MAN DIESEL & TURBO

TrainMos II.
Madrid-November-2.015
LNG and New Fuels for the Maritime Industry. Is the Technology Ready?

Fernando Marcos
+34 670 416 409
Fernando.Marcos@man.eu

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 1 >
Disclaimer

All data provided in this document is non-binding.

This data serves informational purposes only and is especially
not guaranteed in any way. Depending on the subsequent
specific individual projects, the relevant data may be subject
to changes and will be assessed and determined individually
for each project. This will depend on the particular
characteristics of each individual project, especially specific
site and operational conditions.

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 2 >
 Regulation
Wording 66th MEPC session, London 2014

ECAs since 04/2014: US Coast:

The amendments provide for the Tier

III NOx standards to be applied [] on
a ship constructed on or after 1
January 2016 and which operates in
the North American Emission
Control Area or the U.S. Caribbean
Sea []

N-ECA 2016
Possible ECAs (Baltic Sea, North Sea, Japan Coast) Possible N-ECA before 2021

the Tier III requirements would apply [] when operated in other emission control areas which might be
designated in the future for Tier III NOx control. Tier III would apply to ships constructed on or after
the date of adoption [], or a later date as may be specified in the amendment designating the NOx Tier
III emission control area.
yachts (ships used solely for recreational purposes) of less than 500 gt constructed before 1 January
2021 do not need to comply with Tier III requirement, yachts of less than 24m no Tier III even after
that date.
Source: 66th MEPC session, 31 March to 4 April 2014, London
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 3 >
Regulation
Differences between SOx & NOx ECA

SOx-ECA NOx-ECA

Augsburg Augsburg

S-ECA N-ECA 2016

Possible S-ECA Possible N-ECA bevor 2021

Tier III Nox ECAs after 01/2016 (keel laying)

US Coast + Caribbean Sea

Possible ECAs migth be designated in the future

(Baltic Sea, North Sea, Japan Coast)

Source: 66th MEPC session, 31 March to 4 April 2014, London

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 4 >
Regulation
Values and enforcement dates: NOx SOx - CO2 (Efficiency)

5
Sulphur /%
4
S-ECA S-Global

3
All vessels (old and new)
2
1
0

NOx / [g/kWh]
Tier I
N-Global N-ECA

EEDI CO2 (g/t.nm) Global

Tier II
Only newbuildings Only US/Caribbean

Tier III

and local regulations. ie: SOx emissions in European ports.

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 5 >
Industry drivers
Efficiency & Environment

Industry Drivers
Efficiency Environment

Strategy
Prime Propulsion
Abatement Fuels
Movers Systems
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 6 >
Industry drivers
Efficiency & Environment

Industry Drivers
Efficiency Environment

Strategy
Prime Propulsion
Abatement Fuels
Movers Systems
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 7 >
Efficiency is king
Propulsion efficiency enhancers

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 8 >
Industry drivers
Efficiency & Environment

Industry Drivers
Efficiency Environment

Strategy
Prime Propulsion
Abatement Fuels
Movers Systems
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 9 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
4-Stroke Tier III

MDT 4-stroke

Conventional LNG - DF
Tier III on gas
SCR
SCR
Tier III
Tier III (Gas & Fuel)
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 10 >
MAN SCR System
Chemistry Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 11 >
MAN SCR-System
Typical Layout

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 12 >
 MAN SCR-System
From 430 kW up to 21.600 kW

Standardized Compact & SaCoSone Full IMO Tier III

SCR packages flexible design Control before 2016

from 430 21.000 kW Backpressure 15-20 mbar Engine and SCR According to IMO Tier III
controlled by Sacos NOx-Limits
Texh, urea dosing, NOx-out

430 kW 21,600 kW

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 13 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
4-Stroke Tier III

MDT 4-stroke

Conventional LNG - DF
Tier III on gas
SCR
SCR
Tier III
Tier III (Gas & Fuel)
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 14 >
 Four Stroke Dual Fuel
Combustion process

Diesel cycle (HFO, MGO, MDO)

Gas mode with homogeneous and
lean mixture (LNG, MN>70)
Cylinder selective admission with
optimal gas mixing pipe within the
inlet port
Pilot injection valve for ignition

Liquid mode: >99% (Main Fuel)

<1% (Pilot Fuel, DMA)
Gas mode: >99% (Natural Gas)
<1% (Pilot Fuel, DMA)

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 15 >
Four Stroke Dual Fuel
Engines Portfolio

L+V 51/60DF L 35/44DF L 28/32DF L 23/30DF

6,7,8,9,12,14, 6,7,8,9,10 cyl. 5,6,7,8,9 cyl. 5,6,7,8 cyl.
16,18 cyl. Main & Aux. Aux. Engine Aux. Engine
Main & Aux. Engine From 1 MW to From 0,6 MW
Engine From 3,1 MW 1,8 MW to 1,2 MW
From 6 MW to to 5,3 MW
18 MW

