1.

CALCULAR

En un estudio de un fenmeno fsico se registr los siguientes datos:

POSICIN AL
PUNTO BASE 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0
(cm)
DOSIFICACIN
(105 rads/h) 1.90 2.39 2.71 2.98 3.20 3.20 2.98 2.78

Ajuste polinomios de interpolacin de varios grados a los datos para obtener la

informacin faltante. Cul considera que es la mejor estimacin para el nivel de
dosificacin a 2.5 cm?

SOLUCIN

a) Lo ordenamos en una funcin tabular y mediante el mtodo de Neville

calcularemos el valor de f(x) correspondiente para x = 2.5.

i x f (x)
0 0 1.90 = Q0.0
1 0.5 2.39 = Q1.0
2 1.0 2.71 = Q2.0
3 1.5 2.98 = Q3.0
4 2.0 3.20 = Q4.0
5 3.0 3.20 = Q5.0
6 3.5 2.98 = Q6.0
7 4.0 2.78 = Q7.0

b) Ahora utilizando el algoritmo:

(X Xij ) Qi,j1 (X Xi ) Qi1,j1

Qi,j (x) =
X i Xij

Hacemos: i = 1, j = 1

(X X0 ) Q1,0 (X X1 ) Q0,0
Q1,1 (x) =
X1 X 0

(2.5 0) 2.39 (2.5 0.5) 1.90

Q1,1 (x) =
0.5 0

Q1,1 (x) = 4.35

 Hacemos: i = 2, j = 1

(X X1 ) Q2,0 (X X2 ) Q1,0
Q2,1 (x) =
X 2 X1

(2.5 0.5) 2.71 (2.5 1.0) 2.39

Q2,1 (x) =
1.0 0.5

Q2,1 (x) = 3.67

Hacemos: i = 3, j = 1

(X X2 ) Q3,0 (X X3 ) Q2,0
Q3,1 (x) =
X3 X2

(2.5 1.0) 2.98 (2.5 1.5) 2.71

Q3,1 (x) =
1.5 1.0

Q3,1 (x) = 3.52

Hacemos: i = 4, j = 1

(X X3 ) Q4,0 (X X4 ) Q3,0
Q4,1 (x) =
X4 X3

(2.5 1.5) 3.20 (2.5 2.0) 2.98

Q4,1 (x) =
2.0 1.5

Q4,1 (x) = 3.42

Hacemos: i = 5, j = 1

(X X4 ) Q5,0 (X X5 ) Q4,0
Q5,1 (x) =
X5 X4

(2.5 2.0) 3.20 (2.5 3.0) 3.20

Q5,1 (x) =
3.0 2.0

Q5,1 (x) = 3.20

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 1

(X X5 ) Q6,0 (X X6 ) Q5,0
Q6,1 (x) =
X6 X5
 (2.5 3.0) 2.98 (2.5 3.5) 3.20
Q6,1 (x) =
3.5 3.0

Q6,1 (x) = 3.42

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 1

(X X6 ) Q7,0 (X X7 ) Q6,0
Q7,1 (x) =
X7 X6

(2.5 3.5) 2.74 (2.5 4.0) 2.98

Q7,1 (x) =
4.0 3.5

Q7,1 (x) = 3.38

Hacemos: i = 2, j = 2

(X X0 ) Q2,1 (X X2 ) Q1,1
Q2,2 (x) =
X2 X0

(2.5 0) 3.67 (2.5 1.0) 4.35

Q2,2 (x) =
1.0 0

Q2,2 (x) = 2.65

Hacemos: i = 3, j = 2

(X X1 ) Q3,1 (X X3 ) Q2,1
Q3,2 (x) =
X 3 X1

(2.5 0.5) 3.52 (2.5 1.5) 3.67

Q3,2 (x) =
1.5 0.5

Q3,2 (x) = 3.37

Hacemos: i = 4, j = 2

(X X2 ) Q4,1 (X X4 ) Q3,1
Q4,2 (x) =
X4 X2

(2.5 1.0) 3.42 (2.5 2.0) 3.52

Q4,2 (x) =
2.0 1.0

Q4,2 (x) = 3.37

Hacemos: i = 5, j = 2
 (X X3 ) Q5,1 (X X5 ) Q4,1
Q5,2 (x) =
X5 X3

(2.5 1.5) 3.20 (2.5 3.0) 3.42

Q5,2 (x) =
3.0 1.5

Q5,2 (x) = 3.2733

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 2

(X X4 ) Q6,1 (X X6 ) Q5,1
Q6,2 (x) =
X6 X4

(2.5 2.0) 3.42 (2.5 3.5) 3.20

Q6,2 (x) =
3.5 2.0

Q6,2 (x) = 3.2733

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 2

(X X5 ) Q7,1 (X X7 ) Q6,1
Q7,2 (x) =
X7 X5

(2.5 3.0) 3.46 (2.5 4.0) 3.42

Q7,2 (x) =
4.0 3.0

