IMRAD FORMAT
Research Journal Articles
Objectives: the students should be able to
Discuss the contents of the research journal articles
Develop research journal reports
Research Journal Articles
Summarize the context, design, and results of a study
The primary method of disseminating research evidence
Context of Journal Articles
Quantitative journal articles follow the conventional organizational IMRaD format
IMRaD format
involves organizing materials into four main sections
-Introduction
-Methods
-Results and
-Discussion
The Abstract
it is the brief description of the study placed at the beginning of the article
composed of 100-200 words
and answers the following questions;
- What were the research questions?
- What methods did the researcher use to address those questions?
- What did the researcher find?
- What are the implication for practice?
The Introduction or I
It acquaints readers with the research problem and its context
The introduction usually follows immediately after the abstract
This section usually describes the following:
- The central phenomena, concepts, or variables under study
- The statement of purpose, and research questions or hypothesis to be tested
- A review of related literature
- The theoretical or conceptual framework
- The significance and the need for the study
The introduction sets the stage for a description of what the researcher did and
what was learned
The introduction corresponds roughly to the conceptual phase of the study
The Method or M
This section describes the methods used to answer the research questions
It tells the readers about major methodological decisions in the design planning
phase, and may offer rationales for those decisions
The method usually describes the following:
- The research design
- Sampling design and the description of the study participants
- Methods of data collection and specific instruments used
- Study procedures
- Analytic procedures and methods
The Results or R
This section presents the research findings
It summarizes key findings, often accompanied by more detailed tables or figures
The results section reports the following information
- Names of statistical tests used
- The value of the calculated statistics
- The significance
The Discussion or D
In this section, the researcher draws conclusion about the meaning and
implications of the findings
This section tries to unravel what the results mean; why things turned out the
way they did; and how the results can be used in practice
It includes the following elements:
- Interpretation of the results
- Clinical and research implications
- Study limitations and ramifications for the believability of the results
Dont forget your references using the institutions prescribes format
Thank You