Caption Texts

Activity 1

A. Observe this picture and its caption with your friend carefully. Then, make some comments
concerning the picture

A backhoe is finally able to get a bus on its wheel on Monday, march 28, 2010 after being hit by a ten-
wheel truck carrying cement and falling together with the truck into a ravine about 100 kilometers north
of the Shan State border town of Tachilek twelve days before. Thirteen people, including the driver, were
killed and 38 passengers were injured in the accident on Tachilek-kengtung Highway

What a scary accident! Hope the

victims rest in peace
 Activity 2
A. Caption Text Structure

Caption adalah tulisan singkat yang melengkapi suatu gambar. Caption biasanya digunakan
untuk memberiakn penekanan suatu content artikel, laporan, essay dan lainnya. Menurut kamus
caption berarti explanation for a picture or illustration, yaitu penjelasan untuk gambar atau
ilustrasi.
Caption lebih menitikberatkan pada kata-kata dalam suatu gambar atau ilustrasi berbeda dengan
gambar lucu, gambar bertuliskan motivasi, kartu ucapan cinta, ungkapan selamat pada gambar,
dan lainnya.

Caption
When you analyze or write a photo caption, there are some rules that you have to follow.
1. Supply specific information (answering 5WH-questions).
a. Who/ what is that?
b. When did it happen?
c. Where did it happen?
d. Why did it happen?
e. How did it happen?
2. Use the present tense to describe action in the photo.
The first sentence is often written in the Simple Present Tense to give the sense of immediacy. The
following sentence is written in the Simple Past Tense.
3. Captions are written in a complete sentence-mostly a declarative sentence. One or two sentence(s) are
enough to describe a photo, but if more explanation is needed, a caption may have three sentences.
4. Clearly identify the people and location that appear in the photo. Mind the correct spellings of names.
5. For photographs of more than one person, identify from left to right. In case of large groups, identify only
the notable people.
Never include personal feelings. Avoid descriptive terms that interpret personal feelings,
such as beautiful, scary, sad, and lovely. In captions, facts without involving personal
emotion are what should be given to readers. The feelings and emotions are for readers to
decide.

B. The Simple Present Tense

The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It is used to describe habits,
unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed arrangements. The simple present tense is simple to form. Just
use the base form of the verb: (I take, you take, we take, they take) The 3rd person singular takes an -s at the end.
(He takes, she takes).

The Simple Present Tense is used:

To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city (general truth)
To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
 To express fixed arrangements, present or future:
Your exam starts at 09.00
To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.

Be careful! The simple present is not used to express actions happening now.
Example:

For habits
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly.
For repeated actions or events
we catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer.
For general truths
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
For instructions or directions
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
For fixed arrangements
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March
With future constructions
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Notes On The Simple Present Tense, Third Person Singular

In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the infinitive of
the verb.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
Verbs ending in -y : the third person changes the -y to -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays
Add -es to verbs ending in:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes

Example:
He goes to school every morning.
She understands English.
It mixes the sand and the water.
He tries very hard.
She enjoys playing the piano.

C. The Simple Past Tense

The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite, is used to talk about a completed action in a
time before now. The simple past is the basic form of past tense in English. The time of the action can be
in the recent past or the distant past and action duration is not important.

EXAMPLES
John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
My father died last year.
He lived in Fiji in 1976.
We crossed the Channel yesterday.

You always use the simple past when you say when something happened, so it is associated with certain
past time expressions

frequency: often, sometimes, always

I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school.
a definite point in time: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work atseven o'clock
I went to the theatre last night
an indefinite point in time: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in caves a long
time ago.
She played the piano when she was a child.

Note: the word ago is a useful way of expressing the distance into the past. It is placed after the period of
time: a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.

Be Careful: The simple past in English may look like a tense in your own language, but the meaning may
be different.

NOTES ON AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE, & INTERROGATIVE FORMS

AFFIRMATIVE
The affirmative of the simple past tense is simple.
I was in Japan last year
She had a headache yesterday.
We did our homework last night.

NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE

For the negative and interrogative simple past form of "do" as an ordinary verb, use the
auxiliary "do", e.g. We didn't do our homework last night.
The negative of "have" in the simple past is usually formed using the auxiliary "do", but sometimes by
simply adding not or the contraction "n't".
The interrogative form of "have" in the simple past normally uses the auxiliary "do".

EXAMPLES
They weren't in Rio last summer.
We didn't have any money.
 We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
We didn't do our exercises this morning.
Were they in Iceland last January?
Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?

Note: For the negative and interrogative form of all verbs in the simple past, always use the
auxiliary 'did''.

SIMPLE PAST, IRREGULAR VERBS

Some verbs are irregular in the simple past. Here are the most common ones.
TO GO
He went to a club last night.
Did he go to the cinema last night?
He didn't go to bed early last night.
TO GIVE
We gave her a doll for her birthday.
They didn't give John their new address.
Did Barry give you my passport?
TO COME
My parents came to visit me last July.
We didn't come because it was raining.
Did he come to your party last week?

Activity 3.
A. Read the following caption and complete the boxes with the headings of the information. One has been
done for you as an example.

What is happening?

A backhoe is finally able to get a bus on its wheel on Monday, march 28, 2010 after being hit by a ten-
wheel truck carrying cement and falling together with the truck into a ravine about 100 kilometers north
of the Shan State border town of Tachilek twelve days before. Thirteen people, including the driver,
were killed and 38 passengers were injured in the accident on Tachilek-kengtung Highway
 D. In group of four, answer he follows questions.

Caption 1

A school bus is towed following a collision What happened?

with a car on the Major Deagan Expressway (1-
87) in the Bronx on Friday, Sept. 30, 2005. Where?
There were no major injuries reported among When?
the 42 students and eight adults on board from
St. Joseph School in the Bronx. (AP Photo/John Who?
Smock)

Caption 2

June 9, 2005 - Kabul, Afghanistan - A child severely What happened?

burned by a car bomb yesterday receives care at the Indira Where?
Gandi Institute of Child Medicine. Doctors are struggling
with limited medicines to treat the growing number of When?
child victims, whose injuries are often compounded by Who?
other medical problems, such as poor nutrition that
diminishes a childs ability to heal. John Smock/SIPA

Caption 3

(L-R) New York City Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, New

York City Schools Chancellor Joel Klien, and Deputy What happened?
mayor for Education Denis Wolcott, at PS 40 in Brooklyn Where?
on Thursday, Sept. 22,2005, announce the highest scores for
When?
the 4th graders of New York City public schools on state
math exams since standards-based testing began four years Who?
ago.

E. Find two photo captions from Indonesian newspaper and analyze whether they follow the same rules
as the ones mentioned above.
 Activity 4
A. In groups of four, analyze the photo and its caption according to rules in writing captions

a. Picture 1 b. Picture 2

Indonesian President Jo ko Widodo, center, in It wasn't until reaching the lower sections of the
white shirt, visits the site of a bomb blast at course that riders got to enjoy more dirt than rocks.
Thamrin business district in Jakarta, Jan. 14, 2016 Felipe DeSousa seemed to enjoy the transition on
his way to a 2nd-place finish in the crowded Cat 2
No Criteria Yes No
19-29 field. Taking the win in the category was
(v) (v)
Jacob Brewer, one of three Brewers, including Ben
1 5 WH-questions
and Dan, to take home category wins at Blue
2 The use of present tense
No Criteria Yes No
3 Completeness of sentences (v) (v)
4 Clear identification of people and 1 5 WH-questions
location 2 The use of present tense
5 Personal feeling Completeness of sentences
3
4 Clear identification of people and
location
5 Personal feeling
c. Picture 3 d. Picture 4

