XI d iK ngh
thut ca Tran-Duy, ny Nam chut ca Phau-Kh ,
ng my ca Minh-IIoug, khng k nhng bi
thm c khc.
S <tn< vn nglu; s, cu b v qun, chng n i:
Bo Vn r nt ch Xltn ng Inrc! .
Bin- nlnr vy. V nhm Nhn vn Giai phm
lii on, ui n ve lir tii v t chc, nhng c
q u a u x u u g y u c a Hi N h v n : t h o V a n ctii N h
xut bn, t Ban. ughiii cu sng tc, ban Lin lc vi
Iiirc ngoi n Cu lc b, qu sug tc. Tuy nhng
c quan v vn. (lo nlnni U11 em, dD chi khc phu
trch, nhng tru thc te v l tii quan im chu
nh hung ca ch ngha XI li, uu cc anh em
cng b bn Nhn vn li dn theo Viimg quaa cim ca
clung, nht l v ivh thut, (te cho chiti c c hi
l#i dng nhum* plircxiL lim ca ta e ehU* li ta mt
ccli im c, xy mu thun trong h.g ii van ihc
s, chiu r mt s an.il em iig ch vi t chc lanli (to
ca Dang.
Cuc kim Ira cn t tc Hi Nh van vr bv
tt c s thi
* Uiiv
n hi m v.
4.'

Cuc kim tra tin hnh san l cc c quan khc,

cino c nlifm<CI hiu
tir<rii.<
C/ uhir vv
* V vi nhiii
o nnVc (i

khc nhau. Troii4 iriiti v Hi in nic, bn ph hoi
truyn b tch cc ch mha kv liu, c v cho loi
111 nhc suy i, biili tt ca tiii.il cam c nhn ch
m *

ngha ieh k, hi qtum, tht vn<4. Niih v Hi M

thut l ni cn nhiu iih lurVi* ca ngli (iiul Ur
sn phng ty, chng C11< kicli thch li sn<4 lc
m mu hng lc thi bnh, riit xa l vi cuc sii*
lao ng, piii u. Chng cng lon li vo inh su
khu ca ta ira nhng v' kch theo li hai mt)
vi dun. kch vo ch , ng li chinh sch
ca Bng v Nh nc. Cho n trong ngnh iu nh,
cii c nhiu m mu, th on ph phch hng ngv.
V u, th on ca chng cng ! chia r, gy b
phi (ti lp, tranh ginh lin ti, a v, c to ra 111I
tinh hinh luii ln khii vn, ctc irc dc mrc
bo c . Tnh trng ph bin, v ko (li y tn hi
rt nhiu cho nng lc v tinh thn sng to ca Uiih
em vn nh n s.

Cho n khi, (li nn.il sng ca nghi qiivl l

Cliiiilt (r, in ra hai lp hc lp cho lt .">
<MI anh cli
em vu Hh s, ([a mt cuc u tranh kin quyl thi
mt n ca nliin plui hoi Nlin vn Giai phin
mi hon ton, ri xung (tt; v (tng thi, nhng sa
lm lcli lc nghim triig, nht l tnh trng mt cnh
ic giai cp trong vn n*l- s, trong cc ii vin v
c (tum c a Dii* CUI1 irre c h v c h r lm *.
Gui mt lc, qua cuc hc tp u tranh trong
cc tnnYni Di hc, ch vu <v khoa Vn, khoa s, bn
to-rt-kit Trirng-Tu, Traii-e-Tho khoc o gio
s cun mi |)h<ri tru chu lirug.
Khng th chi ci c na, my nm nay, t
trn bc nh trng, chm (t khng ngt liiyn truvu
nhng l thuvt phau (tii, khiu khch chia r cc
gio s, kch thch sinh viii chng li ch v ng
luli o.
Chng o o luyn
* mt
4 s v ra

mt lot thy io theo lp trng, quan. dim t-

rt-kt, ni rt ging Nhn vn, tim nc c vo u
c hc sinh tr tui.
Chng mun bin Irng Di hc thnh mt pho
i phn, cch mng nh bn chng th ahn, v tht
s t v tri y, chng Uui ra trong gii vn ngh tr
thc nhng sch bo phn ng nht, nhng tc
phm ca to-rt-kil, nhiT* ticu thuvt ca bn t-rt-
kt phng tv, cng nhng ti liu ca bn phn cch
mng, bn xt li quc t. Cng t , chng ch
to nhng tin vt vu khng ng tu v cc tng anh
em, cc nire x hi ch Iiha, ll Iih hot ng ca
bn tc ng tinh thu...
*

...Nhng iVv cui cng ca cuc au ranh quyt

liu Trn-Di ni, nh mi ti tirimg bai trn :
Nhn van u dv mi tht
* cit.
 ...>hng ri nh m ngi u bit.
n lp hc va qua, nhng phn t ngoan c nht,
trong bn h c tii lng bc, gi nhiu th on
ph hoi n cng, cho n klii; tnrc nhiu chng c
khng th chi ci, tt c bn h phi kc u ti
nhu ti li.

T-HU
Bo co tng kt cuc u tranh chnq
nhm ph hoi GNhn vn - Giai phii
tronq Hi nh Ban chp hnh i Lin hip
vn hc Ngh hu Vit-nam hp ln h
U ngy -- 958 ti H-n).

36
CHN TNG CA BN
DU S NHM PH HOI
N H ,v V N - G I A I P H M

TR LI QU KH B
HIU R h i n ti C a
NHNG CON NGI TH
l> cM V I c H &
 CHNG L A I ?

.. . l mt th in minh gm nhiu phn t phc

tp, hoc a c lch s lam tnv sai t lau cho quc
v phon.fi Iioc (lo uven li giai cp m th ich
ch (t, cu !<M vi nJiau, c s ng h ca (t quc v
b phn phan n<4 troi4 *iai cp tir sn, li dng lc
tinh hnh tr 1 th \ v tronq mrc c mt s kh
khan, m lau ci.i DUi la, Xli mrc, truvi h nhng
t linVi* nuy hi trono n.Vtn. (lan, n n.gn C tc
n.j linh thm , khch (ni CUii chng hn. (ti n
nt s lt (t, Iheo kieu 1)011 phan cch mng Hung-
ga-ri.
Bn nguy hiem l bn tnv sai cho (t quc (tn tng
c nhiu ti c chm '4 To que, chii nhn (lau. H
mt ca chiiTg rt lian c, h tm. ChiPi thuc vo
hn.* troiT l) mv mt thm ca (t quc trire kia:
gin ip, phm* nh, (i tc nt tinh than )>v.v... Chng
a iii t ra nt (tc lc vi (lich. Thy~An a tng gn.
gii nhu* Iiiri nh vi cc trm s (iiu s xh chnh
tr thc (lan. nhir Mc-ty, B-lt (t Tt-xi-nhi, t (lo
ra vo cc n ch, IIhan tin.il Y(Vi ten Quc n ng
phn (ii vM liuv quan th hnh chnh liru ng
ca ch l -uh-o... Bn nv li c nhng lu
manh, gi im e to chc nhng tr trv lc, dm
ang, Clnn^ rat tho mn d xt, chia r, phao til\
nhm kiu tc ng iiuh than , mua chuc bng tiu
v gi, khen gi nhng uc vng hn h, thp km cua
con ngi... B(Vi vy vai tr ca bn ny Irong nhm
ph hoi l t chc vic lu linh ln lt cc sch ho,
bn tin phn ng; mua chuc vn ngh s bng cch
e cao, ni khch, ly gin h vi lanh ao, try lc
ha bng tin v ; tung tiu nhm trong thnh ph...
Thi on cia chng rt tinh vi, xo qiivt, nh vo
tam 1 tng ngi, tng i tng, t ra c kh nhiu
kinh nghim v mn ( chiu tranh tam 1 do ich
truyn cho.
Mt bn nguy him na l hn phn ccb mng
to-rt-kt. Bn ny cung c mt lch s chng li cch
mng t lan. Trc Cch ninj thng Tm, trong khi
ta chu trng lp Mt trn dan tc thng nht e lm
cch mng gii phng dan tc th chng (ti lm ngay
cch mm v san tt nhin l ch lm cch mng V)
bng au hri, thc t l lam tay sai cho Php v Nht
ph hoi cch mii. Trong kliixi chin, bn chm* c
a cly vo vuijf ch nioc nhau vi bn. Bn.h-
xuven, Bi Vit lm mt Ihni cho ich, c a * li
vn.{ k\\m< chin gAv c/y s nlm nm troiu sinh VMI,
vn ngh s. n lc cch mn ca la chuyn ln ch
ngha \a hi, thi chm li (ti ^iii'4 tu ven truvn Y?n\<r
tin ln ch ngha xa hi th l sm qu , xoay \iy
chiu* (te ph hoi cch mng. ien hnh ca tuh
cch xu xa Ii.\\ lam cch miT btm< mm thc
s phn cch niui, chinh l Triif-Tu. I11 Iiv
m nhn cng vic 1 lun )), ngha li xuyn tc ch
ngha Mc Le-nin, truyn h ch ngha xt li, ch
to ra th lun (tim phn ng v chnh tr v vn
ngh. Ta khii lv lm l na, khi thay trong lun
iu ca 1)011 Nhan van Giai phm v cc vn nh
s b anh lnrng ca bn , d l trong l lun, trong
sng tc cho chi trong ngn ng u sc mi t-rt-kiL

40
 Dinh cht vi hn TNy, cn c nhng tn phn
cch imuig khc nh Phim-Khi, c mt i ton lm
nhng vic phn, bi To quc. Nguyu-hu-ang mun
u cO cch mm l<lt1TJ4 (tirc Ii.cn i n. chng cch
mng mt cch han hc, iii curu.
Bn na l mt s phnn t phn ng trong giai
cp t sn. Bn nv chni li cch mng vi mt
thc giai cp th ch r rt, nu rt tch cc vo ha
v ng h bn trn.
Bn khe na l mt so van ngh s, trong ngi
tim nhim qu S k t t tng cua cc giai Cp hc lt,
i sng v tinh thn. SI (ta n ni gn mi nm
khng chin, khn<f ci lo (tirc niv may, bt mm
nang v cng lc v sinh hoi, i ti c chng ang,
chR cch mi.
Tru tm tran niya tm Ha , trn co* s mt
thc chuiT chng cch ma, chng ch ngha xa
hi, chng Bang, tit c niiy bn n.v liu kt vi
nhau v khi bo Xli ti ra (li, (ta hnh tluli mt
nhm chnh tri phm (tn.<4, hot (tnj c ch o, c k
hoch. Bn chung a tr tiiih im)t nhm ph hoi
hin hnh...

NH-PHQNG
Nhn (i I ngy 14-1-1958

41
 CON PH THY XO Q U Y T THY-AN

... Thi k i chin th 2 , khi n ng lm ch

nhim bo f n b (xut hn H-ni), c ln sang bn
Lo lv c l <ti tim hin tiah hinh p'u.1 n Vit liihi.
Ch cm bn n tip v chng n mt cch nng
nhit, nhng tiig chuyn v, trn ml ho s c nhiu
bi bnh vc cho quvii li ca ng bo. Nhim<* mt
khc, n li l thng khch ca tn khm s Php,
v sau it n<*v, trn t )n b c Iihcu bi ni v
Vit kiu, nhng khng phi buh vc m l xuyn lc,
ni xu Vit kiu, rt va lng va cc quan cai tr
i Php ! Kt qu l ph n Vin-chii nhn nhi
b V. . v bo n rng: Ch em bn ny c ht hi
g v chng nh n, m n n v mt th ? . B mt
Iht v IIC c ca con rn gin ip , 111 t thm T h v -
An v Bn-Dirng r rt t .
Hi H-ni tm bi chim, 11 b Bii-Dirng, hin
nav l tay chn c lc ca M Dim, v ly B-inh-
o (mt tn Quc dn ng trii; chng li chinh
quvn (lu ch nhn dn v tn st n<4 bo ta Vmh-vn,
Phc-vn hi Cch mng thng Tm). Lc nv ln phn
quc o ang ch huv nhng i quu th hnh chinh
lu ng ca Php chuyn i cn qut cc vng. V
n dc Bo nng \ ct Iihc ln chc quven Gim c
Vit tn x ca ngy quyn.

42
 Mt t bo xntt hn thi nguy quyn, rn ngy
8-8-1954 c vit: thng thng l) Thy-An i li
trn ng hng khng H-ni Si-gn nhiu ln v
hnli irng b*mt nli i sng ring c.ia b... .
Hnh lung cn con m ph thy y l i my'ba}'
d cc cuc nhy (li v ra khp cc mt trn cung
cp tin tc cho nhiu i v bo ch; cn i sng
ring l lun lun ra vo bung nhng thng Tt-xi-nhi,
C-nhi... Cui 1053, n lin lc cht ch vcVi ti t-rt-
kt Il-hhi-Tng v co tng tcli cc cho bo ng
phng vi 11. <luii> Inyn. trnvn thuyt trung lp
ch (trung lp hay c1wn.li l tay sai cho (t quc?).
Trc hn hnh lp lai il ngy, ng mt ci, ngi
ta nghe tin Thv-An it B-uh-o, m lc
c t ho trong Il-ni (t nu ln vi mt u ln
Tin, tnh hay chinh tr. V g, th v, c iu nMt
ctah klni v ch (l (ln ch nhn dn ca chng ta
ri 1 -nh-o tn trm (rVMO (qun. Ih hnh chnh
lu ng) va l)i git (tr hai ngv, c ngi (hin
ng H-ni) li trng thy Thv-Au ngi xe chung
V<Yi ln. tng gic c-nhi, y l cha ke cn. c lia n
vo Si-<n ri li tr ra I-ni, 1 thii* trc khi
tip qun.
Gii phng th , nhiu ngi l lng v s c mt
ca COR ny. Ring ci vic xtinn Ilai-phiig khi ta cha
tip qun, ri li v Il-n mt cch ii hong cng
cho chii tu suy nli.
Chn* la cung th xem sau hip ngh Gi-ne-v,
con gin ip ph thy ny tun nhng php g
v a irc bao Uiri lc vo m hn trn 9 trong
t h i g i a n 3 n m l i i b i n h l p l i ?

Vic (tu tin l lun 111IX ly vic it Bo (tc t

l ng trung thnh vi cch mng, thirng vin vo

43
 vu sch mi s gip , xh l mt cch gy euy
tn tiu linh vic li ko, mua chuc ngi khi\c.
Vn tng vit lch nn cng bit thp cc
ngi vn ngh s a s xut thn t tiu t sn. l ira
nhiu ci cht tnh cm , c khi m nhau ch v mt c
ch p I N i su vo tng ngiri vi rt nhiu cch:
no l cho tin ngi ch mt anh vn ngh s v t
thn a ch nv i nh h sinh; gip qun o, tin
go cho mt (ti v chng khc; chm ch lo vic ci
cho mt ch lm th; tng con. ng ch ph trch ny
mt ci n lng, gi cho may ngi ' c quan kia vi
ci v xem phim Hm-l hoc tHL din, tp V(V kch Kim
tin v Thy T. Nhiu lm, nhiu lm! k c ci vic
hi d xem nh vn n thch n ph hiu no, ri
mt m kia cho ngi mua mang ti biu... B l cha
ni ti nhiig cu eluivn n choi (tng im lm ( nui
ng hao iu tm hn.ilur loi Phn^-Qun; h'm na
n cn c phii* tin cho < <anh em i tm
yn s phi 1 thun. vi cc th: rir11, phii, gi V.Y...
Ch trch u c Phan-Kh nhn lm con iuii,
sau Iihii* chuyn nhn cc th thuc.
Tc ng tinh thn ca n c nhiu php, nhimj
ch yu l mv vic kch ng <v thc mc bt in.i,
kch ch ta v khen thc dn l) nhn, luvn
truvrt chin tranli tm l V1 tung sch bo xu V. V...

XUN-DUNG
Th 23-4- 1958

44
TN QUN S* QUT MO 8 NGUYN-H*U-BANG

Hn l con mt tn chnh tu<4 Thi-buh. Chnh

gia
n nh i:v
, ch c'ii.<
n ho ny V u rII luyn
V cho hn
l lau ci au c thieli I Irii Hgi trc , thich *a
vi Yi nlieu tii ou nham hioni v ln nhu. Ln la,
hc tnc it nhicu, ii:ii ch;IV cht thi vo lm th k
ph Ton (uvea. cre it lu, han xiu thi v sng mt
cuc i laiu bt. Lc nv, chnh l lc phoii tro Mt
trn bnh u aii pht Irin mnh; h mt thanh nin
nhanh nhn lioat bt, hn. c phong tro tm u.
Cn.g c kh i lm pht hn.li sch bo, cung c lc hn
c phn. cng vit (lm ba bi. Trong chin tranh th
gii th hai, e quc ln ln khng b, ton, b ng
ta rt vo bi mt. Khi nhiig cc cu b, ng vin,
111c uhi on viu tiiiuh Iiin u ch ci b lng
bt. Nguyen-lnm-aiu vn hot ng cng khai trong
phong tro truyeu b quc ugCr. Lc by gi c Nguyu-
vu-T lm hi InnVi Hi v irc Bng ta ht sc
ug h. Nlumg Nguvn-hfiu-au* li vn. ng anh em
nh c T xuug e Bang lm hi tr ii... Bn
khi bu mt thm ch phong tro truyii b quc ng,
taug b Iiliim v v tim cch ln trn.
. . . Mai (ten nam 1912 khi phong tro Vit-niinli ln
cao, Nguveii-hu l)anj mi tc lin lc li v tlim gia
Vn hu Cu quc. Chinh trong thi k ny, khi phn

45
cng Nguyeii-hru-tanrt cti vu ng nhm Hn-1'huvi
ih liu IriV v niiini theo ci ch trn cn da vo
Nht ca 1)0 10 l-rl-kit. Cch niH' thii Tm thnh
cng, Xuvn-liu-Bin. irc c nhu mt Irch
nhim trong chnh ph. Nhng v au c a v <j
nng, Bani d t ra bl mn vi thv chc v minh cha
irv c dt khoi. Sun d, Xuycii-liu-Bint li c
iu cliit Suig cng tc trong Vn. hii Cu quc. Vi
ang chua c uv tn g trong a ht vn ngh ni
khng th e Bang lm Tug th k (tc. ang li
kn ca vi cc ctii chi Ngu\u-ith-Thi v Xuvcn-
huv-Tng. Ngay l 19-13 Nuyn-hu-an. cu kt
vi tu Tran.-thiu-Bo l ch nh xut bn Miiili-De:
Uig vn cui anh em Trn-lhiu-Buo v ph trch
nh xut ban. ca Vn hn Cu quc. Nhung, mt nh
xut bn ca mt on th cch mng khng the lt
vo tav mt ln t ban CO' hi nh ta Trin-thiu-Ino,
cc anh em kin quyt khui tn tlinh e ngh ca
Nguyn-hu-miL.
Bl niui vi on th Vn ha Cu quc v nhn
c hi ang ch Iririi m i hi vii ha ton. quc,
N*uvn.-hfrit-Ban< xiu ra l) baa vn ng Bi hi vn
ha ton quoc. Ili u cch nnui;4, cii* vic ca DaII<4
v Chinh ph rt bu. Tiih hiiih lc (t li *.p nhiu
kh kku ui vi biiqin. Quc (ln au<4 Tng (ii-
thch san tc v khi qun i Xht-bu, v bn. Qtic
du ang Xgtiven-tirHg-Tani, bn cch mng ng minh
hi Nguyu-hi-Thau v b l ca clui* m mu ph
hoi ch (t ta. Li dng lc kh khn , khng ai
kim tra (tn dc, Ngiivn-iru-an* t (tng lm mi
vic khng Iho lun g vi cc anh em, khng xin
chi th ca Bm, N<iiyu-hfni-l);ii< lin h vi igi
ny iigiri khc, khng cun bit ngi d thi
chinh tr ra sao'? C 11 vc iriig tin hnh th khng
chin bii n. X4 tiyca-hii-l)aug khng nhn thy hon
cn h k h khau ciia kiiii ;4 n. m cli ngi n thch
th c nhi) cua mn<1; lm ci g ciiii' niuuii lm to,
khoa Irtiiig, hiuh Ihc. l):ui4 t chc tiiauh nin xuu
plumg lt qiiv m v titi tn rt Iihiu tiii. Bu c
lnh l ni lii, inu6 :r lm th luli thauh Iiin
v V uli (lo to mt lp tiiauh uiii vi diuiii ngha:
th.iiili iiii Xyuyn-hit-Dang (!).
Cii IrMei Xgiivn-hu-Bangkhaj< stvi hon
canh Ihc t r.il k!> klun ci khn<4 chin, v cch
tuni tin ca Xyuvcii-hu-ang t leo kiu sn tay o
x ol iih tii ixy kig quv no cung cp cho .
T chc Ihraii mn. Xui 1*4 phong ca Dang phiu gii ln.
Ngiivn-hhi-Daii* li inrc Dn.g uieii ng v lm thanh
tra Bnh dn hc v. Ve y chii<4 bao lu, au c a
v li tri dy, X^uvii-hu-B:iii< li kn ca, cng kch
(tni ch V mg-kim-Ton. l m c Nha bnh du
hc v, mt luiri rt cn c, bn 1)1, mt ngiri c
cng rt nhiu t phong tro Truyn, b Quc ng,
Xuvn-hfm-l)iiij li vn. (111.;4 anh em hn.g t ng
cii Viron-kini-Ttnm. Xiitrii< 4 anh em rt sng sut.
Nguvn-hu-Dang mt lan nii li llit bi. Con ircmg
cch mang khii phai nhu* mt ci Ihaiii cho nhng
k u CO nhir Ngnyn-hu-Bang tro ln lm vng
lrm linni, cung khng phai n.h mt canh hc en.
Bang tham <*ia plOii tro a lu nhimg vi u c v
chn t ph v iu* tircmg c hi uii ne iihir vv IIII mai
ii ntun 1917 mi (tirc kt np vo ng. Nhng ri
c ru* khng thili, (lanh khng toi, Diiii sinh ra chu
nn. Co* quan. Hnh u hc v n. liL Vit-Bc, Bang
li Thmh-ha v lm qun s cho ih xiit bm
Minli-e. Trong uhini nm cui ciig ca cuc khng

47
eiiin anh (tng ca dn tc, nli u c git
om kha uug ca mnh ra c.ig hin cho s nghip
quang vinh ca T quc th Ngiivu-hhi-Baiii, vi ht
nuui c nhu, (ta nm bep, khi liot tii \ cho cch
mn, hm vo nh xut bn Minli-(te (t chia lai vi
mt ci ln. cim kh ku l gim (lc chnh tr . T
niv , Xuvn-hu-Baii (a t V b co* quan v ci
t ugv (t Danu; a xa ri hui 1114 ca Bng. Khong
nm 19.11 th Dii* ci (tt sinh hot ca Dang, l ,
khi Gmi-b khi Hu-hici, Bant lun luii chi I3nt<
4,
chi cch mng. Piiaii chai cch mn<4 ca Xuvcn-
hu-Bang mi. Dani (t Iri irch nhim vi c
quan, Dang a 1)0 quyen li ca n<, ca To quc d
i lm ci vie chia lai vi ln Tran-thieii-Bo, mt ti
t bn co* hi, bn thu.

HNG-VN
Tp chi Vn ngh
s 12 thng 5 nm 19j8

. . . Ha bnh lp li tr v -ui, Nguvn-hiru-

Bang li n * C11J4 nli vi Tnui-thiu-Ro, lc nay
liiu lui su sng lip iihui uU vn KV cc
th riru mi ioi ha v UH1 ci hang c nlin
tic tr, uhfm< ba com linh nh, nhng CUII phim
ca e quc C11 e li ri cho vay thm tin ti gi
l khon. tm m<4 tnrc ve nhun, bt. Nhng nh
VUI y tii cho 111 vn, th ca h trong nhng
lp Giai pl XIUUI, h, thu, tlag g !
Nuycii-hu-Dang l c lc t xng la ((lim
khit 1). Ci con ngiri gi l lim khit y a <c
k ht mt thn hai, r sa ht <i th tay k giy
hp (tii vi ten. Minh-Bc thng thng ly 2 0 %
v s li hu sch vi iht kiou c v la clin
nhhi tc phni thuc cc loi ixh a ng trong
Giai phm !
Chii ta, ai cung cn nh vng cui nm 1956,
tnh huh th ii c vic khU tot xv ra ;
trong nirc, Du<j lanh o gp nhiu kh khn. Nhieu
nh tir sn v mt s plin t tr thc lc hu imii
nhau CO hi, tn cn vo s lnh o ca Bng
lao ng.
6 i vi Niiyii-hhi-Daa* th tuli hnh nv l
mt C O hi tt. Cfm< I i l n r thi k sau cch mng, trong
lc C11 hot ng cho Vn ha cu quc, hn li tim
cch da vo mt s tir sau v tr thc lc hu c t
ttrng chng i, e phai c. Cng hng gv s nghip
u lo lm ln !
Tm li, Hiri la cha thy lc no hn (ti vo
vi cng nhn, ui dn ; m hn. ch c nhng quan
h, b ba vi nhng phau t lc hu u co* gian
iii, m hu nuiii ly lm ch da e hug thc liiu
ci tri ln ca hn.
. . . Xguvn-hru-Dang lp hp c nhng ngi
trong nhm Giai phm trc, v cho t bo Nlin
vn ra i.
Ci C011 niiri nii tru au c a v, lic no
cng hueah hoaii, mun (tc nhiu ngi chim
nirmi* a tnh loii khn kho khng km mt
gian thng u c hng lu thu. Hn lu niuh v...
rt vo h mt ! Sut 1)011 s bao au, niri ta khng
thy mt bi no k tn X}uyii-luru-l)iui V cuii
ci COII Hiri sut i chy llieo (lanh li viiXi, sut
i ch ni c du v , a sn. sang I1u danh Phau-

4U
Khi lm ch nhim v Trn-I)uv l tlur k la son,
chi v ci khu kho giao quvt ca n.
Ngi la khii thy tu tui Niiyn-liu-Bau
trn Iilmg s u ho Nhn vn, Iihim> chinh hn
l linh hn ca t bo. Hn tm liu, kim giy, thu
xp vic n lot v vit bi nhim<* li k ln Hiri
khc. Hn che lp nhng II*4UI1 li cliiuh, Iihii k
cung cp phng ti*ii l)j hinh Ihc i tr l nII
danh nhng iiiri J|) tin n ho c mt nhn ln
thnh im ri! Hn hp hnh l ml vi mt s nh vn
chii Bng, vi nhfrnj Iiiri t sn v tr Ihc cii
ang mun li (lng tlii c (te pht l c chinh tr.
Hn lun luii bn nnru, lp k? vi bn Truong-Tu
v.v... Hn c nhng tay chn troii mt hai (ton kch
tir nhu, mi vi c quan vn ha ca Nh nc.
Thng qua t ho <<Nhn vn , hn tr thnh mt
th lnh t ca mt bn ngi c hi, c m mu
chinh tr...
MNH-PH-T
Bo Bc lp
S 356, nRy 24-4-1958

. . . Trii-Dn vn l mt tay t cho minh c nhiu

th on. nht trong vic xi gic, li ko iig ltt hot
ii* ph hoi, \'v m c ln phi ni v Nguvii-h&u-
tuii: Nu khiig c Bttiig, khn* ai c the l|) hp
anh em circ! t>
Trn-Dn nhtr vy cho la bit plu uo vai
Ir ca Nguvn-hu-Bang lroii} nhm ph hoi "N h n
vn Giai plhm , mt vai Ir it nht cng c tili cht
quan trng khng c khng c.

50
 Troii}* ci cn ty phc tp y, cii mt mc
ch chung l chng li 'r quc, Iihn dn, chng li
ch ngha x hi, Nguyn-hu-ung c mt quyn
1c ln i vi bn ii ii. Bang nh ot tt
c mi vic theo V imiu mnh, t vic to n vic
nh, t vic nhu nh tinh hnh, ra sch lirc
kich ai, ti ko ai, ph hoi mt Iio. cho n vic m
chiu dch tuyn truvu xuyit tc tru ho, t vic quvt
nh k no C1154 khai lm llnr k ta son Nhn vn
I cho n vic <luyt, chm cc hi bo ira iu... V l
g c ci m kia li tha nhu cho Nguyn-hu-Baiig
ci quvn lc ti hu quvet nh v? laii tt c rt
nhiu th on e xy (ln<4 uy th c nhn cu mnh,
t to ra cho mnh mt tiu sir bp i Iihmj i cch
niii* lu nm > , cu l) ca phong tro c > ) li bit
cch ng b mt nhn vt hiii igunj* c c linh
mnh I), trng trn, khinh ngi, ci < >! cflii chi tut,
khin cho nhng k no d b la mt thnj* b hn
|) o v chinh phc. Tuy vy, khng phi ch c th.
Bn tln< ii* SIIV ln Ban< lm th lnh cn v nit
l nra l Biui* d 11UUI14 n clio tp on hp v mt
ci m chng rt cn thit: ml tav t chc v iu khiu
m chng tin rng Bang nht (tnh l lm c tt. u
c lnh tu ngng cung, tir Urii v chinh ph qui J,
(t lm cho hn nhu I11I eu< tc <*i eiii mun lm
thnh mt vtrii quc riii, khug chu s lnh
o, kim sot. Khii dirc tha mn l hn m ra
pli m, imru in lp b |)hi, lt ht ngi ny
n ngi n. li vv, hn cii< ngy cng lc hu
vi cng tc cch mng v rt C11C chng c lich
s !
Nhii* CIIJ4 chinh vi vv m N>uvii-hru-Baii rt
thch hp vi vai tr ch huv ca lin tronj< nhin ph
hoi Nhn Dn Giai phim , v phirtnig php hii

51
ng ca bn phin (tng ny chu yu l gy chia r
ni l), la bp <l iuii, ])linh ph* quim chng e i
(tn m num ri lon bai4 ccl lm |) lc troi v
ngoi l chc...
Ton b hoi iu ph hoi ra bn en inniu
au tch r rl
ca hu tay
V Niuyu-hu-Dam.
n *r o

Nlir-PIIONG
Sdn dn s 1520
ngV 11-5-198
 MT TN L ! BUN
CHUYN NGH U c VN NGH,
T R N - T H I U - BO

L con mt ch hng co*m (Y Thi-bnh, do la lc

gian gio, b o* bn CI11 s v quan li phong kin
tr' 11.11 iixu c, Triiii-lliirti-Bo 111 lii<;u sch Minh-
c,7 sau lai * 1)0 lien chav #*. cht
e c lm hi
vin Hi Ir the (lc (lo tn s Php lm hi trng...
...Sau Ceh niUii tliiu Tm, tliv Tlii-bnli qu
l liu, tu pln (ti Thiruv-Hao len. In-ni, ehuvn
u c troii* ihv xua han. Mnh khe u tim ca
hn l phai lm sao cho llirc (tc bit, te tn. tcr-
rt-kit Tnnni-TtVu mch lirc, bn ch l 11f t chc le
k nim V u -triT -Ph im (A Ti-trng-Phim g l ngiriri th
no v nh \ tc phm ca VMrn-Pliuii ra sao,
sau uv s irv nii (ln diTg ininli thm). Nhng
kv nim Phng ct l i' bn S (t v qung co
cho tn nh xut bn. M iil- e ...
...Klrno chin 1)11J 1IO, Thiu-Rao li ve Thi-bnh,
tan e (V iH Ivhuc uivn Tn-luni.. Hn hm lun
tim cch lui li cc co* CUUI lmli chinh, van hn, v
tunmg i (lanh lim lc mt llict vi Irini iroT, vi
khu, vi lnh < 1e x UY *1* dn ni h con l I <4 (ln...

...11)7)1, Thiou-Kio ri vo Tiumi-lm lip tc hoi

iu ph hoi, llun.1i tloan< 4 in. v* vn mt vi cun
c C011 e ly t di li lc c (ium, ct che y cho
li sng c bit ca hn cc ni nh Neo, Qun
Git, Nam-cai, v.v... Nh hn l ni hi hp ca nhng
k v t chc, ni lo, chi ng, Cung tin nham (nh
Nguyn-hu-ang) v u mi cho mt s vo t .
Ai bt mn, ai dinh t , hn u bit tnrc v ni
ra vanh vch. Nliiu Hi ng v ngun sng chnh
ca hn, v bit rng gia nh Thiu-lo lc y (t l
mi
hiu
* bun ln Nam-uh.
I

Sau ngv ha binh, tn chng cch mng Thiu-Bo

li lch thch xch ci bn con nga trng chm
(nhn hiu nh xut bn Minh-Bc) v treo ph Phan-
bi-Chu H-ni, v tip tc (ti su vo nhng hnh
ng chng ch' dn ch nhn (ln, chng ch ngha
x hi v tch cc ph hoi lin vn ngh cch mng.
Cui nm lOl, trong lc tinh hnh trong cng nh
ngoi nc ang gp kh khn, nh xut bn Minh-c
l ni thng lui ti ca mt s thnh tch bt ho,
l tr s ca cc cuc hp ra bo Nhn vn, in Giai
phm, t mi. Hn li xut tin bc, gip phng
tin in nhng th . Ngi ta ch l g nhng tn
nh Trng-Tu, Phan-Khi, Thy-An, Trn-c-
Tho, Trn-Dn, L-t, v.v... thng lui ti nh hn
v lun lun c tip i nh thng khch. Xguyn-
hu-ang tr thnh qun s ca nh xut bn Miiih-
c, v hng 20% hoa hng. Nhn lc thi cuc kh
khn, bn hn t lip mt s vn ngh s giao ng,
bt mn, di danh hiu Mnh thng qun trong
vn Iigh thc su gy vo bnh xe, gv b cnh,
&y mnh vic chia r trong ni b vn ngh. Kt hp
vi lun iu mt st vn ngh khng chin, vn ngh
cch mng ca bn Trng-Tu, Trn-c-Tho, tn
phn cch mng Thiu-Bo li dng chuyn khai thc
vn c tung nhng loi sch c hi nh Tiu sn
trng s, v.v...

54
 Trong llii k khng chiu, c mt t' bo xut bn
' Liu khu 3 , gi l Tru thiu... (ly bo . Nhiig
chuvn Iihir th?, k cn kh Iihiu ; nhng, (ty ti
ch nutii ni ln nil (tiu i trong qun< i <T vng
ca tn phn cch miit Trn-thiu-Bo. th ci c
Iihn ca hn cfm<< l)n thu, bp bm ht sc.
Qua mt vi nl lch s phn ng y, chng la
c th Ihy r lnh chl giai cp phan 1011 ca tu
phn cch mn*' Trn-thiu-lo, (tong thi CII cii
Ihni minh chng v luli chl iai cp phn (ta;4 ca
nhii tn Iroii nhm ph hoi Xlin min Giai
plh .
XUN-BA

55
 T R t r N G - T u , MT TN PHN CCH MNG
I LT M C -X T

Hai mi nm trc v, ti CUCII bit Trirng-

Tu cng nh tt c mi trng hp quen bit thng
thng. Nhng c iu khc thirn* 11 lm cho ti
phi ch Trii-Tu ngay trong nhng ngy
gp g u tin, l ci tr t l ke ra so v i hi y

cng kh re tiu m Trcmg-Tu xem nh mt

phng chm x th nn p (lung trong i
sng hng ngy, cng nh trong i sng chinh tr.
N :
1. N^U'0'i nic-xt phi ty thi thich chi.
Khi no iu kin vt cht thay i, th cch x lli
ca Hiri ia cng pli thav (ti .
2. Tl c mi thi on u tt, min l l
*

c
mc
* ch * i .
Mc ch ca i Trng-Tu l g ? Cc bn c
s i tim thy cu tr li qua mt s hin tun< k
sau y. c n nhng th on c a T r m m g - T u , thc
qu l cng xng ng vi oi V m c ch # v ci
con n g i liSng m p n.
Trrmf-Tu xut thn trong mt gia nh c mt
l lch kling r rt. Ngi ta ch l)il rn< vo
khong 1934 1935, sau khi nhng phong tro cch
m ng nh X -vit Ngh-an, cuc khi ngha Y n -b i
bi tht bi, mt nen. v n ngh lng m an t sn i try

56
ng c bn tling tr (lung (lng cho pht trrn
hn bao gi ht Vit-nam, hng ru ng ch chin
u ca biinh nii'11, thi Trir.m<*-Tu huc chn vo
l n g vn biH m l loi h i ph bnh (tii trn bo
Loa khng tic li ca 11*_' nhi)4 tc plin ca uhin
T* lc IHUI on, liu bieu r rt nlit cho nen Vin
ngh laii mn oi ln.iv v ru Mv (t. Bv khi uhiig
ch l chuvi
V bui lu au lin ve vn iv ri ca
Tnrii-TiVu. Ti nui Hi rang (ty l li (tu tien
Tnrii-TiVu a t gic hay kh t gic, em iii
bt ca mnh phc v cho ci cliiih tr cp mre
ca bn thc u.
Thi kv Mt trn (lan ch, ang Cng sn ii-
iriig p hp !19 * krc 1iriT4 vu lurv v tiu h
thnh lp mt Mt in)II cliix4 pht xit, ch i chin,
traiil v ch6 ii.fi phan, (ti- thuc (lia vi khu hicu (ti
ha hnh, t (lo, com o cho nhan (lan lao (tiig. Ilmmg
ng li ku , cc van. ngh s hoc t hoc nhiu
tiu b, t?u haii hi tham ia |)l()!ij tro. Trong khi
y tli Trm-TiVu nam im Iru ci c sp ph ca
iU, hn< G, n^v \y\\\ liu kt vi 1)011 t-rt-kit
Lcm<f-e-Thi), Thi-van-Tiun, chi (ta<f Mt tru
n ch v tiiyn. 1)6 vi xung quan.il rui vn ngh
klin<* lm cliinh r (te i s c lp ca tri thc ! .
Tir tch minh ni kli cuc tu tranh ca n. tc, v
chi vo cuc au tranh (16 m vi dm huuh hoaii
l e s c lp clio r tre , ke tli cung
liu lnh thc. Xhmii li c tlmv ch mt nm sau, ci
b mt (( tri thc ca Triron^-Tiru (la hon ton b
g* khi niri ta thay han xut u l (liu Irii mt t
bo Quc ia do hui ch lnnm. Li' (t, Mt iry.i (lau
ch s|) <
4|) birc* thoi tro, lc hn/114 tu* ban phau
ii v pht xt Php kp thi tri dy tu CII vo
Chnh ph mai trii binii (lu bn kia, Ihc l bn ny,

5'
Troiig-Tu cung kp thi tri dv theo, nh ra mt
lot bi c st mu sc chnh (r dng trn bo Quc
gia, mt mt kch Mt trn (ln ch DII{-(I irng,
mt mt khc tuyn truyn cho bn t-rl-kil phim
ng quc l, tay sai ca Ihc dn Php. kch
Mt Irn (lu ch, Trng-Tu c c mt ch
trng l vit Iihicu bi pliii vn cc ng vin CI\<
khai ca iig Oii* sn, ri xuvu lc, bp mo, ba
t, ct xn li tuyu b ca Iihug ng ch
nh thng vo tug Ci* sn l tha hip, i ci
lirng, km vi IIl ng hnh v cc ng ch ang viu
trng thc l liuii c, xu xa. T ri li, cao ch
ugha l-rt-kt, T u cng ch tnrng vit mt lot
bi phng vu bn th ln h to-rl-kt Hunh-vn-
Phirng, Thi-vu-Tun, gii thiu llin th v s
nghip I> tu trm pliiiu ng quc l T-rt-ky, ii
thiu thuyt cch mang llur<m<4 trc , ccli mng
v sn trit ca tn nv, bng ulriig l i vu
huvh hoang hag li k() nli ii phiv t giao iit
bp bnh v nh lc mc liu u tranh, ng li
cch mng ca iig trirc qui chng. N h chuyn
u c chnh tr nv, Trng-Tu t ci mc ch
gn gi uht ca i hn, l irc c nh ln v,
trn c s , Tu s dng lm bii p tiu tn mt
muc ch cao hn.
Th l n ra i chin th hai. n p, khn
b, su cao thu nng chu ln mi Iigi u.
Bng Cng sn rt lui vo hot ng b mt, thnli
lp Mt trn Vit-minh, ra ch trng on kt
ton dn nh Xht ui Php, u tranh v trang
ginh c lp dm tc. LI1 th hai, T n r ii-T u tuyn
b vi xung quanh 1'ug : vn ngh khng lm chinh
tr gi s c lp ca Ir Ihe . Song ln ny khng
chu nm im chi ng, Trng-Tu cug tn ng

58
la Nguvn-irc-Qunli i tp hp mt s vn ngh s
quen bit, li (lung s ngv th v chnh tr ca h,
llnh lp ra nhm In Thuyn. Mun la bp anh
cni, Trng-Tru nu ln ci elu bi l xv ilH4
mt nn Tu vn Hli theo irii* li ch ngha
Mc L-nin (ll Iiliin. l gia danh) ; v mun bc
lt nhng qIIv'11 li Inrc mt ca anh em, Tu lun
mm liu ln ci khu hiu gu thnh ip khc l
<( plmg s cho i ngha! (Servir la grane cause
Iiguvn vn cu ting Php ca Tu). Ci i ngha
phi k n u lin trong giai on. Iiy ca Tu,
l ngha thy tr gia hn vi tn trm mt thm Ct-
s (Cousscau). Khi m thy ci tn Trn.g-Tu la
Iih phn nc hi dn, Ct-s (t c cng gv li
uy tn cho Tu bi cch Cm T u khng c vit,
ri cho Tu hi sinh di ci bit hiu nghe c v thng
thi l Ngun-bch-Khoa. Khi m c H-ni lc by
{i', cc nh xul ban tiu thiu giv in, thi Ct-s
c hit cp cho Iili Hn Thun chng nhng giy
in, m cn tha em bn ch en lv tin b li,
tung ra nhng loi sch gi l mc-xt thc ra
l phn ii* ca bn t-rt-kit Lng- c-Thip, Thi-
vn-Tam, Xuyn-t-Mv, Nguyn-hi-u, v nhiu
nht i ca Nguyn-bch-Khoa, (nh Nguyn-Du o
Truyn Kieu, Hai b Trnq...) Iihtn chng li tinh thn
dn tc ca ta imii c Mt trn Vit-minh hi sc
tl cao, nh ng chi Hoi-Thanh d vch r. Hi Nht
thuc, ci i ngha ca Trng-Tu l b Php
toan theo ui Nht. V hnh ng, chinh hn thnh
lp ra ci <*i l Liu on nhmg ngi vit bo
lc-b , mt t chc thn Nht, v chnh hn gi
in vn ng h chinh ph b nhn Trii-trng-Kim
ng chng li Mt trn. Vit-ininh. v lun iu,
chi cn nhc lai ml cu chuyn k lm thi cng

59
 t r ci < ri ngha D m Tu theo ui n Ib n;\o.
Hi thng 6-1915, v b thua trn cc mt trn, nht
1I v la hot ng mnh, pht xit Nht cng ra sc
lng bt khng b thanh nin cu quc ni ngoi
thnh. Ha s Xguvn--Cung v li c gp Trmrng-
Tu thut li vic ny. Tu tc lm p : < f (li
th cho cht ! Don thng khoi ci kh, tii* cinVi
m chng ti n. tn gi mi klii n l' li vn cn
thy n rn rn bn tai nh ca mt tu Iruti mt
thm thc th.
Mv ntm sau, qu nhin nhng ci <
ti ngha y> ki?u
nh triMi m Triron-Tru la bp ht irih 0111 plii*
s ) , em li cho gia (tnli Tu cu mt nh xut
bn v nh in Hn Thuyn m n unv mi khi nhc
ti, nghe u Tu vn. lv lm khoi tr i; v om
li cho nhng anh em khc mt t tirng tor-rSt-kl
v cng nguy him, cng thin mi cm gic ca ng i
va l) mt cp gia ban ngy.
... Cch mu< thn** Tm thnh cii, cnj* lm cho
Trirng-Tru l mt phn nc lri (ln h(m na. Lm
th ha, Tu vit trn bo Vn m i do nh ln Tnvn
ti bn, hi Tuvn ngn c lp ca tri thc (ti V
vn nhai li luu iu cfi : ngi tr thc 11111n11 (Tc
c lp suy ngh th khng nn lm chin.il tr , nhm
mc ch ph hoi phong tro cu quc l mt nVini
v trung tm trc mt lc chinh quvn mi v Inv
nhn dn ta. Ri H-hu-Tng ra Bc, ln lt gp
Tu hn tnh m mu. Nliv ra thnh lp y lum Y11
ha Ic-b hng tranh inh nh lnriig vri Hi vn
ha Cu quc kling xong, Tu xut ban cun 'iriH
lai nan tqh Vil-Iiam gieo rc clit men bt phuc
ng v phn khng f> chinh th dn ch nhn dn,
lin kt vi ha t-rt-kil Lirng-e-Thip, Nuvcn-
hi-u, v mt s sinh vin cm tnh t-rt-kit, gii

60 '
truyn, don r Hch-mai si tiC cng nhn v snh vlti
kli lon, (iiiTa lc iui v Chinh ph la ch Ircm
Irul mi klii*u khel ca qun Quc (lu u Tirn
(ii-tlieli, vi (ie (lo pliU khi ri vo mi m mu
cu (le (UC M, llc (lu Plip mun tr li Dng-
(lirono,
i 1 li Tnr<m>-Tti
n tim<r>4 ra ci luauiu
' khiu khch
ca Ilo-lu u-lru l phi (t)ih Tinmg (iii-thch, v
(la vo Mv . (itra lc chii la eu tp hp n< ao
nhn (ln e tiu mnh tru con (tirii cch liii* (lu
tc u ch lc (16, th Trinni-Tiru v l) l eluri ta
l cai linmi, l tha hip, v ku go phi tin ngay lu
ceii nin^ x lii ch RLla, phi cch mii v sau
trit e, phi chia ntav ruiu l cho (lu cv, V. V...
T tu li,7 lon l Iihiiu
n th (oaii , chinh tr khiu khch
phiu luv, nu khng nham |)iin ha chia r nhn lm,
thi cui nham 1)1011 (ln tc Viet-nam thm mt liu na
l m m i J4on
o c h o 1)011 n
ic.
Khii chin ton quc. C ngi thv Trinmg-Tiru
tlu'() ui irv c h n minVi Iinin ciliiL l mt ieu k la.
Ti th ti mun inl liiiTrc li van e: Tnrng-Tu
theo kliuu chim c phai l thc lm tn thnh
cuc au lran.il ii phu (ln lc ca cliiH ta, hav
cn v mt mc icli khc na? C llc rng trong
khng eliicn, sc qut khi ca ton u ita lm cho
nhfni lun. iyu v bnl (i ph hoi ca Tririi-
Tu chiu np xunj chiu sau mt phan. no, nlnn
khiL phai vi Uk: m ii khiu> llurni* bicu l : chng
li ch th ca (la pliu\m<4 iii tu cc ch* e trnh
inv hav <lich oanli lc ; (liu qun, i nhn, n tu l hv
sinli m <|un<i ); hi hc |>hon<4 tro thi ua i quc ;
niul (lanh nhfm<4 cn h khng chiu l mt iai cp
eirn<4 ho ii ; \ l) phi, chia re, Uivn Iruven
clin lan.il (to troi m sinh vin InnViu* (l b Bi
hoe
Tiianli-lia ; cii'4o kluii chiH
o thu v chi cu b

61
thu nn b nng (ln a phng in ra hi ti,
v th m Tririi-Tu chun b vo thiuili, v vn
vn... Phi vch thii* ra rng sut chiu nm khii*
chin, Trng-Tu ng Iru lp trng ca bn
cp mrc phn bi li quven li ca (lu tc troii
ca chin nm th mi ng hu.
Ha binh lp li, khi nhii (ir vaii ca chin
thng tin-bin-ph lm cho bn quc huiii
hng nht CII phi gc gi ci u, lli lii tay cliii
kluj4 di i m khii lm np ml b <t ch i mt
thi c mi. Thi c y d (lu vi Tioii-Tiru : (t
l lc <v ugoi nc, c nliu s kiu phc lp, v
tron nc, chng ta irii J*p nhicu kh klitn. Trng
b ngoi m ni, y l mt dp bo I)|V Iihl cho 1)011
u c chinh tr e thi th ra mi th (toiiu h!i< t
c ci mc ch cui cng ca Iihug cuc i y
kht vng iu cung. Th l Trirng-Tirii li him"
h XII* ra phi Iriu nhii lun diu ph ho s
trii vi c mt hn Ih i cp (irc mii dirang
t inv chc nm ve trc.
Cho Iii klin.j plii l iiu nhin m Trircm-
Tu a luim gia bn cam au nhm Nhn on
Giai phm # ; phn cng nhau chui vo ph ri mt
s cc c quan Nh mrc v (ton the nh trng Bi
hc, cc ngnh iih thut, Hi Iih vn ; da vit nhng
bi xi gic tri thc v vn ngh s chng (li li chnh
tri, cling i lan.il o, tip tc ico rc ci t tirn*
( bt phc tng v phn khii* >> vi clic (t chng ta
nh Trtrn.-Tu vit troii Giai phm ma iu.
Khii phi ngu nhin m Tnrng-Tii tui4 ra nhii
tin lc hon ton ba dt, no (V Lin-x sp xt li v
T-rt-ky ; Truii-quc sp xt li v H-Phong;
Vil-nam sp xv ra mt cuc bin i cu bn (!) Cuii<
khng phi ngu nhin m trong khi giii dy tririig

02
Bai
hc,
hoc
* ni chuyn
* vi Iihtit
o sinh viu tlin
cu, Tririij-Tiru (tua ra mt m l hum chnh tr sc
mi t-rl-kt Iiu kliii* In kiu gin (tip : no <
r giai
cp cng nhu sp lu:l Vii tr sn xut, qun i sp
ht vai tr chiu (tu troii thi i tiuvcn t ny .
t lm '\> 111*11 khnj nham lm t lit V chi u tranh
v sn xul ca cc lan'* lp C O biui troii nhn (lu
ta? V to tii lion, tron ni khi nhn (tinh v con Ui
mi e hiin UiYMV cho mt so sinh vin v vn ngh
s bi han la l)i|), Tnrij-Tiru (t dm ni rng con
Iiiri mi hiM nay phai lnn.j (lu th chng thu mua,
th n thi diiY mu dch, tri thc tli clu sc lut bo
chi, qun. (ti lli chti k lut % r rng l mt khu
hiu phin dng phn nl V thc ticu cc ca b phn
phau ng Iroii it cp Ur sn nntii chng li cch
mng x hi ch Hha ! Cho n 11 , cng khng phi l
Ru Iihin m Truxmg-TiVu cu kt cht ch v i
nlnrii ln pliu cch inmi lu i LMiati-Khi, phn
ng u s XgUYn-hthi-Baii, mt s vn ngh s a
lc c ve... COI1 Hiri 9 ln vi t tii chnh tr v
ve quaii iem Uli thut Tru-Dn, L-Bt..., cuug
n h T u a Iioe cht ch vi lu Thi.iv-Au, T r ii-
l)v, mt con m v mt ln lay sai Iruti thui ca
quc, e choii (ti li ch min lc chui tu
c t chc, c ch tnnrii dirii li, c phi hp hnh
ng vi M Dim mieu Xam nhu* la thy trong
thi o
<nan trc v...
*

BI HUY-PHN
Vn ngkf s 12 thng 5- 1958

t>3
 i * . i i cha mun su VO nhimg hot (u*
chin.il tr ca Tr ii* -T u thi hy i, CUII cha
m un ni nhiu ve Iiiiiq l)i ca T rin n i -T u (t cao
T-rt-kv, cao bn t-rt-kit v tlii kch Bang trn cc
bo ulnr Quc gia, Thi tli L c by l lc tag
Oiq sn. Diii-mm ku gi mi tng lp nhn dan
k c t sn, Ihiili lp Mt trn u ch e i t
do dn ch, chng phau ng thuc a. K plit
xil Nht trn vo tii-truj, Dang li ku <{i ton
dn tp hp trong Ml trn Vit-miuh e nh Php,
ui Nht. Tru\mj-Tihi v 1)I t-rt-kt kicli Bi*,
cho l Bng i vo con irug ci lug, con
irTLg (ln tc, khm* cn l tMi ccl mng na.
M a ra kliau hiu thiili lp mt trn cng iiig,
c v cch mng lm. Nhirii mt khu hiu nh th
nn 1 ra iix lc mi lc hrn u tranh cn phi
ch a vo ha phau (lng thuc ia v bn pht xt
chinh l chia r hu l ngu cch niii, i iiirc li
Ciiven l i ca cii niLg. Trn. Ihc t bn h u
l bn ph hoi cch mng. Nguy trn a ht hc
tlut VII ch<mj, mt iu ang cln V l gia lc
Baag pluit ng phoii iro nh IMip ui Nht, gia
lc l i t ho (lan tc l ieu li eaueho cch mng
th nhm Hu TUIVU (lo TrirJi<-Tu
n (tiu khin. iu
ru nhng quyea sch ca Xguvu-t-M bi nh Hai
Trng, iihn vi anh luii (ln. tc v quvn sch
ca XguyLi-hch-Klioa hi nh Truyn Kiu mt gi
tri lm ca V11 ha (lu tc. B ieu iiuy hieni l li
iili ii dmiii ch ngiin Mc m bi nh.
...dch mng thng Tm thnh cng ngy 19-8-1945.
Ha liu sau, vo Mhv 10-9-1913, Tririi-TiVu xut bn
quveii T<ni<i lai van qh Vii-Htni' Trong (Livu sch
c ii Iilir Iroi l i ta, hon lon klii c lv mt l i
ni (ti Cch mang thugTm. Trai li T r o iig -T u lu u

6i
uii ni (tu (f ci hm nay en t v cht h p c h i n h
gia lc dn ta sau tm mi nm n l ti tm, aivg
vm<4 (v trong iili s\j tng btrng ca mt thi i
mi. Quan, ieni van ihv ca Trng-Tu trong quveu
ny l mt ([uan. im phn (ii. Trong s cc nh
van, nh tir tirm m Tririi-Tu e cao, bn cnh Mc,
a^-ghcn, L -n iu , T n - s l i C11 c c M a u -r (.
Malraux), P-lil-ui- (Charles Plisuier), Git-t (Andr
Gidc), Trn c-t. Tririig-Tu nhc i nhc li li
Git-o* khuyn. cc nh vn, ah ngh s hv gieo rc
vo tm tr mi ugircVi cht men bt phc tii v
phan khng . Phn khii ai? Phn khn ci ?
Qiuuiim vn ngli av lui vo trong mt quaII Iiiin
m h ve th bn l chuvn nguy hiein, trong hon
cnh cch mng va ginh c chinh quven va taug
phi ircmg u vi th trong gic ngoi, vi mt mui
i kinh n^iri v cc th kh khii, thi mt quau
(lim vn nh nh vy ro rng l phn ng. Ci
nuv him l n li khoc mt ci o rt cch mng.
Theo Tnrn-Tu, Tm vn. iih phai c 1)011 yu t l :
cch miu, qun. chii', x hi ch uglia v klioa hc.
Tuyt nliia, Tririi-Tirti khng ni u v11 to dn
lc. Be thc hiu (tirn li vn IIlh y, Trirng-Tu
ch trng thnh lp mt on Tu vii ngh khiig
chiu s lanh o ca mt ng no ht, m ch c Ihe
hp tc vi cc (lng chnh tr <( mt cch han hu .
Ch trug v t chc ny cng nhir quan im cho
vn ngh l cht men bt phc Um< v phn khRg
phi dt 11 vo hon eiih hi thiii 9-1945 mi thv
ht ci tc hi ca u. Gia lc Baii ang ra sc lp
hp lc hrii ca mi tii lp uhu (ii chin u
vi qun th, mt ch Iririi nh vv Iht l nguy
hiem. Nhirag kin ny ca TnrR - Tu ve ng
li van Uh, ve t chc vn nghe sau ny hiu
li iguvn liiuh trong Giai phm. cung l mt ieu

63
nn ch thy nguyn nhn su xa cua Nhn vn
Giai phm. Nguvii nhu y dt khot khng plii l
nhng sai lm ca chng ta m chinh l nhiig tir
tirii phim (lng vn c t lu ca ilumg ngtri cam
u Nhn vn Gia/ phlm...
... Khng chiu ton quc biii n. Tro m hoii
cnh kh khu chuii, Dug v Chinh pli vn ht sc
sn sc, gip d' Tnrm-Tu tham khii chiu.
Trc p lc ca khng chiu, iihhiL tir tirU i icli
vi aag vc vn. ngh v chinh tri c bi (111 li IroiiL
con miri T n n m g -T u , nhng chira he sp , v
Trirug-Tru thiu tinh than. Li lc tht s e ci lo
mnh, thiu khiin tn hc tp, thiu dhi* cm nhn
trch nhim, tch cc tham gia v i su vo Ihc te
chiu au, siiix xut ca qun chng cng nii binh.
Qua ngu ng, c ch hui ngv cung ulnr qua cc
bi vit, bi lia, nhung lir tirg cu vn bc l kh r.
Nhn lc ii gp kh khn, lon l) con Uiri
c ca Tririi-TTru li vng (v hun <4 hm hu hao
gi* ht. Ut c v bi chiih Iiha ca cch niug n
p, thi ca LI lc ny l mt thi phc th.
Gig ni ca n l mt iii Hi hn hc. Civ mt
kiu vi cc loi (( con igiri )> vng iv trong m
Nhu van Giai phm v c le cn mt mc cao
hn a. s llrug con ngi kiu y, 11 cung i
c ((lm iinVi , trc <
r l mnh )), Hlia l dirc
kch Bii tiu phong v chnh quyn. cch mng. Trong
ba tp Giai phm lin tip 11 kich thm t vo ton
b cii 1> Bii ph trch cng tc vn iih, ph Iihu
tinh chai mc-xit, 1ixli cliat v sau ca Dug. vu mt
li huuh hoiiU v bp bm cu, 11 lm nh ch c
11 nii l trit de cch mng. Mt ml 11 b}) 11100,
ba (lt s vic e vu khng... Mt mt khc ii xuyn
tc li ni ca cc luh t. x trch du li Mc

66
kieh chinh quvcu phn (lng cu (t gin tip ( kch
chnh quvn la. L-nin nu nguvn tc s nghip vn
hc phi thnh mt b phn trong ton b s nghip
ca giai cp v S?UI, phi Ihnh mt ci bnh xe nh
v mt ci dinh c irong 1)0 niv cch niug. K
L-niu nhc i c im ca vn. hc khiu vn. hc
khng th rp khun vi nhng h phn khc trong
s nghip Bng ca giai cp v sn. Nhng sau khi
nhc n. c iu 111 Ca vn hc, L-nin li chi r
nhng c im v khng lt c uguvii tc
liu trn kia, l s nghip vn. hc nht nh phi l
mt b phn, cii lc ciui Bng gn. cht vi cc b
phn, khc 0 ). Trtmg-Tu khng h nhc n phn,
ctu v phn cui trong on vn ny m tch riug
ci cu ni v c iem, liu cu y ln lm tiu
v nhc i nhc li, lm nh l phn chinh trong
kin L-nin.
Song song vi ci li (lng ctimg, vu khng v, ci
l i Irich (lu gian di y, Trug-Tu ra sc phnh
nnh vn ngh s , biu vn n.gli s thnh mt th
ngi tri cc k sng sut v kch thich cc th t
tng v hot ng v chnh ph bug cch cao
ci diig cm kch vo ng, vo ch ...
HOI-TIIANH
Vn ngh s 11, thng 4-1958

(1) Xem c on vn ny ca L-nin trong quy&n TS chc

Sng v vn he tng Nh xut bn S tht, H-ni.
X MT TRIT G I A PHN BI CHN L s
TRN-BC-THO

T h o thng t kiu v? ti hc, v hot ng chinh

tr ca Tho khi cn nirc ngoi. Tht ra thnh
ticli y>hc thut cung nh thnh tch)) chinh tri c a
T h o Plip trc (ty, nhn li ton l nhng tliuli
tch bt ho. Mt gc r dn tc, T h a o ch say m
vi vn ha I v - L a , vi trit hc duy lm t P o - la -
tng n He-ghen, vi nhng phng php suv lun
tru tng hnh Ihc. Tr n 11 m n d ca Giang p u
X c , T h o tham gia nhng hot ng vn h a v
chnh tr phn ng ca Iihin Thi ii, do X c ch
huy, nu cao thuyt sinh tn mt thuyt phui ii
v trit hc v chiih tr, ch vcu uhm chng li p h o n g
tro cng sau cc nc phng T y . Di chiu bi
sinh tii v>, iitri la thay tp hp mi h n g ph
hoi, t-rt-kt v chnh ph cng mi c su a v
chnh tr.
Nm 1 9 4 4 - 1 9 4 5 , Tho cung c tham gia phong Iro
yu nc ca Vit kiu (V Php lc ; T h a o c ln
khoe s tham gia ca Tliao khc hn s tham gia ca
mi ii. Khc th t: khc * ch trong khi mi iirtVi
Rg p phan mnh mt cch gin (i, i nhiii, th
T h o lim cch bc loa tuu Irucu, e cao uy tiu c
nhn, bt chp irng li v mc tieu u tranh chung,
bt clip li ch chung, bt chp c s tht, gay chia

68
 re lung tung trong ni h phong tro Vit kiu, lc
y nhiu khuynh IunVng chinh tr khc nhau; Tho ln
la, tm n tt c cc nhm... ii gn nhm ny Hi
xu nhm n, Tho kim cch lm cho cc uhm nghi
k nhau tt c cng tin Tho, phc Tho. Th on
chia r khiu khch v l th on 1)011 t-rt-kit quen
dng v sau ny Tho li dng trong gii vn ngh v
tr thc (Y ta, t hoi Nln vn Giai pim . Ngay t
nm 1915 Tho cng kch nhng ngi em t tiig
mc-xt truyen b cho kieu bo cng nhu, cho rug
cng nhan khng c vn ha khng tip th c, hay
tip thu 111V 11C th < r nguy him ... (!) Cn i
vi ng cng sn Plp, th Tho c mt lp lun
phn ng rng, Bng Php, tuy c uy tin. y, nhng
trnh l lurL inc-xit kh lng cao, v hu ht nhng
cng v cao tron.fi Bng u do cng nhn nm (!).
Khi phi on ca Chinh ph ta sang Php m phn
nan 1916, th gia s vui sng phau khi chung ca
Vit kiu (tc tip xc vi phi (ton, Tho a t ra
rt bc bi ; iu (1? hicu : Chnh phu ta ku gi
tri thc Vit-nam Php ni sc cng tc vi phi on,
nhng Tho klng hng lng lm vic vi cirng v mt
chuyn vin vn ha. Troii* lic bao nheu Vit kiu
phn khi mun c (tom kh nng ca mnh gip
* Iihiing i biu chan chinh ca T quc th Tho
hc hc vi phi on, ( kch Vit-minh ng ch
hi l t chc quan, chng ca Vit kiu by gi v
kch Bng cng SUI Php. Tiio vu khng ng cng
sn Php c au c (: quc thc (lan (!), ph bng
chinh sch ngoi giao ca ta m Tho cho l u hng,
phn hi (!). Xi v5 hip c s l) 6-3-19-16, Tho (
ph la vi h lu t-rl-kit, chng li Chnh ph ta
v a llit ra nhung li tha m th b, rt hn xc
i vi cc lanh t ca ta,

69
 T tr i, nhng hnh (tng v ch trng ca
Thao nht nht u rp khun theo nhng hnh ng
v ch trng ca 1)011 l-rt-kit i lp vi c quan i
din ca Chnh ph ta *Bhp cing nh vi phong tro
qun chng ca Vit kiu Php. T chng i, Tho
chuyn sang ph hoi. Tho chv theo bn t-rt-kit
ni xfu khng chin v tig viu cng sim, tp hp
nhrrn.g phan t' ht mn hay km gic trong Vit
kiu, tung ra nhiou lun iu vu co t chc ca chng
ta, xi gic mi s ngi gav kh khn cho nhng ngi
c trch nliim, tav chay i chc ca chng ta. Bn
t-rt-kit, a c ln gv mt v mu th thm
tri Ma-c, gn. Mc-xay, e e da nhng kieu bo
ng h khng chin, khin hng chc lvu ho b llit
mng, hng trani kieu bo khc bi tn ph, thng tt.
Nhiu ngi (t ln ting ni rng khng phi la Tho
k h n g c trch I ih i m t r o n g v khu k h cli hn
thu ny.
*

Nam 1018 tri thc Vit kiu v11 nc gia nhp

<rVan ha ln hip ; Thao c hot dng it nhiu trong
t chc ny. Mc (l qu kh Trii-c-Tho c nhfmg
vic lm khn.f tt, nhng i chc Vit kiu ca ta cung
a ri lng tip nhn Tho tr lai. Song chng hao
lau Tho li tr mt. irc s y nhim ca Mt trn
Leir Vit, nm 1949, Vit kiu a t chc mt Dou
i biu tham d i hi ha bnh th gii lan (tu
tiu trieu lp Pa-ri. irc c tham gia on i l)iu
ta trong i hi, Tho li dng danh ngha
cm u mt s phn t m 111 ac ngoi gy
chuvn rc ri i hi, vu khng i biu Liu-x
v i biu Php l phim bi cc dn tc thuc a.
Tho vn. (lng cc i bin Vit-nam ly chay Bi
hi. Tho a tht bi trong v ph hoi nay v bui
cui cng ca ai hi, ln th lanli ti cao t-rt-kt

70
by gir l Ph-rng, 3 ich thn ln vo hi trng
ln liii quy ri, hng g- li tht bi, nhng li cng
tht bi thm hi.
t lu sau, Tho i c cung cp hng thng mt
s tm nm Php nghin cu l lun, ra ch
trng gi v cho Trung ng ng ta (!). Li yu cu
l bch v v l y khng c chp thun, Tho rt
bt binh. Sau mt thi gian, Tho xiu v nc. Tho
ni vi hai gio sir L-vSn-Thim v Nguvu-Ion. (ti
rng: Bn cng sn thng th r i; tr thc chng
ta phi v nc m cng thng vi h mi c, ko
h cim< c a v th chng ta khii cn chen chn
c na! 9 Cu ni l mt phn no ng c
ca Tho v nc, khng phi cng ton dn nh
gic m chnh l tranh ginh a v, (iuian b cho
nhng num en. li. . . Trc khi v nc (t gy
thm uy th lm vn chnh tr v sau, Tho
lm mt vic chng tlim tho g. B l v kiu Ging
Pn Xc.
Xc c ngh vi Tho v mt mn khc na,
ba thy tr cng, vit chung mt cuii sch. Sch son,
c na chng, Xc thy trnh km, c sch , thi
lhn xut bn na. Tho cav c v va mt n., va b
ch, bn. tuug d lun rng mnh tranh lun vi Xc,
Xc thua nn khng (lm xut bn sch v i kin
'c hi thirii.
Vit kiu Php (t nghi Tho ng kiu v v
kiu khug da tr11c s g vng chc, hn na cn
v mt l chnh tr : Xc tuy l mt Irit gia phn ng,
iilurii'' va nhn riig vo hm< ng ca nhrrrt* ngi
.u tranh i gii phiu Hii-r Mc-tanh, chm dt
chii tranh <v Vit-nam, liu d sao cm<* l mt i
tii cu tranh lli. Nhirug Tho c quan tm * (tu
l-i ch chnh tr chung, m ch thy y c dp thu

71
dt thm mt gia thoi mra v mnh, c kin ly oai
v (l v nc, c th ni l m kin Xc !
V nc, Tho vn chng no tt v. cng tc
no cii hm hc ve danh, v li, i n u cing
ban khon a v, so b, i hi, ganh g. Thy mnh
khng gip khng chin c l bao, ng le Tho phai
t muh c #tug, ihimg trai li Tho li thc mc vi
lnh o, cho liih o khng nh gi ng hc
thut ca mnh, khng cho mah gi chc v < xrru
m* ! Lc v, igiri ta mi ch nhn thv (tu c
t ph, c nhu ca mt rtgiri tri thc lc hu,
ch cha nhu thv ht bm cht t tcmg v chnh tr
cua hao.
____9 r i i *

Ha bnh lp li, c b nhim lm gio s i

hc, ri c ct nhc, ln mt cng v ltth o
i hc, Tho vn cha va , Tho khng chu irc
l li lm vic tp th ca ta, khc t s lanh o
ca Bng, mun ton quvti honh hnh ' i hc,
ko b ko cnh hng biu i hc, theo chnh li
ca bn Tho, thnli mt pho i ring.
Tham vng ca Tho khng phi ch ng khung
trong nhm (tia ht vn ha, o (lc, khoa hc. Tlio
vn, khng a cii* tc ging dy v coi thng v tri
x hi ca my anh gio qun , d l gio s i
hc. Tho mun nm ly (ti hc ct (t nm ly mt
b ^tu qimu trng eagii tri thc, nm ly siuh vin
v thanh nin tr tlic.
. . . . Ma thu 1956, Tho tirug thi c n.
T s 3 tr i, bo Nhn vn cliuyii hii* sang chinh
tr mt cch r rt. Bi N( lc pht trin t do (ln
ch ca Trun-c-Tlto, ng trong s y, ni u s
chuyn hng v c nhm Nhn vn coi nh ciriig
lnh ca mnh.

72
 Vai tr quvt (tnh cm Trn-ctc-Tho trong s
chuvn. hng cii Uv cm trng trn ca bo Nhn
vn sang chnh tr pliim (lng cng lvhar, khng phi
l mt ieu pliR on. Trong th gi hi ngh hc
tp ca trirmg i hc, To&ng-Cum troag ban thng
trc ca ho Nhn vn, c vit : o'Nh(n vn t s
1 en s ), c <'<n<j i su vo con irng phn

ng v chnh tr : nht t s '/ fh n ri ci

mt n vn nqh ra roi. Ti n h rt r : trirc s h,
irong mt bbi hp nha Trn-DuI , 55 n q T r n -
qunc-Ton, /m Ti //V/I Tr-vc-TIio h hp. F/
e /l/H (i do Tran-Duy nru ra l : ta nen cian b ci
hng s //r //?(> no ? 3/ .s //nr Trn-Dm v ti
pht bieu ( : tluh mi vi bi ve do dn ch IhL
Trn-c-Thia ni: Ti thay can phai b vn f vn
nqh i : nen cn thi rit bt c sng tc, e bn nhiu
ve chinh tr. Phi chuyn manh sang cc vn (? chnh
tr , v tnh lnh tronq rc v l c nlrii ci m i
c li cho f a (!). Ti khnq ln thnh rt bt snq
tc. Tran-e-Tho tr l i: C phi rt bt vn nqh ;
vn nql phi phc v chnh tr...)).
Trm-e-Tlio * troii i hc v ngoi i hc
lc no cuug ln ting i tr cluvn mn. cho chuvn
mu, i Irc xnal cliuh tri ra khi a ht ca chuv11
mn., ni chiiyeu mn. l tir)*ug lii, chnh tr l qu
kh )). Vy m (Vni b nhm Nhn vn, Tho ch trirag
vn Il pli phc v chnh ///, Diu y c iia
l Tho khn<4 phai chni (IKIII ctieni chinh tri lanh o
chuyii nia m l chii cliiili tJ' cch mU lanh o
ch uy>11 niu, Nh vv, (li chiu l)i iv chuyn mn
cho chuyn mn 1 t ng Xam-Ohut en U Tho,
m Nhn vn ni rng (tem chuya mn i chi vi

73
chnh tr, m thc t l em ci chinh tr phn ng,
phn quc i chi vi chinh Ir cch mng yu uc
m thi.
Qua th ca Hong-Cm v qua nhiu ti liu khc
na, ta thy ng li chnh tr ca nhm Nhn vn l
do Trn-c-Tho trc tip v ch yu vch ra...

