Name: .. ( ) Class: 18S0.....

Raffles Institution
Year 5 H2 Chemistry 2017 1/2
Term 4 Chem Focus: Chemical Energetics

1 For which equation is the enthalpy change correctly described as an enthalpy change of
formation?

A C(g) + O2(g) CO2(g)

B C(s) + O2(g) CO(g)
C 2N(g) + 4O(g) N2O4(g)
D 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g)

2 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

The bond energy of the BrO bond is 235 kJ mol1.
Which reactions are exothermic?

1 OH + HBr H2 + BrO
2 OH + HBr H2O + Br
3 H + HBr H2 + Br

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

3 A student investigates four different fuels. Each fuel is used separately to raise the temperature of
1 dm3 of water from 20 oC to 100 oC. Each fuel undergoes complete combustion. All other
conditions are the same in each experiment.
Which fuel would produce the smallest amount of carbon dioxide in these experiments?

energy released
fuel
per mole of fuel
A ethanol 1367 kJ mol1
B methane 890 kJ mol1
C methanol 715 kJ mol1
D propane 2220 kJ mol1

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4 In an experiment to calculate the enthalpy change of combustion of a fuel, 1.5 g (0.0326 mol) of
the fuel was used to heat 200 g of water. The temperature of the water rose from 25 oC to 55 oC.
There is significant heat loss in this experiment. Therefore, the experimental value for the
enthalpy change of combustion, Hc, of the fuel will be different from the theoretical value.
Using the information above, what is the experimental value for the enthalpy change of
combustion, Hc, of the fuel?

A 1410 kJ mol1
B 769 kJ mol1
C 30.7 kJ mol1
D 16.7 kJ mol1

5 Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is released from volcanoes. It reacts with oxygen in the air to form sulfur
dioxide.
2H2S(g) + 3O2(g) 2H2O(l) + 2SO2(g)
What is the standard enthalpy change of this reaction?
Data: Hf
[H2S(g)] = 21 kJ mol1
Hf
[H2O(l)] = 286 kJ mol1
Hf
[SO2(g)] = 297 kJ mol1

A 1208 kJ mol1
B 1124 kJ mol1
C 562 kJ mol1
D 541 kJ mol1

6 The diagram shows the structure of cyclopropane.

The enthalpy change of formation of cyclopropane is +53.3 kJ mol1 and the enthalpy change of
atomisation of graphite is +717 kJ mol1.
The bond energy of the HH bond is 436 kJ mol1 and that of CH bond is 410 kJ mol1.
What value for the average bond energy of the CC bond in cyclopropane can be calculated from
this data?

A 187 kJ mol1 B 315 kJ mol1 C 351 kJ mol1 D 946 kJ mol1

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7 The lattice energies of the compounds caesium chloride, caesium fluoride, sodium chloride and
sodium fluoride are given below.
Which value corresponds to the lattice energy of caesium chloride?

A 661 kJ mol1 B 747 kJ mol1 C 780 kJ mol1 D 918 kJ mol1

8 The enthalpy change of formation of potassium chloride can be calculated using a Born-Haber
cycle.
The relevant enthalpy changes are shown in the table.

enthalpy change
/ kJ mol1
K(s) K(g) 0+90
Cl2(g) 2Cl(g) +242
+
K(g) K (g) + e +418

Cl(g) + e Cl (g) 355
+
K (g) + Cl (g) KCl(s) 710

What is the enthalpy change of formation of KCl?

A 315 kJ mol1
B 436 kJ mol1
C 616 kJ mol1
D 670 kJ mol1

9 The solubilities in water of the sulfates of the Group II elements, MSO4, decrease as the group is
descended.
MSO4(s) + aq M2+(aq) + SO42(aq) Hsolution
Which factors have to be considered in explaining this trend?

1 the hydration energy of M2+(aq)

2 the lattice energy of MSO4(s)
3 the first two ionisation energies of element M

A 1, 2 and 3
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1 only

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10 Hydrogen can be made from steam.
H2O(g) + C(s) H2(g) + CO(g)
The Gibbs free energy changes of reaction at two different temperatures are shown.
G1 = +78 kJ mol1 at 378 K
G2 = 58 kJ mol1 at 1300 K
Which row of the table gives the correct signs of H and S for this reaction?
H S
A
B +
C +
D + +

11 Strontium chloride, SrCl2, can be used to produce a red colour in fireworks.

(i) Draw the dot-and-cross diagram for strontium chloride. Show outer electrons only.
(ii) Use the following data, together with relevant data from the Data Booklet, to calculate a value
for the lattice energy of strontium chloride. You may find it helpful to construct a Born-Haber
cycle.
electron affinity per mole of chlorine atoms 349 kJ mol1
standard enthalpy change of atomisation of Sr(s) +184 kJ mol1
standard enthalpy change of formation of SrCl2(s) 830 kJ mol1

12 Copper(I) oxide and copper(II) oxide can both be used in the ceramic industry to give blue, green
or red tints to glasses, glazes and enamels.
The table lists the Hf
values for some compounds.
compound Hf
/ kJ mol1
Cu2O(s) 168.6
CuO(s) 157.3
Cu(NO3)2(s) 302.9
NO2(g) +33.2
(i) Copper(II) oxide can be produced in a pure form by heating copper(II) nitrate. Use suitable
Hf
values from the table to calculate H
for the following reaction.
Cu(NO3)2(s) CuO(s) + 2NO2(g) + O2(g)
(ii) Copper(I) oxide can be produced from copper(II) oxide.
Use suitable Hf
values from the table to calculate H
for this reaction:
2CuO(s) Cu2O(s) + O2(g)
Hence, suggest whether a low or a high temperature would favour the production of copper(I)
oxide. Explain our reasoning.
End of Worksheet
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