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An Excellent Laboratory OSCE Mission To BiH
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i> AND UNCERTAIN POST
CONFLICT ENVIRONMENT OF
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LEFT TO RIGHT 3ERBIAN 0RESIDENT N 6IENNA THE FIRST !MBASSADOR OF 0ROVISIONAL %LECTION #OMMISSION AND
3LOBODAN -ILOEVI #ROATIAN THE 5NITED 3TATES TO THE /3#% *OHN s TO APPOINT THROUGH THE GOOD OFFICES OF THE
0RESIDENT &RANJO 4UMAN +ORNBLUM DESCRIBED THE NEWLY MINTED /3#% #HAIRMAN
IN
/FFICE A (UMAN 2IGHTS
AND "OSNIAN 0RESIDENT !LIJA ORGANIZATION AS hAN EXCELLENT LABORATORYv /MBUDSMAN
)ZETBEGOVI SIGN THE 'ENERAL (E RECOGNIZED THAT THE /3#% THROUGH ITS 4HIS MADE IT CLEAR AT THE VERY OUTSET WHAT
&RAMEWORK !GREEMENT FOR FIELD MISSIONS WOULD BE CONFRONTED WITH THE KEY PRIORITIES OF THE /3#% -ISSION TO
0EACE IN "I( ENDING FOUR YEARS A MULTITUDE OF COMPLEX CHALLENGES IN THE "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA WOULD BE 3ECURITY
OF WAR IN FORMER 9UGOSLAVIA RAPIDLY EVOLVING POST
#OLD 7AR WORLD 4HE DEMOCRATIZATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS WERE
"EHIND THEM ARE 3PANISH 0RIME NEW ORGANIZATIONS PRIMARY FOCUS WOULD BE AND STILL ARE AT THE CORE OF ITS WORK
-INISTER &ELIPE 'ONZALES 53 ON EARLY WARNING CONFLICT PREVENTION CRISIS --" *
,-" /9
0RESIDENT "ILL #LINTON &RENCH MANAGEMENT AND POST
CONFLICT REHABILITATION &OR A FULL DECADE IN REGULAR CONSULTATION
0RESIDENT *ACQUES #HIRAC 4HE FIELD MISSIONS WOULD NOT HAVE IDENTI
WITH THE /3#% 0ERMANENT #OUNCIL IN 6IENNA
'ERMAN #HANCELLOR (ELMUT CAL MANDATES EACH MANDATE WOULD NECESSAR
AND ITS PARTICIPATING 3TATES THE -ISSION
+OHL "RITISH 0RIME -INISTER ILY EVOLVE ALONG WITH THE HOST
COUNTRY SITUA
HAS PLACED ITS EMPHASIS ON ISSUES AND PRO
*OHN -AJOR AND 2USSIAN TION 4HE MISSIONS IF THEY WERE TO HAVE THE GRAMMES THAT ARE ESSENTIAL TO "OSNIA AND
0REMIER 6IKTOR #HERNOMYRDIN DESIRED IMPACT WOULD HAVE TO BE FOCUSED (ERZEGOVINAS DEVELOPMENT AS A DEMOCRATIC
4HE !CCORD HAD BEEN INITIALLED FLEXIBLE CREATIVE AND RESULTS
ORIENTED MULTI
ETHNIC 3TATE IN WHICH CITIZENS AND
EARLIER ON .OVEMBER AT THE ,ESS THAN A YEAR LATER THE $AYTON 0EACE ELECTED OFFICIALS PUT A PREMIUM ON THE RULE
7RIGHT
0ATTERSON !IR &ORCE "ASE !CCORDS OFFICIALLY SIGNED IN 0ARIS ON OF LAW AND ACTIVELY PROTECT AND REINFORCE THE
IN $AYTON /HIO $ECEMBER ASSIGNED TO THE /3#% FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF EVERY INDIVIDUAL
0HOTO !&0 IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE CHALLENGING 4WO COMPONENTS OF THE /3#% -ISSIONS
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
hPERSONALITYv HAVE BEEN CRUCIAL TO ITS SUC
/3#% -ISSION TO "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA
CESS ITS STAFF AND ITS COUNTRY
WIDE PRESENCE
&IRST AND FOREMOST ARE ITS STAFF MEMBERS
4HE -ISSION TEAM IS DRAWN FROM MORE THAN
OF THE /3#%S PARTICIPATING 3TATES
WITH A MAJORITY COMING FROM "OSNIA AND
(ERZEGOVINA ITSELF 4HEY HAVE BROUGHT
EXCEPTIONAL EXPERIENCE EXPERTISE AND COM
MITMENT TO A BROAD RANGE OF PROGRAMMES
AND ACTIVITIES
3OME OF THESE TASKS SUCH AS ELECTION
SUPPORT AND MEDIA DEVELOPMENT HAVE
BEEN CONCLUDED /THERS SUCH AS EDUCATION
REFORM PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM AND
SECURITY CO
OPERATION ARE MORE RECENT ADDI
TIONS 3TILL OTHERS SUCH AS HUMAN RIGHTS
AND DEMOCRATIZATION HAVE ENDURED IN ONE
FORM OR ANOTHER SINCE THE -ISSIONS EARLY
DAYS "UT ALL ARE ESSENTIAL TO A "OSNIA AND $!#!"
(ERZEGOVINA THAT IS TO TAKE ITS PLACE IN THE #!"
FAMILY OF DEMOCRATIC 3TATES
&"
4HEN THERE IS THE /3#%S WIDESPREAD !'
PRESENCE 4HE /3#% -ISSION HAS NEVER BEEN #! ##% $ !%
3ARAJEVO
CENTRIC 0RACTICALLY FROM DAY ONE %"" # " !$"#!# $! "" %
THE TEAM HAS BEEN SYSTEMATICALLY DEPLOYED
THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY 7ITH ITS FOUR REGION
BUT ALSO TO LOOK AHEAD )N LOOKING TO THE
AL CENTRES AND FIELD OFFICES THE /3#% FUTURE TWO QUESTIONS IMMEDIATELY COME TO
TEAM ATTUNED TO THE REALITIES OF DEMOCRAT
MIND
IC DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN SECURITY AT THE 7HAT SHOULD BE THE FUTURE SIZE AND ROLE
LOCAL AND REGIONAL LEVEL HAS LONG SERVED OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY PRESENCE IN
AS AN ESSENTIAL RESOURCE FOR THE LARGER INTER
"OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA
NATIONAL COMMUNITY !T WHAT POINT AND IN WHAT WAYS WILL
*",/ "
THE COUNTRY hGRADUATEv IN THE VIEW OF
%VEN MORE IMPORTANTLY THE -ISSIONS ITS PEOPLE ITS AUTHORITIES AND THE OUTSIDE
LOCAL OFFICES HAVE REPEATEDLY BEEN THE FIRST WORLD FROM BEING AN ESSENTIALLY PASSIVE
PORT OF CALL FOR CITIZENS WHO HAVE BEEN hIMPORTERv OF OUTSIDE AID AND AUTHORITY TO
TREATED UNFAIRLY )F THE /3#% -ISSION TO "I( BEING AN hEXPORTERv OF EXPERIENCE CREATIVITY
HAD NOT EXISTED IT WOULD HAVE HAD TO BE AND KNOW
HOW INTO A WORLD DESPERATELY IN
INVENTED NEED OF ALL THREE
"UT THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF $AYTON IS AN /N THE FIRST QUESTION THE DEBATE IS
APPROPRIATE MOMENT NOT ONLY TO LOOK BACK ALREADY WELL UNDER WAY WHICH IS IN ITSELF A
7AR AND RECOVERY
k )T IS BELIEVED THAT SOME PEOPLE LOST THEIR LIVES IN THE k !N ESTIMATED MILLION UPROOTED PERSONS HAVE RETURNED HOME
MONTH
LONG WAR IN "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA IN ALL AREAS OF THE "ALKANS SINCE THE MID
S (OWEVER SOME
k /UT OF AN ESTIMATED "I( POPULATION OF MILLION CENSUS CIVILIANS OR POSSIBLY MORE ARE STILL WAITING THEIR
MORE THAN MILLION PEOPLE ABANDONED THEIR HOMES DURING THE TURN TO GO BACK THE MAJOR PROBLEM BEING THE RETURN OF ETHNIC
CONFLICT MAKING IT THE WORST REFUGEE CRISIS SINCE THE 3ERBS AND OTHER MINORITIES TO +OSOVO 4HOUSANDS OF OTHERS HAVE
3ECOND 7ORLD 7AR PERMANENTLY SETTLED OVERSEAS
k )N MID
A MILESTONE WAS REACHED WHEN A TOTAL OF ONE k )N *ANUARY THE 'OVERNMENTS OF "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA
MILLION DISPLACED PERSONS HAD BEEN ABLE TO RETURN TO THEIR RIGHTFUL #ROATIA AND 3ERBIA AND -ONTENEGRO TOGETHER WITH THE %UROPEAN
HOMES 4HE PROCESS WAS DIFFICULT AS HOMES HAD EITHER BEEN 5NION THE /3#% AND THE 5.(#2 SIGNED AN AGREEMENT IN
DESTROYED OR WERE BEING OCCUPIED BY NEW TENANTS ! SIGNIFICANT 3ARAJEVO THE h X )NITATIVEv IN WHICH THEY AGREED TO RESOLVE
