Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response

1/11/2017 Autonomous sensory meridian response - Wikipedia
Autonomous sensory meridian response

Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is a term used for
an experience characterized by a static-like or tingling sensation on the
skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck
and upper spine. It has been compared with auditory-tactile
synesthesia.[1][2] ASMR signifies the subjective experience of "low-grade
euphoria" characterised by "a combination of positive feelings and a
distinct static-like tingling sensation on the skin". It is most commonly
triggered by specific acoustic, visual and digital media stimuli, and less
commonly by intentional attentional control.[3][4]
An illustration of the route of
ASMR's tingling sensation
Contents
1 Name
2 Sensation and triggers
2.1 Sensation
2.2 Triggers
2.2.1 Whispering triggers
2.2.2 Acoustic triggers
2.2.3 Personal attention role play triggers A video made to trigger ASMR
2.2.4 Clinical role play triggers
3 Background and history

3.1 Contemporary history
3.2 Earlier history
3.3 Evolutionary history
4 Categories
5 Media
5.1 Videos
5.2 Binaural recording
6 Clinical implications
7 Academic commentary
7.1 Peer-reviewed articles
8 Scientific commentary
9 Comparisons and associations with other phenomena
9.1 Comparison with synesthesia
9.2 Comparison with misophonia
9.3 Comparison with frisson
9.4 Association with sexuality
10 In pop culture
10.1 Contemporary art
10.2 Digital arts
10.3 Music
10.4 Film
10.5 Fictional and creative literature
10.6 Non-fiction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_sensory_meridian_response 1/16
11 Statistics
12 See also
13 References
14 External links
Name
The term "autonomous sensory meridian response" was coined on 25 February 2010 by Jennifer Allen, a cybersecurity
professional residing in New York[5] in the introduction to a Facebook Group she founded entitled the ASMR Group.[6]
Prior to the subsequent social consensus that led to what is now the ubiquitous adoption of that term, other names
were proposed and discussed at a number of locations including the Steady Health forum, the Society of
Sensationalists Yahoo! Group and the Unnamed Feeling Blog.
Proposed formal names included "Attention Induced Head Orgasm", "Attention Induced Euphoria" and "Attention
Induced Observant Euphoria", whilst colloquial terms in usage included "brain massage", "head tingle", "brain tingle",
"spine tingle" and "brain orgasm".[7][8][9][10][11][12]
Whilst many colloquial and formal terms used and proposed between 2007 and 2010 included reference to orgasm,
there was during that time a significant majority objection to its use among those active in online discussions, many of
whom have continued to persist in differentiating the euphoric and relaxing nature of ASMR from sexual arousal.[13]
However, by 2015, a division had occurred within the ASMR community over the subject of sexual arousal, with some
creating videos categorized as ASMRotica (ASMR erotica), which are deliberately designed to be sexually
stimulating.[14][15]
The initial consensus among the ASMR Community was that the name should not pose a high risk of the phenomenon
being perceived as sexual. Given that consensus, Allen proposed "autonomous sensory meridian response". Allen
chose the words intending or assuming them to have the following specific meanings:[16]
Autonomous spontaneous, self-governing, within or without control

Sensory pertaining to the senses or sensation
Meridian signifying a peak, climax, or point of highest development
Response referring to an experience triggered by something external or internal
Allen verified in a 2016 interview that she purposely selected these terms because they were more objective,
comfortable, and clinical than alternative terms for the sensation.[17] Allen explained she selected the word meridian
to replace the word orgasm due to its meaning of point or period of greatest prosperity.
The term "autonomous sensory meridian response" and its initialism ASMR were adopted by both the community of
contributors to online discussions and those reporting and commentating on the phenomenon.
Sensation and triggers
Sensation
The subjective experience, sensation, and perceptual phenomenon now widely identified by the term 'autonomous
sensory meridian response' is described by some of those susceptible to it as 'akin to a mild electrical currentor the
carbonated bubbles in a glass of champagne'.[18]
Triggers
ASMR is usually precipitated by stimuli referred to as 'triggers'.[18] ASMR triggers, which are most commonly acoustic
and visual, may be encountered through the interpersonal interactions of daily life. Additionally, ASMR is often
triggered by exposure to specific audio and video. Such media may be especially made with the specific purpose of
triggering ASMR, or originally created for other purposes and later discovered to be effective as a trigger of the
experience.[3]
Stimuli that can trigger ASMR, as reported by those who experience it, include the following:
Listening to a softly spoken or whispering voice

