Work Based First Aid Training

Course Resource Pack

NOTE: IN ORDER TO MEET NZQA TIME REQUIREMENTS TO BE AWARDED THE
UNIT STANDARDS IN FIRST AID, THIS RESOURCE PACK AND THE REVIEW QUIZ
MUST BE COMPLETED PRIOR TO ATTENDANCE ON THE PRACTICAL COURSE
Welcome!
First Aid Training with Life Care Consultants
You will soon be attending either our Refresher Work Based First Aid Course or our full Work Based First
Aid Course.

To help you prepare for your course we have provided you with this resource pack. Included in this pack
are three important items that we would be grateful if you could complete prior to attending your classroom
course:

First Aid Training with Life Care Consultants

Pre-course reading material
Suggested pre-course activities

In order to meet the requirements to be issued the NZQA unit standards and to help us get a better
appreciation of your own knowledge, you MUST complete the Resource Pack Review at the back of
this handout and bring it with you to your course.

If you have any queries about your upcoming course please feel free to contact us on 0800 493 559 to
discuss, otherwise we look forward to seeing you ready to go at the scheduled start time of your training.

Karen really made it Wayne is very interesting and Shannon was

such a comfortable keeps the course environment Donna is the best great. Was bubbly
alive. Excellent trainer instructor I have and happy and
environment, and
had! She is fun, made Saturday
everyone was much
plus informative, course more fun
more relaxed because and kept us all
The day has plus very
of the way she ran the given me a lot professional listening. Very
course and interacted more confidence good!
with people. She was in first aid
awesome

We receive a lot of very positive feedback like this from our course participants, feedback that truly reflects
our core values: Attitude is Everything Passionate, Fun, Positive!

Our courses are facilitated by fulltime professional Health Consultants who are passionate about First Aid
and workplace safety. They will ensure your learning experience is a fun and positive one, and most of all,
they will ensure that you walk away feeling confident in your ability to administer appropriate First Aid
should you ever be called upon to do so.

All our courses are practically oriented and relevant to your workplace. You will be invited to share your own
experiences and knowledge to ensure this, so expect to be fully involved!

In 2013 Life Care

Consultants trained over
25,000 people in First Aid!
First Aid is Easy!
First Aid is easy. We believe in keeping it simple and making it as easy as
possible. Really, First Aid is simply about doing what you can, with what youve
got, the best you can.

Remember First Aid is generally considered to be the care provided by everyday

people. With that in mind the aim is simply to preserve life and prevent further
harm until the medical professionals arrive and can take over.

You enter a part of your workplace and

find a workmate lying very still on the
floor. What do you do?

There are lots of things you could do, but to keep it simple, weve developed the
following four key take home messages to help you do the right thing:

Life Cares Key What to do messages:

Do the best you can, with what youve got

DRSABCD
30:2 no matter who
Provide General Cares + 1

Our experience shows that if you remember these 4 simple key messages, youll
be well on your way to doing the right thing! Youll hear a lot more about these key
What to do messages during your course.

One of our guys who trained with Life Care in March was
first on the scene at a serious accident recently. Through
what he was taught on the course he was able to use his
DRSABCs and ultimately perform CPR and save the guys
life. A fantastic result demonstrating just how valuable first
aid/cpr skills are.
The First Aider
First Aid is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury and is a life-skill that everyone should have.
First Aid is the initial care provided by laypeople/passersby in the absence of medical or emergency
personnel. The aim of First Aid is two-fold:

Preserve Prevent
life harm

You may have volunteered to be, or you may have been asked to be, or you may have been told that you
are, your workplaces First Aider and are now going to attend a course to learn or update your first aid
skills. Alternatively you may have simply decided that you would like to learn some basic First Aid skills for
your own personal use. Either way, when you complete this course, you will be a First Aider. So what
does this mean?

Being a First Aider can mean a number of different things. In its most basic definition, a First Aider is
simply someone who is trained in First Aid. But lets stop for a minute and consider what this really means.
What have you volunteered/been volunteered for?