FACTOR THAT ACCELERATED MINORITY RETURNS AFTER WAS THE ALL OUTSTANDING REFUGEE AND INTERNATIONAL DISPLACEMENT CASES
COUNTRY
WIDE ENFORCEMENT OF PROPERTY LAWS THROUGHOUT THE "ALKANS BY THE END OF
3OURCES 5.(#2 AND /3#%
k ,ATEST AVAILABLE FIGURES REVEAL THAT SOME PER CENT OF RETURNEES
WERE INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS )$0S WITH THE REMAINING
PER CENT RETURNING AFTER HAVING SOUGHT REFUGE OUTSIDE "I(
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
2OBERT "EECROFTS
TEACHING BACKGROUND
PROVED INVALUABLE WHEN
THE /3#% -ISSION WAS
ASKED TO SPEARHEAD
EDUCATION REFORM IN "I(
3ARAJEVO /CTOBER TIMELY AND WELCOME DEVELOPMENT )TS OUT COUNTRYS BORDERS ALREADY EXIST
!MBASSADOR "EECROFT COME WILL AFFECT NOT ONLY THE /3#% -ISSION 4HE WORLD CLASS EXPERTISE OF "OSNIAN
(IGH 2EPRESENTATIVE 0ADDY BUT ALL THE ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE EMERGED $.! EXPERTS MADE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT IN
!SHDOWN AND SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM THE INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO THE WAR MY COUNTRY IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE TERRORIST
LAUNCH THE EDUCATION REFORM !S (EAD OF -ISSION ) USED TO ASK MY ATTACKS OF 3EPTEMBER 4HE DEDICATED
CAMPAIGN IN "I( 0HOTOS STAFF NOT TO GET hHUNG UPv ON MATTERS OF POLICE OFFICERS FROM "I( IN %AST 4IMOR DEM
-ISSION TO "I(.ERMIN 0ODI PROCESS BUT INSTEAD TO IMAGINE AN ACCEPT ONSTRATED BOTH PROFESSIONALISM AND INTER
ABLE OUTCOME WORK BACKWARDS TO THE ETHNIC TEAMWORK AN IMPORTANT MESSAGE
PRESENT AND DRAW A LINE CONNECTING THE IN AN ISLAND 3TATE WITH ITS OWN ETHNIC PROB
TWO /NCE THIS IS DONE THE PROCESS TENDS TO LEMS 4HE BRAVE AND DANGEROUS MISSION OF
DEFINE ITSELF AND THE WAY FORWARD BECOMES SOLDIERS OF THE !RMED &ORCES OF "OSNIA AND
CLEAR (ERZEGOVINA IN )RAQ IS THE LATEST EXAMPLE
3UCH AN APPROACH CAN BE USEFUL IN IMAG AND ONE WHICH EVERY CITIZEN IN THE COUNTRY
INING THE COUNTRYS FUTURE IN %UROPE IN CAN BE PROUD OF
THE %URO !TLANTIC COMMUNITY AND IN THE !S "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA GAINS IN
WORLD 4EN YEARS AFTER THE WAR ONE NOW SEES SELF ASSURANCE ) LOOK FORWARD TO ADDITIONAL
THE OUTLINES OF A VIABLE DEMOCRATIC 3TATE CONFIRMATION THAT IT SEES ITSELF AS A COMMIT
INCREASINGLY IMPATIENT WITH CORRUPTION TED TRAVELLER ON A TWO WAY STREET AND AS A
CONCERNED ABOUT ACHIEVING A FAIR BALANCE CONSTRUCTIVE PARTNER IN A WORLD FULL OF CHAL
BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND COMMUNITY LENGES
RIGHTS AND PREOCCUPIED WITH DEVELOPING ITS )N A DEMOCRACY IT IS NOT ENOUGH TO SIT
ECONOMY BACK AND LEAVE ONES POLITICAL LEADERS TO
4HE SOONER THE OUTLINES ARE FILLED IN THE DEFINE THE FUTURE 2ATHER IT IS UP TO EVERY
SOONER THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY PRES ONE OF US TO PLAY A PART BY BEING ACTIVELY
ENCE WILL BE REDUCED TO WHAT IT IS IN MOST INVOLVED AND BY MAKING OUR PERSONAL EXPEC
PLACES AROUND THE WORLD BILATERAL EMBASSIES TATIONS CLEAR IN THE VOTING BOOTH THROUGH
AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES 4HE PRIMARY FOR LOCAL INITIATIVES BY VOLUNTEERING EVEN BY
EIGN PRESENCE IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD CONSIST SENDING OFF A LETTER TO A NEWSPAPER 3UCH
OF INVESTORS AND TOURISTS NOT INTERNATIONAL POSITIVE ACTIVISM CAN BE CONTAGIOUS AND IT
CIVIL SERVANTS CAN EVEN ENERGIZE POLITICIANS
4HE ANSWER TO THE SECOND QUESTION FLOWS 4EN YEARS AGO FEW PEOPLE WOULD HAVE BET
FROM THE FIRST !LL TOO OFTEN THE IMAGE OF THAT BY "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA WOULD
"OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA OVERSEAS IS THAT ITS HAVE REACHED ITS CURRENT HOPEFUL STATE OF
PEOPLE ARE PASSIVE AND THAT THEY HAVE OVER RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT ,ET US NOW THINK
THE CENTURIES DEVELOPED A hRECIPIENTv MEN TEN YEARS AHEAD 7HERE WOULD WE LIKE THE
TALITY INTO A FINE ART ) KNOW FROM PERSONAL COUNTRY TO BE IN !ND HOW WORKING
EXPERIENCE IN HUNDREDS OF COMMUNITIES ALL TOGETHER CAN ITS CITIZENS GET THERE
OVER THE COUNTRY HOW UNFAIR AND INACCURATE
THAT IMAGE IS 4O COUNTER IT HOWEVER WILL L>>`,Li iiVv>ii>`v
REQUIRE VISIONARY DOMESTIC LEADERSHIP OF A i"-
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HIGH ORDER v{iVi
%XAMPLES OF "OSNIAN READINESS TO hGIVE i>Vi>i >> ivii1i
BACKv TO ENGAGE POSITIVELY BEYOND THE 7>}]
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
>V}i >
iiV>Vi
Vii`} >
iLix]ii}>viii>>i !T $AYTON IT WAS DECREED THAT ELECTIONS
}iiiv*i>Vi >>`ii}> > SHOULD TAKE PLACE WITHIN SIX TO NINE MONTHS
iii`i"-
>iiLviii UNDER CONDITIONS OF FREEDOM OF ASSOCIA
>i>i>ViVi"vii]i}i TION EXPRESSION AND MOVEMENT IN A NEUTRAL
>`i`>i>>}i>i> POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT !S THE /3#%S FIRST
`iV>>}>iV`iiivvii>` (EAD OF -ISSION IN THE COUNTRY ) REGARDED
v>iiV THIS COMBINATION AS COMPLETELY UNREALISTIC
9,"
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4HERE WERE STILL TOO MANY STRAINS FROM THE
WAR (OWEVER ) THOUGHT WE HAD TO DO OUR
4
O DRAW UP AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO BEST TO ACHIEVE A NEW DEMOCRATICALLY ELECT
MEETING THIS SET OF CHALLENGES THE ED STRUCTURE OF GOVERNANCE
/3#%S #HAIRMAN
IN
/FFICE FOR ) SOUGHT TO DEVELOP AN EFFECTIVE BAL
(UNGARIAN &OREIGN -INISTER ,SZL +OVCS ANCE BETWEEN HONORING THE INTEGRITY OF
ESTABLISHED A 4ASK &ORCE IN 6IENNA 4HE THE $AYTON COMPROMISES AND ACHIEVING
/3#% HAD NO PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE IN SUPER
MANDATED DEADLINES 7E WORKED SEVEN
VISING ELECTIONS AND HAD TO START FROM DAYS A WEEK TO BUILD UP A -ISSION PRESENCE
SCRATCH IN DEVELOPING A VISION ON HOW TO THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY WHILE PURSUING
PROCEED INTENSIVE CIVILIAN AND MILITARY CONSULTATIONS
&ORTUNATELY WE WERE ASSISTED BY EXPERTS INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY
&IRST CAME A GROUP OF INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL
ISTS WHO GAVE US INVALUABLE ADVICE AND -1
/-/,
/
3ARAJEVO 3EPTEMBER RECOMMENDATIONS .EXT 3WEDEN HOSTED AN &ROM FOUR OF US IN $ECEMBER WE
!N /3#% AIRCRAFT INFORMAL MEETING OF EXPERTS WHO PROVIDED GREW WITHIN FIVE MONTHS TO AN INTERNATIONAL