PHM-HUY-THNG
Bo Nhn dn
Ngy 4-5-1958

74
 MT NH NHO T I T TH O : PHAN-KHI

N m 1 9 1 0 , Php b sa l y trong c u c chin, tranh

Y chu u, dung mi thi o n l y ca v ly ngi
nc ta a sang P h p e ch n g vr q u n c.
Ngay t bui u mt mrc, mi th khng i
tr i ch u n g vi thc dan m c h y trong lng ngi d n
V i t-n a m . Hng s phu cho n c tru nh hn nht
nh Nguyn khng th khng tliav mi hn th trong
n h n dn. T h i-P h i ii v T r n -c a o -V n bt lin lc vi
v u a D u v - T n ri cng mu tinh cu c khi ngha. Nhng,
c k phn bi ngm bo cho P hp, nn khi v u a
D u y - T i ban m h mt va ra khi thnh Hu th b
bt. P h an -K h i cng l mt ngi trc tham gia trong
v i c tho t chiu ch ca D uy-Tn. gi cho c c nhn
s y u nc cr Qung-nnm v Q ung-ngi, th sau
l i b o cho ti q u a n cai tr P h p v tng c tuh bit
tng cng.
N h n g ln lp c n g n y hi m u n , v ti chng
bit vic y t trc. Du sao P hp cung tm cch
v v khen thrng mt ngi c cht ting tm l
nh nho kh tit v i ci u lm ci vic ph&n
ph c nh Ih.
S phu cng thy th ghttt v khinh b khi thv sau
t lu Chug-I)n (tc P h a n -K h i) c thc dn
v v r a mt. N m y l nm 1 9 1 7 , P h p ang cn dc
ht n h n hrc,
* *
vt
* lc
c a cc nc thuc
ia
cu

75
 n c m . n g - n g l c h u n h k h n g c n
c phng th bng qun s na. ch cn vi nghn
tn linh Php lm ci vic canh gc n tri v
dinh th cho chng. M, mrc ta th ci khng khi
phc quc vn bng bng cha l) (lp tt lm cho l
cp nc lo lng v cng. Nhng tn Irni llurc dn
An-be Xa-r v trm mt thm Mc-tv n.<*b ngay c
mt diu k: Dng vn thav v. Clui lin s (hm<
l y t tri thc trung thnh nh Nguym-b-Trc,
Phm-Qunh, Nguvu-vn-Viih tu<* cirrmg ci'
cuc tuyn truyn la di nhn dn hii sch bo.
Phan-Khi c Mc-ty gi ra lm vic cnli n
v vit bo Nam-phong.
Trong phng kn, Phan-Khi hng ngy (t lm
vic g cho Mc-ty ngy cng c tia (lm* hn ?
Phan b mt t gic mt s nhn s vu lur v !)
mt hin nnru dp tt phong tro cch mng. Phan lm
ci vic nm giu tav, khng thII hnh l liu (ti
d hng hoc bt nhng ngi cch nn nh Xuyn-
b-Trc v S-Cung lc y.
Khu thuyt v hng, lm nhng vic hi du hi
nc m li phi tang ngay iih th, Phan, ly lm (tc
sch lin, cho rng thiu li kl c th t co (Unc
ti c ca mnh. Trong lc tr tu hu, hay hn cnh
bn n, (ti khi Phan cao hng cn l phu, t kiu
l mu s ca ca quyn, l mt nhu vt ca thi
cc. Hn na, i vi nhng ngi khn. bit ln
hnh ng b mt y, Phan-Khi khIV'' nhng ln mt
hay ch m cn hm mnh l mt nh nho khi
ti . S (l Phaii-Khi cu (lm hnh (liu (tc Iilir
th, l v ]inf* vic nh nhuc kia cli c mt s t
ngi v il bo hoc nh ilio cch mu'4 bil riii4 vi
nhau, khng cng b cho (Ur lun. r, s mang ha vi
l thc dn cm qun. Chng gi kn nhng chuyn
l thnh nhng bi mt quc gia ca chng. f i cl
nh mt lii c L.D., mt nh nho c tham gia phong
tro 3ii<f-(lu v vii ho, sau khi k cho ti nghe
nhiig vic l) 111 t mt ca Clurng-Dn, dn i
(ln li ti : Ch nn l cho ai bit m thm ly.
Minh bit vi nliu nlur ti phng hn khi c
vic gi xui chm, lY Iroii lic chuvn tr vi hn
thi. Ngi khc bil khu* li g. Mt Ihm nh ri
v ch dm 11 clic ch cho chng tht chu o
y. V nliiu lan cc c T.K., ILQ.,T.., V.H. l nhng
nh n.ho hot i cch mng v bi y Gii-o
ve, mi khi ke li chuva cu tr ca Chirng-I)n
tlurii cung iliui I11 >iri nghe khng ni ra ugo. Do
(t, (lu* luii nhu (iL t hicl v Phau-K hi m i c the
lm b (( kh lit (tirc mai vi nhiu ngiri.
I) hung hl khn kho (tu au i na th trong
ci vic
lm tn<4 o klxai l vit bo chi hi ,* Phau-
Ivhi cU]; ki the che noi ci u v tri tim bn
thu ca V. Nhu* trii (t Hi, Xa-r v Mc-ty ch trng
ui sch bo 1*11 ng v lm hen la di nhn dn ta
e (tnli lc hircVi<4 (lu ranl. v lm tmi r phong tro
ccli inii<4 hoi . (liuii cho xut bi* tp Au chu
chin. s, i)n.4-(hnm <4 tp ch, Tnmg-Bac tn vn, Lc
tni.il tu van, Xam-phom tp ch, v.v... c hit l tp
chi NUi-phoii (lo Pbm-Ouvii v Nguveu-h-Trc
lm ch nhim v eli hil, lp c nhiu cng ln
vi bn. tur) n.irc, 11.lun l lm Ru nhiu ti c ulil
i v T (IIc9 vi (loni bo. Plum-Ki duig
tav vo ulm.^ li c v. Ti ch k mt vic lm thi d :
Thc (iAii a om hm vn dng ho la stmg
n cho en, (la ]\\i\ inrn triu bc bc lt hng
su cao, thui' Hu, iyunu> lm tham ca elun cng
vi mu m 1|) ci Cll l* Vit-giau cn ra ci th
oan
V vl ht lien. hnc
f ca uc ta bn
o cch t

77
cuc cng thi. Phmi-lh c thm dp t lng trung
thnh bo p (( mu quc .
Troii tp chi Nam-|)hon<f, y vit nluTii* hi van,
v b i th l a (li, k u i n A i - u a n i d c t i r a
ly tien (t nh I)c tc gip Iiirc <( bao h
Plia-laii-xa (l khiii quan. triuvj (hriig mun. (lm em
(( vn minh sang gieo rc - ci t (( Aii-nam hn yi
h lu ny.
NliCnig bi th, hi vn. ca Plian-Khi ii (V phn
ch Hu hay phn quc ng Xiun-phong, cui vi cc
bi ca ihCnii cy bt n mt khc lc , m Ihuh
mt chiu (iei luyu truyn. ram r clio c (Itri ci
nhn liiu phnh niili l R1U Xam phun bc . Vi
Itng Xam phun bc lu hi (ln a em ht tin.il
khuvii ni ra vo* vt ((tn ln ca nhu du em
bc, em vng ng cho quan cirp nc. Chng dng
mt tli vn c-hirii XII ph, e lin la gt nhau u
bng cch tu tng Iihug li ha hn di tr ca lon
quvu Xa-r.
Nhung bi vit ca Phau-Khi lm p lng
Mc-tv, nhng ch em li cho s phu hi s cm
gia khinh b Phan-Khi l mt nh nho khng ihn
k h n g c s khi v a p h o n g g, m a tt x u n g l o i
vong quc n v s.
Nlnmg tp vn th y l mi cuc cum c cng
lao ng ha v cli hoi bo tlui thiu thi ca Phan-
Khi, llt a iii len ay ci tinh thu bc nhc
bu mnh lm tav sai trung thnh cho gic ca mt
tn igv nho hi v, va i thi cng l bn n chung
th11 kt ti mt ta em hc tlirc phng s k th
ca dn tc. Nhng Phan-Khi hnh nh khug niuu
nhu ra iu (t, Iin thinh thoang trong uhug cuc
giao du li a ci ging ni nh Iilio ngang lug
kh tit la di nhng ngtri cha bit r y* Phan

78
k y gi ci tr k s trong thn h kim n v
V (t thnh cng Irong mi thi gian kh di v tr y,
i vi cc Iilin s bit r nhng hnh vi bi mt
ca y nh bc nho lo thnh Hunh-thc-Khng, Ng-
c-K th khng dm d chuyn kh tit nhng a
nhng sch v-, l lun ca H-Thch m cc c y
cha c, t ra ngi uyn bc bit hn ngi. Mt
ln y n bo Ticng dn gp c Hunh a nhng rhc
thuyt ca H-Teh ra (t bi bc Khang, Lng thi
c Hunh phi khen V bng cu ma mai Ti bit
lm, ci hc v ci ti l lun ca ng m !
Nhng, ci ti y bin mt st dn Aii-uani,
ci vn chirug xu ph qu quan bo h Pha-Iang-xa
v ci hc thc phII ng ca h Phan cng khng
gip cho Phan c mt ch ngi vng chc bn cnh
Phm-Qunh v Nitvii-b-Trc tp ch Nam-phong,
mc du Mc-tv mtiti nh th. iu d hiu lm
nu chng la vu tl t xira nhng k coi quyn
li c nhu lo hn c ii (tt, lm mi vic tin
nht i giu sang, th khng bao gi chng dung
c nhau trong s ng chm v quyu li. Chng
ch cii tc nhi thi vi nhau khi thy cn c th li
d 11c nhau uhir ci cnh gi giang h g ci ngha
tm b vi *iai t chinj, khng tnh ngha m cn. ghen
ght, cv bv nhau tranh n. Hn na, Phan-Khi
c bu. b thi y tng cho ci danh hiu con
ngi bt cn nhu lnh ll cng s lm sao c vi
Qunh v Trc ni anh kiu bc, ich k, phn bi.
Con. ngi bt cn nhn tnh khiig c vi ai,
khng u irc lu, c Mc-ty dng vo nhng
vic khc thicli hp vi linh tnh, vi kh nng ca Khi
hu. Vic y l chu du tliin h i sut t Bc vo
Nam v t Nam ra Bc gip X-nhi, chnh mt
thm Trung-kv v Xa-, chnh mt thm Nam-k. Lm

79
 ct nhim vu ln lao y, Phan-khi kho bng bt
mt s ah em roug bo gii e vit bi vi ci l ltiu
qui c bi nh nhn (lu, T quc v gin tip tuvu
Iruven cho s hng cung, cho nn vn minii ca
thc dn Php. Ngoi nhng on, trch dch aiiL tru
cc bo gu (tv, Plum-Khi cn nhiu hi ng bo chi
lii iv v nu nav su tm em in llunh sch, la s lliy
ci s nghip vn ehinmg ca V khii phi l nh.
V lc av, gi quu chng c c li th Phan-
Khi ton tp y, tt uhin qun chng khng CI1
hin t nh trc cho Phmi-Kii ngi yu na.
o V

Tru 14iy triX|4 mc en, Phau-Khi mi ch bc

l phn no li trang trn, t bc, lng bt lilii
tin i vi t nuc, vi ng bo. Trong nhng lc
nhn m vi iigi quen thuc, Phan-Khi C11 bo
mm tha m (( dn An-Iiam hcm. Trong aliLig chuvu
nh the, y khH ni nling li trc tip no tu di
Php lm cho ngi nghe nh (l ch bo y l cirii*
trc )), mt k (lm ni ci ii li ca (( Hiri R-
nam )). Lc v, nhiu Iiginri cn. llio Hv chira bit r
ci dng tm qu quvt ca y, ch can. gieo rc ci t
ti dn tc cho su rng, lm liu tu chi kh u tranh,
l V gin tip cao irc thc dn, cng c irc nn
thng tr ca clim (Vnire ta. Mi lu, 1ron.fi lc mn
m vi aui C111 ve cc eiriu (uc v ilurx* quc, V
ln liii chi ihii dn tc yu hn mt urc,
nhng i kli cung xe11 uliiig cu kch bn tirc
dn Anh, ... ri ket lun, rng : cii may m dn An.~
mun li mt urc vi l> lip, h c mt Liu vn minh
tt, h l do, nhn o lum m tlic n Anh nhiu !
Ci mnh khe kiu y IroiL iihii cu chuyn
hng njy mi ni, i la tirc vhieu Uir khng
bao gi ng rii V a (lu au k iv nhu tim ca
cc tu trm mt * iluu Ir cho ci cii u vic
tuvu
>

80
truyn rt c kt qu ca y. Ch nhc li ci l lun
m t c a y c h u c t t r o n g p h n g M c - t y c
m t h ie ii l c l m n<4a rtliicixt m t Hiri (tan g b c
vo con ircni li li, i 1 ) 1 ta (t thy ci lc <ln<4 ca
cch n ni trang trn, m mi nghe, liri kliixi suy
n g h t h v c c i iiila l s u Sk' v c h u l l a m .
Ci (( ti v (tem e n c h o P iu m - K h i h ai n g u n
li : Ty tr cn<
4v n.1mg ngi hi lm gip lia
bc, giao ci vic v h pliic V l <( cir<m<* trc , (( kh
tit hn cc nh nho irng thi. Dip-vu-Kv, ch
b o T li n CUU, N g u y i i - c - N l i u u c h b o P h n
tn v n . . . (1 (t t i e u c h o y v p h c ti, c c a V.
Ti ch gp niav iu vo ci lieu s kh tit
ca Phan-Khi. Cc bo a ni um* phiu no nbmig
hnh v i tit llio ca y t ngV Cch iiKUig thng Tm
thnh cng IIII ti miii nhc li...
PIING-BO-TIICII
I-ni hng ngy , 22 ; 23-4-958

... Phan-Klii phn ccli mng, ngm ugum chng

ng lnh o cch mng i trong khng chin, l
vic hiu i la a tlv r hin ihin. Con Hiri tm
a Iih tlu* nhn sao thay chiili Ulmi ca cch mng
v Ihv sao c nhn o cch mng kiu uhn
mun cu vt minh?
Phan-Khi van khoe l 11*0*0 I (Zh lich
* tiu
* 11
mt chic o la, v ke cho ti mt d 11 vn gp
Il Ch tieh. chuyn c o, ti kliii thay 11
ta t ra mt no gi l cm kch. Phan-Kii klii
cm Ihv irc niiig mt c ch ii gin ca Ngi
biu trirug mt tinh hao (lung nhu i rng ln di do
ca o* c cch mng.
u

81
 Phnn-lhi chng qun nhng c \\\ ca v inh
t kinh yu, cug iiur cii n ca cch mng i vi
ng ta, (te by i IrcV mt, tr* lng chu<4 li cch
mii.
Ci m Pluui-Khi gi l 1ri chi * con nircVi
ng ta di l mt s ngoan c trong nju mui v trong
v nhu bt Iiiha, liu lun lm kiiili e mi Uiri
v Iilnnii* linli vi ngang nitrc v hi bc ca mnh.
()ii|4 ta llur*n. tiiYCHi 1)6 v i m t ve tlm tliv
rui : ngi ta S11, t lc r a i c h o *n c h i , clii
q u a n h iiinVi (lin vin (Ing tr . V v phiu n.;4 clio
ra tr. PliUi-Khi muu lm ni ( tr . Luo chn mt
vai p hau nghch ch o c u c (ti 111 n h , v b y i m u n
x u n g (ti t ro n g nhn liiu x m c a CII chm**.
t l mt cch lu (laul lliie u c >
>. M l u (lan.il
thi cung c, min l c lu.

TH-L
Nhn dn s 1501, ngy 21-4-1938

82
CHNH HN MI KHNG TIN T R N -D U Y

X i ti bo Xln van, phi Hi ti Traii-I)uv C( th

kv la son c a l bo. Trong ii v n Iigh chng
t, ciae vi klini m v a i C11 l g gi tr ca cuc
(*i v tc phani Trai.-I)uy, C( tii mt thm cho
quc nv trirc. X h i m 4 tre II bo Nluin HU, bng
<hm <4 n^i la thay T rin -D u v nhy la lm lv lun
ve chnh tr, ve v n Iiliv, ri li vit truvii, v tranh
a kch, tht k h n g kh c g ng tng gp tliri...

L lun chnh tr kiu th l

Ho Xhn vn s 1 (.">-11-1950) c bi Thnh Ihl
du tranh cho l (lo dn ch ca T r n -D u y .
Bo N h u v n ra </<>/, l nguyn lm int trong
hU) lc hri tin pliong, lch cc cng nhn dn
v n g chien u chU n nt sai lm lch l c , n h n g
h bai Ivotu lc phoiU lih o (t vi phm n nhng
liUi/n lc c bn XI (lng l)uj, XI diU ch .
Nlur v v Triii-Diiv a Hi ro mc tiu chiu u
ca bo Nln vn tc l 0 lnh o , Hi r hem, tc
l ang, Chnh ph v cc b phn, lnh (to. Cn bn
M, I>10111 v tay chn., bn au CO', Iilurng lc lng
en ti m Uuii v n h au n ta CI1 eiiu li, kling
phai l mc liu d i n (lau chnh ca bo Nhi van.
C nhin T r a n - D u y se Hi rang (i chin au chng nhng
sai lum l('*di lac cua lnh o 0 cung l gi[) huh ao
ngy thm mnh m (le chong vi ke th. Xlimi thc
ra, ngay t s u, iiling bi trong bo Nhn van hon
ton khng c mt cht gi gip tng sa cha sa
lm, m l nhng bi vu khng v by t, bom to
vn , xuyn tc s tht kch vo Dng v ch
uli mi Iigui u bit. Bn nav, ta aihiii cu
li cc bi li cii Ihv iu r rng. Cut trong
b i t r n , s a u k lii k e l i m t s k h k h n c iu i b o
Nltn vn (thc ra l nhng phn ng chnh (lng ca
qun chng i vi mt t bo en ti li ng lc
cch mng gp lirc gay go, kch vo lc lirMi livli
o cch mng) m Tru-Duy ni l lhnt kc (li ll
d a n h iIu CI (ton V r a , s a u k h i p h n i c c
bi ph bnh, theo ti rt ng mc, ca Xguvii-
ChDg ng Iru bo Nhn dn, hi thng U-iy.Tt,
Tru-Duy t n vi Dng .
V do , chng ti (tl vn (t vi Uiu mic
du y mi l thi ca nhng b phn hrni chntj
ca ng, cha phi l ca Trung ng, li cng chn
phi l ca lon tng.
Nh vy l klii cng ilin phn i bo Nhn vn
th Trn-Duv cho l c k i lt danh ngha cng
on vn ng ph h o i, trng hc phu i th
Trtt-Duy vit l c k em bo Nhn ixin ra C cho
hc sinh tr tuoi nhng nhn xt lch lc i v&i bo
Nhn vn , cc c quan, khu ph, cc tnh plin i,
th l (lo cn b i vn ng . Khi bo Nhn dn
phn i, Trn-Duy cho ay mi l thi (t ca b
phn lng chng ca ng , v uti Trung irii Biiii
ph binh thi, cii c vo lv thuyt trn kia ca Trin-
Duy, Tru-Diiv s ni l cha phi l ca ton tnq .
V nu ton Bang, ton dn lc l c quau, xi nghip,
khu ph, InrcViig hc, cc tiili c phn (ti th Trau-Duv
s ln tr li ni l c k... vn n;/ )h hoi v.v...
ngha l th no ch c Ihe xuvii lc c. D khug
phi cl l ly luti c hai ml m thi; l l litu

84
quay tt !<i?u con th l ca Trn-Duy, mt th l
lun rt pl 1)1011 tronjf ho Nhn vn v cc tp Giai
phm.
V khi ctt l lun theo kiu th l , th d
Trii-Duy c tuy 11 h l tin tirng ( s sng sut lnh
n c a D i , n g i t a c u ii th v r c h i c m t n
njii.lv trang, mi cch rt l liu ca bn ngiri nh
t vn vi fng .
Khi 11.O cu khch n.g<Vi ta chng ng, th n
ni ch qun chiiK l snq sut v c iti qut nh .
Khi no quan chng phim, i n, th n, li la
l t i c c n b IXII iu p h h o i l m n h q u n c h ii
l cu ca. Vv 11 Traiv-Duv c th i vn ng ph
h o i troii* cii n h n , I r u i i g h c V. V... x e m ! C h c
chn qun ch 11" s elio ngiri no vn ng ph
hoi nhrg bi hc ch ng. V trong thc l,
qun chim (t cho 1)II chinh tri th l nhng bi
hc ng nh i ri !

Va i n cho, v a i i bt
Trong hi phn u cho trm hon ua n (Nhn
vn s 2), Trii-Duy liu l lun, vn ngh v khuyn
ui nn lnh o vn ngh th no?
TrII-Duy khng hao gi dm cng khai Hi trng
ra riig khng cu iuig iixh o, v ni nh vy s
khng la bp irc mi Iiiri. Nhng quan nim ca
Trn-Duy v s lah o y nh th no?
Sau khi ( b n<iri nti s cht ch hn vi
t h c te (te l y l i li u X d n g tc p h m , g i p c h o
n<)h s Iim (tiv/c ci clui iit gip cho lgh s nhng
ci b (iut bi (tirc ci thn ca cuc sng, lnh
o, sau khi lm xonq cng vic y ri, thi nn dng
li y .

85
 ng gip vn ngh s hiu c thc t, < rtm
ti liu ... ri sau (t thi thi! Khi vII nghi; s vit
tc pha111, khn* ai c ni < ma! Khii ai c quyen
can. hip th bo vo tc phm tliing ii ca
Tran-Duy vit v ra. Buig ch c vic im ti liu i>
cho Trn-Duv thi! Tht l mt quan nim < mi m
t o h ao v c n go v i ec c a v n n gn h s !
Nhng chng ta (lu bit trong tinh huh u tranh
x a y n g x h i c h n g h a h i n n a y , n g o i l i (li a
s vn nglic; s l ngiri tt, cn c mi vi k xu,
cn c nhung th lun iu gio , v d : nhng
lun iu chinh tr kiti th l ca Trau-Du, cliii
ta khng (lng li )>
, m c vch mt n nhng liuui
iu xu xa y!
Tran-Duy vch ra phng php thc hin trm hoa
ua n :
Xun thc hin hiu qu chnh sch trm hoa (tua
n , c h n q la c n cn n h n g b i n p h p c h n h qiipn v
to clc ng o lin hanh (o dc qun chng v cn
b, nhn nhn r vai tr ca qun chng trong vic gio
dc v chiu s gio (lc ca van IU/h s, IroU vic l n
t h a y v l m l C Ir a h i v n h o e v n q h t h u t .
Nh vv, trong vic lanh o, biu php chnh
quvu v t chc ca Bii* ch dng (ti vi cn b
v quan. chng nhu u (te cho h nha r vai tr
lm thy v lm hc tr (V a ht vn hc ngh thut !
Th cn iig i vi vn ngh s th no? Th nh
trn Tru-Duy a ui, ch c vic < (ira ti liu ri
inig l i)) ! Sao khng ni tnre ht vii ngh s phi
chu s gio dc ca ng? Hai nfra s gio dc sao
li cu ii bin php chinh quvii i vi ng viu
v quan chng, cn vau ngh s khng nhihig khug
cn c gio dc m cung hon ton t do, khii
cn g n bin php chuh quyn ?

86
 K h n g phi v y ! C h n g t a u b t n u n h v n
ngh s no k h n g c n g n lin s gio dc cua ng,
th i c h b v l c l o n g h o c l b t b u c p h a i i t m m t
s gio (lc , mt s lanh (o no khc chng li
cch mng, chng li nhn dan, hoc lm ay t cho
my k (tu c su tiu m thi !
Clnra ht! TCO Tnn-Duv, chnh quyn v Bng
cn phi lan.il (to hii cch nng thich (tnq, c
it v e p h i r n q t i n , n l o t , g i y m , p h t h n h CACI
chnh quen v cc c quan nq . Nh th, lanh (to
c a Dui v C h i n h p h lUlia. l c a p tin., plnrcriT i i u ,
gip u lo t , p h i l i u h , m c (lau l t h v a n
n g l i c h ii li Oai, c h n g li x h i ch n g h a nhir
vn n.gh trong ho Nhn vn v cc lp Giai plhm
Mt q u a n n im qui n h v y , n h irii l i n p
diri chiu hi (linVi l c* ca Biii elng l la
J)p ?
B l q uan . n i m ca bn va i au cho va
i i h i.

Qu tim mun g ?
T r u y n lCri khoU r k h n t l m ( G i ( p h t n i m a
tlii l).*)(), i) II) ta li lliv mt biu hoa l , mt
k l i a c n h k h c v e T r a n - D u y%r .
Trn-Duy (/ri nlui<i niiri cnq sn ch n ch in h :
t r u y n (l, c m u n *ian<4 d y c h o n h n g n.iri c n g
s n b it th' n o l Iijiri. X i d u n g c u c h u v n l c
Ngc Iloii cho nn. ln. mt h k h nq l s c l c v
c h , cho x u ir h 4 i <V i si p h t I1K I v iv < rn < i, h

bo, rriH, khai SI1, l(') be m cu vt loi Iijiri.

NhiriX iron<4 k h i n n s n ^ u i khn<4 l d , c h c t l v
to. n h I r i h i iUY'11 l i u (t n n t i m , c h o nIV I r o u g
o n k i i l r m t s Uhii t i m l m c h o n h u l o i
k h s Mlin<i b n l n h C(t v a c h m n , n h n g h o a
b&m, nhng i a tr mi Pu nhau, nhng tnh
ihtrnq ni nh va nhon nhn, c mt s Uhbii l,
khH irnq h u xro ba len, i nt . 'Sc IIoii
gi 1)011. khng l v (lv ho the no cung kliii cai
lo trc h v h khng c tim, sau nh phi tinh
n CIUVCMI lm mt ]fi ngi h nh ulnmg c tim to
cho xuii l gii...
Tran-Duv kch nhng ngi cng sn., cho l h
khng c lim.
Nlnmg ngi cng sn c sc mnh v ctcl c
phi l t [ra gii ri xung khng? Khng phi.
Nhn ngi cii sn, ch ngha cng sn, s d v
ch l vi gulin vi loi iHiri, vi nhm n lao ng.
Sc mnh ca nhii iiinri cng sn l , ch h
kln< phai l thn thnh . M s (li mg ngi
cng san c nhn (lan tin theo, c sc mnh, chnh
l v h (( ngiri nht, h c tim, c c nht, tm hn
h rng ln hn ai ht. II khng phi l nhng con
ngi my, h l nhfm<4 Uimi c l tng cao c gii
phng nlii loi; m mui c l tii phng nhan
loi, khng c mt tm lin rng ln, khng c tim e,
khiig c lng nlin. (to sao c?
Nhng ngi ci si l khng l giy xo ln
tnh vu va nhen uhiun uhir Tru-Duy Ri ? Mt s
ch Iri bo Nhn vn nh Hoiig-Cuni, L-t cm< a
n vy. Nhng ilnrng ugi cng sn ch phn i tul
yu khi lo u l mt hnh ng v nhu o. Khi c
k v tnh yu m phn bi cch mng, tt nhiu ngi
cng sn phau i, v c nhin k v tnh vu m phn
cch mng, m li l)ire tnrc kh khn l nhii<* k
v nhn o, kliii tim, khng c ch khng pli ngi
cng san. Ngi cn sn tn thnh, ng h, khuyn
khch nhng tinh yu chn chnh, nhng h pliu i

88
nhng k v nhan o, sinh hot ba bi, tranh v,
c p c h n g . I I p h n (ti n h n g c u c t in h u y u b t
c h n h . X i Iilur niiri eii* s n c l n g h n t n h y u ,
g i a d iili, h k li iu ( i i i u l iv s i n h n h b it h a o nliicu
e b i m s (la h v s i n h , ili l m i\ v c n h tirii n h iih y
n a v . Iuon. tim k l i c c a iiir c n g s n r l l r n g
l a , (tiu lhiTiii p h n l c h k h k h Yi c a i s u n g
s n g c h k v c a c n h a n kln. tl h i u (irc.

Tran-Duy hi n.linlumg ii cii* sn l khng

tim #, v ([lia limca Trn-Dnv mun nhung ci tri
ntrrc
n p v i lv
*, linVnii
0 onu
* 0 san C i lu an. (tiu
k h n go l
klni
o lim v^ (liimu n 1
1\ (a Iiihe
n lu ri, n l lun * iu

cun 1)011 t xiip l 0 ili ii ln do ))* l C
( nhui vi .

ln st, bc lt n<> ho ta.

V-BC-PIIC
Vn ngh s 11, tling 4-1958

89
 MT TM H n i t r y TRN-DN

Xa nay c nhiu ngi, tuy xut thn lur hng,

qu kh xu xa, sau nh c nh sng ca iui, ca
cch mng v nh c tinh thn t nguyn t gic c
gii t ci to, m Iiv nav (t tr thnh nuTii* ngiri
hu ch, nhii ngi och mng. Trn.-I)aii khng
thuc vo l]) Miroi .
Nhiu n^iri Nam-dah u bit Trii-D iu l con
mt nh a ch v t sn (la vo th lc thc dn
bc lt nhn dn lao 11L. S u g troii ml ia inh
ngi mt n bt vng nh vy, Trii-Du sm
i vo con ng tn.iv lc, b tha. Khong t nm
1943 , Tra II-Dn < l hc tr ca mt bn vn s lo-
rt-kt.
Cch mng thng Tm thnh cng, IroII,L lc s ln
thanh niu ta u em tri tim v tui tr ca mnh
cng vi cha, anh n elio thng li ca cch niii,
th tri lim , khi c ca Trii-Du vii nip trong
khi thuc phin. H-ni cui nm 1910 , ca n lc
sp i vo khng chiu ton quc, thi Tru-Dim cii*
vi Tru-mai-Chu, V-hong-ch (t lp ra nhm thi
s tng tr 11< 4V vit bo D (ti ite cho ra ci luvn
u g n ngy 1 6 - 1 1 - 1 9 4 6 vi nhng c u : ChiPiL li,
mt on vong gia tht th, ( u thai nham lc sao
m... . Ri gia m 19 tliu* Chp, trong lc b i
v nhn (lu th (t xng vo khi la chiu i c
bo v T quc, thi Trn-Dn v nhirn k cng nlni
vn cn chy cht hng cho ra s 2 ca bo D

90
i sc mi thuc phin !Nhng vic k trn y c
the lm tt phn,no CiY\ Ihi lc lm* xa l ca
Trn-Din di vi s nghip gii phng dn tc ca
ton, (ln ta. Trim-Dn cuii i vo khni chin, nhng
xvx khii chiII t 1)0 nhiu quan, (tim nghi} thut sa
n c a hn. T r o n g n h m vn UP S c r n - I a )), h n a
vc lon li li lm kh hiiu, bin hnh nh anh ding
v p de ca l) (ti ta thnh iihfrii hnh th rt qui
g, lm th cuiT vy. Son.-la, ci li sn.j v quau
nim snu tc (loi try (ta clira Trui-Dan n. nhiu sai
liin, bi thi hnh kv lul.
Mac (ii tir irii Trim-Dn c nhiu b bt ca
ci cu, iu* v Qun (li ta vn. ht M gio dc,
cai to. Chnh v nuion. rai to Tri-Daii c kt qu
hn, m sau ct* kv chnh hun, t chc ca ta (ta
gip cho han. i vo tiiv t chiu u ca b i,
t o (tieu k i n c h o h n vict c c u n n q i n g i
lp lp vi il nliieu tiu l) ve ni (Umg, song ngh
t h u t v . i c n 11.011 k m . Y i c u n s c h , ii le T r a u -
Dan pluii i tlav mnh cII phi c tui na, nhimg
tri li, han d vi (UrRg dirii t c, ly lm
ci vn e v11 sch !)uii<f v Quan i.
... Khi v ll-ni mi gii phng TriiI)u a
ht cha]) c lm cliuh sch v imri (tiu k lut vo
llmh ca Chnh ph, hat chp c k lut qun (ti,
t o 1)0 doanh trira ULoi siuli hot b tha.
Mi ln v (tmvi, Tru-Du v bn theo hn
dii cch (hroiig M kiicli ty, c lp ngi tt, v
httt IXhau i t o, (ti 1)0 ni quv e cho chi c
t do siit theo ci li try lc ca cluiii.
(iia lc nnig pliii t lc liu Iroug (iaicp t
san m (li (tam bo ci th t (lo l)(k* lt, u
co* Inm lu Hin cliU, tin troii b (ti, Tnm-Dvi
ln ting i t (lo Uiyt i 0, (ti song loi i try
v xut bu nhng th van chng che d. Trn-Dn
 dng 1?5i < r blt r xAn chui > tp hp nhng pbhri
t xu trong vu ngh qun i uhir lotg-Gam, T-
Phc, Hong-tich-Lnh, Trc-Lm e ko b ko cnh
hot (lm* chng i vi CO quan Iiuli o. Tran-Dn,
L-t, Hong-Cm, Hong-Yu (la li dng vic ph
bnh tp th Vii-Bc v phong tro ph bnh VU1 hc
lc bv gi* li ko vv cnh vo cu l) clah tr
v ng li vn ngh phc v chinh tr. Li ng
thc mc ca mt s anh em vII ngh qun. i,
Trn-Dn np dtri chieu bi chU cig thrc >\
i tm ci mi , ch huy ci ho thai Xln U
G i a i p l m t r o n g q u a n i , k o h k o c n h (ta k d
lnli o v t tp nhau ra ci ii l <
( chnh sch ve
vn ngh troii qun i , cng kliai v [yii Iri i
v n H p h i c l p v i c h n h t r , ( ( t r (cn l a n h
Trc thi khiu
o v n n g h c h o v n n<jh s .
khch ca bn Tru-Dm, t chc trong qun (ti a
n h i u l n k h u y u r n h tr l i c o n ir ii (tui. M UM<4
bn Trn-Dn vn tip tc ngoan c. Bn Trau-Din a
hot ng nhir nhng phan tr tc (tng linh lliu.
truvn b nhng t lirng phau ng ca muh,
Trau-Dn (ta d inh ra khi qun i, mu vit ho
chng li ch . Sau khi (ta cini vi X^UYH-hii-
ang, Lt, Vu-Cao, Houi-Cm mc c vi nliiu
phn t t sn phn ii v ci clie ch bi mt t
bo t vi s hriig thng 10 VU1 n^O), Tra-Dan
vit n xin ra khi tig v qun (li. Nlihi phim
t xu trong vn ngh b i C1U lnii lico hn vit
th (( xin ra . Mc d Tru-Du a (ti n ch nt xu
nh vy, chi b vn gi phng eliam lvieu nhu gio
dc. Song hn vn ngoan c, li ui nhng li if*
khiu khch chi b. Ton th chi 1)0 u iilit tri quyt
ngh khai tr lii\ ra khi Dvg.

(1) T in ngn hng c, bng 100 ng by gi.

92
 Trong bai 0 (lon. lY^trtVi Trn-Dn. ng * Nhn
nan so 1, i\ lm ra b Triln-Dn l k v ti, bn
XIui IH (la (lua ra mt llr Trn-Dn v t khng
h birt chuvrn l)i m inh <;ng trong ci lp Giai phim
ma Xiiii 11*n lir>r. S ll th khc hn. Sau khi a
HOiui c cho IU* lai qun (li, Trii-I)n a ra bu vi
Vn-Cao, L'-I).il, T-Phc, Biui-iih-Hiru, Homg-
Cam de m im ru do ra c i (( G i a i p h m m a XKI
nm w~)ti vi V iih lp l) nhnu li hi nh ch
la. Chinh tr rai (ii(ti phin ma xin ny a bt
cliu tliih hiiih m nhm chng ang, chng nhn
dn., li iv l hu* qun. di d clio Tru-Dii xuii
1iii;4 llii <U' nhi Ihv tlnrc te m sa mnh, nhng
hn. ta chiliu* I' tnh i, cn vit chuyn Lo io/ir/
v chuyn r/i de m ch cu 1)6 Bng v
chi cai ccii rui l.
Va tch cc hani ia Ga pliim ma xun, Trn-
Dn va tic:p c ni nlmg li cling ng v c
nhng h n h (lng kha H^hi b ni cng tc v H-ni
sin.il lol try lc. Ilini vi phm nng k lut b
i. V mc ch hao v s ughiem chnh ca k lut
qun, i, t eluVe h i a phi cho gi Tran-I)u
kim llio, i ti cai lo. Nhinig v quen ci li (( p
u vu v D ca bn. khch 11 a ch, Tru-Dii
ly mt ltri dao co ru ko du c ra ca iigoi da,
roi lu loa ii (a l l, liim gy d luu xu oi vi
qun i. Trc llii (l kin, quvct ca t chc b i,
Tra -Dm nh )iini v vit mt bn kim tho nhau
nhi sai lam cn liiu v t ra mt k hoch sa
cha. Vi thv [UM ca Tnin.-l)au c biu hin chuyn
biu, t cluYc (!a ua 1ai ve n v gi nguveii chc
v Ifu v ve sau lni cho cliuveii u<*nh theo nguyn vng.
Nlunu liii SUI (l, lian (l ro tr ngay. Hn nnru
m vi Xgt!Yn-] Cni-DaiU, Piuui-Khi, Tran-Duy, Le-
Dt, Houg-Cm, Vn-Cao cho vit ra ci ho k < (ioil
ugi Tru-Du . B l nit bi y dy nhng
chuyeix vu co. Khi bi u Con ngiri Trn-Dii va. 16
ra, nhiu ng ch tron v ngoi b i bit chuyu
tng vit bai mun vch s tht v v Trii-Dan.
Bit ci mirti m gian t ca mnh kh lt, Tran-Dm
v Homg-Cam u him vi cc c quan c trch nhim,
xiu t ci chinh. Nhimg ri hn khii cai chinh, Trii-
Du cung nh L-t u vic rt nhi cu hi cho Xln
oan Giai phm k bng ihicu tii khc nhan. Trau
Dn cn inin cho k khc vit (Xlnr-Mai hi Thi s
my, Mai-IIanli bi XiK iriin, v.v...) hoc t tay sa
hi ca bn khc. Xe li liv tt c nhfm bi Tran-Dii
viet cho Nhn HII (riai phm ((a riii, hoc chua
ng) em thng ke li th la thy Tran-Dii a kch
vo rt nliieu mt quan trng ca ch ta : t cc
ng li chinh tr lron.fi iiirtVe en quan h quc t,
t s lnh (to ca ni trong vn ngli (tu s lanh
o chung ca Bui. Sau khi am nnru chuveii mnh
sang hnh ng chnh tr ca nhm Nh II iHtn 1)1 hi l,
Trn-Dix a cn vi Vi\-Cao tm cch < (cu cho l)
l. n khi bo Nln vn b cm v nlim Sli vn I)
dir luii qun chng vch mt, llii Tru-Dii li ra sc
gp nhhig ke c iu i nhm ii vin v i x i
tinh thau, ri li tp hp nhau tip tc hot (tiig vi
nlihig m mu mi, tinh vi v iiliam hicni hu...

HUY-VN
Ar/|d/1 dn, ngy 25-4-1958

D4
 CON C MN LNG CNG BM BN
NGI TRN GH : L-T

Cliiiih L'-D i v bn l) ca hn nhn rivg :

L-Bl ct 1*i* mt vai quan trng v chinh tr ca t
Nluii vn (him (V Iroii* buv thn.!* trc CI14 vi
N<yii.-hiTu-)aiif, Tnn-Duv, Hong-Cm). Np di
nhiu tn. hoc giu mnh sau tn ca ngi khc, hn
vit mt s bi rt phn ng, cng tc vi ang
trong mt s bi x lun, nguy him, thng qua v
sa cha nhiu bi khc, Y.v...
. . . Bt l mt tron." nhthi tn cm u ta son
bo Slii van bn nh (irng li t bo, nh bi,
sa bi, vit bi, vn ng ngi vit bi, v.v... Hn
vn itng Tliaiih-CIiu vit bi Mua hng mu
dch 9 (Nhn vn s 4) khng phi vi mun ph
bnh uliiig khuvt icm cn sa cha m chnh l
kch YIO nhng kh khit khch quan m la chira th
khc phc Hav c, hn. fty th hn *ia mu dch
v cc lii lp quii chng, lm hu thuu cho cc
th on Inm bu du c ca mt b phn t sn.
l C11 (ti vn ng Hon<-t-Nguyu, Nuyn-thmh-
Long, Yn-Lan v nhng anh em vn ngh s miu
Nam khc vit cho bo Nhn IHII bp rng u
tranh ca Nhu VII V l mt phong tro ca vn
uglu; s tniMi Ht* v ca ca min Nam, mong lm gim
nh s pliu khch ca cn b, b i v ug bo
miu Num.

95
 h qun chng o bo Nhn vn v chinh
quvcu cm lun hnh bo , Dt a trn khi Il-ui.
Khi ng v chnh quvii ta khoan hii*, khng |)
(Uui )l) lut vi cu'm<|, hn li tr v 1l-ixi CIII*
phe l tip tiC liot ug ph hoi. Bn hn (lng phng
php chin tranh lm l ca ha quc clmyii i
phao (tn v truyn b nhng tin by b, nhng t
lirng nguy hi. Hn khng lic li Hi xu C-Ii ,
ni xu Dang vi ing li ca k Ih, v lm ci
loa cho bn u 80 t-rt-kit.
Hc tp Tliy-Au khoa lc ii tinh thu, Bt i
kcli thch mt s vn ngh s vit bi hi en ch .
Hau thiig ni vi mi s Iigiri: lc quan cng
sai, b quan cng sai, ch c hoang mang l iuig .
Trong lnh hnh tir tirag ca anh em vn ngh s trirc
nhng kh khui lc , nlmq cu ni nh th
ph hoi khng it cch nhn ca h, v do ph
hoi kh nhiu tc phm ng l tt.
L-t r rng l mt phan t ph hoi ngoan c,
l mt k thi tha, uho' nhp.
CHNH-HU
Nhn dn s 1.506, ngy G--1958

. . . Cng nh nhng loi vi Iriug kin.il nin quen

chng d vi cc loi thuc st hi chiii, bnh c
nhn v chinh ph trong COII ngi L-t ngy cnj
linh vi, khu ngoan , luu lm cch ln trnh hoc
ngy trang cii hnh thc nv hay hnh llrc 11
la plnli mi Iiiri. Da mt ci uhn hiu vu
thng nhn (lu, yu Ihirii giai cp , th V11 ca
L-at bc
l r rt
l la
ca mt k kliinli

yo
qun chii, mun t ra mnh li gii, c kh nang
luli o qun chng m khng c ug tin dng:
Ti niun Dny gi li en li
Hi j v cuc SIU,
i u n t l i v o b l m h n (/nn chiH
Gip Trung <rn<j xy dnq nhng con nqi.
Nhng d c c muii nurn lng cng ph
ln. mnh, thc chl ca n vn l con c. Nhng li
l hunh hoang khng che tlu ni ci t tng
pium bi, ci (l tm chng Dii bn trong. Ci mi
m L-Bt ua ra sau nhng li tuvii b trnh trng
, igiri c suv ngh mt cht cm thy Rgav c
mt ci bt chinh, la lc bp hm (tng sau
y ri. Ri cng c k, ci cm du chuyn thnh
ci cm, ci gin, mt khi ngi c nhn r c
chn tng CUI s la lc di tr u np sau ci chiu
bi le lot . V ngi ta bit r sau nhng cu tlO
tru, ci d lm ca L-Bt l vu khng ng ta khiig
bit gio (lc hn* du tm lin qun chng ch nhng
k nh I, - Bt mi lm (tc vic . Ci mi xa
ruiy bao Ji cng tl thi Ihc con ugi ngh a n,
tm ti v pht Irieu n.
y, ci mi m L-t ua ra ch rco rc
s hoi nghi, linh hiu llii, lng t i, ngc vi
yu cu ca ({tiu chng. Him na L-t cn h ho
1 ci c , Iihimj ci c ctv troii ml L-t
v nhng ngtri vit Nlun vn Giai plum, li l c
ci x lii cch nin<4 eui chng la.
Troii bi th Nhn cu chuyn. my Ii<*iri t
tir , L-Dt on trch cuc S11{' ' mieu 1c, kiu
ngo thch tlirc :
Lch s hiii lun duit li
K ik (li la (tc cuc di .

97
 C nhir vy, bi nv qua bi khc ct thnh hnh
mt loi sng tc <1nme in L-t ehig c the Hi
cc made in phn bi m qun chng cl la v lich
sxV so ch p khn. mt cht niv mav llur<mg XI.
Xut pht t mt li nhn clra cht c oi vi
cuc si chung qiumh, nhng hnh nh gi l tm
ti ca L-Dat CU11 l nlnu*
o luh nh c
* ia.

('i t thuyt ca L-)t c lan quan nh con nn.

nguv liiM Irirn ht cv nv stiii hc (t 11, lun
luu ki m cch ic c len phim nc (lc vo nhng
Rgiri nh (l, nhm ln. X m hoe, II vut ve,
khi l ra hng hn hm ii(V, kh tr' li Iiin ni thau vfm,
khi nurii nhng ulum vt 1411 ii ([uan.il la e ii
hv t m s, k h i np c ir i UY lu c a i m < h ic t h i L

ti n anh e xuyu
tc,
ay
V i^hien
n hoc
* h ho.
XUN-HONG
Hi sng tc vn ngh lin khu IV
Vn n&h, s t , thiq 4 - 195S

98
 MT TN CHUYN KHCH BC
CHIA R : T -P H C

...Xuil Ihu t ml ^in ctiuli |)H)I1J4 kia quan li,

II4 lm qiian lo ctiu biiii '4 1 liiip. I> Siii' T v (lu lic
ri ve lm tlmni l lc l kim thau khon, m cii
i c o n (|ium v 1)U11. to' la VI\J4 hc, T -P lie, lc
N guyii-anU-Chn, su cia trong luv lin Irv tc t
khi v a m i ln... Hn iu ch, thuc phin, trai gi,
trc tii* khn<4 ki111 g Binh-Hn, Vi-hoii-Chirng
m hn. giao (lu kh tlin. llil.
Cch mii|4 (l ko hn ra khi h tryv. lc. Hn (li
cii tc theo khii chiu.
B u li u lin pli trch bo T h -. Bo b (linh
bn ; Irong bu t k i0111 Ihio ca h n tliv ghi khuvcl
i m : Imo bin, (lc doi111, l (lo, lm vic theo li t
sa u , v .v ... roi l (1 6 cho n hl khng chin v trong
lia hnh, I, r> thi k, mi tlii kv cng tc ca hn
li kt thc bii mt ln kim tho vi ip khc :
b ao bin, c on, b phi, tham , h ha, t do, v .v ...
Hn tlin* ch hai, chm chc v ch li u , Hi
x u , chi ra nhii anh em khc e l cao. Vi
nliii Ih on vl nhng him hc, h u nng anh
n y o p anli kia, kch Iiiri khc lm by li minh.
Vi b a n eli.it kiMi cng, ngo mn, c on, l) phi
nii h n Uhng llii (Itrr vi ai lu. Khi ml tn nhim
v b c lii|>, hau li <lim|4 m o > lm ra v (luiong xt

9'9
anh em, Hn thng dng mi cch t cao v
mua chuc qun chng. Th on, nham him ca hn
l k i c l i a n h e m c h n g l i l a n h o . n i i R i r t t r u i i '4
tro: Phai u tranh quv lit tre11 nii nh quvcn
li cho Hu c tinh lm cho cri kliiig tiu trn,
chia r anh em vi lnh (to.
(( Ti dc (to ca hn l n<i di in (danh t
nhm Nlun vn t cho hn.). I) iu ngha l nh*
ch no vu nhat, lc Ro U11 em thc mc nlia, ni
khch mt cu rt sc lm ngi nghe i nav 11*4mYi
ln nh b (tin git choui vng hoaii niiiig. Chnh
igu i iu * ca hn cng vi s xao quyt ca
Trn-I)n a bin nhni nghi c phau chinh i
ca anh em thnh mt hnh ng qu khch, c lnh
gy ra v khot su nuui thun gia quan chng v
lnh o.
Ph phch trong qun, i mai, b khai Ir ra khi
ng, hn xiii ra qun. i. Vi iihiLg ai t hieu tiili
hiuh, ha tlurmg ni xau qua i l be phi ,
<khng sng c (!). Do bn chi giai cp thng tr
nn hn rt ho danh vng a vi, Sang lm n. hen
Hi nhc, hii li gi uhiig th on rt l (( thau
khon , ((l su : hu ct li iltt c st luii
bn Mi, cl tn (ti biu qun i troug ban i da
lun thi e lliav tn hn vo ; hn vn ng mt ngi
troug nhm iV/ii! /;(//? nling cho hn chn th k ta
son Tp sau m ne; ri m niiru ht (tii chi Lu-
liu-Phc thi ch nhim Tp sau trong khi 11*4 ch
Phc di quc t vng.
Coi trng iih thut ca nh < (ngh s nh
th . C phi v lum c ti ni iiri (Vi khng hieu
clini? Hn, iirViig le thiu ha raii c ti nhu* hau
th phai lm c tici Ili ITIIC mi xiit ii (1). nu
thng ni (ln ( inh son, mt tp Lich s am nlic

100
th gii mt cng trnh v i lm, t ngi dm ngh
n., v thmVn klO' (taii lim . Ba-l 11 vi
v! khc kin, mt loi sX lc kh, <r hn ta chn
mv ai (t ti xav diii , v.v... S thc th ti hn
ra sao ? Mv oni ch nhc s cho bit: hi L reo hn
sii tc trong kliu chin. l m phii am hih on
A han Siinphonie paslorue ca Becthoveu, Tinq ht
(IU t<r9 Gi h 77}//, l m phng U1 ltth J>i F/fa
cnchanUe cua Wel)tT.
Sau khi Xln vn l) ng ca v hn bi Hi nhc
cnh co, hn bi quan chn nn, lo s, i xem bi v
ru ch cho khuay kha . Hn. mang bn (tu thuc
phin v iib v cng vi h lu Nhn vn Hm quanh
ngn n (lau lc bn. chuyn i Xam, sang Php...
V han onL tnh vi cu ii ca L-tt: <
< (tu
sng loi, l T quc ...
HON-MAI
i in dn s 441 ngy 25-4-1938

10
 MT TN BI BC I HONG-CM

Ccl (ly l0*11. 10 nam, li c (lum* (lc Kiu Loan

V *

ca llomg-Oni. Xi dung c [\\v ca lp kicli Iho* v

nhir tl? nao. ti khi nh* nua, m ch cn nh c
hai c A ii:
Nv niii llii u h lan (li ca,
(iia n a<* i I) iriu,
n ii vi c... M

lirv vo khng chi11, ri vo b i, Hom-Can

vn mang han cht mt Kien Loan trong minh. Tin.il
t (lo, try lc, tin h ham anh VI4 vn hm ca quv
mc* i qua
1 mi
thi nUUI (li c
rn lu *vn
. * tron<4
n b
(li, Iong-Cam (ta c tin h lron.* li si cui nh
trong sng lc. lieu lin r nliat l khi lm on
tririVii om Vn cng qun (ti khu Vit-Bi\ lun
lun Ilou-Cnm t thi hn hc i vi cc cn
h chnh tr, *nht l i vi chinl tr vin ca (ton,
nhng niri c trch nhim i * Hoag-Cam uhim<4
iX tli (li vcVi Houi-Oin eii l mt th ciin
tr cho oi ti lc 'hu vu lun lun xui (ly.
Xm 1930 , trong mt cuc hi ngh vn cng, Hoii-
Cm ngang nhin tuyii 1)6 : Dug khng XX dung
tay vo cluivn mn Iih thut
V * . Gi.1 th l Hoim-
n n

Cm kch vo che chnh tr. vi 11,' mc

d nhui
o

chnh Ir vin ca on nh Nguyn- c-Ton, Bmg-s-

Nguyn vn c gng chu ng Hong-Cni lm trn

102
nhim v. Mt vic chng t iu , l v sau uv,
Homg-Oam c lan hnh ng luyn i th bo i vi
mt ch ph nfr trong Don, cn h ca on bit vic
v nhng chin.il ng ch chinh tr vin ca B o u i ch
trng itT m ch v mun fr uv tn cho Hong-Cm,
khi nh liir<Vnf (trn cn l tc ca Homi^-C.am. Diu (T
ni r lnh thng veu ca chnh tr viu oi vi Hoii-
Cam mc (l Hoii-Cim van c tnh kling nhn ra,
vn hn hc, vn. ca quy theo ci < li ca minh,
chng li cn l) chnh tr.
Il a bnh lp li. Tr ve I-n i, Honng-Cm b ht
iiiv vo uhhi mu sc xnnh (t cua i sng lir si
thnh th. Kliii hao lu, Hoii-Gm quen, c u^iri
v v nluTii n.gir*i COI1 (t lii ca mnh, e (ti theo
n.hfrn. bng (ImiL khc. a vv, li c Tru-Dan.
khuyn khcli baii.fi lun i u : Xira nav thin ti i
thiui lm ]>v, c lm sao u, c c tc phm ln c
ri . Th ri HoUTg-Cnm ch cn thy tnre mt ci
(Vi sng can c 0 hnh phc ca c nhn minh, qun.
c q u au i, v nhn vic gio dc ch\ Ur tng ha
bnh ch Iila tron <4 oun (ti bang con mt hn hc
thm. Khi v, phmm* cliani vn Iih trong qun i
ra l (li vo phc* v cn <4 cuc xv (lng qun i.
Hi 1*11 4 Ion.-Cum ch triro*i.4 han. thn i vo (te i
lch s, ly 1C* lii minh ch rung iUni trc* uhfni4 de
ti rv, (ii trinVc mt con SOII nx nav, ch nh
en nlri| nhn vt lUv xa . Thc cht ch Irtnmg
v ch l s Irn trnh trmVe llit* t cch miU, chng
li plurni chm van iv^lu; phiu* v cng cuc \\\ diig
qun i.
tlc cbii lai lnh o cun I on<*-Cain Iigv cng
r, khi Trim-Du, T-Phe khi ra cuc u tranh
chi li s lanh o vau nghe ca Bng. T ro n <4 hui
gp g* chung vi ng chi Nguyii-ehi-Thaiih, Trn-Dau

3
hng h i : Vn ngh tr v cho vn nh s ! I)
Nhng trc s ph phn nghim khc v ng n
ca ng ch Nguyn-ch-Thanh v nht l Irirc nhfrn<
hnh ng v l chc ca Trn-Dan, T-Phc sau ny,
uih em tro11 phng vn ngh chn chnh li, ng
v pha l chc, kch lit u tranh vi T-Phc v
Trn-Du. Bn dy, Hong-Cm ni dt khot lp
trng ca mnh, ('hng li anh em, chng ]i t chc,
Hong-Cm vit ctcm xin ra ngoi qun i. V cii* l
ngi vn n.h s u lin xin ra qun i mc d khi
y Tng cc giao cho Houg-Gni lm on trnt
on kich
Tngo cc Chinh tri.

V *

Nguvn. hnh Houg-Cm trv lc ca < rKiu Loan

tr li trong sini hot huj4 ugv () H-ni. La c qun
ch qun ru, Hong-Cin ln x vo ci tlauh vng
kiu c,., cng (ti su vo con ng chng Bng, chng
nhn u, cng vi Trn-Di, L-Bt chi lnh o...)!

V-CAO
Tp chi Vn ngh qun i sS 4
thng 4 nm 1958

104
 III

M MU, T H BON
CA NHM PH HOI
KHNG PHI L V LM LC HAY v T/H...

KIii! Nhm" phn t XIi v Giai phm

kling phai ch sai Iroiu phng php kch v
lli (1 hn hc, ph hoi i v<Vi cch mn<4, (ti vi
nhan (lan. NIuTi phn, t Xlun nn Giai phm
klni plai vi chan l\\ vi l (](> sn.i lc m chi i
vi cch nin<^. (]\) khii phai chng v tnh. M
chnh chi u chni T litrc, chng nlun dn, chnq
rch miiq, chnnq DiU i cch c // thc. Ion ton
(fi(\ v tnh dhl giai c), v tieu, v ia vi, v nhng
khoi lc oi try \i\ thc ra l v uhng imm
chinh tr run.

(tv ti ch a ra mt vi u chng v Ur
tircm v Iilii phani e tlv r h mt l h j nh ihp
\u xu vi ci cliiu hi v chua l, vi trm hoa ua
n' , v.v... Viui l ch hau vu cui cng ca bn ch R.
TrircVi* ht, chng ta thrv l hao nam nnv, tri con
ttircmg chng T quc, ehMK llin (lau, clng ch
ngha x hi, chm Diii*, phn t trong lhm
ph hoi Xlrn vn (iai plm u c mt hnh
trinh ti li nhir nhan : chng kluVi hnh khng phi
l)i\< nlnmg ([uau iom v ngh thut, vo sng lc,
m xut pht t nhfm< bl man v a v, v kv lut,
trn trnh ci lc, li lia, b v, riru ch, thuc
phin, v.v... v c k th hn hoi l xut pht t V thc
chng i vc chnh tr.

107
 Nguyn-hu-ang hn hc v khiv" ire lini lnh
tu vn ngh; T-Phc ht mn v khti irc l>l ;
Hong-Cm l) v nng thn ly v thnh Ih ; Trau-
Dn pht t chc, pl'1 on vi theo mt c gi
n g y m i t i p q u n ; L - it c u u j l) V n h n g cu
cng thm hiii hn; Phng-Qun. ph phch v k
lut, kliiig chiu lm vic theo phn. CIl* cn l chc
v chi bi lung tung lurug ngi khuyn Hm hn,
]i c ng v qun i l nhng ngiri c c 11< 4 o-ii
nui nng dy d hu cho nn ngi.
Nhng con iigiri lun v ngc c tim, c c . v
tp hp nhau di ngn c Nhn vn Giai phm >
u c tim, c c kiu nh li.
i t im khi hnh v vang , chng lia liv
nh ca t sn phn ng v nhng pliU* tr c Iilii11
thnli tch bt ho lm ni hi hp, ly bn (t.1 thuc
phin im ni nghin ngm, bn bc m mu.
Trn Nhn vn Giai pham , clriig chi !U
ton nhng ch rt ku nh : v chnh ngha, vi t do
dn ch, xv dng ch , xv dng con ngi, chng
b phi..., v.v... Nhng gia, bn chng vi Iihnu v
vi nhng ngi chng mun kch , mun li ko,
chng trng trn bc l au c tham danh vng, hm
a v b i ca chng.
t t mn trn tinh t cao l (ti, kiu ngo, e
phnh nnh ch ngha anh hng c nhn., u c lnh
t ca nhau, chng t phong cho mnh v phong ln
cho nhau nhng chc tc, ngi th tng tiig rt
k quc : Tr-Phc v ng-nh-Hng l hai Ir ct
ca ngnh nhc Vit-nam ; L-Bt v Trii-Dn l hai
ng kim v ch v th; c tin ch Vn-Cao
khng thm ni danh trong nc m ch mu tnh
chuyn ni donh trn th gii (cng cn hi xem Vn-

108
Cio nh noi iQiV the no? Th gii ca ai?);
Hoii-Cain cho li iili l nigbcnht, ch cn
t th To-llfm lli mnh se tr uii ng kim v
ch
; Trii-Din say
^ sira ivAio n vic
nhn, (lu Vit-

nam s ihni!4 n mt
* InVc iirorng
* n mnh vi ci n oi
* l :
Xhhi* IIC) Iiluui sn.4 lo rt; iMimg-Quii m nim l
hii> h lp (ti lp li nhu* con vt my ting ( lcm ))f
\ (ti , l)l l* , v.v...
Danh n^i lli Unmg lng innv vn tth
chua , c 1 iil C11 t h m kht v m iru Lihii
([Iivcn cao cbiVc ri ) urc le. ciui< (ta tr lnh sn
nv
n * 1.O ni !)1* lu clii
o nh ( irv
liin.il ao thi
ic n.v chia cho ai, chc n (iih cho ai. Vi nhir ;
IIoiH-Cm, Traii-Daii, Lc-Bl, TiV-Phc Ihi nm ngnh
ny nili n, v.v...
l) l cha Hi ti vic, trong bn chii c ilu
k mun ni tieii i)i.'4 1*011. (tirii li ht linmg, ni
t i n g b a n g n h h u sii tc tl g u , (( i t r y )) t h e o
kiu M, noi tiig hang cch lp (li, c phl ngn. c
a u d l t li >i r c h c a c h Hlia t b u , q u c
hon lon phn mrc, phau u. Chng khii m xa
t u l n i g l i cliVi n a c a q u n . ehiii, c a th i i ,
chng bt chp ca uhii li rau can ch tnh ca Dui*.
Chng mun ((lim aiih liu th d l danh.
Tri lim Nhn van , cao thirig ca ch
kht kUK) chiuli vn<4, i vi hao nhieu tlii cuii thm
tuing tin bc, 1)0* sa... bay ihiu.
Nuvii-luTu-Ban.i, mi <k lih t d c chui tn
l c o c cao c nht )) troii bn chuig <t lng
c trit lv : (( Hm uav tUy thch ci o p th hn
i giay nuia ci o, Riv mai tny thm mt bt ph
ngon, thi li bn ci i\o \y i e n. bt ph .
Chng la !dii4 lay lm l nghe chuyn Phau-Klii
iu* nc hn. m Iro* Irii nga tav xin iieii uliun

109
Inl Ht bi Ih va mi trao cho hau clura ki> (aiu*.
Q hii la kliii* laV lm l thay thay Ir Trir<mj-T*u,
Bi-quan<-Doi c k, mc ca vi nhau l i <4 (tong khi
chia s lin n.hu1 1 . bt lp ( ia i p lu ii. Olun ta CII4
khng lv lm l li sao Iroii vic vav (|U\ vn hc,
nhng plHH V Nh;n V4I-- (ia i phan tranh nliai!
nliicu nlict v r Iigiri troii 1 ) 0 1 1 clu^ cn l mt liu*
lai vav ca 2 quv ca liai hi, lm Iri vi Iiuvii lac*.
Pliu-Qiin trni trao khoe (C([uven C h ih s m
clnh lao cung thv ti nlumg tao cun c t vo
nh xul bn (le liv tieu. Hoii<*-m eii a th alir
vic xut l)n lp Ih Hn kia sn<i itiq p v vcV
kch tnn Lo-cai l ii1iu*jlv4 hnh on<f liiii on
ca minh trong Nh xiut hau Hi nh vn vi mc
ich lm tin, V, V....
Lv tircVug lt ('lp v nhng vic lm cao ca vi
chn lv, v t (lo cia ahm pli hoi XI (in van
G ia i plianI l nlur th (tv ! Av l cha ni li niii
nnru clih tri cia cliliIIJ4 trong niav nam uav. (lli 1 1 1 1 1 4
pliu u v 1 1 li ng ci \ ? Diu tl! c co lin.<4 tra ni
tm hiii lo lot, chng CI1 . khi la l)ip irT ai...

Lu-THNG-Drxc;
Thi d 4-1 1958

...Ri siij4 vo ci ( Nli van G ia i p h i v,

chng ta thy hin. 111 Huyn hnh uTuni tn tc no
linh lliin, mt thm, nlum<4 I)II li 1)11011 van iiyli,
u h h i tn p lu u i c c li m a n g gi ( l i, lt c a b n d u i t
ngoc vi mt s Uiri van Mh l ch sa a (li li
phan <tn<4 ve d n l r.

110
 Trong (li S)]i4, nliii phn t < r yhn oan (ti(li
phtii (l Ir li l ulni I' cu m con quau J>, cng
i' nh u c ca nhi'n4< eli n li, ch nh th lu,
lOic nhm** ki* sn;4 "tia lim manh, kiii c t ng
tnmjf x hi. Khau hiu ca li l snj nli Lo, Trang
(nglin l s6n<* kltng lm *i), n ilnr Ur sn , lm
<Tn TiivV liouu o mi Troiu*
* ' the
t, h l)' tha rin.ni

ch, (, tliuoe phin, t hv hoi i h v hy
hoi gia nh h, liri ci chiu bi rt (lm sii chtn
Iht va i (lo > .
Ve chinh tri, vi c hm rit ci kieu sng liri
l)iii<4 v (l man ca giai cp l)c lt li11 bm, h hc
bo, th h n cliii li c u c SII{4 lao n g Uay thii,
h chii li ch (l ta, ui ta, <te cui cui th vi
vo lav hu th ch ca T quc, ca ihi dn.
Trong tam hn h a khng cn ch cho mt cht
\(n\
~ vu iirc,
' ' ho suv tiiil : noi IUO oS11i suix
r>
stri thi n i rV 1i\ T (AIC .
Ve ngli thut, h khoe khoang ci mi, nlum
klii giu ni ai ci ui cu rch ca ngh thut t
sn SL1V (ti. ll luu h phim mc vo ch tu,
bu mi (l bu ll ca cch mii l khug i n au,
khii c thnh lch \, lumg h li r11 r lnh
lirtt vm qu liuh oi H hav l i khug lv irc om
th anh dit , v.v...
Nliuii^ con lUiri llur vy, Inrc kia trong khng
chin, hau h(;l (t n trnh n UVii, liii num, lm mi
rcl nu tlin yu u, uhiriig cho qun. chng lao
<1n* o mu, (l mi) hi hv sinh, chia au. Nhmi
1UIV, sii itx uhii lpIiiri xa hoa, ngi mt u
bt vng , h hii l Ihv mnh phai tr thnh nhu
vt tLn plioii* >\ < (lung cm thiili COL1 igi

111
thi (ti)), <
r trung tm ca d la . Nhimg ihi i
chng ta khng cn. l thi (ti cho nhng k bc lt
v la bip c the honh hnh, l c ta CUI h ni
bm ri xung.
NGYN-DNH-THI
Nhn dn, s 1.511, ngy 1-5-198

...R RNG L NHNG N M*,

LUN
IU PHN CCH MNG
C H THNG

Ho Nhn vn v cc tp Giai phhm r vi l

i ch vi ch , vi ch ngha xa hi. Khig ])hi
ch khi bo Nhn van cp thii nhng vn e chih
tr n mi c lun iu , m khi 11 cp nurng
van (t vn ha, vn il, th ing ca 11 vn
ch l mt. Troug nhii sng tc vn ngh ca Nhn
vn Giai ])hm c hieu hin r thi xu i vi
ng ta, ch ta. Theo ti ngh, tnh cht phn (tong
a biu hin ra * mt
* s nt nli sau :
1 Bi nh ch ngha em sn l khii nhan
vn, l (( ch p con ngi , bi nh nhng Uig
viu cng sn l (( khng l khm* tim )), khus plmi
cng sn chn chnh , xuyn tc s gio dc ca Bng
l rp khun au c va tm hn van hc ngh thut
x hi ch ngha l cng thc, gi to J>, ra nhung
thi s my . Diriri chiu bi cao cou ngiri )> ,
chng cng thc bo < Nhn van Giai phm
a (le cao ch ngha c nhu, l do c nhin,
i quvn l (lo )' cho nhng li sng v tinli cm
ich k try lc.

112
 2 Phn i chuyn chnh, i dn. ch , l
do theo li l sn Irn mi mt chinh tr, kinh t,
van ha. B kch l Mu dch, qun l h khu, Bu
(tin, c quan bo ch, bnh vin, cho ti Quc hi, ni
chung l t kch vo l) my Xh ic ca ta, i t
<lo (li lp vi Cliuh ph, trong lc bn. phn ng
ang in imru ph hoi v mi vi gii Ur sn (taii*
tiu c 111 la.
.' B u a ra chiu hi chug sng bi c nhu
e xuyii tc s luli o ca Dang l ng tr , l
s c (ton ca mt b phi quan liu mu thun,
vi quyn. ]i qun chng. tc m (ti lp qun clui'
vi lnli o, khch qun, chng chii luh o.
Nh Iroii* mt lun. im kh (liu hni ca Trng-
Tu cho rang nhii lc 1u'(Tii' sn xut dn lc,
c cch mng ii phng thot ch quc v
phong kin, ung vp phi trong b mv quan h sn
xut mi, nhng chinh sch, nhng t chc, ulmg tc
phong lnh o, nhng cu b chp hnh cn tr' bc
ng phi trion ca n . ng ch l 1nn iem
v cc lun iem lng l c a ra v phi Irien
ve nhicu kha cnh rong lc cuc u tranh gia cli
Uhi x li v ch ngha l bn din ra hng Iigy
(V miu Hc, m Nlin vn Giai pham khii he
nhc ti, lm nh khng c cuc u tranh .
4 1hiuh nnh u c quc gia ch ngha t sn, i
kch Lin-x, cho s gio dc con niri Lin-x
l rp khun , vn hc ngh thut Lin-x l cng
thc , khng c gi tr. Vin vo khu hiu trm hoa
ua u <t xuvn tc ng li vn. hc ngh thut
ca Truag-qui-, lm huh nli irR li chi vi
ng li Lin-x. Ivlii tlv Trung-quc chng ch
ngha xt li, th li c i tim inl tli irng li
cng sn dn tc noi khc.

113
 3 Ph nhn nhng thnh tich to ln ca nhu
du la, ca ng tu trong cii cuc xy (lii min
ltc v (lau lrnn.il thng ulil mrc L i h , pli ului nhng
kt C|iiii to ln ca cai cch rung l, ulrug tluh
tch trong vic khi phc kinh t, phi trin vn ha,
ph nhn nhng thnh tch m vn Iigl ta t (tirc
l snu ( " c h n u m t h n g T m , c h o ran.f VU1 l g li m i
cua ta km vn ngli* hi thuc Php. Thi phng nhng
k l i u v c i i e m v e m i m a i c a in, XUV1 t c i e o r a o
hoi nghi hoang mang v hi en che ta.
6 Kcng v? van nglu% thi trong <rXli i)(in
pl)) a ? xirii trm hoa un n* >
) theo li l
phi v chinh ph hoa lnh, hoa dc, hon lli, hoa
thom *) u c quven n* t (lo nlur nhau. Thc cht
l 1V i hy b s lauli o ca Dii, 11CU khau hiu
(( tra van iili ve cho van ngh , . vn ih v chinh
tr v vai nhau hai ha CUU c li , v .v ...
Ni tm li, bo Nhn vn v cc tp sch
phai (l tp truiig mt cch kh cticn hnh nhng th
t lng chng Bang, chng ch , chng ch ngha
xa hi Iren nhng vn. e nguyn tc cn bn, cng
nhir trong lig ml 011 tho ca i sU. c ili ni
nliiu lp lun xuyn lc trii t ho Nhn vn v nlumg
tp j/W p l i a m , f f f i k h n g klc g nlUTi l p l u a
* ci kho tuvu Iruven xuvu tc ca. (( th gii t do
Mv. Mt nl khc, Nhn vn 67/ phm tp
ruii* vo e xirn ( ch ngha t tlo t sn. V
chinh tr v vn Ngh. Khuynh hinVii t lum ig ca bo
A7ui/ ///I v cc tp sch 67*// plum l nt biu hiu
ighicm trii v xu nht ca Ur UriVng tu* san (V mrc
ta vc thnh tri v van Ii^h hoiu llicVi txn va qua.
Ml c im ca bo Nhn vn v uhii tp sd
Giai phm i re 11 rao la bp phau u cho ch ngha
Mc Lc-niu clum chinh , t nguvcut (tng (Uri s

114
lnh o ca ng , dng cm ni s tht vi ng ,
nhng Irn thc t Ih xuyn tc ch igha Mc
L-nin, kch s lnh o thc ti ca Bng, bi mc,
x xicn, bp mo s tht bi en i sng ch
ta. Trong Nhn vn Giai phm c nhng hi
hng, nhc ta nh li nhng th lun iu mun
cng sn chn chnh th ])hi chng Bng cng sn
ca bn t-rt-kt ngv tnrc.
Bo Nhn vn v cc tp sch tini plin gi
ng vo ch nga ca tt c nhng k luyn tic ch
c v x hi thi nt c. Mt vi gii t sn ng
h n, v h hi cho n. M Dim min Nam b
nhiu cng sc thi phng n, c v n. iu khng
c g l, v nhng t tirig chng Bng, chng ch
ngha x hi khug the 11O trnh khi i iirc li
quyn, l i ti cao ca T quc, ca ilin dn ta.

NGUYN-BNH-THI
Tp ch He tp, s 3 thng 3 nm 1958

GI V CNG NHN s LNH O CA DNG

RI KCH VO DNG, VO CN B

Trc ht hy ni ve thi ca h i vi s
lnh o ca ng. Tron bi ((Bnh sng bi c nhn
iroiK gii inh o van ngh)) (Giai phm ma thu,
tp 1), Trii-Tu gi v cng nhn Bng lnh o
vn ngh l mt tt vu lch s , ri i tr li
quyn iu khin chuyn mn cho nhng ngi
chuyn mn 9. Trong bi Vn ngh v chnh tr V
(Giai pham mn ng), Trng-Tu tin ln mt

llo
bc nfm, xuvn tc bi To chc Bng v vn hc
c (ii iih }> ca L-uiu, ch nhc li on L-Iiin
ni v c im ca vn hc, nhng khng nhc ti
on Lc-nin khiig inh s lanh (lo ca Bn doi vi
vn hc. Lm Lihir vy, Trng-Tti c thm V mun
tch ri vn igh ra khi chnh tr, xui gic vn Hh
s Ihot lv (hrng li vn ngh ca ug, thot ly s
lnh (to ca ng.
Clniig ta u bit rng Iroiii bi (( T chc tU
v vn hc c ng tinh , L-nin ni k ti c im
ca ci tc vn hc, nhng (tng t h i cung R i : S
Uep van hc phi tr thnh b phn trong ton
b s Uiip c a (jia i c p v s n . . . S H icp v n hc
phai tr thnh mt b phn cu to iroi CH tc
(j... CI(J tc c to chc, c k Ioch. X lu r yv l
Le-niii khng nh Bng phi lanh do vn hc c
v t chc lu chuyn 111011. Ve Iiguycii tc, nu nhu*
vn ngli l v kh u tranh ca giai cp, v nu giai
cp v san sau khi nm chinh quyn phi lliit lp
ngay nn v sau chuyn ehiah, thi 13ng lah o vn
ngh l l lt uhicu. Hung chi, trong tinh hnh hin
nay, ll ca nhng mu thuu chinh trong cuc sng
u do Bng pht hin ru va c ng li ch trirug
e giai quvi. The ii quan ca giai cp v sn l
chuh xc nht, n giip cho nli vn nhn thc c
nii mi van. phc tp ca cuc sii. Trong thc
t, ch c iieu vn hc do n<* luh o mi l nn
v n 1)0 0 I i l i a o n h t , v 11 p h c v c h o n h n d n
lao dii, cliu s* nghip ci to xa hi, gii phng loi
ngi, Tron thi i nv, khng c mt agtri cm
bt no phc v cho bn bc lt, chng i li ii
ca giai cap v sn m li c uhii (lan cng nhu
l nh V11 cln chnh c. Clii c cng nhn s luh
o c a D a ii, n h v n m i c th p h t i r i n t i n n g

110
ca mnh (ln. tt v mcVi c nhn dn yu mn.
Tm li, Bng lnh o vn Iigh khng iihm l l
tt nhin m cn l iu cn thit cho bn thu vn
ngh
n s na.

Di (ta s vn ih s chng ta chng a cng nhu

s lnh o ca (ti hi irc ui huli o (t
sao ? Tririi-Tr IKMI trong khi niiru thc y
vn ih s pha 11 i s lanh o ca ng, nu khng
phiu l mun. clnui I (ti chch con ii quaii vinh
(o ii ra, l ra sv lao (ln<4ih thut (te phc v
cng nng l)in.!i,)Iie v Iiha dn, phc v cch mng.
Trmmg-Tu vit : u S thc lch s cliii minh
c Iliei Diu/ l h l ca qiai cp v sn m k
tll phn li (Uen li ca giai cp v san (nluv tii
x hi cc ntv&c i bn, Dnq mm-s-vcl Xqa...) .
Trircmg-Tu a ra luu iu nv trong khi (t kch
tX fa, xui gic vaII ngh s chng li s luh
o ca Dang l c n lm cho mi Iigiri iiltii
lm iig ta phm hi (iiven li ca giai cp v sn,
ca nhn dan, Tm a ca Trirng-Tu qu
r rng . . .
Bc qua mt t tc phm* ca h, Iihir Xinq
ngi k h r )) c a T ru -D uv, Bc i h i r (ri m t
ncr bn c ca Trau-l-Vn, Chng tham lng
ph ca Phng-Qun. (Giai phm ma thu tp I v
tp II), Con nqiri Trn-)(n ca Hong-Cm (Nhn
vn s 1), eh if ta tliav h hi bc cu b, b (ti la
thnh nhng Un.<* ngiri hn ha, quaa liu, tham ,
lng ph, (tc (ton, hch (lich, tm li l\ kling tim ,
khn<* c , (lng khinh, (tng ht.
N1*0;li ra, ll o b mv lnh (lo ca ta, t Trung
iroivg cho (lu cc b phu nh Mu dch, Cng an,
Thu vu, V. V. . . u l) cc tc phm trong ho
Nht lm , trong Giai phm bi nh, xuvn tc.

117
 Tri li, nliiT* nhu vl nUir mi anh n<kin ht,
n cp (trong ii Nm Clii ca Phaa-Khi), mt
con , mt tn cp (trong Bch-.ru-ra ca Thv-An),
mt tn vit gian cao cp, mt tu s quan troiig qun
i ctch trung thnh vi qnc (trong Trng hp
tii qun ca thin I Lm cng ca Thv-An), li
tr thnh nhng ngi ng thng, ng yu, nhng
ixgi yu nc ng hc tp !
V-C-PHC
Bo Thng nht, s 42, ngy 23-3-195X

...Tu liu l lluyt mu Ihuu gia lc lircmg

sn xut (ln tc vi b mv quan h sn xut mi .
Ci g l lc lii< sn xut dn tc. Ci g l h
n ([uan h sn xut mi ? Ch ngha nghe ngu dt
k5 l vy ? Nhng nu chi' hin l Tu dt th gin,
n. Ci d lm ca Tu vn l ph hiu ti ahir
hn a ni. Ngha l ph ci hin ti ca ch chng
ta do xirng mu ca nhn du ta lm cch mng mi
xy dng nn, ngha l Tu mun chng ph Nh urc
cch mng. Tu vu nhiu chnh quyn cch mng bng
con mt cm th, vu khng b niv Nh nc l h
thng quan liu nhai li lun iu ca tn T-rt-ky
vu khng ngi bn-s-vch l th li bu giv . Tu
trng i hc nu ci thuyt mu thun v ra c
km theo luu iu sp c chuvn bin m i . Chng
d in sinh vin bn' cu sm bn ma y tc
ng tinh llin sinh vin vi thm mong mun, c
mt cuc g ging nh cuc phin lon Hung-ga-ri,
nu nh th thi hn Trng-Tu ngh s khug
ch ginh quva lnli o vn ngh m thi, bit u

118
li chng i xa hn, cliy sang c a ht chnh tr
v mt ci g. Tu cng go to : Ph hin ti ,
Bang khng bit lnh o kinh t' vn ha , cho
tir bn phi trii, (t lin ln x hi ch ngha mau
qu! (the m nm lM< Ti'ru kn phi lp ml
trn cm* nng ngay, tin ln. x hi ch nlia ngay).
Tu c111* t h o i cht men bt phc tng d tnivn
t lirii* v chinh ph vo sinh vin. Trong thi gian
giii <ly Inrii, hau ct xn l lun. Mc hao
cho cho cc llr l thuyt IW ca hn.
Trong s sinh viu tht (13 c mt s ngi b
cliH x mi nh liii-qiian-Boi, H-thc-Ch. Trong
vn Iih c11;_> c s il ngi nh Phiig-Quu (mi
hc lum 1<V|> l)i m niiiL vo Di hc ct c Tu
chm gian, (tim (lnl im vo i hc lm tuy chu)
phc Tu nh Ihiili snt, coi Tu ni nh (' li m <u,

Tu ni g khi iiig (ly? Tu (t vu khng

uig l hin tng tha ha trng Bi hc co
ng Ir c Bng c th v Bng tru Uriig, c
th bao gi ciiig c sai lm, vy mi giai on cn
c mt ng mi > Trung ng Bng chia hai phc
con ngi mi l con ngiri nng thu chn
thu mua, thnh th chng mu dch, tri thc chng
chnh sch bo ch ). Tu gy thc thot ly s lnh
o eii Bng. Cu the l tu cng vo cn 1> luli o
ca L)an< trong Di hc, ni xu cc o s tl e
chia r gio sir vi sinli viu, xui <>1110sinh vin chng
li l chc. Tu li sinh viu lin ch Jihn lch Ihc
t x hi ta, chng li (irug li, chinh sch cn bn
ca ug.

119
 Tu <1 cao qu ng Vfi-trng-l*hn{ klii phi
v thiu , v vn hc, cao c thnh phu sc dc,
(lm Irong cun Ging l, S ni rng
khug c Bii lnh o nh vn vn vit c nhng
tc |)h;m c >i tr v vn ngh s cn sng sut hn
Bng, c vn cho Bng, plit iin VII cho ii* bit K.
B NG-S-NG Y N
Ho Tii/I phong, s 282, ngy 23-4-1958

TNG RNG THI c BN...