As a First Aider you are saying I will step forward and offer help to this person and are
taking on some responsibility for providing the appropriate care for the injured or ill person.
You may be seen as the go to person for all injuries at your workplace. People may come
to you and ask about the injury they got in their weekend sport. They may place
expectations on you to do the right thing or maybe even to save a life.

Being a First Aider is not for everyone. Not everybody is comfortable being that person who
is prepared to step forward and provide First Aid, but it is also a very rewarding thing to be
able to do, should the need arise.

As a first aider here are some things you might want to consider:

Am I familiar with all

Who knows I
the hazards on the
am a first aider?
worksite?

What happens when

Im not there? Do I need further
Advanced First Aid
training?
Workplace First Aid
Every year thousands of people are injured or fall sick at work some seriously. A quick First Aid response
can mean the difference between life and death, or can reduce the severity of the injury. First Aid can also
help protect businesses, by reducing the impact an accident can have on productivity and the cost of
employees taking leave.

There is also a legal requirement for workplaces to take all practicable steps to provide first aid facilities
under the Health and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995, and to have procedures for dealing with
emergencies under the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 (HSE Act).

The Department of Labour has produced an excellent

resource called First Aid for Workplaces A Good
Practice Guide which helps identify what first aid is
needed in individual workplaces. It was developed
following consultation from a wide range of industry experts.

If you are responsible for Health and Safety in your workplace or are a designated First Aider, we strongly
recommend you download a copy of this excellent resource from here:
http://www.business.govt.nz/healthandsafetygroup/information-guidance/all-guidance-items/first-aid-for-
workplaces-a-good-practice-guide

It includes excellent information on all aspects of Workplace First Aid, including:

Workplace First Aid needs assessment

First Aid equipment
Accident reporting
First Aid training
First Aid and the Law
Where Do I Start?
Do the best you can with what youve got

Our first key what to do message is simply to do the best you can with what youve got. After all, doing
something is better than doing nothing! Besides, youre not training to be a paramedic or a nurse, and while
it might be useful to spend hours learning how to wrap bandages and tie slings, the most likely scenario is
that youre not going to have a well stocked First Aid Kit there with you, so you simply need to make do.

With that approach in mind our practical training is simply about learning some practical skills to help you do
the best you can with what youve got.

As the great lateral thinker Edward de Bono says "Complexity creates confusion, simplicity focus.

Another key starting point is being aware of the Chain of Survival. This is a sequence of interventions
that when implemented in order and with as little delay as possible, will give the best chance of surviving a
life threatening situation.

The five links in the Chain of Survival are:

Early recognition of first aid emergency

Early access (by calling 111 or activating the on-site Emergency Response System)

Early CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

A strong Chain of Survival can improve
Early defibrillation chances of survival and recovery for
victims of heart attack, stroke and other
Early advanced life care life threatening emergencies.
Where Do I Start?
DRSABCD
DRSABCD or Doctors ABCD is a simple easily remembered prompt to help you to keep safe and provide the
right care until the experts arrive and can take over.

= Dangers
= Response
= Send for help
= Airway
= Breathing?

No! Yes!

= CPR = Check injuries

= Defib = Doctor

You will be learning how to

implement the DRSABCD
during your course.
Where Do I Start?
CPR - 30:2 no matter who
CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is just a fancy
way of saying push on the chest and blow in the mouth! Our key
What to do message is simply 30:2 no matter who.

The 30:2 part refers to the ratio of chest compressions to breaths. 30

chest compressions followed by 2 breaths, repeated for cycle after
cycle until emergency services arrive.

The no matter who part means that it doesnt matter the age, sex,
race, size or whatever of the person in need of CPR. The ratio is
always 30:2 no matter who!

On your course youll get plenty of instruction and opportunity to

practice and perform CPR on manikins covering three different age
groups.

Our Health Consultants clean and sterilise their equipment to the NZRC Guidelines after EVERY training
session, and you will be given your own mouth to use so you are not sharing any equipment with other
course participants.

General Cares + 1
General Cares are the routine actions you must consider for every ill or injured person and are provided
throughout your management of them, from the very beginning right through until emergency personnel
arrive.