Listening to quiet, repetitive sounds resulting from someone engaging in a mundane task such as turning the
pages of a book
Watching somebody attentively execute a mundane task such as preparing food
Receiving altruistic tender personal attention
Initiating the stimulus through conscious manipulation without the need for external video or audio triggers
Furthermore, watching and listening to an audiovisual recording of a person performing or simulating the above
actions and producing their consequent and accompanying sounds is sufficient to trigger ASMR for the majority of
those who report susceptibility to the experience.[19][20][21][22]
Whispering triggers
Psychologists Nick Davis and Emma Barrat discovered that whispering was an effective trigger for 75% of the 475
subjects who took part in an experiment to investigate the nature of ASMR;[3] and that statistic is reflected in the
popularity of intentional ASMR videos that comprise someone speaking in a whispered voice.[23][24][25]
Acoustic triggers
Many of those who experience ASMR report that some specific non-vocal ambient noises are also effective triggers of
ASMR, including those produced by fingers scratching or tapping a surface, the crushing of eggshells, the crinkling
and crumpling of a flexible material such as paper, writing, or a person eating. Many YouTube videos that are intended
to trigger ASMR responses capture a single person performing these actions and the sounds that result.[26][27]
Personal attention role play triggers

In addition to the effectiveness of specific acoustic stimuli, many subjects report that ASMR is triggered by the receipt
of tender personal attention, often comprising combined physical touch and vocal expression, such as when having
their hair cut, nails painted, ears cleaned, or back massaged, whilst the service provider speaks quietly to the recipient.
Furthermore, many of those who have experienced ASMR during these and other comparable encounters with a
service provider report that watching an 'ASMRtist' simulate the provision of such personal attention, acting directly
to camera as if the viewer were the recipient of a simulated service, is sufficient to trigger it.[4][28][29]
Psychologists Nick Davis and Emma Barrat discovered that personal attention was an effective trigger for 69% of the
475 subjects who participated in a study conducted at Swansea University, second in popularity only to whispering.[3]
Clinical role play triggers