Vo gia lc Hung-ga-ri v P--iian c mt

bn phiu lon. nh ph hoi Ihuh qu ca cch mng ;
(V ta, ng tch cc sa cha nling sai lm mc
phi trong ci cch rung t, Phan-Khi mt tn
nm ln phn cch mng vng dy h to b nhl thi-
(l, th nht thi (l (xira mt thi, nav li mt thi).
Xguvii-lru-tang ang nm nh Minh-Bc lm qun
sir qut ino cho tu li ch Trn-thiu-Bo cung vi
chy ra irrt ira di sch phn ng vo tay nhm
Giai phim ma Xlm , cuig vi Phau-Khi, Tri-
I)uy ko Tra-Dn, L-t, Hong-Cm n hp bn
ra bo Nhn on , khoc o ch ngha xt li
chng ph luh o. Nhir vt ngi thy mu, Thv-
An.nh ru b ti cu lc b Hi nh vn phun nc
c mt sl ch ta bn cng ha nhn dn . Ngu
tm ngu m lm m, nhng phng qu qui tinh
ma, chung quy k cp bm gi gp nhau. Chng ngoc
ngay vi nhau. Tnrng-Tu bo vi TrSn-c-Tho :
Trng i hc si? l pho i ca chiig ta. Tu
cng tng v l mt thi , v ngc bo vi niv

120
Umi thn tin. : To-rl-ky l (v ch au )) v tung tin
vo m sinh viii : T-rt-kv c phc hi .
Tnrcmg-Tiru chia tay Iiim Sln vn Giai plni
v t mi . Tu klroe vi thu tn : Do nv thc
sut dm cliua bi cho Nln vn hn qu . Bn chng
111) tr ehiu hi tram hoa ua n' . Nnmg quan
e h i kliiU n h a m q u i u i chinj t h a })it r n g : i
hoa li ni) Iilum<4 phtrii c nhan l bn Phan-Khi,
Xuyn-hu-I)ang, Tnnmg-Tu, Trn-Duv, L-t v
hao nhiu tn ph hoi klic...
BNG-S-NGYKN
Ho Tin phong , s 282, ngy 23-4-1958

RA sc TC NG TINH THN QUN CHNG,

PH HOI
CHNH TR*

Ho Nhn van (ta c mi tc dng ph hoi tinh

thn, u c tir linmg ngiri c khng km mt
c quan. tc (tng linh thn ca ch (V ngav gia
min Bc chng ta. N kieh sut hrt cc c quan
chnh quyn hay (ton the ca ta : t iii chp hnh
Hi vn ngh, n qun cti, cng au, h khu, t s
ho ch en Mu ich, Biru (tin, t Quc hi ctn
Chinh ph, Trung irtni D a i i m tron^ khi (t kch
nlx th, 11 a hon ton ng tru quan im ca 1>11
phn (tug trong ii t sau, ca bu t-rt-kt v c
ca bn M Dim min Nam na m chng ch
la. N<*iivou-lifru-I):uig trc tip ch o t u
n cui cng cuc pli hoi biig bo chi iv.
Xuyii-hrru-aig c ci rt xo quyt l luv c bn
gin ip Thv-Au cung trong nhm, nhng ang

121
 khog cho Thy-Au v nhng tn khc l mt c
vil bi la bo. ang mun giu tu11*4 tch ca bo
Nhn vn. Nhng tht ra, bo Nhn vn khng phi
ch ph hoi theo k thut bo ch phn ng thng
thirn*; m theo mt th kv thut ph hoi c
nnj* ln mc linh vi, thm c, m Irirc (ty Vit
tu x v cc l)o ca phii nhi , ca phng
chin tranh tm 1 , cm i tc ng tiiih than t
trong vng lm l) chim v by i iilu~r!X< c ([uan
ngn lun chng cng ' min Nam vn quen img,
nn ta khiv* the khng thy c u vt bn Thy-An
trong .
T s 1, ho Nhn liii chuyn mnh sang vn (t
chinh Iri. Tre , s cng phn ngy cn> _
>rnnnl lit
ca nhn (ln i vi hnh ttii* |)h lio ii ca bo
Nhn vn lm cho mt s k tham gia nhm
tm nao nng, ngn ngi... ang nm c linh hinli
t tng y ca ng ng, ni*11 trong mt cuc hp,
ang gi v bn, lnh mt cho Trn-c-Tho n
thng l tirng . ang cu vin n Tntn-e-
Tho cng c tinh thn, trong hng ugi, v Bang v
c ci u no chnh tr nhm Xhii vn (iai
phm ... u sp a hot ng ca nhm y vo mt
bc quyt lit. Io Nhn vn ngay t s u r rt
l c tinh cht chnh tri ph hoi ri. lv gi bo Hi
chuyn sang chnh tr, chnh l ni chuym saii|4 cnin
b hnh nq
%J chnh tr...
*

Lc v, nhm phn ng (t pht trieu c lc

lng v nh hng thm lng ri hn. na. Tnrng-
Tu v Trn-c-Tho i hc <t li ko c mt
s sinh vin, tp dt cho h lm chnh tr phn ng
bng cch bt u chng i li lnh o nh trng,
kch vo t chc ca ng nh trmg, ra tp
t mi, ph hoi k lut sinh hot v hc lp.

122
 Lc y, ciug l lic v bo (tug phn cch mng
v a 1X0 r a I l m i g - g u - r i , l m cm phau uh ug ngi
thit llta vi crli ina x hi ch ngha, nhng li
gy thm cung vng gian c cho nhng ke th ch
vi ch ta, trc nht l bu cm u nhm
Nhn vn (iiai ph .
Chng li cho l Trim ong ang v Chinh ph
ta khng the no giai (iivt ni hao nhiu kh khn
dn dp hi cui nam 197)0 : (V nng tln, sai lm trong
ci cch rui t cha sa xoug cn lm cho lng
lir cha on kt li uh trc; * thnh ph, nn
u CO lch tr lm gi h i l m ng ng, lm nh
hng n sin.il hot ca mi tng lp nhn dn lao
ng; vi xiix cng gio, bn phn ng i lt
thy
I/ tu n . roi loan.
ixy
Ri vv, chmj4 eixii quvct tm v mnh hot ng
ca Nhn vn Giai phm )).
Ngay l s , bo Xln iHn a c bi N lc
p h t t r i h t d o d n c h ca Trn- c-Tho, n v a
a ra mt c s l lun, va c tnh cht mt cng
ln li u tranh. Bn s 4 v s 5 lun hai k XI lun,
Nguyn-liu-ang pht triii r hn na kin ca
Tho v ra nhng khu hiu u tranh c th i
thi huh cc t (lo n ch nh t do ngn lun, t do
xut bn, t do hi hp v t chc, t do eir tr, i li
trong mrc v ngoi urcVe, v.v... Cc quyn. t do dn
ch ca nhn dua ta (a c m bo r rug trn
hin php v thi hnh trong thc t t khi thnh lp
ch dn ch nhn dm. Ti sao bn Bang li cn
nu ln phi (tu tranh i thi hnh na? R 5 rng l
bn chng niui xui gic ngi ta (ti mt th t do
khc, mt ch khc... Nen thm rng cmg Iroug
s 5 v c mt hi ca L-t C( Bi hc a-lan v
Hung-ga-ri > va bo chua cho bn phn cch mng
Hung-ga-ri, va ngm c e tnrtVc ri> 1X01* khng
m rng t do dn ch (llieo it cii l do hot
n q c a b n p h n c c h m n g ) thi ctv cng c the
xv ra chuvn nh Hung-ga-ri...
Nhng bi trn mi ch l s chun. hi tuvn truyn
cng khai trn mt bo. Cn trong ni b nhm Nhn
vn Giai pham , hOU nhng i lirug vn (.lng
ca chng, bn ang C11 ehuii b nhii * uhi ?
IIong-Cm, Phan-Vu cliLV< nliii l trong khong
thi gian ughc Xguvu-hii-Bang ni n vic
thnh lp mt ng qun chng . Cuii* chinh loi*-
Cm, Phan-V v mt s ngi tham gia Xliit van lm
th rng, b kieh thch mi hi iihrii Uiu iu
ca ang v ca Tho, n hi v cBii tham 111011.1* c
biu tnh thay i Cliuh ph, hoc it ni buc
Chnh ph thav i ng li cn b.
u s 6, bo Nhn van (khii c ra), Daa<4 vit
mt bi x luu na. Bi ny nng ln ci mc quyt
lii trng trn xui gic qun cluuig bin tinh. L-Dt vn
l mt k liu lnh, hung hng, vv m ciug phi
pht s, em cha li giu bt nh ca itmi* la
i. Chnh ph v nhn dn ta, lc v, kp thi U*11
chn c hot iig ca bn ph hoi Nhn vn
Giai phm , nn chng khng the i qu thm mt
bc na trn ng phm ti vi T que, vi Iihn
dn. l mt ci phc la cho chng.
Nhiig bn u s, nht l Bang, thi khng th
ngui c 4 ni tic 1)0 mt mt thi c tt .
Mi v sau, mi gn y thi, ang cn ni vi mi
ngi bn: K hi tao cht, tao ch C1V u hn l lc
khng lm c mnh hu na ! Bang hm hc
v khng thc hiu c mu lt ii,
thay i ch .
NH-PHONG
Khn dn, 12-5-1958

124
 ., . Chng ta (ta tly bn ph hoi Nhn vn
( i a i p u i n a ii\ r a n lu T u g tc h i l a :
a) Bn dch mihi Nam (tu dng t Nhn vn em
iriu Im, iii li, plil tliah, tuyu truycu trn bo...
e xuvu tc s thi (V miu Bc. Chug li ng
cuc (tu Iranh ca dn ta chni 1)011 ph hoi Nhn
vun Giai plim (te vu khng miu Bc. Chng
cho in ra tp sch i. XIki nn ffairs (V Nhu vn)
bang tiii Anh (le lu V11 Iruvu xuyii tc min Bc
khug c t do.
J>) * min. liac gia iih'ii< lc ag v Chnh ph
) nhiu kh khin, nc (tc ca bn Shn vn Giai
puun uiig ra lm clio tinh th thm rc ri, gay go.
Bn ian. lliir<ni<4 au c Irc k/i, irc dip ph
ha l kch Mu dch ([UC (loiuih, ku go i t do
kinh oauh v imaii o o Iihieii i chia thi triru
o vi
Nh nc.
NlnTii l lu xa hi tha c ngc dy : gi
, lu manh, cao ])i, (tng bng, bi tou, h tc,
i chiu bi t do (lu ch >y li phc hi, tc hi.
i vi cc ta V l*|) nhau du, bn ((Nhn vn
Giai pm da hot ii nhu* mt c quau tc .ug
tinh than gieo rac hoan" mang, hoi nghi, chn nn
uh hng ln en siui xul, cng tc, hc tp.
c) KiiU trong thanh nin,<lo nh hirii' ca Nhn
vn Giai hnt 9 nWfm< hiu tira ngng nghnh,
y scli l>tra bai, a kich lnh o, v kv lut, t do
v t chc, yu trii lung tung, u ni v trch nhim,
u c li> )!it trii v y it nhiu rc ri, kh khau
troii! cc (rU hc, co* quan, cng trng, trn cc
dirii|4 ph, cc ni cii cn<*.
Cu phi ke (tn. ihii tc hi khng lircm (tc
do mt s gio vi n. Irc tui hc phi ci ]>a c ca
bn Trng-Tu, Trn-c-Tho, ctcm gieo rc trong
u c ce em hc sinh nh, C11 phai kc (ti mt s
vn. ngh s tr tui it hu bit, t kinh v^Uiin, l)
iuili hu bii ((Nhn vn (iai plii (ti vo con
ng lm lc m n. nav thot ra khi C11 l mt
chuyti kh khn.
3 l cha k n nhng cn tr ln bn chng
a gy ra cho phong tro vu ngh ca chng ta trong
my nm qua, nhii thi v liu ca ng l dnh
vo sn xuat, xv clii phi 1)0 ra (te u tranh vi
chng v nhung nh hirii tai hi (lo chng gieo rc.
NGYX-VNH
Tin phong , s 289 ' 290

L DNG T DO BO CH V VN NGH
BN CHNG B! M t v c n g k h a i
PH HOI CCH NNG

... c J)C th liol t1U, Nuyii-hu-taii li

xiu vo cng tc - l)o Van I(jh, Iihirii* mi mt hn
vu lm qun SU cho tu li 1)11011 vn ngh Miuh-Dc.
Cun ((Giai phm ma iU m ton lhii* hi l
do v chiuh ph, t tiriig phau (t11*4 ca Tru-Du,
L-Bt, Hoag-Cum, Vtt-Gao, V. V...
Nhu lp hc 1< S Iiv (lo Hi vn ngh t chc,
Ngiivu-hu-aii<* nhaV ra c mt ban tham luii
ny la, uhm a kch vo irmg li vn ngl cii
ng, do Xguyiv-hu-Baii li ko irc mt s
vn Uli s bt mu vit cho nh Miiili-v, lip tc
ra ci G iai phin ma llm tp 1, tp 2 , V . V . . .
 Nhn c cuc phin lon Hung-ga-ri, v sn trong
mrv an'4 c cuc phi hin sai lm trong ci cch
rung t, Nguvu-lhi-aag ng ra vn ng t chc
ho Xlii ixtn vi mt s vn ugli s m aiX nm
(tc, ng (tu l PTiiui-Klii lm ch nhim , Tru-
I)uvV lm ch ht .
Diing (tua Plnui-Klii v Trn-Duy ra mt ch
nhim v ch ht Xhii vn cho d b hnh ng
bn. troii.
Mt mt, hn lin kt vi mt nhm t sn phn
n'* vin lr- lin cho ho Nhn oan m hn
tnm<4 ln bo (lan.il sch p tiu ca mt s vn ngh
s X l (n lm s 1) : niiri 1 vn, n<*iri vn (vHoitg-
Cm uhiTut 10 vn n<4 m thc t th Hong-Cm
th riig: khii* c ng no c).
Trong khi (t, nh Minh-Bc vn liu tc ra u
Giai piirn v sch (do Trirng-Tu ch trng v mt
biu lp). Tin (V u ra ? Ai ch trng y nh Miii-
tc xul bn nhng sch c T lc vn on v mc
vo Hi vn. ngh lm l k nim Vu-trng-Phng ti
Nh lit ln e nJ*v J uv/ tn?

Dang chuu l) mt s vn ngh s tch cc ca

(t )hm thnh mt khi trung kiu trong i hi
vn. ngh ton quc ln. th 2, phn khng, ph
phch ; nhng mi c 111I vi phn t ln ting ph
nhng th tc khc, Bi hi ph phn ngav, phi im
ln.
D
Nguyu-luTu-Dang s dng th on ph phch
ca hu rt r tru bo Nhn vn : hn p diig cch
lm ho, t1 (lon lp l e nh ta. Bang (lng li
H Ch tclr ang ln ho lm l chn nh vo cu
b ang (Nhn vn s 1). Hn trieh n. c hc tnh hoa
khng c li ph phn m (lng khu gi s nghi

li 7
ng ca ngi c v bn cMt ch . Hn hng
n cc nh vn. vit Nhn vn ton ui* cch vit
biu tim<* lp l (svmbolc quivoquc) d mt mt
tuvn l) quan liu m kv thc l kch vo Ban".
Nu kliu hiu : plioug kin, nhng llre cht l a
ch ta. U nht l ihi' bi Thi s my , V Con
n<ja ]i(i ca cha Trnh c th lm cho Iii nii
cn mt tinh thn, ht tiu tng vo linh cht u vil
cia ch la v nhn ti
THI-QANG
-ni hng ngy, 19-4-1958

... ni miru ca chmg khng phi ch nhm

kch lanh o vn ngh ca ii trong quan i, m
kch s luli o vn. ngh khng chin ni chung
CUI ug v Chnh )h la e i vo con trng ngh
thut tu* sn phn ng. Khng phai ngu nhiu m
chng chn tp th Vit lc ca T- l 11 (lo ph buli.
Chng ta bit tp th Vil tc l mt trong nhng lp
th tiu biu cho th ca khnl chiu v T-Hfru l
ngi c Trung irii v Chnh ph ta fia cho nhim
v lanh o vn. Iigh. H ir*c tp th Vit Bc v h
c T-lu xung l h c c gi tri vn ngli
khug chiu xuiig v h (tc s lanh o vn ngh ca
13ng v Chnh ph xung. m imru ca cling l Hm
trong m mu chung ca bn Mv Dim v nhng phn
t t sn phau ng. Khug phiu ngu ihiu m lc
bo Ni tht ca Hong-eiig-Klumh, trch ng khiig ch
thch r rng hi <( S chia tay (a vn ngh vi chnh
t r i ca L-Tn ni v s chia tay gia vn Iigh cch
mng vi chinh tr phan dng ca Quc dn dii'. Cho
i\g bi mt cch lp l' nhu* vv l (te gy hoang
iimng dao ng v i n. li ko vn ngh s tch ri
s lnh o ca Bng v Chnh ph ri chag li s
lnh o ca ng v Chnh ph.
m mu ca cliiuig tht bi. S ii vn ugh s
la phn i chng. Bn Trtt-Du, T-Phc li tin
ti mt birc phn dng v hn hc cay c hu. Sut
mt thi gian (li, chng lun ra nhng li chi bi
v cng u cng.
...Khng phi chm' cli kch ng v Chinh
ph ta v mt vn ngh. Chng cn chi c ch la
mt cch rt lu nhn, v vi mt thi cm th
khn<* khc g bn phan ng nht trong phe quc.
Chng vu khng ch ta l cng sn thi trung c
(communisme du movcii ge), l cng sn phong kin
(comnumisinc foal), ch ta l cng sn suv i
(gnrescencc du communisme), chng xuyn tc v
nguyn ra chnh hun ca la l i try tinh thn
(avilissement de l'esprit), l n dch ha t tng
(csclavage de la peuse). Chng ch diu chnh sch
i ng ca ta l bng lc vua ban, hun chng
ca ta l m ay ca quc. Khttg khc g Phan-
Khi v ch ta vi mt triu i phong kin
no .
Chng ngi chi bi u cng nh vy ri tng
bc nhau l < anh hng , l (lng cm , dm 11
s llit . Ai phn i chng li th chng bo l I1
l , l nnh thn , l cng sn au l i (communiste
verbcux) ; v c ln chinh Tru-Di tm lv c mt
dng chi lc lm trng phng Vn ngh qun i
m chi v chc uh. Chnh ci hnh nh cn ny
c Nguvn-liCru-an.g trng tro v liu int xoay
ngirc li ri g1 cho S-Ne v li thnh bc tranh
ng chi lloi-Thanh nm c Tru-Drt trn bo
Nhn van,

129
 ... v t ch T th bn chng chia ngi ra nam eo
scV Hi nh vn. d hau phi Ur Urug , 1114
on t tng. Lng on t tirii dc th tt nhin
lng on (tc cc mt khc ( dng. Bi vo thc
hin, chng Itghiu cu ch yu nht ca trug ngi
hoc gai vo ch nga ihi ca lii iii kch
ln. Nhir i vi T-Hoi thi Trii-Du (la cho L-)l
tii bc T-IIoi ln l < iroii kiin v cli ve sng
tc )) v kch T-Hoi vit bi Irn bo Van d chng
li ho Hc tp. Nh di vi Vn-Cio, khi trin lum
xong c yu cu Tru-Dii vit cam Urii ve Phng
tru lm ca mnh, Trii-Dn khug vit ngay m hi
cm tirng Vn-Go tlie no ri cn c vo V kin ca
Vn-Gio m vit, li khch thm vo (t xi Vii-Gio
cling li nli o. Nhir i vi Plmg-Quu v Phan-
Vu th ch tririi chng cn xi gic mt vic
c th, ch can khch mt cu Dl Phui-Quii v Phau-
Vu su sng lm mi vic m Trn-Du nuiii, nh
Phmg-Qun v Phau-Vu a t kietn tho l troaj Ihi
k Nhn vn clcr khi c biu tnh n ra l su sng
xung phong vc c di u v cam sng bn vo Bang
v Chinh ph.
IING-CNG
Qun i nhn dn, s 437
ngy l -4-1958

... L-Dt a vit Hi hc vi la-lan v Hiq-qa-

ri trong Nhn nan s 5 , k I1V l Nui quan st ,
clu ngay hn cnli hi \\ luu kch i ([Iiu chng
ca Nuvii-hii-aiii Hin php Vit-nam 1 9 Ui v
hin php Trunq-hoa , troii c Iilimig on ni en
quyn ca ngi cng (lau c t clic biu tnh

130
tuan hnh thi uy. Hai rn Dt (tun ra ntumg nliiii (iiili
nguy hiein cho linh hmli Iic ti\ lc :
...Nlnm< tc v mc sa cha khng kp
vi i hi ca lnh th v ycu ciu ca quati cluii 11II
cii llic ay s C1H phn v plioit tro clait Iranli
l pht ca quan ehiiL... . Ilai bi bo l
li ku i lm lon. ) v nhm Nhn )UI a ha
xc Ime I)aii4 v clinl (UVon ta |)1i clin ly mi
trong iu con umi" : hoc !;I> tiVc mo rii|4 t (lo
(ln ch, de cho chng v bn ilii icli Ivhc ph hoi,
v cai thiii I ( ( U )) sinh hoi cho nhu (lu, Iiu kh(m<*
quan ciiii* se hieii tnh. Nhn (ln tii kici lil plian
cli ulum* luu tiu khiii kliich , laiii v cliiuli
(iiyen la kiu quyt \ x ii cliUYn chnh, I.*II bn
elui<4 kliii Ih thc hin (tuv I 1 mu ca chni.
...Dt v nlumg ln cam cliu ta son bo Nluii
v a n hn inh ig li t ho, linl bi, sa bi,
viet hi, vn tfivj4 Iii vit hi, v.v... Ilim (l vn
ng Tlmul - (lu vit hi Mua hii mn (lch
(N h i v s6 ) kli phai voi mu (HI )l hiiili nlin^
kiiuyo icin CII sa eiia m cliinli l da kch vo
kh khn klicli quan ma lii clnni [\ kliic phiu*
Iiay irv, hii lx ili lin lia mu (ct v rc tiiig
lp quan elmg, lm hu tiiuaii cho tt* th on Iniu
hui au co ca mt 1><) phn Ur san. Dt cn (li vn
ii<4 Hong-to-Nguvu, Niiyn-lliiih-Loiig, Yu-Laii
v nlumg auli em vn Iiglu; s min Nam khc vit cho
ho ((N Iui van (le bp riini Milu trmili ciia iV/i/
/><!/! l ml |)hon<4 troca ViUL niln; s inicii lc v
ca ca miu Nam, IHOII lm iain Iil* s plin. khch
cua cu lx), b di v il ii bo Iitien Nam.
...I I I i u i n p liir c m " php c h i u I r a u li l m v

ca bncte quc eh uiuli phao (lon. v Iruyu l) uhCmg

tiu m y b , n h n g tir tircVii iu y lii. C l u i k h n g l i c

131
ii ni xu ch , ni xu ng vi ging li ca
k th, v lm ci loa cho bn u s t-rt-kit.
IIc lp Thy-An khoa tc ng tinh thn, t i
kich thch mt s vn ngh s vit bi cu ch (t. Iin
thii* ni vi mt s ngi: I.c quan cng sai, bi
qiiiUi cng sai, ch c hoang mang l ng . Trong tnh
hnh iu* tiH ca anh em vn ngh s trc nhng kh
kliiii lc , uhug cu ni Iilnr th ph hoi kliii
it cch nhn ca h, v (lo ph hoi kh nhi11 tc
phim (ln l lt.
CHN1I-1H'r
Xhu dn, s 150<i

LI DNG CITNG V * TRNG I HC,

CHNG BU DC TUI TR. PH HOI NN
GIO DC

Dng vai Ihi lnh trong nhm ph hoi Nhn van

(iiti phii , Tru-(e-'nii\o ciii li ng eonii
v ca mnh (V Bi hc (l tp hp sinh vin thnh mt
lc lir-ii hu l) v nu cn xung ng th xung
kch cho Xhtin v n Giai phin . Ma c pht
lui t do (ln ch , Tho a bv v cho tav chn ca
minh trong sinh vin kch s lnh o ca tng
(V nh Iririi. Mun vv, Tho xi bv li t) trung
vo mt s tii vin c eirimg v lnh o m ni
xu Inra. 1ho ch thi cho h c vic nu l(A,n him
Itr-I, chi hi ph phn , (1tVu<4 s c it xut ra
ivhiHi, m tri li ct phi uu cho thnh ehuvn ln.
l nguon v, l c s ca tt mi , nit
tp chuyn 0 git gn , cng o Trau-lhiu-Bo tc
Minh-Bc xut bn nh Nh(n vn Giai phhm, xuyn
tc s tht i hc, nhm ph hoi lng tin tirmg
* Dii, (V ch* (t, bnj cvh vu khn^ <tn<4 vicn. v
a kch vo s lanh (to ca Dang, tuvn truveu v
kiuvm khch siuli viMi v hc sinh c nhng hnh
n.' cao bi, v kv lut. Thi' cha (t, l)n than Tri-
e-Tho cn tich cc (ti vn ng nhng cn b ging
dv, chng li t chc ca nh trng. Tho cao
bn phn cel mii (V Hung-ga-ri, ku i tri thc
Vil-nam noi theo gng Iihng tn tri thc phn ng
* Php chn. li Dang cng sn Php.
Khi qun clnm<* a kp Ihi iiln chn ctimc iiiru (ti)
(ten ti ca Iihn ph hoi ( Xhn vdn Giaiputm )),
th Trn-oThao tip lc lng ln bnh vc cho ci
i l t tirii Iiln van Sau khi Nhn vn b
qun, chng ln u v b cam, Trn-c-Tho vn tip
tc nhng hnh ng ph hoi. Trong khi cc bII ng
nghip lao mnh vo s nghip xy img Bi hc, Tho
a khng lm nhim v ca mnh, m tri li cn ngay
m mi nanh (lua vut cho l) l ch thi co*. Lu
gio s, l ch nhim khoa, Tho c nhim v phi
bi <hrfmg nghip v cho cn h tr, nhng Tho (ta
khng chu gip ng viR v nhng thanh mn no
Thao nghi ng l tha thit vi ang, vi ch . Trong
khi th Thao a m* lp < diu u t do )> , tp
hp h lu Nhn l, hu vt vn v sinh vim bt mm
vcVi ch , e truyn cho chng Iilurng lun ctiu phan
ng chng ch , chng nhn (ln. N11 nh tririi
khng kp thi ugu chn, th lp hc ny ca Tho
c the tr* lin mt th cu lc b P-t-phi H-ni.
(io sir Xgiivu-Ln, )li Irch ma gio dc hc,
trng Di hc s phm, a pht biu : ((Ti c/ rimt
minh khi n(jh en hoai ng ca bn Trn-c-Thao.
Nn bn chng thc hin dc mnn th khng nlnq

3
gio sir ng VV nu) (u ca hH nqiri hrnq
thin triU ! h l l vi ch nlir li nln< (t irro
I r ii iq o n C .

V gini <l\\ Trn-iv-Tbo li (nng chili \\i\y

hc nh Inrni cun chng ta phun ra nhng nc
c chn li ch ngha x hi. Tho dem ra mt m
nhng thul n\ nhng Iin nh ngh ca Irii
lc
chif! irimu,
o cn nlu;
n tliuAI nuv
n ' V hin,
w le thaiil
nii ham ltc nlirug hiu k, y cho h ci i th
lcl lc thch ni kh hiu, thch ci l, khi qut ha,
tru tiriha,*suy (lin min. man* xa ri thc l.
Nhng nu Tho ch mc-xit ha li hc kinh vin
ca chu u tli trung c om truyn t cho thanh
nien m thi, th tuy c tc hi, song tc hi cui clira
l ln lm. Nhirn, qua COI1 ng ngy bin duy l
xuvn JU* ca Thao, c thanh nin hoi nghi tt cii,
nhn ci iu lluh ci sai, lv ci sai lm ci ng,
di n khng cn nhn ra ranh gii gia ch v ta.
Tai hi hon na, l (ua con ng ngy bin y, ca
he thng t tirug cc k phn ng ca Tho a thm
uhp xng tuy, tm can, du c ca ngi thanh nin,
lm cho h b tliiJmiit,M"lit, nguv him n ni m
vn cha bii \ c. Thl l mt liu thuc c bc
ng , h mun hc va h Urcrii hc ch ngha
Mc Le-nin mt tr thc* cch mng, th h b
mi ten lo-rt-kt lnh nh li sang con ng v r
quc, chng nhan dn.
Tho t (t cao mnh e d h me hoc sinh vin ;
siuli vin l) m hoc li tr nn mt kh c lt cho
Tho. Qua mi kha hc, nhng giai thoi v Tho
ci tlire (lim t, cn Ir' nn ly k, v IrAn Iro
n mc Tho l cho mnh ! ngiri duy Iili! k
tc. Mc (!).

134
 Ngng Iilcnh n mc y, Trai-c-Tho ch 16
l)ch, ch rm i llii chaii ? Khng phi th, Tho
gy ra tron<4 m mn thn cu mt th sng
hi c uhAn (li vi minl d lm ci loa cho nhng
liu vt. Thiio hu ngy lm liu <v cc bo ch phn
tn, cc i pht tlinnli dch, cho lluTii sam truyn
cliinl Tliiio bin (tiu ra, klnt klic mt c quan tc
ctug iinli llian no (l.
Tht klii phai iu nin m cc liu vt v
nhn< lun iu phim ()\\i ca Thi 10 u lp tnmg
vo vu khng phe xa hi ch nh nll l Lin-x,
v u khH d i ? (l ti, VII k h u ^ v lo x c (n c h
dt (liu ni Xii T ru ni inrni Dni ta, Tru ii ir ng
cc Bni
o an.l 1
*111 v cc oiu
* ch lnli tu ch vu lin

nay ca |>hou<4 Iro cng san. ua I ilu m tin vt m
Trn-c- lliao (ta luii ra, li tly n r chung mi
ngun gc vi cc bo H v li liiyn truyn ca
bn phan lni* quc te.
PIIM-HU Y-TIING
Nhit dn, ngy 5-5-1958

KHNG NHNG * TRONG N ir c , M Nc

NGOI, BN CHNG CNG LI DNG LNG TT
CA NHN DN CC NC BN M GY CHIA
R. PH HOI V XUYN TC CCH NNG
VIT-NAM

... * lc-kiuli, sau l k nim L-Tu, Phan-Khi

xin gp Iili vn Mao-Thun, ch ticli Hi nh vn
Truiif-qu(\ Lio la l vi* hoi nghi VII H-Phong nn
t ra cu lii : H-Phong c hnh dng chng i liay

135
ch c t lirong cioiv (toi. Thy ng chi Mno-Tluiu
a ra nhng han chng c th v hnh ng phan
bi ca H-Phong, Phan-Khi hi tr' qua c11 khc;
lo ni nghe liu H-Phoug (tc tha, c cho v bt
H-Phong l sai lm 1111 mi tha. Bng chi Mao-Thun
cho bit hin. H-Phong ang ]) giam v hi li ni ni
tia v. Pban-Ivlii hi th ni loanh quanh l nghe tiu
n, ri rit lui ra v i v tht vng, u ni hm sau,
cii* chi Chu-l)irng (tu thum, lao ta ni vi t i:
Thi ln ny anh ra ni chuyn, ti gp 11< * Mao-
Thium u roi > .
Nhng c* thua keo ny T by kco khc, l lam a
4 9
ca Phan-Klii. Cch mv hm sau nhn (ip i thm
sinh vin Vit-nam ti Inru Bi hc Bc-kinh, Phaiv-
Khi li toan em chuyn bo ((Nliii v n ra ieo
hoang mang < ) trug anh om. Lo hi : no anh cni c
bil lnh hnh nc nh khii ? Xo anh em chc
nihc ni xu lo nhiu lm, no anli em ch c bo
Xln (lu nn khng th* bit ht s tht... Nhng
Irc thi thng thn ca anh em sinh viu Vil-
nam cho lo bit l anh 0111 llieo (li kv tnh hiuh nc
nh v bit (tu l l phi. Plum-Khi li phai hm
hc ra v 1II th hai (Ti cIV nh khi ra (ti, tu Minh-
c c (tem (tn cho Plum-Klii mt gi Xhtn lm
(iai phn 1, (tnh ca chng l mun (tem truyn
b nc dc <v Trimg-quc...)
Sau (t cliii li ri lic-kinh. Gii* i vi chiii*
ti c hai iit chi Trung-quc, mt nh vn v mt
ii* ch phin dch. Hiu r thiu ca cc (tng ch
ta, cc ng chi Trung-quc a tu tnh sn so Plian-
Khi l vl cht n linh Ihn. Thiig-hi, Phan-
Khi b (tan rng, cc (tng chi (t mi c mi hc s
hng ngv trng nom. Lnh bnh, Phan-Khi ni vi
ti : Y t ngi ta th th, y t Vit-nam chng ra

136
SIC) >
. Ci li khen Truiii-que (1 ch ta l mnh khe
ca con co f<i v. Dn thitni m thau V-thun, sau
khi nghe ii cl (in) (tc trnh hy v nhng tin
l) ca n> lliaii. l 7 nm 1UIV (nlin l l khi gii
pling 1010), Phan-Khi 110.1. pht biu ki en : Trong
7 nm nay m Truug-quc lm c nhiu vic qu.
() Vit-nam chng ti 3 nm nay cha lm c g !
Dii ch gim c phiu vi tr li: Vit-nam cn
tliV kv khi phc kinh t' b chin Iranh tu ph. Ba
nm u ca chiii* li chif kh khn lm . Mt mnh
kho khc ci lo ta, l phi biu kin, lp l hai
mt. C ln (tu thm m Tn Truii-sn <v Ntm-kiiih,
thv trc m c ci l)i> khc mt hni ch do Tirng
Gii-thch vit, Phan-Klri lin ni : Vit-nam th
h J)h roi . Nh vn Tnuii-qiHR' khiig bit V xu ca
lo ta lin r I<Vi : Chng ti thy khng cn ph, v
hn4 ch y ca n*-i Tn Triiiu-s m . Phau-Khi Iii
li p : Vit-nam li v hp hi Nh vn Truiig-
quc lin p li : O ,l'iiui-quc nhiu ni ugiri ta
cCiii ph. S phn n CUI nhn dn (ti vi bn phn
cch mng ni no ciii c, v khi no ciiig chnli ng i).

Lu nv on chu.i ti (t xung pha Xam. Nhn

xem cuc trien lm k ngh Ttumg-uc Quui-chu,
ng chi ph trch hi kin. Phan-Khi, lo ta lin
ni : TUco ti ngh th lurre ngoi phc Truag-quc
khug phai vi ch nghu cng sn m v neii. kv ugh
Trimg-quc. N*v kia, k ngh Trim<-qiuu\ s chim
th trng th? gii ! Ti vi Iii : Ihii th lch
ri ch ngha cng sn vi s pht trin k ngh,

137
chinh v nh r Bng CI1. sau lanh o m k Hh
Trung-quc pht iriMi . ti ch Truug-quSc ni tip :
Trung-quc chii li pht trien ky nglu; cung cp
cho l han (lu, ch Iviii phai chim th tnriu
th ii Plum -Klii c I? lly mnh li qu vi
ni : li ni I11IV mc ky Tnmi-qui* s bn
ra ngoi nhieu .
c'nI<4 (V y, ron<4 bfra ic <!(> plii li nh vn
Quii-chiu rliu (li, Phan-Khi ung Iihieu ru roi
ni ging nli nh* : Ti hay Iigiri ta vn ch ngha
ci 81111 l [)hai.... Mi Iigtri ch* mt li phn kli.
Khng i Phau-Khi ni tip : V ch ngha cng sn
s? i n cii lli* . Mi n^iri cho lao say nn sn
sng cho qua, ch mt n van s, v ng ch Chu, chi
tcl phn hi nl Vin Quaii-rlii ln in<4 : Nu
li v l ca (on<4 chi Chu th ti phn i manh .
C10 Pliin-Kl Cu chn, chng li vc 1IO ta ve.

Ci con ngi chi cng sn \\ c uhii ch c

Ihe l con Uiri ca lng (t* quc m thi. Ti nh li,
mt hm (V B o kin l, Plum -Khi khoe vi t i: (( Php
n thch l' NliUi vn lm ft. Thy ti nhn ngc nlin,
lao ta bit l li liu ni saii chuyn khc, ('. ln
Phan-Khi Hi v? (ti mnh mt cch trang tro : ( Ngy
trc (trc l trcVc cch mng) ngi ta ch c hai con
ng : mt l lm cch mng, hai l ht xch. Ti
la con trng th hai . TroII{ nhng ngy cui cung
Ma cuc i thm Truug - quc, Phan-Khi gh thm
iigtrcVi co 11 hc t Naii-Iiiil, ln l Phan Lang-sa. Lo
ta a gii ngha ci ln y cho ti va (tng ch phin
clcli Trung-quc nh sau: (( Thng ny sinh ngy 9 thng

138
3 nm 1945. Ngy Nhl o chnh Php. Ti t tn. n
cho nhng nginVi no vui mng vic Nht lt Php
bit l Php so tr* li cho coi (Lai-sa l France).
Phan-Khi a <t|> li lng th h ca nhn dn ta
oi vi thc (lan Php ulur th. Nhn (ln ta khng a
(IIAu phit Nhi, nliini Ihy thc cliui Php b lt
ni chii ha M ? Ch c ml lm lin vong bn
loi Phai-Klii m\ mong Php tr* li In thi.
TK-HANH
c pt s 357. 1-5-1958

139
 IV

NHNG LUN B1U CHNH TR

V

L LON VN NGH PHN NG

 TIN HN II NHNG M Mu T l BON THN,
CHNG nA VO NHNG c S L LUN NO?

NHNG L U N IU CHNH TR P H N DNG

. . . Hi vvvcin. n 11 ln (V y mt so (ini ch
yu ca Iihiig lun iu chnh tr plm i cy :

1. - KC H T H C H CH N G H A C NHN
T S N , BI N H C II N G H A C N G S N

Qun mnh cho Ulia ln, ch (*I<4 v lu\ l v

linh xira 1UIV ca ligiri yu nc, vi (ln. Caie sng
mi cn elm g la trn 1*011 (tirni tin ln ch Iitha
x hi li cng yu caII mi Uiri troii liii i c c h
m ng, roiii x lii, xc (liuli iilihi nguyu lic r a ch
ngha tp the em li ch ca c nhn mnh phc tng
li icl tp th, rn luvii tc phong cii tc v lp q un
lao ng lp th, xy (lU4 v pht trin n) su g lp
th. C h iila ti\) the khuf Iiliii khng km ham
c tinh v t do ca con Uiri chui ta, m tri i
cng to (tiu kiu tt, (lt co* s vi chac ch s pht
tri a nhii* c tinh luii m nh v t do chn chnh ca
c o n ngi. Ch ngha tp the c a chng ta I4UII liu vi
l tircmg c n g sau ch Hha. Mc (ta ni : S xa b
c h i t ii h l o li n l s (ii phiU hon ot cho
cc tn h cam v (tc lin h ca ro t n i/ t r i.
Chng ta quan nm vm s phi trin c a COI1
ngi uhat nli khiig the tch ri s j)ht trin ca

143
 tp th (lu tranh cch mng. Ngc li, xung t vi
tp th (tu tranh cch mng, ll c uhu khii* th c
tin , kh 11 the trnh khi thui hi, l) tc. li vv,
trong hn<411 cch inii, lt l trong giai on cch
mng x ii ch ngha, cn nhn mnli rii : v mt
t'l thc t tnq, mu thun bao (ul tl l mu thun
qia ch lt/la c nhn v ch ngha lp llie. Ni no
cliii nghn lp Ihe tliug th noi lc lirii ca ch
ngha x lii ngv cng mnh. Xoi no ch ngha c
nhu pht trien Ihi Iioi d cc plian t ehiig ch U*liTa
x lii c ieu kin hot (U4 lliuii li. Chiig la (tmg
tri*II lp (rng ca ch ngha tp the e chiu thng
ch ngha c nhu. Tri li, ch ngha quc v
nhng k th khc ca ch ngha x hi u nm trn
ia ca ch ULha c Iihn chui li ch ngha t)
th v tlo m d) 11L li ch niha x hi. Ci l
ba l (lo c nhn, siu giai cp ca chng nm ra ch
la l)p ui.
1II quc, (lm* (tu l q u c M v , hiu Iiiv
khoe khoang ci the jii t do ca chng v vu
khng cc nc x hi ch ngha l tiu dil l do
ca con ngi. Cng nlnr b l Xg-ih-Dim, y l
ca M min Nam, hang x^y vu khng min lc
ca ta khng c t (lo, v tr Iro khoe khoang ci
nhn vi ca chng m ai c(1*4 bil ch l mt th
V M v ehii thm tho ! V 1)11 Nhn van (itii
phm cng ht li <111|4 ulir th. Mv Dim nu
uhii v thi dnr CIIL ni nhn vnt). Bi nh
c dauli t p y, chng gieo rc, khu gi nhng
thm mun Ihp km, nhng llu tinh A >trong nhng
con Hiri lc liu, v luu lun lin huli cng vic
en ti bi nh ch Hla cng SIII v nhng ugiri
cng sn. Chng vu khug Bng ta l ch ngha cng
sn phong kin i> bp n-hl l (lo, chng vu khng

144
nhng ngiri CIIO su l;i khng l khng tim ch
p con ngi.
V ieu nguy hiem l, lun laii clitiiV khoc ln
tru con Hi mc nt ca ch 11 ci o le lot GHgcVi
cng sn t do , Irit e du tranh cho t* <lo v hn .
Xuyii tc nhng quan ii \i cp trong xa hi, Trn-
oTho cung c to ra th oi lp hi lanh o km
ham t (lo )) v quan chil* lao i (( i t o )).
Trirug-Tu luii hm kch thch ci clit men bt
phc tung v phn khng )) uliai li ca ten l-rt-kit
plin quc ug-o-r (iit- d chng hii ch la,
ng lanh o v quan chng cch inii". Hn chug
11111ol lm ra v lo lng cho vn mn< ca con ugiri
hn c ug ta, cc on tli Cuau elui cch mng
v Nh nirc du ch nhn au ca ta! Nhng ai
khng thay r tinh nhn o ca cch mug, v ca
Bng ta sut ba mi nm nay au tranh, hy sinh
anh ding vi lurc v dn, ^iai phii (ln tc ta thoi
ch quc, lii phng nii (lu Ihot ch a ch,
v ngy IUIV tin ln i phng iiiri lao (tug thot
cnh u^i bc lt ngi! V chnh lng nhu)) v ca
ch ngha cii san, ca Bng ta (ta cu sng c nhng
d con ngiri nh Iilini < (N nn Giai phm ,
1)011 h quen ri chii ? Ai cuii (la thy s tht l
bn chng ch lo lang cho ci vn mang ca COII ngi
vi ch ngha c nhn icli k m i (tu hi dn hi
nc. Tt c nhng lun iu ca chng 1*0 rng khug
nhm mc icl no khc l chng li li icli ca T
quc vi* ch ngha Xi hi, kich liicli ch Hhn c nhn
thi nt, tao uii mieag t ll dio itiCmg hot ng
khiu khch ph hoai ca chng, 1114 lm tht bi
cch mng x hi ch ngha niiu Bc, (lug nhir
mun ca M Dim v cc loi phii ng.

145
 2. - XUYN TC MU THUN X HI,
KHIU KHCH NHN DN CHNG LI GH B
V NG LNH BO
Mi ngi u bit, t khi ha binh lp li, nhn
dn ta c hai nhim v cch mng cn bn:
Mt l u tranh thc hin thng nht nc nh,
hon thnh cuc cch mng (ln ch nhn dn trong
c nc.
Hai l cng c min Bc, a min Bc tia dn
tng bc ln ch ngha x hi.
Cch mng Vil-nain hc vo iai on mi,
phi gii quyt nhng mu thuu ch yu i khng
di y :
Trong phm vi c nc, mu thuu ch yu phi
gii quyt hon thnh cch mng dn tc dn ch
nhn dn l mu thun gia dn tc, nhn dn ton
quc v ch M Dim min Nam.
Ring min Bc chuyn sang giai on cch
mng x hi ch ngha, ni bt hai mu thun ch yu,
i khng
a) Mu thun gia nhn (ln ta v bn tay sai ca
quc, ca M Dim, cng Iihug tn d ca giai
cp a ch phong kia, t sn mi bn.
b) Mu thun gia ch Iigha x hi v uhng th
lc chng ch ngha x hi.
l hai mu thun ch yu trong x hi min
Bc nc ta hin nay.
Cch mng x hi ch ngha min lic nhm mc
ich xa b ch ngi bc lt ngi, chng nhng
ph hp vi quyn li cn bn ca nhn dn ta min
Bc, m cng ph hp vi nguyn vng su xa ca nhn
dn ta min Nam, v min Bc vng mnh l c s

146
ca cuc du tranh thii nht nc Iih, l ngun. phn
khi hy vng 111 ca dng bo ta * min Nam ang tch
cc u tranh chng ch tu khc ca M Dim.
V mi ngi citig u hieu : <e i ti tng lai
thug nht nc nh v ch ngha x hi, cch mng
Vit-nam Iilit thit phai tin hnh diri s lnh o
ca Bng ta, Bng ca iai cp ci nhu, BVi vy, ai
tht lng ang h T quc v ch ngha x hi th ngi
cuii tht lng ng h Dang luh o. Tri li, nhng
k chng li li ch ca T quc v ch Iigha x hi,
thi tt nhin lun lun chng li s luh o ca Bng.
C th n i: thi ng h hav phn (ti Bng uh (to
chnh l ci thc o lng ngi truug thnh hay khng
i vi T quc v ch ngha xa hi.
Th m bn <
(Nhn vn Giai phm ni g v
nhng mu thun x hi v nluriig vn e cu bn y
ca cch mng ?
Trurug-Tu l 111(111:
Nhnq lc hriK sn Xl (ln /c, (tc cch
mnq gii phnq thot ch quc v hoi kihy ang
vp p h i, trong b my quan h sn xut mi, nhng
chnh sch, nhng t chc, nhng tc phong lnh (to,
nhng cn b chp hnh cn ng pht trin ca
/l... Nhng lc lng sn xut ca ch dn ch
nhn dn ang yu cu chnh lij cp bch nhng quan
h sn xut mi t
(lo tin Irn .

A i cng c th thy r trong th l lun y, Tnm ig-

Tiru xuyn tc mt cch trng trn v Iigu xun
nhng mu thua trong x hi ' miu Hc. Hn khng
ng mt cht no n nhng mu thun ch yu,
c tnh xa nha c ranh gii (tch la, khng dm na
li ng n k ctch, v tri li khug tic li kch
ta. Dng ca hn r rng l hng lm lc hng u

147
tranh ca nhn dn ta, cha mi nhn u tranh ca
nhn n vo ch ta, i lp s lnh o ca ng
v Nh nc ca ta vi tt c cc l c l n g sn xut,
cc thnh phn nhn dn trong x hi.
Ai cng c th thy r (lng t vn ct mu
thun nh vy v ci iu i l yu cu chnh l
cp bch nhng quan h sn xut mi m Trirng-
T u ni, khng c g khc l Iihm nh (t , ph
v ch ta v s lnh (to ca ng v C hnh ph
ta, m chng gi mp m l b my quan h sn xut
m i . R rng mc ich ca bn chng l chia r ng
v Nh nc vi nhn n ta, kich thch cc th lc
phn ng chng li T quc, chng li ch ngha x
hi, lm ti t cho ch ngha quc, cho ch
M Dim.
Cng cn vch ra rn Trng-Tu v b l xuyn
tc mu thun x hi, nhm nh lc hng cm th
ca nhn dn, cng l che y ci bn cht th ch
ca bn chng i vi nhn (ln v ch ta. Trng-
Tu lm ra v l ngi pht ngn ca nhng lc lng
sn xut ca ch dn cl nhn dn . Nhng hn
khng th che du irc bn cht thi tha ca bn
chng. Khng th che du c ci lc h s phn cch
mng ca Phan-Khi mt i nhng nm ln phn bi,
ph hoi phong tro cch mng; khng th che du
c ci d tm ca tn u c cch mng Nguyn-
hu-ang hn m i nm tri vi ci u c cng ho
xi tht nh ci gc ca hn, m lun lun bt mn, kn
ca, hn hc, dn dn i v o COI1 n g l m p h n , bn
mnh cho k ch, nh li nhn u, T quc, nh
li ch chng ta; khii th che u irc ci chn
tng t-rt-kit Ihm cn iit hai miri nm luvy ca
Trn.g-Tu v ci ct cch en ti ca Trn-c-Tho,
a con nui ca quc , nh y t nhn; cng

148
khng th che du c chn tng ca bn gin ip
nh Thy-Au, mt thm nh Trn-Duy, trc kia
lng lp cng v i 1)011 ch Php, uay li nga quay
v ng c ; v nlnmg phn l phn ug trong gii
cp l sim tch cc ng h bn chng nh Trn-thiu-
Bo (nh xut ban Miiih-e)...

3. CHNG LI CHUYN CHNH

DN CH NHN DN,
CHNG LI CCH MNG X HI CH NGHA
Chng ta quan nim con (tng tin ln ch ngha
x hi l mt qu trnh u tranh cch mng trit
v ton din. N i cch mng trit v ton din, l
phi tin hnh u tranh giai cp mt ccli kiu quyt
cho n thng l i cui cng, v trn tt c mi lnh
vc, t tirmi, chinh tr, kinh t, vn ha, x hi. Phi
gi vng v lm trn nhim v ca chuyn chnh v sn
da trn lin minh cng nng ; phi vn dng ng n
nhng quy lut ph bin ca cng cuc xy dng ch
ngha x h i; phi tng cng v nu cao khng Iigng
s lnh o ca Bng ta, i lin phong ca giai cp
cng nhn.
Ba nm qua, di s lnh o ca ng v Nh
nc, nhn (ln ta ' miu Bc i vo (lng I6 i ng
n y, v thu (tc nhiu thnh tch ln.. Chuiig
quanh ta, ch ngha x hi ny 11 dn (ln nhng hoa
qu mi trong (ti sng lii* ngy.
Nhn (ln c uirc ta vui mng, t ho vi cng
lao v ca m nh. V trt Iihiu nhng k th ca T
quc, ta, ca ch ngha x hi th v cng cm gin. Bn
<r Nhn vn G iai phm , nht l nhng k cm u
m cuc tVi lu nm gn cht vi ch ngha qu6 c,
giai cp a cli phong kin v bn tir sn mi bn, u

149
 c cung trong ci tm trng en ti y i vi x hi
min Bc ca ta. Clnmg quanh chng ch l ma sa
trn mu c . Khng mun nhp vo hng ng cch
mng, m li nuu lm cy g mc cn ng, chng
cm thy cuc i c ln, nghin ln con ngi ca
chng m i. Lng ca chng ch cn l th on i
vi cch mng, i vi Bng ta. N ch ch c hi d
lng ln ph phch, phun mc bi en ch (t, ngm
mu phun ngi. T bo Nhn vn, cc tp (iai phm,
n nhng g chng vit sau ny u mt mu nh th.
d la bp ngi, chng khng dm cng khai chng
li nguyn vng tin ln ch ngha x hi ca ng o
qun chng; chng ni ch ngha x h i nhng
khng ngt tuyn truyn chng li bt c ng li
chinh sch no ca Dang v Chinh ph ta trn mi mt:
kinh t, cliiuh tr, vn ha, l tmg, bo m cho cng
cuc xy (lng v ci lo x hi ch ngha thng li.
Nhai li nhng ci l) lv lun ca bn xt li trn th
ii v lun ctiu luyu truyn la bp ca quc M,
bn Nhn vn Giai pim c lm cho ngi ta
tng lm rng trong thi i x hi ch ngha, con
(lng tt nht l con ng cho ch ngha t bn
t do plit trin ri ha vo ch ngha x hi , biu
thnh ch ngha x hi mc cao , mt cch nh
nhng, Iheo s lin ha t liD) nh chng quan
nim. Clrimg gi s nghip cch mng ca chng ta
t cuc ci cch rung t cho n nhiu cuc vn
ng cch mng quan trng khc l n thun do
mun ch quan m ra , l gio iu ch ngha ,
l tri vi quy lut pht trin ca cuc sng.
Trn-c-Tho c ba ra ci ht nhn duy l , l
mt qu hoa m ct (l xa nha ranh gii gia ci
ng v ci sai, gia cch ning v phn cch mng.

150
 Chng truyn b nhng thuyt hoang ng v quy
lut pht Iriu ca t thn vn igh v t thn
khoa hc , t xa li nay theo ca chng vn l lc
lng tin b nht trong x hi, soi ng cho chnh
tr tin lu (!).
Phi hp vi nhng phun t t sn phn ng hot
ng trn nhng trn a khc, chng ku go c
cho kinh t tir bn cli ngha t o pht triu khng
iu kin. Chn i bin Nh nc ta thnh mt th
Nh nc t sn, cho php mi quyn t do chng li
ch , chng li l i ch ca T quc nhu dn, c
pht trin.
Cho nn ngi ta khng ngc nhin nghe thy bn
chng lun lun phn i vic ci to t tng, bi nh
chnh hun; phn i s pht trin kinh t x hi ch
ngha, kch cc c quan kinh t ca Nh nc, nht l
Mu dch quc d oan h ; phn i ch Nh nc dn
ch nhn dn, ieo rc hoi nghi i vi php ch dn
ch ca chiig ta, vu khng ci gi l b my quan
liu Nh nc, ng tr ; phn i cch mng vn
ha, ph nhn tnh giai cp v tinh ng ca vn. hc
ngh thut, v ca vn ha ni chung.
Chng kin quyt chng ti ton b cch mng x
hi ch ngha miu Bc nc ta, chng li mi chnh
sch ca Bng v Chnh ph ta. V tt c nhng iu
ni trn chiif< t bi\ ph hoi rt s, rt ih ght
chuyn chinh dn ch nln dn ca ch ta nh c
s nh sng. Chnh vi vy chng kch chuyn chnh
v sn, l tri tim ca cch mng x hi ch ngha, mt
cch cay c, hn hc. Ht theo bn phn ng quc
t, bp mo s tht v v phin lon Hung-ga-ri, bn
Nhn vn Giai phm lun lun kch vo nn
chuyn chinh ca ta, mt mc ku go t do tuyt i,
thc cht l ku go cho mi t do hot ng ph hoi

151
ch ta, chng ch ngha x hi. Chng ch giu tinh
thn cnli gic cch mng ca nhn dn ta. Chng 1I1
ling i cho mi IIr hoa c, hoa thi, t do ny 1V,
cho nhng tli tuli yu bt chnh c. l (lo honh
hnh. V thc l, chng bin thnh nhng o s cho
bn phn ng lu manh trong x hi. Tin ln birc
na, chng ra mt kch llich qun chng, ku <i biu
tnh phn cch mng, hng gfty IIII nhng <bin
chuyn c li cho k ch, nh mi ngi bit.
Bng v Nh nc nhiu ln Hi r : ch
ta l chuyn chnh dn ch nhu dn. Ngha l chuyn
chnh i vi k th ca nhn dn ; v dn ch i vi
nhn dn. Ohuyii chinh mt trm phn trm v (ln
ch inl trm phn trm, l hai mt ca mt vn
, khng th coi nh mt no. Phi nh th, v ch
c nhir th, cch mii x hi ch ngha mi thung li.

4. GIEO HC CH NGHA DN TC T SN.

C.I VO DU C S-VANH
CHNG LI CH NGHA QUC T V SN
T khi giai clp cng nhn Vit-nam ng ln nu
cao ngn c lih o cch mng, ngay trong nhng
ngy u ca giai on cch mng dn tc dn ch
nhn dn, ii ta lun lun gn lin s nghip
gi |)hcmf< dn tc ca chng ta vi phong tro cng
sn v cng nhu th gii. Pht huy tinh thn yu nc
ca dn tc ta, Dn ta kl hp chl che tinh lhn y
vi ch ngha quc t v sn. Bng ta my chc nm
nay p ng mt cch sng to ch ngha Mc
L-nin v nhng kinh Iighim cch mng quc t vo
hon ciih c th ca Iic ta, do d a cch mng
Vit-nam n thng l i v vang ngy nay.
Ngy nay, ch ngha x hi thnh mt h thiig
th gii do Liu-x ng <u. Nir<Vc la gn lin vi

152
cc nc x hi ch ngha anh em thnh mt khi
viig chc khng g lay chuyn ni. c th gii x hi
ch ngha ca chng ta ang tin ln gia mt cao
tro t ttrng v chinh tr lcm manh hu bao gi ht.
Cch mng Vit-nam ang tin ln ch ngha x hi
r min Bc % (tu tranh thivg nht nc nh, i
hi chiin< ta nng ln cao ch ngha yu Iic kt
hp vi ch ngha quc t v sn ; bo v s thng
Iiht ca phoug tro cng sn v cng nhn th g i i;
nm vng nhng quv lut ph bin ca cch mug x
hi ch ngha v cng cuc xy dng ch ngha x hi
v p dn<4 ng n nhng quy ut vo iu kin
c th ca nc ta, khug ngng tht cht on kt vi
Lin-x, Trung-quc, cc nc anh em, cc Bng cng
sn. anh em v giai c|) cng nhn tt c cc nc, theo
ng khu hiu cao c m Mc. v ng-ghen nu
ln cch y h(m mt trm nnri nm : V sn tt
ca cc nc, ii hp l i. t l mt php bo thing
liug cho chng ta vt c mi kh khn, i n
thiig li cui ciig, thc hin l tng x hi ch
ugha, khng lc saiig con ug t bn ch ngha ti
tm, con ng tr li lm n l cho ch ngha qu5 c.
Chnh bn ph hoi cm u Iihm Nhn vn
Giai phm c mong mu 11 en ti lm cho nhn
dn ta lc saii con ng nguy him y. Nc c ca
chng l ch ngha dn tc t sn, mi c qut thm
lp sn ca ci gi l ch ngha cng sn dn tc
do bn phn ng M Iiu ra v c nhng phn t
u s ca ch ngha xt li hin i tch cc truyn
b. He nhng lun diu ca phn ng quc t, bn
Nhn vn G iai phm cng ra sc ch i ra ci
m chng gi l ch ngha sta-lin, vu khng ng ta
l gio iu , n l , v vu khng cc nc x hi
ch ngha, nht l Liu-x, Trung-quc.

153
 Nhng nhn dn ta ngy nay v c nhn dn tin
b tru th gii u thy r : Nu khng c ng ta,
Bng ca ch ngha Mc L-nin y tnh sng to,
th nhn dn Vit-nam ta khng c Cch mng thng
Tm thnh ciig, khng c cuc khng chin thng
li v i, gii phng mt na t nc v tin ln
ch ngha x hi nh ngy nay. M i ngi Vit-nam
yu nc u bit 1V t y lng v u t ho vi
ng lnh o ca mnh. Vu khng tng ta l gio
iu, n l, ch c th l nhng k nhm mt ni tiu,
hay ng hn, nhng k gio iu n n l nhng
lun iu tuyn truyn ca quc, v nhng tay sai
ca chng. Mi ngi Vit-nam cng u hiu r trong
cuc i ca mnh v trn lt nc ngy nay, chng
nhng c mu xng m hi, nc mt ca nhn dn
ta, m c c s hy sinh 1I1 lao v hn ca hng trm
triu anh em ta tru khp th gii, nht l ca Lin-x,
Trung-quc v cc mrc x hi ch ngha anl em khc.
Ch nhng k vong I1 bi ngha, khng CI1 l
ngi Vit-nam chII chnh, mi c th c nhng l i ph
bc nh bn Nhn vn Giai phm .
Khi ch ngha vu nc chn chinh v ch ngha
quc t v sn i vi chng la nh cm n, nc
ung, khi tri, th tt c nhng lun iu b i ca
chng khng la di c ai, m ch ciig lm cho
mi ngi thy r thm chn tng ca bn phm dn
phn nc.
My nm nay, bn ph h o i Nhn vn G iaiphim
gi m i th on, m nh khe (hm dc gieo
rc I1C c ca Iihtrug t tng chinh tr phn ng
ca chng. Hn hc hi en ch chng ta, vu co
ng ta v Chnh ph ta, kich Lin-x, Trung-quc,
cc nc anh em v cc ng Cng sn trn th gii,
chng lm ng nh bn t-rt-kt quc t cng

154
Iihng k u s ca ch ngha xt li hin i, v tht
s l chng lm ng s mong c ca M
Dim cng b* l quc, sn c k iiili nghim ca
ch ngha c hi l i chung trn Ih gii v nhng
kinh nghim ca bm tlin chng qua nhng thi k
trong hng ng u tranh ccli mng chng quc
phong kin, chng ro rit chng li cch mng x hi
ch ngha, chng li ch du ch cng ha, chng
li ng ta. Nhng mc <l c bn ch M Dim
ra sc p , nng niu, I1) niu phn cch mng ca
chng v tan nh ci trng thi.
Cuc u tranh thng l i ca chng ta trong my
thng qua chng bn ph hoi Nhn vn G iai
phm trc ht l cuc u tranh chng nhng t
tirug chinh tr phn ng ca chng. Ngy aay, mi
ngi r thc cht ca nhng lun iu v nhng
con ngi % l g.
Gia hai con irng cch mng v phn cch mng,
gii vn ngh l lu chn con ng ca minh, con
ng cch mng theo s lnh o ca ng. Ngy
nay, trn giai on mi ca cch mng thy r b
mt gh tm ca chng, vn ngh s Vit-nam cng kin
quyt tin ln i ngn c vinh quang ca ng cng
nhn dn phn u dng cm cho s nghip u tranh
thng nht nc nh thng li, cho s nghip cch
mng x hi ch ngha thnh cng.
l tin ca dn tc ta. t cng l tin ca
vii ngh v ca mi vn ngh s yu nirc, tn b...

T-HU
(BO eo thng kt cuc Stt tranh chtng
nhm ph hoi * Nhn vn Giai phm 1>
trong Hi ngh Ban chHp hnh h Un
hip vn hc ngh thut Vit-nam hp
ln th ngy 4-6-958 li H-ni).

5
 V NHNG QUAN DIM V N NGH PHN DNG

T rong h thag tir lng chnh tr phn ng ni

trn, v mt vn hc ngh thut, nhni Nhn vn
ticti pham a ra nhiu quan im nguy hi, chng
li ng 16i vn ngh ca Bng, ph nhu nhng
nguyn i c bn ca ch Iigha Mc L -n in v vn
ngh, i xt li nhng nguvn l (t. Ci m i ca
chng tht ra ch l eo mt ci mt n mi, chiu bi
Mc L -n in cho nhng quan dim ngh thut t
sn thi nt ph sn t lu. Nhng lun iu ca
chiig tuy xo quyt, vn khng che du c c
dng vn ngh lm cng c chng li cch mng, chng
B n g , chng ch .
Gii vn ngh c a ta hn mi nm nay t b
ng li ngh thut v ngh thut , i vo ng
li cch mng, ug li vn Iigh ca ng, song v
cha gt sch nhng quan im ngh thut t sn nn
kh nhiu anh ch em vn CIV ln ln vng thau, nht
l khi nhng quan im phn ng nguy traii* di
mu m mc-xt , cch mng .
Qua u tranh, nhm Nhn vn Giai phm
b phi trn chn tng chnh tr phn ng. i vo
ngh thut, mi ngi li thy r nhng l lun
vn ngh v nhng sng t c ca ehug ton l
mi hnh nh u cha m trong bng v mi
bi th l mt hnh ug phn bi, bt nhn bt Iiglia,
nh Trit-Dn, L-t nhn. Nhng l luu phn
ng y c th quy vo m y im cn bu :

I5
 1. NHM NHN VN GIAI PHM
PH N BI VN NGH PHC v CHNH TR, THC
T L PHN I VN NGH PHC v NG
LI CHNH TR CCH MNG CA GIA! CP CNG
NHN. CHNG B T 1)0, C L P CA VN
NGH, RU HAO Sl> MNG CHNG BI CA
VN NGH, TIIC HA CHNG MUN LI VN
NGH SANG BNG LI CIIXI TR PHN NG
Ch ngha Mo L-Iiin coi vn hc ngh thut
l mt hnh tlii tltr thuc kin trc thirii tng
ca x hi, do c<r S(V h tang chi phoi, v c nh hng
tr li i vi c s' h tng, c tc dng quau trng
i vi i sng. Trong x hi phn chia giai cp, thi
vn ngh mun, hav khng, cng l mt v khi u
tranh giai cp, phc v cho ug li chnh tr ca mt
giai cp nht nh.
T khi tng ti) ra i, lnh o Cch mng Vit-
nam, Bng coi vn ngh l mt b pliu klng khit
ca s nghip cch mng do giai cp cng nhu lnh
o. Trong giai on cch mng (lu tc (lu ch nhn
dn, nhng nm b mt, cng Iih nhng nm khng
chin, ng ta lun lun ku gi cc nh vn ngh t
ic ng v li ich ca T quc, cn nhn dn, em
sc lc ti nng phc v cuc u tranh cch miig
gii phng dn tc, nh thc dn, phong kin,
xy (lng mt inre Vit-nam mi.
Ngy nay, min Hc lurc ta irc hon ton
gii phng, mi giai on mi ca cch 111:111' m
ra, nhim v ca van ngh l phc v s nghip xy
<lH ch ngha x hi ' miu lc v u tranh thng
nhl nc nh.
Con ng cch niui* v vang ca Bng c
nhng ngiri vn ngh clin chiii hng hi i theo,

157
nht l t sau Cch mng thng Tm. Nhiu anh ch
em vn ngh s c cch mng gic ng, t b
con ng ngh thut v ngh thut la di v b
tc. H ln m nh vo l la cch Iiing, c gng phc
v cuc u tranh dn tc v u tranh giai cp, gn
lin ngh thut vi s sng cn ca T quc, ca nhn
dn. Chinh nh vv, nn vn ngh cch mng tr tui
ca chng ta ln ln, y sc sng. Nhng bi vn,
bi th, iu ht, bc tranh, v kch tr lliiih
nhng vu khi nh vo k th v l mn n. tinh thu
ca hng triu ngi, xv dng lng yu nc, V chi
chin u kiu quyt, tinh thn lao ng qun minh.
Nhiu nh vn ngh tr thnh chin s trn mt
trn vn ha .
Bn l lun vn ngh ca nhm Nhn vn
Giai phm nh Trtig-Tu, PhiUi-Khi, t my chc
nm nay vn hn hc chng li cch mng, chng li
ng. Chng tng nhiu ln ku go ngh thut
ch bit c ngh thut , c lp ca tr thc , c
lp ca vn Iigh . Chng ch trng vn ngh (tc
lp i vi chnh t r . Nhng xa nav ngi ta ch
thy chng chng li cuc cch mng ca n tc, ca
nhn dn, chng li ng li chnh tr ca giai cp
cng nhn, ca Bng Cng sn. m khng h dm ng
n mt lng chn ca k th dn. tc. Tri li, chng
lun lun phc v cho ng li chnh tr ca bn
cp nc v bn phn ng.
Ngy nay, di ch ta, trong hon cnh nhu
dn ng o mt lng i theo Bang, khng th trug
trn h ho chng li cch mng, chng li ch ,
chng phi khiv kho hn.. Khoc o Mc L-
nin, tuyn b l ng h ch , hoc t t minh
d i s lnh o ca ng , nhng ai cng thy d i
khu hiu chng gio iu, chng sng bi c nhn

158
chng xnyn lc, vu khng, kch ng v ch
min Hc, gieo rc I1C (lc ch ngha c nhu i
try, ch ngha v chnh ph v u c lm phn
nh li th nhn ca Trn-Di. Xuyn tc nhng
nguyn l ca ch ngha Mc Lc-nin thnh mt th
c h n g h a xt li, c h n g m u n a v n ngh v o COI1
ng chiah Ir phau (tug chng li cch mng.
Trong Giai phm ma thu, Phan-Khi ch triroig
vn ngh khug chu s lnli o ca chnh tr, m
tri li vn Iih v chnh tri v vai Iihau, li dng
ln nhau, hai bn u c l i . Trng-Tu v Nguyn-
hu - tang th ra sc phnh ninh vn Iigh s l
lng tm ca thi i , l trng ti gii
quyt mi mu thun gia ng vi qun chng,
thm chi l ngi gic ng cho giai cp v sn .
Chng thi phng bn cht tin b ca tri tu , bn.
cht c bit ca igi tr the . Chng su nhn
ha vn ngh s, t vn ngh s ra ngoi giai cp,
coi nh van ngh s t tlin l cch mng, l c
sn ci gc thin trong ngiri, sn khuynh hng
v ci tt , ci p , ci tht . Ch cn ngiri
vn ngh s t do v chn thnh nghe ni tm
mnh th s thy ht c ci tt , ci p , ci
th t (V i. Chuig C11 lm ru cng sn hn ng
cng sn. Triig-Tu la to: Ch ngha cng sn l
thin ng ca l do Ur tng . Cho nn mun l
cng sn chn chinh, th theo y phi cho vn ngh s
c t do trit ch nghe theo ni tm mnh.
Qua nhng lun iu t xng l mc-xt nh
tru, bn Nhn vn Giai phm tuyt ahin khng
h ni n s tn ti ca cc giai cp trong x hi.
Chng tng l lm ilnr trong x hi khng c u
tranh giai cp, v ngi vn ngh khng dnh dng g
vi cuc u tranh giai cp . Nhug chng ta u

159
bit mi giai cp nhn ci tt , ci p , ci tht
mt cch khc nhau. B i cp nc ngi l l phi
ca ch ngha quc, irng nhiu l ha ln
ca cc dn tc b p bc. Gh bc lt a t l
tt nht i vi giai cp a ch, nlitrng li l xu
nht i vi nng (lu. Ch hc lt ngi lm cng
l chn l p i vi {'iai cp t san, nhng giai
cp cng nhn li thy l ch ht nhu cu xa
b. Ch ngha x hi l lng tm ca thi i
chng ta, ca nhng vn ngh s cch mng. Nhirug
i vi bn vn ngh s phn cch mng th lng
tm hay ni tm ca chng ch l s lin th i
v i ch ngha x hi, i vi T quc nhn dn.
Chng cng t do trit , chn thnh nght theo
ni tm ca chng bao nhiu thi nhng th vn
th ca chng cng y nc c phn cch mng
by nhiu.
Thc cht ca lun iu gian tr ca bn Trtmg-
Tu,Nguyn-hfru-Bang khng i khc hn l i quyn
tn ti v c v cho nhng th vn ngh mang chl
men bt phc tng v phn khng , chng ch dim
ch nhn dn, chng ng, chng ch ngha x hi.
Ci dng tm ca bn Nhn vn G iai phm
cung l ra khi chng xuy n. tc phng chm trm
hoa ua n ca ng Cng sn Trung-quc v (ti
cho hoa lnh, hoa c, hoa thi, hoa thcym u
c n t do, khng iu kin. Chng ta khng ai
ngn cm hoa lnh v hoa thm J1\ tri li chng ta
cn phi ra sc vun trng cho nr ngy mt nhiu
nhng bng hoa vn ngh lt p. V cho hoa thm
n thi nht nh phi dy cho sch cc loi c c,
qiyt khng th cho nhng hoa c, hoa thi irc
n tha h, lm cht nhng hoa lnh mnh, v u
c nhn dn.

MO
 Nhng ch dp v t o , chu thnh ,
lirng tm V. V... m bn Nhn Din liuv ng, thc
ra ch l nhng th chiu bi e che mt ngi ngoi.
Khi chng hp v'i nhau bui v phii* ltrii* ca
l)o Nhn vn , Ihi Tran-e-Tho ni khii p
m' : Van ngh phi phc v chinh tr. Mun c t
o sii< tc phai u tranh cho t (lo (lu ch . C
Iilu ci chinh tr m chng ni v kling plii l
chinh Ir ca giai cp cng nhn, ca Bang, m l
chinh tr ct quc t su phan ng, v ci l (lo sii
tc 9 , t do n clii ca chiui* ciii* ch l t
(lo sng tc hoa c, hoa thi I), t do chng li
ch , phn li q u y n li n h u (lu. N h ng th t
do , nht (lnh ciui ta khii* the e cho ua
n- , m phi ra sc qut sch.
lum m a l i m , m (i (U ,
T ro ii n h n g tp G ia i
TroiH-Tu
n da ra lun diu
(<van Ihil'
n t s chu chnh
xa nay u cln li cliiiili Iri ca i cp cam
quyii . ln Nhn van Giai phani lun hm keu
go: Chng ti l nhng Hgi ii cam m (lirng .
Chng kch i cc vn ngh s phai luii luu
chU liiu trng 111(Vi l lin l), c bt mn mi
l bit suy ll .
Chng ta u biet troii nlu'11" thi i c v (li
nhng ch p bc I)e lt cn ln ti, cc nh vn
ngh cch Iiin v tiu h u chong li iiii giai
c bc lt lling tri, ku gi nh (i CC (l hnt cng,
tn ho e giai |)hu<4 cho Iilu du lao tR. Xlurug
ngy nay, (V nhng nc xa hi rli ngha, Ii(ri giai
cp cn IIII v nhn dn lao ng a YUI dy nm
chinh quyn, lm ch dt nc v i son, thi ch
c bn t quc, b plii n<4 mi chng li ch
mi, chng li Bang ta. lfc.m chng khng th m*

161
 con ng m i no ht, tri li, chng ch c phc
hi ch c b p tan, v bm cht ly li SOUI
mc nt ca giai cp bc lt ii bm.
Nhm Nhn vn Giai phm thng c v l i
sng tc gi l dng cm pht hiu khuyt im ,
dng cm pht hiu s tlit .
Chng gian tr phn tru: By l chng ti gip
Bng kim tra li ng li clnh sch, y l ctiii
ti pht hin vn e Bii v Chnh ph tm cch
gii quyt. Nhirng tht ra, t nhng bi bo, phng
s, mu tin, n nhng on tricli dch, nhng truyn
c tich v th, vn, tt c ci g *i l sng tc ca
chng u ch l mt li xuyn lc v bi en ch
ta, chuyn i bi trong nhng h rc, ba t v Ihi
phng nhng khuyt im trinh by lh bn cht
ch ta l xu xa en li. Ch ta nh mt ngi
cao ln m chng l nhng k ti tin chuyn nhn
di gt chn nn ch thy nhng bi bm. L i sug
tc ca bn Nhn vn Giai phhm r rng kling
g khc hn l li vit ca l)n tc (lng tinh thn .
Nhiig li th nhu gn y ca Trim-Dn, L-tt,
Hong-Cm... cng phi r clin tirng ph hoi v
nhng th on c c ca chng. Chng dii* li
vit mp m, bng gi, x xiu, l mt l tri , khu
gi s th on, tht vng i vi ch , di vi Bng.
Trn-Dn. th uhu v nhng bi ca hn vit
nh sau :
l li h ho qun chng ni ln chng Iiliug
ngi m ti vu l bn quan liu hau r, uain i,
chng Dang v ch hin lli i ! B l l i xc xiem
phin nghch, I1 c ci hn nht ca s (l mau, c
ci ngu si ca s him c v c ci bt lc ca s
ph hoi iu r. S thc chng t mi l i t co
ca chng ti u ch l nhng l i vu khng. N chng

162
vch ra c mt mu thun xa i io c thc ca,
n cl vch ra c mt ci eliii Urii ph hoi ca
chnh ti m thi ! .
)ng nh vy. Nhng mnh khe la bp, xo
quyt ca chng kling th la di irc nhng ngi
liro thiu. Troii thc le hng Hy ca i sng,
ch ta c tiu lii mai, luii lun thu nhii tlnh
tich mi, an dn virl qua lit thy mi kh khn,
khc phc (ln khuyt iem. lt c uginVi no ngay
thug u khng th khng uliii r s* tht lo I11 v
chi l i: cch niii gii phng cho hng chc triu
ngi khi ctil mai nc, Ihiu t do, cht i, cht
rt. V hin nay, di s liih o ca ng, nhu
(u ta ang tip tc phn (lau, xy ng i sng m
no, sng sa ca minh. Trii bc ng lin ln ch
ngha xa hi, i sng min Bc dirug si ni cuc
u tranh gia cch maii v phau cch mng, gia
ci cu v ci mi. B mi l s tht can ban, v i,
li dp, m vn ugli ta c Iihiiu v phau nli mt
cch clin thc, su sac v siii.il ii.

