Code,

Standard &
Specification
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Standard
A standard can be defined as a set of
technical definitions and guidelines-how
to" instructions for designers and
manufacturers.
They serve as a common language,
defining quality and establishing safety
criteria.
Examples- ASTM standard, ISO standard.
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Why Standard is required ?
Standards are documents that establish
engineering or technical requirements
for products, practices, methods or
operations.
Build confidence about quality in users
Lower the cost of production as
requirements are standardize
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Code: A code is a standard that has
been adopted by one or more
governmental bodies and has the
force of law, or when it has been
incorporated into a business
contract
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Only if Regulatory body in your Country
has adopted said Code as law
If not, Code will server as generally
accepted guidelines for design,
construction and installation
Examples- ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code , AWS D1.1 etc.
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Why Code is required ?
Providing a set of rules that specify
the minimum acceptable level of
safety for manufactured, fabricated
or constructed objects.
Also refer out to standards or
specifications for specific details on
additional requirements not
specified in the Code itself.
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Specification
a specific description of the
design and materials used to
make something.
They are set of instructions
and/or requirements over and
above requirements given in Code
& Standard.
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Specification
Must meet requirements
Examples- Company Provided
specification, Product
specification
What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
Why Specification is required ?
Specifications provide specific /
additional requirements for materials,
components or services above and
beyond code or standard requirements
Often generated by private companies
to address additional requirements
applicable to a specific product or
application
Piping Code & Standard
Provide a set of requirements for a safe,
reliable and economical installation and
operation throughout the life of process
plant
Provide consistent dimensions and ratings
so that components will fit together
Improve system reliability
Cost saving
ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code
Code Cover.. (Scope of ASME
B31.3 Code)
Requirements for materials
Components,
Design,
Fabrication, assembly, erection,
Examination, inspection, and
testing of piping.
Material standard
Material Standard cover..
Manufacturing process
Open hearth (OH), electro furnace (EF), basic oxygen
(BO)
Hot/ cold drawing, forging, extruding , bending ,
piercing, rolling etc..
Chemical and Mechanical Property of raw
material and finished product
Carbon, Manganese, sulfur, silicon, Cr, Mo, Ni etc..
yield, tensile strength, elongation, hardness etc..
Material standard
Material Standard cover..
Heat treatment requirements
Normalizing, stress reliving, annealing, solution annealing etc..
Mechanical testing requirements
Tensile test, bending test, Flattening Tests, impact testing
etc..
NDT examination, inspection and testing requirements
Radiography, Dye/liquid penetrant or magnetic particle,
ultrasonic, visual etc..
Material standard
Material Standard cover..
Acceptable tolerance for imperfection
Defect repairs
Extent of repair, method of repair and
acceptance level
Marking and certification requirements
manufacturers name or brand, the
specification and grade, Heat no. length,
dimension etc..
Material standard for Process Piping components
Material Standard cover..
Supplementary requirements
These are the requirements mentioned in purchase order and
are over and above the standard requirements as per purchasers'
need.
General requirements
Product finishing, ordering information, packing etc..

Example- ASTM Section 01, Section 02 and

Section 03
Dimension standard
Dimension Standard cover..
Different standard for different components gives
product specific requirements
Pipe
Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
schedules, permissible variance, markings and weight of
pipe
ASME B36.10 - Welded & Seamless wrought iron pipes
ASME B36.19 - Stainless steel pipes
Dimension standard
Pipe Fittings
sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
ratings, end preparation, tolerances and marking
requirements
Butt welded fittings;
ASME B16.9 - Factory-Made Wrought Butt welding Fittings
ASME B16.28 - Wrought Steel Butt Welding Short Radius Elbows
and Returns
Socket & Threaded fittings
ASME B16.11- Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
Dimension standard
Flange: Pressure-temperature ratings, materials,
dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing. Flange
bolting dimension and gasket requirements are also
included
NPS through NPS 24
ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
NPS 26 through NPS 60
ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges
Dimension standard
Branch connection
pressure-temperature ratings, size and types, materials,
dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing
MSS SP-97

Bolting
Included in Flange dimension standard
ASME B16.5 /B16.47
Dimension standard
Gasket: Materials, dimensions, tolerances, and
markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound
metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gaskets and
type of filler material
ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-
Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed
ASME B16.21- Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
What we have learned?
Code, Standard &
Specification
Benefits
Material standard
Dimension standard
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