Chapter 10

Chapter 10: Conservation of Angular Momentum
Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

1.
r
A force F x in the negative x direction is applied to a particle in the xy plane. The arrow
r
that best represents the torque produced by F x on the particle with respect to the origin
is
r r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: A

2.
A phonograph turntable in the xz plane is rotating clockwise as viewed from above. The
vector that represents the torque with which the motor turns the table is
r r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: B

3.
Page 1
A torque is applied to a bolt by hanging a weight w from the end of the wrench, as
shown. The coordinate axis along which the torque vector is directed is
A) y B) x C) y D) x E) z
Ans: D

4.
r
As a particle with a velocity v in the negative x direction passes through the point (0, 0,
1), it has an angular velocity relative to the origin that is best represented by vector
r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) zero
Ans: A

5.
Page 2
r
The vector C represents
r r r r
A) A B D) B A
r r
B) B A E) None of these is correct.
r r
C) A B
Ans: D

6.
r r r r r
Vectors I and II lie in the xy plane. The vector product II ( I II ) could be
represented by vector
r r r r r
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
Ans: A

7.
Page 3
A 7-kg mass and a 4-kg mass are mounted on a spindle that is free to turn about the x
axis as shown. Assume the mass of the arms and the spindle to be negligible. If the
system is free to rotate and is released from rest, there will initially be a resultant torque
in which of the following directions?
A) z B) z C) y D) x E) x
Ans: E

8.
A wheel is rotating clockwise on a fixed axis perpendicular to the page (x). A torque
that causes the wheel to slow down is best represented by the vector
r r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: A
Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

9.
Page 4
r
A particle of mass m is moving with a velocity v , in the yz plane as shown. The vector
that most nearly represents the angular momentum about the x axis is
r r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: D

10.
A wheel is set spinning and is then hung by a rope placed at one end of the axle. If the
wheel is spinning as shown, the angular momentum of the wheel could be represented
by vector
r r r r r
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: E

11. A disk rotates clockwise in the plane of the page. What is the direction of the angular
momentum vector?
A) clockwise D) out of the page
B) counterclockwise E) Angular momentum has no direction.
C) into the page
Ans: C
Page 5
12.
Particles 1, 2, and 3 have equal masses and equal speeds. The angular momentum with
respect to the origin for these three masses is
A) the same for each particle. D) greatest for particle 3.
B) greatest for particle 1. E) least for particle 2.
C) greatest for particle 2.
Ans: C
Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

13. The angular momentum of a flywheel about its axis is 925 kg m2/s. If its moment of
inertia about the same axis is 2.50 kg m2, its angular velocity is
A) 370 rev/min B) 62 rev/min C) 36 rev/min D) 2210 rad/s E) 370 rad/s
Ans: E
Section: 10-2 Status: New to 5th edition Topic: Angular Momentum

Type: Numerical
14. We would like to compare the angular momentum of Mars about its axis of rotation with
that of the Earth's. The mass of Mars is 11% that of the Earth, with a radius 53% that of
the Earth, and a rotational period 103% that of the Earth. Assuming both planets to be
uniform spheres calculate the ratio of the angular momentum of Mars to that of the
Earth.
A) 6.0 10-2 B) 5.7 10-2 C) 3.2 10-2 D) 3.0 10-2 E) 3.1 10-2
Ans: D

Type: Numerical
15. Large meteors can impact the earth with speeds of 80,000 km/h. If such a meteor were
to impact at a point on the plane of the Earth's equator resulting in a change of the
Earth's angular momentum by 80 1012 kgm2/s (an insignificant change, thankfully),
calculate the mass of the meteor. (The radius of the Earth = 6.38 106 m.)
A) 3.4 104 kg D) 4.5 104 kg
B) 5.6 102 kg E) 56 kg
C) 3.6 103 kg
Ans: B
Page 6
Type: Numerical
16. Let us compare the angular momentum of Mars (LM) in its orbit around the Sun to that
of the Earth (LE). The mean orbital speed of Mars is 24 km/s, whereas that of the Earth
is 30 km/s. The mean orbital radius of Mars is 228 106 km, whereas that of the Earth is
150 106 km. If the mass of Mars is 11% that of the Earth, calculate the ratio LM / LE.
A) 0.21 B) 0.090 C) 7.7 D) 11 E) 0.13
Ans: E
Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