TRANSPORTS BALLOT PAPERS OF ADDITIONAL COUNSEL /NCE THE /3#% -ISSION STAFF OF AND AN ADDITIONAL TO
"I( REFUGEES WHO VOTED IN TO "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA WAS UNDER WAY LOCALLY HIRED PERSONNEL 7E ESTABLISHED
THE FIRST POST
WAR MUNICIPAL IN 3ARAJEVO WE CLOSELY FOLLOWED ALL THIS INI
A MAIN OFFICE IN 3ARAJEVO SIX 2EGIONAL
ELECTION 0HOTO 2EUTERS TIAL ADVICE #ENTRES AND FIELD OFFICES
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
"ANJA ,UKA *UNE "OSNIAN 3ERB WOMEN DEMAND
INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR MISSING FAMILY MEMBERS
IGNORING THE INDICTMENT AND CONTINUING TO
SERVE AS 0RESIDENT OF 2EPUBLIKA 3RPSKA 23
AND THE 3ERBIAN $EMOCRATIC 0ARTY 3$3
#ARL "ILDT FORMER 0RIME -INISTER OF
3WEDEN AND THE FIRST (IGH 2EPRESENTATIVE
IN 3ARAJEVO BEGAN STEPS TO STRIP AWAY -R
+ARADIS POWERS AS 23 0RESIDENT AND )
RESOLVED TO EFFECT HIS REMOVAL FROM THE 3$3
0RESIDENCY BEFORE THE START OF THE ELECTORAL
CAMPAIGN ) DISCUSSED MY POSITION WITH
THE 3$3 LEADERSHIP THE /3#%S 0ERMANENT
,
1/
,-
#OUNCIL AND 0ARLIAMENTARY !SSEMBLY
0RESIDENT 3LOBODAN -ILOEVI IN "ELGRADE
AND 2USSIAN &OREIGN -INISTER 9EVGENY
)N RAPID SUCCESSION WE SIMULTANEOUSLY 0RIMAKOV IN -OSCOW
CREATED A 0ROVISIONAL %LECTION #OMMISSION /N THE EVE OF THE CAMPAIGN FORMER
0OLITICAL 0ARTIES #ONSULTATIVE #OMMISSION 53 !SSISTANT 3ECRETARY OF 3TATE 2ICHARD
-EDIA %XPERTS #OMMISSION AND %LECTIONS (OLBROOKE HEAD OF THE 53 NEGOTIATING
!PPEALS 3UB
#OMMISSION WHILE OUR TEAM IN $AYTON CAME TO THE REGION AND
$IRECTORATE 'ENERAL FOR %LECTIONS WAS TAKING HAMMERED OUT AN AGREEMENT IN "ELGRADE
SHAPE "Y *UNE ) THOUGHT WE HAD SUF
FINALIZING -R +ARADIS DEPARTURE FROM ALL
FICIENT STRENGTH TO PROCEED WITH ELECTIONS ASPECTS OF PUBLIC LIFE 4HIS GAVE A BOOST TO
!ND SO IT WAS THAT ) RECOMMENDED AT A THE LAUNCH OF THE CAMPAIGN
0EACE )MPLEMENTATION #OUNCIL CONFERENCE 4HE 3EPTEMBER POLL IN WHICH DISPLACED
IN &LORENCE THAT GENERAL ELECTIONS BE HELD ON PERSONS AND WIDELY SCATTERED REFUGEES
3EPTEMBER EXACTLY NINE MONTHS PARTICIPATED TOOK PLACE WITHOUT VIOLENCE
AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE 0EACE !GREEMENT BUT WITH NOTEWORTHY IRREGULARITIES
3EPTEMBER IN 0ARIS ) THEN MET WITH 3WISS &OREIGN 7AR
TIME ARRANGEMENTS GAVE WAY TO A NEW
$ESPITE THE DAUNTING -INISTER &LAVIO #OTTI /3#% #HAIRMAN
IN
INTER
ETHNIC "I( 0RESIDENCY "I( (OUSE
OBSTACLES THE FIRST POST
/FFICE FOR TO DISCUSS WHAT TO DO ABOUT OF 2EPRESENTATIVES &EDERATION (OUSE OF
WAR ELECTIONS IN "I( 2ADOVAN +ARADI INDICTED FOR WAR CRIMES 2EPRESENTATIVES 23 0RESIDENCY 23 .ATIONAL
PROCEED UNDER /3#% BY THE )NTERNATIONAL #RIMINAL 4RIBUNAL FOR !SSEMBLY AND &EDERATION #ANTONS
AUSPICES THE FORMER 9UGOSLAVIA )#49 BUT WHO WAS
*" /
-/,1
-
7E POSTPONED HIGHLY CONTENTIOUS MUNIC
IPAL ELECTIONS IN ORDER TO EASE PRESSURES ON
THE REST OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS "Y EARLY
A DEFINITIVE AGREEMENT WAS REACHED
WITH $ANISH &OREIGN -INISTER .IELS (ELVEG
0ETERSON THEN /3#% #HAIRMAN
IN
/FFICE
TO SCHEDULE MUNICIPAL VOTING THE FOLLOW
ING 3EPTEMBER #ARL "ILDT DECIDED THAT
THE /3#% SHOULD NOT ONLY SUPERVISE BUT
ALSO IMPLEMENT RESULTS OF THE LOCAL VOTING
)MPLEMENTATION WAS BOUND TO BE MOST DIF
FICULT SINCE MAJOR POLITICAL STRUGGLES OVER
CONTROL OF KEY CITIES WERE CONTINUING
!MBASSADOR 2ICHARD %LLERKMAN OF
'ERMANY WHO SUCCEEDED 3IR +ENNETH 3COTT
AS THE /3#%S $EPUTY (EAD OF -ISSION IN
LATE DEVELOPED A THOROUGH IMPLEMEN
TATION PLAN THAT WAS APPROVED BY &OREIGN
-INISTERS AT 3INTRA 0ORTUGAL IN -AY
/FFICIALS OF THE 3$3 AND THE #ROATIAN
$EMOCRATIC 5NION ($: CONSISTENTLY
,
1/
,-
THREATENED TO BOYCOTT BUT ULTIMATELY PARTICI
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
PATED IN GENERALLY EFFECTIVE LOCAL ELECTIONS
AGAIN WITHOUT VIOLENCE
-EANTIME A CRISIS ERUPTED IN 2EPUBLIKA
3RPSKA WHEN 0RESIDENT "ILJANA 0LAVI
BEGAN OPPOSING THE 3$3 OLD GUARD DIS
SOLVED THE 23 !SSEMBLY AND CALLED FOR
/3#% SUPERVISION OF ELECTIONS OF A NEW
!SSEMBLY #OMPLEX LEGAL HURDLES AND HESI
TANCY BY MUCH OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMU
NITY WERE GRADUALLY OVERCOME
) CONSISTENTLY ARGUED TO THE #ONTACT
'ROUP AND /3#% 0ERMANENT #OUNCIL THAT
-S 0LAVI SHOULD BE SUPPORTED /UR
-ISSIONS 0OLITICAL $IRECTOR !MBASSADOR
6LADIMIR +UZNETSOV OF THE 2USSIAN
&EDERATION HELPED US NAVIGATE THROUGH THE
SITUATION &INALLY A NEW 23 !SSEMBLY WAS
ELECTED IN .OVEMBER
(AVING ACHIEVED A STUNNING VICTORY
,
1/
,-
"ILJANA 0LAVI BEGAN TO PUT TOGETHER AN
INTER
ETHNIC GOVERNING COALITION AND
STRENGTHENED TIES WITH THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY )N TURN HER PEOPLE BEGAN REGIONAL STABILIZATION INITIATIVES THAT INCLUD
/CTOBER #HILDREN PLAY
RECEIVING GREATLY INCREASED INTERNATIONAL ED OVERSEEING THE DISMANTLING OF IN THE RUINS OF 3ARAJEVO
AID !T THE TIME THIS REPRESENTED A SIGNIFI
ARMAMENTS ) CONCLUDED THAT THE /3#%
CANT BREAKTHROUGH IN THE PEACE PROCESS -ISSION HAD IN MOST RESPECTS EXCEEDED THE
)N MY FAREWELL STATEMENT TO THE 0EACE TASKS REQUESTED OF IT AT $AYTON
)MPLEMENTATION #OUNCIL IN "ONN IN /N COMPLETING THIS EXTRAORDINARY DIP
$ECEMBER ) RECALLED ALL THE ELECTORAL LOMATIC EXPERIENCE ) CONSIDERED IT A GREAT
RESULTS OF AND OUR -ISSIONS PRIVILEGE TO HAVE PARTICIPATED IN THE EARLY
ADVANCES IN BUILDING UP DEMOCRATIZATION POST
WAR EFFORTS TO CONSOLIDATE A PEACE WITH
AND HUMAN RIGHTS PROGRAMMES AND OUR JUSTICE
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!N EXPLOSION DESTROYS
AN /3#% VEHICLE A GRIM
REMINDER OF THE TENSE
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POST WAR ENVIRONMENT
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
!PRIL 3ARAJEVO
!MBASSADOR "ARRY
ANNOUNCES RESULTS OF
MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS TO
THE PRESS
0HOTO 2EUTERS
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9," ,/ ,,9 GOVERNMENTS COMBINING INCENTIVES AND
SANCTIONS !T THE SAME TIME WE BEGAN THE
-
Y OWN ROLE IN ELECTIONS BEGAN PROCESS OF MODIFYING THE PROVISIONAL ELECTION
WITH MY APPOINTMENT AS (EAD RULES AND REGULATIONS WITH THE AIM OF PRO
OF -ISSION AND CHAIR OF THE MOTING CO
OPERATION AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS
0ROVISIONAL %LECTION #OMMISSION IN *ANUARY !N IMPORTANT FIRST STEP WAS TO BRING