2. - NHOM (( NHN V N - G I A I PIM))

PHN BI VN NGH IM lc v CNG NONG
BINH, N U LN r CON N G ! T i v T N G ,
THC HA CHNG I VN NGIIK TR v i:: CH
N G H A C N H N T SN BI T H Y
Ch nglin Mc L-nin ([UIII nim lch SV l o
nhu (lu lao ii lm ra, nhn (lu lao <
1uj chnh
l Htroi sii* to ra tl oa (ti sii* vt c h t v mi
J*i tr tiuli thu ca xi hi. Vn lie ngh lliu nu
lch ri thc t qiu chng th sC nhir cy nho kli
t, Iilnr c ra khi lurc. T h i i cch mang ca
ehui* ta l llii (ti quan cliuig nhu dn ttmg dy,

163
nh ch ci, xv dng mt x lii mi. Con
Iigi mi ca thi i ta l con ngi lao ng pht
huy sc lao ng sng to ca mnh thnh sc mnli
v tn chin thng mi k th, mi tr lc v xy
(lng cuc sng mi ca minh. Con ngi mi y l
c n g nng binh. Cng u n g binh phui l Iihn vt trung
tm trong sng tc vn ngh cung nh h l iihn vl
trung tm ca i sng.
T sau Cch mng thng Tm, Bng ta kin
nhn diu dt anh ch em vn ngh s (ti vo thc tc
lao ng chin u ca cng nng binh. Chnh nh
vy, vn hc ngh thut ca tii c ngun sng mi
lnh mnh. Ni (lung vn hc ngh tlnit ca ti i
mi hn nh ngi c (li mu trong c th. Tuy
mt s vn ngh s cn b Iigc, cha quen thuc vi
cng nng binh, cha tht s hiu bit v vu mu
cng nng binh, cho lin siui tc C11 IIOII yu hoc
trng go, nhng r rng l t cch mng n nay,
cc nh vn ngh ca ta c nhiu tin b, chng
ta c mt s tc phm gi tr phn nh irc phn
no i sng lao ng phn u (lng cm ca nhn
dn ta.
i vo thc t qun chiui* tr- tlmli mt yu
ciu quan trng nht, mt lip sng mi ca ngi vn
ngh. C thc s i vo cng Iin binh hay khng,
iu tr thnh mt tiu ehuu c th nh
gi s quyt tm ci to v chi phn u ca nhng
ngi vn ngh phc v ccli inug. V thc t (l
chng t rng nh vn ngh 11o chu kh ln ln vi
qun chug th c iu kiu sii* tc irc Iihii*
tc phni lnh manh, c sc sng thc v tinh cm
thc. Cn nhng ngi trn trnh i vo qun chng
th khi vit v con ugi, cuc sng mi, thng bt

164
lc hoc ch ra cc tc phm kh khan, gi to,
thiu sc sng v mang tnh cm lch lc.
Bn NIi lm G iai pum rt s lao ng v
th ght nhn dan lao ng. Chng ch mun loauh
quanh SII* 1)0 tha, trv lc (V thanh th. Chng luyn
tic li sng ch k v la (li, ch niuii n ngoa,
chng mun l n *. Nhir L-l Iii mt cch trng
trn : (( Sng Iilnr Lao, Trang, I nh tir sn, ni nh
v sau )) (). Nhn vo li sii mi ca cch mng,
nhn vo nlumg con Iigi lao ng trong sch, tp
th, pln u, hy sinli cao c, chng hn hc d bu
l cc cug thc , gi lo . Chng luu mm ku
n h n g c h rt 11 1 : no l C( phi t n trng c o n n g i ,
phi c tim c c . Chng t xag l nhng ngi
chin u cho uliaii vn , nhn phm , nhn
tnh . Chn h ht v tnh yu t do v vu kling
ch ta l xm phm vo tnh vu ca con ngi.
N h n g k h i n i n (( c o n I i g i , b n Nhan vn
tuyt nhin ch Hi chuiig chung, tru tng, lm nh
trong x hi khng c con ngiri bn nc hi dn
v (( con ngi yu nc, vu dn, con ngi bc
lt n bm cuug giii nh con ngi lao ng. Thc
ra chng ch mun em nhng danh t rng tuch che
y cho ch ngha c nhn ti tin, cho s i hi hng
lc liri bing v ch k. Chng ta u bit trong xa
hi phn chia giai cp th khug c con ngi hoc
nhn vn, nhan phrn, nhn tnh)) no tru tng,
m ch c <i con ngiri, Iihi vn, nhm phni, nhn
tnh)) c th ca giai cp v hay giai cp khc. Giai
cp a ch hoc t sn coi ngi nit n bt vng
l mt ci sung sng nht ca i ngi, cn giai
cp cng nhn, Iing (ln, tr thc cch mng li cho
ivgha ca i ngi l trong s lao (lng sng to.
Nhiig k nhiu tin c ((t o mua c n b, thi

165
nhng ngi ph n bn cng ch c t o bn mnh
nhc nh. c nhn vn , nhu phni c chng
nhng con ngi lv bn mnh cho k ch, cho bn
phn (tii, sa a cc (t trong i siig vl elit
v tinh thn, qunnli nhng bn n, gi im t o
i lm tnh yu 11h th vt, bt chp c o c
thng Ihtrimg v lut plip ca x hi.
Mun cho nhng ngi lao (tng l tuyt i da
s nhn loi irc thot khi nn ngho kh, u li,
th khng th no tn trng quyn t do hc lt,
p l)c ca bn thng tr, quc phong kin hoc t
sn, phi nh chng xung l vic lm nhn o
nht. Xa b nn ngi bc lt Iigi, l iu cn
bn trong ch ngha nhn (to ca chng ta, ch ngha
nhu o cng sn.
Ny nay, min Bc ang tin ln ch ngha x
hi, thc l ca cch mng (t t ra vn xa l>
dn dn li sng l)c lt, u bm, v vt, ch kv. Giai
cp t sn s dn (ln (tc ci to thnh nhng ngi
lao ng. Nng thn ang tin dn ln tp th ha, i
vo li lm n hp tc tng tr. Con agi chn chnh
thi i ta l ngi lao ng x hi ch ngha, lm
n sinh sng c t chc, c tp th. Con ngi chn
cliinh trong ch x hi ch ngha khng th ai khc
l ngi lao ng chn tay v tr c, l cng nng binli.
Tt c nhng li ni m ca nhm Nhn vn
Giai phm v con ngi , nhn phm , nhn
tnh , v.v... tru tng, ch l nhng th khi m
xa nha ranh gii gia bn cp nc, l)n bn nc
v dn tc, nhn dn, gia k bc lt v ngi lao
ri>, duy tri quyn li ca nhng giai cp p bc
bc lt. Cho nn khi chng ta nu r l vn nghi* phi
coi lao ng l ch (t trung tm, cc nh vn ngh
phi i vo cng nng binh biu hin con ngi mi,

166
lao ng qun mnh, phn u hy sinh cho cch mng,
th 1)11 Nhtn vn (liu ct Iiit cch th b : Cng
nng binh lao ii* sn xul cliin u ch ngha.
V chng (la ra ch (nr<mg i vo phau nh nhng
gc cnh ca lm hn con ngi, vitnhng chuyn
nh nht, hng ngy ca cuc sng , trong git nc
cng c the thy biu c, tri xanh . C nhin nh
vn Iigh khi t lm hn con ngi phi m t cho
chn tht v su sc, c nhin khi chmg ta diu t
cuc sng l (lin t vi mi kha cnh sinh ng ca
I1, v mi nh vn c tli chn mt li din t ring
ca mnh. Nhng V1 (t l nu nh vn chui vo nhng
gc cnh ca tm hn t su hoc tiu t sn, nu
thich th vi nhng chuyn nh nht hng ngy ca
cuc sng ngi khii n bm, ly c' i tm tri xanh
trong git ntre qunuh qun vi nhng git nc
t hm, th nli vn ch c Ih ra nhng th tc
phum qu qut, gy cm, y bnh tt tanh hi ca
giai cp suy ln. Chinh nhng sng tc ca nhm Nhn
vn Giai pluhn chng t iu .

3.
NHM NHN VN GIAI PHM
HN HC B KCH NN VN NGH X HI CH
NGHA. NHT L VN NGH LIN-X, t KCH
NN VN NGH KHNG CIIIN CA TA. THC RA,
CHNG PH N BI C H X HI CH NGHA,
CHNG BI I THEO CH B T BN CH NGHA
Rp mt ging Hi vtVi bn bi bt ca ch agha
quc trn th gii, nhm Nhn vn G iai phm
UI1 lun kch xuvn tc vn hc ngh thut trong
cc nc x hi ch ngha. Chng hn hc nht l i
vi vn ngh Lin-x, m chng cli bai l gi to,
cng thc , khng c tc phm v i , khng th

167
coi l nn vn ngh lin tin trn th gii. Chng ph
nhn hon ton phirtmg php hiu thc x hi ch
Iiha, Hi ba rng hin thc xa hi ch ngha ch
l mt si\n phm ca [hi k Sta-lin, mt iu ((ba
t v on ca (oc-ki v l)a-np. Chng r11 rao
l l sau Cch mng lliug Mi, nlit l t nm 1934,
tc l sau khi ra |)lur<m< php hiu thc x hi
ch ngha, thi vn Hh Lin-x ngho i, khng cn
nhii tc pliam c gi tri.
Trn bo Nhn ixiy cng nh trn bo Snq to
do chn< iu khin, (hng khiig tic li kch nhng
tc phm, nhng phim ca Lin-x, vi mt ging hn
hc th l). Thc ra, y khng phi l vn nl gi
vn ngh Lii-x. Ci l tm ca bn Nhn vn l mun
lm cho ngi ta hiu lm rng ch x hi ch
ngha (V Lin-x khng c t (lo bp nght vtt
ngli, bp nght ti nng lm hn. Cng cn vch ra
y mt th on la di ht sc nguy him v b?t
lng ca bn Nhn vn l xuvu tc trng trn ml
s6 nh th, nh vn Lin-x, chng li ch x
hi ch ngha Lin-x v ch ta. Chng bi nh
c Mai-a-kSp-ski, nh th v i nht ca ch ngha
x hi, ca Liu-x, nh mt ngi chuyn chng li
b my quan liu thng tr l Nh nc x-vit, nh
mt k hn hc, h mun i vi ch x hi ch
ngha (I). V chng cfm dm t snh nh nh th ln
y, tip tc Mai-a-kp-ski chng li ci m chng
gi l (( h thSng quan liu nc ta. Chug cuug
khng ngn ngi ct xn c nhng bi vn ca cc nh
vn x-vit nh -ren-bua cng kch vn ngh Lin-
x l cng thc, s lc...
S hn hc ca bn Nhn vn i vi Liu-x v
vn ngh Lin-x khttg c l. T my chc nm
nay, bn quc, tir bn, hn phn cch mng, bn

168
chng cng trn khp tl ii u coi Lin-x l k
th s m t c a c h n g . V i L i m - x c h i n h l T q u c u
t i n c a c h Iih a x h i , l h y VI1 c a tt c n h n g
ngiri l)i hc lt ) ln'i\ nhCmi iiinVi hrng thin, l
nh sng soi (tinmg cho cc <ln (c au tranh t
giai phng. Bn Nhn Xt (li c l m ht cch gi vo
u c q u c h\ h p h i , (tm c s - v a n h , c n g c l L i
v hiu qu. T lu chng ta a yu <[U nhng tc
phai v di ca (ioc-ki, Mai-a-kp-ski, S-l-khp...
Nhiu nhn v! lch cc [roxi cc liu lliuyl Lin-x
tr thnh nliii Df>ircVi hn thn ilit ca chng ta,
nhng kiu mau con niinVi ini ca mt x hi mi.
Chng ta yu qu ton. I) vn. ngh him thc x hi
ch ughn, uht l van nh Liu-x, v n phn iih
mt cch clin thc v sinh ng di sng ca mt x
hi tt p, hp vi COII (tng tin ln ca loi Hi
v cm dn tc ta, vi chii la tm Ihay Iroi nn vn
ngh v nhii^ l Urii nhn o llu c sc t len
ngcm la chin dn cch imui, thm nliuiui lng yu
cu c sng, yu t q u c , v u n l i i i (ln . V a n h c n g h
thut Vit-nam pht triu iro ii uhm i iu kin c th,
vi nhng c ni ca mrc mnh, nhirng nht nh
chiig *a s? lp io hc tp khng ngng, khng mi
v mt cch sng to liu van ngli Lin-x tin tin,
v Hi chung lin van hc liil thut XI hi ch ngha
ang ln mnh rn tl? ii. Cng nh chng ta s
kling ngng hc lp, hp Hiu lilirii nhu t6 x hi
ch ngha tron<4 Iilnnu lc plin, Iihfm4 tc li tin b
khp cc lurrc, truii lli i ta lv nay, thi ai
thii li ca cl ngha x li, ra t tirug x hi ch
ngha. Nhai nh 11011 van llu) mcVi ca Vit-nam phi l
ixn vn Mh x hi ch lla ve ui (tung, (lu tc v
hnh thc, nlur Tru l l M Dang la (l vch r trong
bc th i Dai hi vin ngh ton quc ii th 2 .

109
 Bu Nhn vn Giai phm l xng l khn*
n l ai, nhirng tri li, chng sng bi u n l ci
k thut,ngh* thut tir sn phng Ty, t nhng
lrng piii m lluil iMV lou, !a-(ta, i try, siu
llrc, v.v... n ulrii* tli m nhc phim nh t git
gan kien M.
Bi Y(Vi liu V 11 iilu) mi c la, I)I1 Nhn vn
Giai pham ACiiig tm mi ccl ph iu. vn vi nhng
un iu cun ch ngha xt li, ct pl nhu s lnh
o ca tuii v tlmh licl ca ch la, chng mun
xa sch mi lliih tch ca lin vn hc ngh thut
cch niiig ca t. Chng ni: t sau Cch mng thng
Tm, vn ngh ta ixy C1II st, cng ti. Vin vo mt s
Inrrng hp clira thnh cng ve nhng ch mi ca
cuc sii mi, chng ket lun rang cc nh vn ca ta
igv Iiiiy vit khii bng ngy Inrc. Chng qung co
am cho nhung lc phi lc hu hoc phn lri trc
cch mii V inv l)a elio nhng lc phin y l < (yu
mrcVc, li *II h v c tr lgh thut cao Ti bn
mt lot sch Irc cch mng t Tiu SI trng s ca
Khi-Him<4 n s (t ca V-trii-Phng v thi phng
nhng quyeu sch (t l linh hoa ca vn hc Vit-nam
cu i, ch tam ca bn 1Nln vn Giai pham l
cao mt s tc i tnrc kia c khuynh hng chng
cch mng, hnv chiu iiuli lnnVii to-rt-kt m chng
khng lil l(Vi ca lung l ( lng mn tiu b , l cch
rnii hon B iu iT r i li, chng h thp nhng tc
phm v tc gia lin b Irc cch mang, tiu biu cho
tro lu van hc hin thc trc Cch mng thng Tm
do Bng ta lanh o, hoc chu anh lirig su sc
ra ng.
Bn ( Nln van Giai )ham cung khng t c
ll on l*i (li* nhng ngi (t cht, bi nh phn
tin b v ch 11U ln mt tiu cc ca h hng

170
chng li cch mng, chng li Bng ta, chng li lin
vn ngh hi vircm ln ca ccl mng. Nhng tm a
en ti cua (lun khiiK tl cho lap irc nh sng rc
r* ca Ck l mn*, ca ii la, v nhng mu sc mi
hiu ln trong Vin hc Iih Ihul cch mng ca ta
i hai chc nim i\y.
Nn van nghe ccli mng tr tui ca chng ta tuy
cn * nhn lurT clu, n.hirng r rng ang ln ln,
lnh mn l v ay trim vng. Chng ta cha c nhng
lc plm la Iht xnii ng vi s nghip cch mng
v i ca lilii (ln la, nhi r rng mt th h ng
o nh vn iigl' 1<V|>trc st cnh vi lp sau, ang
cng nhau tnrmi thnh v to ra nhng tc plim
mang sc sH mi ngy ciiX sn Sc. Vn ngh ta a
tin 1)0 khng Iihfmj[ v ni (limg m c v hnh thc,
k lliul. Ting ni <ln lc, Iiling hnh thrc vn ngh
dn. tc a irc coi tri, c vun p, (t din t
hin tlurc m<Yi, ecm ngui mi. Lu u ti!\, lii vn
nghe nhiu dan tc Irn <it mrc ta c nv n phong
ph. Nhieu ngnh ngh 1Imat ln tc n b mai mt
diri ch cu nay ang sng li mnh m. Chag ta
khiig coi nh nhng khuyt im, nhng thiu st ca
vn ngh ta him nav, Iihl l s nng cn., hi ht.
Chng ta cn phi tip tc phn u khng ngng cho
vn ngli v vn u^lu) s di sII vo cuc sng mi, vo
nhng vu (i ln Iroi xa hi aii chuyu mnh ln
ch ngha xa h i; chng ta cn ki n quvt chng li
mi khuynh hng quny tr ve ngli thut tir sn try
lc, b tc, Ihiu hoi th ca qun chng cch mng,
ca i si lao dng au tranh, .khuynh hng nguy
hi y ang c pht Irien my nam nay, t khi ha
hnh lp li. Nhirii chng ta kliug nh nhng bc
tii ca van n<h la t sau cch mng, nhng ting ni
u tin ca nen van \\h mi <> sc thc v
cho ccli ini tiu ln.

171
 4. NHM N H N VN - G IA I P I M
PH N BI S L N H B O CA B N G B I VI
VN NT.H, r.llxr. D TH VN NGH CHO
VN NGH S ), T H C HA CHNG t A
QYKN LNH DO VN NGII VO TAY BN
PHN CCII MNG
Trong khi m cuc tin eii mi mt vo lin vn
Ul cch mii cia clin i ta, nlim Nhi vi Giai
putm a (lm tai c mi nhn ct kicli ca chng vo
s lnh (to ca Bni. Vi diii^ bit r s lnh o
ca Djig l kim ch nam, ! linh lii ca cch mng,
trong lnh vc van hc cung Iih trong mi' lnh
vc khc.
Nhm Nhn iin Giai plm rt xo quyt khng
(lm uyn 1)0 clHii* li s lanh (lo ca Bng, tri li
c khi dnm<i rao to l chng t nguyn dng (liri s
lanh o (t, v ch p kin e xy tltrii lnli o.
('hng da xy (lng nh Ih no ?
V? I)f lun, chng ra sc xuyn tc nguyn l
ca ch Iiha Mc* L-nin v vn e tng lnh o
vn Iih. Mnh khe ca chng l bng cch trch dn
ct xn mi s vn kin ca lnli t, thi phi c
clim ca viu ih ln, hin vn ngli thnh mt lih
vc than thnh c bit, thot ra ngoi s lnh o
ca Bang v chnh tr v l chc. V (l Trcmg-Tu,
kh ircl (lan hi T chc ca ng v vn hc ng
ca L - niu, lli ch ne11 lon mt cu : Khng th
chi cai c rug s nghip vn hc t nhn nhng
h ra ca i vi s bnh quan my mc, i vi s san
li, i vi vic s ng tliiig tr s t. Khng th
chi ci (tc rng trong s Iighip , tuyt clSi phi
b10 dm plini vi rng rai hao la cho sng kin c nhn,
elio chiu hng c nhn, ho m phm vi rng ri

172
hao la cho t tirii v sc tirng tng, cho hnh thc
v ni dung .
Triig-Tu vin vo cu ni trii ay ca L-Iiiu
(t gii thch rng theo L-nin, vn ngh s phai c
t do trit I (ti v* s lanh o ca Bng. Nhng
chng ta u biel troii hi bo ca L-nin, th cu trn
y ni v c im ca vn hc, klii pliai l nguvii
tc cn bn. ngha ton bi ca Lc-niii ni v lguyn
tc tinh ug ca vn hc. L-nin vit : Niiyn lc
ca vn hc tnt l \ ? Nguyn lc khii phi
ch ch i vi ixi c|) v sau Xi hi ch ngha, s
nghip vn hc khiig Iiliig khug th l cng c kim
tin ca nhng c nhn lioe nhhig nhm, m ni
chung 11 cug khii pliai l s ughip c nhu c
lp hn vi s nghip chuii ca giai cp v su. S
nghip vn hc phi thnh mt b phn troii ton h
s nghip ca giai cp v sn, phi thnh mt ci bnh
xe nh v mt ci (linh c trong b my XI hi ch
ngha v i, thng nht, o (ti Ucn phoii hon ton
c Iig ca ton b it cp cii nhu mo* my. S
nghip vn hc phai thmli mi h phn khii kht ca
cng tc ng x hi (lu ch thii nhai, c ke hoch,
c i chc . Ch sau khi Hi n iiuyn. lc cu ban
ny, L-nin mi ni n (lc (tiem ca vn hc. Nhng
ui n c im ca vn hc, L-Iiiu li kling qun
nhn mnh li nguyn lc : (( Tt c iiliCmg clieu cung
khng lt c ci iUYn. lv m liai c|i t san
v plii dn ch ca giai cp Ur su cho l l lmg, k
qui: s nghip vn hc phai l mi ) phn cng tc
ca Bn< X hi dn cli i liu elit che vi cc
h phn khc .
Nhm Nlun vn (iai phm ch nhan ml l
c im ca vn ngh, thi phng c iin m khng
h ng g n nguyn tc l hon ton xuyn lc

173
ch ngha Mc L-nin. Trich dn xuyii tc mt cch
bt lirag uh vy, Tnroii-Tu hin s lnh o
ca ng troii vn ngh thuh ra ch cn l bo (tam
cho vn ngh c t <o tuyt i; lum th ui,
hn bin s lnh o ca Bii i vi van ngh
thnh ra l s lnh (lo ca... vn ngh i vi Diig
Vi theo y, vn H*h s eu sii s,,t lioit Bng , li
l ngi pht lii11 s tht ton (lin v t thu d
l chn l, l Urii lm. tri tu ca thi i. H rng
Trng-Tu Irui* lr'11 bin ch ngha L-nin (hnh
ch ngha t-rt-kt, v Iigui ta (lu bit To-rt-kit
trc kin cng lv lun mt cch 115411 xuu l gi
cp v sn v Bng ca n khu* lli lnh o (lirc
cng tc vn ha, v khng hao gi c th xy dng
c mt nn vn ha v sn.
i vi N>l quvt ca Bi hi lu th 12 ca Dang
cng sn (bn-s-vich) Lin-x, Trii-Tu cng ng
cch xuyn tc nh vy. Bn ngh quvl khng nh
quyn lnh o ca Dii v mi mt ca CUJ tc van
hc, chng Iilriig phn t phun cch mng, phn. v
sn, len li vo van hc, dt r vi <t phi u tranli
khc phc tu* tirng iir sau biu hiu mt vi nhm
nh vn thi by gi. Nhng khi trch du, Trirmi-Tu
ct b ht nhng iu Iii ve quvcii lnh (to ca
ng tron*' vu hc, v trinh by nhir l)n ugh quyt
ng h ca cc nhm, cc b plii irc l (lo pht trin
theo kiu t (lo t sn.
Chng nhng xuyn tc l lun, chng li irng
li, nhm Nhn vn Giai plm C11 lim mi cch
(lnh trc ht s lnh do fii tl ca Dug la i
vi vn ngli. (Ihiiii lj) truug (l kch vo cc cn b
phu trch m chng gi l b ph(m trung ian . Chng
vu khng cc cn b ph trch ca Bng l b phi
c quyn lm Iign cch gia Bng v vn ngh s.

174
Clin t vin <le Daii| ch nn lnh o ci hii ,
khag Rn lanh o ve l chc , tra chuyii mn
ve cho chuyen mn . Th c ra bao uhiu th on, lun
iu ca chng cuoi CII1 c li l d h s lanh (to ca
Bng ta, v i giao <111voII. lanh o v? cho nhfm<* phim
l phn cch mng. T r II he l, nhm Nln van
G iai phm khii ULni liot (tng h phii, pli
hoai \vj)('
4 cc t clirc viiu hoe n thul * c ua la. Clmu
n m
n
mi th on b oi, tir phao tin vu klioiit n l i clii|4
tin bc li ko hoac kliu kliieh van Iih s chii
li ng, chia ro lii* 11*411 Viu Iil, mua cliuc HginVi
ny, da nt ugiri klic. c,lum<4 chui lui vo cc co*
quan vn hc u^l' tliut, nm co S(V, y l) cnh, lim
mi cch liug (lon cc CO' (ium v t tiriig v
t chc, hng (lti Iigav cc on tli van Iilu; lm
ciig cu chng li s lanh o ca Bng.
Tt c nhng m imru on ti, uhiTii liiu iu bp
bm v phan ng ca cltiig, kliii the no lay cluiyeu
c s lnh o cua Dtg la. Vi tit c liunu; vm
ngh s ycu nt* v tin l) mt ln tin Urmi Daii,
on kl, ([lia hc tp v ctau Iraul cii on kct
chung quanh Biui lnh ao. V s nghip cch mng
ca dn tc, ca <*iai c|), v nen VHI lic vh ihui
ca mrc nh, Bang ta kiu quvt gi vn vui Ir luh
ao kling nhng tru mt trn kinh t, chinh Ir m
c iru mt vix he ih thut. Kliuj Iilm tn i la
cn thit luh o m thc s t ra c kha iii
lnh o vu ngh v mi m t: irii li (chinh tr v
Iigh luii), chinh sch, v l rhc. Kliii the e cho
quyn lnh o d roi vo lay ulnriig phan t lli dicli,
nliru phn t plii uj4 Iroii ia cp bc lt Iihu*
bn cam u ulim i* Nhii tn (iidi plurn '
B l mt chm l (ta ir r lich s, irc nhng
Hi vn Uh s chn, chnh tha nhn. T hao nm

175
nav, gii vn gli Virt-uain a thv r con (Urug giai
phng ca minh gu li ( II vi s lnli o ca Bng. Vic
chp hnli irm g li chiih sch vn ngh ca Bng ta,
d cu mt s lliieu Hi lch lc, Iilumg du hau vu
l ng* N m ra clio VUI mh mt con irii rng
rai, phc v T qti(H\ phc v nhii (lu, I> d trn
li cho vn ngli mre Iili mt iiuii sinh lc m i
cha tng tliv trong thi tnrc.
Nhn r nliii c* (liem ca YUI iigli, Bii ta ch
trng v trn llic t, plit huy linh ch ng sng
to ca vn Ii|h s, i|) clio vn ng s chn laV
nhng ch e, nhhit liuli thc nvv tliut thch hp
vi kh Iiug v s* Ii4iiyn ca iniuli. Nhng Dn< ta
cung lun UII vu cau cc Yiiu ngh s t t mnh
trong hng Iigi phn au cch niii ca nhn dn, dng
(V mui nhn ca cuc sn<4 , tlt s l lmri k sir xay
dng tm hn theo lp tnnVii ca ch Hgla Yu ie
v ch ngha xa hi, v IIIUII vv, uli vn. Iih cln
chinh phi t gic di minh Ut s (hri s lfmh ao
ca tii.
Nhng lun iu ca b n N l i vn G/rt p l n i
v cc vu e vn lic Mh thut c klia cnh iigtiy
him l chui luu hum lm ra ve cch mn4 Irt
, ( cng sau lum Dii CII sn I). Loi le )ip
ch l mnh khe a mn r ca bn t-rt-kit nay
e m d n g l i . B c ( t i m c a I)II t o - r t - k i t l h a o gi*
cung cc t (V (lau li, iihmi thc t chng ch
chm lo quyu li ca iai c) pliau (U cc hu
v lun lun khiu khch chng li Dii. Diri nh
hng tcr-rt-kl iy, Vii theo ging hri tc dng tinh
thn, nlini Nhn van (riai plum lm ra v u
tranh cho t (lo trit e nhng trii the t, ai cung
ro, clmg ch (ti i l (lo tril cho vn ngh
phn ng.

176
 Bcm phan tch nhng quan iem vn nj*li phu
ng ca nhm Nhn vn G iai plum , chng la
thy r cuc au tranh iii chng la vi bn. chng
l cuc au tranh khng the khoan nliirn* ia hai
ng li van nih (ti lp li?m nhau.
MI
1)!1 cim
n khai vch
r van. \vj}\
n l inl
vu
khi au tranh giai cp, cii khai ch IrirU vti Iigli
phai phc v chnh tr, phc v cch mng XI hi ch
ngha v s nghip au tranh thU ulit uirc nh.
Mt !)n tli tri li, lp lun oi l van. U1 (tc
lp vi chnh tr, i tr li ii thuit v ngh thut y
i quvci < rt (lo luvt di cho vii ngh ; nhini thc
ru l da vn nh vo COI ihr.ig su a, diig vi
ngh c phc v cho (tng li chinh Ir phn iig,
cliig li t quc, hii an., chiig li cch miLi x hi
ch ngha.
Mt bn. coi qun chn nhn u lao it()n.<* l
iigiri sng lo ra lch s, dt khot ch trng vn
Hh phi phc v cng nng binh, vn ngh phi c
liih iai cp v tih Biig r rt. Mt bn th Iri li,
lp lun gian doi l vii ngh tri. mi giai cp, ch
phc v (( con ngmVi nlui vn )>, ((uhii Unli chung
cho mi ngiri ; ihirut thc ra ch l nhng tm
m u r v li che cv n i m u (lon lo i c a )I c ir p n c ,
bii nc, che y li song ch k, tn bo v thi nt
ca nhiig giai ca|> p 1)T bc lt, lm cho vn ngh
xa ri hoc chon * li quan chng lao (lng crt nng
biiih,' l luvi
, ai
* a s Iroiu*
n nliL (lau,* l sc mnh

v linh hoa ca l uirc.
Mt h n khmi (liih UCII vn h' xa hi ch iigiui,
tnre ht l vn Ul Lin-x, CU Iilur ni viii HUC;
cch niiiig (V nirc ta l nn YII n^l l! <|) ult,
clura l'U c tron. lch s, umii sc SUI4 m i ca
nhn loi, ca dn t()c c gii phng. Mt bn, trai
li, luu lun xoi mi khuyt im, )l Iilin thnh
tich, lUn lm cho sii li ch cfi v lim van ngh
t sn thi nt.
Mt bn coi cng ic van hc ngh thut l mt
bnh xe nh , l mt inh c trong b niv cng
tc ca Bang, s ughiop YU1 hc ngli tliut l mt b
phn khng kht Irong ton h s nghip cch mng,
do nht nh vn nih phi chu s lanh (to ca
ng mi c Ihe phi trieii. Mt bn. th Iri li vin
vo c im ca vn. HLh thi plion^ n.hfni^ (lc
im (t ln mt cch qu ng, (t* i (tn kt luii:
ng khng the lnli do c, i tra (iiveu lih
o vn ngh v cho vn lh , thin ch (li iiig
phi chu s lanh (to ca vn ih , nlurii lliire ra
l tch vn ngh khi s luli o ca Bang, e trao
quyn lnh o vn nglic vo tav bn tli icl, 1)11
phn cch mng.
ng li th nht l dng li van Hh ca ch
ngha Mc L-uin, ca Bng ta. ng li
lm cho vn ngh s nc ta tin b v cc ngnh
vn hc ngh thut ca ta t c thnh lch dng
k, <4p sc vo s iigliip cch mi ca nhm n
ta trong mi my nm nav. l ng li vix Iigli
duy nht ng.
Biriig li th hai, l ng li vn n\h CUI
nhng phau t phan ng ni i bin l bn. cm
u nhm ph hoi Nhn vn G iai phm )). B l
ig li lm i trv vn ngh s, ng li en ti
phn cch miv.
Chng ta a u tranh chng li (lirig li vn
ughc )hn ng . Chng ta t irc thng i

178
111 bc u. Nhng cuc u tranh cn. phi tip tc.
Lv irn
n li van n.jh'
n ca n o lao ii*
o Vit-nam

lm vu kh chiu au, gii vn agh chng a hay tin
len, tiu (lit iii JC iriig loi vn ngh phn ng
ca nhm Nhn van G iai phm >.

T-H
Bo co iotg kt cuc u (ranh chng
nhm ph hoi Nhn vn Giai pham
trong Hi ngh Ban chp hnh hi Lin
hip vi hc ngh thut Vit ~ nam hp
ln th ngy 4-6-958 ti -ni .

179
 . . . Sau khi a nhn, lly mt cch khi qut ili
biu hin v h<; Ihiii Ur hrng ca Nhn van
Giai phtimn, cliii la hv i vo lnh vc vn ngi*
mt tru a m ch ngha xt li (t cu sc mun chim
lnh Irc lin, ngav khi 1I ht au ra mt tn cng
chng ta. Bia ht nv, Nhn V(in Giai phm tim
ccl ling lm cho Uii la iiii rii cliuh Ir
khng tli bit n, chuyn chinh khng the Inre vo.
L u n lun nhi 11 i qua nlrng khe mt lo xc,
gian t v ngu mui, nhng ke cm au N hn van
Giai plm a nhieu 111 khoc lc ch bai ngi ny
dt, ngi kia t, a nhi Ca lu ru rao rng chinh
tr kh n g h iu i v vu ngh, T ru n g cmc* i ta v
ton ang la khny nhn thc (IU iiih n ca ch
ngha M c L-nin v quan h <]ia ch n h r D vn
ngh)), v.v... Trong khi , nhng m kin thirc m h
chii ra khng c \ khc l s nhai i nhai li nhhn
ci ba a xc tirm t 111110 no, ch nj ht xung
h rc hn ngoi con Tt tiu 111 ca loi Uiri.
Nhiu bn quan. tm n lin vn nghe; nc nh a
tng lii tiag (lp mnh nhng quan iem xu xa c a
h. Nhau dp tin hnh cuc u tranh hin nay, chng
ia ciing nn nu li vn e mt cch lng oi ton
in uh bt hn ch ngha xt li trong vn iigh
mt cch cn bn.

I. X C NH Q U A N NM c l N V V A N X G I I

T rir c khi ph phn t U riu N hn vn G ia i

pham ve vin nih, olnng la 1UM1 nhn rf> vin tUh

180
 g. Cung can ni thm rSng vn c nhiu loi: vn
chin.li tr, vn k lliul, viu 11V Ihut, Y.v... Trong (lanh
t r/ lir (liX chung, khi nim v n tc l ch
vu. mv tluiL Do (t, dinh ngha vn uhe, thc cht
lc l nh n^hi ngh lltut. Vy Iili thut l g?
Tr l i cu hi y nnr th no ; chuh l mt ng
ranh gii plin ro ch ngha <ltiy vt v ch ngha
duv lm ; ng thi cng chinh l int (tim then cht
cn. nm (l lt mt n ch ngha xt li chuyii ngh
che y ci ban dit phan (tai ca n (li ci lt
lin b nhum 11111011 mau (lim da, sc so*.
Theo quan (tiem (111V lm m cc iai cp bc lt
nm ([uvii tliu tr t che chim hu ii l u
ch t hn ch ngha a tiXg lung ra e m hoc
ngi ta, lli nglu; thut l mt ci g liuva b, ch c
uhii hang iiri c hit no^ (( vn chng nt t,
thii miiili tnh tr i)) th mi vn. ng v thng thc
c. X{liv thut lo' ii niu 1.1(Vi (Viioi thc ca
con niri, khni he thav i v khn bao i ph
Ihuc vo cuc song. Xliug Uiri c tm hn ngh
lluial em ii ti lion ca miih ra pliii s llrh thut,
ch on Ihuan l (laj) li tiRg J4i ca Xng ngh iliut
hav Xng cam liu (V ci hir v uao m thi... H thng
tir tirn tu* sn, tru hirc ii hn< x chiu t CUI
ch igla Ur bu, (ta |)hl Irin en mt mc (t v cng
phc tp lv thuvt nghe thut v ngh thut9 va ra
khng bit bao iiliiu phi van h suy i, chuli cung
l xut pht t li lp lun hoang ng nh trn.
Tri li, ch ngha duy vt I)it)n chng v ch ngha
(hiv vt licli sir quan nim lili Ihut l mt trong
nhng hlnh thi ca th c x hi, mt nguyn
t quan trng bc nht ca vn ha loi ngcri.
c trirng ea ngh thut l * ch n phn nh
cuc sng thc ti bng nhng hnh t*ng m

181
thut. Ngh thut tc ng tch c c n t t&ng,
ch v tinh cm ca ngir*! ta, v ng mt vai
tr to Id*n trong cuc sng ca x hi, trong cuc
u tra n h x h i. (Di bch khoa ton llur x-vii-l).
Trn CO' s' ca quan nim , Irong qu trnh cch
mng x hi ch ngha, nv ra v pht triii klini
ngng ch Iigha him thc x hi cln Hha, phirmi*
php vn nh tin b nlt trn lch s loi ngi
t tnrc ti nay. %

Quan uini e ra nh trn c v gin n, v lgav

t nhng ivy iirii ln in C(V lnh o cch nuui,
ng ta vn. tlurng to dc chng ta theo tinh thn
. Son phn lch tiig ctini Iroii s inh ngha IrtMi
ay v i chiu vi tuli hnh thc te, chii ta thv
rhv nhiu anh ch em chmg ta, v c mt s ug
vieii c Irch uhi>m ve vn ngh n uav vn cn c
nhieu (tim m h, bieu liiu r rt nht tren nhm<4
birc ngot ca cch mng. Bi vy, mt mt thi ny
ra nhng him tirug ch nhn vo V thrc xa hi, vo
giai cp tnh mi cch chuii chuag v qu gin n,
m khng clit V ti c Inrii ca vn ttglt, cui cng
roi vo ci gi l ( xa hi hc tliiig tc i vi vu
ngh, khiu laii.il o c vn nh mt cch that st.
Mt khc, li c nhmi klmviih lirMg xao laag vic
tnui (li nhn sitih quan cch mng v xc uh lp
trirug <*iai cp, ciiig khng nm vng c trng ca
vu ngh l (Vch no, m loay hoay tim ti (t th iic
trii vicu vng, cui cng m ra l) v bn le cuc
sii, lc IU, li.it li tru cou tirii tin ln ca xa
hi, ca lch sr. Ch ngha xt li, np minh trong
nhng lc bnh thng, v ngc u lii trong uhii
khi cch mng chuyn biu, bao gi cuiig li <U,mj4
tnh trang v li ko ngir uv, kch ngi kia,
Ch ngha xt li tlng khng nhc li tng ch,
tng cu ca ch ngha duy tm l liu. Xo trn ch

182
ngha tluv vt vri ch ngha duy tm trn c s ch
n<*lin ciuv tam, n rt hav trch n. uhng cu vn li
Iii ca Mc Ang-ghcn L-nin.. c nhng bi ca
Xguvcu-lht-Oan, Tnnrni-Tn, v.v... ngi no cha
bit r con ugiri ca h, thi rt de c cm tng nh
h nghin cu ch Mhtx Mc L-III mt cc Iighim
tc lm. Song tlit ra, li trch (lu ca h ch l nhng
mnh khe ittii tr nhm lm qu qut, mo m nhng
lun (tii ca Mac iii-hcii L-Iiiu, bii cch em
ci ll vu v ph thuc ra lam m nht hoc chng
li ci ch vu ; em ci c bit, b phn ra lm m
lih hoc clii li ci ph bin ton11 din. Chng ta
a tly ch iilKi xt li hin nay trn. th gii, thi
phii ln v ba t ra th c<c im dn tc
e cliiig li ch Uhn quc t v sn, ph hoi phong
tro eiii sn v cni nhan th gii. Ti y, chng
ta cM lliiy ch ngha x! li thi phng ln v ba
t ra (t tlr c trirng kv quc ca van ngh, hoc
ca ngnh ny, Iim khc, i tr vn ngh cho vn
n qli (r chut/cn m i cho chuyn mn chia x ri rc
tiu b phn ca cuc SU (te nm 1aV iX b phn
m chng li ang lanh o. Chnh sch chia e t r
m cc ai Cp l)c lt van tlii hnh n.hfmg ni do
cluii thng tri, khi em p dng nhng ni m
nhan an lao ng lm ch x hi, th (t hin thnh
m num chia (? ph , i t liili vc t tng n
lnli vc chnh tr.
L lun vn ngh ca ch uglmi Mc L-Iiin
rt elu tr (tc Inni ca vn. iil, v a neII r
c I r m i ca V in Iih l c h n q l t h u t p h n n h

C C s d n t t h c l i h a n ( n h h n h i r n q m t h u t .

Hi mi trm nm InnVe (lav, Bi--liu-sky nh ph

binh vn. hc R i ling ca nc Nga, cng l mt
nh phe binh vn he ni ting tru th gii, nh

183
ngha ngh thut mt cch rt sc lch vt tlv hfnh
t n g : N g h th u t l s suy nqh bng hnh trt/II .
Nhng Iigiri mc-xit l-nin-nit v s tht trong lch
s vn ha loi n.>iri dn xc nhn s iuli ngha ct
l ui, ve nil hhih thc ciiig nh v int ni (lung
ca vn ngh. Bi su vo c Irirug ca vn !>l chinh
l i su vo vn hnh Urii ii thut trong
c hai vu ni dung ci vn ngh v hnh thc ca
vn ngh ; ch khng phi c lu u quan Yi nhng ci
nhu linh siu iai cp hay vi ci tht , ci p ,
ci tt siu llitVi UI v siu khii* aa.
Sont mi (ieu csx IU l)t lin 1('II trirc ht v
i5m nv l : 15' 111II vii lUh ca ch Uha Mc
L-nin bao gi- cii t vn c tr n g ca vn
ngh d i tin vn ngh l mt hnh thi
ca thc x hi, mt nguyn t quan trng
bc nht ca vn ha lo i n g i . Nu ra c
trng ca vn ngh l (t phn, lit vn Hh vi
nhng hnh thi klic ca thc x hi, vi nhng
nguyn l khc ca Y n ha loi ngiri, ch khui
pli cho vrt il lp d vi V thc x hi,
vi vu ha x hi, vi cuc u traah x hi ni
chung. Nlum nuTng k <4co rc nc c ca ch
ngha u.r phi, ch ULli v chinh )1111 li ctira ra ci
gi l qu luM phi trieu ca t thn vii ngh
m ph nhu lc n. iiyl nh cui cng ca quv
lut pht tri&n ca thc x hi v ca ui VII hn
loi Hiri cfui<> nh cia quv lul phi Irii ca
x hi loi n<*<Y ni chun.fi i vi hau tlui vn
X^li. Lm vi()c v, h khng c mc ch g khc l
chng li quan (tim (tu Ircmh giai cp ca ch Iila
Mc L-Iii , clii li cch mng x hi ch Iiild.
Tririig-Tu, Nuyn-lni-in*, Phtm-Khi, V. V...
lp lun Iihtr th. M 1 lun ca h, qua Iihn trng
ngy bin di ng, quv li ch cn tr hai ch tir

184
pht , rt ph hp v*i tin hn lun ca nhng
ke (l? \U''1U ch n^?*n ?:i*t ii, rt >n hp vi tu* tng
V t h i 11h J) 11 c a I) !I I ) V . N V tr I \ u n I <4 b i
m* tron^ Xln HU Giai puhn , cfcl111n ta cta
lliiv r Ur lir:!<4 )li*ui <ln< cua h, qua nlnViU VI1
( l quan li n i a c h in h tri v Nan 1 1 1 , ( lo sng t c,

tlii <
1 vin nh s (toi vi Dang lanh o, v.v... se
trnh by troii* Iihii liaii SU.

l. X I l X G )KU T A M H x PH HOI

Klii a Iiim \iv1 lin e vii VnUX

l
t hnh
l i r a (i t l c ,\7 h i } n q i y r n to (iKti roi b c
n h t ca nn h i l o i Uivi , c l i i lu p h i R i n
v a i tr c a n h n s i n h (IV (loi v i tiih c h t v p li m
gi ca lc phni Viii u<4l, ca con igiri vn ugh.
Nhn su li m na, cluai la phi iii (ta vui tr quyt
inh ca cuc siiL (i vi tlrc COI1 miri, vai tr
quyt (tnh ca c s hn hri i vi kiei irc ben
trn. Mc v n^-^hen. (ta c li r : K h n g p h i th c
quyt nh cuc sting m l eue sng quyt nh
thc (T V h frc). Lc-Iiin klnj4 nh
Sng tron g x hi m li t do tch r*i x hi
l khng th ir * e . Cuc s iU X h i ( l a t r i i CO
s* 1)011 thri l Ii?ii tiu kinh t hao 1*0111 uhfni phn
si xut, tiu ni*, clim hfi*u, ph ui phi, v.v. .. cc
sau phm vi chat p n^ nhu cau ca i sn.
Mi ch (t k iiii le quvl (lui mt thc X hi nht
nh. Troii xu hi c giai cp v au tranh giai cp,
a v v hoi canh khc nhau ca cc thnh phn
xu hi ve mt kinh t quvt ili s khc iiliaii ira
cc thiih ph.i xa hi ve ni;l uliiVi snih quan, quvct
iilv lli (t ca mi thnh phan trong cuc au tranh
giai Cp, v cc mt kinh t, diuh tr, rung Iilur v mt
tir tng,p
bieu h i iiln m mi

hnh thi ca V llrc xa hi.
*

185
 Quan h sfm x u t chim hu ri l a ra ci nhAn
s i n h q u a n c a - r i - s t t . T u h Ir u iKiri n l m n
, n q ir i k ia l m c h n li; l CU btU v l t . Qiiii
h chim hu phong kin r < \ nlii sin.il quan ca
Xanh L ug-ie, mt trit gia phoii kin chu u
ngy trc : (( Chinh cha Iri mun rnq , qi
ngi vi nqi, c hU) k lm cha (tt v nhnq
k khc lm nng /l, llnh ra cc cha l H c
nqha v /(h cha tri, cn cc inq I h r Ua
v i qufi v tn kinl cc cha t ca h. Clu
ngha tir ban, nhm mt lao theo niii lai nhieu uhf
bang cch )c lt thng d gi tri, (t ra iilian SI1.
q u a n c a iilum g k nhi tl i l i I r m p h n tr m
th (lm chn (I xro ln moi php lut ca loi iUri ,
v nu Ih li ba trm phn Irti l cldnq cn c
ii c no m klnq mao l n n hnh (l s st
trc qi trro c)) (1). Biu sc lao ng v t ca Li
tr do s c lao n g sng to ra thali uhhig lling
phm hot (t 11^ m qung trn thi trirm v t crc,
ch ngha tir b 11 cung ra nhn sinh ( 11 nu c nhn
c h ngla v th gii q u a n ugLi cuiig m thc t
l hon lon bt lc ca Piich-tcr: Ti mun lm
ngi ch ca thin Iilin, v hin nlirn phi him I
l ca ti : ti mun c the tc ng vo lirn nhien
t] theo sc mnh ca li, nhivU) hi hin l khnq
c c cht (inh UVK gi (ti vi ti c .
Nhu sinh quau cng s11 ch ngha ca ngi v
sn gic ng cch mng l xiit pht t nhn nh :
S xa b ch tir hu to thnh s gii
phng hon ton cho cc tnh cm v c tnh
c a con ng * i. (Cc Mc). B l nuic (tch cui cui
ca s nghip cch mng ca chng ta. l 1 lircmg
ca chng ta,

(1) en-nir theo li dan ca c . Mc trong T bn lun.

186
 D nh in l trn tltrc t, quan, h gia cuc sng
v thc, gia co* s bn irri va kin trc bn trn,
khng phiu bieu hin mt cch gui n. S tc ng
lu nhau gi lia mtiu nghn. s vt trong cuc scmg,
gia rt nhieu C[tiv lut trong xu hi, lm cho cc trng
thi diu hiu ca XI lii Hi chuiig, cuLig nh ca
mi con niri, mi s vt trong x hi Hi ring, u
v cng phc lp. Nu kliug ch iu m ch
nhn s lc mt chiu th khng th khng ri vo
ch SUY lui my 111c theo x hi hc thng tc.
Tuy Iihiti, XI (tu cng, trng thi x hi d din
bin phc tp en (tu, iihiXg iu khixg nh trn,
ay ca Mc v L-Iiiu ve quan. h gia thc vi
cuc sng, gia COII u<iri vi x hi, l hon ton
ug.
Vn ngh khng phi l mt vl t thn no
t n quyt (tnh tnh cht ca n v quyt nh
thc ca ngi vn Iigli. Tri li chnh l cuc sng
quyt nh Ihc ca co11 ngi vn ngh v thc
ca ngi vu ngh quvt nh lnh cht ca vn ngh.
Hi vv trong mt x hi c u tranh giai cp, vn
ngl mt hnh thi ca V thc x hi tc ng tch
cc i vi iu* tirii, ch v tnh cm iiiri ta
tr' thnh mt cng c (tu tranh rt quan trng, ng
tlicri l mt mt trn (tan tranh rat quan trng. T khi
x hi loi i^iri chia thnh giai cp v din ra cuc
u tranh giai cap, vii ugli nhiu ln thay (ti v
ni ung cung nh v hnh thc, cung nh trong bn
than vn ugli luii lutt c nhng Iuig tri ngc,
eliig i nhau.
L luii vn nghe* ca Nhn vn G iai phm
i lt mc-xt m hon ton (ti ngc li quan im
nlnr tr11 ca ch ngha Mc L-nin. Theo Trng-
T u, nhu sinh quan ca ngi vn nghe l do d t

137
thn vn ngh mang li, ngi vn ngh t nhin c
ci l do ni tm , h hon to theo s SUII U
ring, s nqiUn ring, hrng tm ring ca bm iht
h. o hon ton (c lp f*(' chi (h, c lp ir tvU,
c /(/i */<7 lc . ,.J ch lu l theo ki) i v ch th
ca tri im h,
ca khi c h,
' ca hin
* thc
x hi
m
h phn nh ti/ theo trinh nhn thc c nhn
ca h . V Trng-Tu phnh ph vn ngh s l
nhng Hiri t Irnq , l iririK/ tm ca thi i.
Triig-Tu xa nha ranh gii gia nhng ngi lm
cng tc vn ngh cch mng ca chii'4 ti vi nh n
k 1111C nh qu gi Irirc th lc ng tien, iilnTii
k tng em vn ugh lm phirii tiir lp ci vi
bn mt Ihni Php tnre y 111 phn li T quc, ph
hoi cch mng, nhng phn. l thi nt hiu nay aUi*
chng li s nghip xv (lng ch H'*hi x hi ca
chng ta. Nu c mt lli vn ngh chu chinh 0 tru
tag no t thu n quyt (tnli mi ngiri lm vn
ngh u t trng, u l lng tm ca thi (ti DIh
lm g c ci kiu t trng # ng khinh nh ci t
trn'' ca Phau-Khi, lm < <1 c nhng th 1ir<m<4
tm en ti nh lng tm ca Nguyu-hu-aiig,
Trn-Duv, v.v... v lm g c nhng k cam bt lng
bc Nguyn-hu-ang, Phui-Khi, Trn-Duy, Y.v... nh
Tririig-T lm ?
Phnh ph nh VV, Trng-Tru c ctira vn ngh
s i n u ? Pht triii nhng ci gi l l trng ,
lm hn cao qu , lng tm ca thi i, Triig-
Tu i ti mt mc ch c the lng vo mt cu
ni c m h : H (vn ngh s) cln<j i bt c
sc p ch t tng no . N l ii n<i nghin. cu lch
s loi ngiri theo quan im ch ngha Mc L-nin
u bit rng ngv no Irong x hi loi ngi cn c
u tranh giai cp th ngy trong x hi loi ngi

188
cung eu c chuyn chnh trn mi lnh vc : chinh tr,
kinh t, van ha, v.v... Hi chuug, v ngy trn ln h
vc tir tiriig cung cn c vii t tng nv p ch t
tiig kle chn.g i li. May nghn nm qua, Ur tng
ch n |) che l Uri gii pliig 11 l, t lirixg
phong kin (la p ch t tng gii phng nng dn, t
Imrii tir san. p ch t lirng gii phng v sn, tir
ImVng quc p che t t<mg gii phug n tc.
Ngy nay * trii phun ln th gii, vn. ang dicn ra s
p ch ca ilnig* l tircmg phong kin, t tng t sn,
tu* iuVi^ (l quc, tu* iirng chiu trauh i vi t
tirn. giai plini IIII'4 Hu, t tn phii v sn,
lu* UnViiq iai pliii (ln lc, ir tii 'la biil. Trong
klii , (V cc uirc thuc h thng Xt hi cli ngha,
nen chuvii elih v sau uht nh khug lli mt pht
no lo l vic trau p nhng t tircmg phn cch mng
ca bn bc lt I) nh (l nhng cluni l) tiu dit
hon ton, tir ttrcmg xam lc v gy chiu ca ch
ngha quc. Tru miu Bc iurc tu, chmg ta nht
uli khug th mt pht iio xao lag vic Ihi hnh
chuvii chnh i vi l tcViig phn iig chng li ch
ngha x hi, clii li s nghip tlng nht nirc nh
v s nghip hao ve ha bnh th gii, N i chK li
bt c scc p ch? ti hrng no , trong hon canh min
Hc nc ta (V <: on nv, c thc c liiih l khiu khch
chii li s thi lmh cliuyu cliih ca Nh nc chng
ta i v(Vi nhng t tirimg phn ng ui tru. V ug
sau a ht lu* Urai, d Iihin. l cn nhiu a
ht khc...
Cm tu nh li mi hai nm trc ay, sau Cch
mng thtu Tm, Trng-Tu a tng vai ra ht 4ii
t tirii phm ctij ca ug--re Git- : vn ngh
phi PO rk chiU incn bl phc tnq v phn khtt .
Pha ch li (lui mu sc no, l liit v vn l ra
bn cht ca n.

is y
 Vn ngh c phi vnh vin. nViUX C( cht men bl
phc ln*] v phn khiU ' khiig? Chng la tr l i:
kliii. Diri ch Ihoii tr ca cc iai cp l)c li, nht
l (V thi kv SUY iti ca cc ch' n^iri l)c lt iiiri,
vn ngh tii h, vi iiLli qu bu, l van ngli phii
nli cuc s IU* ca ii ao uliii (lu l) giy xo (hr
gt iv ca bn bc lt thng t r ; pliu nl tnh cm,
V chi ca (lng \o iiliu (lii cam it, phii khng bon
])c lt ilig tri ; vch tru s thi nt, canh hn lon
ca bn. bc lt Ihug tr gy lin uhu*ag ni au kh,
cm h i ca ng ao nhn dn, v.v... l do iu
kiii x hi c giai cp, c u rauh giai cp v do giai
cp bc lt nam quyn thng tr m ra. Trong hon
cnh x hi pht triii theo loi t pht, xa hi cha nhn
r con ig xv cliig, v cuc u tranh x hi ch
yu l mang linh cht a ph i vi ch liin hnh,
tt nhiu vn ngh hia thc ch ngha ehig mang linh
clil ph i vi ch hin liiih ckri mt mu
sc, cnh klia no v. Song nhn chung ton h lic li
s vn ngh loi mi qua cc ch n^iri bc lt
ngi, chng ta cung khRg th ni rng tinh chl bt
phc tnq v phn kliii l tuvt i, klini th ni
rng tuyt i ch c uhiTng tc phm vu ngh man
tnh cht a ph mi c i tr ili thuiL S Ul l
'phoig Bng ciig nh pliiig Ty, trong ilum g
iu kiu pht triu c the uo ca X hi, ngmVi ta
tng thay nay ni nhng lc phm vii MhC' Vt xut sc
m khng mang tuh chl (t ph. Ngy nav, loi ngi
dn dn nhn lliy con ircmg xi ug cuc sng
mt cch t gic, v trn th gii ct c li hng cc
uirc x hi ch ngha, iiii thng tri ca bn l)c
lt b p v nhan dn lao (tug, ii trn cirii
v ngiri ch xa hi, (tang l gic v pUi khi xy
dng cuc song mi. T ro n g lilurii* x hi nhu* trii, van
ngh tot p hicu hiu thc x lii v pli nli cuc

1U0
si xa hi (l l mt tch cc hav mt tiu Cc
lil I i h i c n ll hin. inli I h a u h i n t h c k h i i p h a i t i n h
c h a i a ph m l (V liii.lv cliat x a v (lii i v i c h (t h i u
liiil. (<() i linli ehil (ta )!i ilnr t i n h c h a i lu VI i c a
vn igl' l sai. Diri che (t xa li do nhau (lu lao
(lVg l m c h m ira r a l l i u v l q ieo r c c l m e n b t
p ic v ph di l phn ng. B l nhn
kliK
sinh ([nau ca iihiU iu tam hn )) phau cch mng,
l lv luii ca nhung ke )h hoi cig cuc xv dng
c h n g h a \ a hi.

Di (ti vi lun, iu Iru (ty ca Trinmg-Tu,

Ki Cii-Kli C'<
>liic lsc l)inVii ca v.i ngh s. Niiii
ke khc troi<4 Nhn vn Giai phm pliong cho
i l h i <( van Iii s iih ir h l (iicm ta ca Ih r i ,
tr IVn* Iro ca Hcri
n ci xu,7 kch ci tol,7 v ro rit
tiLi hiih mi vic /o/ /on theo s SI ngh ring,
.v/r C VVU, liriK tm ririi ca bn lln /10. i
vo snu; tc, L-t, ke a a ra ci (( iu tm hn.
lm nhu* l ci l)i quvet thn kv ca ngh thut* thi
hng h i vau Uh s C(au vo kho thuc n ca i
sii (!). I mu II lm n tung tt c ? H mun,
(tem ci t thn vn iK )> ca h thay th bom M
? Nhu au ta quvt khng cho uhii (tiu tm
hn )]i hom iv lm vn c bu khug khi lnh
mnh ca min lc chng ta u !

III - Lt DNG LN NHAU IIAY L ((T THN

VAN NirK MXi SX TNH CHT CIINH TR
CCII MNG ?
T van o ihiui sinh ([Iian eluiyn. sang vn (t quan
h vn H^li v chnh tri, (Nhn van - /r phm
cuii ciira I*a ci vi l lliu cn vn Hh e ph
nhn nlm<4 Huvii Lac ca ch nglrii Mc L-Iiin.

191
 Phan-Khi, trong hi Ph binh lanh o vn
(Giai plim ma iIU tp I) vit : ((Chinh tr phi
v vai vn ngh m ni rng: s d lao lm hiel dn
m l vi (10 in li dH ci iujh uu ca .
D c i l v i ilutu n h h e r i , mi Mi. ((J ).
N h t n i q p h n U i h n l p l r i c i c a v t Ui\
chnh Ir khng bao bin (ir c , n p h i (ti (c
(lo roii p h im (t. Xlir h iirU chinh tr CII khU
% le () m k h n q 11( ;/. i l d i hn (eu c l i , c i
ngiiCii iiiC ( J Hy HU n hi ch (lng IroU bi c
s hp lc no .
Truxm^-Tu, Irou* hi Vn l/h D chinh Ir (G iai
plm ma thu lp III v Giai plm mKt ng) (l v i l:
vn ngh t tha 11 it {hi phi KUK chinh r linh v
phi c tc dti chnh ir ... I(tn thn vn nqh Ktng
clnh tr nh bn n kh(i) kh UIU c-x-ien . . .
H o ( V u n g h s ) l m ikIc t h u t d p h c v m i
l li() m ch quan h cho l cao c, (). L}
i n g ntj> ti i n q hon cnh cl s c lliK hp v i
nguyn vmj ca giai cp cch mU ni) Ii ii cp
cch miK khc c chinh tr iiih. . . Yhi cu ca
n g bn-s-nch i inri vn hoe hon ion ih} nht
VOK c n bn v i Ijru C<*11 h'u h n c a s SU c
nyli h u l ,
Ngoi ra, cu mt so plii trong nhm Nhn
vn Giai plni a ra lc (ic (len ny, iem 11,
lp l u a v quan h ix van. ii v chiili tr, ng
ln Irn bo Nhn ran, l|) Giai pum lioiic pht biu *
ni khc. X h ii cluuig nliug icin uv khix c k tc
l nhng ci rau rin ca hai qiuui iem trn y, tii
cuag khn<4 ciii nhc li.
Mi xem qua, lun i(11 ca Plum-Khi v liin
iu ca Trmmg-Tu ]1r11 niir c ve klik* iihau. Soii
xt cho k th vn mi dng mt CI.
 T heo Phnn-R lti, ttiv llii l la H>h thut, ch n h
Ir l c h in h tr , hai ci kh n g llie ha vo I ih a u , lliiI I I

vo nhau. Ngh tlui l lliu i l) hao i cng uhir

hao li', i vi chnh tr chang qua l li dng lu
Iihau, theo nguyn. tc hai hn cu li y v Iri
liu l thau chnh tri phai e cho n^H lu i l (lum* l <1
luyt d i llu*() vu d u ca l thm HLh Ihul . Xv
dng (iiaii h viu y, U4IV tluit ca H u m -K h i ch a ii
khc g mt con (l (ti vi ai c *i hi sim sng v
vai M cng (li, m iii l c (lum* iha man. ci l (lo
riiLL* ca mnh, m in l k h iii (1i n rh |)hi ku
ln : T i i i i (lu (lu m * l ti IUU >). T h i r a , (UVi v a n
mli
o ca Plia n -K h i v (li van u<l
n ca Iilums*
o k
cam (lau N h i oan G ia i pham v i ch l ci
(li ca eou h ihut vi ngli< thut da ti
hin, m itli c h o lii c h o i chinh Ir ca c Mlua Ihc
(lu, v (tu laii (y li l ro ra l C11 mang nuig
kli Unni lir vi lnh xira iigia cu.
Trug-Tu, ci ll mc-xii (l (lirv tiiu llua
mi cch tiL c ii |)liu lum, Y in m g -T im vii ni VII
nhv kling Ihe tci ri eliiiih Iri. Nllii4 Truoiig-TiVu
ngy l)iii rng: a) liuli ct diuli tr nam sau troug t*
llin vn n^li nlir e-xi-gitMi nam Iroii kliiig kh;
I>)V11 ngh s khii ke (V giai cp no, ch cu )hc
v m i l lm ig I11 c lii quau li clio l cao c, ti dp
Uy khc lv tiri nv, lV lini hon cnh c the,
U*|> vi nguyn vng giai *|) cch m ii liy hay giai
Ci) cch mng kliCA).
N i ulur T rm m g -T iu thi c lm van Hgli l l
kliic c ehuh tr, v trong van ii kling c chinh
tr xau hao gi. Soi{4 IICU 6c-xi-j*iou Iroii k h ii khi
khiit he c th oxi-ien cc nmug v c-xi-gieu
phn cch mng, llii r i l ehin.il tri li c ch n h tr
l>hon <4 kiu, chnh tr l sa u , ch n h tr xi hi ch n g h a ,

193
cliiuli tri to-ri-kil, V . V... khm* tlie ln ln ; v \;m
Uli CUI1 c v a n h v [)Ih)U|4 k i u , VII Iiliv tir s u ,
vn ngh xa li ch ngha, vn Mhv t-rl-kt, v.v...
kliii* th xa nliii. () xa ii tu* han ch nilia, thi (t
cuiai ea|) tir sau luim (uvci tlii4 tr (li vi vu Itli
l mi mi th kiuv1
V 1khch viiti wA'
> m i bi,7 mt kic*
lli dn p Ym M cch mii. 11*II nay <v inicii l>ac
mrc la, lli ca eluu* !a nhil (lnh phi l mt mii
klmyii khch, bi (limIIL van Hhv cch mii, nl
khc n ) van ngb phn celi nin.^ ; Iiliat (lnh
phai l kiu (UV1 len ltiih cuc ccli 1IKIII4 v<|1 iti,
Iroii Iiliat nh pliai (lnli bt Viiii HU |>lu>n<4 kien,
vn Iigl* l sau v van ni*l* ( quc, (te (tem li
lliii
o loi
hon lon cho VIIIlUl* *' x ii ch imla.
n
Chnh v cliU li Iiiivn t;c* im hau v qu lut
ph hiu li ca ch lUlia Mc L-n.in m Nuvix-
lnrii - Dang a (lm ni raii linViii loi van iUl cua
Trung M )au<4 lt sai ; Phan-Khi a (lm ni raui
chnh tri kliiu* hieu van ul* ; Trmm-Tir a dm
ni rii Dang ta khi iliu ihiVe (li liih tliu
ca L-niii v qiiau lu; gin cliiuli 1r va vn lh.
Chinh tr kliug phi maimai Liani Iroiu t thi
van iiglt Iiliu* ooxi-iien liaIII roiij4 kliii Ivlii. Cliiuli
tr l mi sau pham ca \il hi c <>ini cap v u tranh
giai cp. Khi loi ngiri chim phn lia llul giai cp
v cha (lin ra cuc au tranh giai c|> liu dura c
chnh Iri, song ngl* llul vu da c. Sau ny, mt khi
ton th loi 11< 4i (Ui (li (lu ch ch ngha c11< 4 sn
(lum* llnrc lin day (l Irii mi lnh vc, v hin Uri
u tranh giai cp hon ton biu ml Irn mt tri
t ca chng la, th l (t chnh Ir s l tiu vi
chnh aiii, cliiuli quvu, song van H*' vn cn c
v se ngy cng plion vinh vi s phi Irin huy hong
t?t c li hoa ra mi con Iigiri.

194
 Tnm< Xii hi ro (lut iiiil *iai cp, mi Iiiimi, (lo
(lia v kinh le cn Liai c|) minh, (lo auli iunVii tu*
11rcViL*4 ca cac <iai C|) khc, v do s tc (ti ca
nlini s kin xa hi, (lon lluim tt cuc (lti lran.li ^iai
cap vi m th i ( l c h n h tr n l l ( liu li, U v i 11i V 11 I r i i

m i h n h tbiii 4
V
. ll v. D Iih i n l I m i vim n*I(\
n Uk
(l (l (/ni>
n hicu lin
ro. rinh CKI chinh l ti tro11o viin
M>lu; li (lo <l m ra, ni c llie l (lo nhn sinh quan
ca Miiri
<* van Iih
o a m ni, (t Uiroi
o viin ni>l
<* Ur ixr

hav kli<mt> t Lic lm cliiii.il Iri Ironi; viiu I.ul\ DinVi
rli lliUip 1ri, ra 1)011
. hc ll,
1 lio n
1i<I ciiiii1 i* ihfni*n
11 1 0 1 1 * 4 t Urii; Iri iiLum* niiau, ch VMI l mi h
hou Ur lu<Vn<f phc vu quyen li rn 1 *I 11 4 v mt h
li iu lu* l i n V i i rh n .* l i ( iiy c u l i ca r h m u . D o ( l

I r o iL v iin iih c e in c llu V VIIL I i l u 1 p h c v ( | t i \ ( 3i i

!i ca cluii; v th vn n^lu; cltm li qiivcn li

nin dm.**. Trn Ii.li.rmu bircrc m i ei ho i, xa hi
duiven bin. phc lp thi iu* lliou ir lung vin i (liii
bin |)luVc l.|) v van Iiilir cuii (lii bin phc l).
Nhn climi) li ra qu trinh plil Iricn ctii \i ii qua
cc* c h * ( 111t r i l)<H l l I i^ i, k li n i hao L>o' c m i

nen n lln iim

v i 11. \ v j) '
I ili i.

L-Iiiu ni r ran : T ron g mi nn vn ha

dn tc u c, mc d chira ir-e pht trin,
nhng nguyn t ca nn vn ha dn ch v x
hi ch ngha, b*i v trong mi dn tc du c
qun chng iao ng v b bc lt m iu kin
sinh hot tt nhin ra h thng t tircrng dn
ch v x hi ch ngha. Nhirng trong mi dn
tc cng u c nn vn ha tu* sn, khng phi
ch l nhng nguYn t , m chnh l nn vn
ha thng tri . Cum ta lm c.eli mii^ lliii 'lam
l i p <UII t m i ; k k l i u c l i U Irtm* c h i u 11:1111 (tia
v hiu ivay duiycu sang cch 111.1111* \i hi c-Ihi n^hii,
min BU', l c Ii phng Hui lao dii;, dii

195
thoi cng i:'ii |>liiLu nhtti UU t c a 11.011 van
n g h div c h v \ h i c h n g h a , (la v o (( n l n g
n g u y n l y , pht h u y il m n n g u y n l y , m
xy tln 11CU van Iil Xil Il()i i-l Hlria cua clui*
ta. l ) e h o n tl u ih U i n g l i c i i g c u c \ v (i l a
l a o , c lu ii l a CI p h i (lu I r a n h tu d i , s a u p i i n g
nn van ivgli thi tr cu va ploni* kin va lir san,
li v a llu rc (lu. K h i ii |)liai elinl <|Uven c a l m
ihoi* tr c bi n h o th n e n v n n ' I h n g Ir
c u a li u l a n lay. Ciii k i n g p h a i c o S(V b n (iri
hi x a b iii lt c a k i e u tr c bii Ir n u lp l c
h i u m a i . I l n u a , (V VA i c clniu> la l ii ii n a y ,
n h n g eo s k i n h le c a n e n v a n Iil1 l s a u v u t n
t i , t u l c h c a v a n iu>h )li0U4 k i m , t l u r c u c u n g
c n k h n g t. M l k l i c , p l c c a v n Mh p h a n ( l n g
trci th ii C11 c n l i i e u c o n t h r a g l c dn<j[ v o b
p h n n v lia v b p h n k itc t n m g iii v a n Mh c l u i
ta. T r o n g ihi k i n d , c h n g la k h n g the 111I p h t
n o i l v i c liu cinVii iiip (to* nlnni* iinVi van
u g h ch ii la t r a u (li Iilii s i n l i q t i a n v s a u v uii
c a o g i c n g x a h i c h n g h a ; m t k h c , k h ii t h e
m t p h it n o lo l v i c ni c a o t n h c h i n (la u v
t in h t h u c n h lic, k i u q u y t x a u n h n g b i u
h i n c a v n iigli lu s a n , (iit s c h uhng tu ch
c a v n Uli p h o n g kiMi v ll r e (lu, (to n g t l i n h
t a n n h n g p l c c u a VIL Iil* p h n d i q u c l.
N h u n g k c a m (lu N hti v a n G i a i p l i m a r a
n h n g l u n i u u l u r IrII, c h l m i v i t h m trTi
c h o v n Iil p h n (tii tr t r n v o l i u v n i i h x a
h i c h ii g h a c a c h n g la e p h h o i v n u g l i x
hi ch ngha, |>h hoi s I|ii|) xy iii ch nglia
x h i n i e h i m g m th i.
C o n I i i r i vin ngh v con ii chinh tr (lu
p h i g p n h a u Iilur n.hfni ciii 111 p n h a u
tr n (l(Vi. V -lr iu -P lu m * * , Iig i m n i m A7 w/f

196
xt Giai pum lun lun Ci\ ngi hi li, s* (l bt
gp nhh< pliiu l to-rl-kil Iroii Iilni IIii-Tluyn
Irtrc ay, (lu phai in (lo l lliit l lni van Mih
cao ca l)l np 0 cliiih tr ccl niiin|. Chinh ci
quyl nh s <4|) (l l llic chnli tri (lo 1)011
to-rl-kit a lim vo cho V-tron-Pluiiu
* o ' o v bieu hi n
#
r nuu tront cun sch D am h(j r m Vu-rng-
P h i g a vi*i v Mil b n i Si-<n CIU n h Iroii
111I s hi bo ca ViVlrii-Pliim*. V my nam qua,
s ) nhau <*ia nliiTiii* k cm au N li nan Giai
plum )), c lm vn nh hay kliu lm vn ngh, c
l u h a v kliu * c ln trn X l d vii G i a i h ,
au phi l <o \ tln van lul maii* s?m chnh tri
tinh cch lni xui IIM him duyn thin l nang
Itmng I1.JJ .

IV. LY THAM IIOA DUA N CUNG

_
CH NGHA HIN TIIC X 10 1 CH NGHA
Tron khi UII4 ri\ iiluTn (tm kli l xa nha
ranh gii l 111*0*11*4 v nmh ii chnh tr, nhm Nhn
vn G iai plm ro rit (li t (lo sng lc, l i
(ln< khau hiu Iran hoa (lua xuvn tc theo
quan iem ca h. Tnnvni-Tn (li I)i< r m chnh
sch (i (ram UH (lua n<K r ll (tua i (Giai hm
ma thu tp 1). Trn ho Nli nan so 2 , Tru-Duy
quyt phn <lu cho Irai hoa <h( n . Ha n s
r, ho Nln IHI tnm<4 trn phoi tran quan nieni Xu
xa ca h v? ( Iram hoa (lua n , c llte la [ro\\ bi
Khiq c Uj ( t kl ln llnl h am hoa (tua
, ca H.I l ny c nhm<4ca 11 nlitr sau : Lanh
do ph ai cii nhn , phi l ch hp >i bn clt irtn
hoa ria vn HV ... P h a i c n h iP u k h u q n l h n q ,
Inrnq phi khc nhii .... s linh (to phi l thin
(irnq ca tri hc ra vun IOC nqhr lii... i

197
nai/, s l a n h o khU i r c n h ll ... Nen r m
hoa lm ch, i llirn n sr c lh c (lc, c li
c tl<rm9 bao (ji chang VII Nlnniq n se mu thun l
vi nhau, b SUU/, un n n , hay ivu h nhau... *.
Nhn vo ci ni (lung \\ ht c Iiiri no troii
hng U cliiii In c u c linh to, c l tr bnh
tlurii, u Ihav r rang Nhn vn Giai pum i
nan hoa ua t l (li t (lo tuyt (ti cho c ci
iliom va ci ili, ci lnh v ci c. Ly biu hin
nin ni th s (ti li nh th cung l rt xu xa.
Song i vo llc clil ca s i hi 111 Hi, Ih
cn can Ihy tlem YM : trong lc, trn tlc t, ci
thom, ci lnh vn irv nng niu, yu qu, klniyn
khch pht Irin m li cay c phan du (ti Irm
hoa (ii n hco kicu y, l <lun<4 ca l c > khc
l ch (ti (lo tuyt di cho ring ci tli, ci <1c
i vi nhn (hui tn ? Va li, klii pliai 11 ch (tira
ra s (ti hi m thi. Nlunu ke cam au Nhn vn
Giai pham chnh l (a l 111 ilt s (( trm hoa (tua
n' theo kiu ?v, ht chp nhihn nguyn tc ca ch
chng h. H ra Giai phm, ra Nln vn, thni
ci qui hai )(t mi. H xut bn ba hai, ti bn
nHriig ll sch khii" h*) vi tinh thu liu <41110 (luc
c i\ *luiu> it\ troi lc Hy, tnyn truyn lm cho Vu -
Iriig-Phui, Iheo <hm<4 rin ca b, ng thi )h*l
h nhng nh van MhC; xut sc khc ca chiii la.
Khn ke mt vi bc ranl, mau chuyu (tim ra chiu
l e che ninl Ih iim, hu hv ilig bi sng tc v;n
Mh Vi phe hnli vn hc, ngh thut i vo Nhn
vn (i(ti pht (lu lm cho nhn dn ta thm kin
quvl phan i ci han cht trm hoa ca Nhn
V(in V /i/m )>. Dc hit la nhiu hi ca Phan-
Kli, Tn 5n-i)u\\ Trii-Dn, L~)t, Homg-Cni, Phmg-
QuAn, v.v... Il cl l nbiTii c (lai, ihrn nm c.

198
 B cho nhii tlr (! mc bm ln mt cch t phi
theo mun ca Nln van (iai pluh th lnh
(to c h n g c n l lan.il o , v x a h i Iihl ( ln h s b i n
Ihauh mt ci hirt (tirnq VCU ca vn hoe nqh
thut phan (ti (!).
ng ch Mao Traeh-n (l ch r rang rm
hoa (lua n l mt phuoi chm lm cho nhng
hnh th c v phong c ch ngh thut k h c nhau
c th t do p h t t r i n . Hon cnh x hi Truug-
(iic khi e ra )lurrm< chm (l l ng v m t
ch s* hu m ni, th vi c ci to x hi
ch n g h a cn bn hon thnh, cuc u tra n h
g iai c p c a qun ch ng v i qu m ln nh
v bo trong th*i k c c h m ng cn bn kt
the . T 'ron khi mt mt tii hnh phng chm
trm hoa ua n* , diif ihtVi mt khc, i v*i
nhng phn t r r n g l phn c ch m ng,
nhng phn t ph hoi s nghip x hi ch
ngha, th cng vic d gii quyt, ch cn tcrc
quyn t do n gn lu n c a ch n g l xong . (Ve
vn gii (Ui (t( (ln nhnq mu Uuun Ironq
ni h nhn dn).
Hon canl xi hi (*1hi iu In iiin Iiay (v Iihl ln
hi nm InnVc <1 y), cu the l hon c 11.1 nn kinh t
cn hao m nhiu Ihnli phn kliiic nliau, va vn (t
(( ai ili ni gia knh l: X li clii ngha v kiuli
I lu* bn ch hn mi l)l au t r a ; hon oanh s
gio dc lu* tirono xa hi ch ihux cho nhan (lan ta
chn (tum* lin lnh mi eel c h thu< Uiy o
mc co han, nhng tir iirmg xu xa ca giai cp
Ur sn v l)H tlii tr cu cn tc dng nhiu trong x
hi v cung lac (tng c vo h phn n\\ b phn
khc Iroi* hng ngu chtmg ta ; lou cnl ctt nc
cn lam UicVi l) chia lm hai min, chng ta phi lun

199
l u n n a n g c a o c a n h g i c d i V! n h n g h o t (tii c a
CUC M VI tiiy sai, v.v..., hon canh x hi nlir
vy khni elio |)l|) rhi* ta khln nh rang lnli
cht nn van ih chi ta Ciu ban t l Ihuim nhai
d d r a m t phiroriig c h u m n h p l u r o n g c h m t r m
hoa ua n . Nhm (( Nhn van Giai ptim hng
Iigv <t kch liri khc l i x o iu ch ngha, li sao
trong van e Iiiy, l lai co (lay mt so ngiri troii* hng
ng chnu l (ti li cl mc phi cl niha gio (liu?
Tht ra, (lng tlc hiu ((trm hoa ua t cua
<t Nhn vn G iai phm i iui khng phai ch l (l
c h o (( n l n q h n h l l c v p h o n q c c h n q h t h u t k h c
nhau c the phi irih , m chinh l cho nhiu
khuynh hnq, tnrnq phi khc nhau tha h l pht.
Ni r vu la (lo cho nlnTi kliiih hirU, Inrnq
phi van iiI oi bi dirv nhay nht luii imi. Vil
nu; oi hai c n h i u khuynh hiu , Iriri phi )>
l m kin m a : c h nilii n l n g , c h n g h a t n g t r n g ,
c h n<ia v lii, c h iihn l p t h , c h n g h a s i u h n
t h c , c l u n g h a li. t h c m i , c l i u n g h a t n t i , c h
n g h a t n h i n , c h u n gh a h n h th c, ch n g h a b iu
h in , ch n g h a <a (ta, c n g n a ? .. . n g ta , c h n l i
q u y n ta , v n h a n (lan la a c h o h t h r a ht m i
Iin s' I n r m i ci h a u ! H a s?m s n g p h d i n
c a n l i n g c i c h u n g h a (t, c h i t r c c h n g h a
h i n t h c Xi li i (*li n g h a , p h n g p h p s n g c v a n
n g h lt nlit c a c h n g ta th h p h n i m t c c h
r t h n h c v a l n . I l n g y h i n r i c h n g h a
hin thc x a hi chu lg l a ra ch n gh a ci
thrc ; ci ngha hin thc x hi ch ngha lm cho
n g i ta c h b i t <ul|) k h u n * m t c c h n g h o I i n ,
kh khan theo I6i t hng s tht . H ro rit hi
(le n v a n nl L i n - x , mt n n v n n g h m* n g
cho vn ngh loi ngi <ti ti ngy mai huy hong.