Among the category of intentional ASMR videos that simulate the provision of personal attention is a subcategory of
those specifically depicting the 'ASMRtist' providing clinical or medical services, including routine general medical
examinations. The creators of these videos make no claims to the reality of what is depicted, and the viewer is intended
to be aware that they are watching and listening to a simulation, performed by an actor. Nonetheless, many subjects
attribute therapeutic outcomes to these and other categories of intentional ASMR videos, and there are voluminous
anecdotal reports of their effectiveness in inducing sleep for those susceptible to insomnia, and assuaging a range of
symptoms including those associated with depression, anxiety, and panic attacks.[30][31][32]
In the first peer-reviewed article on ASMR, published in Perspectives in Biology during the summer of 2013, Nitin
Ahuja, who was at the time of publication a medical student at the University of Virginia, invited conjecture on
whether the receipt of simulated medical attention might have some tangible therapeutic value for the recipient,
comparing the purported positive outcome of clinical role play ASMR videos with the themes of the novel Love in the
Ruins by author and physician Walker Percy, published in 1971.[4]
The story follows Tom More, a psychiatrist living in a dystopian future who develops a device called the Ontological
Lapsometer that, when traced across the scalp of a patient, detects the neurochemical correlation to a range of
disturbances. In the course of the novel, More admits that the 'mere application of his device' to a patient's body
'results in the partial relief of his symptoms'.[33]
Ahuja alleges that through the character of Tom More, as depicted in Love in the Ruins, Percy 'displays an intuitive
understanding of the diagnostic act as a form of therapy unto itself'. Ahuja asks whether similarly, the receipt of
simulated personal clinical attention by an actor in an ASMR video might afford the listener and viewer some relief.[34]
Background and history
Contemporary history
The contemporary history of ASMR began on 19 October 2007 when a 21-year-old registered user of a discussion
forum for health-related subjects at a website called 'Steady Health',[35] with the username 'okaywhatever', submitted a
post in which they described having experienced a specific sensation since childhood, comparable to that stimulated
by tracing fingers along the skin, yet often triggered by seemingly random and unrelated non-haptic events, such as
'watching a puppet show' or 'being read a story'.[36]
Replies to this post, which indicated that a significant number of others experienced the sensation to which
'okaywhatever' referred, also in response to witnessing mundane events, precipitated the formation of a number of
web-based locations intended to facilitate further discussion and analysis of the phenomenon for which there was
plentiful anecdotal accounts,[23][37][38] yet no consensus-agreed name nor any scientific data or explanation.[30]
These included a Yahoo! Group called 'The Society of Sensationalists', founded on 12 December 2008 by a user named
'Ryan, AKA M?stery';[39] a blog at Blogspot.com called 'The Unnamed Feeling', launched on 13 February 2010 by
Andrew MacMuiris;[40] an ASMR Facebook Group founded on 25 February 2010 by Jennifer Allen;[6] a Subreddit
forum created by an individual with the username ' MrStonedOne' on 28 February 2011;[41] and a number of other web
locations that facilitate user interaction.[42][43][44][45]
Earlier history
Austrian writer Clemens J. Setz suggests that a passage from the novel Mrs. Dalloway authored by Virginia Woolf and
published in 1925, describes something distinctly comparable.[46][47] In the passage from Mrs. Dalloway cited by Setz,
a nursemaid speaks to the man who is her patient 'deeply, softly, like a mellow organ, but with a roughness in her
voice like a grasshopper's, which rasped his spine deliciously and sent running up into his brain waves of sound'.[48]
According to Setz, this citation generally alludes to the effectiveness of the human voice and soft or whispered vocal
sounds specifically as a trigger of ASMR for many of those who experience it, as demonstrated by the responsive
comments posted to YouTube videos that depict someone speaking softly or whispering, typically directly to
camera.[23][24][25]
Evolutionary history
Nothing is known about