The general cares are:

Protect the casualty
Reassure the casualty
Rest the casualty in a position of comfort
Remain with the casualty
Remove or loosen any restrictive clothing
Temperature warm or cool as needed

The plus one aspect of this What to do message is the one key treatment you need to provide for a
specific injury. For example, the key treatment for bleeding is pressure. When providing First Aid to the
bleeding casualty, you need to provide general cares plus pressure. Likewise for a victim who has been
burnt the First Aid treatment is general cares plus cool water.

Once again, you will be hearing a lot more about General Cares + 1 throughout the day of your course!

We consider these four things Do the best you can with what youve got, DRSABCD, 30:2 no
matter who and General Cares + 1 to be our key take home messages. In a week or a month or a
years time if you remember nothing else but these few things, we are confident that you will be able to
provide effective First Aid until the arrival of emergency personnel who can take over.
Activities
Here are some simple activities you can explore prior to attending your practical course:

Activity 1: Calling 111

What happens when you call 111? All 111 calls are answered by Spark (formerly Telecom) in the first
instance. Of the 2 million-plus 111 calls Spark receives every year, around 52% are genuine, and 60% of
these calls are for the Police. Around 48% of 111 calls are non-genuine emergency calls including
accidental misdials, hang-ups, children playing with the phone and cellphones being bumped in pockets.

To find out more about Sparks role in the 111 system visit:

http://help.spark.co.nz/app/answers/detail/a_id/2081/~/sparks-part-in-providing-111-services

If you have internet access visit the following website:

http://www.police.govt.nz/contact-us/calling-
emergency-111

Read the following sections:

What happens when you make a 111 call.

What youll be asked when you call 111

If you do NOT have internet access, you may like to read through the following information taken
from this website:

Ambulance Communications Centres receive more than 300,000 emergency 111 calls a year. This equates
to an average of around 5,800 per week.

In addition, the Ambulance Communications Centres handle calls from GPs and medical alarm monitoring
companies for emergency ambulances, calls from ambulance crews, requests for hospital transfers and
requests for private ambulances. This takes the total volume of calls received each year to 1.1 million or
around 21,200 a week.

New Zealands three Ambulance Communications Centres dispatch the countrys fleet of more than 600
ambulances, 250 rural doctors and nurses (under the PRIME programme), more than 40 emergency
helicopters, Coastguard and other modes of response. They also coordinate patient transfer services for
district health boards.

111 is the number for emergencies. That's when any of these things is happening now or has just
happened:

there's a fire or chemical spill;

someone is having breathing difficulties, is seriously ill or injured;
someone is in danger;
theres a serious risk to life or property;
a crime is being committed and the offenders are still there or have just left;
youve come across a major public inconvenience, like trees blocking a state highway.
Activities
WHAT TO EXPECT WHEN YOU CALL 111

1. When the 111 operator answers, ask to speak to 'ambulance'.

2. When you are connected to the Ambulance Communication Centres we will ask a series of questions. The first
question they will ask is for your address. Include business name (if applicable), apartment/unit name (if
applicable) and number.

3. The second question is your telephone number. Provide your number and your extension (if you are at work).

4. They will then say OK, tell me exactly what happened.

These questions do not delay the response of an ambulance; they are necessary in order to arrange the correct care
for the patient.

5. Once we have the address and telephone details our operator will then ask specific questions about the medical
emergency. Possible questions include the following:

Are you with the patient

How old is the patient
Is this a male or female
Are they awake
Are they breathing

6. Once all the above information has been gathered you will be provided with immediate first aid instructions to assist
the patient. If necessary our operator will remain on the line to give you support and further instructions until the
ambulance arrives. During this time you may be asked some additional questions to provide the ambulance crew
with as much information as possible

PLEASE DONT HANG UP UNTIL THE OPERATOR SAYS YOU CAN.

Staying Alive!
= Defibrillator
An AED or Automated External Defibrillator is an extremely safe device that delivers a controlled electric
shock to reset the hearts electrical system. The shock is delivered when the casualtys heart is in
fibrillation, usually as a result of a heart attack, electrical shock or trauma.