200
 T r n - T r u ]|) lu ii r a n 4 q u y lut CUI v n n g h
l ph lirt s lll o (ivt. Do (iiy iiat ca thn
vn Ic n l n r lh<\ n^mYi v a n nil, I h e o i i n g h
i u * c a o r a c a m n h ,' t h e o c i i (lo n i i c a m n h ,*
Ivl n lin YH) s ll l ivxx tliy diii4 s t l i t ; c h o n n
n u iHinVi vin U\' ( l i r r n i s I h l t o n d i u l e n n g
v i s nli111 lliy c niil ll (i(Mi (t lr c k h c c l i
cho chnh (ri liM h, cho liai c*r|) ccl mng. Ikri vy
nn iKhr r iU' (Iti soi si dvnq lrnq cho chnh
t r q u a n chtt >, H4iri Vn Mh c h i u l n r a n g o i i
c i n h SH riht c h i n h b n t h n m n h >>, v (( y u c u
r a l i b i- s r -n ic h (li n i l m li o r h o n to n t h n g
lut V ri lutt vi CI cu bn li ca s sng
l c h u ( V a n I iq h c v c h n h I r i G i a i p m
ma Im i) III, ('ti (li h u i m a <ln<). v n ci lun
ii VII Iiilir 4*l* lm van nils chinh 1r cch mng
c l m c h n h ri r c h kle (ti k h c <l*u c h g p

n Iilui. C h a n , I)I<* III11 (liu

t m i (lv+ c u a T n r n to -
Tu, (la ( ho \'A\\ vin nt>|* khu<f pliu ni s tht ton
(lin v k1I 1 phi hi\\ s Ul , plan nh s tht
ton (liu v |)||( liii s Uil l ci vic ca khoa
hc. Vn. (le khi plai (V ch . Kltoa hc v vn
nu), nhn VIO lon h khoa bc v toan h vn iigh,
(lu l |>1aII \\\h s lll lonn i1
1 ca cuc sng c,
nui <
if phim iin.il Ihro quan <tiom ch !i<ha Mc
L-nin, Imc bio <40111 ca lilt plil ItiiM . Ch khc
Iilimi can him itTi khan hc Vt I!*lu
n 1 ; lhual l khoa hc
*

Ih iM vni iliVc liin l (li t(Vi nhng iuyii lc,

( ln h l , ([UV 111I, v . v . . . CI1 h v t li u l tl (lii h n h
lii m Ihu, 10n<
4 h|) nhiu nhn thc l)ng cm
tnh v lnh XV (i bm chl cn s tht toan din
di i<Yi iiIhTi^ nci (liPn hnh.
Vn l V ch : ci i quyt nl clio ngi vn
tigli Iilii (ln<4 s lli ? C i \ n h a n siivl q u a n , t h

201
g i i q u a n v |)liu'<m< p h p sm* t c c a Iig irm v a n U{l\
m t r i r v l i u l n h n s i n h q u a n , the gi i q u a n . N liai
s in li q u a n , ll *ii q u a n IIIU* chuii ta a th a y troriL
nhii* (lon. Iru l (lo iu kin CUI i>an sinh hot
\l h i c a II141 ri v a u nilu; m ra. c nlun s i n h (uau
v l l gi i q u a n p h h p v i <[UV l u l p h t t r i u c a
CII* s n ll m i n h n (iir v (tng h a n c h t s tlt c a
m c s n g . T roii* m t x a lii (lii x v <ug c u c s n g
H (V i ( lo it x i O i i p ( V ) H 4 m l i i v la n h ( l o , nhai c liu li p h i c

I ilin s in h <1IIIII v t h * t ^ i i quan t a ii cp v sn,

v p h n g p h p sii l c lii n llu iT xfi h i cli lUlia,

th m i u h i i i r r clui v (lin li c (l n g h a n c h a i
s tlt ca x hi iv. Ihmi mi ch (l li i'\ii nn
l)inli l l v l i n m i nen laii x v tlii c u c sn<4 m i
\\ l ^ini' li c (liy x a h i 1MI l n , Ii.hl n h ngiri
Viln plii lim n l na IV p h iro i c h m YH Uh |)11IC
v CI1 n n <4 h i n li, pbi c a m t h n g SU s c vi nhhi*
n i v u i 1)11011, yiMi ll, nhTiij (iicu s u y lh, c m o n g
ca cn t nni binh thi mi nhn lly dtrc sc si
d a ii v m m le n Ih t l u i me (a xa h i, v m i d i u

li c t m 1I\ l i n h ca 111 c a c o n nirvi liu b i u

t h i i c h m * li liri nlnu; III i n h n h Uil l ,
tlit s c . Hoi v y , k h i <1(3 ra vn e n i s tlit Iroii
xa hi I n I i l t r t h IIIO , c i li n ( l k li ii phi l c phn

nh ml IIIV mt khc liy klint, pbiii plian nh nlir

ti: n o VI pliii. di Um n h n 1nli (V c h Ii.no, m l
a Xc (linh nhu sin l <|UMII, he i*i ([Iian v san
chua, i tham Iihiin tiul thm ciin )luron4 php hin
l l u r e x a hi 0 1 c liira . S m i ,y m i n n h n g
* c h u I* n
VII de k Ihul, plion<4 t*cl, mu sc, c tnh, V. V...
N h m 4 vn <te lv <lcu rnl (fiian Irii, Cu ITII ln
cng nluii nhn lliT mi cch Itrug i sau trong
khi iihiOu eu l lun van lh. Song 11U xao lng
v n e n h m s i n h quni v l* g i i q u a n , n u 1)0 r o i
phinrng php hin ibc x l cli !<ha (le (ti tim

202
phong cch v pht huy t tnh mt cch vu v, th
kliug Iilitmg kl011*4 iai quyl c cc vn phong
cch VI i'\ liil nin CI1 c ile i li mt kt qu rt
lii li l;i lim lAu n h u n g c i I o i s a a , n h n g i u
tm hn
>(ln mt, v nhng mnh khe biu tng
lp l' l>ii> gi ca nhm ((Nhti vn Giai phm
vi uhiYi |>hon<4 cch, Iihfm<4 mu sc c tinh lnh
iiinh IU*I1 Vn niU chn. chinh ca chng ta.
S li <lf rhi i rng em iilrng ci t do
ni lm lri n^irr vi quy lnt phi trin ca cuc
sng ca elnu ta m nhn cuc sng ca chng ta
th ch c liu* uliiu Ihy mu tran< 4thnh mu en, mu
hoiu i tlnh niiu xm xt. Ngny i vi nling dng
cm\ cu vii Iroi Vn kin (a Mc ng-ghen
L-nin, iiix irn mv m 41 li liii th k v na
ll kv nn\\ Ihr m Cii ni am > ca lhni Nhn
n a n (H a i lim c n lini c h o li n h n v o u
thy sai l An Hri, ui I\* li cni tlin sai. Hung
(tn InnVc nu)(* sng hao la v mi me ca chng
la ! Oi ni li y cii In ci Utuii li u dt ))
ca nliTrn< 4 u* ImViiL phan (lng m thi.

V. _ DANG TN H CA VN N G H V s
LNH DO CA l)N<; TA )(H VI VN NGH
T ch lp lun ram* : do quy IIil ca (i l ihn
Vii i , Vin IU*l* l klac* c nhau si IIl quan tt,
l UriVug c a lUiri VI iHlu) tir klic h p n i MUn
HU ra qiai cp rcl iuti , s ilit m ngi vu
ngl* plian nh t* khc c lc (lUU soi SU (tng
hvtu c h o c h i n h t r , n h n g k e c im (tu (i N l n v n
G i a i p h i m l l h i n < tra l i c h p li n li n n g t n h ,
ca vm W\\v, v ph nhn s lnh (to ca ng ta
i vi Vii ngl. Dv l vn e then clit nht, i nt
Iii hi Iilml biMi hin t inVii phm i ca ((Nhn

203
vn Giai phm . Trn mi lanh vc, niiii l qua
trT ciVa a i n y li c l Iila XI li c th e (lng
li k o ngircVi In (li v o c i (la n g c c a 11. C h o nn
h a o II eR i c h a lt cii m i tl r vfi k h c a n v o
. Nhug ko cam au N hn lm Giai phm a
m o i c m c ra n t n h i u v n Hi, ni V? v c c l (liu
l dc c c VII co )au<4 la mt cch Ire tip hoc
g i n li? p, Irit t r n h o c b n g i. B i e n c h (l,
b mun xa sch iiliiu hnh lch ca Iihan (lan la,
t h o i p h o n g I1 v b i a t ra Iil m t k l u i y l i e m v s a i
lm, ri kv 1iin l tai (trnq li ca Tvunq nq
tnq sai , l;i! s lnh (lo ra Trunq mrnq )n< kvt
ci )>, tai )i\i tien liili Dim Ir )>, V. V...
V l lni, I c <hni lUinVi la n c h lii u lim
riH Dan4 tn Hm Yr s liliih (lto van Iil (v
c mi lnh clnivu mn) \ sai, vic nu ln vn (l
rn l u u Vi Iins* CO cliiH ln h oin van ugh nh
chng U\ VAir llunVii e rn l Iri vi quy lut plAI
Iri n c a l l l n v a n H T n n m g - T u v i t : D q
tnh CU san dn nhip ni U thut v hon lon p h
hp >i nliK (U ll khch quan ca S lc von
nqhr . Nhir vy tli i vi Vn ngli, Uii phai lm
\ ? Va thuyt Iv, vm lm (hin trnnh lnh, N han

vn iai pln dim V) kliii* lm*l hao nliiu vu

s c h : MI (liiH r m / ,V*/I r// c h i n h p h i l o (I (l
(tiu kin cho n qh s l v nhim v p h t hin s
th ()i su sc r a CIC S I H .. . /ilt ao // l U ( t i

khU Uti ran vn U s p h t hin s tht mt cch

hon lon (lo (rrnnyif{-Tni); ((S lanh o vn xqhe
phi t<n theo bn cht ca n m lanh o n (II.L.);
D irnq li Idnl ao Vii i c n T r u n q ttiq D n q
hep hi )), r n p h i (t s a b i n g l i
<I<) b

(Nguv?u-1uTu-Bau) ; Phai ni en ch n h qu y n v
f)(i( l v t h c tr vic i do snq tc , nqhin c u rtm
hoa ua n 1 K klnq c m i s n n q thch n q ,

204
c il I> plvnK loi, (I m, />/m/ /// ctt
c h i n h (itn v cii c c c o * //IU/I I)(Ut( i h i se <() a l u c u
kh khan m bn ht v a n i s khU k h c p h c
dc (Tran-Duy).
S a u khi t ieu k i n Iilur l u :, h ln liMi : N u
lnh (to kliiig to (liou kiMi y cho Vin ngli M
CUK l o c h o l (liru k i r n I ( T r m n i i - T i r i i ) ; v :
Ln l (to sau khi da lm Xii CH nic ( ri llii
n (lriK l i (ti ( T n i u - l ) i i v ) ; m o i c i u l r rt/
v i c l n h ito Hi UU* c h o Vi Hn' s :> ( Y u o i i - T u ) .
K e r a c i l I h n mtu Ul r i . i i v a n
('r( p l u m efm<4 li l In (|Li than. k , o a i v v . . . q u
c o h i c11li luliii : iu* lliiv ( r n <oi c i c v e 161
p th n iteii c h i a it m i Ciii Li ni l p h li*|) v i
c i \i\ (lo n maii* s a n t r o 11* m i n h n n l u r hiiU
khi iKtU s c-xi-/icn ! Hoi n li IkU iut c 1111UIi|4
ci tt (t|) Iru (li phai roi n l Iigiri nliriH (t())),
[)hi l u i h e o hi c h a i c a I In c i m g Ci) c h o
n m i l l l i e u ( a v d m " , lai <lc m c n l m ci-li
t

dim cuc* sini MIIU* MIM lm lu hau ch

Nlinii, liri nh simicim ch Ii^lia Mc L-uiu,
nhng lv tlnivcl ca N hn Vitn - (tiiii p h m liu bi
tiu tan nliU iihng manh nc (t hn cnh mi kli
la hii rng rc.
Diii* l i iLi Iroai vaii I i ^ * im*u h iru 11 c d |>luU
trien thc xa hi cn 1*011 Iiiiri van I|4lit> dini trn
mi lp IrmVng liai cap Iilt (linh Iroii CIIC cau Irauh
g i a i Ci). T r o n j x a Ui (ii ra a u t r a n h g i a i c a p ii
J{iui Cci) v sn v ^iai cp t sau, eou Mgtri vn Hh
khug the khng ii vo Iru tuy-ii nv bay iru
tuyCu k ia , trii m t v i tri no . '1'rn c H g i a i C),
con ugivi van uilc IIMI kliii m*m<4 <lang tiuh v su
th i inaii <!an tn li ! Sim, k h ii he kliiit niiHig
(taii4 tnli \ ca. l)o (l, viu ngli cuii khug tu khng
m a u " ti> l i n h li c . N i vi} v it (t IIY, h o m * h o n
c n h x h i t s u , L - I i i u lia v c h 1*0 : u ir klin i r
(nq tinh tvotq Xii hi U' sn ch l nit s la bp,
mt s hin h h i (!( r // chi' tht/ lin h r l i i l p lii lt r
IHO (tiK ca lIit v (i m> l phit, (l a nhK
k IhiK //7 , (lH ca lli H Ui' bc l >*. l \i hi
chim hu n l n x hi i 11* bm chu u<jlua, loi
Iig i t i n l n tlieo iiliiH* ci il v*II 1DK (uiii l a
c u c v n (lii x a h i. ( i i a i i ) l i n h r a co n HinVi
c u n l (lo n h n i ci ial v e n IIII <un<4 (l 111 ra. rju >
l i u v n e <4ai p h iu ; r o i i iiLiri Iri l)m> n h i n (li
vn khm* c klia Ii; 11*4 <
4iai quvl. N^IV cii nhu (V
cc airc c ch lUin Ur hau (lin lin, lurni vn
u tranh clii4 1)011. cli hc i, nhini (t l <lo s tle
(ty m C|unj4 ca ci (li, ci r ci Ii^ho kh, V.V....
m lp hp nhau li (lu tranh Iroii tiu lc, rlur
khng phi (ta c lluYc J<> V 111*4 v li irli chuiij ca
n h i m g Ii*i v s a n , v? <1IKII1 lV LiTra v s u v lu*
sn, v s eau tltii lo chc nlimi li 111I i*k*li ihii
XUYI1 v Iihi l V3 s can Ihirl liii liiuli lu Irauli
chinh tr, lm rch mng v sn. lVi vv, phong tro
i pht i l lll hi ny tlen llil bi khc. c . Mi*
v F . ii-hcn d k?l h*|) l ImVii \i li c h lLha
ca hng hao th? h Irirv kia vi phoi" Iro thc
tin ca iai cp c n Iiliu v can c Yio s Lilticn.
cu quy lut pht Irin ci! \i hi m sn. l|) ra ch
ngha x lii khoa Ii\ xy ilim<4 lu*11 Inu ca ccl
mn< v s n v ili iili l p (la n g c n g s a n a u tin. T
g ia i e|) l i n h v s a u m i InV n u t iiu' vi b i u
hin cao nliat ca M l dii linh C11 4 san ch Ulia.
B l mt b c iiO v ci i u l a o Iroii l c h s t
|)h trieu ca loi a|4 iroi ve iV llic X hi CII
nh s tm thy ngn la au tin iv o i x lii Ii^uvii
t h y , v e m t (li sii|4 v t rll c a lo i iiiinVi. T <16
s Uliip Liai J)ling con HinV mi iai quyet irc

206
van |)luroii<4 hiriii* r rng. Ploug tro cch mng
v sn do cc ng eiu sau v cng nhn lanh o
ginh c thng li (lau tin Nga nam 1917 v
(ii nay a jiuil (lum* llii li trn mi phn t th
gii. Nliiu cng nhu, nng (liu, liav Iiirm lao <ng
tri c thai iix phoii* tro lch mii v sau v cng
cuc xy ln c11 Ihi \ hi, IL1v ci thay rd
iu kiu (lau tiu (le iiii |)li<m<4 1*011 lUiri ci muli
l s c l) ci mnh \\ s lin lir<Vii4 (V Da11< 4 lanh
do, Hiri liu cao niH uc cun ch Iilia Mc
L e - u i u . N iir i Vii iih l m t c o n liiri x a h i
(l nliin cfiii|4 khii Ih (li mnh ra ngoi pliam vi
ci tl yu lieli s aV (lir<n\ Niri van xc (lo c
dim SUI/ nql binq hnh t'i<jy l ( c (lieii Ivin
pht huy sc Uriig tirii c nhn mnlt m, Iihinig
eii (l ni h, khiLg iu. Diu kiu cu Iihl m
bo cho igiri vn Iiilu; troiU s nghip xv (lng VII
ngh x hi ch Ii^la khi nga tre s tm en<4
ca lihhig lir lui!> ])hi v snii i bn. I) rn luyii,
xc nh v nng cao (U1 <lmi ni liuli v sn. B
i mt qu trnh |>ln au gian klt, m lqii trnh
(lng cm t cai to t*<m ugiri phi v sau ca mi
ngiri vn ngh chii In, clmVi s* lun.il ao ca Baag
ta. Ghui la kltu* phi e ra l c (liul* linh v sn.
Cug klm phai ch Uhe mi vi hi iiiig, (l mi
vi bui hp, c mi vi Iraii sch ca cli ngha
Mc L-uiii m a c iuii nl) v san. Cmi kh 11
phi c lm vn ugh, phi.ui* s lv lmf nqh thut
Ihui U Ih l khc nluni ci c lnh )), ilii
tinh )), Iigh thut lnh cn chng la h*|> vi ng
tinh v sau. Ci l thn vn (li(' ca tilii ngi
nh Trinm g-Tiru, NgtiYn-hu-Dan, Plum-Khi, v.v...
ch mm (t th (lang l 1111 nh ban., av ti e Ii
thi, lm th no m ph h*|> vi ii{4 lnh cao ca
ca chng lii (Urc.

207
 S lt yeu khch quan cut ii tiii.il trong vau
ngh t ra vn ( s lault (lo ca (li ticn phong
cch mii i vi vII ngh cch Ina 111*. Chii la (ta
Ihv r Hi Uiut l 1II tnli llii r a Hnv xa h i,
l mt nguyn to ca vaII ha loi (liri. S iu>!m*|)
cch ning do Dang la lnh (lo l hao <40111 lom h
cuc song vl clit v i iii.lt tliiu, imo {40111 i r a r r
lnh vc kiuli l\ cliuli Iri, vin lia. L11I1 (lo caeh
mng, iM la iuh Vic ml s m,mj4 Ihiui liiii di
vi ton h xa hi, di vi lrli s* Iimu (li. Lin
g c phn no m i)i)> d u |)Uni r c t ii n i r c l i h
o )) cho ai, lm c ch UIO m s lanh (to ca
Bang phai m<* li , mt khi stV inti rii cc (lng
cug sn. v C1U uiii clura hun tliuli rc r vi
thng l i hon lon ca chu Iinlia l iii sau h iL klp
th gii? L-nin (l ch ro : Str I4lii|) van hc phai
ihili mt b pluui Iroii ton l) s Iitliii ca iiai
c) v sn, phai thnh lil ri bnh xe ni v mt
ci inh c lrouj4 h my Xi li <lu cli rl n^hii
v (ti, thii nit, (lo (li tieu plnm^ hon OHI ic
n g c a t o n h iit ea|> c ii I ili u m o m V . S* I ig h i p
vn hc phai Ihiili mi b pliii kliiiu^ kli.il ca cng
ic Bng xa hi (li ch thiiL Iilial c k hoch, c
t e h e . C nhiu i v i c c l u l i v c khc Iiliiu t r o n g
cuc sng, i vi cc hnh thi kltc ulmu ca V llic
x hi, i vi cc luiiycn i khi* tiliau vi ncu van
ha, vic thc hin s- liili o kliii lUe il|> khuiL
nh Iiluui. Chii u cu ch en c ctieni sinli lioal
v cng tc ca ngui lao (tiu tri c Hi climig, v
ch n c tnm i viu iih 11i rici. Soi b c
rii trc (lc (liem ca )l c b phn no iroi
cuc sii, chii la nll uli ttu pltai iian vii ci
nguyn tc m giai cp tur sn v phi dn
ch ca giai cp tir sn cho l l lng, k q u i:

208
s nghip vn hc nht nh phi l mt b
phn cng tc ca ng x hi dn ch gn lin
cht ch y& cc b phn khc (L-niii).
S lan.il o ra i i vi vn. ivgii, cng nh
i vi ta c mib phn, l hao i)m ca cc mt :
t Urn, chnh tr, t chc. Coi nh liih o tir tii
v liih ao ehiiliIri th khiii the bi dir
w o nhn
sin.il (iim v sim v mii{4 cao lc ii) xi hi ch a^liii
cho liri vn klng the rn luvu v iui cao
ng tnli ca vn ilx clnm<f ta. Coi nlit; vic lanh
o bim t chc ll khng th thng nhai hnh X
ca h plii van. \vj}\ vi cc l) phn khc m \i\\
(lu vic lanh (to tir lirii, luh o cliul tr i vi
van. ULh cuii; khii thc hii c. NlnTii k cam
au nhm Nhn vn G iai p l ii )) c la (loi luiri
ta rii L-uiu khii he ch trirou Bng liili o vn.
nli hang t chc v khixi he ch tnr<mj 1^U d
vo phim Mih thut , pliun ch 11vII mn ca vn
lUh. (t ra xv (lag VII ngh x hi ch ngia
L-niu ( Iihn mnh : C h ng ta kh n g th n g
khoanh ta m cho s hn n pht trin no
no cng m c. C hng ta p h i l n h o qu t r n h
(qu trnh hnh thiih vn Ul* x hi ch ngha
Q.l).) mt cch hon ton c k hoch v to thnh
nhng thnh qu ca n .
Trn, hc chuven biea la hiu nay, lum 1)110 i
ht, cluui ta can tlii tha su sik li dv qu bu
ca L-ain.
Muu hch vu s d i ii li Dung la, Tnroiig-
Tti CII ni mi c d i va h va heh (licl v:
o
V ' n lHMih
c a v a n 1U1
n d# i l0*11 v* u m m
h d u M*...o
Vn Uihvn i s *\('\\ Dm*(1 nurni
cn YU sir thi h<m 1>an.<o4,
n (le cho Yiin ivA'
Mt s lnh (t:u) tt l (tn* o s v s
ll l m (lo i kliiiL*
I
vi o

201)
 Chng ta n thng vo mt nhng k cm ctu
Nhn van Giai phim rng: Nhii vn Uli s
tiu h v ccli niii thi vu ng ta v vu bu clit
s tht; iihiU phn t phn. dng Ivoiv vii Uhi; ciig
nh trii cc iiih vc khc Ih chong lai Biig ta v
chng li bn cht s th. Ngoi ra khug the c hng
ngi no tht th yn Biu li xuyii tc bn cht
s thai trong xa hi la, ci Iilnr khui the c hi
niri
o no (l tlil lli yu bn. cia s llit [vo o x
V

hi
ta lai di khii*
D vi Bang
n la. Xen vn Ii*17lu>
. c xi
mng (i hn. vn niu cc (tang C1H sim v cug
nhn trm th ii chinh l nii V11 nil4 (lo cc ui<
cng sa v cig nhu lan.il o nhii dn cc nc
cltuig ctc tinh hoa mun (ti qua v pht huv sc
sixg mi ca loi ngi m xy dng liu, ch kling
phai bt c th vn ugh no. Di lm sao imv vn
mng ll V1U1 ngh mc Iii ca ihhi ke cam u
Nhn li (/a/ phum ! Tri li, vn. liiii th vn
ngh v cng kt liu scVm bao Iihiu Ihi cng tol cho
x hi ta J)y Iiliiu.
My chc VUI lm trc v, con n<irri nguyn
thy Um ra iii la au tiea. T , n n, con
ngiri khii C11 v khng the Irr li u tanh nut
sng, hou lon ph 11111h cho gi lnh homig vu nh
trc. Trong cuc au tnuih x hi Iri qua hng bao
th k lu trong bng li, con Uiri tm ra agi (luc
a iriig l cli ngha Mc L-iin v ngi cm
uc l Bang cng sau. T d, con Iigiri, dn du,
b c l u c o n i r i i S11<4 s a v k h i i t h e Ir* l i b n g
toi ngy xim. lin t-rl-kil, a ra ch Iiliui t pht
i ti iiglia v chinh ph, t j)! hoi s mng ca
\
ngi cm uu* (K>, c ph hoai sir lauh (tao ca cc
ng c IU* sau v 1ug nhn, e !mg ko loi usiri
li li cu ui ch no? Chiii li s lanh o ca

210
ctug ta, nhmg k cni (lu N hn vn Giai plim
hng ko nhu u tu ii li n tu ch no? Khng.
NhIX dn ta uht nh kliug chu Ir v vi kip ngi
11 l...
QUANG-DM
(Kin (iiyt u Iranh
chng ch ngha xt li).
Nh xut bn S tht Hni, 1958

. . . Theo quan im ca c h ngha Mc L-Iiin

th troiu x hi c giai cp, vn ngh l v khi u
irUih ca mt giai cp nht uli. Vn ugh cch nui*
phi phc v giai cp cng nhu v nhn n. lao (lng.
Vn ngli cch mng phi do Bng ca giai Cp cug
nhu lnh o. Th nhng, c ml s ugi khii muu
tha nhn nh vy. Theo h th mi quan h gia vn
ngh v chinh tr l Vai nqh. hirng o chinh t r i
(Tririig-Tu) hoc <1 chinh tr v oai vn ngh , vn
ngh v ehin.il tr hp tc theo nguyn tc /i bn
cng c l i (Phau-Khi). Gau y Pluui-Khi li xng
ra m t iu n l c n i i tro n g (UUI h Vn ngh
Chinh tr theo kieu quan. h Phan-Khi Nam C h u i:
Ti klii\<* (lv ug lm vn chng cng nh n<
khiig dy ti lm llur bc . V th ba h i t
do liiti di trong s sug tc vn ih, t do khng
(i hn , t (lo 1> (tiu kin (Ntuvu-lru-Baag).
T do sag lc llieo h hiu th hoa lnh, hoa c,
h o a l l i , h o n i l i ( r m u c q u y u atV l i u i g U u i ( h o
Nhn ix t n ). I I (li cni v i c lnh o n tuh t r
l i c h o t i l iih u 1'IIH iKt s , (iiyen ( i a i k lt i ciip-t
m n r l i c h o IU/i CIH l c c h u c n m n (Ti uon<<-
Tu). ll ch Irong rng phn nyli thul l phn

211
ring cut van ngh, chnh tr khng bao bin c, n
i t r c t d o IroiU p h n (V ( P l i a n - K h i ) . H p h n h
Iiinh
viin Iiln
n > s, hiii Viin. iwliO
o s thiili mi
liii
. n
nir siu phm, nam Irii mi yiai ct) x hi, hii
ngiri c bn chi ri khc ilurtn , c kh U
tin b c b ir l , cti theo cch mug i vi li l m/
n h u cu c<>' y n h ban i q lm m r n ll i Ihc con
nqi ph n v cc con u)l ci , uvi i bnh
ihiv i ra ho ph u i l )? p h a chn, h i n u) m
(Nguvcii-lrii-Daug). Theo li thi (( nqh s ch c ihe
chiu loa ra Koi i r i n snq ct chnh hn hn
m inh (Tririi-Tru). I l tii vi ui s li thvli
mt thir trng li cn tlii (li. Van UK' s l hti
chnq nl v i hnh ( ca t(Ui( inrc ( n
lch s nqn (i (Trinri-TVu). No l <( vn U
s yu tiU n h n g ho u s li e h n o k y>. N o l
vn niU ca vn ujhr di lum vn mi ca DiH,
di hon vn intui ca che d )) (Tnnm -Tim ). I a
em s thc i lp vi l)nj, em van ni*1u; i lp
n lo (Inl Yii Mhi'
vi aiu. n * s ln Irn ;)aii.
n T lico ho
th v n k I c s c nlith I> .ra// ( n q D i riU s n ,
x diu (ai cp v sn (Triro'iu-Tu). De la phnh
bn c h trch du rt ulieii cu ca Mc, ca L-nin,
ca nhag nh l lui van n ih nirc io ct au
ct ui v xuvu tc (ti cho lu/) vi V imin ch quan
ca li. Lc Iricli (lu L-Iiiu h l (1i kliii nbk* en
lun
iem ca L-ixiu cho vui
n vn o * l mt
b
phn, (( mt ci iiili 6 c , iroug lon b s nghip ca
g i a i c a ) c ii n h u (lo B i tiei p boi c a it c a p c u g
nhu lanh (to. H ch nhan liinh mt ehicu ve ci
c tnrng ca Vii n^h. l tli hHig ci m h gi
l (( loai bi lnh ca vn Hu; dc )h ihu V11 Uli
phai phc ln<4 chinh tr, ph uiu vai Ir lmh o
c a D a u i (oi v i VUI ni^l. i l phi iilii nlfni<{ n u v u
l co* liiin cua ch n*1u Mc I.-niu. The m li

212
hunh honiT tuvn 1)6 rng h la ihuri* ngi theo
ch uhi Mc L-nin, l Iihrng Uiri pht trien ch
ngha Mc L-n.in mt eeli snii tiH).
Cli nglta Mc L-uiu eli Inrii rut sau khi
n h m c!Air (lo liai c p C11 n h n v B n g c a *iai c p
C11. nlian. l a n h o g i n h (tirc c h n h q u v u th n h i m
v ciii tt c a m i iri c c h m n g l p h i u t r a n h
e h\o x c h n h q u v e n . c n cl mn;4, b a o v c h (l m i .
Vn. n]\(; l m i l) phn, c a s ULhi) c c h m n g , v a n
n h ' (*fiU c Iilirm v KH) v c h n h ([iive.i c c h m n g .
m i o n He m r v ta n n v , Y11 11 L*li p h i c th i
r o r n j l khiiau' i !i ( h (t m i d o c c h mti l p
r a . X i i f m .;4 Hiri th e o c h i^la xt l i C( p h t m i n h )>
ra c i m h l l m u t lm a i i g i i n i s c s i i x u t v
q u a n h S!!!1 xiiil )> [ r o n g x a lii n i i i B c n c lu lin.
n a v . V h (ti p l i i e u c h n h c p b c h nhtTiig q u a n
h s n xuit IU (Vi (le c h o ubiT h rc l n g s a u
X11I <!n tc* , 0 (tc t (lo p h t l r i m . C h u i ta u
1>i 1 't Iul (ti e m n o i tini c a M c v m u t h u i i gi a
s c s im Miil v (iian h s a u x u t . TU'() l u n (tiin
th s v s im x u t p h t trit'11 k h n g n g n g t r o n g k h u n
kh c a u h m q u a n h s i m xiit n h t n h . L c q u a n
h s a n XU ( l c c h x h i ) r* n e n l i t h i v c n
tr* s* p l l I r i m c a s c s a u x u t thi k h n ch i tlii
c l i v s c s a n x u ii s p l v c i v c a q u a n lu; s i
xut (ti v c c h niii x h i se n r a . Sau cuc
c c l i m m i x a h i , m t (iinu h s n x u a t m i ( c h
x a hi m i ) s e 1 11 11 t h n h , t h c h h p v i s c s u
x u l e c h o s c s a n xitil c tic p h t r i e u rnnii c h n g .
N h Vai' 1r o 1114 l<ho\i{4 t h i 14U t i p l i u SU1 o c l i n m i g ,
([Iiaii !u; sim. x u a nii (cl* x hi m i) do cch
mn<4 hp IIMI l |)h l) v i sir p h t t r i e n c a s r c s a n
x i i . X u T n g Iigiri t h e o c h n g b n xt l i x u v i i t c
hc lliuyt ni tim* ca Mac trn y, ba t ra cu
n V

213
chuvn mn thiiiln gia a sc sn xut dn tc xh
quan h sn xut n i i cha mui nhn cng kch ca
h vo ch' mi, vo chnh quyn cch mng ca
nhn (lu. Il Hi n sc sn xut u tc . Th hi
sc sn xut dn lc l sc sn xut g ? Mi ngi
u bit, (ln tc Vit-Iiim ta hin nay c nhiu gi
cp : cii nhn c, iug (ln c, ticII tir S111 c, tir sn
dn lc c. Ngoi ra cn c giai c ) t sn mai bn v
a ch mi en Nam na. min Bc cc giai cip ny
b nh , nhng khng phi l chng t
b m nnru ngc u dy. Hai ch dn tc ca
bn xt li a ra mc ch (t gieo rc s m h,
xa nha ranh gii gia cc giai cp, xa nha ranh
<*i'i iia hai (-'l' tinh cht hon tou khc nhau
hai miu Ic v Xam nc la. Hoa na ai cng bit
rng, sau khi lli tiu ch thc n phong kiu, x
hi miu Bc mrc ta cha phi (t c mt liu kinh t
x hi ch ngha n nht vi b my quan h sn
xut m, xi hi ch ngha.. Tri li miu Bc ure
la hiu nay c imv khu vc kinh t khc nhau : khu vc
quc (loanh vri miau h SUI xut hon ton x hi ch
ngha ; khu vc t bn ch ngha vi quan, h sn. xut
l ch (l chim hu t bn ch ngha; v khu vc sn
xul hng ha nh m quau h sau xut l ch t
lm uli (trong khu vc liv c b phn (t bt (tu i
vo COII irii tp the ha, na xi hi ch nglia). Vn
mu tiun gia sc s i xut v quau h su xut
t ra l (te chi mu thun. trong lmg plin thc sim
xut nlt .ili. Diu iiq ch l y bn theo ch
ngha xt li em ru ng n cm cm b kia,
xuyn tc v co bia t ra ci mu thun gia sc
sn xut tro 1< >hmmg thc sn xnl t hn ch ugti i
v plurng tliv su xut liug ha nh t pht ln ch
ngha t bn, vi quan h sn xut trong phng thc
sn xut x hi ch ngha. H a ng v pha quy lut

214
kinh t t bn ch ngha v phm i qnv liit kiixh t
x a h i cli lha. 11 (li ( e h l i l i 1 c p b c h l h n g
q u a n h sm xiut m i t c l q u a n h s 11 x u a t x h i
ch n gh a ; cn quan h san xut cu, q u an
li s n x u t t b a n d i l n g h a , v q u a u h s n x u t
n h t pht 1I1 c h l iila t b a n , th h k h a g n g
chm a . C h | ta k liig ph u li u ra n g uh ii v o
m t v i b phn, n a o (t m xt t r n m i u R c n c
ta e i c m a u t l u i u s c s n x u a t v q u a n h s n
x i t a t , c h ii h n n h i r 111*111 t h u n n s c s a u xiit a
x a l i h a v q u a n h s i XIIrt tir b n c h n<flia t r o 11
c c x n g h i p tir l)im. c h n g h a tir uh ui. X i m v c a
c u c c c h m i q x b i c h ULhi (V m i u B i r ' mnVe t a
l s t i u ti g i i q n v l m:\ii t h u n . N h i M c p h i
c c n h 1 u u rt 0(1:1 c h u h a x t l i * R ir c t a n i
n m o i m u t h u : m <l k h it ? K !i,iff. ! I k h n n i
n. t h m u thuAII m h li n i (tu t h m u t h u n ,
m h i l m d ii t h u u i ifra s c s a u x u t ( l n t c
v C( q u a n h sn. x u t m i , t c l c h m i . I
n i : N l n q l c irnt/ sd .Vil d n (')(', itirc c c h
m iU (i p l n q HOi c h (te q u c v p h o n q k i n a n q
vp p h i roK b I (IKU he sn x u ni r, n u rn q
c h i n h s c h , lhU to c h c , n h n g tc ph o n c l n h o ,
n h n g c n b c h p h n h c n t r bv c i r n q p h i t r i n
c a nn )) (Trir(m[4-T*ii). N l u r t!i r r n g i c h m i ,
c h i n h q u v i i c c h 111 uv* v l ) 5i<4 1 a 1111 (to ciiti t r
s c s i x u l p h t t r i u . V tt I il i a c t h e o 1
l u n c a h thi m un, c h o s c s n x u n t c t
d o p h i l r i 0 11 c u p h a i n h c h n h q u v e u h i u n a y ,
n h D i i g l a u h (to.

y c u n g c u Hi r I h m , c h n g ta c u n g k h n g
ph nhn. rang lc clui ngha x hi a hon ton
thng l-i, lc hiu i i hc lt giai cp lion ton
t h t ie u r i c n g s e c m u t h u n g i a s c sm x u t

215
v quan h sn xut, nhng l loi mu tliuaii c
tnh chai hon tom khc hn, l loi mu thun
khii (toi klui, con Iigiri c th elii (tn, H ([uvt
mau thun. mt cch t gic, mi cch 11 thm,
khm* phai trai qua Iihhig bin X xa hi. Nlurng
l van e khc, vn (te trong tng lai, khng phi
l vn. (t ch vu hin li trong XI hi miu Bc mrc
ta. Min lc urc ta him uav ang (V trong tlii kv
qu (t l ch ngha tir bm ln ch ngha xa hi. Mu
t h u n CO h a n I r o n g x a h i iie u Hc h i n n a y l m a u
thun < 4*1i ch ngha xa hi v cli iiia t ban. Vm
ni thang ni? ch ngha Xi hi se thang hay ch ngha
l bn s thng ang t ru trirc mt cuui la. Giai
cp CII nhn v nhau (ln lao m* <liri s luh o
ca ang nht (tili s giai quyt van. (t v lm cho
ch Uila xa hi ton thn l. Xirii ra ci thuvt mau
n o o V

thun iia sc si xut (u tc v quan. h SUI xut

mi n.lfni.
n lunri
n theo ch Hha
n xt lai mun che

ctv Hi man tliuii cn bn troii x hi miu Bc

hin
* IIMv
V' l mu thun n iCVa ch lUha
n Xi hi
v ch
ngha Ur ban, lung ra ml lu khi m mon lm cho
nln (ln li klii nhn lliv mc tiu ctaii tranh trong
giai on, hiu uav. Dc c h m na, h m nuru ituh
lc mc tiu au tranh ci qun, chmu, h muu hu*(Vi<4
mui nhn (tu tniih ca quilii chng vo Ba l.L ta, vo
elnli quvn ta, vo ch ta. Nhng uiri theo cl
ngha xt li luu hum gio* cao ci chiu bai ch ngha
Mc L-Iiin, ihim ci chiu bi qu be nh khng
th che kii h mt thc ca h l l) mt chiig Dang,
chng ch ( mi, chii el ngha xi lii.
lo Nhn van v cc lp Giai phm khi ch
chng Dtiii, chii cli Ui) buii l hum )) m h cii
sng lc hng lot tho* vii (t kch Iii ta, a kch
ch la. Ngay t khi ha bnli mi l|) lai, cch mang

216
tlimg ]*i liioii Bu* (\ l;n rhn h khong biui lng,
iia lc tom (ln In clo imVii Ih < <4iii phng H
Trm-Dan thau van :
Ti hivc (li
k h K t h phn

kh n i tli n h
C h h n u m sa
trn mau c .
Traii-I)an 111in li 111i011 B:e sia phng vi mt
mu iiin m. (iira lc ([nan iic (Imi ng st nch
ta ( Ini-pliii), Trin-Daii (ta Hun* vo sau lmi Diit
v ch c ta mi liri (lao uliii : hi ilio* Nldi (tnh
lud/. Tru-D iiii ku la :
lm bit u
M i m i c X< n q h (
K h ) h cn i l i r a uV
i ve li h i
Cc lc gii trong Nln vn Giai ph(m hav
dng nhng ch hai mt : umVi ta , C
( nhini con
iirri khng phai ca chm* ta . Hont-Cam vit :
Nqiri 1(1 a rI nifm<4 cu lo ln liht troiit hng
elii.ie pho sch (\ quv kt cho mi mi tih ) (Con Xri
Tri-Di). Ci m Iloui-Cam cho l ihii;* cu to
IcVii nhi l <
( nhthu* iihn ili cao siu,
lp triri , (( quan iein , ilai cp ln h, l
lir ii tu l lu* s a n . v d v sau, V. V ... ( C i) i I ( ji i

Tr-Dti long-Cm).
Oiiii* n h T r a i i - D a i , I l o i i g - C i m i ciii n i n ix
tr con.n^iri v cho rim4 Irong ch? la con ngiri
h c l p n l ir <f c o n <hm hi x o (uini l n )). H o n -
Cani vit : '1 i (la khe v suv n^h rt Iiliieii v ii
tr con . *-i)a ciL Hi chv (l la n^ang Iihiu
x c p h m COI iiuiri ; 11.1 lII c u r i i u v c a m a y lUiri
t l L-I);.il (la buc rli ta ;
4 t *

217
 . . . em bc cng an
I mc
t qia tim nqiri
l t n h c m UVC x u i
theo nq lut (ti ng Nh nc.
IICru-Loan vit : (t Troii ch (t cm* ha Xhng
thng niah ca thnh thang t sng v vu khii
nhng cu b ca ng ca Ciiuh ph l (nihrng
thng nnh hi.
Nhig ngiri trong nhm d Nhn vn Giai
pham khig ngt li chi ra cc chieu s cch
mng, cc ng vin cng aii l c s11, l iav
leo, l (iauih ht, l tnh vt* l <
r lliii tim, thiu
c . Trag Iri lxn c l Tru-Duv. Traii-I)uv gi
nhmg ngi cng sn clnui chiih l (( Xlumg ngi
khng l khii tim . Tran-Duy C!1 cu l) cua
ui ca chnh quyu l SI c khi cuh 111:1 hay
cao .
Nhm Nhn vn Giai phtn ua nhau kch
ch ta. H vu ch ta l ci ph cha Trnh
lm h hu<4 ht c nhu ti (xem bi Con nqa qi
ca cha Trnh ca Phng-Cung). II bo ch ta
ch c th ch tao ra loi thi s my (xem bi Thi
s m ca Chm-vu-Bim). Vi mt gin<4 x xiu,
Phau-Klii bo l trong ch ta khng ai irc ni
v cou ugi phi chu i cht trug tre :
Ni th roi (li s qui ch
.. . i nm ronq tre cht cng .
Nhm Nhn vn Giai plim hi nh v
k ic h ch ta v c h l a t i n u l e n c h n g h a X
hi, l iu tri vi uhng quau ini Ur san ca
h, v ch ta khiig dung th cho ch nglia c
nhn v chnh ph ca h c t do bnh trng
hoiih hnh. H bi nho v kch C(IC chin s cch

218
mng, cc ng vii cng sn v cc chin s cch
mng, cc (lng vieu C*i4 su l nliTi k bo v kiii
quyt ulial, ii* cam nhai ch ( mi ca chng ta,
v chin u klng mt 111i cho Urrmg lai xa hi clii
ngha ca r quc a.
Trmi-Dii vit bi I i mai c v rat t, rt
tiu phong , cch mng lia uliag ngi cch
mng , cng S?UI h<m Biiy cng sn )). Tru-Dii v i t:
Ti cha c khi no qun to bo.
no l :
Ti c thP mc n h ih i ii li
Chi bao ( qu HU xi nuc t i: nm .
Ti c he mc thy IVU tiiK chi tc tn
T r ihi c h i : s( kh U] SI<I to .
Chng ta thay y ci tinh thau to bo m
to bo )>, su< to d m sng tao , ci tinh than
luii lun phau khi)), lun lun ph phch ,
khii can bit phan khu ci g, ph phch ci *.
Chng ta gp li (V y ci tinh thau ciui n^--r
Gt-. ug--r Man-r a ni nhiu n s ni lon,
cho s ni lon y khag cu c mc ch g c, t
ba tlin ci s ni lon av l ci l sii ca ngh
thut. Mau-r cuii xirii* ln th trit l hnh ng e
hnh ii. Chnh Ih trit l ny ct (to lo rahii lot
ngiri inv e i iiili Ihu cho bn. pht-xit v Mau-r
nghi em ihin tr thiih mt th qun. SU' cho ii
D-gu, mt t clit* pht-xt mi ac Php. Chinh
Tra-Dii v nhm (<Nhn vn Giai phtn tn
th ci th trit l Hi lon , <
( hiih ng . Tru-
Daix khiU s Mmc aiiu ti li , c n ti chng
ng, chii nhu (ln, Traii-Dati CUII khng t, min
l Trii-Di khng mc ti Iirn , min l Trn-
l)n c the p ph , ni loan)) t ra ta y

219
to bo khiig C11 bit to bo e lm g. c
nh llic Triui-Daii mi c the huig lii con iigi
hn< trong a CO1 ngi Triu-Dau ctuxvc t <io ph
phch. Tra 11-Dan c th ( mc thy iiui tiiii chi lc
ta , c n nhng ting chi phau (tguu, phn,
cch nia niiii l Trn-)au klii |)h:\i ilic tiiif
chi sii* khU sng to . Tr 11-Da 11 quvl lm tht
bi mi th Ca quon iua Iii^iri Irn trau qu lin l>i .
Th gia , theo Trit-Diii, l Daiii ta, ch
o V O

ta. Cho riui ch (l ta i n<ii'i thnh ra hn hi, cung

nh cho riii cli ( li (te ra ihthi con !i4inVi niv,
n n D '

(t ra (( thi s my ,(t lIihi<4 li vu khmi hi nli

che ct la. Cinin cu ni r riiio ohuin la kliio bno
gi ch tririi (f Uinii khii sng to. B*i siii ca
chng ta l cmt qu trnh sng to v (li. Ohni* ti
lt ch thuc a na phon kin (l sng
to ra ch dan ch nhn u v liiii nay ang
hmt* iigv sng to ra ch ngha xa hi. Hu Hiiy
hui i 11 11U1 u ta tai s i t o r a n h f h u h t t h c ,
iihCrn thc vi, nui sii hng chc Iriu con
ngi. Hng lot nh niv i irc xuy (hruL, hng
vn mu niiig c tiri mre, l ) iu khii
phi l Iihfrn^ s sng to. Nlimj theo Trau-Dati
thi ch l cuc sn li iy nhi nhch 0,
c h l Hm <( S t o t h e o T r a a - I ) u l C( p h
phch phai phn khng him trii , phai el>ii<4 li
ch (t* hin
thi, cn 711(5u bao v ch *hin Ihi ca
ta l mc ti nm Tnrc v, Iroii Giai phm
ma xun, L-I)t cung iii <4o tht Mi ! Mi !
Luii lun mi ! Bay cho cao ! H:iv cho xa ! Cung
nlnr Tran-Dim ngy nay m ic "o tht phi sng
to )), hay i mai ! . Nhirii th hi i tm ci nii
nhng l ci mi no? Ily sng to nlirii s,u> to
lm g ? I13y i mi nhig (ti n au ? Nu ch mi

220
(te m mi, sn4 to (le m sng to, i m i, thi
c h n h hi (Inni* i v o 1*011 (lirm c u , r a t c u , c o n (Urm
!1<*H thui vi Uihr liul (ta c liii* Irin nam 11.IV,
o * * i * n V

k h n t r() nit c h i <i l s i i g to c . B l l l r n g li

lliu l c ric ii v i I r v .

De bo cha cho ci lp lun (( clii* (loi h i u

In u mo nluTiu
0 111411*0i
0 ro c h u n
0 lia xt lai
. d e xiriii
r>
ra ci thiivcl ni vii (( nhim vu ca vn ugh l pht
him s* tli, pht him vn . ii mt <4101114 uiiili
n l xi ic van 1114I1 s hav (lung cm pht hin
kluivt (icm . Luii iMi ve nhim v pht hiu ))
Ji.il *V
> c u hau l Iri v i h a u d t c a Iih
n lUit. T i n h
l v c u a UMI llu i t l c c h i k i m l (V c l p h n n h
(li SOIK ch khn<j[ phai l ch (i pht hiii klnivl
dioni . Mno Trdi-cii ni : (( V lun, mt tc phm
v ii mli O CUI4 l k c t q u c a i h m g p h a n 11 .il s iih
hot ca ihii chui v s <4t iua Iroii an c con
iiri . XinVii ln. ci thuyt pht hii khuvt ieni ,
I i l n g irtirtri fiK*() c h lulia xt li t r a h k h n g
liieu mi nui ve bn chi eiia nuh
n thut v (tc
trng
n
ca n. Dim cho V1I n^h c nhim v pht hiu
(ti ua Ihi ll lii nh vn Ul ug Irii lp trng
ca gii cp no m ( pht iiin . Thc t trong vu
Iii
n k h mn
* c Ye
t Uo m v a n iiul
n s m t lai k li n
n
c kin nhu xi pli phn ca mnh. )6i vi ci
mi s vt, cui mt vie, cng mi con. ngi, m
moi van lu; s 06 ml cch nhn, cch cm, cch iijh,
cch (lnh cci niiu t khc ihau. i sni iii
l t r o n g t c pliatn v u 1 14 11 l (i s n g (tircre siK lao
li. (lch lihii, cch cm, 11<4!l ca tc gi dii4 mt
vai tr (iivti diali hoi s sUf lo li . Cch nhn,
cch cam ngiu, 1-iV/li (iuli gi ca vn nghe s thuc giai
Cp nv khni; "ioii* ulir ca vn ngl s Ihuc 14
c ) k l i c , c u viiiv n g h 4 s c c h m a n g khj.i4 g i n g u l u r
CII YUI ngh s phn cch mng. Mao Trch-tt ni:
Vn ngh cch mug l kl qua ca iilnig phn ali
v sinh hoi nhu dn v s gt iia Iroiig u c nh
vn cch mii . Xlnig Uiri xirc'm< ln Ihuv vn
ngh pht hiu s llil Irong thi iiui qua tig
Iru lp Iririi chng DUig, chng nhu dn pht
hin nhii'4 hiu tiig xu le le ' cc ui, ri bp
mo i, bm to ra, tii phng lii v clip li vi nhau
thnh nhng hnh nh en li m h cho l bn clit
ca ch ta. Ly c l pht hiu khuvt im e
kim tra cliinh sch , plnU hin vn e cho lnh
o sa cha h i bi mc nhng khiii cnh ti
tm, di tch cu ch c cii st li Iroug ch ta,
xuvn tc, hi iiii bn cht tt p ca ch ta,
gieo rc hoang nuuig, tht VU cm th i vi ch
. Thc cit ch trinmg phi hiu s tht l ci
d lm en li mun kch Bmg tu, nhn (lu ta,
ch ta. Chng ta khii bao gi' ph uliu s cii
thit vu phai vch r Iihhi* kh khn v ph
bnh nhng thiu SI trong C11'4 lc cch in:ui, tri
li ch 113 tu i hi vn Hli phai lm cho (tc cirg
tc (t vi mt lp tnriii (lng. Nhng chng la kiu
quyt chng li th (toa quen thuc ca li tc ng
tinh thu# li (U.IU4 vic |)li biiih v tII pli bnh ciii
ta, (la vo mt cht s0 thl ri l) x Ihiih lo thi
r w * *

plumg xuyu lc e kch ch ta.

Vn dy khiig phai l vn ngh nu van e
hay khii nen vii e. Van (t l (V ch vn ngu nn
vn. Iilur th Iio ? XgirtVi vn RgU s tug Irii lp
trng iio m uu ? S* lure Cii. t ran g tron
thi gian qua mt s Va iih s lp trii m h
c tu* tng ng dao, hoang mam*, nurcm c liu
V11 e lvhiu rful* e t ra mt s cu
hi lng lo* de lm lv s* hoang mung sang ngi khc,
to nn nt s hoi nghi khng tt i vi eh ta.
Ch irir<ni{4 * liu van t khiig can i quyt phm
nh s hl lc ca mi s nh van Inrc i song
|)hc tp. Yii ll(Vi n CII bc l thi v trch
nliiin ca nhng nh YLi trong khi miu t i sng.
*
<

Do loJ)|>, ixTuTiii Iiiiri trong nhm Nhn vn

G i a i p u n IhiriL n i e u (( COI1 Iigtri , <( p h a i v u ,
phaiqu, phai triii con ngiri . H cho rang ch
ta ch (tp CO1 iiinri, khng c nln vn . H vu
khi l* clmg ti khiiL c Iiha tnh. llu hrori ca bn
h lun, hiii c uVuni (lanh t rt ku l C( nhn vn. ,
(( nhau (to , nhn, phm , ihiui cch , nhu
lnh , v.v... L-I)t vict :
X ( :) suiU c h u a V(U v iriM t r n
f len v n tni con UIVL

IkKiug-Cm vit :
D si lc cn ca vo nhn phni
Ti cn thvl lo, d k tinq, ln l.
Chi ta liav th xcm ci con Iiiri ca h,
ci (( iilii plm ) ca h nhir th no ? Ioi-Cum
kliii ui li ca 111! (lon uii Tru-Du , llur
coii niri l lirii* ca ilini dNhn vn Giai pl.
Chui ta luy nghe 1loug-Gtm l COLI iiiri l tii
y nhau phm, nhu cch, ulii linh y: TroK s <]iao
thip v UIV n b i anh cnt rt bra bi...
M i IV l n ( u i , (t (tiei h i c n v c b a l (Vn c h o i
n h Uivi d v i tii , r i c i a (i . A n h s n s)
i lin h CU. X iv i thiu c l s (ti m i scl
ca anh, nn (t i r iunnu b ni n lhirug b
khc... D con Uiti l/ iiu) theo kieu Nhn vn
Giai pluun l nlur vv . Cn ahng iigi cch
Tumg s u t d t 11 t v h y s i n h v i T q u c , p h c v
n h u ( l u th h o c h o l 1 ;InL
n iunn ri klu)ii*
n tim khii<4
n
c* , l h n g iiri ti , kliiii c < n h n p lia 111 ,
(C n h u c c h >). L - D t n i Iriiii r a d l :

Xhi kirp Kiri .v/// lu trm ii

hiv m i cic.c hnh vi
CIK S0)' cn ( ii
CIK S11( CIU h li.

N h u n k c h Mh i c n h n ci iin h u l u r b n
Hiri troi<4 n h m { ( N h n U G i a i p h a m m m
m<v mm ra chiIilm* n unri
n CIU
n san,7 nlurin cliiu
s cch mng, ulmi n<4ir<vi sui)! i pliau u cho T
q u c c h o iliim. (ln. l (( ti ), l <f lliii l im ih ie u c )),
l c<khii ulin pKii, khLi4 iiu cch ! Bn (< Nhan
I> (iai phim l nhii phim l niuii (luv tr v
k h i p l i c c h (l Itr han. oli n h a. \ ; h i tu* b iu i c l
n<4 h a l Xc h i v v li ii. o 11' a i v i M d u y 1r ch
n g i p nVc b c li m>i, u ^ i l c h s i v i iiiiri,
li sng ca clu Iiriii tir ban l loi soiu iv ih linh,
ba bi v i 11l) )). X hi t b a n ch.il iiha l v
n h a u ao . N l n u n uirtVi
n b a o v c h (t ' l v iihtii
ao. Bn (( Nhn lui (iai h nniu (luv tr v
khi phc cli (l tir hau ki.1'4 c ([UVCI ni tlu nhu
o. Ch nliM ii>ui ciX san, ulunu* n.iinVi chiii au
d e lli ti u c h o ( mon r i b c lt
* unu r i,7 chiM. u o
x vv' irn<4
* o in l chi* d o m i h o n to n Ur
* (lo i m i h l
n
khng c liii Urc/ii l^iri p ln\ hc lt lutri, mi
c (uvii Hi en nim (lio. Ch n^ha cv sn l
ch ntha nhau (lo ii. Mc v ng-thcMi ni ch
ngha nhn (lo cli u chinh, (t l ch lUha C4 sau ) .
N l r n g Uiri c ii s i m ( l m lV s i n h tiiii mn.4 ( a m n h
c u VI oaj bo, cu V(Vi nhn loi, dm b nh
1)0 cua, c ca tinh vu <e phan ch 11 cho hnh plic
ca dn lc, ciui lIuu loi, vi th iiliig niiri ci

224
 sii l nhng ngi nhn, o nht. V I ngli ca chA.ig
\ ta l vn ngh nhn. o nht. Vn ngh ca bn Nhn
vn Giai phTan l vn ngh vi vn ngh, vn ngh
khng phc v nhn dm, vII ngh phc v ci c nhn
ich kv ca bn h, 11U th vn ngh <t l th vn
ngh v nhu o...

* *

. .. Thm nhiii linh Ihn. nhu o ca ch ngha

cng sn, vn ngh ta y vic phc V1.1 cng nng binh
lm mc ch. Cng uii biah l nhng ngi sng
to ra lch s. Khng nhng h sng to ra nhrag ca
ci vt cht, m h cn sng to ra nhng ca ci tinh
thu. Trn miu Bc nc ta cng uug binh v nhng
ngi tri thc phc v cng ung binh l nhng ngi
ch mi ca X hi. Vn ngh ngy nay khng phc
v cng nng binh thi phc v ai na ? Bn quc
phong kin tng honh hnh mt thi li ra khi
v i lch s, uu vua ugli khng mun em ting
so lc loi tr ve tin, kip , n UI' kiu Tru-Duy
th phng nhng bng ma quc phong kin, m
mun i tm mt i tng c thc plic v, mt
i tiig sng mnh m bug bt, llii h c the lim
thy irc i tng phc vu trong cug uag binh
l nhng ngi mi xut hiu trn vu i lch s, l
nhng ngiri ang luo ng qun. mnh e xy (lng ch
ngha x hi. Nu ngy nay m vn agh khng mun
cho cii uiig binh thng thc th vn ngh s
rt kh lim dc ngi tliirng thc, thi vn ugli s
tlinh mt th hoa ho bi vt b bu l ng ca
lch s! Bn Nhn vn Giai plin kliiig bao <i
ng n vn van ugh phi phc v cng nng
binh. Bc li ton b th vn ca nhm Nhn oan
Giai phm chng ta klxug h thy mt hinh iih ca

223
ngi cng nhn ang cm ci lm vic trong nh
my, ha111 m, cng trng, ca ngi nng (ln ang
cy su cuc bm tru tha rung va c chia
trong ci cch rung t, ca ngi chiu s Ciiii (ti
nhn, dn ung tp tnh ngv m e xv lii qun
i nhn dn vng mnh, hay ng gc ni o hco
ht gi chn bin. phng hoc ngoi hi o xa xm
bo v T quc. Ton b Ih vn. ca h ch bc
ln ci mi vi c nhu ch nilia nng nc ca bn
h. Qua th vn ca h chng ta khng h thv bng
dng ca cng nng binh m ch thy l l ci ti
mc nt. H quay v vi trit hc ca Cng : phi bo
v ly ci ti . V c nh th h mi v ngc khoe
khoang l h dm l minh . Trinmg-Tru ni vn
ngh s dm mnh trong iu kin khng cho h
c l mnh . L-Dt vit :
*

Dao nhin tan ti khng thc i ti.

L-Dt tic r nhng ngv khn ngoan khng dm
lm ngi , nhng ngv thm hi , tc l nhng
igy anh ta tham gia khng chia (li s lnh o
ca Bng. Vn ngh phc v cng nng binh theo L-
t l cng thc x giv vo mi . V theo phng
hng vn ngh th tim cht cng trong l thi.
V th anh ta i Mi I M i! v i tm mt ng
li vn. ngh mi tri vi trng li vn ngh phc
v cng nng biuli, lc l lim con ng vn ugh
phc v ci ti .
HNG-CHXG
Vn ngh, s 10, thng 3-1958

226
 V

N H N G T I N G NI BNG TNH
NG H BN N H N VN
G I A I P H A M . KHNG PHI
N G U N H N M K T H
DN T C N G H C H N G !
 Y ! HU THUN C A NHN P H HOI
NHN VN GIAI PHM

N g a y t khi Nhn vn mi r a i, thng tn

M . p ., i Ting ni I o a - k v u i mng loan
tin cho ton th gii t do r ci phong tro chng
cng mit Bc Vil-nam . i pht thanh Si-gn v
bo cl xut bn min N a m lin tip ng li nhng
bi b o Nhn vn Giai phm v khng ngt li
ng h , c v cho bn ny.
N h n g bi T i n g so tin kip c a T r n -D u y ,
Con ngi T r n -D n c a H o n g -C m , ng N m
Chut ca Phan-Khi, c c bi x lun c a N g u v n -
h u- ang, T r u - c -T h o , L - t , v .v ... u c c c
bo c a Dim nh bo T do, Cch mng quc gia
ng li nguyn, v n vi nhng li hnh lun ch thch
ni xu min B c c a chng ta.
i Si-gn, bo ch c a D im u ln ting x u y n
tc y l mt cuc thanh irrng q tr thc min
Rc, t v cng lo ngi cho s phn ng Phan-
Khi, Trn-Duy, V. V... kh m thot khi s phn ca
inh-Linh, Trn Xl-h , b n phi hu phn ng r
T rim g -q u c. H cho l mt iu ng mirng cho
h, v h hy vng rng gii sinh vin hc sinh min
Bc c thi c gy c mt phong tro chng cng
c tnh cch qui m v hiu lc,
 Bo T do trong s 325 ra ngy 3-2-1958 ku
gi bn Nhn van G iai phm lii vnq ln, hi
nhnq nqiri lttm chung t do !
Bo v i i: Phi xem l mi bin ng, l
mt iinq chung dnq ln, mt li ku <J ca nhng
nqi ham chung t do ( tha iht nm ra cho ngi
Vit (o (!) cnq ta v c T h q i t do na .
Ro T (lo ku gi Trong cnq cuc chin u
chng vi bng ti(?) e da ((n tc v nhn loi, ph&i
tht nn mng v c v.... Hi bo ln tiii*
thnh khan v tha ihit (ti hi ht thy nhng ngi
Vit t do (tc l Dim v l) l tay sai) h tip ta
vi nhtU IK/ri bn c v nht l lhnq ngi bn
mi bn kia yii tuyn, h*ng ng ni cng ngoi
k c h . . . P h i l y iitK v a n g c h o m n h m e n h n g
chin s cm t i vH lnq v sc phn ng mau lan
irn lh nc v b.
Bo T (lo, c quan chng cng ca Dim C11
l vn trch nhim vi th gii t do, vi Lin
hip quc, nht l c quan Lin hip vn ha quc l
hay m cuc in trn can thip .
Bo Cch mnq quc qia trong s ra ngy 8-2-1958
ct gi Nhn van Giai phm l phong Iro bt
khut ca ri l c min Bc . Bo xc nhn
l mc tiOu ca nhm Nhi vn G iai phtm t
phm vi c nhn quay sang ( kch thng vo ch
ngha Mc L .
Nhng tiu s ca P h a n -K h i, Nguyn - hu -
Daug, Trn-c-Tho, v.v... u irc cc l)o T do,
Cch miU quc gia, Ngn lun, v.v... cho ng ln-
Cc bo nv (lu suy I11 bn Nhn ixn Giai
plm l s phu , chin s chng cng s 1 , l
con ngi dng cm v.v... Bo T do ngy 8-2-1958

230
cho Phnn-Khi la con ngi m (nq cho s phn
khng, chng cng sn, chnq li ch min Bc '
Bo ca ngi Nguyu-hu-Dang l ((nqiri (t dnq
cm ku ( nhn dn mien c bieti tnh .
Bo Cch mnq quc qia li cn ku gi : G i
tong khi nqi ca nln (ln min Bc sp ih . Chng
ta nn sn sng ch i hng ng v gip (tong
bo bn kia v tuyen...
G mt thi gian di bn Mv Dim liii tip c
v 1)011 ph hoi Nhn vn Giai plii, xuvn tc
min Bc ca elnig ta.

KHNG PHI L NGU NHIN N

K TH CA DN TC NG H CHNG !

Ti ngh l chng la khng cn phi tn nhiu th

gi v giv mc tr li cho bo v (ti pht thanh
ca Mv-Dim miu Nam. Nhn dn la ang sug gia
cuc u tranh chng nhng bn ph lioi trong vn
ngh, hiu r s thc v nht nh khng v ting
ch sa xa <;II m dng bc trii con (tng minh
ang i.
Tuv vv, qua vic ch lun truyn, cling ta
cng c dp s xc nh thm lng :
V plin k Ihii ca dn tc, chng lm nh th
l lt nhin v'i bn cht ca chng. M-)ini khng
i phi c mt vic lm no ca nhn dn v
ng la mi tn cng ta. H c vic th chng xuyn
tac, li dng. Khng c vic, thi chng lai bia t ra.

231
Ch ngha d quc v bn phong kin, thc dn Php,
pht-xt Nht, clnh quvn Nam triu v c bn t-
rt-kt phn ocli mng, rnv chc nm nav vn lm
nh tli. L k 11) ca dn tc v ca giai cp cng
nhn Vit-nam, chng lun lun khuyn khch, cao,
khen ngi nhng ci g chng li cch mng ca dn
tc Vit-nam, chng li nhng ngi cch mng Vit-
nam, chng li giai cp cng nhn, chng li lc lcmg
x hi ch ngha, chng li ng cng sn.
M Dim ngy nay tip tc lm vic , ch lm
cho nhn n Vit-nam, Hc cung nh Nam, cng thm
thy r tinh cht c quc v phong kin ca chng,
tinh cht i ch vi nhn du la, lin cng thm
cm Ih chng.
. . . Cn v phn nhn dn, cn b, cc gii tr
ihc, vn K chng la miu lic ang lch cc u
tranh chng sai lm trong vn ngh, chng ta cng
nghe M Dim go tht, la , chng ta cng xc nh
vic lm ca chng ta l tiig. L-niii, t lu, dy
cho chng ta : khi k th kch chng ta, chng ta
c th yu lm l chng ta i ng con ng cch
mng. Khi k th khen chng ta, chng ta phi kim
im li hnh (t11 ca ch m ta. K th cng phn
i ta th chng la cng tliy r cuc u tranh ca
ta chng sai lm trong vn ngh hin nay em li
s bt li cho k th th ti uhin l c li cho dn
tc v giai cp.
Mt khc, cuc u tranh ca chng ta ang tin
hnh mt cch cng khai, quing minli, chnh i, c
ng o qun chng theo di v tham gia. iu (
cng chng t l khng nhng chimg ta v chn l,
v i l i i c h c a s (tn g m p h n u , m C11 c h n g t
l sc on kt u tranh ca chii
o ta rt manh'

 Qua nhng lun iu ca M Dim min Nam,
ti li thv Ihni mt vn na. l ch gp
nhau gia quan im ca bn ph hoi Nhn vn
Giai phaII, quai icm ca nhng Rgi sai lni v
luii iu phn ttng ca k ch. D mun hay khug
mun, nhng ngivi lm cng lc vn ngh, khi mt
Jp trng, lch quan i0111 Ih, trn thc t, sa
vo a ht tir lirtmg ca k th. Khng phi ngu
nhiii m M Dim ca lng nhng vic m chng cho
l: Thng thn, can m chng li nhng nguyn tc
ca ch ngha Mc L-nin, chng li chinh sch, lanh
t v cu b Vit cng ; can m phau nh ch ti
tm miu Hc... . Khng phi ngu nhin m M
Dim cho (ig nguvn vi IV: Ong Nm Chut , tng
mv , Th cua Trau-Du, L-t, V. V . .. Khng phi
ngu uhin m M Dim h ho chng cng, chng
s lnh o ca Ban< 4 cng san. . Bi v, s tn ti
ca tir tivng c quy lut ca n. Mi th t inq,
khi tr thnh h ihnq, u phn nh mt c s
t tng ca qiai cp. Glio nu, cng rt t nhin l
khng c igi no i biu cho t tircmg giai cp cng
nhn, (ti biu clio l tng ca nhu dn qun chng
m li i (t kch Bug ca giai cp cng nhn v s
lnh o ca Diig y. Cng nh khii c mt i
bin ca t lng quc hay phoii kin no m li
phn i vic chii Bng v s lah o ca ng
cng sn.
L-QU-K
Bo ThSnq nlit, s 44, ngy 6-4-1958

233
 VI

MT CAO TRO QUN CHNG

P BO BN <r N H N VN
GI AI P H M . T I N G NI
CA B MI TNG LP NHN
DN - D LUN BO CH, VN
NGH - NHNG NGI B BN
NHN VN GI AI PHM
LOI cun C n g ln t i n g
BO NHN VN KHNG PHI R A DI MT
CCH D DNG ! CNG NHN NH IN, NHNG
NGI U TIN KHNG MUN CHO TNG
NI PHN NG c CT LN

T h n g 9 -19 5 6 , bn cm u Nhn vn em n t
in s ((Nhn vn u tia vi rt nhiu bi v bn
tho. N g a y t khi ci qui thai y cn Irong trng,
cn b Gng on v anh em cng nhn bt uu
ng ig :
L I Sao nhng COI1 ngi t xng l khng
chin m li c nhng li l c a n th ny ?
Ri bo v n lu khun. N h im g c kin ngay
trong cng nhn, nh chn ng t s 1. Khi s u
n y ch cn mt mt giy na, cn b Cng on nh
in hi ngay kin cng nhn : in h a y hon ?
Hi cn b em kin lp th ny tm gp th
lnh ca bo <
<Nhn vn : tn Nguyn-hu-ang.
Chng ti ngh cc ng hon, v nhng bi
v th ny khng xy dng cho ch mt t gi !
Chng ti yu cu c c ng ngh n min N a m ,
ng thng ch li dng xuyn tc.
Chng ti thy th ny khng ng, yu cu...
H n p li ngon lnh :
Cc anh ihm 1 C iu cho ch ag ti, khiig s !
Gng c hng v n triu t Nhn vn ny vo N a m ,
cng hay ! Cc anh khng in, l phm plp lut Chnh
ph !

237
 f!nc cai nhau kch lit bui sm hm gia hn
v cng nhn khug kt thc. Nhtriig bn trong, anh
em tho bt cu-roa , h khuii xung (t cho
mv hng, c hon k (tc !
Ni g th ni, lm g th lm. ng khurt in
ci loi chi ng xem sao? My img cht t sm
n chiu. Nhng eng ngay t chiu , sau khi tliiuh
tli Lin hip cng on, cng nhu mi li bt c d
phi in nt cho chng. Th l s 1 rtiV/M vn ra, mang
theo (5 trang ti c u tin ca chng iim vo ch
chng ta. Cng nhn bc lc. V d khi mnh ni
tav, chng nh c , li tin hnh s 2, c c hn.
Nhiig Lin hip cng on vn khng cho cng
nhn Xun thu bp mi bo Nhn vn ! Li phi tip
tc in s 3 , nh phi lip tc chich gai vo da tht
ca chnh mnh.
Cho n khi bo Nhn vn lt ra s 3 . Lc nv
cng nhn nh la.
Kin ngli khp ni xa gu ro ro bay 111 Chinh
ph, Trung ag ng v y ban liimh chnh H-ui.
n gi pht bp mi ci CO' quan. tc ug tinh
thiD) y, khng cho chng ma gi lng lon na! Trn
ny, cng nhn Xu u thu mv lu kin nghi ; iri kia
cng Iihn Sng-l (cng phi iu Giai phm) kin ngh.
Nhiig kin ngh c chp nhu. V thug co y
ban hnh chnh H-ni ngy 10-12-1030 ctug ca bo
Nhn vn.
By gi, anh cm th in Xu n thu mi th- ra nh
nhm. Nlit l khi plii chiu ci kh tm t tav mnh
sp ch thm s 0, s m c nhng bi, nhng ch
bc c nh ca vo c T quc ta...
(Ghi Iheo l i cn b, cng nhn
nh in Xni thu).
NGUYN-ANH-TI
Lao ng s 514 ngy 19-4-1958

238
BO - NHN D n PHT HIN VN B V T
NIN VN - GIAI PHM 3 TRirC D LUN

Tron" khi d lun ang m i vi bo Nhn

vn v Giai phm , ngy 25-9 -1950, ng chi Nguyn-
Chng vit mt bi, t vn ra trc d lun, vi
mt l l anh thp i i vi mt ging rt n ha,
rt mong mun bn ngi Nhn vn Giai phm
quay li con ng ng, ng ch Nguvn-Chag
t ting pho hiu u tin trn bo ch v d lun
cho trn chin u.
Tuy bi ca ag ch Nguyu-Chng rt ng n
v n ha, bn. Nhn vn Giai phm tp trimg
m kch ng ch Nguyn-Chiig troi nhiu t
bo, di mi hnh thc. y, mi cc bn c bi
bo u tin chng Nhn vn Giai phm ...
Tp G iai phm ma thu v bo Nhn vn mi ra
c uu ln mt s vn. .
Trong hi Ph bnh lnh o vn ngh ca ng
Phan-Khi trong tp Giai phm ma thu, v trong nhiu
bi t Nhn vn c nu ln mt s vic ph binh
lnh o vn ngh. Trong nhng li ph bnh y, c
phn nh mt phn s tht. Trong qu trnh phn u
gian kh xy dng mt nn vn ngh mi, cc vn
ngh s chng ta c nhiu c gng ; uhimg cng cn
nhiu khuyt im, nht l v lnh o, nh trong hi
ngh hc tp vn ngh va qua nhiu ng chi vch
ra v nh tra bo Vn ngh hin nay nhiu ng chi
ang pht biu.
C nhng khuyt im sai lm ch yu l : ng
lao ng Vit-nam thiu chnh sch c th v vn ngh ;
trong s lnh o c bnh hp h i; trong vic p dng
phng chm vn ngh phc v chnh sch, c khuynh

239
hng cng thc; trong vic ph bnh vn ngh, c
khuynh hiig chp ni my mc, v.v... Nhng Siii
lum, khuvt im v (t c nh lurmig khng tt iln
s phi irin v sng lc vn ngli.
Bi vi nhng sai lm, khuvt (tim v, bo Nhn
vn v tp Giai plm ma lm a ra ph bnh ro
rit, cc ng chi phu trch trong vn ngh cu thnh
khn, thc s cu Ih, tip tliu nghin cu sa
cha.
D l mt mt.*

fr

Nhng mt khc, phai vch r riiig Iroiig ni (luii),

q u a n i m D p h i r n q p h p p h b i n h c a 1<J P h a n - K h i
v bo Nhn vn c nhiu nhn t sai lm v c hi.

V mt t tag v quau nim vn ngh, tp Giai

pim v t Nhn vn cha nu ra nhng kin g
rnh mch, nhim<4 xt kv th c n.lni' ctim tht ng
ch . ng Phan-Khi, trong khi ph bnh lnh o
vn ngh hp lii, t li vn quau h <ii
chinh tr v vn ngh. Mt ng, rtg ni: nh rung
vn ngh phc v chnh tr, cho nu chih tr phi
luh o vn ngh*. Nhng ng khc, ug li 11.U lu
nhng kin h nh : s d tao (ehiuh tr) tha
thit n mv (vn ngh) l v tao nniii li i.m<4 ci
ngh thut ca my ... Nhim<* phnu ugi thut av
l phn riug ca vn. ngh, chnh tr khng bao bin,
c , 11 i J)hi c l (lo t r o n g p h a u v . T r o n g
nhiu on lp luu v sau, ng cii t ra bc bi i
vi phng chm vn ngh phc v cng nng binh,
phc vu chuh sch. VI t (io vn ngh s, ii
Phaii-Kh uu ra thiu 111I qium lim v ni (tu11<4
r rng.