whether or not there are any
evolutionary origins to ASMR
because the perceptual
phenomenon is yet to be clearly
identified as having biological
correlates. Notwithstanding, a
significant majority of
Animal grooming has often been descriptions of ASMR by those
interpreted as a form of bonding who experience it compare the
sensation to that precipitated
by receipt of tender physical
touch, providing examples such as having their hair cut or combed. This
has precipitated conjecture that ASMR might be related to the act of
grooming.[49][50][51]
For example, David Huron, Professor in the School of Music at Ohio State
Virginia Woolf's novel Mrs. Dalloway
University, states that the 'ASMR effect' is 'clearly strongly related to the contains a passage describing
perception of non-threat and altruistic attention' and has a 'strong something that may be comparable
similarity to physical grooming in primates' who 'derive enormous pleasure to ASMR.
(bordering on euphoria) when being groomed by a grooming partner' 'not
to get clean, but rather to bond with each other'.[26]
Categories
While little scientific research has been conducted into potential neurobiological correlates to the perceptual
phenomenon known as 'autonomous sensory meridian response' (ASMR), with a consequent dearth of data with
which to either explain or refute its physical nature, there is voluminous anecdotal literature comprising personal
commentary and intimate disclosure of subjective experiences distributed across forums, blogs, and YouTube
comments by hundreds of thousands of people. Within this literature, in addition to the original consensus that ASMR
is euphoric but non-sexual in nature, a further point of continued majority agreement within the community of those
who experience it is that they fall into two broad categories of subjects.[36][39][41][52]
One category depends upon external triggers in order to experience the localized sensation and its associated feelings,
which typically originates in the head, often reaching down the neck and sometimes the upper back. The other
category can intentionally augment the sensation and feelings through attentional control, without dependence upon
external stimuli, or 'triggers', in a manner compared by some subjects to their experience of meditation.[53]
Media
Videos
The most popular source of stimuli reported by subjects to be effective in triggering ASMR is video. Videos reported to
be effective in triggering ASMR fall into two categories, identified and named by the community as 'Intentional' and
'Unintentional'. Intentional media is created by those known within the community as 'ASMRtists' with the purpose of
triggering ASMR in viewers and listeners. Unintentional media is that made for other purposes, often before attention
was drawn to the phenomenon in 2007, but which some subjects discover to be effective in triggering ASMR.[41][54]
Popular examples of unintentional media as several journalists have noted is of famed painter Bob Ross and his videos
on YouTube triggering the effect on many of the viewers[55][56] and the work of stop-motion filmmaker PES.[57]
Binaural recording
Some ASMR video creators use binaural recording techniques to simulate
the acoustics of a three dimensional environment, reported to elicit in
viewers and listeners the experience of being in close proximity to actor
and vocalist.[58]
Viewing and hearing such ASMR videos that comprise ambient sound
An ASMR video
captured through binaural recording has been compared to the reported
effect of listening to binaural beats, which are also alleged to precipitate
pleasurable sensations and the subjective experience of calm and
equanimity.[59]
Binaural recordings are made specifically to be heard through headphones