OF 4HE PREVIOUS MONTH THE 0EACE NEW MEMBERS INTO THE 0ROVISIONAL %LECTION
)MPLEMENTATION #OUNCIL MEETING IN "ONN #OMMISSION TO LESSEN THE IMPACT OF THE
HAD SIGNALLED STRONG DISSATISFACTION AT THE NATIONALIST PARTIES !DDING REPRESENTATIVES
SLOW PACE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE $AYTON OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND hOTHERSv THOSE WHO
!CCORDS THE RETURN OF REFUGEES AND DEMOC
DID NOT FEEL THEY BELONGED TO THE "OSNIAC
RATIZATION #ROAT OR 3ERB ETHNIC GROUPS IMPROVED
4HE "ONN COMMUNIQU GAVE NEW POWERS THE ATMOSPHERE IN THE #OMMISSION AND LED
TO THE (IGH 2EPRESENTATIVE AND ENCOURAGED TO A NUMBER OF REFORMS MOST OF WHICH HAD
THE /3#% TO IMPLEMENT THE RESULTS OF THE BEEN RECOMMENDED BY #OMMISSION MEM
MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS AND TO PREPARE FOR BERS THEMSELVES
NATIONAL ELECTIONS IN WHICH WOULD CON
TRIBUTE TOWARDS THE RETURN OF REFUGEES AND
/", ,
", -
DISPLACED PERSONS "EFORE THE NATIONAL ELECTIONS IN 3EPTEMBER
4HE FIRST TASK OF THE /3#% -ISSION AND STEPS WERE TAKEN TO INCREASE THE REPRE
ITS THEN FIELD OFFICES WAS TO PRESS HARD SENTATION OF WOMEN BAN PAID POLITICAL ADVER
FOR THE FORMATION OF MULTI
ETHNIC MUNICIPAL TISING ON ELECTRONIC MEDIA REQUIRE CANDIDATES
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
AND ELECTED OFFICIALS TO FILE FINANCIAL DISCLO
TRANSPARENCY AND INTER
ETHNIC CO
OPERATION
SURE STATEMENTS PREVENT THE CANDIDACY OF 4RAINING AND SUPPORT FOR ENTITY AND NATIONAL
INDIVIDUALS ILLEGALLY OCCUPYING OTHERS HOMES PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLIES RESULTED IN
AND PREVENT INCENDIARY MEDIA BROADCASTS PROGRESS FOR EXAMPLE IN ESTABLISHING THE
/THER REFORMS WERE INTRODUCED DURING THE PRINCIPLE OF CIVILIAN CONTROL OF THE MILITARY
DRAFTING OF THE ELECTION LAW AGAIN DESIGNED ! KEY INNOVATION DURING MY TIME
TO FAVOUR MODERATE CANDIDATES 2EQUIRING IN 3ARAJEVO WAS THE FOUNDING OF THE
CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE TO GIVE UP POSITIONS !SSOCIATION OF %LECTION /FFICIALS OF "OSNIA
ON MANAGEMENT BOARDS OF 3TATE COMPANIES AND (ERZEGOVINA WHICH SETS PROFESSIONAL
HELPED AVOID CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND THE STANDARDS FOR ELECTION ADMINISTRATORS AND
DIVERSION OF 3TATE FUNDS TO POLITICAL PARTIES PROVIDES TRAINING TO THOSE ON THE FRONTLINES
4HE INTRODUCTION OF OPEN
LIST VOTING AND OF ELECTIONS MEMBERS OF POLLING STATION
THE PREFERENTIAL VOTING SYSTEM IMPROVED THE COMMITTEES ELECTION REGISTRARS AND THE LIKE
CHANCES OF CANDIDATES WITH AN APPEAL ACROSS 4ODAY THIS NON
GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
ETHNIC LINES 4HE REMOVAL OF PROVISIONS PLAYS A VITAL ROLE IN GRASSROOTS DEMOCRACY
ENABLING ONE CONSTITUENT PEOPLE TO USE THE
(OUSE OF 0EOPLES TO BLOCK ACTION ON ANY LEG
-
/*,",
--
ISLATION CAUSED GREAT CONTROVERSY BUT CLEARED ,OOKING BACK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF
THE WAY FOR A MORE WORKABLE SYSTEM OF GOV
IT IS CLEAR THAT THE COUNTRY HAS MADE
ERNMENT ,EGAL STEPS ALLOWING THE /3#% TO SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS 4HE LOCAL ELECTIONS ON
AUDIT POLITICAL PARTY FINANCIAL RECORDS PROVID
/CTOBER WERE THE FIRST TO BE ORGAN
ED AN IMPORTANT TOOL FOR FIGHTING CORRUPTION IZED AND FUNDED BY "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA
AND ITS CITIZENS 4HE REPORT OF THE /3#%
,//",
/1, /$)(2 %LECTION /BSERVATION -ISSION INDI
)N ADDITION TO THE REFORM OF ELECTORAL RULES CATED THAT THE ELECTION MET INTERNATIONAL
AND THE REMOVAL OF CANDIDATES AND ELECTED STANDARDS AND THAT THE FIRST DIRECT ELECTIONS
OFFICIALS BLOCKING IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OF MAYORS WORKED WELL
$AYTON !GREEMENT THE /3#% -ISSION DEVOT
.EVERTHELESS THE PROCESS OF POLITICAL
ED A GREAT DEAL OF ATTENTION TO PROMOTING THE AND ECONOMIC REFORM HAS BEEN DISAPPOINT
RETURN OF THOSE DISPLACED BY THE CONFLICT ING -ANY LEADERS OF NATIONALIST PARTIES
7E FELT THAT THE RIGHT TO RETURN WAS A CONTINUE TO WORK BEHIND THE SCENES FOR A
KEY HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE AND COULD SERVE AS FUTURE OUTSIDE THE FRAMEWORK OF "OSNIA AND
A MEANS TO CREATE A CONSTITUENCY FOR INTER
(ERZEGOVINA $ESPITE MANY CALLS TO BOARD
ETHNIC CO
OPERATION "ECAUSE THE /3#% THE TRAIN FOR "RUSSELS THESE SAME LEADERS
-ISSION HAD THE LARGEST NUMBER OF FIELD REFUSE TO PART WITH THE BAGGAGE THEY CAN
OFFICES AMONG ALL THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANI
NOT BRING ON THE TRAIN -OST POLITICAL PARTY
ZATIONS IT WAS ABLE TO PLAY A KEY ROLE IN LEADERS RESIST STEPS TO PROMOTE INTRA
PARTY
HELPING PEOPLE APPLY FOR THE RETURN OF THEIR DEMOCRACY 4HE LACK OF POLITICAL REFORM CON
PROPERTY AND LATER IN SUPPORTING RETURNEES TINUES TO STAND IN THE WAY OF FOREIGN INVEST
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RIGHTS 7HILE BOTH MENT AND JOB CREATION
THE /3#% AND THE (IGH 2EPRESENTATIVE TOOK )N 7ASHINGTON $# IN .OVEMBER ;=
THE POSITION THAT REFUGEES AND DISPLACED THE THREE MEMBERS OF THE 0RESIDENCY OF
PERSONS HAD THE RIGHT TO CHOOSE WHETHER OR "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA AGREED TO A 53
NOT TO VOTE AT THEIR PRE
WAR CONSTITUENCIES PROPOSAL THAT THEY NEGOTIATE AMENDMENTS
THE /3#% MADE EVERY EFFORT TO SUPPORT THEIR TO THE $AYTON #ONSTITUTION BY -ARCH
RIGHT TO DO SO 4HE GOAL IS A SIMPLIFIED AFFORDABLE SYSTEM
"ESIDES ADMINISTERING THE ELECTIONS THE OF GOVERNMENT THAT WOULD PROMOTE ACCES
/3#% -ISSIONS $EMOCRATIZATION $EPARTMENT SION TO THE %5 4O ACHIEVE THIS GOAL ALL THREE
SOUGHT TO IMPROVE THE FUNCTIONING OF INSTITU
ETHNIC GROUPS WILL HAVE TO PUT ASIDE SOME
TIONS OF GOVERNANCE 7E TRAINED THOUSANDS OF THE BAGGAGE THEY HAVE BEEN ENCUMBERED
OF FEMALE CANDIDATES AND CONTINUED TO OFFER WITH FOR THE PAST DECADE MAKING IT POSSIBLE
TRAINING TO THOSE WHO WERE ELECTED 4HE TO GET ON THE TRAIN TO "RUSSELS
PRESS CONFERENCE WE ORGANIZED DURING THE L>>`,Li >>i>`vi
3TABILITY 0ACT 3UMMIT OF *ULY FEATURING "-
>>`ii}>v
WOMEN FROM ALL OVER SOUTH
EASTERN %UROPE >>niiV`ii
WAS A HIGH POINT IN THE EFFORT TO PROMOTE >ii`iV>`i>i>>}i
GENDER EQUALITY IN THE REGION i
-
"-
-Vii>}->>i]i
4HE /3#% PROGRAMME OF WORK WITH >iii>`i`>i>>Liv
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS ON FINANCING ISSUES "-