240
 Phi ch ra rtig, <i ni ra hav khng ni ra, ng
V cn bn. ca II 1hau-Khi l muu tch ri chnh
tr v'i vn H<h, i lp chnh Ir vi vii ngh*, v thc
t, nh vy l ii Phui-Khi imiii vn ugli thot ly
s luh o ca chnh tr, trong hon cnh hiu ti
ca lurc Vit-nam, nmii vn. ngh thot lv s lnh
o c;i ng lao u<4 Vit-nam, Ihut lv s luli o
ca l luu Mc L-niu; ng Phau-Khi khng mau
vn j(h phi phc v ciig nng biiili, phc v yu
cu ca u tranh cch mng (mc du trong bo Nhn
vn c ch nu ln. nh mt ci chiu bi: theo s
lnh o ca ng lao (tug Vit-nam v theo ch
ngha Mc L-nin).
Nh vy l khng ng !
Trong vic liih o vn. ngh' c bnh hp hi,
trouj4 vic p dng phng chm vn ngh phuc v
cng I>!1<4 binh c khuynh hng cng thc mv mc,
th chii la phai ph bnh v sa cha, v chng ti
tia rii<4 iiht nh sa cha irc. Nhimg (lo m
mun nghi ng' c nhng phcmg chm nguyu tc cu
bu ca lin vu Hh mi ca ta hin nay th rt sai
lm v nguy hi. V rng vn ngh ca ta nu khag
phc v eu< nng binh, kling phc v qun chng
uhu dn ng o th khng the no l mt lin vn
ngh cch niti^ trc uliii dn yu chung. V rng
vn ngh Vit-Uim nu khng theo s lnh o ca
t tirg Mc L-nin, t tiriig cch mng ca giai
cp cng nUii, thi cli c the tip thu s lnh oca
l tuii vu ntli t 8U1 li thi.
Tt nhin, ni nh vy cn rt cha , vn c
chinh tr lnh o vix ngh nh th no cn cn
nghin cu thao lun nhiu, t l nlrug vn e v
Iiguvu tc, plii c llii r rng khng nu p m-.
C iig vng Irii Iihng nguyn tc cn bua y mi
c th bn n ph binh nhag khuyt im khc trong
va ngh mt cch chnh xc.
*
* *

V mt chinh tr, bi ph bnh lanh ao vn Iili

ca ii Phau-KUi vi tranh (( ()c sen khii ciili m
bay cao ca Trn-Duv trong lp G iai puun ma lii
v nliiu bi Irouy bo Nln vn,7 c bil l hai bi
n

Coa ngi Traii-Du v bi tho* Nhu cu chuvn

niv ngiri t t , xem tt c nhng bi v chng ta
thy tot ra mt iu : l bo Nhn vn v lp Giai
phm muii nhu vic ph bnh liih o vn ih
hp hi, ninh lnl m lm cho ngiri ta tiig lm
rng lon b s lah o ca Bng lao ii Vit-uam
v lon b ch cliixh tr * min lc l c on,
c ti, ch p vn ngh s, cli p con Uiri, khug
c c<nhu vn .
Bo Nhn vn khng tuyu 1>6 r m ch iiu t
nh vv e c gi l suy ngh.
Nhng lm nh vy khng c v khng 1111 !
nh rang trong s lnh o ca ng lao ng
Vit-nam c nhng thiu st, trong vic chp hiili cc
clinh sch ci cch rung t, chnh n t chc, qun
l h khau, V. V... c nhng kliuyt im. Nhng ieu
ng ta ang kim (tim v c gi sa cha. Nhng
nu vi th c nhng khuyt icni v 111 cho rang ton
b ch ta, bn cht ch la l khiit u ch th
rt sai lm. Nhau dn Vit-nam (li s lanh (to ca
tiig lao dng Vit-nam, tri qua hao nhicu nm u
trauh gian kh, ct p irc eli Ihug tr ca d
quc v phong kin miu Bc, lp nen c chnh
quyn dn ch nhu du ca minh, khii cho ai c
quyn nhn. inh h nlnr vy. Nhu (lu Vit-nam
bit r chal quyn (t quc v phong kin Irc kia
hav chinh ([UYCii (lu ch nhu (ln hin nay ci no
c t do (ln ch, v cli min Hc hay che min
Nam, u l u ch tht.
Bn M V Dim hii
* aii
o ra sc vu co v ch
min Bc l khng c t do au ch cho liu cha
the ln^
n luvcu
V CV (te thc hin.
IhiH
n iliat nc nh
c. Chiu' ta kUii* nn mc vo lun iu ca chng.
*
V mt tiu hnh ph bnh, t ph bnh, c tp
(ia phain ma thu v nht l t Nhn vn ai eiiig
thv inv raii: bo Nhan vn v ng Phaix-Khi khng
xeu lcu uhhig vn g c tnh chai phircm cliin,
ng li r rng v? vn. ngli m nmig ve ch trch
c nhn. Bo Xln vn cng kch ch thi it, cng kicl
ta th iiiieu. Bo Nhn vn v ng Phan-Khi khng
em tinh thm ph binl t phe buh auh em, gip uhau
tm sai lam khuyt im e sa cha v cng nhau
lia b. ri li, nng v kch ; c nhng ch khuch
ai vn (t, dng rt nhiu nhng li hn hc, diu
ct, no \ th phm , h phi , no l 11 cnh ,
ti nv, tn ii , V. V...
Trong ch x hi mi miu Bc chng ta, tuu
truyi c ng v thc hin nhng kiu ph binh nh
vy l rl khng hp thi. Chng ta hoan Hhiili nhng
li ph binh xv dng c thin. \f, c li cho cng tc,
c li cho on. kcl, c li clio s nghi p chung. S
phe bnh hiu nay cn cu irc khuyn khi ch nhiu.
Nhmi cbiiig la kin quyt phn i nhng li ph bnh
kcl, c hi cho on kt.
Bo Nhn vn tuvii 1)6 iichr s lul (to
ca Dii lao (M Yil-uam, tlieoch Uha Mc
L-uiii vi tinh thn ilie tia de xc tiu cig cuc
cng c min Bc, thng nht nc nh, n. ng
i n thirc hin x hi ch nha, theo nlur V mun
? V

ca ng, cug l mun, ca nhu (ln ca mrv .

tht l uhiig li vng ngc!
L mt ng vii ng lao ng Vit-nam, li rat
hoan ughiih.
Nhng ch tuyn. b thi khng . Mong cc anh
em Irong bo Nhn vn liv xt li ur ung, )liiroii
php v thi (t ph bnh cii. niuili nh vv c Uurt
ng vi tinh thn ch Lgla Mc L-Iiiu liv khii,
c li cho s iighip Ihii iilii, c lp ca mrc uh
hay khng, hay l kt qu li ngc li.
*
* *

Ton (lu, ton ng ta aii (tng trirc Iilnmg

nhim v lch s 111 lao: phan u cii c ha binh,
thc hiii thug nht nc nli, phn u clu) s pliii
vinh ca T quc, phn au cai thiu v iiu cao i
sng ca ihuu dn. S nghip y rt quan" vinh nhng
cng rt nng n. Trn bvrc (tng tin, ti (t hon
thnh s nghip y, c nhii kli khn, khuyt (tim
l iu kh trnh, c nhng kin khc nhau, tranli
cui vi nliau cug kliug ly lm l. Biu qiuui trii
l chng ta ciin nm vinig iig li clinli sch ca
ng v Chnh ph, Rm vng vu khi l lun Mc
L-nin, J)h bnh t ph hnh mt cch thnh khan v
xy dng, pliii r ng sai, phi Iri, on kt mt
lng, n lc phn u, th mi kh khn khuyt im
u c th khc phc c e i (ten mc ch cliung
ca chng ta.
NGUYN-CIING
Bo Nhn dn9 ngy 25-0-1956
 CC NH VIT BO V CC VN NGH s

T TII )() CNG KIIAI TRN RO BNG, 235

ANH CI EM VN NGHI:: NAM-B LN TIN G :
*

Ch ti l ch u vit, u im l cn bn.
Hn 10 nam nay, chng ta (ta khng chin thng li,
gii phng c na nc v bc u xv dng kinh
t, vi ha. Mi s khuyt im va qua ch l cc h,
tm thi, nli nh khc phc ir*c v bc u
sa cla. tt. Ho Nhn vn ch lv khuyt im lm
(Te ti, v li xuvu tc s U4> tlii phng khuyt iin.
Nhim v ca nlm vn l phi ng viu, gio dc
quan chng on kt, phn khi v tiu tng, ra sc
thc hiu cc cMi tc au tranh cch mng v kin
thit. Ho Nhn vn a khii on kt c qun
chii, khug ng via quan chng thc hin cc
nhim v trc mt m li kch vo nhn dn ta,
4 7

ch t), <y tc dng xu trong quii cliug.

To quc chng ta hiu nay ang b chia ct. ()'
miu Hc cung nh min Xam, nhn (lu ta cu on
kt, cng c hn na lng tiu tng cng nhau u
tranh thc hiu thag nht nirc nh. Nht l b con
troti Xam, sng trong cnli xa xi, cch tr, li b
M Dim bng bt, che du s tht, bo NIli vn l
mt plurng tin cho ch li ng gv s hiu lm
miu Hc, v chia r Bc-Nam. C ln au.il em chag
ti ( 1 ;")]) riiig lioc trong hi ugh cuig t vn
vi bo Xhit vn, vu cu sa clia li thi y,
nhng (1cu s 5, ho N hn vn vn khng tliav i
thi (l.
Climg ti, nhng ngi cng tc vn ngh khng
chiu ir Nani-l, ulnmg C0 1 1 ngi d gp phn tm
huvl ca mui) trong cuc u tranh gii phng n.

245
tc hn 10 nm nay, chng li nhng vic lm c hi
cho s thii nbil T quc nh th*. Lun hum au
tranh phi huy t do dn ch tru nhng nguvn tc
ii an, chii ti phan i thi (t khu xv dii*
ca ho Nhn vn v (ti bo Nln van cliam di ngay
thi c hi y .
Iu kiii trn ay c ch kv ca 237) bn cng
tc vn nghi) Xam-b c mt (V th (t,troag s (t
c cc bn :
Vn, lltr : Hao-iil'-(iiiif, Liru-quv-Kv, Hcli-LAm,
Xuaii-Miu, Il-niu-Xlmi, Huvnh-vai-Ngh, Xguyii-
quang-Sn, oa-Gii, Bi-c-i, Phm-luru-Tmg,
Xua 11-Vu...
Sn khu : Triu - Au, Xguvii - Hc - Ciui, Tm
Danh, Ba I)u, -a, Tliaiih-Hinmg, Lu-chi-Lng,
Thanh-Nha, Xfc-Truyu...
N hc: Xuvn-houi-B, Lu-Cu, N<-Huii,
Xunn-Ma, Dc-Nlum, Phau-Xiimg, Tmi-ThuiU, Nucn-
nc* - Thi, Triii-kit-Tir*ii{, Thauh-Tuyen, Iloni-
Vit...
Nhip nh, in nh : H-vn-Li, Khirng-M,
Xuvii-vaa-IMi, Trn-Phng, V-So*ii.
Hi Iia, (tir khc : Xuyn-Iiiem, Trn-vaii-Lam,
Nuyn-vii-MinVi, Xuvn.-cao-Thiriig, L-Viuh...
Nhn dn, s 1015
ngy 15-12-19f6

180nh ho Il-ni, nhn mt cuc hi hp ti

tr s* Hi nhng ngiri vit bo Vit-nam, ngy ir>-
12-1951), sau khi trao i kin v ho Nhn vn, u
nht tri nhn nh rug :

246
 Mc (lu nhiu t ho gp kiu ph bali xy
di ngay l u, ho Nhn vn t s 1 (tn s 5 vn
vit nhiru bi ni sai s tht, xuyi tc nhiu vn (t
vi (li l)i xu ch (t ta. Vie (t ch c kl qu
l <ay hoiui mang, chia re trong nhII (lu v v cng
phng hi on ciii cuc u tranh ginh thng nht
nc1 nh, lm tn llurng ti UY tiu v danh d ca
ilumg iitri vit ho chm chnh.
Tt c 180 anh em vit bo c mt t i bo
Nhn vn phi chm <ll Uay thi v phng php
tuvm tniyeu xuvn tc (t.

Clui ti, mt s Iiha vn nhu thy :

a) V? cc quan, (lim iih thut VI xu hng khc
nhau cung nh gi Ir ca cc tc phm ngh thut
ng trm ho Nhn vn (t l nhng v n CI1 phi
thao lun lau (li phiU liuv t do tir tng, nhm
naii cao ii tc plim p ii nhung yu cu
chinh (lii ca qun chng.
b) Nhng nhng vn chnh tr sai lm bc l
trn ho Nhn vn t (tu v cng nghim trng trong
nhng s sau t ro mt khuynh hng chnh tr xu
v nguy hi. Mc du (ta c nhiu kin ph bnh
ca quu eluig trn bo, v nhng kin trao i
trong cc cuc gp, ho Nhn vn vn. khng thay i,
cho nen l nhuii ngiri cam bt, chiui ti xt xa
tre nhrni sai lam ca cc bn Nh(n vn, nhng
chng ti rt cng phu trc thi v khuynh
hng chinh tri sai lm y, hou ton tn thnh vic

247
cn phi u tranh nhim khc, mnh m (t chn lai
lc hi ca l)o Nhn vn troug qun chng.
H-ni, ngy 3-1-1956
V-HUY-TM HC-PHI HONG-
TRUNG-THNG - HA-BNG MNG-
SN VN-I - BI-HIN THANH-
TNH BO-V - NGUYN-NC.C BU-
TIN Tl-L - NG-THl-MAI - T-
BCH-HONG - THN-HCYKN-TRN
NGUYKX-IING T-HOI - NGYN-
TUN - NGUYN-HUY-1NG

Bo Nhn 1n lm iri iu chng ti mong

mun. Qua .) s lin tip, bo Nhn vn xuyi tc
s tht, khot lo khuyt im, thm clii dng ln nhug
iu khng c, gieo rc hoi nghi, hoang mang trong
q u i i c h 11'4 c h o c h l i n g , t u v n t r u y n c h n g
ch min Bc, c hi n vic (tu tranh thng
nht nirc nh.
... Nlin 11ly ho Nhn vn c hi nhiu v chnh
tr nh tru chim ni ctn nhng quan, im leli
lc v ngh thut chng ti, nhng ngri vu chu
l v tha thit vi vic xy dng v bo v ch
tt p ca chng ta, kin quyt i bo Nhn vn
phi chm (lt ngav thi sai lm c hi cho cn
cuc lu (ranh thug nht nc uh .
NAM-TRN, PHAN-THAO, KHNG-IIU-
OXG, T - HANH, NGUYN - VN - BNG,
THINH - BNG, PHAN - HUNH - DIK,
VN-DNG, MCH-QUANG, VNG-L1NH,
NGUYN-NGC, KIM-NG...
Nhn dn s 1016 ngy 16-12-1956

248
T CC NI, QUN CHNG G i BI V CC BO
PHN I BN PH HOI.
CC SO KH NG CH NG,
NH PH I XIN LI

T h xcm m c hp t h , tr li bn (tc c a mt
vi l bo lc l)v <<> :

HP TH

Ch t m
n ti a nhn itir*c
hi v tranh ve vch
,
mt hu ph hoi Xhn vn Giai plm c a cc bn :
Dui-Qumi, Vironi^-N^avii, T - n , IMim-Th v Chc,
P h m -k h e-T h im , Nam-Iiiili, Xuyu-lh-lmi, Nhir-
Ili, L - q u - l i p , T r n h - T h n h , Le- iig-llii, Bo-
t r n g -T , n g - n g c - L n , V -h n g -Q u a u g , Nuyii-
t ig - N g l, X i i y n - I h - T l i n . X in cm <m c c bn,
chng ti se x dng.

C C R X K K X PHN D RO NN VN
( T I 1 ) N B O N . i X DN

3 ( hc siali phn on I, tririi* XOi n< Cn

h v cng nhn nhu viii c q uau X 28 on vin
v thanh li Iroii c! (ton lliaiih aiii lao ng Tng
cng tv ai hai s:\ii 5 thauli niu troug l) ph II
nh m v T o n g cng l nng hi s n T o n th on
v i n v thanh niu phng giao i 1 4 cn b B ti

249
chnh 20 gio s trng S phm trung cp trung
i -- cii (ton Bon cii lc tmi lau Ton ili?
thanli ni n s VUI ha H-n 80 nam n thanh mn
chi on thanh nin lao (iig Tong klo Vaii-uM.
Toui the (tou vin v thanh uieu cli on Viin phng
B ao thng v biru iu Gi (ton viii v thanh
nin clii on thanh nin iao ng Viu iuhii cu
thi nghim B cng nghip Tng cm* iihn. nh inav
lnh thuc Tnq cng ty hrng thc 5 sin.il via Di
hc s phm 110 on viii cng (ton in nh chi
nhnh H-iii Thay mt 17 anh em S mui trung
ag : Gim c Le-Ti Ton the anl ch cni iroiig
Cm* on vt liu trc thuc Cii on co* (UUI Tng
i cng trnh ng st 'M) cu h miu Xam ti
Phng ti v, Phng qun [r B io (lc 10 hc
sinh Tnrimg kv thut trung cp II 28 on VII thanh
niu lao ng Bi vn cng nhm du Xai-b 583
thanh iieu ti cng tnrn Xng lm trung cp Iruiig
irong 17 auh em cng nhn, nhan vi cu tliiv miU 85
on vien. cng on s thu tru 11*4 i l) M
ch h di 340 cn b cng nhau vii v hc vin
treu 30 dan tc aug hc tnrii cn. h (lau tc trung
ng 40 cn b, nhn vin phng k ton Tng cX
ty lng thc trung iig f)3 on VC11 thanh Iiiu
Tng cc luru in 16 thanh iin ti va 11 phng Th
tng ph i diu ta son bo Xii nghip, luvn-
Thanh Bi din ta son tp san Xii lam, Thi-
vn-Ngha i diu b phn tuyii Iruvn Bi diu
Nh xut ln Nng lm - L-m-Xguyii, i in t
in nh 10 anh ch em thanh nin Vn phng B
nng lm ,V2 cng Iihu cc nha in t thnh ph
Nam-uh 100 cn b nhn viu * Ph th tng
180 on viu cng on B lao ng 9 thng binh
nm phn vin 9 250 cn b lp s cp k thut
thuc B thy li, kin, trc,

250
 RN DC THAM GA DU TRANH CIIXG
BX PH HOI XIIX VAX GII P IIA M
Mai-Tnl, l) (li Pli-th; hil-klie-Ban*', M U
tra lo ([Uc Pli-th ; Le-vai-Tuvi, thu v Nam-
(iiih ; Tlii-Yii-lom, Tv cii thng Tiiai-iiuvMi ;
Quc-lu) v Pltm-oDi, h i H-ni ; L-Xhu,
lp tc xa Kin-an ; Nguvii-ii-O, Ty thv li Yu-
])i ; Quaii-Tririi, trng Y t H-ni ; Nguvii-
trng-Olurng, h i ]iac-ivinli ; L-Yet-Pban, ^io
vin. Iririi 0!iaii-lum< ; l)iiih-vii~O|), 1)0 i il-
11 ; Do-Hc-Thip, cng nuui nl ii v hau cai
cch rui t tnuig inrn.fi ; L-lrmi-Kiu, b i Plic-
yn ; Vo-vit-Hng, hc sinh Il-ui ; N^uvii-Chi,
Rng (lau xa Vit-cirii ; Thiu-kim-Chung, hc sinh
Siv-ty ; Nguya-Bii, en nhu Nh mv Ha-bah ;
Hi-KhuYcii, Nh niv (tiu Vinh; Vu-ngc-Iiivh, H-
ni ; Aiih-Iuv, Cc duvn gia ; Xgc-li, tnriig k
iliut Xhi {iao thng ; Truii-riuiia, trircViif X ii hng
Hai-phiu ; Xuu-Cong, Hiriig-yu ; V-Mai, h (ti
Th-iLiivt>!i; Triu-Kin, l-luh ; Nguyii-thi-Khai,
Can<4 IIai-)hn.g ; Le-Phan, b i Il-n^ ; D-miih-
Ngc, hc sinh Nam-mli ; Vmh-IIi), uli my Hong-
vu-Tii Tluti-nguyn ; oiig-irng, l) i Il-ui ;
Ihu-CmVe, b i Yn-bi; Mng-Hui v lii-vaii-
Lv, Ii-ui ; Phm-khc-Tliim, H-ni ;
b i Thi-lmih ; H-Xam, l) i Il-ni ; Xguyn-
An, Plu-tli ; Thih-Be, l) (i Thii-Ii*vcii.

251
CNG BN C THAN GIA DU TRANH CHNG
BN PH h o i NN VN - GIAI P M
L.T.S* Chng ti nhn dc nhiu bi ca bn
c khp ni g v tham gia CIC du tranh chSnc bn
ph hoi Nhn vn Giai pha 1 1 1 . Chnq (i rt hoan
nqhnh cc bn. Sau y l danh sch v a ch cc
bn gt bi v i ta bo :

Tn-Vn, on u my l-ni ; Trau-vn-c,

K.T.V. xe lra Il-Iii ; Nguyu-Li, Xii CO khi iu
nh; Nguyn-tin-m, Ta im nhan (ln Ph - th ;
L-l>-Siy, b (li Nh-an ; Xiiyeu-huy-Lini, Trtrug
c n b V t t r u n g t r im g ; N u v n - ] ) - K 1i n , h i I l -
ui ; Phau-xua-Siiih, Xug ng tu ni-pliii' ; T-
vn-Clc, Khu ^io dc Lii khu . ; L-Qu, cng au
khu Hai B H-ni ; Trii-qiuing-Lc, Trng i
hc bch khoa ; Ng-chu-Thin, b i Scm-tav ; Iloug-
Danh, Trng cu b thcrng nghip ; Xuyi-Luiig,
V.T.D. Cng Hi-phng ; Xni-Phtm, huyn. Thauli-
miu, Hai-dag ; Phtm-vn-Ilicii, Toii cc hu iu;
o-vit-Thnh b i Vah-ya ; Trng-Loan, viu
cng quan i; Nguyn-Huyen, b (ti il-Ri; Xuvu-
thnh-uh, trng min Xam Ili-)lin.<; Nivn-
Mng v L-vii-Tin, nng n Il-tnli ; Biah-van-
Pht, trirng ngliip v Gia-lm ; Miih-o, 1> r
H-n ; Nguyii-truug-Nho, B giao thig bu in ;
Vv-Xim, Cng ty lm th sau Lng-scm ; Nguvn-luTu-
M, b i H-ni; Phani-vii-Nng, hc sinh trng

252
Miuh-tu ; Triiq-Bit, b i H-tnh ; Nguyii-tua-
Dni*, Iruoi pi ihi cap 1 Niiih-biiih; IIoii-Phu,
Nh mv irii Il-ni; Aiili-Vu, b i Il-Ri ; lhih-
Xiuvn, Ty n.i M^lii) Yeu-bi ; Trn-vin-Biih,
Tririi d.i HC sir |)!iin ; Cui-Klie, 13 Hug o Il -
n i ; Thanh Ba, b <1i l-tu h ; Hiivuli-Lp, Uv ban
k hoch Iiai-do; Th-Miui, tuyn huii Xam-uh;
11(K1U<4-S m, Im) di Yiih-vn. ; L-PhUi, l) i Il-Ri ;
L -v a i-L u i,
tu\vii huan. Tuvu-lm ; Vn-Nhiu,
I\ 173 Plu-th ; Truvmg-Chi, bnh \i(ya Il-iii ;
Xgc-Diu, I)) i Xam-iih ; Tan-Tli v Phan-lumh-
Mv, H-ni ; Ti\:Hi-luii**X<4ii, Tnrii i;oi ng; Bo-
n<c-Thi>, cii <4 Lihi nh iii v baiL ci cch rung
t trung inmg ; IIoui-liu-Toi, gio viu Thiu-ha;
L-kliui-Chi V.X.T.T.X ; Xjuvcn-him-Tlrc\ bnh vin
Than li-la; T rn l-q u o IIy (V V in h ; Trn-c-K, h
i Mochtt ; n^hU-Phoiig, b i ug-hi ;
Bnh-lur:i;-S:m, (V Nghan ; ("ao-Min.il, b i Mc-
cliu ; Xi>u\n~(/trii, Tng cni tv bch ha ; Bug-
vn-Do, lUYii V Yn-th lc-gang ; Phan, Trng
lc quan Vict-nam ; Trii-Giaug, b i H-iig ;
L-hi-An, Tririmg Nguvi-i - Quc ; Plim-thauh-
Xuvt, Tieu l)au gio c khoa hc truns U0 iig;
Hunh-vii-Chu, thanh iiii trung ng ; Niuyn-tm-
Th, IIoii-Trim v Nguyn-gip-Tu va mt s sinh
viu Vil-uam ti Trmig-qtic ; IMian-iili-Viiih thi x
Vinh ; Trau-Tlianh, Tnriig i hc tng hp ; Vi-ngc-
Biili, 12 ph Thy-kliu, H-ni ; Thanh-IIirii, H-
ni ; X^uviM-liiiv-Uiil, 01) Thi-sch Il-ni ; Xguvii-
vn-Tu, Trng pho tliiU cp 1 Gia-lAm ; iuh-thuh-
'Clurug, tnrng pho llng cap 2 Bc-en ; Trn-luTu-
Ciru, h i Ym-]>i ; Plian-tiuh-M iiih, b i Yeu-bi ;
Tre-Chi, h i Xglr-an ; L-ng-Sn<4, l) i Lo-
cai. (cii ui)
 T H NTxHE T I X G NI C A M T V
A N H CH 1M CNG N H N

ii ph hoi (CX ln nn (ini phmy> (la di

ngum* vi s tieu b ca (lan tc, phan. li quy cu 10*1
ca nlu (lu lao iig, ph nlin. lluh qua rch mng,
b i (en che , n i xau v k i d i cc n h lanh o
cch niii. Mt (tiu rai r rl l ke no i n^irc li
bnh xo lch s li nht (tnh s bi nghiii ii.
Chng chng qua lliir mt u nhng xanh hm vo
bnh xc lch s, bnh xe ch y
<V u, c o a Iihii
* * thi l)
nghin nt. lii nay c nirc ai liv eII (toi kt xiuig
([Iian.il Bng, giai cp CH iihi (tang lao tn<4 quen,
m u h s a u x u t n g y (tm e x v dn<j[ m i n B c t i e u (lau
lii x hi ch ngha, lm c s cho cng cuc u tranh
thng nhai iiirc Iili, th bn Nhn vn Giai plm
l v ngc clio minh l cch mng ilt, cho m nh l
u tranh cho ha bnh t co thc s! V i nhng lun
iu y auli em cng nhu ciiiug li phn bit r riuif
lm ri, trng on qu r rt ri ! Luu ctiu cu ric l
y khLig th la bp ir*c ui u.
V i bn phn li tthii (lu, phn li cch mng
n h v y , e h m u l a c a n c u l i iic k h u g n h h i l h i n
uav m C11 troii thi gittii di, khi cuc au iraali giai
cp * nc ta cha xong.
X(u VN-VN-TIKX
(T h tin my nc)
Th d, ngy 26-4-58.

Chng (a l)p mo s Ihc, hoc xuvn tc, thi

phH kliuvl iein, c vu khi, hi (1(U d i? <1() ta,
dng mi Uiii iu hi xi gic qum chng chong li
ch , ph lioi c ii cuc lliiu* nlt T <|UC.

254
 N lm g bi, chuvu, Ih (t ng trong bo Nhn
IXU (iii phu )>, v mt s bi trong tp Bi tli
trn h >), d u iv ii Bii m y ca Miuh-Hong l
mi (icii hinli cao (i v v i c bi nh iai cp cng
nhan v )ii hoi mi tnh hu ngh qu bu giii la
v cc (tng rhi d iu v ii gia...
L Iiluriii* uuiri nhn, mc du liiii li elui'*
ti Uivl cliac 1 iii4 ^iai cp mnh cn phai chiu ttii
uhieu thiu thon, kh khi nhng vn ang hang
hi xai i tay, maii sc c ra xay tlimg ch x hi,
nt>II chng ti ral plian n khi tliy c uhi hii tuv
in/e Ciiih |)hu v )aii hcl sc gip il , eiK) cai l
tin, h, iiHui ohin li CUIV li cl.i^ (ti v tim mi
cch ph hoi cch mng l)?ui mi hin.il thc.
Di vi nlCmi; ke , clu ti vu cu n 1 1 SI1 1
sm c mt l)i(*ii )l)|) thich (tng ip cho elmg
chii cai lo (lirc nii ngiri tt.
CNG-TO
(Cng nhn nh my c kh
Trn-Hng-o H-ni).
Thu 9 11-4-1958.

II<m I1I nam qua, tu* UnViU phn (tng ca Xln

vn Giai plu b Iiuui cnh co nghim khc,
nhimg cho n 11IV n cn len li sng li, ca lung
on, C1 ph hoi cliig ta. Khng phi <( u tranh
cho l ( lo , k h i i p h a i ( v n U h v n H h i c )) \ c
u ; ri tlr l lun v, th van v ngoi mMi lun
lu u Hi vi quii clui, v B an g thc ra n l l
lun, tho* vii phan n<4, nlim ngn cn, ph hoi bc
tiu ca n tc ta thi. Quan elmg l ai, c phi l
chng ti nhng dn cy, th thuyci troug c nhng
ngi cng liii cii a niv nuro*i im kh cc trn
b i i Liv m n g v u a v m i c B u n g , c C h i i h p h
em li cho hnh phc tiri vui? ng l ai, c phi
l iigiri t chc, lnli o cluig ti t nliag ngv
inh CII Su kho, nhi.'4 nm klini chin, v tr aav
kin thil al nirc I^iu mnh cho lon (lu suiig
stnVni? B 11lMum-Kh, Tnrii-Tru, Nguyii-hVu-Baiig
lu nay ct kicli kbng lic li vo ch chng ta,
chiui u phi l vii lh, l tri tlic ca nhn (lu
chng la? Chng ii CI xu thm mt lu xu nh Tru-
Dan, L-t, g na de lm tho, vit vn x xiu chi
ng rong khi lao ii chng ta tm ht cch nv
cch klic em sc mnh, ti mnh ra kiu thit, hu
gn vet thng ca t nc. IA rng l giai cp cng
nhn chng ta hn li thi chng 11 khot ra, chui
ta (UVii ln th chng 11 k gi co xuug cho (l,
cho sp. Khng the c mt ng chng ti th llil lirii
buc bi.uig lam vic Ciio giai cp, cho dn tc m CI
mt hng ngi khii lm g ch li, li (lm )ha
x xiu nioii* ph hoi thnh qu y i. Tirug ti (len
lc phi Uiii lav (li vi elmg 11, kh!i4 tha tli
nung chiu mai trc nfra.
THN-TH-TUYT
(Cng nhn (Lng Iln-phng)

. . . C h n g li l cn nhan nh my X a m - n h ,
h n g g i l i i g p h t thi iu i s n x u a i , s a o c h o iilii. u
tlim y qun, o lnh lau, chm lo lng si l
si vi, sao cho c lt, c nhiu. Th m bon,
cNhn vn Giai lm du khug bit gi lii kh
khau, C11 ve mm vu co, xuyii tc, ph h o i , thi
llr hi hu l l ci hng ngiri g trong ch (t chiug
ta m klug c nhTni hin php tlit tliich ng ?
THN-DANG- CHNH
X&ng t Nh my dt Nam-nh

Ilin nay, trong lc Iilui au (aiit liang S iv san

xual, (lang ilit lirn buc bn (te kin lliit, xy (iig
i sng ca miili, (liri s liih o sng sut ca
ang, th m bn Nlun vn Giai pl A) (t ii ii
trong chc v, Irou lnh vc hot ng ca chng t
)h hoi ln na, Ih vu cu ng v Chnh ph c
thi thcli ng vi chng.
Vic rng rai khoan hng trong thi gian qua, chug
t chng ta mui chng hi ci, chng t ch chng
la nhn o ; nlnmg nhu o ktoan hng vi nhig
iigi bict hi li, bit phc thiu, C11 i vi bii
ph hoi Nhan vn Giai phm , Lilit l i vi
nhhi tn u s, thi can. phiu uglim khc trng Ir
e trnh nhng lu (ii tai hi ve l tirug cho nhu
ilii sau nv.
Mt s cng nhn
Xi nghip Drc pha tu

Tii ulnTig sai lam mim ngoi ca bn cluiug n

ctirc sa cha, ai ng' li hiu li ph pheli, lrtii on
nguv liieni, llii cn ch i gi m kling dug bin
php thch ng chn clit n xung? Anh cni Ih
111 chng ta cuc thun cho (lt urr, khng phai
ri nghe chng 11 vu co, ph pheli. Chiitg n c bit,
])ao nhiu lp ngi ng xung m c ham m Iiy
nay khng, m cn hng ph i, bi xu ngiri th
mi la lm ch ulum ca chng ta?
C()in m r v , g i y b t u m c h o cliiLU li p l c (ti
vit bv, ve l>y ?
PIM *HNG
M H-lam

. . . Niihi moii niuii tha t h i t mre nh (lum*

chng thng nht ca chng ti, ca iu bo m iii
Nam, nlnrni thnh lch to lii ca ou bo micn Be,
bn. etn bt trong nhm Nhn v Giai phm
ni ln dc L no chua? Ilo Ihirnii la ln l
i tm ci mi , nhn ci mi ca li ch l < i Ticug
so tiii kip , Oii Xm Chut, v.v... hng hi nh
ch , la bp nhu dn.
Chng ti 11111611 hi ha ph hoi Nhn vun
Giai phm c bit ti sao ix ay ho ch v (ti pht
thanh ca M v 1)011 tav sai kliii iut Cii lii Pluui-
Klii, Trir<mg-Tu, V. V... v nhfm. bi ho ca Nhn
vn Giai p h (m irc ii li tr*11 nhiu bo *
min Xam ?
Bn ph hoi ((Nhn VUI phi c lliv
r n g n h ii li u h n g c a b n h v a q u a a l m tn
thi (lu s Iiliip (lau nmli cho tliHL nhil mrc
nh, h da gip thm cho Mv v 1)011 tnv sai nliii t111
ko di thi im chia ct linh cm aa cliiv<4 ti, h
thy clura ?
 Chng ti mun ni vi bn ph hoi }hn n
Giai pham raiig: nhng huli iig b i, ln sng ca
h khng the nao la bp c nhau (lau v xa m
ni ihiili tch eii nhan, u u. V s tht vu l
s tht. Cch lm ca lx d b nhn (lu vch mt v
l n 11.
Chng ti va can Chinh ph c hiu php thch
ng e ngn chn Iihig hot ng ph hoi ca
clim li.
V-DUY-TIN
Cn I) min Nam tp kt
Cng (lon xy ng c bn Vit-nam
(Nhn dn, ngy 17-5-58)

. . . CA MT VI ANI CH EM NNG DN . . .
. . . Chng ti l uug dn, trnh vn ha cn
thp, chng li nt yu vu ngh, nhng t mnh thv
cha lm c. Cho Hn khi nghe ni n Hi nh vn
ca chng ta, hoc nhng ngi lm cng tc vn ngh
ca chng ta, chng ti cm thy qu mu v tin tng
v cng. V nhng ngi thav mt chng ti
gin tip ni la s tht trn bo chi, Hi ln lng phn
khi v liu tug tuyt i ca chnt ti i vi ng,
vi Chnh ph, vi ch , ni c bn cht s tht
v i sng Yt chl v tinh thu ca uug dn sau
ci cch rurtg i... lvling ng rng c mt bn mung
anh vn ngl* s Ivhn thy tirc s tht, cn
truyn. b ci vn clnrng li llii, phau ng ca chng
cho Uiri khc.
Chui ti e ugl Hi nh vn khai tr chng ra
khi hi, t xy mt 11011 vn Iigli lnh mnh
p ii4 dc ulni cu ca quan. chng, (ul sacli
nhng t lng i bi trong vn. hc v ngh tluit,
v yu cu Chinh ph *c biu php trmg tr Ihch
ng bn cm u Nhn vn Giai plhn dng
ngi bt bi en ch v ni imru ph hoi 111ieu
Bc chng ta.
NC.UYN-MNG v L-VN-TIHN
X Trng-lc, huvn Can-c, H-tnh
(Nhn dn, s 1508, ngy 28-1-58)

. . . CA B() BI
Nhn dn v b i Tv-Bc chui li ral vu m:u
cc bn sinh vin i hc. Bt ai Tav-Bc rl mau
m v giu p. Chng ti tlurmg nioiu clo c mi
ngy c ti) n nhfrug Iii bn sinh vin ln
khai thc m vng V11-v11, m ch T-l, m st sii
, v hoang nhng cch ng Bii-biii, MircYm*-thanh
bt ngt... Rt iliicu iig ho chng ti cn ehira c
ch c, nht l ng ho YII biu gii, vui
ro cao. Chng ti hy vng dc emg cc bn SMI
vin tham gia vic nng cao i sng vn ha cho ig
bo cc u tc...
Chng ti khiig sao na ni lng cm phau klii
c bit it iihiu nlurug hanh (tng ph hoi tnrii
i lic ca Trircmg-Tu mt tn bi bt ca bn
t-rt-kit tnrc kia. ii khoan hiig bao iliiu
ti c ca liii, li hn t ba en ln, tha th cho
hn c ci qu kh nh ah) v li cn gio (lc, cho
dy trmVng i hc. Tht khng cng <m no bng.
NlnTiig con. co (l i lt g ciig vn li ci ui
c o n c o . N h n g bi ni c h u v ii ve th c cht k h u v i ih
hng chnh tr phan ng ca nhm <xNhn U

260
Giai pham (la gip chng li khng nhng vch (tirc
ci cltii plin n ca Tnrn.L-TTn.1 m cn. lt trn
ci mt n lo-rt-kit i li Mc L ca hn.
D n g h o T l i olnui<4 ti c c u n i :
Brni \\hv li vil, nghe li vt th mt trmg.
nu Hlu* li g, nghe li g th mt vn .
Ti xiu thm mt cu nhn nh cc bn sinh vin:
Dni hc li Tr<m<-Tru, nghe li Trircrng-
Tiru th ml mrr .
CAM-PHI
B i Ty-Bc
(Qun i nhn dn , s 443, ngy 2-5-58)

... L nhung chiu s chin u cho quyn li dn

tc, cho cli Jij4lia xa hi, chng li cu bit r thng
u, cam hc. Chng ti rt mn nhng nh vn ngh
s , n.luTiU* Ii<i a clit V bi (hrii cho tnh cm c a
chng ti. Chng ti c cc ng ch vn ngh s y
len a v rt qu mu.
Nhng 1)011 Trii-Dn, Homg-Gani, T-Phc bi
nh cirng v vn ngh s b i, ct phan li nguyn
vng ca chng li, phn li cii n ca ng, ca
dn tc. T nhng i i theo Bng v quu i,
chng l)i hc tt c. Chng cng vi bn u s
ph hoi ((Nli vn Giai p<m m mu hot ng
chn li Dm, quu i v nhn (ln. Chii a tr*
thuih nhng ke ti liu, h bi v phau hi v mt chinh
t r , tnV v vi b n cht c a ai CH) cu. Bug nhng
bi VV u c, chng nuiix chng ta s b mc tiu
pliuu (lau ca minh, thiu tiu tng tin < 1 v i

261
ca T qufc, hnh phc tirng lai ti p ca dn
tc (lo Dii lanh ao, lc long vo con irimg ca
chng' con irii y ti c.
CH-TIIANII-TM
(Qihrt di nhn dn, s 443, ngy 2-5-58)

... Ai cu nh rt r rng bt au t khi ha l)uh

lp li, quau i ta chuven. ve thi, )aug rt sng
sut d kin nhii chuyn bin l tng mi troug
cn 1)0 , chin s ton qitm cii uhu* cn b cc CY
quan chnh quyn, (lon the, lil sc gio c (le i
riVi! nhng ri rt ca nlifmg tir ti quc phong
kin, cuii nh (1e >1lng ln eug mi ca t tng
t san. Ton qun chp hnh v tip thu s io
dc mt cch nghim chah, gi vng v pht
huy truyn thii tt () ca niiih. Nhng bn Tru-
I)n, Hong-Cam, T-Plie... tp hp tron^ nhm C(Nln
vn Giai plhn )> , mi bn c gc l a ch, u* san,
l vn ngh s (la c mt qu trnh vt virii, trv lc,
khng tip thu Ri s gio (lc (t* I) chng a
theo khng chiu mt llii gian, c Dang, Chnh ph,
quan i v nhn u tn eiig cai to gio dc, nhng
khi ha hnh lp li th chng tr v uiiiy vi lip
s c hu ca giai cp sinh e ra chng, v khi
cch mng chuya bc tiu la, chng phn ng
mt cch (tin cuii. V vv lm sao chuig c th ph
hp tre vi chui ta troug mt plurng diu t Uriig,
chinh tri, ngh thul va c trong (ti sng hug nnv.
ON-THANH-CHU
B (li l-ni
(()u/i di nhn dn , s 413, ngy 2-5-58)

2629
 ... L mt qun nhn (t tng phn khi trc
nhng thnh tu to ln ca cng cuc phi triu vn
ha, t ho1'1 mt nam nay, ti khng khi lo lng v
phau n tnrc s lii (lou t chc, au c itr tiriig
ca nhm ph hoi Nhn vn Giai phtun trong
nhn tlii.
.. .Trong khi niiea Bc ang chuyn sang mt giai
oan cch mng mi, nhim vu ca chiu ta l bo v
s mliip v (ti ca cch mng, bao v s trong sng
ca clu iiilii Mc L-Iiiii, p tan. mi m niiru
luu (tiru ch Bang, chng nhn (lan., chng ch
Uha xa hi. P h ir m g Iigii c c u : C( Ch c sa, xe
van c l i m )). 1I ph hoi (( Nhn vn Giai phm ))...
ngoan, c niu li bnh xe lch s, nht nh kh 11 trnh
khi b ughien. nl ra nh cm, trc s cm phu v
nguyM ra ca nhu n. v qun i chng la.
PHM-C H-N HN
B i H-n
(Qun i nhn dn, s 443, ngy 2-5-1938)

. . . CA SINH VIN, HC SINH

Nc c ca nhm ( Nhn vn a tim vo mt
s sinh vin nii hoi nghi thuh mt quv lut ,
((c hoi iiih mi l tri thc ... cho Iin mt s ngi
cha hc lp, nghin cu chinh sch ca Bng v Chnh
ph vi ki liui: Coi chng li sai na v ma
mai sai lam ri li sa ch g !
Gi t (lo Bi hc m mt s sinh vin (c
Trn-e-Tho, Tnr<mg~T*u o to nu) it i hi,
la t (lo v kv lut, t do ph hoi, V. V... H i ci
t do kiu d quc M ......................... , , , . .

263
 * *

Ghiig la phai p tan khuynh htrug t do theo

kiu Nhn vn G iai phm v sn shi (tem h
c, tri lim (lang clio nhan du, (iug cho Bang, lao
ii quen minh, chiu (tu cho ch ngha x hi Ihiih
cng.
L-MU-HN
Sinh vin i hc Tng hp
( T h i , v gy 1! 1-1958)

.... Phi Iii thng vo mt bn Nluin vn Giai

phni rng, cch mn<4 khng hao gi cho chng
ph hoi u, Ti c ca chng ngv nay em ra nh
sng, ai cung ph nh ri
L nhng hc sinh mi trong ch tt p ca
chng ta, chng ti v cng cm phn trirc mu 111
(len li cr. chng. Chu<4 ti ln tiii, ahiig iiiri
gi l ((thy bit rxix, chng ti su sng cii
vi nhn (ln, cng vi nuh io dc, vch trau mt
Iri Ihi tha chi my thy )) ra, vi 1)0 m(t ni lliy
l phm cch mng, eiii* ch , lam en ti tri
tn ca hc sinh cling ti (ti m thi.
THANH-TUN
Ioc sinh I - n i

Sng Iroiig lii* ca T quc ang xy (lng C11

ngha x hi, sng trong str trng thnh niau chng
ca nn i hc Vit-nam, sn c lng tiu tag v hoi
bo ln lao ca tui tr, chng ti kliig vui, khag

264
phn khi sao (irv! Cimig li nh I U!\nj v tin hir<Vo
ve Unmi*n hu (liv
V x11 lau v !uiv !ioim.(
Xlini..., c mt ci ^i Iian. chi' mat, c!u birc
clniiL li. Ci (l l luoii lir UnVi ( Nl van Giai
h ii i) v a xihl (tau l ( l i m iilur m t c o n (tc tim
ccli len li qua kho ca trirm* (i hc e lm (lt
sni )>v chii cV (ta tm clirc at sng .
Iv gi', ch ii ti tlurii Mi vi n h a u r i :
<( Nhnrt ngy Nhn r n ~ (in pum ([lia l
nlnig ngy hao tp <v i hc .
Cung phai ni n<av ram* Xln vn tm irc
(( (lt sn (V i hc rat l (lo chng li lc
cn ngy th v chnh tr, dm [ li, pli (lng cn
cha thv (tum* (la lm ca nhhi niri cl Irinm
ra (( N hn vn Giai plm . Chnh v the m N hn
vn Giai ph (t luii honh , a ra oai lc
qui (UC mt thi iau kh lu (V i hc...
... M a y t h n <4 c u i 1ur>{>, X h i v n G i a i p h m
Iihir con ch (l, (iiY CUOIII lng ln tron^ r ii (ti
hc hng gav mt biMi elutyii l(Vu ' i hc cfiiii
nhir chng a tr 11l ch mt biu ii* la (V miu
Hc cliion t.
Nhng b lu Nhn vn Giai phim (lu lm hi
ton nham. Sinh vii Vit-nam
vn sii c mi IruvOii
thng vu nirT li 11*0*0 s gio (lc ca Yv tiu
phoi<*, c a o n t h a n h n i a l a o (l, u (lau (la t i a y
r b mt giun c, iiiy liem ca Nhn van Giai
plm cung nhu* bu qu kinh t*m cii u.
S a u h n m t UU111 q u a , nhai l s a u *t h c t p
chin h tr va ri, sinh vii o h iu u ti <1 (lp nt
( Nhn van - - Giai
< pli . . .
T - n N lM l N G
Sinh vin trng di he tSn^ lp
(Bo Tin i>hong9 s 276, ngy 2-1-58),
CC NH GIO

Bn ngi trong Nhn vn Giai phm klui

phi ch cta tliuuii l nhimg iiri t cao l (li, iiur
ti van tirng. B u h l nhiii tiu ca ci ch ngha
xl li m lch sr xay (lii ch ngha x hi <ta ln
u t na tl k nay. NI un 1*4 nirri y chH qua ch l
ca ha Bc-stanh, Cau-ski, Bp-a-nop,
h l iihfru< ke (tiit hanh vi bn. inh-Liiih, T ru ii
Xi-h, Plii Tuvct-phoii^, Gkm^-Phoi (V Tnnu>-qu(\
H luu luu khoc o mc-xt, lun. lun nhc
n ulnnig li Hi ca n<4-gu*n, ca L-niii,
kv thc h ch ch c lii (te be queo d niha Mc
L-iii, CIII.I lm ba 1 ninh Ironi ihiiu cuc lau
cng b i vo thnh tri cch mii. l h luH, ku la
ch ta thiu t (lo, thiu (lu ch ; bi CiV*h nv liiv
cch khc h ehig li elniYn chinh v san, chV li
s lanh o ca tii*, i tra li quyii diu khicii
chuyn mn cho nhng ngi CII tc chuvn mn ;
h ko l), ko phi, cl kch nhirii ang vin, Iiliig
cn l) tch cc, hi nh ch (l, tuv nug h vn c
xoen xot ni : (( Chu s knh (tao ca Diui lao ng
Vit-nam .

111 Xhnvn Giai phm i chiih lv cp

bch nhng quau h sau xut mi ; h phu nhn s
lnh o ca ng m h cho l sai l km ci ,
l t( hp hi, b , h cho rii a (lii lc phai
sa thi nhng nh luli o . Sa thi nlnmg iili lanh
o ri, iha th bi ai ? Bng cc tng trong
Nhn vn Giai phtn ? Hay i hng mt th chnh
quyn thc dn tir bn. no khc ? Mc au h v Iie
t uhii l a nhng quan. ta CUI thi (ti )>l chng
nhn v mi mt hot ng cua ng trirc ta im
lich s nglia i nhn u cung vn sng sut m
nhn thy h mt bn ngi mun chng li quyn
li ca nhn (ln, cn du lc, ca T quc, chng
li s lnh o ca Bng, ca Chnh ph, ca Mt trn
u tc thng nht. Vi ai ny v ngay c h na,
nu h khng b nhng t lug phn ng clii phi
u phi nhn r ili ai b l thc dn a b tng c
ra ngoi t nc, nh ai nhn. dn. Vit-nam c Ih
gii khm phc, nh ai nn i km b xa b v
cn bn trn ton miu Bc, nh ai mt nn vn ha
dn tc ng c xy dng huv hong, nh ai T
quc thn yu ca chng ta (tug mnh (ln tin bc
tru con. ng xv (lng ch ngha x hi? H khng
phi Iihng thnh tich ln lao ca nhn (ln ta i
s liih o eii Dii, ('.hnh ph v Mt Irui hav suo?
l iu lon the nliu n u bit, c th gii tin
1)0 u bit.
Ngc li, ch c bn Nhn vn Giai phm
phn ng l gieo hoang mang troug nhu dn bng
nhng s kch lung tung, bi nh ch . R
rng l h rp tm ko li lch s li nhng ngv en
ti (V di quyn, 11011 ca bu ( quc thc dn,
ca bu ia ch ca ho, ca bn t bn. ch k!
Gio s NGUYN-LN
Tr ng i hc s p! nm
((ru-quc, 13-1-1958)

... Nhm Xhn vn Giai plm da vo

vn ngli v bt u t vn ngh hot ng chnh
tr chng i vi Bng, Nh nc v nhn dn. Cho
nn, nhm Nhn vn Giai phm cng ly trng
i hc lm mt ia bn hot ng chnh v mun

267
bin tnrtmg
o ai
hoc
thnh mt
booii*
n - kc chng
n
i lr * n lu l v c van ha, khoa hc* v t s a iu *

chiiil tri.
DircVi nhiu hnh tlc : ging dy cii khai, vit
bo, diu u t (lo, t clic vav cnh, v.v... II (a
thc t lm iiiih hng n mi s iao sir, cu l),
siul viii. Do thc t (ta gy hi khii nh. (4I1
ni mt (tiem quan trng nhl l h a lm st m
truveu thSng on kt nlil tri, y chia ro, mu thun
gia gio sir, sinh vin, cu b. Nh vv o lm suy
yu
V liro
hrmig
o vii
n chc ca leu khoa hoc hin
ai,

nh lc lirug o to cu b phc v elio cm cuc
xy (img T quc tiu lo. CO11 ircmg xa lii ch ngha
nvin Rc v (tu tranh thii nht Bc Nam Iri c
s (tc lp v n ch. H a lug lm phai m tiil
thn ve11 nc trong sn, clin chnh x hi cli niiha
cm cc ca b a l)ao lu nay, i trong khm* diiii
gian kl a tn ty phc v cch mng, phc v nhm
dn Iru lnh vc vn ha, khoa hc (liri l c cun
ch n^hi Mc L-nin chu chiiih.
Cho 11U cuc u traul vch trn nhm NI(U
vn Giai phm khng nTumg tron ln h vc vn
agh m c Bi hc, khii ih ii ve ([UMLI um
vn ngh, hc tliut, m c trn ln h vc chinh Ir, c
mt ngha su sc.
Bi vi trng i hc, vi gio c ly lun, (tao
to cu b ngv mai cho xa hi mi, vch Iran cc
khuynh hng, quan im ngy tr ci ch ngha xt
li, l bo v s troii sng ca ch Uiia Mc
L-uin, ehi* l bo v s on kt nht tr gia
gio st cn b, siuh vin Iroii ml l chc vn ha,
khoa hc tiu trien ca min Bc dn ch nhn (lau,
V cng l bo v s trong sng ca linh llin vu

268
mmr chu chinh xa hi ch ngha ca cc cn b tri
thc, khoa hc <a hv s i n h tt c cho s uglii) (tu
(ranh iiii pIini (lu lc v xv <lii di Uha x hi.
Bc s II-DG-DI
(Xhn dn, ngiy 1>'5-1'X>N)

...Gui nam 1*),)(), khi bo Nhi vn ra hai l>a s (ii,

vi liiiiv (liu XIIvn. tc s tht, (ta kcl co* quaii, cu
b v hi nl chc <[, <4<Vi Y h c rt bl )\wh v li
Y hc* Yi<M-iunn la CII vi cc taui lrp nhu (lau a
lunnu; i v tu thnh l)i(i ph) hnh chinh ca v
lum liiii chinh l-ni hl inh ch xut bii cc s
sau ca b o X l i HIU v t h a y ran< t r o u g l c B i i g ,
C h n h |)l v n h a n (ln a n g ) n h i u k h k h n p h c
tp, lii (l v hnh n ca 1)11 tht l kling
tt v c lnh chai )!i hoi.
Nhm nv gm c ihieu thui phau phc lp, xu
xa,' try
lc,
. v c Iiliii^
n lu* tinm
n chali Ir* th ch,
w
c lli (l, to chc v hot ng ph hoi, chng i
li Diui v Cliiuh pli, gieo rc hoi nghi troii nhu
dn. Xlim uv tht b i v Hiiv hini v chng
ti thv rt can. tliel u tranh tril e vch mi
nhm )l loi ny, e qut scli Iihhi t UriX{4 chinh
tri choiig l i nhu ( Li, chng li ch , ty tr liet
nluTu* quan iliem vn ha, iVliv thut sai lm Ouc
u tranh ny rl can lliict, kling nlnrug cho ueu vn
ha mi, m cho ca s nghip cch niu \ hi ch
ngha v au Irauli lliiii iilil T quc ca uluui
dn la...
Gio s T R N -H -T r r .
(Ar/d/ di ngy 18-5-1958)

201)
 ... Dtri c h i u h i t do l tng, n h m Nhn
vn - - Giai phm (la tht s cl k c h v o s l a n h a o
c a D u ig l a o n g V i t - n a m , p h n h n n h m g t h n h
t c h l ii l a o c a n h u (hui l a (t u tniu lx tri s l a n h
o s n g s u t c a aii*, a l i t (lo v c l p ,
c m u v v i c l m c h o t o n the n h n n. <v m i u
B c ; c h u i g i h i p h n g u h n i k h u y t (tiem c a l a , (le
h n g n h l c n h u d a n , h ii v o COII ii t s a u .
T r o i i t r i r m g i h c , u l i n i a l i k o n i l s
g i o s , c u b g i n g d y v siii.il v i e i i , v h i k h u g
p h a i l n h I r o i i g h n g n g u c u b , n h h u i s u s c
n s i n h v i n . N h n g p h a u tr x u , n h h i g tu* l u g x u
u v d p tri ( v , a k c h Uiig i u u g v o c n b , v o
Dc b ie l U (i
t c l n c c a D a a g , c a c h n h q u y i i .
tm t (t (tt c mc ch (ten i ca chng, nhm
Nhn vn Giai phni (t khng t mnh khc
no, ba (t!, (lng di ni 'hy, ma mai hay l
vut ve, mn trn nhng riri c lin ri a vo
trny, hng li ko heo chiK....
Gio s NGY-NH-KONTM
(Nhn dn,s 1,534, ngy 2-5-1958)

D a v o v t i Hlu*, clu ii (ta l p r a nhriU l h o

Nhn van , Giai pl , ri < ( t m i, sp lp
t T * d o (lin n )) v m i l b * o d c h c c ti l i u
phn ng, de tuyen truyeu elmg ng, ehii<4 Cliiuh
ph, vu co, ni xu cc c quan l van ha (tu mu
d i c l . C h n g ta a i etn b it Yi l p m t c q u a a u g i i
lun chng li ch u ch ca c-liui ta,
l t h u c v o l o i u h ii h u h clii p h a u c c h mnii<4
cao uliL

270
 1 i hc, nhm Nhn vn Giai pxm
TruVt i hc SU' phm v tag hp, m cm u
l Traii-e-Tliao v Trtrag-Tru, nh bin trirug
i lc llih mt (( pho i )) phu cch mng, nhi
s nhng sinh vii cn. 11.011 nt, li ko nhng tr ilic
CII iug chii<. Da s cu h i hc u trang
tlmli vi ch* (l, leu cn tc ticli cc, soiii nhm
N hn nan Giai p h ii Luv t nhng giu nlurug
etnrii vi luiili (lo, uii li cu tr' rt uhiu trong vic
ci tin nn i hc. H (tira ra ni dung phn ng
iii (ly cho sinh viii, h gv chia re gia cu b
v cu b, gia Irong Dang v ngoi Bng, gia ca h
lanh (to v quan clnug, bicii Lihimg cuc hi I]) luli
o thnh iliCmg imi cai v clv (lira tn mn, khi
nhfm ci xau trong con u^iri v (Umli v, quyn l*i
(t li ko, de gv thac mc ln X11, mt s auh em
ti v li m lioan mang, mt s khc v h m
chm tim J) i lrouj mt thi giau rt ng tic.
y, nhm Nhn vn Giai pham phi chu li
ca h, ulum nhng cu b ging lv i hc v
coi nh chinh tri, nii<4 c nhn ch ngha troag cng
tc khoa hc, iin e cho nhm v houh hnh trong
thi Jian va qua, cng cn rt mi kinh nghim thch
ii cho tp llie i hc v cho c nhn tng Hiri.
lii au c vn. lia, (tu c chnh Ir a Uiat hi
uhc ah. Nhm (( Nhi vn Giai phn * i hc
cang b anh em vch ra v a ra kim tho ughim
khc. Nhng theo nhihi li thu hoch sau ban kim
thao thi h vti cha iliv hl ti li ca h. c ngi
cha iliiii ra ti li chnh ca h. Chng lin sau ngy
kim tho cho (tu nay, h vu cn tim cch thanh
m i n h n h h u l ili d iV c h i ti t. H R i : ti n h n l c
nling lmli iii chii cch mng, Iihirn uhra hnh
ilii ti liu nur vu cao, xi Imv th khng c (m thi
ra l anh em a (la cTiig c rnh rnh). M cho l

271
MiUX li?ug chng Buu, chn;4 cch mng cn. hn l
num*; tieii4 vu co tloi^ niliirp ln ii{4 In/ii, xi l>ay
than.il nii lm bv. 110 cn i^li raii iUiri phn
cch mni cn c [he c (to (tc. Nhmu elig ta
cn ni cho ho r rii4
n klii
n c
o li iiii
lum l au
CO 111, m c o ca ilin (ln m I i<4a in ugam m (lao
sau hriig aliii u, sau lng cch niug Iro nhiu
bc kh khu, rng ct phn cch nii th khug c
do (trc. H phi nhn rUL l xau xa nht, ri
thnh tm cai to th mi tr ve (tirc vi hX ug
nhu (ln. Nlii (lu kiii quyt trn ) I)I phan cch
mni, nhini ci ht sc r lircmi vi uhii ke
hi i n iiii v luii lui Sii siiii ni cho 1)0 con
i 1*4 tiu 1)0 .
Gio s L-VN-THIM
(Ntin d 'f s . 534, ngy 25-5-58;

(ian dv trn cc mt bo th c lt nliieu

ngi ln ii*i4 vch Irm ch iiha xl li v ulumg
liol ng chng cch mng ca nlim phan ng
(( Nhn van - (Hai plhi )> .
Dc ll ca cc hi ho y, chng ta lliav lot ra s
phau n ca mi liu lcVp iilii u; oii* th(Yi, cuiig
lliv ro v h mt thc x 11 \a hau i 1 11, "iaii c
ca bn V11 iaii liii. Iru lam guvmi sii sut
ca qung di quan. chg.

Do (i, kii quyt p lau ch lu la XI ii v

vch Iru eluui irni ca nhm phm i X h ii
vn Giai p l l uliim v ca quaii i qun,
cluiur iii l l nliiii ULiri C11<
4 lc vii iigt* <41110
dc, v.v...
NGUYKN-NGXrn
Gio vii trng ph thng c p II Yn-ha
( h , 11-1-5)
 L l ngi c anh ch em b cng p vo Num,
ti khig khi cm lc kiii thy bn. Mv Dim cho iii
v ang li nhfmg bi bo ca bn a Nlun ixi Giai
plm )) hi en che lt p ngoi Bac. Dng bo
trong Xam v nht l ng bo ngoi Bc (li c vo
Xam hng ngy theo (li tng bc tieii ca miii Ic,
Bii ho t nhieu liu lirii vo miu lc, cn14 ra
sc u tranh i lp li quau h biuh tlurng Hc Xam,
i mau thug nal t mre e gia inh c sum
hp. Dng bo v cu b miii Bc ang ra sc lao
ng kin thit <te xy dng min Bc tiu mnh ln
ch ngha x hi. Trong lc nhn, dn hai mi en ang
kt hp (tu tranh cht che, thi 1)LI in van Giai
phm (t phun ra uiiig nc c, liug tiu (lit nnnig
nim liu ca ng l)o min. Xnni, di iihhig go nc
lnh vo tinh Ihii au truiih ca ng bo mieu Xam,
vo tinh thu hng sav lao ii ca (tng bo min Bc.

THN-TH-QUT
Gio vi trng dn lp i-m, Gia-lra
(Nhn dn, s 1502. ngy 22-4-1958)

L mt cu b iio (l.ic, li kiii the khui ln

liii phim (ti nhu sinh quan. (ti bi ca Trinmg-Tu,
Trn-c-Tho v ca ci CI Iv Nln vn (a
pim , v qua nhiu hi in.f, hi vn, hi tho* ca
h, h (la <y nhiu tc hi troii siiih vin v hc sinh.
Qu rinh ^iaiiL (ly ca Trii<4-TtVii, Trmi-e-
T h o (V trm Y ii a i l c l q u t r n h XUVMI l c s lli t ,
truvii l) iilnm^ lui iu th ctich vi ch Ii^ia x
hi, ioo ric hoanj4 maiii* v hoi nhi (i vi ch? (1
ta v di vi s lnh (lo ca Dn". 0 * ian<4 i
V ngoi ging ng, h a va 111 lt va cng khai
tiu hiili iilnug hoi lug chng Dii, clii cch
mng, chng T quc.

PHNG-VN-M
Cn b ging dy trng Di hc
hch khoa
(Nhn dn , s 1492, ngy 12-4-1958)

CC GII BO CH VN NGII < :0 x G LIN TC

LN TING TRONG MT THI GIAN DI

N h n l i l i n h h n h g i i vn. nghi) v C11 t c v n

ngh trong ba nm qua, anh ch cm lliv r bu canh
nhng hieu hiu tt, nv ra uhug khuynh hng
lch
lc
v cc mt
* chinh tr,
9 t tii
o v sinh liot.

Nhng khuynh hng uv Ihe hiu s xm nhp su
sc ca t tng t sn. vo trong gii vn. ugli v
cng tc vn ugli t sau khi hi bnh lp li. V v
vy n l ming t tt cho nhng phn t Ih ch
tin hnh ph hoi. Sau khi Diiii v nhn n ta a h
gy cuc tin cng in cuii hi cui nm 1 ca
uhin ph hoi NII vn G iai ph in ch yu hao
gm bn gin ip tc (tng tin.il thn , bn t-rl-
kit, bn. |)hui cch mng v nhng phn t phn ii
trong giai cj) lir sn chng rt vo b mt v lip
tc nhng hot ng ti c ca chng trn lnh vc
t tng, vn ha, trong cc hi vn. hc ngh thut,
trong mt s c quan vn ha, trong gii i hc, v.v...
Chng truvn b nlitig ti liu v ho chi phan (tng,
phao n liu nham, gieo rc hoang mang, chia IV Dii*
luli io vi vu ngli s, tri lliv, fiy mu tluiu Iroii

274
gii van ngh. Chii khng l mt lli (tou l) i no
(te li ko mt s van ngh s lc hu, ke c mt s
it ii vin, i vo con ng sa a v linh thu v
vt cht, i vo con tirn' kch ch dn ch
nhu (ln min Iic, kch s lnh o ca ii*,
i vo con. ng tri vi li ch ca T quc v ch
n g h a x h i . I)ir'i c h i u b i c h n g g i o i u , chii
cng thc , <11 tim ci m i, chng gieo rc nhng
nc (tc cia ch ngha xt li trong vn ngh, nham
ph hoi irtm i lo i vn ngh ca ng c vch
r troni Bi hi vn Iil' ton quc iln th hai, v
li ko vn ngh s vo cm bv ca iig li vn
ngh l sn i try.
Hot ng ti c ca nhm ph hoi Nhn vn
(iai phm r rng l ph hp vi m mu ca M
Dim ph hoi miu Bc ca la. Khn** phi ngu nhin
m bn M Dim khng tic l i khcu ngi bo
Nhn vn, cc tp (iai phm, D i mi, v nhng bi
bo, vn th chng nh 11 n, ehii^ ch , chng Bng,
xut hin r ii tuu bo Van. Cng khng phi ngu
nhin m trong thi gian gn y, khi gii vn igh tin
hnh hc tp v u lran.il, bn M Dim dng
bo ch v i pht thanh XUVII tc tinh hnh, khiu
khch tr thc, v c v bn tay sai (o chng gi li
- mi en Bc tii* cirng hot ug ph hoi.
Anh ch em vn ngh s yu utrc vch trn b
mt tht gian c ca nhm ph hoi Nhn vn Giai
plin , a nghim khc ln n ilmg hot ng phn
ilui tc, pliii cch mii ca chng. Anh ch em rt gh
tm v cm tli 1)11 chng, cng cm thv au xt
trc n.hn' tai hi m 1)011 chng gv ra Iroiig tlii
gian va qua.
c h m (liVl n l n i h o i IIV* )li h o i c a c h n g ,
de tay sch Iihiij4 nc c l tng m clui* ico

27
rc by ln nay trong cc gii vn ngh, tri thc, snh
vin, hc sinh, v.v... n lu- cn pl.ai lt mt n
ca chng Irirc nhau (ln i o, hc trin uhhu
m mu, lun (liu, hnh (liu v th on th dch
ci chng . l mt cuc au tranh cu thit v quuu
trng, anh ch em vn ngh s cu ra sc lm cho t
v triet
e.

xn lun bo Nhn dn
(S 149.1, ngy 13-1-58)

... Chng ta thy rang s xut hiii ilim ph hoi

C(Nhn vn Giai phni khng plii l mt vic Iiau
nhiu, m iiN hn vn Giai phi cl l bicu h im
cao nht trong qu trLii phn cch mii ca nhng
k cam au nhm . NluTi ke cm au nhm iiXhn
vn Gioi phm (nh Xguvii-hCrii-aii, Triroiig-
Tu, Phan-Khi, v b lu) c nhng f Urii v hnh
ng J)h hoi cng khug phi l pht sinh ra troii
mt lc riiU nhiu, ma mi tn (lu maii su [roi
m ih ca mt lch s, ca mt h lla tlc plii cch
mng kh l lu di v liu lc, ni uhir cc bo chi
cung nh du* lua qun elmg a vch trau ra troiig 1
lu nay.
*
* *

Qua cuc au tranh Ur Uitmg va ri, ivoa ilii

lpughiii cu t chc cho gii van ngh v gio s Bi
hc chng nhng tu* tii chinh tr th ch, ivliung
quan clieni v va iis Iriet hc v gio (lc sai lam,
chan tirng ca ba cm au nhm ph hoi (( Nhn
vn G ia i p m thm mt lan m a, cng b l
nguycn hnh.

276
 Xn nhhu ten N<4uvn-hhi~aiig, Tririig-Tu,
Plian-Khi, Trn-Dim, L-I)L.. c CII li mt n
Urrmi troii s Iili icVi vn trng <1 hm m chng
xa kia, tli i y phi l ci hnh anh ca nhng
th tm him rc nnVi cng vi nhng Ur tng v hnh
ng ch 11.11tr luii hum i ngirc li quvn li ca T
quc, ca u tc.

Hc trn chm lng 1)I\ cm u nhm Nhn

vn Giai phm , (l chu ta Ihv rng uliii lun
iu v hnh (tii pli hoi (ton kt, plui bi dan tc
kni phi li' < 1 nliu 1
1<4 lch lc nht thi ca chui,
m chnh l 11 ou c nl lich s phn. hi lu i
v mt h Ihoi V lluVc lin tc. Cuc cch mng ca
chm t la mi kli euiveii ln mt i on nuVi, bn
phII cch mn<, tli i ch ca T quc, ca nhu (lan,
CUII la 11 cii bang ( mi th on, va tinh vi, va
tri Irn. Xluni s sng sut ca Bng v Chnh ph,
s on kl uhit tr ca ton (lu chii ta lm cho
m nuru ca Iihm pli hoi Nhan vn Giai
putn thit bi hon ton !

(Ciri-g/;c, s 2858, ngy 20-4-1958)

Trong thi gian qua, chng ta a bc trn, nhng

t tng, nhng ngon lun phn ng ca bn ph
hoi Nlii vn (riti pham . Hin chng ta cn
phai vch ht l) mt cliiili tr phim ng ca chng,
t r ir e h t l c a n h u n g p h i i t p h n c c h m n g , t"
rl-kt cam au ivlii Nhn vn Giai phatn , a
ra nh HiM c ci lch s xu xa gh tm v nhng
hnh vi ti c ca chng.

277
 Chng ta cn plH tip tc i sau mt cch bn 1)1
va lau (li lum, ihni klc v trit (lo ho*II, l)c trn
v (t)) nt mi ([lum im clinl Ir v Iih tluiI
phan iUi ca )11 chng, c nh Ih lii hon ton
taV ra ht nc (tc 111 bn ehn<4 a )lnin ra. Dng
thi vi vic (taII tranh Ur tng, chng ta cn phi
lo chan chiih to chc, tv tr ra khi hang U vn
ngh cch in^, nhng phau t ph hoi, kliiu khch
chia re, uluTng phan t* thi nt (lu cc , kliug
cn phm eliTt mi Iitri vm nihc quu chng. Cluuig
ta phi lm cho hv\ \\ vn n^l trong sch ho*II,
mnh 1VH h o n , c lp Inrii chinh tri chc chan, c
mc iu pti.ic v r rt quyt tam (ti vo con trng
x hi ch ngha.
Cn mt Mxy no, co* s giai cp bc lt chim b
p tm, thi ulihig tir Urii phau (tui kiu Nhn
vtn Giai phin ciL c t (te (luv tri sir SO1114 khc
khom ca 11v n cng lm cch xut iiu linli vi, xo
tr lum. Cluii ta cii cu phi cnh *ie, cm cn
phai (to l.1 ^c mi klniViih liiig tir Urng tir san
phan (ln (l. Ton the anh chi C111 vn ngh chng ta
quyt on UH clit ch? lum xmi quanh Bn, gi
vng mt tru van. Uh xa hi ch iha, vch mt
nhm ph hoi Nhn vn - Giai pm , {[i*l sch
mi lu* li tlii ich, to iu kiu tiuiiii l*i cho mt
birc chuycii can hu cho vic xv (lng mt liu van
ngli 111(Vi diri ln c* ca ch itia u ie v
ch ngha xa hi.
Xa lun tp chi Vn ngh
{ Vn (jht S 12, thng 5-1958)

Bay l mt cuc u tranh h cp gia ch v

ta ch khng phai ch n thun l cuc u tranh
gihi irng li vn ngh v su vi (tiig li vn ngli

278
t sn. Ri vy, vic nghin cu tir tng phn ng
ca nhm Nhn nn Giai phnm qul sch n
v bo v (un li vn ngh ca Bii l vic rt
cn thit i vi chng ta...
... Trong thi iau va qua, bn ph hoi Nhn
vn G iai plium i dng chin tranh cn no ,
np di chiti bi ngh thut ph hoi nhng vic
chng ta ang lm. Bn chng a tc ng tinh thn
theo phng chm ca Ht-le v G-ben hi trc v
ca bn chiu tranh tm l kiu Mv ngy nay l :
ni lo, ni lo iniri ln th hiu thnh s tht !
Mt trong nhng mc tiu chinh ca bn ph hoi
va qua l c sc xv ln. mt bc vn l trng
thnh ngn cn gia ng v anh em vn ngh s.
Bng i mi cch, chng gy chia r gia ng vin
v lnh o, gia anh em ngoi Bng v ng vin,
gia anh em min Num vi min Bc, lm sao cng c
lp c lnh o, bao vy lnh o v h lnh o
xung... Chnh hn chng l th phm gy ra s chia
r, h phi gia vn ngli s. Chng ta vch mt
chng v cn cu vch ht th on ca nhng k th
ch uguy hi m v...
Cn kin. nhn v em o l ra vch mt t tng
phn, ng ca bn ph hoi ((Nhn vn Giai phhm
cho qung i qun chng thy r chu tng ca
chng, cng rng ri thi cng tt, cho chng b c
lp n cao v khng pht huy ni tc dng. Lm
nh th, ch c lm nh th, mi biu cuc u tranh
t Urii do Daii l ili o, c c tinh chl qun
chng rng ri v mi c sc mnh v ch. Cn tin
ti ph phn c li thng nhng qmm im chiuh tri
v Iiliiv<4 CIUUI im van ngh phn ng ca chng
b R g c c h vit n h n g b i l lu n v n n g h v ph b in h

279
cc sng tc ca chng, nliat l nlnTnq sang to xu (la
pho bin xuiig quan chng...
Nh tliul, liin.il Ihc bicu hin c quan trng
khug? Quan tri, rt quan trng. Tho* tli can th
hay, ve Ih cau v p, v.v... Nlurng ng qun vn
d hav, p cho ai, e lm ? Cho ni, (te lm iy (t
l vn e lp trng t lirtmg.
Chng la rig v lp tnrag ca giai cp cng
nhn, ca aii, ca cch mii x hi ch ngha nn
chm< ta sm thc hiu bo v trttg li . Nhm
ph hoi Nh(n vn Giai pl(m a dng v lp
trn t sn, lp trirmg ch nha tir bu, chng li
cl ngha x hi nen a phau (li v ph hoi irtVng
li (t.
V vv, cuc (tu tranh cho irug li vn ngh
ca Bui l mt cuc au tranh kin quyt vi k
ch, \ mt cuc u tranh phc tp, gian. kh v lp
trng t tirug Irong ni 1>. Chng ta cu vch I1
ra clur khng nen. clic iau mu thun. Guc u tranh
cha clnm dt, cn phai tip tc I
DuxViig li vn ngh ca Bng ng m mt chau
tri tlinh thau<4 cho clii ta tha h m hot ng
v sng tc theo plimmg lirii p!c v xa hi ch
iiglU , p h c v au tran h h ii nht nc nh, phc
v ni C) v sau v nhu dan lK) ng.

X lun bo Quti i nhn dn

(S 447)

... Ngay c n nhng con ngtrcVi lam lc chng

ta cung sau sng gip cho h cai t quy chiuh.
Nhng nht inh crmg ta khiig th cho nhng con

280
ngi th i n t, p h a n (t n g ca c c g ia i C p b c l t v
ihn ha tav sai cho quc Iihuag nhng ngc au
tri (lv. Phai vch ml nluni con ngi chng oi
li s nghip giai phng T quc, chng i li s
nghip giai phi Uiri lao ng, chng i vi s
lihi) xa hi ch ngha quang vinh, nhng COI1 ngi
thi nt b tha hn bn n thuc phin, ln ngp vo
(lm tnh bu thu l vn ln ging thanh cao vu
co nhu nhii v t t')), n^i khii l khung
tim t h e o kieu COM n g i n r i T ru -D ii, L -t t, T ru -
Duy, v.v... Nhng th Lm hon. nh bu (lng nh
phai vi sau (Uri may ln D )) ri mi phi !...
... V mt vn ha, vaII Iih, chng ta khng th
e cho nhrug loi scli bo c c, hoa thi nh
Nhn vn Giai phm, Dt m i, nh iili u ' bi
nq Xm Chut, L i m (ln, ng my, l i di nii,
T u n g i t h ( b c c u , V.V... n h n h n g v k c h
Kim lin, Tv t irc t do au c, mt st. Qun
chng ihtt dn uht nh khng dimg th cho mt
s vic, mt luu iu no c li cho k th, cho giai
cp bc lt m phm n quyn t do chn chnh
ca minh.
... Chng ta a (te mt thi gian kh (li khuyn
nh, gip *, nhimg chng ngoan c, chag no tt
y, v th, bt buc chng ta phi cah co trc din,
i khai, phi kp thi c cch x l ng thi
ca cling. Tt nhiu khng khi c kin cua bn
c phn Iin l ta lm qu chm. Nlnrug chnh
ciiig cho ta thv ilii ht lng gip gio dc
ca Bng v Chiali plu ta mong ko bn. ngi ra
khi con ng phn (l
m nnru thm c nht ca nhm ph hoi ( Nhn
vn G iai plim l (lnh vo l ii tiu ca nhn dn
ta, hng lm lav cliuvea uhit tnh i vi T quc,

281
i vi cch mng x hi ch ngha, <tf)i v<Vi s lnh
o cii Dug hto ng Vit-nam.
S to gan liu lnh ca bn ph hoi chng ([lia
nh k cm ci lng g chc x y mt tri ni. Lng
tin ca chng ta xut pht t truyn thng yu c lp,
t do ca dn tc, c xy dng Irn c s nhng
quyn. li thc t v vt cht cung nh tinh thn do
giai cp cng nhn v ng cng sn maug li. Lng
tin ca chng ta l)t di ht (lch, agv cng Ihni ti
luvn bn vng hn st vi n i bt ngun trong
u trauh hng ny chc nm nay....
X lun bo Th
(Ngy 6, 7, 8-5-1958)

. . . Ton b hot ng ph hoi ca nhm Nhn

vn Giai phin > u dm trn mt c s l lun
sc mi t-rt-kt v phn ng... Chng ta t cu
hi : chng mun g? Chmg chng ch ta, chng
ng ta, chug ch ngha x hi, cliug tt c nh th,
chng mt cch bn b v c thc nh th l (ti
n u? Cu tr l i , sc mnh ca ch ta, ca
nhn u ta khng cho )h|> chng ni ra mt cch
l liu v cng khai.
... R rng hot ng ca nhm pli lioi Nhn
vn G iai phm l nhm mc ch lm tan r tinh
thn cch mng ca nhn u ta; l hot ng tc
ng tinh thu m ch vu thng lm. B l hot
ng ni cng to iu kin cho M Dim
ngoi kch , troug lc bn. ny chumv b lc lnt' m
ci o mng thn tnh miu Bc biu ton b nc
Vit-nam thnh thuc ia v cn c quu s ca M.

