Los verbos irregulares en ingls (=English irregular verbs)

En ingls, hay una serie de verbos cuyo Simple Past (Pasado Simple) y Past Participle (participio pasado) no siguen ninguna regla,
y por lo tanto, son los llamados verbos irregulares. Aqu tienes una lista con todos ellos y ejemplos que ilustran estos verbos:

1) (to) arise: surgir, levantarse.

Simple Past: arose.
Past Participle: arisen.

Ex.: The sun has risen on the east. (El sol se ha levantado por el este).

2) (to) awake: despertarse.

Simple Past: awoke.
Past Participle: awoken.

Ex.: The boy had awaken when his parents arrived. (El chico se haba despertado cuando llegaron sus padres).

3) (to) be/ am, are, is: ser, estar.

Simple Past: was / were.
Past Participle: been.

Ex.: Tom had been in London for three years. (Tom haba estado en Londres durante tres aos).

4) (to) bear: dar a luz, soportar.

Simple Past: bore.
Past Participle: born.

Ex.: Jill bore a big child last night. (Jill dio a luz a un nio grande anoche).

5) (to) beat: vencer, golpear.

Simple Past: beat.
Past Participle: beaten.

Ex.: James had beaten his brother's nose at the school.

6) (to) become: convertirse en, llegar a ser.

Simple Past: became.
Past Participle: become.

Ex.: Hugh had become a very good guitar player last year (Hugh se haba convertido en un buen guitarrista el ao pasado).

7) (to) begin: comenzar, empezar.

Simple Past: began.
Past Participle: begun.

Ex.: John has begun his career as an actor. John ha empezado su carrera como actor.

8) (to) bend: curvarse, doblar.

Simple Past: bent.
Past Participle: bent.

Ex.: Rachel has bent the knife this morning. (Rachel ha doblado el cuchillo esta maana).

9) (to) bet: apostar.

Simple Past: bet.
Past Participle: bet.

Ex.: Holly has bet ten dollars for her favourite football team. (Holly ha apostado diez dlares por su equipo de ftbol favorito).

10) (to) bind: atar, encuadernar.

Simple Past: bound.
Past Participle: bound.

Ex.: The teachers had bound the book last semester. (Los profesores haban encuadernado el libro el semestre pasado).

11) (to) bid: pujar.

Simple Past: bid.
Past Participle: bid.

Ex.: Helen had bid for the bowl in the last auction. (Helen haba pujado por el jarrn en la pasada subasta).

12) (to) bite: morder.

Simple Past: bit.
Past Participle: bitten.

Ex.: Ursula had bitten her brother when they were eight years old. (rsula haba mordido a su hermano cuando los dos tenan
ocho aos).
13) (to) bleed: sangrar.
Simple Past: bled.
Past Participle: bled.

Ex.: Hugh's nose has bled all the morning.

14) (to) blow: soplar, hinchar.

Simple Past: blew.
Past Participle: blown.

Ex.: Gary had blown his birthday's candles at home. (Gary haba soplado sus velas de cumpleaos en casa).

15) (to) break: romper.

Simple Past: broke.
Past Participle: broken.

Ex.: James had broken the glass last night. (James haba roto el cristal anoche).

16) (to) breed: criar, alimentar.

Simple Past: bred.
Past Participle: bred.

Ex.: James has bred two horses in his farm. (James ha crado dos caballos en su granja).

17) (to) bring: traer, llevar.

Simple Past: brought.
Past Participle: brought.

Ex.: Jim had brought the bycicle to his house when I saw him (Jim haba llevado la bicicleta a su casa cuando yo le vi).

(to) broadcast: emitir, radiar, difundir por la televisin.

Simple Past: broadcast.
Past Participle: broadcast.

Ex.: The BBC has broadcast the show this morning. (La BBC ha emitido el espectculo esta maana).

18) (to) build: construir, edificar

Simple Past: built.
Past Participle: built.

Ex.: John had built a house near Menorca last month. (John haba construido/edificado una casa cerca de Menorca).

19-(to) burn: quemar, arder.

Simple Past: burnt /burned.
Past Participle: burnt / burned.

Ex.: Hugh has burnt the book when he has finished the exam. (Hugh ha quemado el libro cuando l ha acabado el examen).

20) (to) burst: reventar, estallar.

Simple Past: burst
Past Participle: burst.

Ex.: Yasmina has burst into tears this morning. (Yasmina ha estallado en lgrimas esta maana).