" ,iiVLi>
MADE A GENUINE DIFFERENCE IN TERMS OF
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
,i*i`
iV}i
>ivV
A
*i`ii}i`vi>>`V>V>}i`
>i >V>`
>p>vvi
>>v]piivVi`i>i
Li-iLV>}ii>>`>i`
Vvi>i>L}iiiVi`>
/>`vi`iiii`>iiiLii
i>`v>}>
--" /" , /, "6
!LIII VILLAGE $ECEMBER 9 -- " ",// RANKS NEXT TO 3REBRENICA AT THE TOP OF THE
2ETURNEE !LMIR LIST OF SITES WHERE THE MOST HEINOUS CRIMES
/
-ERDI BEAMING IN FRONT OF UTSIDE "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA ) AGAINST HUMANITY WERE COMMITTED DUR
HIS RECONSTRUCTED HOUSE DOUBT IF THE NAME 0RIJEDOR RINGS A BELL ING THE WAR 3O FAR INDICTMENTS ISSUED BY
3O EIGHT YEARS AGO WHEN MY FAMILY THE )NTERNATIONAL #RIMINAL 4RIBUNAL FOR THE
AND FRIENDS WOULD ASK ME WHERE EXACTLY IN FORMER 9UGOSLAVIA HAVE INCLUDED INDI
"OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA ) HAD BEEN ASSIGNED VIDUALS FROM 0RIJEDOR
TO ) WOULD DRAW ATTENTION TO IMAGES THAT -Y ARRIVAL IN 0RIJEDOR IN .OVEMBER
WERE BEAMED AROUND THE WORLD IN THE EARLY COINCIDED WITH $AYTONS TWO
YEAR ANNIVER
S OF MASSES OF EMACIATED PRISONERS SARY 4HE FIRST ARRESTS OF WAR
CRIME SUSPECTS
HUDDLED TOGETHER STARING BLANKLY BEHIND BY 3&/2 TROOPS HAD OCCURRED A FEW MONTHS
BARBED WIRES !ND INEVITABLY THEY WOULD EARLIER WHEN 3&/2 UNITS ARRESTED -ILAN
REMEMBER h-IOv +OVAEVI AND KILLED 3IMO $RLJAA
4HE DISCOVERY OF SEVERAL MASS GRAVES IN WHEN HE ALLEGEDLY TRIED TO RESIST !PART FROM
/LD 0RIJEDOR THE AREA HAS SINCE CONFIRMED THAT 0RIJEDOR THAT HOWEVER THE SITUATION HAD CHANGED
LITTLE WITH 0RIJEDOR STILL LABELLED AS A hBLACK
HOLEv
/N ONE SIDE THERE WERE THE 3ERBS GRAP
PLING WITH A COMPLEX PAST AND DISMISSIVE
OF EVERY ALLEGATION OF WAR CRIME 4O MAKE
MATTERS WORSE THOUSANDS OF 3ERB REFUGEES
AND DISPLACED PERSONS FROM OTHER PARTS OF
"OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA HAD BEEN RELOCATED
TO HOUSES THAT HAD BEEN ABANDONED IN HASTE
/N THE OPPOSITE SIDE THERE WERE THE
TENS OF THOUSANDS OF "OSNIACS WHO DESPITE
THE TRAUMA ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR PREVIOUS
HOMES WERE DETERMINED NOT TO WAVER
IN THEIR RESOLUTION TO RETURN WHERE THEY
*,
", /
BELONGED
)N THE MIDDLE THERE WAS THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY WHOSE MANTRA STARTING IN
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
WAS h4HIS IS THE YEAR OF RETURNSv
!S A NEWLY ARRIVED /3#% HUMAN RIGHTS
OFFICER ) WAS NOT QUITE SURE WHAT THIS
MEANT 2ETURN WHERE 4O WHICH HOUSES !
MORE ACCURATE DESCRIPTION WAS REMAINS OF
BLOWN
UP HOUSES ELOQUENT REMINDERS THAT
THEY WERE NOT MEANT TO BE RETURNED TO *UST
A YEAR EARLIER SOME PARTIALLY DESTROYED
HOUSES HAD BEEN TURNED INTO RUBBLE BY ANTI
RETURN THUGS AFTER THE 5NITED .ATIONS (IGH
#OMMISSIONER FOR 2EFUGEES ANNOUNCED THAT
THEIR FORMER OCCUPANTS WERE PLANNING A
--" /" , /, "6
MUCH
ANTICIPATED FIRST VISIT SINCE THEY FLED
"UT THE TIDE WAS ABOUT TO TURN 4HE 0EACE
)MPLEMENTATION #OUNCIL HAD DECIDED THAT
THE TIME HAD NOW COME FOR DISPLACED PER
SONS AND REFUGEES TO COME HOME AT LAST
OR AT LEAST THAT IT WAS TIME TO EMBARK ON THE
LONG ROAD AHEAD 4HE MESSAGE TRICKLED DOWN
QUICKLY TO THE PEOPLE ON THE GROUND TO )T WAS A PRIVILEGE FOR US TO BE PART OF THEIR !LIII 0RIJEDOR $ECEMBER
FIELD OFFICERS LIKE MYSELF AND OTHER NATIONAL HOMECOMING )N ONE OF THE NEWLY REBUILT 4HE ROAD TO RECOVERY
AND INTERNATIONAL PERSONNEL WHO WOULD BE HOUSES WE TOASTED OUR RAKIJA TO THE FAMI
RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCESS LIES WHO SIX YEARS AFTER BEING FORCED TO FLEE
)N 0RIJEDOR THIS MEANT ENFORCING DOMES
FROM THEIR OWN HOMES DARED TO RETURN TO
TIC OFFICIALS COMPLIANCE WITH THE COM
ONE OF THE MOST NOTORIOUSLY DANGEROUS SPOTS
MITMENTS SIGNED UP TO BY THE COUNTRYS IN THE COUNTRY
LEADERS AT $AYTON AND ENSURING THAT THEY "ENEATH THIS GIDDINESS HOWEVER WE
APPROVED A MUNICIPAL RETURNS PLAN 4HE FOUND IT HARD TO DISGUISE OUR ANXIETY AND
0EACE )MPLEMENTATION #OUNCIL IN CONCERN ABOUT THE VERY REAL THREAT OF ATTACKS
HAD REQUIRED EVERY MUNICIPALITY IN "OSNIA ON THE RETURNEES !N /3#% COLLEAGUE SUG
AND (ERZEGOVINA TO DESIGNATE SPECIFIC AREAS GESTED THAT WE SPEND THE NIGHT WITH THE
TO WHICH THE FIRST GROUPS OF PEOPLE COULD FAMILIES 0ERHAPS OUR /3#%
MARKED VEHICLES
RETURN 2ESETTLEMENT WAS DISCOURAGED ) STILL COULD SERVE AS A DETERRENT 2EASON PREVAILED
REMEMBER THE FEAR AND MUTUAL SUSPICION HOWEVER AND WE DECIDED THAT THE PRESENCE
PREVAILING AMONG THE COMMUNITIES AND WITH
OF 3&/2 TROOPS PATROLLING THE AREA WOULD BE
IN THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL AT THAT TIME PRECAUTION ENOUGH
&ROM AMONG THE COUNTLESS NUMBER OF 4HAT WAS THE BEGINNING OF ONE OF THE
WAR
RAVAGED HAMLETS IN THE MUNICIPALITY MAJOR RETURN MOVEMENTS IN "OSNIA AND
!LIII WAS DEEMED A GOOD A PLACE TO START (ERZEGOVINA AFTER THE WAR &ORTUNATELY THE
CARRYING OUT THE PLAN )T WAS CLOSE TO THE WIDESPREAD FEAR THAT VIOLENCE WOULD ERUPT
TOWN CENTRE AND TO A MAJOR ROAD JUNCTION PROVED WRONG )T BECAME CLEAR THAT 3ERBS IN
WAS ALMOST HALF
WAY BETWEEN THE MUNICI
0RIJEDOR WOULD TACITLY ACCEPT THE RETURNS AS
PALITIES OF 0RIJEDOR AND 3ANSKI AND WAS NOT SOMETHING THAT SIMPLY HAD TO HAPPEN SLOW
FAR FROM THE )NTER
%NTITY "OUNDARY ,INE LY THEY TOO STARTED TO COME TO TERMS WITH
!S SOON AS IT WAS DECIDED THAT !LIII WAS THEIR WAR
TIME PAST
IT NO TIME WAS WASTED 4HE FIRST BENEFICIAR
4ODAY MORE THAN "OSNIACS ARE
IES NO DOUBT THE BRAVEST AND MOST HOPE
BELIEVED TO HAVE MOVED BACK INTO THEIR
FUL AMONG THE EXPELLED WERE IDENTIFIED BY REBUILT HOMES IN 0RIJEDOR !ND IT ALL STARTED
THE ,UTHERAN 7ORLD &EDERATION AN INTERNA
THAT MEMORABLE NIGHT IN AN OTHERWISE
TIONAL NON
GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION THAT OBSCURE HAMLET CALLED !LIII
WAS ALSO TO CARRY OUT RECONSTRUCTION WORK
THROUGHOUT THE SPRING AND SUMMER > >ii`>>"-
>
"Y THE BEGINNING OF /CTOBER THE ,}"vvVi*i`v iLi
FIRST RETURNING FAMILIES WERE READY TO SPEND i]>viVii`i->>i
THE FIRST NIGHT IN THEIR HOMES 4HE CELEBRA
i>`>ivi"-
iii
TORY MOOD OF THE VILLAGERS MOST OF THEM ii`>-i>,}"vvVi>`
WITH THE LAST NAME h!LIIv OF COURSE THE i}>`v*i{i
"OSNIAC $EPUTY -AYOR OF 0RIJEDOR AND THE
iVi iVvii>>
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WORKERS PORTEND
iiv>,}]>`ii`i
ED EVEN BETTER THINGS TO COME >} "L>i`->>i