17. If the angular momentum of a system is constant, which of the following statements
must be true?
A) No torque acts on any part of the system.
B) A constant torque acts on each part of the system.
C) Zero net torque acts on each part of the system.
D) A constant external torque acts on the system.
E) Zero net torque acts on the system.
Ans: E

18. The angular momentum of a system is conserved only if
A) the angular velocity is a function of time.
B) the sum of the external torques equals the sum of the internal torques.
C) the moment of inertia of the system is constant.
D) the sum of the external torques is zero.
E) the sum of the internal torques is zero.
Ans: D
Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

19. A constant torque of 15 N m acts for 3.0 s on a system of mass 2.0 kg. The change in
angular momentum of the system during this period of time is
A) 5.0 kg m2/s D) 23 kg m2/s
2
B) 7.5 kg m /s E) 45 kg m2/s
C) 10 kg m2/s
Ans: E

20.
Page 7
The angular momentum of a body about a particular axis as a function of time is shown
in the graph. The external torque acting on the body along this axis at t = 2 s is
A) 0 B) 5 N m C) 10 N m D) 20 N m E) 40 N m
Ans: B

21. If the sum of the external torques acting on an isolated system of particles is zero, it
must be true that
A) the system can have no kinetic energy.
B) the angular momentum of the system does not change.
C) the system can have no angular velocity.
D) the system can have no linear velocity.
E) the angular momentum of the system must be continually decreasing.
Ans: B

22. A disk-shaped grindstone of mass 3.0 kg and radius 8.0 cm is spinning at 600 rev/min.
After the power is shut off, a man continues to sharpen his axe by holding it against the
grindstone until it stops 10 s later. What was the stone's initial kinetic energy when the
power was turned off?
A) 19 J B) 3.8 103 J C) 4.8 105 J D) 1.9 103 J E) 2.4 102 J
Ans: A

23.
Page 8
A spinning bicycle wheel is supported as shown by a line fastened to one end of its axle.
The resultant torque acting on the wheel lies along which of the following axes?
A) x B) y C) y D) z E) z
Ans: E

24. The angular momentum vector for a spinning wheel lies along its axle and is pointed
east. To make this vector point south, it is necessary to exert a force on the east end of
the axle in which direction?
A) up B) down C) north D) south E) east
Ans: A

25. If the sum of the external torques on a system is zero, there is
A) a change in the system's moment of inertia.
B) no change in the system's moment of inertia.
C) a change in the system's angular momentum.
D) no change in the system's angular momentum.
E) a precessional angular velocity.
Ans: D

26. If the sum of the torques on a body about a fixed axis is not zero, the body most
certainly
A) experiences translational acceleration. D) experioences rotational inertia.
B) experiences angular acceleration. E) remains in equilibrium.
C) experiences precession.
Ans: B
Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

27. A woman sits on a spinning piano stool with her arms folded. When she extends her
arms, which of the following occurs?
A) She increases her moment of inertia, thereby increasing her angular speed.
Page 9
B) She increases her moment of inertia, thereby decreasing her angular speed.
C) She decreases her moment of inertia, thereby increasing her angular speed.
D) She decreases her moment of inertia, thereby decreasing her angular speed.
E) Both her moment of inertia and her angular speed remain constant.
Ans: B

28. A man turns with an angular velocity on a rotating table, holding two equal masses at
arms' length. If he drops the two masses without moving his arms, his angular velocity
A) decreases.
B) remains the same.
C) increases.
D) increases as the angular velocity of the masses decreases.
E) decreases as the angular velocity of the masses increases.
Ans: B
Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