282
 Tc hi m nhm Nhn vn Giai pl( gAy
ra cho nhan. (lu ta lu him ri.
Phai chn ])n tav )li hoai ca elmg li !
Ho Tb qutc
C quan ngn lun ca ng X h Vit-nam
(S 103 19-4 -19*'8 )

Chng ta aiig thi i m nhng k chng li

ch ngha Mc Lc-niu eng phi i lt Mc L-
niu Uii mi mong la gt c clir luau. a uli a-
lt cung tu thnh cii sau, nhng l ciXg sn dn
tc, cng sn phi chiu li Lin - x v di vi M.
N g i ta t hi : tai sao nhm Nhn vn G iai
pham khng dm ai cng khai ch trng ca h
m h li phi iip vo ch ngha Mc L-nin. nh
th? Ti ngh, nu lm nh th th h b quu chng
vl xung h Hon-kim ngav t hm u. L do n
gin l ch ngha Mc L-Iiin lhng nhng em
li cho n ta nh sng m cn em li cho dn ta
cm o, t do, c lp. Xu m cng khai chng lai
ch ngha Mac L-nin th c ngha l khng mun
cho nhu dn c cm o, t do, c lp na.
Nhng ngi cm u < (Nhn vn Giai phm
lai ni ho ((theo s lanh ao
ca ng
o lao ng
o Viet-
t
nam .
H c th ni khc th c u ! V ng lao
Li Vit-uam tuy c nhng khuyt im trong mt
s cng tc m ng a C11 khai t ph hnh, nhng
Bng a a (ln ta t 11 l lm thau, hn yu cta
c lp, l (lo, lm ch cuc sng ca minh. i vi
nhan dn V)t-Iiam 28 nm Iiay, B111< 4lao ng Vit*
nam a nh nh mt tri, Nu cug khai chng li

283
s lnh o ca ng th r l qu xh khng thc* (t lam
n g c.
V i th mt mnh l(Vi xo quyt nht ( chng lni
s linh o ca Bii l lp ruii mi Iilm (la kicl
mt s aug vieu hay cn b no hay mt vi c
q u a n u o c m t s t h i u SI t r o n g m t v a i c n g t c .

. Mt vu quau trng nht trong ci chiu

bi m h ra l tip thu lanh o ca Dang
Sut 5 s Nhan vn v nhng hot tug khc ca h
khng c ci g chng thc cho ci nlin liiu
y cia h. T h i gian nv trung tm cng tc l sti
sai, nhng h chng pht hiu c vu e \ mi,
chng gip g cho cng tc n nh tir ti nhn (ln,
cho cng tc sa sai, tri li ch ng vai h hon, la
chv thm du. Ch thy h hung liag choii ci ny,
kch ci kia nlim vo nhii nguyn l c han nht
ca ch ngha Mc Le-niii ma tan cng, y s hoi
nglii trong qun chng. Ai c dp gii h tron sinh
hoat hngo ngy
n cn
o thy
V r da lm ca h 1)011.
Tm li, Iihug tay cm u Nhn vn G iai
pim qu c khn kho. Ci mnh klie th l
ca h cng c v tinh vi. Nhng d sao h khng
th vt xu ci khn ngoan ca mt iigi bun bn
lc la. Nhng ngi tiu tiu nht v cc tani lp
nhu dn c thin nhn lly ngav niiil khe th
l ca 1 t lu ri.
IONG QUN
Thi mi 20-3-19.!8

Cuc u tranh chng nhng t tng phn ng

ca nhm Nhn vn Giai plm thu irc thng
li to ln. Nhng chng ta khng qun rng mi

284
li thii l i brc <1an. Trong l cc ch mng ang chuyn.
iiItii hinVc v (ti, cuc au tranh tir tiri cn tip
iii Iroug Yin 111*1*. Clui ta khii the buug lng va
ig ir ii YM h o a c h i n t h n g . T r n c s n g
loi vn nghe* ca Bii a ire stig t thm, chng
la cu lip lc nh vo nhng quati iem ngh thut
gia loi v phn dixL ca nlim ((XKii nn Giai ph(m
v c uii yn dng nhng quan, iein ca eli ngha
Mc L-niu (le qul ng n ihn vn. e
thc mc v sii tc, p xi ch Iigla xt li Iroiig
iii (lv mi Uim hc ca u, lumg khng ri vo my
mc, gio iHi. On lc ph bnh phai (Urc thng
xuvii 1um, theo (li v lm ni r nhiii co giig v
lliiil ticl t nh en ln ca phong Iro sii tc lnh
nanli ant c l'i iii Xh c c v chm sc cho
n h n g i iig h o a a n g iuV, c h u y tu c n c h V c hai vic.

X lun bo V/1 /ipc

(S6 5, ngy 5-7-1958)

. . .Suot Itai nam na\\ lm <

( Nlun vn (/// plm
a phun nc c hng xuyii tc ciig cuc kin thit
niien Bc, hn xu ahiU ngiri cu 1)0 , nlihig ngi
n.{ vin, nhng iri con iru t ca dn tc li
vo sinh ra l tron khni cliiii va hiu nav (lang tch
cc n gi ha binh v au tranh cho thii* Iiht mrc
nh. Chng kliig t mt th on no (tili vo
ch 1t ta. Khi n.hTu>' t Nhi nn Giai phni cn,
thi chng i s cam Ih th vt ca chng trong uhig
bi li, hi van, (rong bo. Khi clum ta u traiih
khiig cho cc t ho, qityu sch xu xa ca cuig ra
di, th clii lim uluTii tli on tiah v hicm c
hon, clmi vo luii (o1 co CO ([Uiii vn hc n*h thul
ca ta. Nhng b mt tht ca bn phn ng ( Nhn
vn Giai l (a hi l i t r a u Iroii cuc u tnuih
va qua. Chinh chng n th nhu mt phi ti li
trc nhn (lau.
Tht l ma mai khi ha M Diin li ni min
Bic chn. ta khng c l do, miu Bc bp nghl tr
thc, vn Uh s. Ci m bn Mv Dim i l t* do
ch l t do hi nrc hi au. Bn ngiri m Mv-I)im
g i l tri t h c , l v a n n g h s tht c h l 1)I1 N h n
vn G iai plm , mt 1)011 xu xa, phn ng. Tht
l ma mai khi nghe 1)011 pht-xl c li M Dim
li ni t do, chnh ngha !

Bo Thng nht
(S 51, ngy 25-5-1958)

Ti rt cm dii khi ugic tiu anh ch 0111 min. Xam

t cc c S cng tc dt cu hi : Cc va 11 ngh* s
tp kt lm ivoi thi gian qua ? Thi ca
anh em i vi bn Nhn vn Giai phm nhir
the no?
Ti hieu irT iihMi han khoiu v. liii tli'1 ti
vn theo (li v tng sung sirii trc nhng thnh
tch cii tc ca anh ch em miea Xam t) k?l hot
ng trong cc ngnh van ha, uli tluil. 06 Iihin,
nhng anh chi em khc chc ei c nhng iih
nh th.
Trong ngnh iu uli, chng ti tlii c uhhig
cuc gp gchimg gira anh cm vi nhau nli.i (lnh
tnli hiih, xc (linh thi iii au tnrT nh11<4liot
(lng ph hoi ca l ) i Nhn rn ta ph v
vch phng liii 0011*4 tc, duni ti c UuVc v

286
^ng tc tt, phn. nh mi mt s n h hot vui ti ca
miu Bc ang rn rp kin thit (m ngnh in nh
c nhng kh nng ring) u tranh, tr li li
mi vu khng, xyn tc ca chng...
V-SiN
Ngnh in nh

L i dng lc Iiliii dn ta gp nhiu kh khn v

tnh lnh quc t phc tp va qua, nhm Nhn vn
G iai phm ku go mi ngi 1111 i tri tim n
ch cng la v th bng nhng lung khng khi thi
tha u c khc no mt l thy mo, chng nh em
t ma, qu thut ra phnh ph qun chng. Nhiig m
mu ph lioi ca chng khng la gt c ai.
Iliu iav, m mu ca chug b vch tru ra
nh sng. Ouig tht nh mt n giun, bn thu. Nu
theo nh l i chng xuyu tc ng v nhu o
thi hm 1UIV, bn chng u cn c t do sug trn
t nv ?
Qua nhng ngv siig gi, chng ti c th t ho
Hi r: (( Ilii* ngu iihc s min Nam luii lun cht
ch )). Kliug mt pht giy no chng ti xa r i l
c Daug.
PilAN-HNH-lU
Ngnh nhc

Khii khi troug vn ngh hiu iiav l mt khng

khi oii kt, phn khi, ehuix b cho mt thi k ho
hng sui tc v l)ieu diu mi, phc v c lc hem
cho T quc v ch ngha x hi. Diu ny, bn M
Dni
min Nam rt lo so*. Vi Ih,' chm*
n aii
n ra sc
tuvn. truyu xuyu tc phong trao vu ngii ciia clui
ta, hng gy Iilmg nghi ng (ti vi Dii v ch (l
chng ta miu Bc. Chng khR t hi c mt th
on gian di, bi i no, nli i v (t tung tia cliiii
ta bt b bao nhiu ngiri v a cam l ba van.
( Nhn
ngh s. S Iht, ba ti Iroii nhm pl hoi <
vn Giai phm m lut plip chng ta a giam l
li, vi uhrii hot iig Iiuv hiem ca chng l ai?
L Tru -thiu- Bao, tc Miuh-Bc, nu cha ke a
nl iig ti c Irtmg nhm (( Nhn vn Giai phm ,
th tnrc nav cuii ch l mt ten. lnm vn, chuvcii
bc lt cc vii ngh s, ch cha bao gi l mi va 11
ugh s; l NgUYi-hrii-Daii, (tu li (lng mt s van
ngli s pht c Nln n , c ilurni mu thanh
mt < ( lnh lu ca cc vn ugh s, liav l ci \ khc
na, nhng trc nay vu chua c mt li vn hc
ngh thut no miu Bc tha nhu lm hi viii
ca minh ; l Tliv-Au, c mriig biig ca e quc,
ma bt c i lua hi Php thuc v trong vung
tm l) chim va qua, t ngv ha bnh lp li c len
li vo Hi uh vn. clniig ta, nhng ilnrc cht l mi
tn gin ip.
l nhiig ti m 1)11 Mv Diin aii c phom
clio ci danl hiu vn ni*l s vu co ch (t
chng la khng 1)6 vn ngh s. Xluni ieu khii
uh la c ai, v cng lm cho hm ni vn ngh
s miu i: ciag uhir miea Xam cMi thm kliug
kht, ly sng tc v hieu dii (lay in si au Inmh
ca nhn du ln cao, Iilii clm k th ca (lu le
xung vc su v xay (lng i si luvri vui iivii (ll
nc Bc, NiUi liii mt giiti.
NGUYN-VN-BNti
Ni;nh vn

288
 ..Ghmg ti a cng khai k tn chong (TNhan vn
G iai phm t 1)1101 au. T h ii Iigv anh em nhc
s niieii Nam (V V ngh thut, Trng nhc Vit-Iiam,
Bi pht thanh Ting Hi Vit-nam gnp nhau l bu
bc trao i ve tc hi ca Nhn vn Giai phm
i vi miu Ic v rt cm pln khi bit (irc bn
M Dim em iu li bo Nhn vn (te ui xu ch
miu Bc, hng gy ng vc hoang mang trong nhau
thui mieu Nam.
Trong lc 1)011 Nln on G iai phm )) a ra
nlurug lui (liu xuyn tc s tht, Hi xu ch (t miu
Bc thi anh cm nhc s miu Nam Hi lu sc mnh ca
nh 11 n ang xv dii 111i1.1 Bac tiri dp, y tiu
tirng cho ng ho miu Nam. Song Iroiig cauh xa
qu hng, xa gia nh thn lliue, anh ch em chng
ti cung c it nhiu bn khon roX lng. Nhng cng
nh min Xam, cng cam llii 1)011 M Dim, (tem tm
tu* ca liiiili trt vo tc plim, tiii n, tiiig hi.
TKN- KIKT-TUN G
Ngnh nhcC

...Nu 1)1 ph hoi Nhn vn Giai phan J) np

di danh uiha vn ngli, nht inh rng sai lm tm
thi ca ci cch ruiig (tt trong nc v ihig tiii.il
hnh phc lp (V 1huig-^M-r, Ba-kui trc v l thi c
thui li d cho chng (lng th on eiig kch xuveu
t c , lfu ig o n e t u c n g v o s l i i l i o c a t n g ,
th tri li, (t cuug i mt giai on anh em vn lUli
s Xam-b Hi chung v anh em ha s, iu khc
Nam-b ni riiig, oan kt, biu th thi trung
thnh ca mnh i vi ch ngha x hi v i vi
Di ([Iiai vinh ca (ln lc. iaii* siiq lc v liii*
dy, nh (tng chi Trn-vn-Lm v ti, hK CII
lc, nhu* ng cli Nguu-vii-Mi, hoc Iroii eng
tc vn ngh quu i n li m chi L-V inli, Dirii-
vii-M iui, V. V... clim l i vu nt ig tlnrc liiu
ng I6 i vn. ngh cm ng e phc v nhu au,
phc v cch mng. Chng ti cn tip tc thc hiu
li cu dn ca ng C1 L - I ) u a : i : Ohmg la cn
phi i su vo tha que, v cc xii mv, n v
quu i, luii lun phi cn giu < 4i, CIII sng vi
nhu (lu lao ng, cuig vi ta chin (tu tm elii
nm khng chin, trc tip tham gia lao d i chm
tay, ug thi tip lc hot ii vi ngh)).
NGu Y N - c A( )-Tii N G
Ngnh ha

Nhn vn (//({/ )ham qu th (h niun

p nt con tim, chn (tng mch mu ca chng ti
bii cch phu nhu cc thnh tch, khot s11 cc
khuyt im, xuyn, tc cc ch tnrii ni an ca
ng v Ciiiih phu ta. t vy, cluig li cn ni mui!
mau u tranh clio thii nhat e mu (lnh la, li
ko nlumg anh chi em Xain-iu) lp kt vo con (hriig
chn< li cch mng hoc t nht cuug e xoa u lng
cm phu cun clnug ti.
Nhini chiii (a lum ! ChtiU kht li ko (tirc
ai. Anh chi em sn khau Nam-b (la l uhhi<4 ngirri
chng bn Nhi vn G iiii plum quyt lit ilit
ngay l lc chng mi xut au l (liyn.
NGC-CNG
Ngnh sn khu (Cai lirig)

290
 ...Gu (v, mi so ho ch v co* quan tuvii Iruveii
min. Xam ra sc bim h v lim thuc cp cu clio
1)11 lay sai Xlun IHUI Giai phn ang ) nhu
(ln ia vch mt.
Trc ht, phi n n ci tiu vt ca h a ra :
mi hay vau Hhc s b la n nhu au Iruv l.
Khii Ccu |)lii dinh diih di (lng ci vic Uyn iV
v. B l le li lm ii biiili thiri ca bn. tc
iu; tinh lliin, bn chiu tranh lm lv. Il C11 bia
ra hiah uli vt ht nc qua cam ri vt i )>, liug
vu khiU ta Iium' ai vn ngh s. Xlnrng cch ni
11V cuii khi mi m .
Ti xiu ni r thi ca li : Vi bu tay quen
uhoi t min. tirng, ti su sug v ch sc
vt tai c cht urc thi, (lav (li b ix l)n e
tc thnh Iiluni ])ho tng p, lnh niali, lil nh
tmm lai ca T quc ha binh, thng nhl v xa hi
ch ngha.
TRN-VN-LM
Ngnh iu khc

...Nhm Nli van Gia plum c thoi pliug

Iihhig khuvt im cc l), (liig (tii nhng vic
khiio- au bH hi nli ch , ph nhan mi thnh
tch ca ccl mu<, chng li T quc, choiiL li nhan
(lu, chii li s lnh o ca Dn^. Thc cht vic
lm ca clniig ch l mt s phau ii giai cp tuyt
vu nhm ph hoai cng cuc xy dng cli Iihni
xa hi 111ieu Hc.
Ch n< huon cho I)11 lm ch sa trn< li CII
nun (Iny li banh xo lch s! (llig kling bil raii:

2U1
Vn ngh s cung nh ng bo v cn b miu Xam
y, trong mv nm qua, a lini h tlam gia xv du<4
min Bc nh tli 11O. Cha ke hng iram chiu s
thi ua giri min Nam (V cc ngnh hot ng riug
v vn hc ngh tliut, cho ii cui 1957, cung (t
c trn nm mi tc pha 111 lt (io vn ugh s miu
Nam vit a c in v lu hnh khp miu Bc. B
l cha ni n bit bao nhiu Iruvii, tho*, l)t k,
ty bt, v.v... iu tm i cc bo chi (te plc v cng
cuc xy dng min Bc, u Irauh thng uht nc
Iili.
Ngay trong cuc u traali tir tirii liii aii
tin hnh, anh em vn ih s miu Xam tp kt cung
u t nguvu tham gia hng hi iiii cao nhu
thc v lp tririu t tiri ca niili, ) phn vch
mt bn ph hoi Nhn vn Giai phm
T RN H-XN-AN
Ngnh vn

. . . Cng c k bo Nln vn, ti cng ht sc

C1X4 phn, ciig thay cu vcli trau nhung lun iu
chia l ca bo Nhn vn, tuug ra nhung lun. iti
b plii thng tr vn nh )), n cnb, nnh ht, v.v...
khin mt so anh ch em cfin. ni khng mun ihx
gui lnh o. l mt cch ph hoi on kt, chia
r gia vn ih s v ngi lanh o.
L ngi tl v nh vn, ti rt hoau nghuh vic
lm ca anl chi em nli iu Xuaii thu, (la kin quyt
ngn chn uhthig nc c ci bo Nhn vn khng cho
n gieo rc vo ng bo chng ta nua. Khng phi (lu
nay
V anh ch* em mi c thi ,* ' m Miiiy
o t s 1 anh
ch om (t nh khng in ri, t r s nhn nhn sng
sut cn nluTii n.*mri troii giai cp th. Hng ngn,
hng vn anli ch cm th khp cc x nghip, tri
thc v vn Uh s, sinh viu v hc sinh, cng uhir
ton th ng bo, <tu ht sc hoan nghiih tinh thn
u Irauh ca anl ch em...
Ngy 18-12-1956
V-IIY-TM

.. .Trong nhng s Nhn vn Giai phm, c

nhng cu th vu co ch miu Bc mt cch irng
trn nh :
Ti bttc i, khnq Ihi ph khng thy nh.
Ch thi] ma sa trn lu c .
(Trn-Dn)
L nhng ngi ' H-ni trong thi tm chim,
eliii li thy Hi ln mt ni (tau xt khi c k
chm tiu mt nim tin tirmg thiug ling ca chng
li, v thy bt binh phu n trirc s l)i nh trng
trn
y.
I/ Nh li khiI xa i thi tm
chim mt
chag ti nhn, thy trong bui sii tinh sng
nhng ngy kv nim la ca ta, l c sao vng
ngo Uh tuug bay tru (tnh thp Ra, n ni mt
tn. th tng b nhn cia ch (13 phi tc si bt
111) mng bn tav sai ca hn : Sao chng bay khng
x mi a mt ming m nui i c c khng .
bao nhiu 111 l c (t maiig li nim tia tng
vo tin ca cuckhng chiu cho nhng ngi
sng m thmdi gt st ca ch, v lm cho gic
v bn l) nhn lo \u mt n mt ng. V cng chinh

293
l C(V y iti ii phng cho nhn dan th thot
khi ch p 1)11*0 hc lt ci ch (ten li IrinVc iiv.
Nhm ph hoi Nhn vn Giai plh <ta
inn4 nliii11 xc phm i ch Ihiii leiig uliat trong
tm hn chmg ti, bi nh l c maug li hnh
phc v quyn sng lm ngi cho chung ti, chng
ti rt cam phau trc nhng li le bt lircmg v phau
phc ...
... Chngti nhu thay r chng a mp m v
diHg lm cho ngi ta c cm tirig sai lch l ch
ny hp nght t (lo (ln ch, chng ti a sii
qua c hai che liu nt ( nhu thv s khc nhau
hon ton v bm cht gia ch ca ta v ca ch,
nn klng b lra bip bug nhm l(Vi xuvu tc irni
trn y...
... Dc nhfm< hi th khc ca Trii-Dan, IIomi-
oiini, L-t np diri clik11 bi i tim ci mi m
la ht m V, noi uhug dng ca h v mt chnh
tri,
ch xi rii
n v mt
* n^li
o hut chui
o ti thv 1)0
*11
ny ehiu c ci g mi m C1 i vo COI tirni cu,
con (tiig Uh thut v ngh thut a li tli. B
l con iH iili thut tir su i try. vii tm
chim tnrc v, chng ti da chu ngy ci loi VUI
chi thau my khc gi, nhng iu tam hon ra
ri (in lon, nhng th vn. chng tc n<4 liuh
than hay khiu (lm Irv lc ca (t quc Mv nhp
cng vo Vit-nam. Cho nn khi thy nhni Xln
vn r/V/ phim a i vo con mg ngli thut i
tn.iv vi ni diuig chng Bng v chng ch th
ci h ngoai di khiig cn ct sc quyn rf
chng ti ua...
S-TN
Ngh s sn khu
(Thi mi, 21-4-58)

294
 .... VYri mt s tc phni sa a ca nhm Nhn
van (iai plu np chri cliiu bi bp 1)0*111 phan
u cho (( trm hoa (tua n 3 kch vo s lanh
o ca Dang, bp mo sir tht, gieo rc bt mau, hoi
nghi i vi ch (t, c tlie Hi ay l mt s phan
phc ht sc tra IU* irix, mt s len li, lung on Vln
lic cch mng lii loi (tnh ln sng ch ngha mt
cch nliam him gian lmg.
T t c nhng igiri cm ht tiu ]) c mt hiu
nay reii 111i?II Hc klng cug nhu nhng tc phm
i trv cii nhm ( troii liui ng mnh, kiu quyt
di theo s lnivh <o ca Bng phn u klii ngng
cho mt 1K*11 VUI ugli (lau tc phong ph diri ngn
c* ca ch iihm ven lure v ch ngha xa hi.
ON-VN-C
Nli tho
(Tp ch Vn ngh s 12, thng 5*1958)

...Chng l mt bn c hi, c u c cng ho,

ch mun. 11 tru ngi trc, niun c t do c
nhu v kv lul e tha mau th luh ha thn. Trn-
c-Tlo (ta nu ln mt trit l : ((Nhim v ca v
san chui/ru chnl l phi trihx t (lo c nhn
chng i li ehuveu chnh v sn. Chng l nlrn
k chU k g T quc, ng bo, sng cht mc bay,
(l c lm ti t* cho quc, min l riLig bn thu
eluun irtrc
smmo sng...
n

.,. Olmg Ri iigiri cii sau khng c tim c c,

nhng Iroui kh iiirri cng sn Vit-iuun a em
xi< mu ca mnh {^iiil lai t do cho n tc, ri
li (Tem sc lao <tuj4 lii?n tliit x3 hi Xi hi ch

295
ngha, mt x hi c t chc c kv lut, v nht l
khii c ngi bc lt ngi, th chnh ban thm chng
ton \ aliTn.j ko n curi, try lc, l) rc. Thm chi
di vi MY con, ehn<4 cung l ke c li. Bn a
s c v ri li 1)0 v. Ph m' l nn nhu ca chng.
Li c ihmi k m khi n chi uh bn, bn phi
(ln v* niil khi chng (ti vng thv ii l phi iig
ca ku 1I1 ! Bn li bt v con l uhig niri
trong trm* ra Ui (V c (tinVng hn bo (( Nhn van ,
chi (lng V con lm cng c (te bu diu cli
i i i ! Dng thmnu nht l uhhu )li ufi\ nhi m
c bit u l ho mnh l)u l bn thu, c bit au
t tug ca t ho v l ph hoi hnh phc ca
chnh minh. V con cc nhc nh vy cn h th lm
<*! ? iit 11111c phin, choi gi, au ung ba bi cc
Cliuh Iilin*n<
4 van. ngh s try lc aV l th
nhu nh vv trong lp hc va ri.
Nfr thi s 1ING-PIL NG
(Tp ch Vn ngl s 12, thng 5-1958)

...Nc c ca nhm Xuvn-hu-ang, Plian-Khi,

Trmmg-TVu, Trn-I)n, L Dt, V. V... qua cc bo
Nln v a n Giai plum )>nam 1950 cung nh luriig
r sau ti mt s n v vn cn" quu i climg
ti, cung (la gieo rc nhng tai hi ug ke ti mt
s anh ch em (lin vii hoc mi nhp ng, hoc v
trnh (t chinh tr thp km, nng cu, vi l tng
lch lc : bt mm* hng lc, v k lut, chu anh
hii xu ca t lig t sn mt cch ugm iiim
t khi ha bhili lp li, nht l cc vng thnh thi.
Nlnrng luu (liu phn ciig ca Nhn mn Giai
pham nlir l i t do du ch )>, C(chng cng

290
Ilrc ), v .v ... kch thch s tlin v i n non n v
lp Iririi*.
. . . Nluni qun i la l qun (ti ca nhu du,
ca Bn<> lao ng Vit-nam, c rn luyn sc
1)011 trong bao nm chin u anh dung, c ng
fa o c cho mt o (tc cch mng vng clic, cho
nu, nhng anh ch em ni tru ch l mt s rt t
iiiri hy cn ri rt li nhng ci xu xa m thi.
Nhm Nhn vn Giai phlm kia kliiig th no
(tiil la (tc lt c. Cu b v ton n v cnh
gic kp thi, n lc cao trch nhim hn. trong
vic xv (lii* l chc, cho liu nhng hiu tng xu
cng kh 11^tli n ti c lu di v b dp tt....
. . . Chng ti kiu quyt cng cc anh chi em vn
ngh s u tranh mnh m v trit (t, ln n mt
cch nghim khc tt c ci bn a i lt vn ngh
s, a lm <lnj chi ngha, vn chng (l bn Nhn
vn Giai phtn ) gieo rc nhng nc c phn
cch mng vo t tmg trong trng ca thanh thiu
nin lm cng tc ngh thut ang vn. ln mt sc
sng x hi ch ngha tru (tt nc ta v nht nh
gi vng ng li vn ngh x hi ch ngha do
ng lnh o.
TKXG-LOAN, VN-AN, T-HI,
C AO -S N , XUN-THNII, TRN . D
Bon vn cng qun i
(Tp ch i Vn ngh , s 12, thng 5-11)58)

...Clumg la a vch r c nlnm mnh khe xo

quyt ca cc phn l (( Nhn vn Giai pin J>nh
np chri chicu bi ca ch ngha Mac L-Iiiii, dng
vu ngh phc v cho mc ch clinh tri phn.
ng, n khp vi lun iu xuyn tc ca bn M
Dim miu Nam, lii* on (roiit mi i*;'uili vm
hc ngh thut, gy hoang niui<* v tc hi trong l
tng cc tng lp tri thc thanh nia, hc sinh, l
sn v tiu t sn.
Chng ta cng ph n tu Sc r ca nguii
t tng t sn th ch y. Tuy Iihiu chua han chng
ta qut sch c t tng v trong chc lt, u
lun lun i thi c (l tr li trong np suv Hh,
trong sinh hot, trong hnh ng. Bi vy (V mi Hi
vn ngh s cu c s cnh gic tng gi tn|4 )lil v
kin inh nit lp trmg x hi ch ngha vng ciic.
Trc mt ngi vn Iih s, hai con (tirii a
c vch r h t Iiguvu la chn. Mt li i Iheo
con ng vinh quang cii nhn, du, hai l tr li con
irug n l quc, phn li nhn (lu, con ctug
phn quc. Nht nh l gii vn ngh Vit-nam kiu
quyt i theo con ng Irn, v vch trn b mt ian
him ca bn ph hoi Nhn vn Giai )hm , bn
chng Bng, chng T quc, chng nhn du, chng
x hi ch ngha.
LNG-XUN-NII
Ha s
(Tp chi Vn ngh, s 12, thng 5-198)

...B mt tht chng (ti v chnh tr v phn ii*

v vn ngh ca nhm Nhn vn Giai phm tht
l r rng. Ring troag lah vc m nhc, li dng
v xuyn tc phng chm trm hoa ua n, t
do siig tc , h c nhng m mu nhm ph uhu
gi tr cc lc phm cch mng v khng chin, gieo
rc nc c chng i, hoi nghi trong nnh em gii nhc.

298
Dng tl on b* phi, lv gin, va anh va ko
nhu* chnh li h th ilin (l lii oan Hi nhc
s , chii<4 d a (1 ii i ii l u n h n g n h m ! i y , (1 p h i
kia mt cch gia lo, thc clit l i n ch phc hi
ilim khuvuh luri sii tc lai cng, y m* xa lia
llurc l...
. . . , nhm** ninVi cng tc m nhc trong phm
vi io (lc, chiii l i nghim k h c 111 m n h n g tir
tirii cli i nu y h i , n h n g h n h n g b t c h n h
v ni mu en ti ca nhm (( Nhn van Giai phtn ))
k i ii q u y t k i e m r a (le t a y t r ii ;ij d i h i c a 11C c
, o n kl cl il ch o v i u h n u h u n i h i d a y m n h
cn* lc gio (lc m nlic tren inmg loi vaix ngli
ca Dang.
PM-VN-CING, D/ON-MN,
PHM - NG, HONG - DNG,
v - TUN - nc, V - THUN,
O-TRNG-T.
Tr.g m nhc Vit-nam
(Tp ch Vn ngh, s 12, thng 12-195S)

...Xlm ph hoi Nhn vn, trong mt thi gian,

lm cho hai tiii Nhn van D b iihum nhhi ngha
xu xa hn lia nht: la bp, nham him, hi bc, ])t
ngla, ht nhn...
II1 p h n c c h m n g , c m u Nhn v n a p h i
li ii iiiveu hiuh. T trong bii ti l ra nhug tu
i< hc iii i hiu, (l bn to-rt-kt ; nhng tn
(( nh ho phim quc a c thnh tch ; nhng con
bun au c chnh tri V1van ngh ; nhng tn mt
thm cha truvhi C-Oi ni v nlnni ln gin ip
chuyn ngh.

299,
 Thu on ca chng cing a l) hc tran...
. . . Ilng ngtri tra ay, hoc hii tlii a muiv
chng cch mng, hoc chi mun cch mii khoan
chuvii hc h c tli gi* lm ut Iihii lc th
tu ri trn ng. An sau chiu hi u tranh cho
vn ngh di liu c Nhn vn, h tr thanh Iihmg
phn t kin quyt ph hoi cch mng.
Tt c nlim ngi (t ln ln (tin cung, h ht
tr UY cho nhau. V ting om sm ca h vang am
ln l h tng d l thanh th ca lc lng.
Kiu hnh vi th lc lirng , h t cho mnh
thm dng cm. H t nhn lv ci s mnh thm hi
l h nhui cu bc cch mang * o ang o chuveii
r sani
O xa
hi ch ngha vi ci tiu licli s khag g cirng ni.
Mu ca bn phn cch mng b )hoi bay.
Chng ta vch r ranh gii gia ta v bn
chng,
...Chng ta nhn thy dp ny s sng sut v lng
nhu o ln lao ca ng. iig a gip chng ta (tt
irc ci kt qu rt phn khi, l hm nay, sau mt
thng mi ngy hc tp, chng ta nhn thy ii
mt nhau v, khug mt ngiri ii\o ri rung.
ng n vi chng ta chi lnh.
ngh anh ch em vn ngh chng ta cng em
ht nhit tnh p li n B n g : chng ta, Iiguym tip
tc rn luyn trong u tranh cho t tirii x hi
ch ngha \
lm trn. nhim v igtri chia s van
ngh di l c vinh quang ca ng.
TH-L
Ch tch Hi ngh s sn khu V i t - n a m
(Tp ch Vn nghy s 12, thng 5-1958)

300
 ...H mun km hm cuc cch mng ngmg li
U*iin<{ (ly, cp eii ca ton dn, ca tng.
lm , h (l nui sn : Gp dp kh khn
ca ng, ca nhu (la, h uliv ra, m l i hi,
h ht huvii thuyn, pht cao l c, kt bmg nhng
mun gi lch ca phong kin. SUY tn, ca t sn phn
(tii, v h cng kliug quu c tn d quc, kt
hp vi tiui d t-rt-kt cn li trn min Bc ny.
Nhng tu gi ko n.lmg ta tr, lm thnh mt
by Nhn vn Giai plm # la sa om sm, cn vo
ng, cn vo nhn (ln. H l M Dim trong Nam,
i ch su, cng ch mm sa ra, tip sc cho h.
II gieo houi mang miu M e , ph nhu bao
nhiu m hi ca nhn, n min Bc ra hn
gn vt thng chin tranh, xy dng l nc. H
nhm mt trc nhng thnh lich qu r rng .
I gy n xng mu min Nam, ni gio cho
gic n p ng bo miu Nam. Qun chng phu
ut chng li lun iu xuyn. tc ca h. H bng tai
trc nhng ling tht cm phu vang i .
H l nlnmg ngi phn bi hn nhit.
H phn li v con h trong nhng ngy
giau kh.
H phn li bn b cng chia ming cm,
tm o vi h.
II phun li Bng cu vt h.
H phn li nhn dn khoan hngvnui
sng
o ho.
ll a phn li T quc, (tarum muy mnh
mi giali li um* c 1]> mt na nc.
BU-TIN
Nh vit kch
(Typ chi Vn ngh , s 12, thng 5-19^8)

301
NHNG NGI R NH HNG T TNG CA
BN N il X V A X GIAI P U M c C n i b
NG L N T CO...
...Chui la ll c vi on trch trong mt s
nhng bi v :
...T ngy ha bnh lp li, dc ImH ro llii iiui
gn v, uhicu lc li ii\\ ilur khug cn lUy linh clial
<IU\ kho v phc lp ca cuc au tranh giai cp ny
vi mi k th li him c l e quc Mv v lay chu
N-mli-Dim, chii hot ng ro rit khn ugag
e chng li la. V cuii a Lihieu lc, Iru a lit vn
he n g h Ih u t, t i k h iig c n ll y s ir ( la y p , c 11<4C

au t l ca nhng tu* l i r i i phau ng hoc l c hu

lun lch nhm tan cng vo cuc xay dng uen vn
lia mi ca dn tc ta.
...Mt mt, nliii lir Unmg pliii di hieu l tmi
nhng sch ho u tin v di pht thanh an (loi ca
M Dim, bo < ( Vn)) khii theo (li, (t kch, lt
ra nhung ci thi tha v nguy hi ca chng. Mi mt,
nhng tu* tng t sn sai lm, uhiig khuynh lurTL*
xu hot ng ngay trong *ii VU1 hc chng ta, CU11
klin c tch cc ch u tranh. S ph nhu th
gii quan cn ch ngha Mc Lc-uiu, ph ihii i
li vn hc o Bang lanh o, \' hoaii nriii nliii
nh v ban cht ca cli (t la v Iihfrnj thuih <Jti
ca lin vn hc cch mn< 4 ca ta... tt c iiluTiii lu*
tirng, khuvn.il hng y khug (tir-e chn nh Iit
cch ch n g , k p th i v ih iH * X U V C 11. K h n g n h ii

th , nguy I r ii ml bo n h ii [ \ 6 i ni ca I ih i l ir

tii v khuynh hii xu v 11UV hi a (irv <

1(3
ct ln. Nh mc Tin vm hc)) do ng ca liu ca
nhng hot dng van hc phiin ng ca mt lu bi ht
bn mnh cho M Dim (V min Num. Nhir (V mc
lng thut nhng bui sinh hot Cu lc b ca Hi

302
nh vn, cho iui uhViig kiu k h L ig ng m khng
c ph phn, (u tranh. Hay vi nhng bi tho* nh
(( L i me dn , ( / v c , nhu thv c thi v
lir tinVng c nliici! sai lch, ch nh ng 111 ri ph
binh iihimg ri bumg tri hay ch lm mt cch hi ht.
...Tuau ho Vdi ra circ 37 s. Nhhig khuyt
iem v ihhi* sai lch trii mt bo trfe ng,
(irv ([Utii di! l* |)h bnh tht l sng t. Qu trnh
cni tc (V lin. bt) Vn )) l bi hc rl Su sc cho
ti ve canh < 4ic ehiil tr, ve lp trng, v nhu tic,
vo ch tnriii, v; le li lm vic m ti (ta phm nhm**
lam lc. Hi he lm li thm sng t ti.ili thn, Ihc.
NGUYKN-HNG
(Nhn dn , s 1431, ngy 2 -3 1 9 )8)

...S 111 h) ve lp trng (l nh hng n cng

lc* cua ti Hi uli vn, ilit tuii bo Vn. Trong
khi cng chiu trch nhim vi cc (tag chi khc v t
bo, ti (ta e t* bo Vn i chch C011 ng ca Biig,
lch riri ahii nhim v trii lm ca cch mng.
Ve sii tc, uhag bi tl<)%hi truyn i su vo i
sng c 11<4 I.I1U buli rt li tha tht. Ila ira alnrug
bi xu nhu* bi th II v Cy tranh kch Mt
phU php .17/// dt( vn nqh ca Trii-I)uv li nh
vo nhng Iiuvcn tc can bn v lanh o vn ngh ca
Dang. Nhiu khi li eiug cm tliav, nh trong bi th Hay
i ni ca Trau-Dm, c ci g phiu liru, uhtru* cho
l mi s lm li, mt li < r th #, ti vn e dang.
Thi l mt ch Iroi n^uv hiein, v nh th thi khc
g UiV vu khi trong U4 bn c !...
T* HANH
(Nhn dn, s 1463, 14-3-1958)

303
 Ngy nay, sau nhng cuc tho lun ph bnh vi
ri, li mi nhn ra lroii< lm (Ui, lnh hiili khng
phai l mi s m p, ch c vic siu tc, m Irong
vn hc a c cuc u Irauli lir lir'ii'4 .IV (). '1'ir
tng xu ciii ulim Nhn nn G iai pliin (l
tip tc len vo c qumi ca Hi nh vn, v Iru
bo Vn gy nhiu tc hi. Xhii (UUI niMii I11 Ii
v sai lm ca ti, khch quan to (tiu kiu cho
khuynh hng t trnmg ca nhm X luiH Dn G iai
phm l i tli.uig c din (lu ca bo Vn, v mt
s c quan khc ca Hi nh vn nhu- uli xut bu,
cu lc b, e gieo rc nhiu quan ilicm cliiih tri v
Hh thut 111*11V hai.
Ti hu nh khii e raixg miu Xam CII
nm trong li ' quc M. B my chin tranh lm
1S ca M Diin ngy m tim mi cch ieo rc Iihu<
t tag th ch e ph hoi s nghip xy (lii
min Bc ca chng ta. Trong vn hc hiu nay, klin<
th quu rang mi tir tng hoc c li CIO ta, hoc
c li cho dch. Ti hu nh hang chn nh vi i>
cho nhng tir tug xu ca ho Nhn van cu cn
c c hi nhoi ra trn sch bo ca Hi uli vn, lm
c h o M D i m c CO' h i l i <lnj4 c g y h o a n g
mang cho ng bo mien Nam, v xuyu lc s tht
min. Bac.
Mt pha khc, ti cang clura nhn r miu Ic
iroag trn qu triih ccli niii xa hi ch Ii>ha.
Gch mii xu hi ch ngha m ra trn miu Bc
Vit-mun sau mt cuc chiu truah ti ph klic
lit, trong khi tiu hnh cch nnui< ruug dt. Vi
nhiu c (tiem ca xa hi Vil-nam, cuc cch 1KU1.4
x hi ch nglia (V m icii Bc nc la vu khi
Ih ra nj4oi uhmi* quv lut ph 1)1011, m trc nhai
l cuc u tranh iai cp mi ang diu ra ve mi
mt. Tt nhin, trc cng cuc ci to x hi ch
ngha th nhhig lc lng t hu ch n^lia kli 11.< 4
ln, plui i, rt sc chng chi v IUI lc no
ko lIu*o (tc mt s hoang mang nhng tng lp
gn cnh. iu rt r hin nay tru. mi mt u
tranh t tu'(Vn<! chinh tr, kinh t, vn hn ' lliuli
th v uag tha. Do v, cng tliy r l nhng ttr
tii Iiuy hi ca mt s Iigi, t' bo Nhn vn,
kh<4 phi Iif*u nhin. tu li v cng c CO' pht Irien
i kliui*, chng li ng, chng li ch ngha x hi
Iroiikl giai on cch mng cng chuyn uhauh, mnh.
Nhii* iu tri, trong llii gian. va qua, ti hon
ton kling bit xi ln v ct ngha c, trong lnh
vc vn hc.
T-HOI
Nhn dn, s 14C1, ngy 12-3-1958

305
 VI

CHUT B PHI B RA KHI

CNG NHNG LI TH
TI CA BN PH HOI
((NHN VN GIAI P t M
 CI CHUT
# NIX VN GIAI PM
B VCH TR N TRITC NH SNG
CA D L U N

Du nm 19 5 8 , c hai cuc hi ngh c a anh ch

em cn g tc vn ngh, ighin. cu Ngh quyt ca B
chnh tr B a n chp hnh T ru n g ng B n g lao ng
V i t-n a m , kt h) vi 2 bn T u y n ngn v Tuyn, b
ca hi ngh cc am cng sn v cc B n g cng nhu
hp Mc-t-khoa cui nm 1 9 5 7 . Ili Itgli au, thng 2
nm 1 9 5 8 , gm c 1 7 2 ugi d. Hi ngh sau, thng 3
nm 197)8, {'m c 304 ngtri d.
Qua hai cuc li iigh y, tl C nhng nhn vt
I>i i (t lUrc pht hin, tt c nhiig m mu, lun
iu, th on u b v c h trau. Nhng con chut
phi b ra klii cng. Nhng ngi t gic hay khng
t gic gn gi vi nhng con .chut y cng ti t
gic t ph bnh. D y l bc cui cng ca trn
ch in u chng Nhn vn Giai plm tron thi
k 1 9 5 0 1 9 0 8 .

Qua s pht hin ca hai cuc hi ngh 11 trn,

chng ti (lc bit nhm ph hoi N hn vn G ia i
p h m hao gom nhng tn (tu s, nhng cy bt
vit lioc nhiu hoc l cho ((Nhn vn Giai [)h(m
u l u r : Th-An, Nquti-hu-any, Trn-thiu - Bo,
Trny-Tni, Trn-c-Tho, Phan-Khi, Tran-I)uy,
Trn-Dn, IJ-Dal, T-Phc, ng-nh-nq, Hong-

309
Cm, S-Nqc, Cnt-Ngc, Vn-Cao, Nguyn-vn-T,
Phng-Qun, Homq-ich-Lnh, Trn-Cnq, Trn-Thnh,
Phnn-Vi, loiK-lut, Huy-Phnq, Vnh-Mai, Nhir-Mai
tc Chm-itn-Iiim, l ii-T h u iig , Nguyn-khc-Dc,
Hong-t-Nguyn, Iong-Yn, Thanh-nh, Yn-Lan,
Nguyn-thnh-Long, Trn--Vn, L-i-Thanh, V. V...
Nhng khng phi l tt c (cn nhng tn
cha ra mt). V cng khng phi tt c nhng cy
bt trn y u c nhng huh ng ph hoi giiig
nhau, hoc ph hoi vi nhng mc ging nhau.
C b n u s , c b n p h h a , c ngi b l i CU11
v ngy th chnh tr...
V s ng nhng ln cng tc trc tip hoc
gin tip cho Nhn vn Giai phm cng khai
th nhn ti li ca mnh trn din n ca hai cuc
hi ngli ni trn.
Dui y chng ta hy nghe mt vi l i t tln
ca mt s phtn t tch cc trong nhm ph hoi
Nhn vn G iai phm .

30
 NHNO LI TH TI

T I U N D X : Ti i t nhiig ht mn c nhn,
n c pht Iricii ln mi vi s tu ciig ca Ihnli tli,
dan tl thnh mt khuviih hiriig t tng v vn ngh
chng i c mu sc l t ig H -Phong, iiip d i
hai khau hiu chiMi h i: ( chng cng thc v m i))...
Ch ir n q ca hn v N<jiijn-Ii-fan(] tronq
p hoe 1$ KI c i a cc vn (jh s ; <c n l p hc
m i tm ngv, N u y e u -h u - a ii tr lu nm ph c
xung, sau nh c hi ny X (ly pht c*, nu
khng c Bang se khii c tham lii vi nhng (
ngh: gp T ru n g ii, ra bo, v.v... m cung s khng
c t Nhn vn.
T tirii chng i trong l i C iii n<4c dy. T u y
ng tnh vi N<iivii-hrrii-iii<f, soii khng ng tah
v phng php, na mt hm ti cng L- t, ng-
ih-lltig, ko n Nguvii-hru-ang tu ha mt
clip. i : cha nn nh thng vo ug l ch n h
sch ca T rim g ng, hay lp tru n vo T - H u v
cn l) trung iau mi thm (tirc. Bang ln tham lun
c chiu theo chag ti mt phu, ch l khc
nhau v chim thiit.
Lc , ti c\\ mui ihau c bi ny, duy tr
phong tro cho kho, rt kinh iu*him k (hiu tranh trc
qun i, trnh manh ng, c (lu d au tiig ming
xt li N h i nh thnq, xt li G ia i ptam ma xun,
xt l i th T - H h i, ri i n (a c Y1 (t? vn

311
ngh pht hin mn thun x hi, t do sng tc, v.v...
hni buc Daii cng nhn cc th i luu vn ngli
chng Dng v, cng nhu cc kiu sng tc ph phch
nh vo nh ll. Dng tlii cng nhn vai Ir
i tin ])hoii4 ca ti v ca nhm Giai phm ma
x u (n ! X h VV ti s tr' t h n h m t n g n c t r o n g tlO'
ca Vit-m un! Mt chef d'cole (th lu li Irinmg phi
ngh thut)...
Trn-Dn th t th tt c: ... Nhng sng
tc ca ti en l ci loi kch vo cc chinh sch
ca Bng c, nu c c mt ng nh th ngi ta
s cm thy s lnh o ca n<* l mt s ngt ngt,
khng th no sng ni...
Di i vi nhng su<* tc nh th, ti pht ra
nhng lun iu bnh chc cho n. Chng hn sng lc
phi plit hiu m u thun x hi ; Iigmri sng tc phi
c qnvn v c <*U1 nliir nh vit s thi xa, vua
chm (ti lni su ngi, n ngiri th bv vn chp
s ii nh s tht, vua nh phi chu vy. Hoc
ni ngi sng tc phi i u, bv gi l phi ii
nifii nhn u iraiih vi ch ngha Stn-Iiu... Toui
l nhng lun iu phnh ninh v h ho ngiri la i
vo con ng chng ng ,
T Nhn vn b ng ca, Trn-Dan thay i
th oan v vch cho ng bn cch ph hoi khc linh
vi hn v kin o hn: ct Vit by gi nn lm li xi
thi, tc l (t kch xen ca Iigi, th lmili o
cng phi bng lng. Ngay c ngha ch ca Iigi ti
cng bp mo i l: ca ngi nhng ngi smplcs gens
(nhng quan chng binh thng) h hy sinh nu nhn,
lm nhiu hng t, lirng ba vn su m xy (lng
ch (l h khng ng ca ngi sao ? L lun y vu
vn l ci l i i lp qun chng vi ng, i lj)

312
nhan (ln v*i lanh (tao, n nhm trong h thng t tng
ohii i ca ti...
Nhirnq li IIdi lur h vn cha thc l khn
kh<(), v vi hn (1(1 th : ...Ti ngh hay gi* c
lm sv vay, phi tim nhriig cch kha klo hn. Vn-
('ao c (1(3 ra V kin : (C By i(V c nm c s, tc l
nm cc nhm sii lc, lu (lan nhan tm s hirii ve
mnh, khc s* tr thnli chcf tPcolc )). Ti hon lon
(tiU . T ti p (lng mt ci jeu scrr )) (mrc
hi cht cho) hn trirv. Ti hav ni vi anh em: ((V
phai cho k 11 ni(Vi irv. Trirc h<v qu ri, (tu tranh
l) (ti, Giai pluun ma xnn , Nln vn eu manh ii,
vaiiies agitations ca. Cl c chui vo sng tc, tc
l ci gip lri.1 rn nhai, nh eun khiig chl !
i vi l chc, ti gi thi (t nim mng ; t
(lau ngi y, sai g tli lm, khng mua vic. B ch
l ci li i ming gam gh..., nam phc xuixg vit
Vit lc kl(Vi cng tr Di hi vn ngh. Ri ti nghiu
cu thi Le mt, Qiiaii-Truiig, ly truvn cu XUYII
tc thi uav. Tiu lm cung son Iroii khi nghin. cu
thi L mt
i , iri i
n chuyii
V li
c chua thm
v i l i bn x l (t ch o Iiiri
n c lin. h vi thi n ay.
*

Vil cho thiu nhi m CUI11 u c : i anh 1tri

l com mo, anh hn l con gu, anl a nng l con
la, iiih ninh ht l con ch u ct. Hon ci gig v
u c (V quanh No hong c (m ch l quauh Bng),
)hi nh (tii tiv mt ng tin thu^ minh (m chi bn
chng ti mi qut sch i (Urrc...) )).
Nhi chiuu li lon h hot (ng ca h n , Tr(n-I)n ^
(t p h i l Iil i : Tai ca ci gi l s ihip chng
C11 tlic, tm ci mi ca li ch l s nghip clag
ng lUiv Cui Iriim tri v khii kho lum, nh
th ni thi.

m
 Con ng ti i l i t nhng ht mn c
nhn n chng ng, ngv cng Iritin Irng.
Bi t chng i hung liig n chng (ti tinh vi.
B i t t tng tiu l sn hirng lc, t (lo v
chnh ph n t sn phn ng, ch ngha xt li v
t tirng t-rt-kit.
Ti tirng ti l mt ngiri c c suy ngh c lp ;
nhng s thc chng t ti ch l mt con bi, mt
con ri, m bn xt li, bn t-rt-kil, bn quc
x dng ty thch.
T i tng ti l mt th marlvr (t v (to) v
dn v ng ; nhng s thc chng t (li (ln, i
ng, ti l ml k ti , m dn ta, Bng ta cn
cha trng tr.
Ti tiriig ti l mt nn nhn ca quan, liu ; nlumg
s thc chng t ti l mt k ti nhn, ng nghch
v mu c (ta gv ra nhiu ti li i vi Bng, (ti
vi uhu dn, i vi bu b, i vi vn hc.
Ti tirng ti theo chn l, bnh vc cho nhng l
lun mi m nht, tin phong ilil ca lch s ; uhirng
s thc chrng t ti chy theo nhng thuyt phn
ng, muii hay khng, ti l mt th lay sai c
lc ca bn xt li t-rt-kt, bn quc !
T i tng con ng ti i l COIV (tng hy
sinh cao c, chemin de calvaire , s thc chng t
ch l mt con ng ti li nh hn m hnh pht
vn cn. cha xng t i!....
...Tt c ci chui gi l sng tc mi , c t
tng vi li chng cng thc ca ti ch l
mt chui nhng hnh ng ph hoi, mt chui nhng
ti li cht cao mi ln, mt chui nhng vin n xt
li m ti phn bi bn vo ch nhn o ca
ta, mt chui nhng mGi tn c a ca ch ngha c

314
nhAn i try, ch ngha v chinh ph, vi li ci u
c lm phn va ngu si, va tn nhm.
Ti gi danh cch muh, la mnh di ngi
rng ti ng mi nhn, u tranh chug ch ngha
Sta-liu, nhng s thc ll ti (la iig mii nhn ca
ch ngha t sun, chng li ch ngha x hi bt u
xy dng miu Bc l 3 nm nay. Ti u ng
hng Iig 1)U XI li t-rt-kt, bn chng cng, bn
gin ip, bn ph hoi cc c, v ng sau ht l s
git gim ca bn quc trm s chng chng
khp ni mi ci li, chng cht rt tinh vi nhng
i tng v m imrn pliu ng. Sut thi gian qua,
ti ma mav troug s iu khiu ca cc ng
dy t tmmg ch , ma may tn to, khc g mt
con ri phan cch mng lm trmg mnh l mt cou
ngi. Trong 3 nm qua, ti sng hn nht au kh
v hn hc. Ml chui ngy u m 11 tiu ma sc lc
vt cht v tinh thu. T tng th ch ph rng tm
hn ti...

(Vn hc, s 1, ngy 25-5-1958)

( Vn ngh, s 12, thng 5-1958)

315
 ...Trong ma (tng v ma xuu nm 19,7 7 , ti li
nhu c my t N/iri (U.in sl (Obsorvalour),
Tin nhanh (Express) v my s Tii hin i (Les
Tcmps inodemes) 1)011 Php gi v. Ti chuyn
nhug ho chi y cho mv niri trong nhm Nhn
van . N h n g s bo ch y gv tai hi rt ln, v n
xuvn lc nhng s b iu IIuii-*rt-ri, vu k li ii L ii-
x. C mt bi ca Hii-ri Lo-phc-vo-nr (IIiMiri Ie-
vre) xuvu tc, vu khug tUi Php v mt lv lun
cho l gio iu.
Xgoi rn, ti thng c Th i (Lo Monde) I li
Vit Php. Ti tip thu ni ( 1111< 4 v s ili.u* II
trong cch ti gii thch tnh hnh quc t.
...Theo hng v th ti (t (ti truyn b Iihhig tin
n uhim xuvn tc lnh hiili ni l) tron<< cc i)an<j[
cii' sn, cho rng c chia r, c u tranh giiTi plii
gio iu v phi dn ch . Thm chi li cn xuvii
tc tinh hnh ni b ang ta. Thc t l ti (t <4100 l ao
nliug lun iu phn (l 11 , vu khii* ca ho chi v
i ch. v l mt ti li ht sc Hhim trug : vi
chinh do y m ti a cii c nhng l t-ii> pian
n g tro n g n h m Nln vn VI troii* m t s n<iri
cng c kliuyuh hng nh th, ko di ci lo hi ra
bo Nhn vn .
Mt khc th ti li khuvii kh ch h hc tp l luu.
Ti liu m ti Iigh trc ht l cun Vn tuvii
ca Mc ng-gUcn V vn I(jl lliul D ixiri
hc ) (Sur 1art ct la littrature). Nhirug li cii
chuyn cho h nhng bi l lun c tinh cht xt li ca

316
tp Thi lin (ti(Les Temps modernes). R rng (ty
l mt cch tuvR Iniveii sn lum cho ch ngha xl li.
Tron.** hon mi Iim ti (ta hot <1n^ mt cch sav 1
m. Kiciu (lioi) li l)v th ti thv rui ti (tt
vu e ii ulur Iihfm<4 phi xt li (VAu Ty, c bit 1
l nhm ( Thi lii (li (Lt\s Tcnips nio(enies), trong
ay cliix!i h a n t h n li n.\\ t r c c vai tr.
...Troii* vic \\ h )t m i J, vi t lirii t
(lo (lan ch (IUI Iiii 111 llco lviu t (lo v chnli ph,
ti (la thong cm vcVi Iilini* sinh viu lm ci (( t
i . L c b h i k i n ti v v u e c n u l m h a y
Ishng, th ti tr li lt uii lm. Sau khi h thi bi,
th li li hin h cho h, ni ri h ch c sai lm
ve liii v phng php lm vic. Ti i! b qua ci
tinh clit cl* mi, lc hi ca tp Dt m i , v
hu thau ti cung (l tham gia ci Nhn vn )). tv ti
(la lay lp ririi i (lo l sn ni biih ci )t m & h ...
ban lnh ( l o th ti c thi luiig tung, lm
lc hirii iihii bui hp, thm chi kch lnh o.
Thc le nhu* th l ph hoi t chc, chng li Bng.
Kiom iem li vic lm t mui thu 1956, ti v
cng au xt. Xlni* sai lam, ti li ca ti thuc v
vn lp IrcVng, quan ctiem. Hot ng Irong nhm
Nhn IH )), ti (t lt xui ci lp irircmg xt li ca
ti ngy cn (V 1)011 Php v tham gia Iihm Thi hin
(ti )> (Lcs Temps moemcs) ca Ging Vn Xc (J.l\
Sartre). Ti a mi ci phn tiu b m li (ta tip tim
t r ir c k i a n h c n g t r i n h l d i g c h i u c a n h n n v
lanh (to ca Diui*. Thc t l ti a bin h cho giai
cp l sn v gv tc hi rl ln. Trc kia ti khng
H* niii ti c Ihc c nh lurTL n th. HAv [ li
mi thlv r. Ti nt au xt v xiu nhn li trire ng
v inrc* nhn dn,
T KAN-I) C-T HAO
(Nhn dn , s 1532-1533, ngy 23 v 24-5-1058)

317
 L - D T Ih nhn imi tr ca hn roni bo Nhn
van : ... L c u ti vi Niiyu-hu-Iaix* ch khc
nhau v chin thut. T u y khng tham gia bin tp
ahirng khi in s 1 thnh thong ti cung c n... Sau
s 1 ti tham gia vo ban bin tp mt mt v b long-
Cm v X g u v n -h u -B a n g kch nhng chnh l vi ti
thy Nhn vn c qun chng , mnh v o s dc
ting l ngi cm u mt phong tro u tranh, c
uy tin vi an.h em v qun chng sau ny. L i mt
ln na ti tnh chuyn kim chc danh vng c a ti
trn nhng sai lm ca ng.
T i tham gia Nhn vn vi thc l ngi lnh
o l lun ca t bo v ti cho ti vng vng hn
Nguyn-hu-aug. B an bin tp lc gm bn n g i:
Nguyn-hu-ang, T r n -D u y , Houg-Gm v ti.
... Cng v mang nng nhng l tng phn
ng v chinh tr nn ti tr thnh mt phn t tch
cc trong Nhn vn, mt tay sai c lc c a bn phn
ng v ca giai cp lir sn phn ng, tr- thnh
lng tm thi nt ca thi i u c nhng sai
lm ca ng kim clc tn tui cho mnh, q uyn
li cho mnh.
T Nhn vn thc cht l mt t bo chng
cng phn cch mng...
Vai tr quan trng ca L-Bt trong nhm Nhan
vn Giai plim c hn th nhn : T i i
vn ng T h a n h -B in h , H o n g -l -X gu yu vil bi tr li

318
L-lii-Biii, vn (ii<> X^nyea-thiih-Loa^ v Yn-Liil
cho t bo c linh cht mt phong Iro u tranh
rng ri bao gm c vn ngh s Bc Nam...
. . . B tn CII quaii im v sn chuyn chinh
ca Dng, ti vn ng Thanh-Chu vit bi Mu
dch v cn d nh vn ng Thauh-Chu vit v
vn nh ca. Ti <|> kin v tranh mt ngi
eo chn cho va giy mu dch.
. . . Trn th gii lc xv ra hai s k i u : v
1-o-nan v v Hmig-ga-ri. Lc ti rt bt mn
vi nhn nh ca Bng ve vn Him-ga-ri m ti
clio l tt c cho ch u< thi (tc ra khu hiu
tii* cng chuyn chinh. Ti vit bi Bi hc Ba-
lan, Hung-ga-ri (T lm p lc u tranh vi quan
im (t.
i lc ti c ngh (( gi c biu linh Trung
ng thay di irn li th ll . Nhng li lo, khug
niuii biu tnh xv ra vi nu c mt l ti s b
ht vo llit l, hai l Irong lc hn quti hn quan
s b treo c...9.
Sau khi bo Nhn vn b ng ca, hvt ng ca
Lc-Dl ra sao ?
0

Nhn vn l)i (tug ca nhng t tng Nhn vn,

t tirii chng i vn cha ht. Sau mt thi giun
cc bo III nh, tnh hiuli tr li bnh thng.
Chng ti li vn gp nhau kch ng, cho l c
oll...
Nhm Giai tlm li hot ng li, nng i li tim
tr Phe-C.hu, 1hc-Long bn chuyn chng i.
... Sau D i hi v n ngh, chiu hng xem chng
m rng... San (l Hong-Cm c hu v phn cng
vo trong ban im c nh xut bn, Trii-Dn vo
ban ngliiu cu img tc v ti vo ban vn he nc

319
ngoi. T i v Tnm-Du nht nh vi nhau : L c
lurm* anh cm kh (liieu tlioo ngha chii' di kli)
v bn nhau phi nng tinh tlii chng i ca anh
cm lIX, khn<* anh om (le cu an. Plurii* php ti
thng (lng l ni khch anh C111 . cliy llieo
lnh o .
luii lun kicli, nlur sau khi lo;'m<4-
... L c ti
cim vo chp hnh li kch (c Vn-Cao li cung kch
n l n r Ih c ) : Oii u ih lm 1V11 r i , ii q u i i a n h e m .
Ilav Nuvcii-thnh-Loii, X<iiivii-khc-DiVe : V;i lm
va run . Mt mt khc li bn ra bo o tip lc
chng i l)u<< vn ngh.
Vu-Cao khu< l)!ig lii, ni anh cm cha hi
p h c sa u tr n N l n v n , p h i l m a n h 0111 h i p lu . ic v
sng tc. Khi c sng lc nhiu se ly tin. Luu-liu-
Dc 111' nh xut bn Auleurs ilunis . ly *i' U11
nm lv c s anh em v mnh sng tc .... Lv lun
c Iloug-Cam, IIong-lich-Liiih, Nguvii-klio
c tu thnh... .
Quan h ca L-l vi con m qiii ip TIiiii-
An irc hn k li nhir sau :
Thy-An bo li: K li cng phc H* llvl,
Dang mi Iigi nh lli m 11! vn gi (lirc earactre
(c tinh) ca mnh . Ri Thv-Au khen th ti, Iii n
sinh, cng nhn rt'thch. Thv-An lun luu mi (lii
c th v klicn nc 11'. Tliv-Aii ho : Th ny (lch
ra ngoi th km gi th lli <ii , ti li cuig on lnh
o hp hi, dim mnh, cii* tlich Tliy-An. Ti i
tuyn, truvu cho Tliy-An l tt, l mi ev bt ph
n \u;it sc min Bc, ti thng ni u l) d
c m y t a y . T h u v - A u ( l u a V ti (li m a y o , (li im i a
vi, 11UIV o cho cua ti v i lv c mt chic giirii
ci cho C011 li. Thy-Au n^hiem uhin tr liuh tliu
Ihuc vi ca gia dinli li. Mi lun li gp Tliy-Au, sau

320
khi ni cliuyi ve tir sau, ti thu*m< bl mau, chuau b
i Nam, tin B.B.C. (i pht thanh Anh) ve hip tlurng,
li k chuvii Tt-xi-nhi, chuyn. cc pl.i vii chiu
tranh, cc lieu Ihuyt Ur sn, v SUI ]:l kdi vo
s lih o ca Dang cho l lian. ch s pht Iri ca
ti ixii*. Mi lu (V uli Thv-An ra l mi IL ti thay
mnh ti gii thin, on Diig thm v chn iiiiii thm...
L II o4 tiu tiru*
n vo i)an.<4
n c a t i m t (lim ch o li n k h i
Thy-Au Hi n nhiu con iiir*i khn ai i )>,
li eiug l hi itl ii ca minh u? .
Nhn inh ca ti o Rgtre ca. Ti lun luu
ttcMH tiii H.l.c. ve eqiiim, lm ci Ioi cho mi luu it11
t sau phui ii... " nc (t Iih ihi vic l) khai tr
khi ang ti elio l tt, ciL cl bi i 1>, cni t (lo.
Ti c Nam hoa kinh v lib lr (kinh thnh). Ti
ao c c 1)0 r qnc i Php...
L-Bt cunq ki? 111 Iho v nhU l(ic phm n
ca h n . N l K l i i phe phn d V i ( t i t h i r n

h i h i , lInri c l ( ni Irn m i p h n IUO ci // lli c

chng (ti vi (U(j, ij ilc phn ny, ph hoi cua
hn. L-t t th :
Ti bt u on irn li cii ii bm* s
ph Iilu vai tr lan.il (to ca lYiui Iroug vn uh,
b m to vai tr c a ngi lm llio', phnh n ia h l lirig
tm ci thi i, [V i\\\ inrixg ca cuc sng.
Troii Giai phttni KI Xin, li uh trng m
la li OI1 sm cho mnh l liiu thiili viii ca cuc
sU, sut hi sut nm maii qu a cilu rong c
Hiig Uhiih lo xirc i vo B tm him quu
chng (tc Ircli vic xay iiii Iilnm<j co 11 Iii
(theo li phau (ii4 lu* Stii). Ti ph Iihu sir ^io (lc
ca Dang m li vu khng l cui thc , x (ly
vo mui, han hc vi nhrui Iiiy irY Dang cim sc.
T i bal nhn, (lo , lu loa ln ti da sng ulthit
ngv thm hi, khi ngoan kliig dtn lm ngi 1)
(ngi phan ii*)..., (ta kch nhii{4 cu b lu nin
ca ng... ku gi chng i ph plieli...
Vi5 b i i h X h i c u cIin m d i lUri l l ,
L-D l t nhn : (( Xlui c bo Nln (ln thay c iH
tin mt ngiri l l v cha 111 cng lm ti lin v
ngay ly xuyii tc bp mo, mi gia lmli mi mui
dao nhn m vo lii ch .
Ti say m vi cug vic phau iH av, de 111 het
nhiet tiih phn cch mng vo bi Nhn i chuyn
m nqi i .
Hng Iihiig li th xo quvt ti (ta i\\\i 111 mt
moi tnh ngv th troii trng gv cho khung canh lau
V thm lm lv v gy s on hn iu rong liu
ngi c. Ti ua ra mt lot cu hi, iilnnig kv llic
va hi va tr li, e buc li ch ta.
H11 nht v bt lii lum lm ti cii li (liH
lng *. ca quan chiui vi ho Nlun (ln, iln< 4 ho
N hr (ln ulur mt uiii hiu (te la l)ip mi lgiri
l 4 ru nc c ph hoi. Dc ho Nhn dn s 822 )
m u bi th chinh l e Ihc hin ui iniru (lng
ng uli Bng mt cch Ihni c ca ti.
Ti hn hc vi s lHuh o ca Dang llir chcc
(( bc cng tui t gia tri tim . Da kch s lnl (lo
ti d m ca, khuyii khch khi (ly iihhi rc
ri ba ruli, lm lut s biil vc cho lu cao hi,
lu manh, *i im, (li cho chng (irc quveu sii
gia eli (t() lt p ca elmj la, cht ui Irong vc
su phan cch mng...
Nln sinh (im ca L-)l CIK (t (lc hn phn
tich thrni :
...Xuat lliu t it cp t sau bc lt, VIO i)iig
vi ng c (tia v, coi thng qun chng lao ng,

322
k h m * c l i u k i i v q u y l ii u liv t tng g ia i cp cu
c a m i n h , U11 6 c c h i k i m c h c c a t i c i g n g v
c n g p h t t r ie ii, n h i l t s a u h a b n h s n g g i a v n g
v a v c a g i a i c p tu* s a n .
Lay v cung c hi, kim chc lp Irirng )) tru
i mt ngi ct Oi111 ri u lc ve Il-iii li hiu
iiuyn hnh giai ca ) bc lt kliih cng Iiag ruiig
rv v, cho v khu xni u vi miili.
B n g c h i T - l h T i t i v i ti r t lt l u i l u n i i n g
(l li, nhng t tng ho hc kim danh khin
ti uhiiL ng chi ulur mt bc tng cu hc tiu
c a m n h , l i q u i h l c I i l n m g i u tt c a ug
c h i T - l l u , h a n h c k c h liii d m n g clii x u n g
n i g m n h 111.
B n g i vi ti c r t n h i u u h u , k o t i r a
khi biui tay phn (tug ca 1)II Quc dn ug, cho
l i c n g tc an c c n g c h l a i h t, c h o ti i t h c
t c a i t o , i u g u h i i s n g l c c a t i, i i k h i
va chm vo quyn li c* nhu, ti tr nil tn cng
vo ng, nhay saii Iran a ca giai cp tu* sn phn
ng v lm ngi phi ugii ca chng.
L lun. nh vn khng cu i sng ring )>ch
l c i l chn cho n h n g tu* tiriig t r y l c c a iai
c p tir s n i b i p h t triii. K h a u h i u C( m i )), (( p h
cngo thc ca ti CII
n l mt
* su*
. ni lo an ca ch
ngha c nhu t do l sn. tu cng vo s lanh o
c a B n g m 11 thiv k m h m 1V t r o n g s i n h h o i c n g
nh Iroug sii tc.
(lon ngi chung chung m ti bo v i con.
n^inVi ltr s n l c h u 1), l i n g n i CUI ti t r t h u h
ting ni ca n.
Con ml IU ci ccli rung l (Tm<< l con mt
c a ial c p l i, v n (h q u e n I ih in tl y I ih i i g ti c
d mau ca giai cp du ch, ch cn nhn thy mt

323
s sai lm lch lc ca cu b, t pi nhu thng
l'i cn ban. ca tu.
...Clii s l) li a iiA ca cho nliVi )hiinL
phan iu, pitu li liili lio u* ti elom clv. Ti (lo
cho Bang h llip con iiiri, nlum diitth li h
t h a p l i x tii ig, li clixt s l a n h o c u a l)ii<4 m
ti cho n l 1ln )} con. iri, ( li thc s lio
thnh 11 1(* cho tir iir 1114 ca tji:! e) l san. lc liu.
D i nhn hiu chii 0 b phi l iili (lo Li u )
hp Ihiili mt ulni, mt h phi thv s chii4 Diig.
T i nII nhi c h i u bi trii<i rii<4 e l a !)]]) q u a n
chia tan. cn L vo Dai4....
) ? k e u i v i ) lo i a '1 iih , // d v iiH :

(( T i ioc nhau YtVi )I Ur-rt-kit, !)ii (lau

c c c h mnii<, ])i p hiiii ;i4 c h I h n g , l)ii 14inii
i p , (ti s u v o c o n ( lir a g l i l i, d i i g I r u t u y n
ca ieli l)n li ch ulia x lii, hau li cha un; V
C011, n h iii h n b iliiL v u c a i i.
Mi bi th ca ti l mt haiiU dLg phm bi, bt
nhn, bt Uha.
T i llitrng r 11 rao l Diii khi liieu ti, quu
chng l i i sir s hieu li, ilin i l)i nam qua ch llv
quan clin lao ii phau (li li, lich sV ln i ti.
ng l ti nhil li i cliaii qua ch c iil h )hii m*
bt mau v i )!it UuulIi Mv Dim... .

(Vn hc, s 1 - 25-5-1958)

(Vn r[h, s 12 - [ig 5-1958)
 IO XG -G A M rnh b li qu trnh tham gia
il Xln vun - (ltti ) li( m :
... i) s;iii rai nliin iM toi V!<> eli (l), li s?in
mt m luii (iru p i (L O.IIH l (irimg li
chiih sch ra Xuu, iihat l ve mt vti ngh, l)II
c n li m i vi va i. e llK*. n iic tht ve (tVi sng v
sni> lc ra viii n^lu; s, lai c ihieu ilic mc gi
lo (lo uii; lun iu rei kia (te ra, (lo kiig chiu
hc tp chinh s *]', kh chu tm hieu d 11 l \c phi,
l i 1V I ii in iiili lm ( hu l, lay sch n h o g i o lm
chan lv, ih r i vie ir Um n l i hnxt h i nhy vo
lm ho X IUI l mt h n h nq c thc. T i
ch (ti (la vo ln. Dai, la Phan-Khi, de ly
cli ma hi, mc ch ('a li khi Iiliii li cRg tc
vi l n OUU, t i P h n i i - K l i , l n h m phe bn h
k d i vo lanh (to van uih.
. . . T h l ti a 1)0 l t vi t o c q u a n Hi
van !>1h
n (le lm bo Xli >(I. ri (ta l nt tn o
Iig, 1)0 lti igtl cch miu, di lm mt tay sai ii
hi ch o lu* sau phim (lii. T m t Iiirm Ir n g c ve
hieu lnh ((iilo tha ,* ko l l
ci xo thit o
lc, hiu (uil, hiu sac, lliin tieii tnmj cc tieni tr,
tim c ])1\ hru (iiU, (lim c va i (lc (l(n li l)*i
n.h )! a H i 1 L, t i <M r l Jih;: li c h n g b i 11
thnh mi Voa raiL c can li cch ln
B i u (]<m Uivi T r - D ca H o i-C n i U
rc bo XIu vn /v /v/c /h/ ta phn iich (tng
c<t th (loan
v lc hi lr sau :

325
 C( TnnVc khi vit bi ( Con nqtri Trn- Dn , mc
ch ca ti l pliu tch ra ml klnivel iem (li dio
l kluvc (linn ci IMin viiii iuIi quan. (li), theo
ccl uiiii l ti (m ii cho l hon loi tlui). 1MiV
bv ci khuyt liem v ra, (le bili vc Tru Dm,
i thi l bnh vc mt kn vu ng, e niam
da kicli vo Phng vi iilu; v (tng ch To-Hhi m
ti cho l ntLUi a ch tam h t Trau-Dan. Khi (lt
1)111 vict th ci <f xt tlurii*, ai on, lm ly trn iip
vo ci f tri tim ai on, lm ly ca ti, ci ( tri
tim ly lun, (ta khng C1 my may rung ng trtrc
bt c m t c i \ s n i s a t r o n { l n h , k h r i e u rang
n q v 1V i u o i ^ IIO l u :t, m c h ( : i ii l i m i b m
o n cn t iili vu suy i, ti 1011 nlU* rl s i hiVa
th ti lin.
Ti a tuAn tlu'0 (( ci Iri tim nbir th
m n^i bt c tuu ra n.lUii4 chat 111011 (tc (lia. . .
Tun theo mt (( tri tim , khi c uhir th, n11
bi C o n Kri T r a n - D n * k h i in r a (ta k c h (lng
vo tt ca nlimi ci hn. vu, ban thu su c mt
s tliail nin nnm m>, <J[V ra mt khng khi hi quan,
y l io i a ^ li (ti YVi c h , h i m o n q u n . (ti. B i
hao (l li U n y liiem ch n len. li, Hiam sau vo
tin.il c:\in iiiiri (c, nh mt clt c m m ict
chm tm hon ngi c. B(Vi vi trong cch vil ti
a tu lm s (lng k thut m lm ly ha canh
ng Tru-Dan, U mt cnh ca hul thng trong
phng lm vic cua qun i, ti a hnh duii ra ci
era nh l on li, t mt c K. m ti bit l cung
khi trou^ sch, thv m, n^y th (lu, ti a lo
thnh mt c K* tt (tp, m t Iiuiri v l Urn )).
Hnh iin.il r K. iroin hi ve vut ihuii*
n tm h*)II
ca c <i lc hu, llim cho h mt sc mnh (li
quyn ton ti nhng ci sa a (V gia cli (t nv.
Bi bo ny, cng vi mt lot hi th tinh ca li

326
v ca L-, a m ca cho nhng ci rc bn ca
x hi cu nge ln. : nhug (rai gi (ti ve van nhau
tru II Ty, irom viri Bch tho, cao bi, lu
manh, gi im. BYi bo l mt ting gi ca tnh
yu bt chnh, li gm cua mt tm hn i try,
ting ku lam ly Ihiii thit ca mt con thp thnh
khi khng i c lm mi phng, c th
ni bi bao (16 l mt vic ph hoi vo tm hn. qun,
chng, vo (ti si xa hi v i sng chinh tr ca
nhau (ln .