Q7,2 (x) = 3.44

Hacemos: i = 3, j = 3

(X X0 ) Q3,2 (X X3 ) Q2,2
Q3,3 (x) =
X3 X0

(2.5 0) 3.37 (2.5 1.5) 2.65

Q3,3 (x) =
1.5 0

Q3,3 (x) = 3.85

Hacemos: i = 4, j = 3

(X X1 ) Q4,2 (X X4 ) Q3,2
Q4,3 (x) =
X 4 X1

(2.5 0.5) 3.37 (2.5 2.0) 3.37

Q4,3 (x) =
2.0 0.5
 Q4,3 (x) = 3.37

Hacemos: i = 5, j = 3

(X X2 ) Q5,2 (X X5 ) Q4,2
Q5,3 (x) =
X5 X2

(2.5 1.0) 3.2733 (2.5 3.0) 3.37

Q5,3 (x) =
3.0 1.0

Q5,3 (x) = 3.2975

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 3

(X X3 ) Q6,2 (X X6 ) Q5,3
Q6,3 (x) =
X6 X3

(2.5 1.5) 3.2733 (2.5 3.5) 3.2733

Q6,3 (x) =
3.5 1.5

Q6,3 (x) = 3.2733

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 3

(X X4 ) Q7,2 (X X7 ) Q6,2
Q7,3 (x) =
X7 X4

(2.5 2.0) 3.44 (2.5 4.0) 3.2733

Q7,3 (x) =
4.0 2.0

Q7,3 (x) = 3.3149

Hacemos: i = 4, j = 4

(X X0 ) Q4,3 (X X4 ) Q3,3
Q4,4 (x) =
X4 X0

(2.5 0) 3.37 (2.5 2.0) 3.85

Q4,4 (x) =
2.0 0

Q4,4 (x) = 3.25

Hacemos: i = 5, j = 4
 (X X1 ) Q5,3 (X X5 ) Q4,3
Q5,4 (x) =
X 5 X1

(2.5 0.5) 3.2975 (2.5 3.0) 3.37

Q5,4 (x) =
3.0 0.5

Q5,4 (x) = 3.312

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 4

(X X2 ) Q6,3 (X X6 ) Q5,3
Q6,4 (x) =
X6 X2

(2.5 1.0) 3.2733 (2.5 3.5) 3.2975

Q6,4 (x) =
3.5 1.0

Q6,4 (x) = 3.283

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 4

(X X3 ) Q7,3 (X X7 ) Q6,3
Q7,4 (x) =
X7 X3

(2.5 1.5) 3.3149 (2.5 4.0) 3.2733

Q7,4 (x) =
4.0 1.5

Q7,4 (x) = 3.2899

Hacemos: i = 5, j = 5

(X X0 ) Q5,4 (X X5 ) Q4,4
Q5,5 (x) =
X5 X0

(2.5 0) 3.312 (2.5 3.0) 3.25

Q5,5 (x) =
3.0 0

Q5,5 (x) = 3.301666667

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 5

(X X1 ) Q6,4 (X X6 ) Q5,4
Q6,5 (x) =
X 6 X1

(2.5 0.5) 3.283 (2.5 3.5) 3.312

Q6,5 (x) =
3.5 0.5

Q6,5 (x) = 3.292666667

 Hacemos: i = 7, j = 5

(X X2 ) Q7,4 (X X7 ) Q6,4
Q7,5 (x) =
X7 X2

(2.5 1.0) 3.28994 (2.5 4.0) 3.283

Q7,5 (x) =
4.0 1.0

Q7,5 (x) = 3.28647

Hacemos: i = 6, j = 6

(X X0 ) Q6,5 (X X6 ) Q5,5
Q6,6 (x) =
X6 X0

(2.5 0) 3.292666667 (2.5 3.5) 3.301666667

Q6,6 (x) =
3.5 0

Q6,5 (x) = 3.295238096

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 6

(X X1 ) Q7,5 (X X7 ) Q6,5
Q7,6 (x) =
X 7 X1

(2.5 0.5) 3.28647 (2.5 4.0) 3.292666667

Q7,6 (x) =
4.0 0.5

Q7,6 (x) = 3.289126

Hacemos: i = 7, j = 7

(X X0 ) Q7,6 (X X7 ) Q6,6
Q7,7 (x) =
X7 X0

(2.5 0) 3.289126 (2.5 4.0) 3.295238096

Q7,7 (x) =
4.0 0

Q7,7 (x) = 3.289758036 x10^5 rad/h para posicin 2.5 cm.

1. CALCULAR

En un experimento se obtuvo 7 puntos como informacin en donde se da los

valores:

T -1 -0,96 -0,86 -0,79 0,22 0,5 0,936

Y -1 -0,151 0,894 0,986 0,896 0,985 -0,306

a) Trace los puntos y luego interpole con la curva suave.

b) Trace el polinomio de 6 grado que interpole esos puntos.