rather than loudspeakers. When listening to sound through loudspeakers,
the left and right ear can both hear the sound coming from both speakers.
By distinction, when listening to sound through headphones, the sound
from the left earpiece is audible only to the left ear, and the sound from the A binaural roleplay ASMR video
from YouTube
right ear piece is audible only to the right ear. When producing binaural
media, the sound source is recorded by two separate microphones, placed
at a distance comparable to that between two ears, and they are not mixed, but remain separate on the final medium,
whether video or audio.[60]
Listening to a binaural recording through headphones simulates the binaural hearing by which people listen to live
sounds. For the listener, this experience is characterized by two perceptions. Firstly, the listener perceives being in
close proximity to the performers and location of the sound source. Secondly, the listener perceives what is often
reported as a three dimensional sound.[58]
Clinical implications
There are no scientific data nor any clinical trials from which to deduce evidence that might support or refute any
clinical benefits or dangers of ASMR, with claims to therapeutic efficacy remaining based on voluminous personal
anecdotal accounts by those who attribute the positive effect on anxiety, depression, and insomnia to ASMR video
media.[37][61][62]
Amer Khan, a physician who practices sleep medicine at the Sutter Neuroscience Institute, has advised that watching
ASMR videos as a means to treat insomnia may not be the best method by which to induce high-quality sleep, as it
could become a habit comparable to dependence on a white noise machine.[63]
This point of view is contradicted by Carl W. Bazil, Professor of Neurology at Columbia University Medical Center and
director of its Sleep Disorders Center,[64] who suggests that ASMR videos may provide ways to 'shut your brain down'
that are a variation of other methods, including guided imagery, progressive relaxation, hypnosis and meditation', of
potential particular benefit for those with insomnia, whom he describes as being in a 'hyper state of arousal'.[31]
Academic commentary
Peer-reviewed articles
Several peer-reviewed articles about ASMR have been published.
The first, by the medical student Nitin Ahuja, is titled "It Feels Good to Be Measured: clinical role-play, Walker Percy,
and the tingles". It was published in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine during 2013 and focused on a conjectural
cultural and literary analysis.[34]
Another article, published in the journal Television and New Media in November 2014, is by Joceline Andersen, a
doctoral student in the Department of Art History and Communication Studies at McGill University,[65] who suggested
that ASMR videos comprising whispering 'create an intimate sonic space shared by the listener and the whisperer'.
Andersen's article proposes that the pleasure jointly shared by both an ASMR video creator and its viewers might be
perceived as a particular form of 'non-standard intimacy' by which consumers pursue a form of pleasure mediated by
video media. Andersen suggests that such pursuit is private yet also public or publicized through the sharing of
experiences via online communication with others within the 'whispering community'.[66]
Another article, "Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR): a flow-like mental state", by Nick Davis and
Emma Barratt, lecturer and post-graduate researcher respectively in the Department of Psychology at Swansea
University, was published in PeerJ. This article aimed to 'describe the sensations associated with ASMR, explore the
ways in which it is typically induced in capable individuals to provide further thoughts on where this sensation may
fit into current knowledge on atypical perceptual experiences and to explore the extent to which engagement with
ASMR may ease symptoms of depression and chronic pain'[3] The paper was based on a study of 245 men, 222 women,
and 8 individuals of non-binary gender, aged from 18 to 54 years, all of whom had experienced ASMR, and regularly
consumed ASMR media, from which the authors concluded and suggested that 'given the reported benefits of ASMR
in improving mood and pain symptomsASMR warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic measure
similar to that of meditation and mindfulness.'
An article titled "An examination of the default mode network in individuals with autonomous sensory meridian
response (ASMR)"[67] by Stephen D. Smith, Beverley Katherine Fredborg, and Jennifer Kornelsen, looked at the
default mode network (DMN) in individuals with ASMR. The study, which used functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI), concluded that there were significant differences in the DMN of individuals who have ASMR as
compared to a control group without ASMR.
Scientific commentary
A number of scientists have published or made public their reaction to and opinions of ASMR.
On 12 March 2012, Steven Novella, Director of General Neurology at the Yale School of Medicine and an active
contributor to widely reported and academically cited discussion and debate on topics related to neurology and
scientific skepticism, published a post about ASMR on Neurologica, a blog dedicated to his writings on neuroscience,
skepticism, and critical thinking. In it, Novella says that he always starts his investigations of such phenomena by
asking whether or not it is real. Regarding ASMR, Novella says "in this case, I don't think there is a definitive answer,
but I am inclined to believe that it is. There are a number of people who seem to have independently experienced and
described" it with "fairly specific details. In this way it's similar to migraine headaches we know they exist as a
syndrome primarily because many different people report the same constellation of symptoms and natural history."
Novella tentatively posits the possibilities that ASMR might be either a type of pleasurable seizure, or another way to
activate the "pleasure response". However, Novella draws attention to the lack of scientific investigation into ASMR,
suggesting that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation technologies
should be used to study the brains of people who experience ASMR in comparison to people who do not, as a way of
beginning to seek scientific understanding and explanation of the phenomenon.[68][69]
Four months after Novella's blog post, Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology and cognitive sciences at the University
of Sheffield, was reported to have said that ASMR "might well be a real thing, but it's inherently difficult to
research...something like this that you can't see or feel" and "doesn't happen for everyone". Stafford compares the
current status of ASMR with development of attitudes toward synesthesia, which he says "for years...was a myth, then
in the 1990s people came up with a reliable way of measuring it".[70]
Comparisons and associations with other phenomena
Comparison with synesthesia