Trong thi k) t, Hong-Cim cung t th a c

Ihnq hnh nq c J ih c ch nh tr i nguy him
nlir :
a Ti (ta li ko anh em miu Nam vit bi (Houg-
l-Xguen, Yeii-I.an, Thauh-Binh) thm vy cnh,
ci n n h n g ting n i c a a n h em m in N am k h c
tui cng kich ho Sl van.
T i bu bo so 1, ly (aboim khong 25 t)
cho hau kch Bng Phoii, gi ngi bu h vi mc
ch luvii truyn t tng ca t bo vo on
kcli Dng Phng, hng li ko nhng anh em ng
Phng thm vy cnh.
Ly bi Nhn cu chun mi ngi t t
ca Lc-t, mt on T i ug ninh mng ch mt
ngi Ng )) cua Tra-Du v mt (tou th ca Vn-
Cao, mc (tch e quaug co cho tp th aCra b i n *
lc aag iu, Vi bi th L-.it, ti cn c ngh
s x|) e a h hi Co I Vitiri T r n -D i cho tug tlim
phau bi i...
Sng ch' ra mc n c Iri tn rt x l thm
hini VX mt bo.
 Tcli cc i hp bm, tham gia thirTig trc t
ho, lun lum xuoi nh UI Xuu-lhu cha mo-
rasse (lm in th) v Irng nom iu...
S diu l;rl ln otitq-Cm lt bon Xi/ui/rn-hm-
taiuI, Tr'n-)ii, Minli-Dc, IKV... cnq c IIon<-C(ni
ke i :
Xoi iiihi* cuc hp bo <v nh Tc, Xguvn-
hu-Dan", Trui-Thmh, Tra-l)uy, nhng cuc hp chia
tiu nhun !)l ca Giai phm, m mt vi lu ti ch
n" chia, vi ci Ihc n anh ti chi bi lliu
thil vi Tran-Duv, X.nivn-hu-Dan.g thng ko nhau
(i 11 U(11<4, hoc vi Miuh-c th ngy ngy n. nh,
nom' rm m tv,
^ y Hiiq
o cli. N i
duii V 11 l n
r tr truV
t c . ii k h o c , n i Xcu e i i) x i a lu h , Hi x u t n g .
C I11 lii, IroT mt eue ui eliu V} 11 bc nhau
ln, L(M)t lli hao Xmiv:i-irii-);inj lm b trinViig
vn hn, N ^U YiM i-lihi-BaiU Ihi hao : Y aii-O ao lm v
irinV 14 Uih lul, Phati-Yi lli lm (ton trii kich,
Hoi c Ihu lliav IIoi-Tiumh, th trong c ti
cn
' n i ln c i t h a m v o i u a v i chiiTi tri ;>.
Tik (iut li, [IoiH-Cin t )h phn :
<
f Tm li, t khi bt u lm bo Nhn rn, ti
ng lin v lp trng tir su phn ng. thc chng
li ch (t t ro trong nhng bi vit, trong vic i
li 1<0 n^mVi nv lmVi khc, nhu thn' trc, nhn
mi s phn cng ca tm Dang v hi v, ch ng
iroiig vic chn (ni sng tc vn th, tn (hnh v
)li ha vi cc hi khc t s6 1 n s "> . Tir tiig
ti troui thi ian hon lon l tir lng th ch
ch!i|4 Bng, chng ch , chng ch tnrng chinh
sch ca Dang.
Ti tu thnh v ph ha vi nhng luii iu
chng v san cluiva chnh, i t do dn ch tuyt i,

328
(ti trm hoa ua n' ba bai. Khi Ba-lan V\ lung-
i-r xv ra bin it?, li cun.fi llfiW : By l ccli
mn ca qiu clii chng lai h thU quau liu )).
K hi Uhv tiu qun (li Liim -x gip nhn u lIuii-
ii-ri, (tnh tan bn phau cch nuuig li cug cho l :
L u - x c a n U i p v o n i tri m r c k h c , L i u - x v n
l hv thng sta-!in . au c ti van la v en ti mt
mi Ih hn du lc.
Tinh luli Iroug urc Ih ti m mt khii bit g,
lai lc no C1U YCiih lii SU11 sng ch ughc nhug tiu
on phn, (tng, H*he mt ccli chum ch v khoan
khoi. Nhn tiu n cng lm cho u c ti thm say,
v Irong V ngh tham mong c biu tiiih thay i
Chnh ph hay t ra Cliiu! ph cug phi thay i ng
li, thay i cn b. T i xon ly tn Duv, tcu tang
ihc chng n phnh nnh, bc ln chi li Bng, nghe
tiu \, chuyn g cug c mm chng n, ti tin chng
u hn liu sch, li a hn vi chng li lm mt, khi
ciui n, khi eiui ng, khi cng lm, chng n ta ti
l ban. qu * ti phc chng II l bn t.
... C mt thi gian N h n vn Giai pham t
ci bu cht xu ca ti iiv ra tir tirng chng Big,
ch long nt ci, ti a (tii sang mt trn. bn kia.
Du c Ih hn bt mt ti, ti thnh mt anh hng hi
\i li, mt khng cn trug tliv i, tai ch nghe th
ch phnh nnh, v c li t miuli phnh nnh mnh,
mm cii l hl, citt lv kh th dung cm cm
viTng bt ph hoi nuy him.
xi mt cch khc, ti cung ch l mt con. nga
chiu m Iihhi phau l' phn ng troii giai cp t
su a ko dc v lm con nga cho n ciri
xng xo (liil vo ch ta. T tig v c giai
cp t sn cung em hai ci <
l a che hai bu mt

329
ti, ch cho ti nhn mt chiu, c th m \\ lon.
T i a t h n h m t mirri i t i c tai Hhc D a n g , si ai
nghe th .
C ci kiu ngh nh th, (V mi hnh (tiu, mi
li ni, ti eu ti rng mnh iiii lum Dang, niin.il
l ni biet chm l hn ii*. Th ra l Iilif*n< lir
tiru<4 phm (tng, nlum lun iu, qunii ieni phau
ng ngam sau vo c vo tim ti, u liu (lil
ga11 ht iihiis ci tt luli ca li trong uliiig nam
khng chiu. Ch mt khong thi gian Hm, nhu^ ci
nc c, nhng ci g xu xa 1M1 km, liii lli hau tliu
nht a xam nhp nhanh chLU vo ntiri li, hiVi ti
thuh k th che , lav c 111 (long ticii hrug ca che
nui n 1111i mc, phn xc ra vo c quan ang,
phn hn Hm trong ci cui ca ha phi (tiU. Dell
n i r a v o n h M i i i l i - D e n r u c h , ti c h o l R i s n g
tt p nht, n li n hng n'oi quc ])... u bnh
ung tr, ti cho l licli s nht, k la vo scli tng
t bn ngoi quc li cho l mt c ch van minh, len
Dang ko u n cam Iili tir sau N.S.L, li cho l
no*i gia nh m p ulit, giao tiip li quan.il quan
mv fia nh t sn nh nh 1\, nh ).T. linu<4
n thng thc m tr ngon, ba cm ngon, Uhc
h phnh ph, mm ti li iuii ra iilin^ li ch hai
Chinh ph,... T i l i VUI (ui chiu b i hao v nhan,
phm v v ngc ku ln :
D s i c c n c a IHO n h n p t n
T i c n h t /o, (l k h n tivi(% it hcr.

T h c c li t c i g i l n h n p h a m / ti I1U l n c h
l ci nhau phu111 mt nhu cch , ci bt linni
troug li sng t sn : u c, bc lt. Ti a lm inat
ht gi tr con ngi ti bng nhng hnh ng mua
danh, trc li, ko b ko cnh trong cng tc Nh xt
bn Ili nh vn v trong cVi s11 ring th ti (t chn
i m ra cu an, uriig lc v sa vo ci h duy tm
li mt l (i xem bi.
Vv m Iro. S!1* lc ti vn kn go bo v niii
plini thi thl l ([ui g<v, v cug tht l la bp,
(tiu uoa
n .
( Vn ngh, s 12, thng 5-19.18)

VN-GAO cng l n h n :
6...Ti (ta b mt u phm cht cch mng, m qung
n ch khii thy c s phn ag ca ch ngha
tir bui i i vi s tn cng ca ch nha quc
Mv v b l tav sai t hn ngoi vo, trong bc ngot
lc h s c a giai o n c c h m n g x hi ch n g h a. T h m
ch nhng nhu Ilrc ca ti i vi tnh hnh th gii
v trong nc (t ri vo ci vc ca ch ngha xt li,
lm ti nhn ngc hn nhiu vn , bp mo s tht
ca i sug theo mt tm trng qun qui n en
ti, c khi khng khc mt k th. T tng ch ngha
c nhn v qumi nim ngh tluit l sau ca ti (t
phii ng vi t tng v ngh thut ca ch ughi
x hi. Lun trong mv nm, ti t v minh vo mt
h thii* hot (tug chng i liu tip trong vn it
lm ngt ngt s sinh hot t tuf ca chng ta. Ngy
1M\\ nh cuc u tranh va qua, ti mi bt u
linh n<4.
rroii kl cc u<' chi iiig phi tch cc u tra ih
vi nhfm<4 m mu ca nhm N hn n n Giai p h i n ,
ll ti t biu muli tliiih tay Irou ca ba cm
du Nln vn G iai puim hot ng trong ni h

331
ng. Ti ng v phia bn Nhn vn Giai
phin chng li ngh quvt ca ng, v gieo rc
nhng quan im vn ngh nguy hi ca ch ngha xt
li, li ko b cuh cho nhm N h n v n lng on cc
c quan vn ngh. Nhng vic tc hi nghim
trng trong hng ng vn ngh, gy ra bao nhiu tn
tht cho phong tro vn ngh. Ti thl c ti vi nhu
dn, vi ng. Ti v cng hi hu .
(Vn hc, 3, ngy 15-0-19.'))
 VIII

MT TRN CHIN BU B KT
THC. - NGH Q U Y r CA GI
VN NGH V CA BAN CHP
HNH H I L I N H I P VN
HC NGH THUT VIT-NAM.
NHNG,CUC BU TRANH CHNG
T T N G N H N VN
G I A I P H M CN T I P T C
 T R N CHI N U K T THC

NGH QUYT CA TM TRM VN NGH s

TRONG CUC HP NGY 5 - 6 - 1 9 5 8 T I H - N I

NGHE BAN CHP HNH HI LIN HIP VN HC
N G H T H U T V I T -N A M BO CO T N G K T
CUC U T R A N H TR O N G VN N G H V A QUA

C h n g ti, h o n t m t r m v n Hgli s c c n g n h
v u h c ngli th u t, c m t Iroiii c u c hp ivgv 5 - 0 - 5 8
c a c c c n l) v n h a , g i o (lc v vn. n g h , n g he
B a n c h p h n h Hi lin h i p v n h c n g h th u t V i t-
n a m b o c o tong k t c u c u tr a n h c h n g n h m
Nhn vn Giai phm trong thi gian va qua,
n g h e n g h q u y t c a B a n c h p h n h Hi lin. h i p v n
h o e 11ol' th u t v c c c n o t c l n t r c m t.
C h n g t i v c n g p h n k h i v i n li im g thii|4 l i
to l n thu c Irii m t trn tir tng, m t tru
vn hc ngh* thut, chng nhm Nhn vn Giai
plni tron" ba nm qua gieo rc Iiliieu qu an (tim
p h n n g v e c h n h tri, v Vut n g h , v h o t n g i n
cuii ehiii li c h , a n g v n h n dn .
C h m i' ti lu n lu n ghi n h n h ng bi hc <ju
hu ca cuc u tranh ny, tnrc ht l nng cao cnh
gic chinh tr, si('l cht hng ng, nht tri hc theo
l c ca Dan 14, tip ti.ic u tranh ho v v pht tritt
n g li viii ngh v T q u c , n h u (ln, vi ch n g h a
x h i ni pln.ic v.
 Chng ti nhit lit hng irug Hh quyl ca
Hi U$l Ban chp hnh Hi lin. hip vii hc ugli
thut Vit-nam ngy 4-(>-19,18, ra sc hc tp chnh tri,
hc tp l luu ch Iiha Mc L-iiin, hc l|) cc
ng li chnh sch ca Drtg v Chnh ph, kh n g
ngng nng cao trnh l tirug, vn ha v ngh
thut.
Chng ti v cng phim khi s (tc i su vo
i siig ca cng nug binh, c the trong su thng
trc mt, tlico l i ku gi ca Hi liu hip vu hc
ngi thut Vit-nam cti v lm< 4 thu, hm m, x
nghip, cng tnrng, cc u v c s trong qun, i,
hc tp trong lao ug sn xut v au tranh ca c;i<
nng binh v nhu dn lao ug ni chimt, tip tuc
ci to t tng c sng tc, bieu (lin, nghiu cu
v ph bnh tt, phau nh (tuv hn s iihip v
i ca nhu dn, lm trn nhim v vinh qumi<4 ca
ngi chiu s iru mt trn vn ugli.
Nhn n la (t thu dc ulrug ti ih lch to ln
trong ba nm khi phc kinh t v u Iraiili thng
nht nc nh, ang phn khi thc hiu k hoch
pht triu k in h t v v n h a . G i i v n chng
ta va thu c thng li cu bn Ironi cuc u
Iranh t tng quyt lit. Mt 1U11<4 i mi, lnh mnh
khe khon ang thi vo i sxig nhu dm ta, i
sng vn hc ngh thut ca chng ta.
Chng ti tiu lirug trong khii kh ho liirug
mi , nht nh chng ti s lic t) c kt qu,
i vo thc L c kt qu, sng tc, biu iii, ughin
cu, ph binh c kt qu, pln.ie VI.I dc lc hu s
nghip xv dii min Bc lin ln ch ugha x hi
v u Iranh tliug nht nc nh.
Ngy 5 Ibng 6 n a m 1958

330
 NGH Q U Y T CA BAN CHP HNH HI
LI N H I P v A n h c n g h t h u t VIT-NAM

C u c du tranh si ni ca ton the anh ch em

van Ii>h s chng nhm (( Nhn vn Giai plin ,
thu c thn<4 li lo 111. Ghu tng chnh tr th
ch ca I)11 cm iu nim ph hoi bc trn,
nhng hot ug v 111 mu him c ca chng
b li ra uh sng. Quan im chinh tri v vn nli
phim ng ca ulim Nhn vn Giai plm cn
bu b uh ; trn mt Iru vn hc ngh thut,
chng ta bc u (tnh lui tir tirug th ch khoc
o ch ngha xt li gian tr.
Nhng thng li quan trng tru y nh (lu
mt lnrc cliuvii bia mi ca vn hc ngh thut
tron^ giai on miu Bc iie ta bc vo thi k
qu tiu ln ch ngha x hi. Sau hu ba nm phn
u khng igiU, l thng li bc u ca cch
mng x lii ch ngha Irn mt tru vn ngh v t
tng.

Qua u Irunh, mi ngi c nhn r nhm Nhn

van Gi( p l i n l mt nhm ph hoi, hot ii{*
hl s c 11<4uy h im trong lu h v c vn ha, v n ngh,
nhm chii* li T quc, nhn dn, chng li ch ngha
x hi, choii che (l la v Dii la. Cm (lu nhm
l nhng tn tc ctu* linh thun >> luh ngh, to-rt-kit
lu nm, nhng tn phn cch mng gi i hoc n
c cch mng v phn bi, cu kt vi mt vi phn
t phn ng trong giai cp t sn. Bn chng (la
vo mt s vn ngh s khng chiu tr YC, s iiiri
ny t khi v thnh th l) li sng truy lc v tir
tng pliu ng lm cho bin. cht. T ch sa (ta
v i sng, tir tag v ngh thut, h a ro vo
COI) ng chinh tr phn, ccl mng.
Nhung hot ng ph hoai ca ulihig bn k trn
a diu ra mt cch lin tc v c h thng Iroii vn
ngh v trong trng i hc, sut my nm nay.

Cuc u tranh chng nhm Nhi vun G iai

phtn l cuc u tranh khig th khoan nlnrig
gia cch mng v phn ccli mii, gia ch ngha
x hi vi ch ngha tir bn trong lnli vc vn nh.
Diri Iihiig chiu bi le lot, cp iilU ca bn
t-rt-kt, ba tc ng tinh thu lm ra ve (( l do
t r i t , C( c n g s n h n B n g , t h c c h t k liu yiih
t Nhn vn Giai phm
ling t tni ca uhm <
l th ch vi x hi mi v con ngi mi, ve ch
dn ch nhn n. tin 111 ch ngla xa hi.
Nhm Nhn vn Giai phm phn (li vn ngh
phc v chnh tr, chng i tr li ngh thut v
ngli thut , i c lp v t do tuvet i , ca
vn ngh s. Nhng thc ra chng ch phn i vn
ngh phc VI ng li chinh tr cch mng ca <iui
cp cng nhn, chmg mun (ni ll>h lm cng
c e phc v ng li chinh tri phn ng, chng
li T quc, Iihu dn, chng li cch mng x hi
ch ngha*
Nhm Nhn vn Giai phm diu CGt, mt st
vn ngh phc v cng nng binh l my mc ,
cng thc chng dng mi lun iu th b vu

338
khng ch ngha cng sa v ngi cng sii, chng
i vn. nghi* phc v C011 ugiri khng pluui hit
cch mng luiy phm cch mng, khag phan. bit giai
cp ny hay giai cp khc. Nlnrng thc ra chui bm
to ci ti bc lt, fui bm, sng ich kv v i try,
chng t son im phau cho nlihi bn phn uc,
hi dn, chng (li vii ngh phc v cho giai cp
bc lt p bc, v tr v ca ngi ch ngha c nhu
thi nt.
Nhm Nhn I(in G iai )hm ph nhn thnh
tch ca vn ngh xa hi ch ngha trn th gii v
Iroug nirc ta. Clui khu gi, phnh nnh tinh thn
chng tc, (lu c quc gia hp hi, hn hc kch
ch ngha hin thc x hi ch ngha, nhng chng
li ci st t sng bi vn ngh tirsii i try u M
v ch t han e ra vn ngh y.
Nhm (( Nhn vn G iai phm I thi phng c
iSm ca vn. ngh phan i s luh o ca Bng,
chng i tr vn ngh cho vn ngh s (( chuyn
mn phi do chuyn mn lanh o nhng thc ra
chng mun a quyn, lnh o vn ngli vo tay bn
phn cch mng.
Qua u tranh quyt lit, nhhig luu iu gi di
ca nhm Nhn vn G iai phtun J) b lt trn,
anh ch em vn ngh s cng tham tha hin r thm
ctug li ui n m Bng vch ra cho chng
ta t mi niv nm uav. l ng li vn ngh
phc v cch mng, phc v cug nng binh, gn liu
vi s sng cii ca T quc, ca nluui dn, gn liu
vi i soii lao U phan u diig cam ca qun
cliuig. Trn mj li , vn ngli phai t gic t
muh di s lali o ca Dug mi c th pht trien,
theo kp vi di Hug.
(T rch ngh quyi i ngh
lon t\ ln th / / / , ngy A-6-958)
 NGH Q U Y T CA CC BAN CHP HNH
CC HI VN HC NGH THUT

Sau cuc Hi ngh B a n chp huli Hi liu hip Yiu

h c n g h th u t V i t - n a m n<iv !-(>-11)38, t r o n g tun. l t
21-0 n 3 -7 - 1 9 5 8 , l u l t cc B an chp h a h I l i a h c
s , H i m th u t, H i n h v n a h p k i e m d ie n i t i iih
h n h c n g t c r o n g Ih i g i m i v a q u a , thi h n h k v h i l
i v i m t s h i v i n t c h c c h o t ii troii* n li n i
ph h oa i ((Nhn vn Giai p l 9 c h u c h n h l i cc
B a n c h p h n h v th o l u n v c n g t c s p u (l
y m n h p h o n g tr o vn. h c lhc; tlu i t l i a l e a , p h c
v c l c h n c n g c u c x v d i m g c h Hha x a h i
m i n B c v u r a n h t h n g n h t xc n h .
Qua cc b n bo co trong cc cu c Hi nghi, th
trong h a mt nm qua, t ugv thnh lp cc Hi nhc
s , Hi m thut, Hi cc nha vu , cng tc cc ngih
m n h c , m Ih u t, v n h c u c n h n g b c t i n c
th. Nhng ng thi bn Nhn vn Giai phm
c n g ti p t c h o t n g lu n g o n c q u m i c c H i
v n hc ugl thut, ixbt l co* q u a n Hi nh v u , uh m
c h n g li c h , ehii l i Uii v n h n (l n . C c n g
c h ph t r c h * c c H i, n h l l I l i n h v n , a n i i u
r a v k i m i e m v c c s a i l m c a m i n h i r c 1 l i
n g h .
C liiru llieo dicu l ca cc ll i, cc lia u chp huli
llit ri lli inl ki) ut i vi Iit s nqi Ironq

340
nhm Nhn vn Giai phhm a hot ng ph hoi
nghim trng cc Ili.
Ban chp hnh Ili uli vn cnh co v khai tr
tloimq-Cm ra khi Han clip hiih, cnh co v cho
Hoii-ticIi-Linli rt ra khi Ban chp hnh. Ban chp
huli Hi m tlml cnh co S-Ngc v chp nhn vic
S-Ngc v Nguyen-Sng xin rt khi Baa chp hnh.
Ban chp hnh Hi nhc s sng tc chp nhn vic
Vn - Cao v Ngui/en - v n - T xiu rt ra khi Ban
chp hnh.
Cc cuc l i iih ca cc Bau chp hnh cung
nht tri quyt nh khai tr Phan-Khi, Trm rng-Tni,
Th-An ra khi Ili nh vn, Trn-Dui ra khi Hi m
thut; khai tr trong thi hn ba nm : Trn-Dn, L-
t l i nh vn), T-Phc, ng-nh-Hirng (Hi nhc
s sng tc); v cnh co mt s hi vin khc tch
cc hot ng troii nhm Nhn vn Giai phm.
(Tp chi Vn nghe, s 14, thng 7-1958).

341
N II X G , CUC B U TRAN II CH N G T TNG
NIIN VN - GIAI PH M CN T I P T ' C

A nh ch em vn ngh s vu nc vch trn l)

mt thl gian c C1U nhm ph hoi Nhn IHI Giai
plm , nghim khc ln n nhng hot ng )hn
(ln tc, phn cch mng ca chng. Anh ch em rt
gh tm v cm th bn chng, cng cini thy (lau xt
trc nhng tai hi m 1)011 chng a Jy ra Iroii llii
gian va qua.
e chm dt nhii hot ng ph hoi ca chm**,
5 tv sch nhng nc (tc l tng m chii* ieo
r c by lu nay trong cc gii vn ngh, tri thc, sinh
viu, hc sinh, v.v... e n p h i lt m t n c a c h n g
t r c n h n d n ng o, bc t r n n h n g m
m u , lun iu, h n h ng v th on th ch
c a c h n g . D l mt cuc u Inmli cn thit v
q u a n triif, a n h cli e m v n njh s c u ra s c lm
cho tt, v trit .
ng nhin, lm ilur th vn cha clt e gii
q u y t vn (te vn ngh" ca ch n g ta hiu Iiav. Hoi
y, thng ([lia vic (ti su vo qun cliiuig cii nng
binh v cc c s sn xut, thng qua vic hc tp
chinh tri mt cch thng XIIVCU, hc tp ch ngha
M c L-nin mt cch c h thng, anh ch em vt 11
ngh s cn phi tip tc u tranh d tr b lu yc
nhng t lng s a i l m , trc ht l nhng nh hng

342
ca t tng t sn, bn b (tu tranh ci to t
liriig, bi duiig cho klii c v qu tim mi ngi
chng ta nhng t tirng v lnh cm x hi ch ngha
trong sng, lm cho mi ngi ngy cng xng ng
vi trch nhim v vang nhmg k s tm hn ca
qun clng.
TrII con (Tng tiu ln ch ngha x hi miu
Bc v u tranh thng nht nc nh, nhim v ca
nhfmg ngi cng tc vn ngh, vn. ha rt l nng
ne. Nhng sau t u tranh lua ny, tt c anh ch
em vn. ngh s vu mrc v trung thnh vi ch
(ln ch nhn u u rt phn khi v tin tirug. Di
s hnh o ca ng, anh ch em s kiu quyt lm
trn nhng cng vic quan trng trn y, nhm to
iu kiu thun l i cho mt bc chuvu cn bn trong
cng lc vn ngh, vn ha, cho vic xy dng mt nn
vn. ngli nii, mt nn vn. ha mi di l c ca
ch n< D*lia YU nc v ch ngha
V o x hi.
*

( Nhn dn, s 1493, ngy 13-4-1958;

343
 P H L C

TH* CA BAN CHP HNH

TRUNG ITNG NG LAO NG VIT-NAM GI
I HI VN NGH TON QUC LN T H HAI

Il-ni, ngv 20 thng 2 nm 1 9 3 7

Thira cc bn, cc (tng ch,

Hm nav cc bn hp Di hi V n ngh lon quc
ln th hai, Iian chp hnh Truii ng B n g lao ng
Vit-nam t M n i gi (tu Bi hi li cho ninig
nhil
lit.

Mi hai nm qua, cc bn. (ta cng au tc i tru

mt on (tng rt him tr lihimg cng rt v vaug.
Cch mng llmg T m gii phng dn tc, (tng
ll cung gii phng nhng vn ngh s Iic ta.
Trong cuc khng chii gian nau v v cng anh
dng, phan (tng cc bn. (ta ii cam ciig kh vi
nhn dn, ra tin tuvu, vo sau lng ch, st cnh
cng b i, cng nhu, nng (ln, lm nhini v ca
n g i (( ch i u s trn, mt trn v a n h a . c n h m ig
vn. ngh s (t anh dng hy siiih v nc. C c bn a
gp phn e 1{4 hiu cho c l) (lu tc, cho (ln ch
va ha bitili. T khi ha bnh lp li, cc bn. cung
u c uhiu c ug cung ton u phn au (te cng
c min Bc, thng ulit nc nh.

344
 Con irng ca <*ne han (la i va ni <ti li con
(lng (uv nht t!m. l) l con thriii plic v T
quc, phc v nlAn (lan, phc VII chm l.
Dani lio 111 * Vit-nam nhit lit hoan nghnh
cc hn van Ul* s ycu uc v lieu b (ta clin con
irng ay nh si y v a tlu dc mt s lluih
lch tt p.
Nhn clumg li troII[4 mcVi hai nm qua, ro rng
nn vn ngh mi c tinh chat (lu lc, nhn dn v
hin, thc ca ta ct tip tc Iruvii thii lt p cua
vn ngh dan tc v vng birc theo (hr*ii|4 li (tng
n cua Oiing.
D l mt [hMi l*i ca ccl mti la v ca ch
ta. Xlnnii mi l tiu l) hirc u. S nghip
cch mng lu (li v cn uhieu mi kh klug cho
php chng ta l mau. Nn. vn iii mi ca ta lnh
mnh, nhirii ni c h u n g cn 11011. Chng ta cn. thiu
nhng tc pliam tht xng (tng vi Iihau (lii Vit-mim
an.il dii. l ahirT iem ca mt 11?II vn ngh tr
tui, xy (lng trong mt hon cih ay kh khn,
thiu thn. Song ihirc im y mt phn cung do
khuyt ctiem ca chiii ta gy ra.
Tht vv, s IHnl o ca Dug ve mt V11 ugli
a c nhng thiu SI v irng 161 v chnh sch. V
ha cnh iilihi c gng, c quan tnre tiep )!i trch
vn ntgh a c uluTii lch lc, nhir coi nh vic lanh
o tu* tiivmg nhai l trong ha ])uh, hp hi trong
lanh (to sng tc, c c c tnh cht b phi trong
lnh o v t clic. Nhhig khuyt (tiem y (t ire
thng thn pli bnh v CUI phi kicu quvet sa cha.
V} p h a u c c h n v a n n} s th i h i m \\y CM uhfm<
khuvt im ve mt Ur UnVi v ngh lliut cu phi
khc phc, v (l nhu*: lp tnrug cch inut* cha (lc
ct khot, r lng, s hiu bit v i sng nhu dn

345
cha c sAu sc, cn phm chu ngha hnh thc,
ch n g h a t n h i n v ch n ^ li s lir T tro n g s iu

tc, V. V...

Cc bn v cc ii ch,
Tnh hinh mi t ra d io chng ta nlii^ vn
mi cu phi gii quyt.
T ba nm nay, x hi Vit-nam chng la (t c
nhng chuvii bin lm. Kluui chiu tlug li, ha bnh
a lp li tr11 t nc ta. min. Hc c hon
ton gii phng khi ch quc v phou* kieu, ang
111 ra mi on irn mi ca cch mng, (li t(Vi UroTL<*
lai x hi ch ngha.
Mt mat khc, cuc cch mng dn. tc au cli
nhu (lu cha hon tliuh trong phm vi ton quc.
Ch tn bo v (ten ti ca Mv Dini ang nmxg
(V min Nam mrc ta. Chng ta cn phai lip tc hon
thnh s nghip gii phng dan tc, thong nhai mrc
nh. Guc u Inmh cch mng v cn lau di, ian
kh nhix clic chn tlnmg li cui cng thuc ve nhu
dn ta. T quc ta nht inh thng Liht, l chi
st ca (lua tc ta, khng mt lc lng no c the
lay chuyn c.
Xy dng mt nc Vit-nam ha bnh, thng nht,
c lp, dn ch v giu mnh, l nhim v chung
ca ton dn ta t Bc n Nam. Muu thc hin nhim
v , chng ta phi phn u cng c miu Bc,
a min Hc tin dn tng bc ln ch ngha x hi,
ng thi tip tc y nuih cuc u trtuih thng nht
urc nh.
cng c min Bc v thc hin thng nht nc
nh l nhng cng cuc rt 111 lao v phc tp.
hon thnh nhng cng cuc iv, mt trong ulnmg iu
kin cn bn l phi tin hnh mt cuc cch mng
vn ha i i vi cuc ci to v kinh t miu Bc.
Phi ph b linh irii vn ha thp km ca nhn dan
ta, klk* phc nlin t Ur*ii{4 lc hu v Ihi lc h
hi, ln tch ca x hi cu, nng cao dan trnh vn
ha, khoa hc v kv tluit cii nc ta; o to nhng
con ngiri 111(Vi, c gio (lc su sc v ch ugha
ven nc va ] ttrcVii xa hi ch ngha.
Nhim V 1.1 chung ca nhng ngir ciig lc t tng,
cng tc vn ngh (V mieu Bc l gp phii thc hin
cuc cch mug vn ha trong i oan mi, gp phn
xay ng con ii^iri ii ca xa hi mi ve mt t
tinViig, tr tu v tnh cam.
Be lm trn uhim v y, cc nh vn ugh chng
ta * ii Bac v lion Xam hav cng nhau ra sc xy
dng mt nn vn ngh dn tc phong ph, tch cc
gp phn x dng mt n&c Vit-nam ha bnh,
thng nht, e lp, dn ch v gu mnh.
N II vn ngh mi <v min. Bc chng ta trong giai
on ny phi l mt liu van ngh xa hi ch ngha
v ni dung v (lu lc ve hnh thc.
Xut pht t quan ieni qun chng nhn n lao
ng l niri sn to ra lch s, chii ta ch trng
vn ngli phc v nhu u, ch yu la phc v cng
nng binh.
Nu vn. ngli mi ca ta bt nun t (Vi sng
thc t ca nhu dn ta, a lm Cch mng thng Tm
thnh cii, khng clii thng li, c bn hon
thnh cch mng ruug t miu Hac v ang lao
ng quen mnh xy krug miu Bc v u tranh
thc hin thng Iihit mrc nh. N phn i mi khuynh
hirog thot ]v i sng thc l ca dn tc, thoi Iv
nhng Iihin v cch mng ca nhan (lu la hiix nay.
Nn van ngi mi v cn thu ht iihii tinli hoa
ca van. ngh c Iruvii, c a vn ngh tin b trc Cch
mng thng Tm v pht trin nhng truyn thng tt
p cua van ngh khAug chin trc av. N phn (ti
thi khinh mit di san viiii ngh ca (lu tc v
nhng gi tr cm vn ngh tin b di che (t llnrc
dn v phong kin, hoc coi thirni van ngh khng
chiu. N cng phn i thi nhm liU ca tng
nhng tc phni van ngh phn dn tc, phn nhn (lan
ca thi trc v thi nay.
Nn vn ngh mi v can lip thu nhng tiiih hoa
vn hc, ngh thut ca th gii l xa ctn nay, nlit
l ca Lin-x, Trung-quc v cc nc x. lii ch
ngha anh CIII, lm cho vn ngh (ln lc ca la ciiii
thm pliong ph. x phn i khuynh lnr<mg < ng
ca ca ch ngha dn tc hp hi, phn (ti khuynh
hng nhai li nhng cn ba ca vn ngh t sn suy
i, phn i nlng th vn ngh dm cao hi
m quc M dang gieo rc ' min. Nam ne la.
N ciug phn i khuynh hug ni qung bt chirc
rnrc ngoi, bin vn ngh nc ta thnh nil lli vn
ngh lai cng x>mt gc.
Nn vn ngh mi y ly hin thc x hi ch
ngha lm phng php sng tc tt nlit. N phn
i mi khuynh hng bi en hoc t hng hin
thc. N phn i mi th ch ngha hnh thc, ch
ngha t nhin, ch ngha s lc v cng Ihc, hin
nay cn kh ph bin trong vn ngh ca ta.
Nhn dn ta ang trng inoii tm tliv nhng
tc phm vn hc, ngh tliut nhng hnh nh cliu
thc ca mnh, nhng in hnh ve con ngi mi ca
x hi, nhng anli hng mi ca thi i, nhng mt
tch cc ca i sng chng ta ngy nav. Nhng coa
ugi mi, nhng anh hng mi y l nhtni ngiri
binh thng gin (l, hug ngy lao ilng qun mnh
v phn u kin quyt. II l nhng ngi cug nhn

348
* nh my, hm m, ciig irmg, niig trag, ang
cu c sau xui d khi phc v pht trien kiiili t.
l l uhfm<4 Iiiri nn.< (lu tri qua ci cch rung
t v ang phau klii i vo con iriig vS aa xut theo
li hp tc tirii* tr*. II l nhng chin s qun i
aiu ngy m i i hiii cng, ra src rn luvn
lliui the v hc tp chinh tr, qiuui s v van. ha e
bu) v 'r quoc, ho v s nghip lao ig ha bah
ca nhau (lu. Ilo l nhhi ngi lao ng tri c ang
hiU hi <4p phan. cng hieu cho cng cuc kin, thit
k i a l i t viiii h a c a lurcYe n h . l i h i h i g COI u g i
tch cc, nluTii Iihui vt aiu vn ca x hi la m
anh cl em VI ngh* nc ta can ra sc cu ngi,
l)ieu dng.
cmg nhiu, xa hi mi ca clui ta khng phi
ch mi mau h11., khng cn bng ti. Tr 11con irtmg
tiu ln. ca (ln lc se CI nliiu chng agi, kh
khn, c<IIc au Iranli ^iai cp * nirc ta au diu ra
Irii mi liil vc kinh t, cnh tri, vn ha, t iiriig
v (kri uliu lihiii thi. Cuc sdug si ni ca nhu
dn ta, ixhii4 bin (ti quan trng * min Bc, cuc
(lau tran.il gian kh v ben b chng k th ca dn
lc mieii Nam (tang i hi * chng ta nhng c
ii mi. Nhan (lau ta ang vn cu cc tc phm
vn ugh nc ta phan uh trimg thc v giai quyt
ng uirng mau thun phc tp, nhii vn 1R
ani t ra troug xa hi ta ngy uav, nhng vu
c quau h tcn vn niug ca T quc nhau dn
i\p sc av x hi Vit-nam lin ln.
Nhu dm ta vu cu cc nh vn ih kic lu
lm Irii iighi v ca igi ((k s lam hn ), mt
mi xv cli, l))i chrii uhthig lir tirii linh cm
111 lao, ulnrii c liuii qu hu, mt mt ty tr niu nu*
lu* tirii, linh cam xu xa, iluTiig thi tc i bi.
 Nhu (lu ta tin chc rSn cc nh vn ngh mnVe
ta (li s lanh o ca l)i|4, iii u l Il Ch
lch, se xv diit c mt nu van n^lC mi, xng
ng vi u lc Yi*t-n:im, vi (at nc Yit-nam tiri
p, vi Iruvn llii lin l) ca vii 11Lh (lu tc
ta, v khi* ph lng tiu cv ci i bo v anh
elii em vn lUh (V niioi Xam aiu umv iu>v trn
* o o n V' n ** o

ra miu lc.
Cc bn v cc ng chi Hm mu,
Xv
V iriu
4 mi
1 liu van iih
n mVi ca mi(Ve nh
cng l ml s n<hii;p cch inni ril v van. D l
mt cng vic kh khn, lim kho, nhinig vi liuhthii
quyt lm, nhai inh chii ta lm irc.
De tlic hi *11 1151.1c (tch tt p fv, chn ta phi
lm o\ ? Trc li, cc nh van ih
o chui
o tu can ra
s c h c l p c l i lUhn M c L - n i n , h c l p (t Iri L l i ,
chinh sch eii n* v Chinh ph, nng CH) lp Irinmg,
trau di tir tiri v ih Ihut. Troi giai on mi
ca cch mii, s tu (hrirng ve lp trtVii, tir Itnmg
l ht sc ([IIan trng v cn iliit e c mt th gii
quan v nhn sinh quan (in n. V chnh l
n *t i u k i n cn. l)ii e S1U
n t c tt .

V m u n s n g l c i l , c c ii h v a n lUh1 k l t n ^ tli
tch ri qun chii|i. Moii raaj cc bn quyt lm (ti
su lum na vo (li song ca cii Lili, iii (ln,
chiu s qun, i v lao iU Iri c. Di (teu vi h ulir
(ti n vi anh cm, b con thau thit, (te c tli liieu h,
vu h v miu l ctn<4 uhi ii^UYii vng lli thit
ca h, nhii c linh cao qui v ca nlmg iur*c
im ca h na.
Gi tri ca tc phm khii phai Ci (V ni (lui*
tu* Uri m c n (V p liiu i chit Hh l l u i l . l i v y c c
nh vn agiu; can c lii Irau i nil thut lum na,
i su tm hiu nhng di sn ugh thut qu bu ca
dn lc v vn he nih thut liu tiu ca th gii.
De phi trin s nghip vn. hc, ngh thut cch
mnj* lil plit luiv l do sng tc, cai tiu nhng iu
kiu sng tc, bi cu (liu v xul bn. Sng lc v biu
tliu ihc thut l mt eug tc lao ii gian kh,
pluVc lp, n vcu cn chng ta quan tm v n
uluii4 c ieni ca Van ngh v phong cch ca
mi vn. ngh s. Can qui (tnh chnh sch c th
v Ihit thc, nham khuyn khch vn Iigh s pht
huy ti nng e phc v T quc v nhan dn, phc
v li icli ca ha bnh v tinh lnru ngh iia cc
du tc.
Can m bo cho nhng tc phm lt, c ch cho
s Ii<lii|) cch niug c xu bn rng ri. Ghmg
ta kiu quyt phn i mi thi lip hi, b phi,
thiu trch uhim, b ri nhng tc phm tl, lm nht
nhihi ti nii. Bng thi, chng ta cung kin quyt
pha di khuynh hng t (lo v trch nhim, c hi
cho s nghip cch mng ca nhn u ta.
Mi vn e qium trng ni\ l phi huy phe binh
lnh muil. Ph bnh lnh mnh bao gi cung c tc
dng lii i vi s nghip pht trin ca vu hc,
ngh thut. Phon tro phe bnh, t ph binh gu (ty
a gip pht hin nil s khuyt im,sai lm trong gii
vn ngh e chng la cn< 4 nhau sa cha. Song mt
khc, cmg c lumg hin tiriig lch lc, xut pht tr
nhii lp InrU v ng c khng ng, t nhiu i
c nl hii khng tt n s on kt nht tri ca
gii viui ih. Trong ni b nhu dan, phe huh l
gip nhau tim tlav ci tt, ci hay khuyn, khich
pht triu, plil bin ci xu, ci d sa cha, ngn
nga. Pli binh l (te cng nhau lin ), quyl khn

351
phi e (t ki ch, chia r ph hoi. Cii tc ph bnh
vn uh ca ta n nav van cn veu v km sau sc,
B l mt nhc iem m chng ta can ra sc khc
phc. Nhan (lu la rat nioii c nhiu cy bt ph
biuli vii chc ve cc nguih van hc, ngh lliut, c
th kp thi plit him ilng ti nng mi, K tri mi,
v kp llri ])li phi ihmiL khuvuh luriu sai lm,
lc hu.
Sau cng, mt iu rt (iiau trng l oii kt Iiht
tri lt ca uhii* ngi C1114 tc vu hc ycu mrc v
lin, h) lliili mt mt trn vii rai v clt che (iri
s hnh do ca ang v *ii<4 trong Mt Ira (ln tc
ihn Iiil ei la. NhCm^ nh vn. Iigli vu nc v
iieii b inien Bc v m im Xam, (V trong nire cung nh
' Lioi nc, khng phn bit (lu tc, kh u y n h lnrng
chinh tr v tn gio, khLir phau bit Bc, X a m , khng
chin hay kliiu khui chin, kliag pli bit kluivuh
hirii iilic thut, kln phn hil cu, mi, gi trai,
gi Ire, cc nh van iilIi noi tiiU ci nliir cc ngh
s dan gian, lt c cu on kt hu na, thnh mt
i quiui vn. ha mnh 1110, ng ao, tliii cam v
nlit tri, c phc v T quc v nhn (t c l c lum.
Chng la hieu r rni, m H d sd ciri (he
tui khc ca Mv Dini, auli ch em XI iiglu* ' iiiii
N a m n i c h i m g v n m i 1I14 rut (l IniiL t h a n h v i
dn tc, bl klnuit nre I1V v ca ke (eli, nhi Ir
cng aah ch em vungh (V mieu lie du tranli e eug
c lia binh, thc lin thi iliat T quc. N hau (lu
ta mong riiig cc bn. Viu nglu; hai miCii s s'111 thc
hia
irc
* kliu liiu
i Bc Xam mi * nc,' van ii<4h
o
m t n h !

Cc bn v cc n<4 chi tli mn,

Di bi Van Iigli ton. <[u(' n11 lluV hai iv l mt
s k quan IriL trong ili sng vu hn e nhn

352
dn ta. Chc rng Bi hi s nh du mt bc tirt
lu ca gii vn ngh nc nh.
Chc i hi thtth cng, chc cc bn vn. ngh
nc nh oui kt nht Ir, phn u thng li cho
mt nn. vn ngh dn tc phong ph ca mt nc
Vit-nam ha binh, thng nht, c lp, dn ch v
gi u mnh.
Cho thu i,
BAN CHP HNH TRUNG NG
NG LAO NG VIT-NAM

353
 KIN CA BNG CH TRU*NG-CHINH V
NHN VN GIAI PHM
(Trch bi ni chuyn r ti hi
ort ngli ton quc n th hai)

T n h cht nguy hi rtht ca bo Nhn vn chinh

l ch n nu chiu bi theo ch ngha Mc L - n i n
m s tht x u v n tc ch ngha Mc L -n in , ni
l chu s lnh o ca ng m k thc kch s
lnh o , ru rao l bo v ch nhng c nhm
b i e n ch . T in h cht nguy hi c a bo CI1
ch n da vo Iihng kin t ph bnh ng n
c a ng ri bm to ln nnh dn, v hnh n g
ph hoi v mt t- tng, ngh thut v du dn i
ti ph lioi v mt chinh tr na.
Nhn vn l s kt hp gia hai trng thi l
tng di y :
1 ) Do nhng ng e bt chinh m kch, v u
khng v xuvn tc, lm cho t bo bin thnh mt
c n g c gieo rc nc c vo tir tng bn c, ht
nh c quan tc ng tinh thn ca ch cu
m in Bc.
2) Do thc m c, hoang mang trc nhiu vn
c a x hi v ca i sii vn ngh m cha tm tlc
hng i, li thot, li chu nh hirii ca t sn, cho
nn pliit ngn v trch nhim v Kircmg quan
<im tir sn v* .ngh
o thut v t
do.

354
 Nhng quan. di r i n s a i l a m YI l c h i c a h o Nhn
van a c vcli ra trirc <hr lun, q u a mt cuc u
tranh b ch v can tliicl...
Hiu nav )o t Nhn van khiii cn na, nhng
Uiuivnh hii^ tu* UnVnj4 Nhi um vn (<m, chng
ta c n p l i i ie|) tc d a t i t n m l i vi i u t t m ii* k l i u g l i

. Qua CIIC (lu intnh v bo Nhti vn , liii igit

vn ngh chum; ti (la (luc Inrv (lau cii r ; auli ch
em vu ngh s (la (lon l<el 110*11 InrT. Cl 11111** ta cu
tang cng oiL li liit na troiL gii vi.il! Hi s.
S tou ket phai (a Irii co so llic trch nhim
ca mi iigi troii vic xv iii ch , i phn
vo vic pht huy ihiili tch v sa cla sai lm, khuyt
(liem. Don kt khi c uiIii l nhn nhng, li
Inre trc nhng khuynh lurii lu* tirii ugiiv hi.
Th tiu u tran.il ch (lua ti iluTng Ihit hi (UI (tn.
Dirng ili khii" phai Iroug Ivlti u tninl vi nhng
khuynh Inrii* xau n1 lanh (lo coi nh vic lii nglic
kien quan dm" v lir |)h bnh Iilumg sai liin, khuyt
diem ca minli. Trai li, ciu phiu thanh kliiu, kin
quvet v t h n ru^ sa clia Hurii* sai lam, khuyt
im v kh 11^ n<
411*11<
4tin. l().

355
NGH Q U Y T CA B CHNH TR BAN CHP
HNH TRUNG NG NG LAO NG V I T -
NAM S 3 0 NQ/TU V VIC CHN CHNH
CNG T C V N NGH
(T rich p h n N h n iih v tnh h l n h
ti n y h ' s a u i hi vn ngh to n
(ic ln th hai ( nam 1957

Sau k li 11*he bo cao ca T i u ban V n H^h

T ru n g V3 tnh hul vn nghi; liiyn Iiay, H clinh
tr n h * u n
h u h ir sau :

1 T sau B i li van Iiil toan (fu6c III th

hai, cii lc van Ii^u; c 1Vii c gang m i tron g
vic xy (lng cc o n th v i h c, ngh thut va to
thm iu kiii cho vn iu >Ik; s sng tc. Soii4 s luh
o vaII ngh v cc mt t tu iig , e h in li tri v l
clic cii Iiliieu kluycl (liein, Imh huli gii vn ngh
hin nny c uhiig biu h iu p h c tp v uluii l ch
lc nghim Irn*.
T ro n g B i hi v n ngli ton quc ln th hai, u
nam nay, s rt n g vn ngh 81 it ng h )mi{4 v
t n t h n h ( l n g l i v n n g h i 1 v ) h u o ' i {4 e l i m CI 1J4
tc vn ngli 11II ln Iroii hc thir c a T ru u g ii
Bii{4 cuii Iilur trong hi Hi c h u y n c a nj4 ch
Trii-Chiuh B i hi. K h u yn h liii ph hoi ca
nhm iV/ii/1 1X1/1 l) nh lui ; Iihiig ngi Iham gia
n h m (i l) s d n g van Iih s p h n (!i. T u y vy,

35t
CHC (Ihi Inml dion<4 klmvnli luronu Nln nan m<Vi
(V lurcVr ( l a u ; n l i n i g \uvM (I1<4 11*411 V h i V b m t t h c
ve chinh tr ca ulniL* phim l xu trong Iiliiii Nlun
oan cha h bc Irin trong iii VIII ligh. Nhiu
(uau cieni n^l tluil sai lam clti iuh imViitir hr(Vii<f
l sn chua clc )lu*1 plii ml ccl su sc
Nhm ' l i n h iiin h YUI liUv
< s li 11 i m ^v , la t h v
V
m i s ( l o ng , L11 rt la l|> van 1 11 i s I t r , (l;n c o ii
sn t e hot* cliaii lo hoi* l|), liiu \o I r iu h (t
chinh tr v 114*1 * tluil. M so lo pliin tt (la Xiil
l n i . (av i van CI 1o4 ( c I iiu n i0 (*(0> aU
0 m i ve
sang tiu va bicu (lii Ml* thut, v thc phc v
nhn (ln.
X l u n i in Iroii
n n<4i11 Yiin UK'
n <Ifi * uhiMi h i u ii u
ly r i l c ve c h in h li , ir tin V ii va s iil lio l. S d n g
van ni s tp lrunt> n I * iny mm nav a XI
r i tlirc t l a o <Ini> Yi siul hot c a q u a i i t*luii<4 CII
i i n <4 b i n l , l i ri t hc l p c liiiih 11*1, l v h i L 4 l i e u r

lnh l u n h v n h i m v ;*i c c l HKiiiL tron ttosi

m i, c l i r a (lirv ^ i o (lc V(; l ItnVii x a hi c h ntlia.
D o (t , l|> tJ'11*<>1114 1111ii Ir n t 110* l i o , V chi phn

c a u C iio li m a it i; ) ii m SI I iilii n i t r ii* . T r n g th i

( la o ii4 , [(Ktn<4 m a i* 1*011 11.71114, 11*4*1 V c t r o i l* l i i

115411 ii< 4 v it ; ra n h U i <4a ( i i c i i v lii c l c b lu

m, tnh tnrn m can.il ^ie la )h biu. Diy thi

iir t ir ii c nhn ch Ii.<j>h;i, t ir m au, l k i u ngo,

liiu (lanh, tham lieu, lir ImVii* an nhu lunVi lc ngy

ciii nay ii. T tmVii|4 t* (lo ch H^hn, v t chc,
v k lut, chia 1)1' chui nhm ci (la;4 trn (l plit
I r i u .

Ve van lua, U br thu.il, liiiiI LuVi oVi! ir ItrcYng VII

ih ca l)u<4 va tu lir<Viij4 van Hghv Ur su b xa Iiha.
rrn uan hao Van v tron mt so sch xu bn hoc
ti i>
11 (\[ l)ieu hin khuynh unVii \I ri llic L i

357
SOIIO cii n li n (lan l a o i l i i 4 (V IIOI4 t h o n v a t h a n h t h ,
thot ly iiiin.li tri Vi khii" nham cliit<4 uliiViii nhim
v trung tm ca cch muj4 rii|4 on mi.
N h n g tn h cm c ilui c h ihii (la n g c cieu
litrtVio )hi rien, uluniLi ch (ic ln(lo (tisn<4 thc
ti e ra k li ii (lum* c lu . I I u i n h c ii im<4 b i n h
phn du (lrtug cm troi 11 hon lisIili 1110 lil! Iroii* vn
th v trong cc lc phii u^l* tliut khc. Nliieu (uan
cticni Viu Hli K*a i CiM) *ir Sim n ^*l
C u c t r a n h l u n ^ia t p c h i I I c p v l i h i b o
Va// g n tlciv li l m t b i c u hin. c ilie c a 0 110 1 u
t r a n h ii i r n ^ l i v a n ii^li c a D n g v i k l i u y i i l
h n g cl!i<4 l i lio c xn r i ( h r i i g loi . ru* ItnViig
c h d o b i u lii ii ( r n t u a n b o V n c h i n h la t U r n g
tch ri ii loi Vii Ii4l phc VII cii> 11011 biiili,
tch ri uliii Iiliim VII Ining lm ca cch mng
trong giai on hin ti, lch ri s lanh o ca Bng.
T r o n g m t s h i c tn h d t l u l i o t r n Uiai b o
Vy clm<4 ta tliiv r uluTii<4 (IUUI (lie iu l c h l c , m o
h , c h i u a n h lnnViiL c a lu* l u n g tir s u . K h i t p c h
IIc c bi ph biiil, luiii ho Van a phn ii|4 li
v i m t t h i (t k c h , thi * II t h i i h th t. N h i i g b i t r
l i c a i u a i i b o Vui ( x o y v o m t v i k lu i v-1 (lieii
iroii{4 m t s o (ln c l n i " c tlio v 1011*4 l i pl*^1
thiu thn trng ca i<4in>i )h hinli e |)h ulin
ahii kieu ph bnh can bn <
tI<
4 trn tp ch
Hc t p .

2 Tnh liinli tru dy l ming it tt cho

I ih ii* phau ui* t ln i c h i u hnh n l n i <4 h o t ng

p h h o i. N h a m vo ch yu c a m t Irn van ngh,

nlit l (l a v o s 11IO ho v e l p I r u g t U r n g c a
s ng vn nh* s, uliii phan t' ph hoai a tip
tc hot (lng v lc hi mi cch n^hini trng. H
rng nhng phau lr elum< ch ngha x hi, chong

358
D n g d n h m c h so* h<v cii lt m t ie p t c t i u c n g
In, v mat
* hr lirYnt
n (Itri hnh ilrc vn Iiuh.
o * Sir
hoat
<1011*4 n h i m f p ha n l* )h hoii troii ii va n n g h
l mt hin ln iet sc nguy hiem, mt VII (t cp
hch cu i Cfiiyl. Vv m mt s can l) (tang vin
ca ta n nay vnn cha nhn thy s llit . III ph
hoi (ng nlni* Il (loiii Ihni (lc, phao (tn tin Iihnm,
ivo hoang mang, y niu lluiau giun cc vn ngh s.
C l m o m u a c h u c , p h n h |)1\ h n c h i d a iit 11I s
VI1 n g h s l c h n v c a m i s t <1nii4 v i n thiu
trch nhim, thiu k lut, l i ko l vo vic (ta kch
s luih ao ca D m v (la kcl cu l) ph trch,
nln (tng viu lt v ihriig iigtri ngoi Dang tch
cc ui h Dng. Chii m ven b nhung ti liu v
nhno ho ch pnn (i. DinVi ehiu hi chng gio
u , m yV m c ,w ch l IU*
r u io o
n rc n h m n
t n c (lc
ca
ch niha xt li iroii|4 van Iih, nham li ko vlu
ngh s i vo con ii ngh tliul tu* sn suv i.
Tre nhng hoi tii* c hai (16, s (liig vn ihv
s, ke c mt s vn )*h r s (Innu
o vi 1
1, (la inl cnh
ic lioc b ii, khng kin quyt <tu tranh ; thm
ch m t s 6 c n h n t h e o c h n g .
T n h hnh tr n (la y tn li <v c c Hi van hc,
Iigh lliit (li mc c khc Iihau. Ta C1I phai ti)
tc i sau k im t r a ii n g n h mt cch chinh xc.
King Hi nh van, nhng co* quan xung yu (tuu
bo Vn, ban 1)1011 t|), nh xul han, CHt lc h, ban
nghin cu siii h k \ b m Vli h c lurv Ii^ on i) m c
<I v lnl thc (lo C
i\v (Um chi ca la lanh o, song
v t h c l d 1)1 m t s p h a u t x a 11 l c h u l u n g o n .
T rong khi nm ly nhfm< c n g vic l l c t, Iihfi*ug
phn t* n y (a l i IoiI <lni> c u n c c ccr |iu m Hi
nh vn (ti chch lirni4 loi v a n h c a Bang v
li ung nhng c quan y lm ni ieo rc nhng
quan im vfm ngh v ilnli Ir sai lm.
; Tnh hnh iiliii trng, phc lp hiu nay
trong 4 van ngh trc ht l (lo mt s khng t
cu b, uj* vin lm ciig lc van iiglu; mo* h v lp
trng giai cp, khii phMi bit (lng sai trn nhiu
vn e chnh tr v van Iili, nht tnh cnh gic v
tnh chin cta11, mt s t (mg vin mt phng hng
hr UrcVii, Iihn tlurc l xa li v nhn s lanh o ca
Bnj vi con mt h quan, hoi nghi, khng uhi r
trch uhim ca mnh trc uhu*ii kh khn mi trong
s lghi]) u trnnli cch mi ca Dang. c iui vin
cti<4 tnh vi bn X11 a kcl li s lauli <
1iio ca
ng, sa vo con n<4 Iruy lac, sai lm, xy tn hi
khng nh cho Dai.
V mt lnh (to, sau Di hi van nghi} ton quc
ln th liai, cc (li ch laul (lo Vu ugh t nhiu
tha man vi Ihii li bire au, li rt 1T trc* Iihtriig
kh klin ca tnh hnh v lliu canh gic i vi s
ph hoi ca nhng plaii tr xu, cho nn a khng
tip tc ctn tranl chng nhng tu* tmig v hnh iig
nguy hi ca nhm Nhn vn )K Khi i vo t chc
cc hi vn hc, ngh lluit, da c thn hng on
kt mt chiu, xoa (u cuc (1I1 tranh t tng, (t cho
nhng tUrii* Uhv lliual ln xit, mo h tn ti v pht
irii\ Iroi gii vn i|lu\ Mt khc, (lo ch ch quan,
thiu cnh ihc v tc phoii q(11111liti ca mt s6 ng
ch ph trch, uhrm;4 phn t xu (t c iu kin tip
tc hot ng ph hoai ln ht hoc cng khai. Mt s
phn t trong nhm Nhan nn j>(lo ta (la vo to chc,
giao cho cng lc, i dung nhng phng tin ca i
chng li ta, chng lai irug li vn ngh ca Bng.
Trong Bng on Hi nh van, r rh mt s ng
ch phu trch i canh ic Iighicm trng v (t chu

360
inili htrii ca lu* toii Viu. ngli t sn, coi Ihiig
nhng diu khuyn nh ca Trung ng Bng trong
hc th ii Di hi Vin ugi ton quc ln th hni.
Di vi cp trn, (toi v l p th, nhng ng ch y
a c nhng li ni, virr li biu hin t do ch
ngha nghirm t r n g , tri vi nguyn tc ca ng, cng
khai plil biu trn ho llii V kin Iigirc li ch
ng I i Vi 11<4U/ ca Bui. Di v<Vi nhrrug
phn l xu hoc lc hu, cliUig nhng cc ttag chi
fv khng u tranh, khiii o (lc,m tri li(t duiig
III" ihtriu hot iii xi t tuxmg sai lm, nguy li
c a c hng.

Tieu han Vu ngh Tnuu mm mi Ihi gian

sa lv vo cng tc t chi* x sir v u , buiig lng v coi
C vic lanh o tir U1114, <1 cho nhng t tirmig
sai lam c co* hi plial tricn, S lnh o ca Tiu ban
(t l ra non 11I v eliuh tri v hu khuviib, thiu tnh
chin u v thiu canh gic, quan liu v*c c* kling
hi da vo lc hrcmg ca s ng vien tcl cc v
van ngh s tin h ngoi Dmg e dlu tranh vi i)n
ph hoai, vi nhuti* phan l xu.

H-nit ngy 6--1958

B CHNH TR
HAN CHP HNH THUNG NG
ONG LAO BNG VIT-NAM

3tl
TRCH BO CO CA NG CH TRir N G -CH IN H ,
Y VIN B CHNH TR TRUNG irNG NG
LAO NG VIT-NAM DC TI HI NGH TRUNG
N G MT TRN T QUC VIT-N AM T
N G Y 10 BN 21-3-1958

(( Mt nhm vn i^ln; s c 11*4 v i mt s phun. l

t-rt-kl, (lo mt s Iih t sau gip lien, (t xut hau
tun ho Nh vn , ph! l iili n h n tp V11 G ia i
plutm v (i Di m 7 (le li iuu vic t pli bnh
ca Daiu m lli i pliou<4 kiuel (lieni, |)l Iiliii thnh
tch hi en ch* (t, (la kch s* hnh o ca Dang va
ca Nh mre, xiivn tc ch ngh a M c L -n in , (ie
xii nhng tu' lng ca ch ngha xt li, tuyn
truyu Khii quan (tim li tli ca giai cp t sn.
T lir u g N l i n a n v iilfm g tu* Iir<Vi<4 tu o n g t
pht biu cui nm kii, (lu llin ngoi c th lm tt
Iilir sau :
V ch n h i r %(ho ra 11l sai lam ca ci cch ru n g
(lt v chnh (ln to ch c l (lo <lirn<4 l i ca la u li (to
sai, (lo hu chl ca che ta khng tt ; nhn (t
i m* rii lti d n i mt ehiu, phan (ti chuyi chnh,
(li quyn hp php clio cc im pli (ti lp, cng
kch vic kl l) tru |> 1)II ph hoi hin huli trong
cai cch rung (tl v i'\\ kch vic quan l l khau.
V* kinh l\ i\{\ kch mu YcU v co- (unn thu? vu ;
i !1(V rii th tnnViii (lo ; it' ih nc Vil-

362
nam (lan ch cng hn phai qua mt thi k pht trin
lu bim ch n^ha roi hfiv i11 ln clit nlii xa hi.
v p lUin /la, * xmVn I;u*i 1 VIII Ii.filc; r a k h i c h n h
Ir,
i tra VII1 nuu*
o * hii cm v;m iu*h
r> s, ra chuyn.
mn
li <ho nluTiii ihA (luiyrn mn ; i << Ur (lo sng lc ;
[>11; 111 (toi h c l p J n ~ \ v cii' n c x a h i c h n g h a .
Vo c h in h s r l iiH ii (ao v H n ( ? quc t,

n1*1 li IiVi 1*4 Iru II* > va nhn vin Ir CII ca hai phe;
< \i'*| lai vni I r lfmh <I;c> ( n L i n - x Iro ii p h e ia
VI (*h() l Liii (\:p cn iih;n k h n i l a n h o th c c h
m n i t h u c (la vAn c I h c h/mi* l i lir c.
XliiL Iiuimi u vn Inivni nhng 111 tirmig t sn
Iren (lAv <lfi iitiy trnii <liri nhng khau hiu ninh
(lan, nlnr nt ]) DaiiL , ug h cli (t , (( nhn
lo , <( nhn van , * <<l;ii ch hn Nh mrv ), < t do
siL* lc u (la tliio h pliii >, phau (li cii tlic ,
rt plnn (li chu n.*1im 41:10 <lii:u , chu^ ta khuynh;v.v...
Tuin bio Nli viti >1nI 14 Iihtr nliiiu; |) van a Giai
plm 0 va I)(' lii ll klumi* 1^1U' < 41 nhng c
quan tc (liiL* linh ihm ra 1)011 (l |u5 e v Ng-
nh-Dim 0 miu B/<\ D lm ca bn ((Nhn nn
l tinVuo C [h <II11<4 Iiliuii co- quan, ni Irii iih bn
phn rch niiig IImi-^a-ri (la (iui iili xc P-t-phi
l (h ph hnh, <I;i kch lanh o, tin ti c ng
qun ch l 11*4 ra ( 110*110 bi (11 lnh llur (VINVo-nan v
luy-i-pl ! Ta kln4 ly I111 In thay cc c<y quan
l u v i 11 I r u v i i r a M D i r m n h i t lit *1 Iii (( n h n g
hnh li cm nin bon <
r Nl l IHI .
Nluru* Iiln dan llst' cam phan Inrc Iihrri
lul dni hi oi, \;u\ 1\ cn rlii. Du* lun (t ni ItMi
<
011*>4 kch I)
' I chrnm.
o
l ) i i U il:iHL l i c n ih\ li* D a i i ^ v N li m r c (i
<|) kh IsliiM nhu* liu* ih hon cnh !ihin< ra nhan hay
i) Wu' li, c m s IImli rong gii ir K\n va tr

363
Urc, trong mt s l chc ca Mt Iran T quc v
ca mt s cn b (lan \\V\1 ( n l)im<4 lno (t 11* Vit-
nam, CIU vi I? ny liv ir khi\v m vo hn vi I>I1
N hn n a I I > (i l<i<*li lai l);in * VI C h i n h phu,

(aii nam iur>(), * lc lii11 lm* liiu (lon kt,

v to chc, v k IiiI ro* IM1 nilirni Irni. Ml
s cn b ml riiuli LiK* ch nhn lliiv inAu thun trong
* nh n. l l i vv m u l l i t m n ii
l * i 1)0* nl i i U ( l n k h o m . 1 ta v
ch, liieu sai ve iim Vin <1r (Inu chu v;i ehiivn chinh,
van ngh v chinh tr, <l;mh i sai kl C|iia ca cai cch
ruii4 (ll, klni Ihrv r n<4u\vn nhu khuyt cicm
sai lm, cho 1KM1 cti sinl ra bi qtum, hoi n^lii. Dng
t h i troii* c n l) x\ n l ; m cliu <* 111I v i i)iu h i n c a
ch ngha (ln tt* h(*|> hi, ii s 141 l|> (t ca
LII-X v 1iic nv anh IMI ; iir ('io l* i, t oi thirug
k in h n^ him I i *I l i r n I'\\i\ (\H* m r v Xi! ii i c*l ii MLhn,
(Uiiv la i bi )hu<* klor! h c \{ h liu l (a 1)011 (l
quc.
T n r v I m h l i m h ?Y, m t niiil c h u l i q u y n n l ia i i (lUY
a trin p bn ho;ii hin hnh, bn <1a rli nge
u (l v , i c a l)'u> N l l Oiin ; liit k l c , B a i
lao (i Viet-Uim Mn tip m<v uhfm<* di lu ven truyn
v hc tp trong lYui V1 trong uhAii <ln v thi s,
chnli sncli. T iv n lli? ^ii, bn phm (ch mng Himg-
g a - r i b r l)(*). li n (l: CUOC i\\ < lm*n llil h i l h u c
li A i - r p . r i n h linli Iroiu* iimVc* OI 011 n h tr*
l i. N h i eu* ti Iriili it lir UnVii4 lir S1I1 v l
tinVn x hi oliii n^hn Iitrv li v n i? |) l c .

364
 DANH SCH CC TC GI C BI
TRCH IN TRONG SCH

Troiu* t]) sch nv, oni llnq fi kin ca cc

vi vo B an rl p hanh Tvunq o n g C lao ng
Vt-nam, ca ( rh nhn (ln (C o, ca cc
(lo the. vn hor ilr i li ca ll s bo c h ,
(la trch nhCni b v; V kim c a cc v sau ay :
Vn-An L-mn-Hn
T rn h-xun-An T -H a n h
Xtin-B T -lo i
Ng IIy n-V n -Ho * Xuftn-l'lon4
V uC ao Nguyn-Hong
Trn-vn-Chnh Phm-Nng
Bon-thanh-Ohn T-dinh-Hng
Nguycn-Chnrtig C h n h -l u
Hong-Clurorog NUiy-nh Kontum
Phm-vn-Glitrng Lu-qti-K
Ngc-Cung Trn-van-Lm
Dom-vn-C Nguyn*Ln
V hng Chiromg T rn g -1.oan
H-tc-D T h -L
Xufui~Dung f)ngthi-Mai
T r S n- D ir io-Mai
Liru-ring-Dnrng lon-Mai
Hong-Ihrorng l)zoan-Mfm
uang-m Nguyn-Mng
IMinn-hunh-Bieu Phng- vn-M
Vi-tun- r Phm-ch- Nhn
TA-H i Lcrng-xun-Nhi

365
 Bng-sT-Nguyn PliMg-Tliin
Phiu-Ng --vn-Tliim
Cm-Phi Xun-Thnh
Mc-Phi N^uyn-n^c-Th
Bi-huy-Phn Phm-huy-Thn#
Nh-Phong Vi-Tluin
V- c- Ph c Nguyn-rao-rinrvn^
HanK-Phnrng
Vu-<hi v- T hmi
Thiu-Quang
Hong-Qun S-Tii
Trn-thi-ut lru-TiMi
VG-Sn Nguy 1 1 -v n - r i n
Gao-Sorn Lc-vin-Tin
Nguyn-anh-Ti Tlianh-Tun
Cng-To Tra n-tli-Tuyrl
Vo-huy-Tm Mnh-ph-T
CUu-thnh-Tiin O o-1 r 1 1 '-T
Hoi Thanh T rn-kil-TmYng
Phnj?-bao-Thch iong-Vn
Nguyn-(lnh-Thi Ngiy<*n-Vnl

366
 MC LC
TIU sa
) lai ti liu ca mt trn c/ii/1 u . 5
I HOA BINH LP LI, VN NC.HK OANG T HN B
PIIT TIUKN - NN(i HIN T N G KHNG
BNH T HNG BT DU XUT HIN - NHM
PH HOI N N VN ~(' , IA P Mn HA MT
TN CNG - NHN LI BA NM PH HOI CA
NHM JV/M,V VMA' - ; m / P l l M ............................. 9
Nh s linh o ca Dng v s gip ca
chinh cjuyn, cc ngnh vn hc, ngh thut tip
lc phi t r i e n ........................................................................... II
- Mt (l phn kli mi . ............................................... 15
Nhng hin itrng khng bnh 1h n g nt i1;u
xut h i n .......................................................................... ir>
Bo Nhn vtt v cc Gu pm ra i , c n g
khai c h ng ecii m n g .................................................... 17
Bo Nhn vn b ng c a , nhng n h m Nhn
vn ~ Giai phm tip t c ph h o i ........................ 19
Li mt
chut
.............................................................. 21
Niiii li ta nui |)li hoi c a n h m N h n
vn Giu phnt * . ............................. 22
IL CHN T NG CA BN l>U S NHM Pl i
HOI t S H N VN - t l M PHM T H LI
QU KH B: llliu ISO HIN TI CA NHNG
CON' NGI THU DCH v i CH B ........................ 37
L l i u n I 1 U I . . . ................................ ....... I J

- Con ili thy xo q u y t : .. ............................................ 42

- T n qun s qut Iiio: Nyun hu-ang . . . 45

367
 TA s a
Mt tn i bun chuyn ngh (iu c vn ngh:
T r n -t h i u - B o ................................................................. 53
Trng-Tu, mt tn phn cch mng i lt
U l c - x i ................................................................................. t)
Mt trit gia phn bi chn ly; Trn-c~Tho. 68
Mt nh nho tit t l o : Phan-Khi .. . . 75
Clnh hn nii khng i 111 : T r n - D u y 83
Mi tm hn i try : T r n -D n ............................... 90
Con c mn lng cng m m ngi trn
gh : - l ........................................................... ur>
Mt tn chuyn khch bc chia r : T-Phc. II
Mt tn bi bc : ilong-Ci ................................. 102
III. M MU, TH f)ON CA NHM PH HOI
NHN VN - GIAI PtiM ...................................... 105
Khng phi l vi tn lc hay v tinh .. . . 107
. . . li5 rng l nhng m mu, un (liu piiai
cch mng c h ling ................................................. 112
Gia v cng nhn s lanh (lo ca Dng ri
it kch vo BIitf, vo cn b ................................ 115
Tng r n # thi ccr n ...................... 120
Ha sc tc (lng tinh thn qun chng, ph
hoi chinh t r ................................................................. 121
L i d n g t d o bo c h i v van n g li !>11 c l u g
) mt v cng khai )l) hoi cch mng. . 126
Li dng cng v trng Bi hc, chng u
c tui tr , ph hoi nn gio (lc . . . .
Kiing nhng trong ncrc, m t mrc ngoi,
bn chng cng li d 11^4 lng tt ca nhu dn
cc nc bn m gy chia r, ph hoi v xuyn
tc cch mng V i t - n a m ........................................... 135
IV. NHNG LUN BIU CHNII TH V L LUN
VN NGH PHAN N G ............................................ 141
Nhng lun iu chnh Ir phn (lnu .
...v nhng quan im vn ngh phn ng.

368
 TRAM
V. NHNG TIKNG NOI l>N(i TINH NG H BN
NIIN VN GIA PHM - KHNG PHI
NGU NHIN M KI-: TH CA DN TC NG
H CIING ! .........................................................................( 2 ^
I);y ! Hu lliiKU ci nhm ph lioni Nhn
vn (ia i thim ........................................................... 229
Khn^ phi n 1.1 n g u nhin m k tli cii <tn
tnj4 h .*Iiuii 4 ! ...................................................... 231
VI. MT CAO TlO QUN c h n g p b o I1N
NHN VN - GI M 1HM - TlNG NI CA
l) MI T A N < ; I-I* n h n d n D L U N BO
CH VN NGH - N!IN(i NGl K BN NHN
VN - (AI PH M LI CUN CNG LN TING. (p
Bo Nhn vn kliii* phai ra i mt cch
de (lng ! C n li n nh in , n h n g n g i u
lin khn^ mun cho ting ni phn ng c
ct len .................................................................... . 2 3 7
Bo Nhii dn pht 1 1 1 1 vn<1 v (lt Nhn
vn Giat tiii Inrtr clir lun . . . . . . 239
Cao Iilii vit hn va i'\v vn nghi* s^ig ln
li n & li n g UI^ . ........................................245
T cc noi, qun clmg 4 iri )i v cc bo e
phn i bn ph hoi, Ciie bo khng ch
ng, n h p h i x i n li . . . ................................ 241)
(lng bn c tham gia u tranh chng bn
ph hoi Nhn vn Giai pm .....................252
Th l^Ue teng ni cua rut vl anh ch em
cng nhu .......................................................................... 254
. . . ca mt vai anh chi em lng dn. . . . 259
. . . cua b i ..................................................................260
. . . cua sinh vin, hc s i n h ......................... ..... 263
. . . cc nh g i o ........................................................... 266
Oae giVi bo chi, vi ngh cng lin lc in
ting trong mt thi &ian i .......................... 274
Nhng ngi b nh hng t tng ca bn
Nhn vn Giai phm cng a dng in t co. 302

369
 I li I M .
VII, CHUT D BO ISA K l l f C.Nt; - NHNG LI
TH TI CA BON IMI HOI XlliM VN -
GI AI *HM .........................................................................307'
C i o c h u i Xhiii t n tiiii phin} l) v y r l i
tr n IrT nh siij4 ca clir lum . 309
N l n g i th t . ...................

VIII. J HN CIIIKN DU BA KK1 m u < ; NGH ul YKL

CUA (H I VN N <11K V CA HAN C .ll l
MI I.IIN HIP VN MC NtiHK TIIUT VIT-
NAM NHUN<; c . u c I) u t h a n h CIINd T
TNC. NHN V N - ( U M />HM CON TIKP TC :>3:
T r n c h i n <u (t kt th c . . .35
N ^ h q u y t cii B;in c h p hanh ll i hn I|||
vn h c . n g h Ih u t V i t tiim . . . . . . . . S1
Ngh quyt evi cc ban chp 1 <1 l11 t*c hi van
h c ngh tlm t . . 110
N h n g , c u c cin i n m h cin^ l tirug i< N h

vn G ia i p h a 'II CI 1 11I> t c ....................... ;>2

n i L c

T h ca iau c li p 11 !1 11 T r u n g o*ng Dng lao

dng V l t-n u m gVi I>;ii hi van ngli tom f|UH*
ln th hai. ............................ 314
k i n ca ong r i u T t ir n ^ - r j i n h v V Nhti
vn Giai phm . . . . 354
N gl (ju y c t ca H c h n h tr Biin c l p llIt
T ru n g n^ Dang liO (I1K V it - nam v* vi<y
chn c h n h cng tc vnn .......................... . ;,r)t>
r r i c b bio cu c;i ilnig ch I r o ntf-r,hinh, uy
VM I1 li c h n h t r IaII c h p h nh T r u n g irtri^
>ntf lao n g V i t-Iiiim toc t i H i ngh T ru n rt
ii* Mt trn r quc Vit-n;iii l titfy 10 dn
21-3-195 .............................................U2
Bng danh scli cc lc c bi A\ Irch in trong
sch n y ...................................................... ............................ . 3G5

370
 NH CHNH

Trang Dng ln sai i Xin oc

l

56 10 ty thi thich ch ty thi th ch chi

99 5 try tc try lc 1
183 6 mt cc mt c c h
206 4 c che y c che y
260 15 nhn# eeh ng nhng cnh ng
297 7 rt ti ng*i rt t ngi
311 9 c hi
c hi
320 10+19 Nguyn khc; c Nguyn khc Dc
320 15 S ly tin. Lu Se ly tin Lu
hu Bcc hu c
323 1 tiu hy tiu by
327 18 T (li bn s 1, ly T i bn s 1, l
(abonn kh'Ong a b o n n (khong
25 t) 25 t)
330 28 T i cn hit to Ti cn ht to
360 30 o ta a vo t c h c o ta a vo to c h c

BN *NHN V N -G IA I PHM*
TRC TA N D LUN
In 2880 cun t nh n V - Hng
H -ni Xong ngy 2 - 9 - X 9 5 &
Kh 13 X 19 S xut bn 154
S in 77 Np lu chiu thng 9-5$