21) (to) buy: comprar.

Simple Past: bought.
Past Participle: bought.

Ex.: The teacher had bought pencils for the exam. (La profesora haba comprado lpices para el examen).

22) (to) cast: arrojar, tirar.

Simple Past: cast.
Past Participle: cast.

Ex.: My sister had cast the plant yesterday night. (Mi hermana haba tirado la planta ayer por la noche).

23) (to) catch: coger.

Simple Past: caught.
Past Participle: caught.
Ex.: The boy had caught the bus when Molly arrived. (El chico haba cogido el bus cuando lleg Molly).

24) (to) come: venir.

Simple Past: came.
Past Participle: come.

Ex.: Francis had come to my house when Susan arrived. (Francis haba venido a mi casa cuando Susan lleg)

25) (to) cost: costar.

Simple Past: cost.
Past Participle: cost.

Ex.: The pencil has cost one euro. (El lpiz haba costado un euro).

26) (to) cut: cortar.

Simple Past: cut.
Past Participle: cut.

Ex.: Ursula has cut the steak with a small knife. (Ursula ha cortado el filete con un cuchillo).

27) (to) choose: escoger, elegir.

Simple Past: chose.
Past Participle: chosen

28) (to) cling: agarrarse, aferrarse.

Simple Past: clung.
Past Participle: clung.

Ex.: The football player has clung to the stick this afternoon. (El jugador de ftbol se ha agarrado al palo esta tarde).

29) (to) creep: arrastrarse.

Simple Past: crept.
Past Participle; crept.

Ex.: The dog has crept on the floor all the morning. (El perro se ha arrastrado en el suelo toda la maana).

30) (to) deal: tratar.

Simple Past: dealt.
Past Participle: dealt.

Ex.: Our factory has dealt with another important company. (Nuestra empresa ha tratado con otra compaa importante).

31) (to) dig: cavar.

Simple Past: dug
Past Participle: dug.

Ex.: Herbert has dug a hole in his garden. (Herbert ha cavado un agujero en su jardn).

32) (to) do/does: hacer.

Simple Past: did.
Past Participle: done.

Ex.: Muriel has done the homework at a friend's house. (Muriel ha hecho los deberes en casa de una amiga).

33) (to) draw: dibujar, pintar.

Simple Past: drew.
Past Participle: drawn.

Ex.: The little boy has drawn an elephant this morning. (El nio pequeo ha dibujado un elefante esta maana).

34) (to) dream: soar.

Simple Past: dreamt / dreamed.
Past Participle: dreamt / dreamed.

Ex.: Jules has dreamt all night. (Jules ha soado toda la noche).

35) (to) drink: beber.

Simple Past: drank.
Past Participle: drunk.

Ex.: Hugh has drunk wine all the afternoon. (Hugh ha bebido vino toda la tarde).

36) (to) drive: conducir.

Simple Past: drove.
Past Participle: driven.

Ex.: You have driven to the beach this morning. (T has conducido hasta la playa esta maana).

37) (to) eat: comer.

Simple Past: ate.
Past Participle: eaten.

Ex.: Helen has eaten a sandwich at home. (Helen ha comido un sandwich en casa).

38) (to) fall: caer/se.

Simple Past: fell.
Past Participle: fallen.
Ex.: Jim has fallen from the stairs when he has arrived home. (Jim se ha cado de las escaleras cuando l ha llegado a casa).

39) (to) feed: alimentar.

Simple Past: fed.
Past Participle: fed.

Ex.: Ulrich has fed his dogs with bread. (Ulrich ha alimentado a sus perros con pan.

40) (to) feel: sentir.

Simple Past: felt.
Past Participle: felt.

Ex.: James has felt love when he has seen the girl. (James ha sentido amor cuando ha visto a la chica).

41) (to) fight: luchar.

Simple Past: fought.

Past Participle: fought.

Ex.: The dog has fought against the cat. (El perro ha luchado contra el gato)

42) (to) find: encontrar.

Simple Past: found.
Past Participle: found.

43) (to) flee: huir.

Simple Past: fled.
Past Participle: fled.

Ex.: John has fled the country with his wife. (John ha huido del pas con su mujer).

44) (to) fly: volar.

Simple Past: flew.
Past Participle: flown.

Ex.: Paul has flown from Barcelona to Paris this morning. (Paul ha volado de Barcelona a Pars esta maana).

45) (to) forbid: prohibir.

Simple Past: forbade.
Past Participle: forbidden.