Mtbr recently posted this photo on Facebook as our

 Roots were also in abundance. Michael
Maldonado, who just turned 12, had his best
result of the year with a 2nd-place finish in the
14-and-under cat. Maldonado, a well-traveled
young racer, said, "I loved all of the tracks that
the Eastern States Cup had this year but Blue
Mountain suited my riding style best. It was rocky
and really fast! I felt really good after riding in the
mud during practice on Saturday. It was so much
fun!"
No Criteria Yes No
(v) (v)
1 5 WH-questions
2 The use of present tense
3 Completeness of sentences
4 Clear identification of people and
location
5 Personal feeling
F. Match the captions (1-4) with the photos (A-D) below.
latest Photo Caption Contest. We received an
overwhelming response of entries (477
comments!), but the caption Cow
Back. by Chris Williams was the clear winner
with 23 likes!
Congrats Chris! You are the lucky winner of our prize
giveaway that includes Mtbr topcaps, Fyxation flat
pedals and a Gnar Lube care package.
Check out some of the other top captions:
Mike Kammerer oh crap, wrong gear! (12
likes)
Greg Flood On your left! (10 likes)
Steven Antalek And thats how she got the name
Patty. (7 likes)
Geoff Baker Roadie. Its whats for dinner. (6
likes)
Garth Gourley Someones running SRAM
Red. (6 likes)
Doug Riegner Carbon road bike $3000. Cycling
shoes $200. Trying to outrun a Mad cow
while boyfriend takes a picture- priceless! (6 likes)
Tom Brown (Guy in the back:) Dude, do you
think we should help Kelly out? (Other guy:) No
shes got it. (6 likes)
John Proc That beef jerky in your back pocket.
was his brother (5 likes)
Kelen Len Tighten up that pace line! (5 likes)
Home E. Lama Thats why there is no Tour de
Omaha. (5 likes)
Stuart Hopson Biking of the bulls (5 likes)
Kyle Maxwell LESS COWBELL!!! (5 likes)
Aaron Jozwick I want the prizes so please like
this instead of reading another stupid-not-
funny caption. (4 likes)
Michael McColgan This is what happens when
they get the cow drunk at RAGRBRAI! (4 likes)
Pieter van der Weij Mooooooove! (4 likes)
Devon James Cows hate roadies too (4 likes)
Francis Cebedo White Bull it gives you
wings. (4 likes)
No Criteria Yes No
(v) (v)
1 5 WH-questions
2 The use of present tense
3 Completeness of sentences
4 Clear identification of people and
location
5 Personal feeling
Captions (1-4) :
1. The heavy rains forced seven of the city's many bayous out of their banks and created flooding in
parts of the city that had not flooded for many years
2. Hundreds of residents had to be rescued yesterday and today after becoming trapped in their vehicles
or homes
3. One boy on a bicycle drags a boat with another child behind him along the water covered roads
4. The devastating floods also forced more than a thousand from their homes while hundreds were
rescued after becoming trapped in their vehicles or houses. Houston floods

Photos (A-D):
A. B.

The Caption for this Picture (A) is number.. The Caption for this Picture (B) is number..
C. D.

The Caption for this Picture (C) is number.. The Caption for this Picture (D) is number..
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3549921/College-student-25-named-eighth-victim-deadly-Houston-floods-pictures-emerge-
Texans-lost-lives-disaster.html#ixzz4q1JYOLMY
Follow us: @MailOnline on Twitter | DailyMail on Facebook

E. Make a photo caption

1. Write your own photo caption. The photo has been original (You take the photo).
2. Publish your photo and its caption on the bulletin board in the classroom.
3. Ask your friend to comment on your photo and the caption using the rubric below.

Assessment Rubric for Photo Caption Writing

No Criteria Score
1 Headline/Title (max score 25 pts.)
Include a clever title that is verbally linked to the photo
2 Identification (max score 25 pts.)
Explain exactly what is going on in the photo. Name all visible people
3 Rules (max score 20 pts.)
Use correctly the rules of 5WH-questions.
4 Sentences (max scores 10 pts.)
Use no more than 2 complete sentences in the present tense.
5 Secondary info (max score 10 pts.)
Add information that is not obvious from the photo and is written in the past tense
6 Photo Credits (max score 5 pts.)
Include the photographers name
Total Score

Result:

Expert : 86-100 pts.

Good mastery : 51-85 pts.
Insufficient mastery : 26-50 pts.
Poor : 0-25 pts.

SELF-REFLECTION
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