Integral to the subjective experience of ASMR is a localized tingling sensation that many describe as similar to being
gently touched, but which is stimulated by watching and listening to video media in the absence of any physical
contact with another person.
These reports have precipitated comparison between ASMR and synesthesia a condition characterized by the
excitation of one sensory modality by stimuli that normally exclusively stimulates another, as when the hearing of a
specific sound induces the visualization of a distinct color, a type of synesthesia called chromesthesia. Thereby, people
with other types of synesthesia report for example 'seeing sounds' in the case of auditory-visual synesthesia, or 'tasting
words' in the case of lexical-gustatory synesthesia.[71][72][73][74][75]
In the case of ASMR, many report the perception of 'being touched' by the sights and sounds presented on a video
recording, comparable to visual-tactile and auditory-tactile synesthesia.[76]
Comparison with misophonia

Some commentators and members of the ASMR community have sought to relate ASMR to misophonia, which
literally means the 'hatred of sound', but manifests typically as 'automatic negative emotional reactions to particular
sounds the opposite of what can be observed in reactions to specific audio stimuli in ASMR'.[3]
For example, those who suffer from misophonia often report that specific human sounds, including those made by
breathing or whispering with any loudness can precipitate feelings of anger and disgust, in the absence of any
previously learned associations that might otherwise explain those reactions.[77][78]
There are plentiful anecdotal reports by those who claim to have both misophonia and ASMR at multiple web-based
user-interaction and discussion locations. Common to these reports is the experience of ASMR to some sounds, and
misophonia in response to others.[79][80][81] In one case, a subject reports that the sound of someone whispering can
precipitate ASMR or misophonia depending on who is producing it.[82]
Comparison with frisson

The tingling sensation that characterises ASMR has been compared and contrasted to 'frisson', which is a French word
for 'shiver'.[83]
However, the English word 'shiver' signifies the rhythmic involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles which serves the
function of generating heat in response to low temperatures, has variable duration, and is often reported subjectively
as unpleasant. By distinction, the French word 'frisson', signifies a brief sensation usually reported as pleasurable and
often expressed as an overwhelming emotional response to stimuli, such as a piece of music. Frisson often occurs
simultaneously with piloerection, colloquially known as 'goosebumps', by which tiny muscles called arrector pili
contract, causing body hair, particularly that on the limbs and back of the neck, to erect or 'stand on end'.[84][85][86][87]
Very few legitimate studies have been done on ASMR, and none have discussed the link between it and frisson
specifically. At this time, much of the data on ASMR comes from primarily anecdotal sources.
Association with sexuality