29. A man stands on the center of a platform that is rotating on frictionless bearings at a
speed of 1.00 rad/s. Originally his arms are outstretched and he holds a 4.54-kg mass in
each hand. He then pulls the weights in toward his body. Assume the moment of inertia
of the man, including his arms, to remain constant at 5.42 kg m2. If the original
distance of the weights from the axis is 0.914 m and their final distance is 0.305 m, the
final angular velocity is
A) 1.14 rad/s B) 1.27 rad/s C) 1.58 rad/s D) 2.08 rad/s E) 7.70 rad/s
Ans: D

30.
A woman sits on a stool that can turn friction-free about its vertical axis. She is handed
r
a spinning bicycle wheel that has angular momentum L 0 and she turns it over (that is,
through 180). She thereby acquires an angular momentum of magnitude
r r r r
A) 0 B) L 0 C) L 0 D) 2 L 0 E) 4 L 0
Ans: D

31. Two identical cylindrical disks have a common axis. Initially one of the disks is
Page 10
spinning. When the two disks are brought into contact, they stick together. Which of
the following is true?
A) The total kinetic energy and the total angular momentum are unchanged from their
initial values.
B) Both the total kinetic energy and the total angular momentum are reduced to half of
their original values.
C) The total angular momentum is unchanged, but the total kinetic energy is reduced to
half its original value.
D) The total angular momentum is reduced to half its original value, but the total
kinetic energy is unchanged.
E) The total angular momentum is unchanged, and the total kinetic energy is reduced
to one-quarter of its original value.
Ans: E

32. A wheel is rotating freely with an angular speed of 20 rad/s on a shaft whose moment of
inertia is negligible. A second identical wheel, initially at rest, is suddenly coupled to
the same shaft. The angular speed of the coupled wheels is
A) 10 rad/s B) 14 rad/s C) 20 rad/s D) 28 rad/s E) 40 rad/s
Ans: A

33. A merry-go-round with a moment of inertia of 6.78 103 kg m2 is coasting at 2.20
rad/s. When a 72.6-kg man steps onto the rim, the angular velocity decreases to 2.0
rad/s. The radius of the merry-go-round is
A) 3.06 m B) 3.66 m C) 4.27 m D) 4.88 m E) 5.49 m
Ans: A

34. In a playground there is a small merry-go-round of radius 1.25 m and mass 175 kg.
Assume the merry-go-round to be a uniform disk. A child of mass 45 kg runs at a speed
of 3.0 m/s tangent to the rim of the merry-go-round (initially at rest) and jumps on. If
we neglect friction, what is the angular speed of the merry-go-round after the child has
jumped on and is standing at its outer rim?
A) 0.82 rad/s B) 2.4 rad/s C) 0.49 rad/s D) 1.2 rad/s E) 0.41 rad/s
Ans: A

35. A hoop rotates about an axis through its center with an angular velocity of 40.0 rad/s. If
the rotational kinetic energy of the hoop is 400 J, its angular momentum is
A) 800 kg m2/s D) 20 kg m2/s
B) 400 kg m2/s E) 5 kg m2/s
2
C) 200 kg m /s
Ans: D
Page 11
36. Which of the following are required for the total momentum (both angular and linear) of
a system to be conserved?
1. The sum of the external torques acting on the system must be zero.
2. The sum of the external forces acting on the system must be zero.
3. The total kinetic energy must remain constant.
4. There can be no external torques or forces acting on the system.
5. There can be no internal torques or forces acting on the system.
A) 1 and 2 D) 1, 2, 3, and 4
B) 1, 2, and 3 E) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
C) 1, 2, and 4
Ans: A

37.
A man is walking north carrying a suitcase that contains a spinning gyroscope mounted
on an axle attached to the front and back of the case. The angular velocity of the
gyroscope points north. The man now begins to turn to walk east. As a result, the front
end of the suitcase
A) resists his attempt to turn and tries to remain pointed north.
B) fights his attempt to turn and pulls to the west.
C) rises upward.
D) dips downward.
E) does nothing whatever unusual.
Ans: D