At your upcoming course you will have the

opportunity to use an AED Trainer. These operate
exactly as an AED, except they wont actually
deliver a shock! The training model we use to
demonstrate is a CR Plus.

ACTIVITY 2: You can see an AED being used on

these You Tube Videos:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3EBV-pk2Ds
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuSmEsV1cwI

You may be surprised just how many AEDs there are now out there in the community. To see how many
are close to your workplace or home visit www.aedlocations.co.nz

AED Locations is a community-orientated

volunteer project designed to make people
aware of how many AEDs (automated
external defibrillators) there are in New
Zealand.

AED Locations aims to increase awareness

by offering a website where individuals can
locate the defibrillators in their local area,
and by providing signage for display at
these sites.

Through this site you can also add the

location of an AED if you know of one that
is not listed, plus there is an excellent free
App for either an iPhone or Android phone
that is very handy to have if you travel a lot.
First Aid Conditions
Activity 3: Common First Aid Conditions
During your practical course the Health Consultant will cover a number of common conditions for which
simple First Aid is very appropriate. The following information and websites will provide you with a bit more
background information on some of the topics covered prior to attending the course:

Chest Pain:
Cardiovascular disease (heart, stroke and blood
vessel disease) is still the leading cause of
death in New Zealand, accounting for 40% of
deaths annually.
Every 90 minutes a New Zealander dies from
coronary heart disease (16 deaths a day).
Obesity is a risk factor for a number of diseases
including coronary heart disease, stroke,
diabetes, high blood pressure, osteoarthritis and
some cancers.
One in twenty adults have been diagnosed with
coronary heart disease.
Approximately half of all New Zealanders are
obese or overweight.
One in five New Zealanders older than 15
smoke.
It is estimated that 12 people a day die from
smoking.

For more information go to: www.heartfoundation.org.nz

Stroke is the third largest killer in New Zealand. Every

day about 21 New Zealanders have a stroke.
Stroke is the major cause of adult disability in New
Zealand. There are an estimated 45,000 stroke
survivors in New Zealand. Many are disabled and need
significant daily support.
High blood pressure is a major cause of strokes.
Myth: Stroke cant be prevented, theres nothing you can do
about it
Fact: Stroke is largely preventable. Early detection and
effective control of stroke risk factors can greatly
reduce the possibility of stroke.
Myth: Stroke hits without warning.
Fact: Mini-strokes can happen prior to a stroke. These
signs of stroke disappear within minutes or hours, but
should be seen as a clear warning that a more severe
stroke might follow. Early medical attention and
treatment can prevent this.
Myth: Stroke only affects older people.
Fact: Stroke affects all ages. 40 strokes a year in New
Zealand are suffered by children. Nearly 2000 (a quarter
of all strokes) will be suffered by people under
retirement age.
Sourced from www.stroke.org.nz
First Aid Conditions
Poisoning:

The New Zealand National Poisons Centre (NPC) is a 24 hours a day, 7

days a week Poisons Information Service available to all New
Zealanders. The NPC can be contacted on 0800 POISON or
www.poisons.co.nz if you have internet access.

Provided by the Ministry of Health and ACC, the NPC maintains an

accurate and up-to-date database of almost all poisonous substances in
NZ and Australia, and provides professional and timely advice during
poisoning incidents.

If you are dealing with a poisoning incident, you should contact 0800
POISON immediately, or call 111 and they will put the call through.

Web Activity 1: Go to www.poison.co.nz and place your

curser over the tab that says NZ POISONS CENTRE
INFO and follow the links that appear to learn a little
more about the centre and what they do.

Web Activity 2: Once youve familiarized yourself with

the NZ Poisons Centre, click on the tab labelled FIRST
AID and follow the links to learn a little about First Aid
for various poisons.

Feel free to look through the rest of this website if you

are interested to do so. There are great pamphlets that
can be downloaded, reports that can be read, and even
a Kids! area where you children can do some fun
activities while learning about poisons and safety.

If you do not have internet access, as an introduction to Poisons, the main thing to remember with any
poisoning is Seek Advice and do not make someone vomit unless you have been told to do so by 111 or
the Poisons Centre as sometimes the poison can do more harm on the way up than it did on the way down.
Once again this will be covered in a lot more detail during the training.