Ex.: Juliana has forbidden red dresses in her class.

46) (to) forget: olvidar.

Simple Past: forgot.
Past Participle: forgotten

Ex.: James has forgotten the key in the bar. (James ha olvidado la llave en el bar).

47) (to) forgive: perdonar.

Simple Past: forgave.
Past Participle: forgiven.

Ex.: Helmut has forgiven the mistake this month. (Helmut ha perdonado el error este mes).

48) (to) freeze: helar, congelar.

Simple Past: froze.
Past Participle: frozen.

Ex: The snow has frozen on the roof. (La nieve se ha helado en el tejado.

49) (to) get: conseguir, lograr, obtener.

Simple Past: got.
Past Participle: got / gotten.

Ex.: Mary has got a new bicycle this week. (Mary ha conseguido una nueva bicicleta esta semana).

50) (to) give: dar.

Simple Past: gave.
Past Participle: given.

Ex: Some boys have given a cake to the brown dog.

51) (to) go/ goes: ir.

Simple Past: went.
Past Participle: gone.
Ex.: A mouse has gone to his house this morning. (Un ratn ha ido a su casa esta maana.

52) (to) grow: crecer.

Simple Past: grew.
Past participle: grown.

Ex.: The farmer has grown potatoes in his orchard. (El granjero ha cultivado patatas en su huerto).

53) (to) grind: moler.

Simple Past: ground.
Past Participle: ground.

Ex.: Robert has ground the coffee this month. (Robert ha molido el caf este mes).

54) (to) hang: colgar.

Simple Past: hung.
Past Participle: hung.

Ex.: My sister has hung the picture on the wall. (Mi hermana ha colgado el cuadro en la pared).

55) (to) have : tener, haber.

Simple Past: had.
Past Participle: had.

Ex.: My friend has had a baby this morning. (Mi amiga ha tenido un beb esta maana).

56) (to) hear: or.

Simple Past: heard.
Past Participle: heard.

Ex.: Jim has heard a bird on the roof this morning. (Jim ha odo un pjaro en el tejado esta maana).

57) (to) hide: esconder, esconderse.

Simple Past: hid.
Past Participle: hidden.

Ex.: Gary has hidden the bread in his room. (Gary ha escondido el pan en su habitacin).

58) (to) hit: golpear.

Simple Past: hit.
Past Participle: hit.

Ex.: John has hit the ball with his arm. (John ha golpeado la pelota con su brazo).

59) (to) hold: agarrar, celebrar.mantener, coger.

Simple Past: held.
Past Participle: held.

Ex.: The boss has held a meeting in the USA this week.
60) (to) hurt: herir, daar.
Simple Past: hurt.
Past Participle: hurt.

Ex.: The elephant has hurt the tourist knee at the safari. (El elefante ha herido la rodilla del turista en el safari).

61) (to) keep: guardar, mantener.

Simple Past: kept.
Past Participle: kept.

Ex.: The woman has kept the milk in the fridge. (La mujer ha guardado la leche en la nevera).

62) (to) know: conocer, saber.

Simple Past: knew.
Past Participle: known.

Ex.: Umberto has known his wife since they were young. (Umberto conoce a su mujer desde que eran jvenes).

63) (to) kneel: arrodillarse.

Simple Past: knelt.
Past Participle: knelt.

Ex.: The nun has knelt in the church.

64) (to) knit: hacer punto.

Simple Past: knit.
Past Participle: knit.
Ex.: The old woman has knit all the morning at her house. (La mujer mayor ha hecho punto toda la maana en su casa).

65) (to) lay: poner.

Simple Past: laid.
Past Participle: laid.

Ex.: Her friends have laid a present beside the door. (Sus amigos han puesto un regalo al lado de la puerta).

66) (to) lead: conducir, dirigir.

Simple Past: led.
Past Participle: led.

Ex.: Yoko has lead the Japanese tourists to the cathedral this morning. (Yoko ha dirigido a los turistas japoneses a la catedral esta
maana).

67) (to) lean: apoyarse.

Simple Past: leant.
Past Participle: leant.

Ex.: The girls have leant on the wall this afternoon. (Las chicas se han apoyado en el muro esta tarde).

68) (to) leap: brincar.

Simple Past: leapt.
Past Participle: leapt.

Ex.: Your father has leapt when he has seen your new car. (Tu padre ha brincado cuando ha visto tu coche nuevo).

69) (to) learn: aprender.