38. Two wheels with identical moments of inertia are rotating about the same axle. The first
is rotating clockwise at 2.0 rad/s, and the second is rotating counterclockwise at 6.0
rad/s. If the two wheels are brought into contact so that they rotate together, their final
angular velocity will be
A) 2.0 rad/s, counterclockwise. D) 5.0 rad/s, clockwise.
B) 3.0 rad/s, clockwise. E) 6.0 rad/s, clockwise.
C) 4.0 rad/s, counterclockwise.
Ans: C
Page 12

39. A wheel of moment of inertia 0.136 kg m2 is spinning with an angular speed of 5000
rad/s. A torque is applied about an axis perpendicular to the spin axis. If the applied
torque has a magnitude of 67.8 N m, the angular velocity of precession will be
A) 1.00 rad/s B) 0.100 rad/s C) 10.0 rad/s D) 100 rad/s E) 1000 rad/s
Ans: B

40. A certain airplane engine rotates counterclockwise when viewed from aft (that is, from
the back of the airplane). When the plane turns to the left,
A) the engine makes it turn faster than when it turns to the right.
B) the engine makes it turn slower than when it turns to the right.
C) it tends to dive.
D) it tends to climb.
E) the engine has no effect on the turn.
Ans: C

41.
A solid cylinder is spinning counterclockwise about a longitudinal axis when a net

torque t is applied, as shown. The cylinder
A) speeds up. D) precesses about a horizontal axis.
B) slows down. E) does none of these.
C) precesses about a vertical axis.
Ans: A

42.
Page 13
A wheel is set spinning and then is hung by a rope placed at one end of the axle. The
precession vector of the spinning wheel points in the direction of
A) z B) y C) z D) x E) y
Ans: C

43. The propeller of a motorboat turns clockwise relative to a water skier being towed by
the boat. As the boat makes a sharp turn to the left, gyroscopic action tends to
A) cause the front of the boat to rise.
B) cause the front of the boat to dip.
C) cause the boat to tip to the left.
D) cause the boat to tip to the right.
E) keep the boat headed in its original direction.
Ans: A

44.
A wheel is rotating in the direction indicated. If you pull down on the end of the axle
nearest you, that end of the axle tends to move
A) up. B) to the right. C) down. D) to the left. E) directly inward.
Ans: D
Page 14
45.
A gyroscopic wheel spins clockwise as shown. The set of vectors that correctly
r r
describes ther directions of the torque t , angular momentum L , and angular velocity of
precession w p, is
r r r r r r
A) t (+z); L (x); w (+y) D) t (y); L (z); w (x)
r r r r r r
B) t (z); L (+x); w (y) E) t (+y); L (x); w (z)
r r r
C) t (+y); L (x); w (+z)
Ans: E

46.
A gyroscopic toy is spinning as shown. The torque t, angular momentum of the wheel
r
L , and angular precession velocity wp are in which directions?
r
t L wp
1 z y x
2 x y z
3 x y z
Page 15
4 x y z
5 x y z
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: E

47. A spinning bicycle wheel with a loaded rim (essentially a hoop) is supported by a line at
one end of its axle. The radius of the wheel is 0.305 m, and the wheel has a mass of
3.63 kg. It is spinning at 80.0 rad/s, and the center of mass is 15.2 cm from the point of
support. The angular velocity of precession is
A) 0.0125 rad/s D) 0.100 rad/s
B) 0.0318 rad/s E) 0.625 rad/s
C) 0.200 rad/s
Ans: C

48.
The figure shows vectors representing the angular velocity of precession wp and the spin
velocity ws. The associated torque vector points along which of the axes?
A) x B) y C) z D) z E) None of these is correct.
Ans: B
Section: 10-4 Status: New to 5th edition

Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical
49. Consider the Earth as a uniform sphere of diameter 12.7 106 m, with a mass of the
5.98 1030 kg, and a rotational period of 1 day. If the Earth suddenly had a diameter of
half this value without any loss of mass, calculate the new period of rotation.
A) 0.5 days B) 2.0 days C) 0.25 days D) 4.0 days E) 1.4 days
Ans: C

Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical
50. If an object were to suddenly shrink and decrease its moment of inertia by a factor of 3,
Page 16
what is the difference in energy between the final and initial rotational kinetic energies?
A) 3 times initial Krot D) 2 times initial Krot
B) 9 times initial Krot E) zero, Krot remains the same
C) 8 times initial Krot
Ans: D
Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Factual

51. Spin- particles
A) are called bosons.
B) have spin angular momenta that can be changed by applying a net torque to them.
C) can have angular momenta that change continuously from one value to another.
D) can very accurately be thought of as spinning spheres.
E) are described by none of the above.
Ans: E
Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

52. Which of the following statements is true?
A) The angular momentum of a particle due to its motion is its orbital angular
momentum.
B) Spin- particles are called fermions.
C) The fundamental unit of angular momentum is U.
D) The units of U are Js.
E) All of these are correct.
Ans: E

53. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Stable matter consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
B) Electrons, protons, and neutrons have an intrinsic angular momentum that is called
spin.
C) Bosons have zero spin or integral spin.
D) The spin angular momentum of a particle is a fundamental property of the particle
and as such cannot be changed.
E) All of these are correct.
Ans: E

54. Which of the following statements is not true?
A) Stable matter consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
B) Electrons, protons, and neutrons have an intrinsic angular momentum that is called
spin.
C) Bosons have zero spin or integral spin.
D) An electron is well known to have a finite size.
E) The spin angular momentum of a particle is a fundamental property of the particle
and as such cannot be changed.
Ans: D
Page 17
Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Factual

55.
The energy-level diagram that most closely represents a rotating molecule with constant
moment of inertia is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Ans: A

Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical
56. In a rotating atomic nucleus shaped like a football the quantized rotational energy levels
have angular momentum values l = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, etc. Given that the energy of each level
is equal to a constant times l (l + 1), calculate the ratio of the l = 4 to l = 2 energy
levels.
A) 4.0 B) 0.3 C) 2.0 D) 0.5 E) 3.3
Ans: E

57. In a rotating atomic nucleus shaped like a football the quantized energy levels have
rotational quantum number values of 0, 2, 4, etc. If the energies of the first three states
are 0 keV, 138 keV, and 460 keV, calculate the moment of inertia of the nucleus.
A) 9.41 10-36 keVs2 D) 1.43 10-17 eVs2
B) 9.41 10-36 eVs2 E) 9.41 10-33 keVs2
C) 1.43 10-17 keVs2
Ans: B

58. For a rotating molecule with a constant moment of inertia what is the energy difference
between the l = 5 and l = 7 energy levels?
A) 2 E0r
B) 24 E0r
Page 18
C) 86 E0r
D) 26 E0r
F) 35 E0r
Ans: D
Page 19

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Chapter 10

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Chapter 10: Conservation of Angular Momentum

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-1 Topic: The Vector Nature of Rotation Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-2 Topic: Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-2 Status: New to 5th edition Topic: Angular Momentum

Section: 10-2 Status: New to 5th edition Topic: Angular Momentum

Section: 10-2 Status: New to 5th edition Topic: Angular Momentum

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-3 Topic: Torque and Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

A solid cylinder is spinning counterclockwise about a longitudinal axis when a net

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Numerical

Section: 10-4 Topic: Conservation of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-4 Status: New to 5th edition

Section: 10-4 Status: New to 5th edition

Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Factual

Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Conceptual

Section: 10-5 Topic: Quantization of Angular Momentum Type: Factual

Section: 10-5 Status: New to 5th edition

Section: 10-5 Status: New to 5th edition

Section: 10-5 Status: New to 5th edition

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