The Ottoman Empire, WW1, and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Turks (rise & downfall)

Starting in the 1200s, the Ottoman Turks, an __________________ but non-___________________ people living in what is
today _________________, began gaining power and building an ________________________.
The Turkish Ottoman Empire, whose name derives from Osman, eventually _______________________ most of the Middle
East and North Africa, encompassing much of what _________________________________________ the Islamic Empire.
The Ottomans were fine ___________________ and __________________ land easily, and the Ottoman Empire became a
world ________________ and a significant player in European _________________________.
This _______________________ of the Ottomans in acquiring a large empire was due partly to the weakness and disunity of
their adversaries, partly to their excellent and far superior _____________________ organization.
Furthermore, while the Ottoman Turks were ________________________, they did ___________ impose Islamic law on non-
Muslims. The Ottoman Turks generally allowed Christians, Jews, and people of other faiths to _________________________
their beliefs in _____________________, although the Armenian Massacre of 1915-1917 is a cruel exception. Arabs,
Persians, Kurds, and Armenians all maintained strong cultural identities within the Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire lasted until the early 20th century, a span of almost ____________ years. Economically, socially, and
militarily, however, Turkey was a ______________________________________ state, unaffected by the industrial
developments in the rest of Europe. Unlike the earlier Muslim Empire, the Ottomans _________________ value
____________________________ and cultural achievement
The Ottoman Empire did not ________________ in the __________________ revolution, leading to their eventual downfall

World War One

Prior to WW1, the Ottoman Empire controlled ________________ swaths of the __________________________________.
World War I broke out in ________________. Britain, France, the United States, and Russia were united as the Allied forces.
They fought the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. The Ottoman Turks assumed the Central Powers would
win the war. The Turks believed Germany would keep Russia from taking land from their declining empire, so the Ottoman
sultans _________________________________________________________ They also joined the Central Powers to gain
needed technology from the Germans.
THEY LOST!
Sykes-Picot Agreement- during WW1, the ______________________ and the __________________ made the Sykes-Picot
agreement which _____________________ the Ottoman Empires holding into a zone of French and a zone of British control.
o Partition- _____________________________________________________________________________________
Mandate Systems post WW1

Following their defeat, the non-Turkish portions of the Ottoman Empire were given by the League of Nations to the
___________________ and the ______________________ as mandates formalizing the boundaries of the Sykes-Picot
agreement. (Essentially colonies in this instance)
o Mandates- ___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
These mandates ignored _____________________ ethnic boundaries and lumped together many different ethnic groups.

Potential Conflict?

Following _____________________________, many different ___________________ groups tried to form a government or

gain _________________________ of the government in the new nation they resided in, which led to __________________.
This can be seen in the ongoing ____________________ between:
1.

2.

3.