There have been persistent efforts by many of those who form the 'ASMR community' to distinguish the euphoric
sensation that characterizes ASMR from sexual arousal, and to differentiate video media created with intent to trigger
it from pornography.[88][89]
Meanwhile, some journalists and commentators have drawn attention to the way in which many videos made as
triggers are susceptible to being perceived as sexually provocative in a number of ways. Firstly, the use of objects as
acoustic instruments and points of visual focus, accompanied by a softly spoken voice has been described as fetishistic.
Secondly, commentary and reporting on ASMR videos points out that the majority of 'ASMRtists' appearing in them
are 'young attractive females', whose potential appeal is further allegedly sexualized by their use of a whispered vocal
expression and gentleness of simulated touch purportedly associated exclusively with intimacy. The popularity of
ASMR videos featuring women does substantially exceed those created by male performers. However, there are some
popular male 'ASMRtists'.[23][37][89][90][91][92][93][94]
In pop culture
Contemporary art
British artist Lucy Clout's single channel video 'Shrugging Offing', made for exhibition in March 2013, uses the model
of online ASMR broadcasts as the basis for a work exploring the female body.[95][96]
Digital arts
The first digital arts installation specifically inspired by ASMR was by the American artist Julie Weitz and called Touch
Museum, which opened at the Young Projects Gallery on 13 February 2015, and comprised video screenings
distributed throughout seven rooms.[97][98][99][100]
Music
The music for Julie Weitz' Touch Museum digital arts installation was composed by Benjamin Wynn under his
pseudonym 'Deru', and was the first musical composition specifically created for live ASMR arts event.[97]
Subsequently, artists Sophie Mallett and Marie Toseland created 'a live binaural sound work' composed of ASMR
triggers, broadcast by Resonance FM, the listings for which advised the audience to 'listen with headphones for the full
sensory effect'.[101][102]
On 18 May 2015, contemporary composer Holly Herndon released an album called Platform which included a
collaboration with artist Claire Tolan named Lonely At The Top, intended to trigger
ASMR.[103][104][105][106][107][108][109]
The track "Brush" from Holly Pester's 2016 album and poetry collection Common Rest featured artist Claire Tolan,
exploring ASMR and its relation to lullaby.[110]
Film
There have been three successfully crowd funded projects, each based on proposals to make a film about ASMR: two
documentaries and one fictional piece. None of these films are currently completed.[111]
Fictional and creative literature
In March 2013, the American weekly hour-long radio program This American Life, produced by WBEZ and hosted by
Ira Glass,[112] broadcast the first short story on the subject of ASMR, called A Tribe Called Rest, authored and read by
American novelist and screenwriter Andrea Seigel.[113]
Non-fiction
There is currently one non-fiction book on ASMR, part of the Idiot's Guide series.[51]
Statistics
In addition to the information collected from the 475 subjects who participated in the scientific investigation
conducted by Nick Davies and Emma Barratt,[3] there have been two attempts to collate statistical data pertaining to
the demographics, personal history, clinical conditions, and subjective experience of those who report susceptibility to
ASMR.
Firstly, in December 2012, Craig Richard a blogger on the subject of ASMR published the first results of a poll
comprising 12 questions that had received 161 respondents, followed by second results in August 2015 by which time
there were 477 responses.[114][115]
Secondly, in August 2014, Craig Richard, Jennifer Allen, and Karissa Burnett published a survey at SurveyMonkey that
was reviewed by Shenandoah University Institutional Review Board, and the Fuller Theological Seminary School of
Psychology Human Studies Review Committee. In September 2015, when the survey had received 13,000 responses,
the publishers announced that they were analyzing the data with intent to publish the results. No such publication or
report is yet available.[116][117]
See also
Flow
Baba the Cosmic Barber
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-stats-research/). 'ASMR University' blog. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
116. "ASMR Surveys and Polls" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161015173025/http://asmrr.org/asmr-surveys-polls).
ASMR Report. December 2015. Archived from the original (http://asmrr.org/asmr-surveys-polls) on 15 October
2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
117. Richard, Craig and Allen, Jennifer and Burnett, Karissa, (August 2014). ASMR Research Survey at
SurveyMonkey (https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/?sm=kTULSICjMU+bs9wdzY4p4/B6Sktj8Rzgr8Ojf8MCG8I=).
SurveyMonkey. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
External links
"The ASMR Report" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160324054327/http://asmrr.org/). Archived from the original
(http://asmrr.org/) on 24 March 2016.
What is ASMR? (http://whatisasmr.org/)
ASMR List - Alphabetical index of ASMR content creators (https://asmrlist.com/)
ASMRbar.com - Curated ASMR Videos and multimedia. (https://ASMRbar.com/)
ASMR University - History, Art, & Science of ASMR (https://asmruniversity.com/)
ASMRradio.com - A radio station for ASMR audio. (https://ASMRradio.com/)
ASMR.ca - Categorized ASMR videos, news and information. (https://asmr.ca/)
ASMR.menu - ASMR Videos collection. (https://asmr.menu/)
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3 Background and history

Autonomous spontaneous, self-governing, within or without control

Sensation and triggers

Listening to a softly spoken or whispering voice

Personal attention role play triggers

Clinical role play triggers

Background and history

Nothing is known about

Binaural recordings are made specifically to be heard through headphones

Comparisons and associations with other phenomena

Comparison with synesthesia

Comparison with misophonia

Comparison with frisson

Association with sexuality

Fictional and creative literature

68. Novella, Steven (12 March 2012). 'ASMR' (http://theness.com/neurologicablog/index.php/asmr/). Neurologica

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