SOLUCIN

a) Trace los puntos y luego interpole con la curva suave.

b) Trace el polinomio de 6 grado que interpole esos puntos.

POR DIFERENCIA DIVIDIDAS

PRIMERA DIFERENCIA

f(x1 ) f(x0 ) 0.151 (1)

f[x0 ,x1 ] = = = .
x1 x0 0.96 (1)

f(x2 ) f(x1 ) 0.894 (0.151)

f[x1 ,x2 ] = = = .
x2 x1 0.86 (0.96)
 f(x3 ) f(x2 ) 0.986 0.894
f[x2 ,x3 ] = = = .
x3 x2 0.79 (0.86)

f(x4 ) f(x3 ) 0.895 0.986

f[x3 ,x4 ] = = = .
x4 x3 0.22 (0.79)

f(x5 ) f(x4 ) 0.5 0.895

f[x4 ,x5 ] = = = .
x5 x4 0.5 0.22

f(x6 ) f(x5 ) 0.306 0.5

f[x5 ,x6 ] = = = .
x6 x5 0.936 0.5

SEGUNDA DIFERENCIA

f[x1 ,x2 ] f[x0 ,x1 ] 10.4521.225

_ f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ] = x2 x0
= 0.86(1)
= .

f[x2 ,x3 ] f[x1 ,x2 ] 1.31428510.45

_ f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ] = x3 x1
= 0.79(0.96)
= .

f[x3 ,x4 ] f[x2 ,x3 ] 0.090009900991.314285

_ f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ] = x4 x2
= 0.22(0.86)

f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ] = .

_f f[x4 ,x5] f[x3 ,x4 ] 1.410714286 (0.0900990099)

[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] = =
x5 x3 0.5 (0.79)

f[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] = -1.340870092

f[x5 ,x6] f[x4 ,x5 ] 4.239962966 (1.410714286)

_ f[x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] = =
x6 x4 0.936 0.22

f[x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] = -2.269691617

TERCERA DIFERENCIA

f[x1 ,x2,x3 ] f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ]

f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ] =
x3 x0

53.7394958(76.96428571)
f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ] = = .
0.79(1)
 f[x2 ,x3,x4 ] f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ]
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ] =
x4 x1

1.300355565 (53.7394958)
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ] = = 44.24159003
0.22 (0.96)

f[x3 ,x4,x5 ] f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ]

f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] =
x5 x2

1.340870092 (1.300355565)
f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] = = 0.02979009338
0.5 (0.86)

f[x4 ,x5,x6 ] f[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ]

f[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] =
x6 x3

2.269691617 (1.340870092)
f[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] = = 0.5381352984
0.936 (0.79)

CUARTA DIFERENCIA

f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ] f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3]

f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4] =
x4 x0

44.24159003110.5942377
f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4] = = -54.38741612
0.22(1)
f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] f[x1 ,x2,x3,x4]
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5] =
x5 x1

0.02979009338 44.24159003
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5] = = .
0.5 (0.96)

f[x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] f[x2 ,x3,x4,x5]

f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6] =
x4 x0

0.5381352984 (0.02979009338)
f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6] = = .
0.22 (1)

QUINTA DIFERENCIA

f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ] f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3,x4 ]

f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4,x5] =
x5 x0

30.3228631 (54.38741612)
f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4,x5] = = 16.04303535
0.5 (1)
 f[x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] f[x1 ,x2,x3,x4,x5 ]
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5,x6] =
x6 x1

0.4166763976 (30.3228631)
f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5,x6] = = 15.77330522
0.936 (0.96)

SEXTA DIFERENCIA

f[x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ] f[x0 ,x1,x2 ,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ]
f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4,x5,x6] =
x6 x0

15.77330522 16.04303535
f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ,x3 ,x4,x5,x6] = = .
0.936 (1)

CALCULANDO EL POLINOMIO DE SEXTO GRADO

P(X) = f(X0 ) + (x x0 ) f[x0 ,x1 ] + (x x0 )(x x1 ) f[x0 ,x1 ,x2 ] +

(x x0 )(x x1 )(x x2 ) f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3] +

(x x0 )(x x1 )(x x2 )(x x3 ) f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3,x4] +

(x x0 )(x x1 )(x x2 )(x x3 )(x x4 ) f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3,x4 ,x5 ] +

(x x0 )(x x1 )(x x2 )(x x3 )(x x4 )(x x5 ) f[x0 ,x1,x2,x3 ,x4 ,x5 ,x6 ]

P(X) = 1 + (x + 1)(21.225) + (x + 1)(x + 0.96)(76.96428571) +

(x + 1)(x + 0.96)(x + 0.86)(110.5942377) + (x + 1)(x + 0.96)

(x + 0.86)(x + 0.79)(54.38741612) + (x + 1)(x + 0.96)

(x + 0.86)(x + 0.79)(x 0.22)(16.04303535) + (x + 1)

(x + 0.96)(x + 0.86)(x + 0.79)(x 0.22)(x 0.5)(. )

() = . + . .

. . + . .