conditioned deficiency may cause loss of

Jnass and adipose tissue, resulting in energy or

protein calorie malnutrition rPCM). The primary The spectrum of clinical syndromes produced as a
result of PEM includes the following:
deficiency is more t due to socioeconomic
1. Kwashiorkor which is related to protein deficiency
factors limiting mtity and quality of dietary
though calorie intake may be sufficient. Z Marasmus is
intake, irticularly prevalent in the developing
starvation in infants occurring due to overall lack of
count-es of Africa, Asia and South America. The
calories.
npact of deficiency is marked in infants and
The salient features of the two conditions are
uldren. contrasted in Table 8.3. However, it must be remembered
that mixed forms of kwashior-kor-marasmus syndrome
Contrasting Feature may also occur.
m'RE KWASHIORKOR_________________MARASMUS
i Protein deficiency
with sufficient calorie Starvation in infants with
intake
overall lack of calories
imtures
Common in infants under
O
c 1 year of age
c
u
Growth failure
r
s Wasting of all tissues
including muscles and
adipose tissues
i
n Oedema absent
No hepatic enlargement
c Serum proteins low
h Anaemia present
i Monkey-like face,
l protuberant abdomen, thin
d limbs
r
e
n No fatty liver
Atrophy of different
b tissues and organs
e including
t subcutaneous fat
w
e
n

m
o
n
t
h
s

a
n
d

y
e
a
r
s

o
f

a
g
e
Growth failure
Wasting of muscles
but preserved
adipose tissues
Oedema, localised or
generalised, present
Enlarged fatty liver
Serum proteins low
Anaemia present
'Flag sign'alternate
bands of light
(depigmented) and
dark (pigmented) hair
:o(y Enlarged fatty liver
Atrophy of
different tissues
and organs but
subcutaneous
fat preserved