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
4HIS WAS THE FATE OF THOUSANDS OF FAMILIES THAT HAD TO LEAVE
THEIR HOMES DURING THE CONFLICT 4HEIR APARTMENTS WERE OFTEN
REALLOCATED AMONG THE INFLOW OF REFUGEES AND DISPLACED PER
SONS 3OMETIMES THE NEW OCCUPANTS WERE GRANTED hTEMPORARY
PERMITSv AND SOMETIMES THEY SIMPLY MOVED IN ILLEGALLY /FTEN
CONSIDERED hSPOILS OF WARv ABANDONED DWELLINGS WERE ALSO
DOLED OUT TO SOLDIERS POLICE OFFICERS AND OTHER HIGH
RANKING
OFFICIALS IN THE COMMUNITY
4HE CAMPAIGN TO REFORM THE COUNTRYS PROPERTY RIGHTS LEG
ISLATION TURNED OUT TO BE THE LONGEST AND MOST CONTENTIOUS
"-
--" /"
, *" <
EVER CONDUCTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY )N
LAWS CONCERNING ABANDONED PROPERTIES WERE REPEALED THROUGH
THE EFFORTS OF THE /FFICE OF THE (IGH 2EPRESENTATIVE /(2
WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE /3#% -ISSION TO "I( AND THE 5NITED
.ATIONS (IGH #OMMISSIONER FOR 2EFUGEES 5.(#2 .EW
LAWS WERE DRAWN UP SETTING INTO MOTION AN ADMINISTRATIVE
PROCEDURE TO PROCESS CLAIMS FILED BY RETURNING REFUGEES AND
#RNI ,UG NEAR "OSANSKO 'RAHOVO IN NORTHWEST "I( 4HIS 3ERB RETURNEE DISPLACED PERSONS
HAS BEEN ABLE TO MOVE BACK INTO HIS NEWLY RESTORED HOME
4HE NEW LAWS ENCOUNTERED A HUGE WAVE OF RESISTANCE
!UTHORITIES IN BOTH "I( ENTITIES CIRCUMVENTED IMPLEMENTATION
!GAINST ALL ODDS /3#% BY RIGGING PROPERTY LEGISLATION WITH ANOMALIES AND LOOPHOLES
4HE NEW OCCUPANCY RIGHTS HELD BY MEMBERS OF THE MAJOR
FIELD STAFF SUCCEED IN ITY GROUP WERE PROTECTED AGAINST CLAIMS FOR REPOSSESSION
!UTHORITIES MADE THE PROCESS AS DIFFICULT AS POSSIBLE BY REFUS
BOOSTING RESPECT FOR ING TO RECOGNIZE THE VALIDITY OF DOCUMENTS OR BY DEMANDING
EVIDENCE THAT CLAIMANTS SIMPLY HAD NO ACCESS TO OR BY USING
PROPERTY RIGHTS SHEER INTIMIDATION
4HE ROLE OF THE /3#% -ISSION TO "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA
"Y %LMIRA "AYRASL IN HELPING RETURNEES TO SURMOUNT THESE HURDLES WAS TO PROVE
4HE $AYTON !GREEMENT WAS UNEQUIVOCAL h!LL REFUGEES AND CRUCIAL 3TRONG INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE AND VIGILANCE ALSO
DISPLACED PERSONS HAVE THE RIGHT FREELY TO RETURN TO THEIR ENSURED THE PROPER IMPLEMENTATION OF !NNEX
HOMES OF ORIGIN v READS !RTICLE OF THE !GREEMENTS !NNEX -ONITORING BY /3#% STAFF ENSURED THAT ADMINISTRATIVE
h4HEY SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO HAVE RESTORED TO THEM PROPERTY AUTHORITIES ADHERED TO PROPER AND TRANSPARENT PROCEDURES
OF WHICH THEY WERE DEPRIVED IN THE COURSE OF HOSTILITIES SINCE 7HENEVER AN OBSTRUCTION TOOK PLACE THE /3#% NOTIFIED ITS
AND TO BE COMPENSATED FOR ANY PROPERTY THAT CANNOT BE OTHER INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS ESPECIALLY THE /(2 WHOSE
RESTORED TO THEMv h"ONN POWERSv LED TO THE DISMISSAL OF MORE THAN UN
$URING THE FIRST THREE YEARS AFTER $AYTON HOWEVER THE CO
OPERATIVE MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS INCLUDING SOME MAYORS
RIGHT TO RETURN WAS CONSPICUOUSLY ABSENT FROM LOCAL LEGISLA
!S DREW TO A CLOSE SOME PER CENT OF CASES FILED
TION !UTHORITIES CONTINUED TO APPLY A COMPLEX ARRAY OF LAWS HAD RESULTED IN THE RESTORATION OF PRE
WAR PROPERTY A
THAT SERVED TO HINDER RETURNS AND TO REINFORCE SEGREGATION REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT BY THE STANDARDS OF ANY POST
CON
AND hETHNIC CLEANSINGv TO USE A TERM THAT SEEPED INTO THE FLICT SOCIETY (AD IT NOT BEEN FOR THE CONCERTED EFFORTS OF THE
WORLDS CONSCIOUSNESS DURING THE "ALKAN WARS INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IT IS UNLIKELY THAT THE INJUSTICES
7ITH THE LARGEST FIELD PRESENCE IN THE COUNTRY THE /3#% OF WAR WOULD HAVE BEEN REDRESSED ! NEW LEGAL ORDER WOULD
FOUND ITSELF AT THE FOREFRONT OF ENFORCING PROPERTY LAWS &IELD HAVE BEEN BUILT ON THE POST
WAR STATUS QUO AND PROPERTY
STAFF RESPONDED TO CITIZENS COMPLAINTS PROMPTLY AND PURSUED DISPUTES WOULD HAVE REMAINED A SOURCE OF CONFLICT INDEFI
CASES RELENTLESSLY 4HE SAFE AND SECURE ENVIRONMENT OF /3#% NITELY
CENTRES AND OFFICES BOOSTED CITIZENS CONFIDENCE IN THE CLAIMS 4ODAY THE RIGHT TO RECOVER hLOSTv PROPERTY IS WIDELY RECOG
PROCESS NIZED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY .OWHERE ELSE IN THE WORLD HAS
-OST PROPERTY IN THE FORMER 9UGOSLAVIA BELONGED EITHER TO THIS RIGHT BEEN APPLIED SO EFFECTIVELY
THE 3TATE OR TO 3TATE
OWNED COMPANIES 5P TO PER CENT OF
HOUSING IN THE MAJOR CITIES OF "I( FELL WITHIN THIS CATEGORY %LMIRA "AYRASL WAS THE 3POKESPERSON OF THE /3#% -ISSION
%MPLOYERS ALLOCATED APARTMENTS AMONG EMPLOYEES AND THEIR TO "I( FROM .OVEMBER TO $ECEMBER 4HIS ARTI
FAMILIES GRANTING THEM PERMANENT hOCCUPANCY RIGHTSv WHICH CLE IS PARTLY BASED ON A DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE /(2 THE
MEANT LESS THAN FULL OWNERSHIP /CCUPANCY RIGHTS COULD NEI
5.(#2 AND THE /3#% ON THE 0ROPERTY ,AW )MPLEMENTATION
THER BE BOUGHT NOR SOLD BUT COULD BE INHERITED BY HOUSEHOLD 0LAN 0,)0 DESIGNED TO ENSURE THAT PROPERTY RIGHTS ARE
MEMBERS RECOGNIZED AND ENFORCEABLE REGARDLESS OF POLITICAL CON
)F OCCUPANTS WERE ABSENT FROM THEIR APARTMENT FOR MORE SIDERATIONS 4HE 0LAN REPRESENTS THE MOST COMPLEX LEGAL
THAN SIX MONTHS THEIR RIGHT TO LIVE IN IT COULD BE REVOKED COMPONENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF !NNEX
/3#% -AGAZINE *ANUARY
,> >>`ii}>
i>}LLii
}iiV}]i,>V > 2OMA ARE HOMELESS A SEVERE SETBACK FOR
>`ii}>vvii`v>i`>Vii>>iv AN ALREADY GREATLY MARGINALIZED COMMUNITY
ix>ii]iV>}ivi`i}> )N A STUDY IN LATE FOCUSING ON LEGAL
i`v>iVi>v>iV/>` ISSUES THE /3#% -ISSION FOUND THAT IN A
Vi>>i]>>,>v>i>i>`>i` SAMPLING OF INFORMAL 2OMA SETTLEMENTS
v>iiipi>>iLiiL OUT OF AN ESTIMATED TOTAL OF STOOD
>VVi]>`>`>>LiiVVi` ON PUBLIC LAND AND ON PRIVATE LAND -OST
>i}>i OF THE FAMILIES DID NOT HAVE ANY SECURITY
OF TENURE MAKING THEIR RESIDENTS SOME
9
,,"/6
IN TOTAL VULNERABLE TO EVICTION
4HE SUCCESS STORY BEHIND 'ORICA A HILLY
h4
HE WAR VIRTUALLY WIPED OUT 2OMA URBAN SETTLEMENT IN THE HEART OF 3ARAJEVO
SETTLEMENTS GIVING NON
2OMA FREE APTLY ILLUSTRATES THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES CON
REIN TO TAKE THEM OVER v SAYS $ERVO FRONTING 2OMA AS THEY STRIVE TO BRING A
3EJDI THE /3#% -ISSIONS 2OMA -ONITOR SEMBLANCE OF STABILITY INTO THEIR PRECARIOUS