Simple Past: learnt / learned.
Past Participle: learnt / learned.

Ex.: Yoshi has learnt Catalan this year. (Yoshi ha aprendido cataln este ao).

70) (to) leave: dejar.

Simple Past: left.
Past Participle: left.

Ex.: My brother has left his flat this week. (Mi hermano ha dejado su piso este mes).

71) (to) lend: prestar.

Simple Past: lent.
Past Participle: lent.

Ex.: My neighbour has lent me his car to go to the supermarket. (Mi vecino me ha prestado su coche para ir al supermercado).
72) (to) let: dejar, permitir.
Simple Past: let.
Past Participle: let.

Ex.: Her sister has let me make an omelette in her house. (Su hermana me ha dejado hacer una tortilla en su casa).

73) (to) lie: echarse.

Simple Past: lay.
Past Participle: lain.

Ex.: Our family has lain on the grass after lunch. (Nuestra familia se ha echado en el csped despus del almuerzo).

74) (to) light: encender.

Simple Past: lit.
Past Participle: lit.

Ex.: Anthony has lit a cigarette this morning. (Anthony ha encendido un cigarrillo esta maana).

75) (to) lose: perder.

Simple Past: lost.
Past Participle: lost.

Ex.: The student has lost his books in the train. (El estudiante ha perdido sus libros en el tren).

76) (to) make: hacer, fabricar.

Simple Past: made.
Past Participle: made.

Ex.: The baker has made a big cake for his daughter's birthday. (El panadero ha hecho un gran pastel para el cumpleaos de su
hija).

77) (to) mean: significar.

Simple Past: meant.
Past Participle: meant.
Ex.: Paul's leaving has meant a big loss for Susan. La partida de Paul ha significado una gran prdida para Susan).
78) (to) meet: conocerse por primera vez, encontrarse.
Simple Past: met.
Past Participle: met.

Ex.: Anne has met a friend at the cinema. (Anne se ha encontrado a un amigo en el cine).

79) (to) mistake: errar, equivocarse.

Simple Past: mistook.
Past Participle: mistaken.

Ex.: They have mistaken one bag for another one. (Ellos han equivocado una cartera por otra).

80) (to) overcome: vencer.

Simple Past: overcame.
Past Participle: overcome.

Ex.: James has overcome his illness this year. (James ha superado su enfermedad este ao).

81) (to) pay: pagar.

Simple Past: paid.
Past Participle: paid.

Ex.: Chrales has paid a thousand euros for a boat. (James ha pagado mil euros por una barca).

82) (to) put: poner.

Simple Past: put.
Past Participle: put.

Ex.: You have put the trousers inside the cupboard. (T has puesto los pantalones dentro del armario.

83) (to) read: leer.

Simple Past: read.
Past Participle: read.

Ex.: They have read Joseph's novel this semester. (Ellos han ledo la novela de Joseph este semestre).
84) (to) ride: conducir, montar.
Simple Past: rode.
Past Participle: ridden.

Ex.: My friend has ridden a horse this week-end. (Mi amiga ha montado a caballo este fin de semana).

85) (to) ring: llamar (al timbre o por telfono).

Simple Past: rang.
Past Participle: rung.

Ex.: The boy has rung Mary this afternoon. (El chico ha llamado a Mary esta tarde).

86) (to) rise: elevarse, levantarse.

Simple Past: rose.
Past Participle: risen.

Ex.: The sun has risen very early this morning. (El sol ha salido muy temprano esta maana).

87) (to) run: correr.

Simple Past: ran.
Past Participle: run.

Ex.: Tim has run all the morning to practice some sport. (Tom ha corrido toda la maana para practicar algo de deporte).

88) (to) say: decir.

Simple Past: said.
Past Participle: said.

Ex.: Gertrud has said no to her husband's command. (Gertrud ha dicho que no a la peticin de su marido).

89) (to) see: ver.

Simple Past: saw.
Past Participle: seen.

Ex.: Harold has seen "Frida" this week. (Harold ha visto "Frida" esta semana).
90) (to) seek: buscar.

Simple Past: sought.

Past Participle: sought.

Ex.: John has sought his wallet at home. (John ha buscado su monedero en casa).
91) (to) sell: vender.
Simple Past: sold.
Past Participle: sold.

Ex.: Marius has sold his bicycle this morning. (Marius ha vendido su bicicleta esta maana).

92) (to) send: enviar.

Simple Past: sent.
Past Participle: sent.