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 16 >
 DeNOx & DeSOx Reduction Technologies
4-Stroke Tier III

MDT 4-stroke

LNG-DF 4-Stroke (HSF) 4-Stroke (LSF)

Tier III on gas

SCR SCR
SCR
Tier III
Tier III SCRUBBER
(gas & Fuel)
Tier III
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 17 >
 SOx Reduction Technologies
Wet Scrubber Open loop Closed loop - Hybrid

Wet scrubber Open Loop Wet Scrubber Closed Loop Wet Scrubber Hybrid System

SOx-Reduction by sea water
Reduction rate over 98%
No auxilliary materials needed
No water cleaning, just monitoring
required
SOx-Reduction by fresh water and Combination of open and closed
caustic soda system
Reduction rate over 99% Running on sea water when possible
(lowest costs)
No discharge of poluted water
No waste water discharge whenever
required
Ability to cope with low alkalinity water

Maximum flexibility

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 18 >
SOx Reduction Technologies
Wet Scrubber influencing factors

Influencing factors for SOx reduction:

Water temperature

Partial pressure SO2

Alkalinity

Salinity

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 19 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
2-Stroke Tier III

MDT 2-stroke
LNG or LPG or HFO/MDO/MGO
DF - ME-GI/ME-LGI ME

SCR SCR
EGR EGR
(HP or LP) (HP or LP)

Tier III (Gas & Fuel) Tier III

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 20 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
2-Stroke Tier III EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 21 >
 EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
From cars to ships.

MAN Two Stroke Engine with EGR

EGR is a standard in the car industry

since 2.006 (Audi, Mercedes, Volvo, MAN,
etc.)

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 22 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
2-Stroke Tier III

EGR SCR
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Selective Catalytic Reduction
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 23 >
DeNOx Reduction Technologies
2-Stroke Tier III

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 24 >
DeNOx & DeSOx Reduction Technologies
2-Stroke Tier III

MDT 2-stroke
LNG or LPG or
DF - ME-GI/ME-LGI
ME (HSF) ME (LSF)

SCR SCR SCR

EGR EGR EGR
(HP or LP) (HP or LP) (HP or LP)

Tier III (Gas & Fuel) Tier III

SCRUBBER

Tier III
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 25 >
Industry drivers
Efficiency & Environment

Industry Drivers
Efficiency Environment

Strategy
Engines Abatement Fuels Other
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 26 >
 Alternative Fuels
Why to consider an alternative fuel

Meeting SOx requirements.

Price.
Price expectations.
Logistics and bunkering.
Cheaper in CAPEX when compared with scrubbers.
Easy to retrofit.
When fuel can be taken from cargo tanks.

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 27 >
 Alternative Fuels
Alternative fuels are taking of.

Fuel LNG LPG* Methanol Ethanol DME Ethane Diesel

Liquid density (kg/m3) 430-470 455-550 796 794 670 447 860
Lower heating value (MJ/kg) 49.2 46 19.9 27 28.7 47 43
Boiling temperature(C at 1bar) -162 -43-(-1) 65 78 -24.9 -89.0 180-360

Vapour pressure (bar at 20C) NA 8.5-2.2 0.13 0.059 5.3 38.3 <1

Critical temperature (C) -82.6 97-152 239.4 241 127 32.2 435

Kinematic viscosity (cSt at 20C) NA 0.17-0.24 0.74 1.2 0.2 NA 2.5-3.0

Bulk modulus
NA 1700-3600 8200 9000 5500 NA 15500
(bar at 50C and PSupply)
Engine type ME-GI ME-LGI ME-LGI ME-LGI ME-LGI ME-GI ME-C/B

* LPG is a mixture of primarily propane (left) and butane (right).

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 28 >
 Alternative Fuels
CO2 Emissions Reduction

Effective reduction of CO2

Effective reduction of GHG only provided that there is
no methane/propane/butane slip
(Global Warming Potential (GWP100) of Methane is 34 times higher than CO2 )

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 29 >
 Emissions Reduction
Alternative fuels & available technology

Fuel Type MAN Engines SOx NOx NOx - Tier III GHG (*)
Methane Slip

Yes on Gas
MAN DF Four Stroke Otto Cycle Yes on fuel + SCR
Methane-CH4 (LNG/NG)
ME-GI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle
Ethane-C2H6 (LEG) ME-GI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle Yes on Gas & Fuel + EGR
Yes on Gas & Fuel + SCR
Propane-C3H8 (LPG) ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle
Butane-C4H10 (LPG) ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle
Methanol-CH3OH (MeOH) ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle Possible without SCR or
EGR
Ethanol-C2H5OH ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle
DME ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle Yes on Gas & Fuel + EGR
Yes on Gas & Fuel + SCR
Petrol/Gasoline-C8H18 ME-LGI Two Stroke Diesel Cycle =
Biofuel MAN Four Stroke Conventional = Yes with SCR