WHO ALSO SERVES AS #O
ORDINATOR OF THE SOCIO
ECONOMIC STANDING
#OUNCIL OF 2OMA AN ADVOCACY TOOL THAT HE !S 2OMA STARTED THE SLOW TREK BACK HOME
SET UP AT THE 3TATE LEVEL h#OMPANIES BUILT THEY FOUND THEMSELVES HARD
PRESSED TO PROVE
WAREHOUSES IN THEIR PLACE 3OMETIMES THE WHERE THEY HAD ONCE LIVED DESPITE THE
SITES WERE DESIGNATED AS SPECIALLY PROTECTED FACT THAT THEIR DWELLINGS HAD OBVIOUSLY BEEN
WATER
SUPPLY AREAS AS MUNICIPAL LANDS OR AS DESTROYED DURING THE SIEGE OF THE CITY
BUFFER ZONESv h%STABLISHING A PERMANENT SETTLEMENT
4HE /3#% -ISSION HAS BEEN WORKING WITH IN 'ORICA BECAME A MATTER OF SURVIVAL v
2OMA ACTIVISTS TO HELP CLARIFY AND IMPROVE SAYS 2AMIZ 3EJDI 0RESIDENT OF h2OMA
THE COMMUNITYS ARRANGEMENTS CONCERNING 0ROSPERITYv THE NON
GOVERNMENTAL ORGANI
RESIDENTIAL AND LAND USE ZATION THAT IS LEADING THE PROJECT h$ONORS
4HE 2OMA SETTLEMENT h/UR ROLE IS TO SERVE AS POLITICAL COUNSEL
WERE OFFERING TO HELP US REBUILD BUT DIS
IN 'ORICA LEFT STANDS IN LORS ASSISTING 2OMA IN THEIR EFFORTS TO ADVO
PUTES OVER OWNERSHIP AROSE 4HE LAND WAS
SHARP CONTRAST TO OTHERS IN CATE AND ARTICULATE THEIR OWN INTERESTS VIS
PARTLY OWNED BY A 3TATE ENTERPRISE AND
THE COUNTRY SUCH AS ONE
VIS OTHER PARTIES SO THAT FAMILIES ARE ABLE PARTLY BY THE MUNICIPALITY 3ORTING OUT OUR
NEAR "ANJA ,UKA RIGHT TO OBTAIN THE RIGHTS TO FULL OWNERSHIP OF THE DILEMMA WAS TAKING ENORMOUS TIME AND
0HOTOS /3#% -ISSION TO HOMES AND PROPERTY THEY ARE OCCUPYINGv EFFORT AS WE HAD NO PAPER TRAIL TO SPEAK OFv
"I((LNE (ARROFF
4AVEL 4ODAY MORE THAN PER CENT OF "OSNIAN 'ORICA RESIDENTS KNEW THEY HAD TO ACT
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
&IVE YEARS AFTER THE WAR THE 3EJDI FAMILY
DECIDED TO RETURN h) KNEW THAT OUR HOME
WAS IN RUINS BUT SOMEHOW ) FELT ) JUST HAD
TO TAKE PART IN REBUILDING THE COUNTRY v -R
3EJDI SAYS h7E FOUND REFUGE IN AN ABAN
DONED AND PARTIALLY DESTROYED HOUSE BEFORE
WE FINALLY MOVED INTO THIS NEW PLACEv
--" /" ,,"/6
!LTHOUGH THE REBUILDING OF THE 'ORICA
SETTLEMENT HAS DRAMATICALLY IMPROVED THE
LIVES OF 2OMA IN THE CAPITAL THE QUEST FOR
DURABLE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF SECURING
LEGAL TENURE FOR THOSE WHO LIVE IN INFORMAL
SETTLEMENTS IS BY NO MEANS OVER )N -OSTAR
FOR EXAMPLE IT IS NOT UNCOMMON FOR 2OMA
.'/ LEADER 2AMIZ 3EJDI DRASTICALLY 4HEY HAD BEEN PETITIONING LOCAL TO SLEEP IN THE STREETS OR IN ABANDONED AND
HAS BEEN LEADING EFFORTS TO AUTHORITIES FOR THIS LAND FOR MORE THAN WAR TORN BUILDINGS PENDING A DECISION ON
REBUILD 'ORICA YEARS AND NOW THE DESTRUCTION OF THEIR THEIR RIGHT TO RETURN TO THEIR PRE WAR HOMES
HOMES HAD RAISED THE STAKES CONSIDERABLY 5SEFUL LESSONS CAN BE DRAWN FROM 'ORICA
4HEY MOBILIZED SEVERAL INTERNATIONAL SAYS 2OMA -ONITOR $ERVO 3EJDI
ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDING THE /3#% TO HELP h&IRSTLY ALTHOUGH THE EXPERTISE OF THE
SETTLE THEIR HOUSING STATUS ONCE AND FOR ALL /3#% AND THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IS
4HE /3#% -ISSION FOCUSED ON TEACHING COM CRUCIAL IN NAVIGATING POLITICAL AND LEGAL PROC
MUNITY LEADERS HOW TO PRESENT THEIR CASE TO ESSES 2OMA THEMSELVES ARE THE ONLY PEOPLE
THE AUTHORITIES IN 3ARAJEVO ! SERIES OF WORK WHO CAN PROVIDE THE MAJOR IMPETUS TO CLARI
SHOPS WAS ORGANIZED TO TEACH 2OMA HOW TO FYING THE LEGAL AMBIGUITIES SURROUNDING THEIR
WRITE LETTERS PETITIONING FOR THE RECOGNITION LIVING CONDITIONS
OF THEIR PROPERTY RIGHTS h3ECONDLY 2OMA SHOULD BE MADE AWARE
,EARNING THE ART AND SKILL OF ADVOCACY AS THAT THE ROAD TO LEGITIMATE HOUSING CALLS NOT
PART OF AN INTENSE LOBBYING CAMPAIGN HAS ONLY FOR LONG TERM COMMITMENT BUT ALSO FOR
PAID OFF 7ITH FINANCIAL BACKING FROM THE COURAGE PERSISTENCE AND VISION
.ETHERLANDS 'OVERNMENT 2OMA HAVE SINCE h4HIRDLY AND NO LESS IMPORTANTLY MAK
BEEN ABLE TO BUILD A PERMANENT SETTLEMENT ING THE TRANSITION FROM UNCERTAIN TO SECURE
TO REPLACE THEIR PRE WAR HOMES ! NEAT ROW HOUSING IS POSSIBLE ONLY IF LOCAL AUTHORITIES
OF PRISTINE WHITE HOUSES ARE NOW HOME TO 2OMA COMMUNITIES AND CIVIL SOCIETY WORK
FAMILIES WITH SOME MEMBERS TOGETHER IN A SPIRIT OF MUTUAL CONFIDENCE AND
2AMIZ 3EJDI HAS JUST MOVED INTO ONE OF CO OPERATIONv
THE NEW UNITS WITH HIS WIFE AND SIX CHIL
DREN h7E USED TO LIVE IN MAKESHIFT QUARTERS
HERE IN 'ORICA v HE SAYS LOOKING BACK AT
THE TUMULTUOUS PAST h4HEN JUST BEFORE THE jmi>vv/>i
WAR BROKE OUT ) HAD TO GO TO 'ERMANY WITH >ii*i
MY DAUGHTER TO SEEK MEDICAL TREATMENT FOR >`*LVv>
HER ,ITTLE DID ) KNOW THAT MY WHOLE FAMILY i>ivi
WOULD SOON JOIN ME THERE AS REFUGEESv "-
2OMA DEMOGRAPHICS
s ! "I(
WIDE SURVEY BY THE /3#% IN FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY THE
#OUNCIL OF %UROPE IDENTIFIED ABOUT INFORMAL 2OMA SETTLEMENTS IN
--" /"
,,"/6
MORE THAN MUNICIPALITIES 4HE COMMUNITY IN 3ARAJEVO IS ESTIMATED AT
ABOUT
s 4HE /3#% (IGH #OMMISSIONER ON .ATIONAL -INORITIES AND THE #OUNCIL OF
%UROPE ESTIMATE THE COUNTRYS TOTAL 2OMA POPULATION TO BE BETWEEN
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)N THE EARLY DAYS OF THE PROGRAMME
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LOADS
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AND THE WAR HAD LEFT MOST CITIZENS WARY OF LAW AND ORDER AUTHORI THE LOCAL CULTURE v SAYS ELJKO 6UKANOVI
TIES h0EOPLE HAVE LEARNED TO COMMUNICATE WITH
h4HE BIGGEST OBSTACLE WE FACED WAS PEOPLES FEAR OF REPORTING THE POLICE AND WITH MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS
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EXPECTATIONS OF THEIR MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS h!ROUND HERE THE GENERAL !S FOR THE LOCAL CATTLE POPULATION THEIR
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DECADE AFTER THE BLOODLETTING OF THE EARLY NINETIES A
NEW "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA HAS EMERGED 2EMARKABLY NATIONAL COMMUNITYS CONTINUED ROLE IN "I( )T IS FAIR TO SAY
DESPITE THE BITTER FIGHTING DURING THE WAR THE PEOPLE THAT WITHOUT THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYS COMMITMENT AND
OF "OSNIA ARE TOGETHER BUILDING THE STRUCTURES OF A MODERN ENGAGEMENT "I( WOULD NOT HAVE COME THIS FAR SO QUICKLY
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#OMMISSION THE /3#% -ISSIONS $EPARTMENT FOR 3ECURITY #O
POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN THE IMMEDIATE POST
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SUCCESSES "I( HAS REGISTERED OVER THE PAST THREE YEARS TO 3REBRENICA OR KEY GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONARIES WERE REGULARLY
4HE POLICE FORCES THAT WERE ESTABLISHED UNDER THE 0EACE SHOWN TO BE PROTECTING WAR CRIMINALS
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-OSTAR BRIDGE HAS BEEN RE
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3TATE ZATIONS FOLLOWING THE OPENING OF 3!! NEGOTIATIONS GREATER
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RESPONSIBILITY WILL FALL UPON THE PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ORGAN
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/N .OVEMBER ;= "I( 3TATEHOOD $AY #OMMISSIONER FINANCE INSTITUTIONS AND OF COURSE THE /3#%
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CIAL THAT NO ONE SHOULD BE IN ANY DOUBT THAT %UROPE IS THE ONLY PER CENT OF THEIR TAXES ARE SPENT ON BUREAUCRATS NOT SERVICES
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REFORM AGENDA AND ABOVE ALL
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s -OBILIZING THE YOUNG PEOPLE OF "I( AND TACKLING THE SCANDAL
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h2ESULTS OF /3#%S WORK SPEAK
IN THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL PROVISION ACROSS THE
COUNTRY REMAIN FAR TOO GREAT FOR THEMSELVESv
4HE EDUCATION SYSTEM AS A WHOLE MUST BE A
-LADEN )VANI WAS ONE OF NEARLY
BULWARK AGAINST ETHNIC RELIGIOUS CULTURAL AND
&OREIGN -INISTERS AND SOME
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REPRESENTATIVES FROM COUNTRIES WHO
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TOOK PART IN THE TH /3#% -INISTERIAL
CHILDREN FROM DIFFERENT ETHNIC BACKGROUNDS GO TO
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$ECEMBER !N ECONOMIST BY
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TRAINING HE SERVED AS 0RIME -INISTER
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$ECEMBER
ARE MUTUALLY REINFORCING 4HE REFORM OF EDUCA
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TECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE MATURATION OF
AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE $AYTON
CIVIL SOCIETY CAN AND SHOULD CONSTITUTE A VIRTUOUS
0EACE !CCORDS "OSNIA AND
CIRCLE AND SERVE TO UNDERPIN ALL THE INNOVA
(ERZEGOVINA FOUND ITSELF AT A SIGNIFICANT
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JUNCTURE IN ITS HISTORY )T OPENED NEGOTI
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-/
3UCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF ALL THESE IS ESSENTIAL
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"UT AS WE SHIFT FROM hHARDv TO hSOFTv PEACE
WE HAVE EVER BEEN !LTHOUGH WE STILL HAVE A LONG ROAD TO TRAVEL OUR CITIZENS
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NOW HAVE A MUCH CLEARER VIEW OF THE HORIZON
FOLLOWS THE OPENING OF THE 3!! WE WILL RELY
!LONGSIDE THEIR EFFORTS IN TRANSFORMING THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPE "I(
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AUTHORITIES HAVE ALSO BEEN TACKLING REFORMS IN THE DEFENCE SECTOR 3TARTING ON
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*ANUARY INSTEAD OF THREE MINISTRIES OF DEFENCE WE WILL HAVE ONLY ONE
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OUR LEADERS IN ESPECIALLY THOSE OF 2EPUBLIKA 3RPSKA IS TESTIMONY TO OUR
HAVE MUCH TO DO )T WILL INCREASINGLY PROVIDE
DETERMINATION TO FULFIL OUR OBLIGATIONS
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4O PREPARE THE WAY AHEAD THE LEADERS OF EIGHT MAJOR POLITICAL PARTIES
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RECENTLY HELD TALKS IN "RUSSELS AND 7ASHINGTON $# TO EXPLORE CONSTITUTIONAL
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IN WHICH THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY NEEDS TO
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HAND OVER THE LEAD RESPONSIBILITY FOR REFORM TO
STRATING OUR READINESS TO MAKE MAJOR DECISIONS
THE "I( AUTHORITIES 4HE /3#% -ISSION WILL NEED
7E CONSIDER THE /3#% NAME SYNONYMOUS WITH PROFESSIONALISM AND SKILL IN
TO BE IN THE THICK OF THIS DISCUSSION OVER THE NEXT
CARRYING OUT REFORMS THAT ARE RELEVANT TO EACH AND EVERY "I( CITIZEN RAISING
YEAR OR SO 7E NEED TO GET THE FORMULA RIGHT
DEMOCRATIC STANDARDS ASSISTING REFUGEES TO RETURN IMPLEMENTING PROPERTY LAWS
$ESPITE THE PROGRESS EVINCED BY THE OPENING OF
MONITORING WAR
CRIMES TRIALS AND HELPING BRING ABOUT THE MANY CHANGES IN OUR
3!! NEGOTIATIONS IT IS FOOLISH TO THINK THAT SCARS
DEFENCE EDUCATION AND JUDICIARY SYSTEMS 4HE EXCELLENT RESULTS SPEAK FOR THEM
THAT RUN SO DEEP WILL HEAL THEMSELVES QUICKLY
SELVES
)T TAKES DECADES TO CHANGE THE CHIP IN PEOPLES
$ESPITE THESE ACHIEVEMENTS WE NEED THE CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT OF THE
BRAINS !NYONE WHO THINKS THAT THE "OSNIAS
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
%5 ACCESSION PROCESS WILL BE THE SAME AS SAY
4HE /3#%S EXPERTISE EXPERIENCE AND THREE
DIMENSIONAL APPROACH HAVE
,ITHUANIAS SHOULD VISIT 3ARAJEVO AND 3REBRENICA
PROVED ESPECIALLY RELEVANT TO "I( WHICH IS WHY WE WELCOME THE /RGANIZATIONS
7E NEED TO OFFER TAILOR
MADE SOLUTIONS FOR THE
NEW INSTRUMENTS AND INITIATIVES AIMED AT COMBATING TERRORISM AND ORGANIZED
VERY COMPLEX CHALLENGES THAT THIS COUNTRY CON
CRIME AND PREVENTING TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS )N COMBINING OUR EFFORTS TO
TINUES TO POSE !ND WE NEED TO PULL ALL THOSE ELE
TACKLE THESE THREATS WE REALIZE HOW ESSENTIAL IT IS TO INTENSIFY CROSS
BORDER CO
MENTS TOGETHER AS A DETERMINED TEAM 7E SHOULD
OPERATION IN THE REGION
NOT EXPECT THE SOLUTIONS TO COME OVERNIGHT
9OU CAN COUNT ON THE SUPPORT OF "OSNIA AND (ERZEGOVINA FOR PROJECTS AND
PEACE
BUILDING IS MEASURED IN DECADES
ACTIVITIES TO BE UNDERTAKEN BY THE /3#% AND ITS INSTITUTIONS IN THE COMING
"UT IN THE END HOW THESE CHALLENGES ARE
YEARS
RESOLVED IS NOT UP TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMU
NITY )T IS UP TO THE PEOPLE OF "I(
*ANUARY /3#% -AGAZINE
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