Severe Allergic Reactions:

Individuals who have severe allergies should have an Anaphylaxis Management Plan signed by their
allergy specialist, paediatrician or GP. This outlines mild, moderate and severe symptoms and exactly what
to do when each of these develop. You can download a copy from the Australasian Society of Clinical
Immunology and Allergy website www.allergy.org.au Have this available for family and friends put it on
the bulletin board at home; carry one in your pocket. If a child is the person at risk, make sure his or her
teachers and friends parents have a copy - along with the adrenaline. Make sure everyone knows where
the adrenaline is when you go out, or when you are at home. (From www.allergy.org.nz)

Here are some other interesting websites where you will find useful information on some of the conditions
that will be covered in your course:

Seizures: www.epilepsy.org.nz
Asthma: www.asthmafoundation.org.nz
Burns: www.burns.org.nz
Weblinks

Feel free to take some time to browse around any of the following websites before attending your course.

www.cpr.co.nz
This is Life Care Consultants own website and includes some useful information related to our First Aid
courses.

www.nzrc.org.nz
This is the website for the New Zealand Resuscitation Council. The most recent guidelines on resuscitation
and CPR can be downloaded here.

www.healthline.co.nz
Healthline is New Zealand's national 24-hour triaged telephone health advice service. It is a free telephone
health information service for all the family. The service is staffed by registered nurses who will assess
your health needs, and give information and advice to help you decide on the best level of care. All calls are
answered by registered nurses with telenursing training and working within the Nursing Council's
Professional Standards for Telenursing Practice. Healthline 0800 611 116

A final word and exercise before your course

All of Life Cares facilitators are tertiary qualified with either a health or education qualification. Each of them
also bring many years of experience that brings First Aid to life for all course participants. Life Care staff
also attend both national and international resuscitation conferences to ensure we can educate you in the
most effective manner with the most up to date studies, trends and evidence and we guarantee our
information is current best practice and is fully aligned to the New Zealand Resuscitation Councils current
guidelines and NZQAs First Aid as a Life Skill criteria.

We also appreciate that you will bring your own knowledge with you to the course which you have acquired
through many work and life experiences and through the media, and we encourage you to share your own
stories and experiences when you attend your course.

In order to meet the requirements to be issued the NZQA unit standards and to help us get a better
appreciation of your own knowledge, you now need to complete the following Review of this Resource Pack
and bring it with you to your course.

We are really looking forward to working with you to expand your knowledge and confidence to help you
gain your qualification and give you skills to help your whanau, work mate, friend or anyone in need.
Resource Pack Review
In order to meet the NZQA requirements for the minimum hours of training for the award of the unit standards in
First Aid you must present this completed Resource Pack review to your course facilitator.

I hereby attest that I have completed the Resource Pack as required prior to attending my First Aid Course.

NAME: ____________________________________________________________________________

SIGNED: ____________________________________________________________________________

Answer TRUE or FALSE to each of the following statements.

STATEMENT T or F

The aim of First Aid is to preserve life and prevent harm

Attending a First Aid course is part of the Chain of Survival

Early CPR is a key link of the Chain of Survival

In any First Aid emergency situation the first priority is to send for help

In the DRSABCD, the A means Ambulance

CPR should be performed at a ratio of 100:5

If a casualty is responsive, there is no need to call an ambulance

Rest the casualty in a position of comfort is one of the General Cares

Always check for a pulse is another of the General Cares

123 is the emergency number in New Zealand

What is your phone number is one of the questions you will be asked by a 111
operator
When making a 111 call you should not hang up until the operator tells you to

The letters AED stand for Ambulance Emergency Device

Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death in New Zealand

One in 10 adults have been diagnosed with coronary heart disease

Stroke is the largest killer in New Zealand

Stroke cannot be prevented

Stroke affects all ages

The NZ Poisons Centre is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

People who have severe allergies should have an Anaphylaxis Management Plan

Thank you for completing this review sheet.

Be sure to bring it with you to your course!