Yes with SCR

Low sulphur-(0,1%S) MAN Two Stroke Conventional = Yes with EGR

(*) GHG: Green House Gases. Methane Slip. (Unburned methane or gas released in the exhaust gases)

Risk of formaldehydes emission in case of Otto Cicle (Catalyst Rector is needed)

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 30 >
Alternative Fuels
Engine Thermodynamic Cycle Matters

Mr. Diesels Process Mr. Ottos Process

Diesel process maintained Otto process gas-air pre-mix
Power remain the same Power reduction needed
Load response unchanged Load ramp needed
No sensitive to high ambient Temp. Sensitive to high ambient Temp
No sensitive to methane number Sensitive to methane number
No pre-ignition / no knocking / no misfiring risk Pre-ignition / knocking risk / misfiring risk
Insensitive to gas mixture Gas mixture important
Negligible methane slip Methane slip significant

ME-GI is a Two-stroke Diesel Engine

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 31 >
The Worlds first ME-GI Container Vessel Fuels
Launching at NASSCO, USA, April 2015

Order details
No. of ships: 2 + 3 options
No. of engines: 2+3
Ship type: Container
Capacity: 3100 Teu
Engine type: 8L70ME-C8.2-GI
GenSets: 3 x 9L28/32DF
Builder: Doosan
Yard: NASSCO
Owner: TOTE Maritime
Fuel type: HFO, MGO, NG

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 32 >
 LNG - ME-GI References
Container Vessels RoRo Car Carriers

Container Vessels ConRo PCTC: 10 + 8 (optional) vessels

TOTE MARITIME MATSON NAVIGATION CROWLEY

2 + 3 x 3.100 teu Container Ship 2 + 3 x 3.600 teu Container Ship 2 x ConRo 2.400 teu

BRODOSPLIT WALLENIUS & NYK

2 + 2 x 1.431 teu Container Ship 2 x LNG PCTC

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 33 >
The Worlds First ME-LGI Methanol Engine
Shop Test at Mitsui, Japan, June 2015

Order details
No. of ships: 2 + 1 options
No. of engines: 2+1
Ship type: Methanol carrier
Capacity: 50,000 dwt
Engine type: 7S50ME-B9.3L-GI
Builder: Mitsui
Yard: MNS
Engine delivery year: 2015
Fuel type: HFO, MGO, Methanol
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 34 >
ME-LGI Results from delivery test
7S50ME-B9.3-LGI - Mitsui, May 2015

Combustion performance :
Emission
Efficiency

3 Methanol engines are delivered

by Mitsui

4 Methanol engines from HHI-EMD

is on the way

Tier III fulfillment potential

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 35 >
 ME-GI-Ethane Order
3 x 36K cbm. LEG Carrier for Hartmann

Hartmann Reederei
Sinopacific Shipyard
3 x 36K cbm. LEG Carrier
TIER II
7G50ME-C9-GI-Ethane (MES)
400 bar injection pressure
Alpha CPP with Kappel design
Shaft Alternator System
Delivery: 2015/16

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 36 >
Glossary

DF DualFuel
ECA Emission ControlArea
EEDI EnergyEfficiency Design Index
EGR Exhaust GasRecirculation
GME MANDiesel&TurbotwostrokeGtype(Green)engine,elecronic controlled(ME)
HFO HeavyFuelOil
HSF High Sulphur Fuel
Kappel MANDiesel&Turbopropietary designofhighlyefficientpropeller
LNG Liquefied NaturalGas
LSF LowSulphur Fuel
MCR MaximumContinuousRating
MDO MarineDieselOil
MDT MANDiesel&Turbo
ME MANDiesel&Turbotwostrokeengineelecronic controlled(ME)
MEGI MANDiesel&TurboDualFueltwostrokeengineGasInjection(GI)
MELGI MANDiesel&TurboDualFueltwo stroke engine Liquid GasInjection (LGI)
MGO MarineGasOil
MN Methane Number
NECA NOx Emission ControlArea
PBCF Propeller Boss Cap Fin
SaCoS MANDiesel&Turbopropietary engineSafetyandContol System
SCR Slective Catalitic Reactor
SCRHP Slective Catalitic ReactorHighPressure
SCRLP Slective Catalitic ReactorLowPressure
SECA SOx Emission ControlArea

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 37 >
Do you have any questions?

Fernando Marcos
MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U.
Fernando.Marcos@man.eu
+34 670 416 409

MAN Diesel & Turbo Espaa S.A.U. Fernando Marcos TrainMos II Nov. 2.015 < 38 >