Ex.: The teacher has sent a letter to his pupils' parents. (El profesor ha enviado una carta a los padres de sus alumnos).

93) (to) set: poner (se)

Simple Past: set.
Past Participle: set.

Ex.: The sun has set at six this evening. (El sol se ha puesto a las seis esta tarde).

94) (to) sew: coser.

Simple Past: sewed.
Past Participle: sewed / sewn.

Ex.: My boyfriend's mother has sewed/sewn a very beautiful green dress.

95) (to) shake: sacudir.

Simple Past: shook.
Past Participle: shaken.

Ex.: The boy has shaken the bag at the school. (El chico ha sacudido la bolsa esta maana).
96) (to) shear: esquilar.
Simple Past: shore.
Past Participle: shorn.

Ex.: The old man has shorn the

ENGLISH VERBS AND SPANISH VERBS

English Verbs

Verbs are "action" words, they are used to express the action of the sentence or to speak about the person or object that is
performing the action. Eg:
We buy some books.
In this example, the action word is "to buy". It tells us that the subject "we", that is the person who performs the
action of the verb is "buying some books".
Mary likes apples.
In this example, the verb "to like" is telling us something about the subject.
In English, we distinguish between regular and irregular verbs. Regular verbs are those ones which form their past simple and
past participle just by adding "-ed" to the base of the verb. The rest are irregular. We will explain all these rules in more details
in each verb tense.

English verbs are much easier to learn than Spanish verbs. While in Spanish we have a different ending for each person and
tense of the verb, in English it is not like that. Eg.
I watched television last night.
She watched television last night.
While in Spanish these two examples would be:
(yo) Vi la televisin anoche.
(ella) Vio la televisin anoche.
Auxiliary Verbs

There are a couple of verbs that are fundamental when it comes to conquering the verbs conjugations in English. They are
called auxiliary verbs. The English auxiliary verbs are: to be, to have and to do. They are called auxiliary verbs because they
help you to conjugate the complex tenses, that is, the tenses that are formed by more than one word. We really need to learn
their present, past simple and the modal auxiliary verb "will and shall" by heart in order to be able to conjugate the other
verbs.

will/shall To be = Ser, estar To have = tener, haber To do = hacer

Future Present Past Present Past Present Past
I will/shall I am I was I have I had I do I did
You will You are You were You have You had You do I did
He will He is He was He has He had He does He did
She will She is She was She has She had She does She did
It will It is It was It has It had It does It did
We will/shall We are We were We have We had We do We did
You will You are You are You have You had You do You did
They will They are They were They have They had They do They did
Let's start by the auxiliary "to be". We use this verb in its present simple to form the present continuous of the other verbs. Eg:
I am reading a book. (Estoy leyendo un libro)
I am not reading a book. (No estoy leyendo un libro)
Are you reading a book? (Ests leyendo un libro?)
We use the verb "to be" in its past simple to form the past continuous of the other verbs. Eg:
I was reading a book. (Estaba leyendo un libro)
I was not (wasn't) reading a book. (No estaba leyendo un libro)
Were you reading a book? (Estabas leyendo un libro?)
We use the modal auxiliary "will / shall" to form the future of the other verbs. Eg:
I will read a book tomorrow. (Leer un libro maana)
I will not (won't) read a book. (No leer un libro)
Will you read a book? (Leers un libro?)
Secondly, we will explain the auxiliary "to have". We use it in its present simple to form the present perfect simple of the rest
of verbs. Eg:
I have read a book. (He ledo un libro)
I have not (haven't) read a book. (No he ledo un libro)
Have you read a book? (Has ledo un libro?)
We use it in its past simple to form the past perfect simple of the rest of verbs. Eg:
I had read a book. (Haba ledo un libro)
I had not (hadn't) read a book. (No haba ledo un libro)
Had you read a book? (Habas ledo un libro?)
Finally, we will explain the verb "to do". We use it in the present simple of all the verbs except for the verb to be, to form the
negative and interrogative forms. Eg:
Do you read a book? (Lees un libro?)
Does she read a book? (Lee (ella) un libro?)
I do not (don't) read a book. (No leo un libro)
She does not (doesn't) read a book. (Ella no lee un libro)
The same occurs in its past simple. Eg:
Did you read a book yesterday? (Leste un libro ayer?)
She did not (didn't) read a book yesterday. (Ella no ley un libro ayer)

Verb Tenses
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future with "going to"
Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Simple
Past Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Simple
Future Perfect Continuous

Spanish Verbs