FRACCIONES ALGEBRICAS

SUMA:
Ejerc 9:
Ejerc 1:
xa 3a 2 x 2
a 1 a2 a6
2 2 = x 3a x 2 9a 2
a 4 a a 6 a 5a 6
2

RESTA:
Ejerc 2:
Ejerc 10:
1 1 1
2
3x 3 2 x 2 x 1 x 1 x2

4 x 4 8x 8
Ejerc 3:

1 x y Ejerc 11:
2
3x 2 y 9 x 4 y 2
a2 7a a3
2
Ejerc 4: 2a 2 8a 8 4a 4
x ax a

a ax
2
ax ax x 2

Ejerc 5:
Ejerc 12:
3 x 1 x8
2
2x 4 2x 4 x 4 1 1 1

4a 4 8a 8 12a 12
2

Ejerc 6:
Ejerc 13:
2 2

a ab ab b 2
2
2 1 3
2 2
2 x 5x 3 2 x x 6 x x 2
2

Ejerc 7:

x5 x4 x3 MULTIPLICACIN
2 2
x x 12 x 2 x 15 x 9 x 20
2
Ejerc 14:
xy 2 y 2 x 2 2 xy y 2

x 2 xy x 2 2 xy

Ejerc 8:

ab a

9a b
2 2
3a b
1
Ejerc 15: Ejerc 22:

2 x 2 2 x x 2 3x 1
2
2

2
2x 2 x 2x 3 a a 30 a a 42
2

Ejerc 16:
Ejerc 23:
a ab a b
2
3
2 20 x 2 30 x 4 x 6
a 2a 1 6a 6ab
2

15 x 2 15 x 3 x 1
Ejerc 17:
Ejerc 24:
( x y) 3 x 2 x 1
a 2 6a 5 a 2 2a 35
x 3 1 ( x y) 2
a 2 15a 56 a 2 5a 24

Ejerc 25:
Ejerc 18:
8 x 2 26 x 15 6 x 2 13x 5
1 x a 2a x
2 2
16 x 2 9 6x 2 1
a 1 x x2 a
Ejerc 26:
Ejerc 19:
a 4 1 a 4 4a 3
x 2 2x x 2 2x 8 x 2 4x
a 3 a 2 3a 3 9a 2
x 2 16 x3 x 2 x 2 4x 4
Ejerc 27:
DIVISIN
x 3 125 x 3 5 x 2 25 x

Ejerc 20: x 2 64 x 2 x 56

a 2 6a 5 a 2 2a 35 Ejerc 28:

a 2 15a 56 a 2 5a 24
a 2 6a a 2 3a 54

a 3 3a 2 a 2 9a
Ejerc 21:

3a 2 5a 3

a 2 6ab 9b 2 a 2b 3ab 2

2
 SOLUCIONES
SUMA:

Ejerc 1:
a 1 a2 a6 a 1 a2 a6
2 2 = =
a 4 a a 6 a 5a 6
2
(a 2)(a 2) (a 3)(a 2) (a 3)(a 2)
(a 3)(a 1) (a 2) 2 (a 2)(a 6) a 2 4a 3 a 2 4a 4 a 2 8a 12 3a 2 19
= = = 2
(a 2)(a 2)(a 3) (a 2)(a 2)(a 3) (a 4)(a 3)

Ejerc 2:
1 1 1 1 1 1 2( x 1) 3( x 1) 6 5x 7
2
3x 3 2 x 2 x 1 3( x 1) 2( x 1) ( x 1)( x 1) 6( x 1)( x 1) 6( x 1)( x 1)

Ejerc 3:
1 x y 1 x y 3x 2 y x y 4x y
2
3x 2 y 9 x 4 y 2
3x 2 y (3x 2 y)(3x 2 y) (3x 2 y)(3x 2 y ) (9 x 2 4 y 2 )

Ejerc 4:
x ax a x ax a x ( x ) a x ( a x ) a ( a ) x2 a 2 x2 a 2

a 2 ax ax ax x 2 a(a x) ax x(a x) ax(a x) ax(a x)
2a 2

ax(a x)

Ejerc 5:
3 x 1 x8 3 x 1 x8 3( x 2) ( x 1)( x 2) ( x 8)2
2
2 x 4 2 x 4 x 4 2( x 2) 2( x 2) ( x 2)( x 2) ax(a x)
3x 6 x2 x 2 2 x 16 x2 6 x 8

2( x 2)( x 2) 2( x 2)( x 2)

Ejerc 6:
2 2 2 2 2b(a b) 2a(a b) 2ab 2b2 2a2 2ab 2a2 2b2

a 2 ab ab b 2 a(a b) b(a b) ab(a b)(a b) ab(a2 b ) ab(a 2 b2 )
2

Ejerc 7:

x5 x4 x3 x5 x4 x3
2 2
x x 12 x 2 x 15 x 9 x 20 ( x 4)( x 3) ( x 5)( x 3) ( x 4)( x 5)
2

( x 5)( x 5) ( x 4)( x 4) ( x 3)( x 3) x 10 x 25 x 8 x 16 x 6 x 9 3x2 12 x 50

2 2 2

( x 4)( x 3)( x 5) ( x 4)( x 3)( x 5) ( x 4)( x 5)

3
Ejerc 8:
ab a ab a ab(3a b) a(3a b) 3 a 2b ab 2 3a 2 ab ab (3a b)a

9a 2 b 2 3a b (3a b) 3a b (3a b)(3a b) (9a 2 b 2 ) 9a 2 b
2

3a2

9a 2 b2

Ejerc 9:

x a 3a 2 x 2 xa 3a2 x2 ( x 3a )( x a) 3a2 x2 x2 2ax 3a 2 3a2 x2

2
x 3a x 9a 2 x 3a ( x 3a)( x 3a) ( x 3a)( x 3a ) x2 9a2
2ax
2
x 9a 2

RESTA

Ejerc 10:
x 1 x2 x 1 x2 2( x 2 2 x 1) ( x 2 3x 2) 2 x 2 4 2 x 2 3x 2 x 2 7 x

4 x 4 8 x 8 4( x 1) 8( x 1) 8( x 1)( x 1) 8( x 1)( x 1) 8( x 2 1)

Ejerc 11:
a2 7a a3 (a 2)(4(a 1) 7a (2(a 1))(a 3)

2a 2 8a 8
2
4a 4 8(a 1)(a 1)
2(a 1) 8(a 1)(a 1) 4(a 1)
m.c.m 8(a 1)(a 1)

4a 2 4a 8 7a 2a 2 4a 6 2a2 a 2

8(a 1)(a 1) 8(a 2 1)

Ejerc 12:

1 1 1 1 1 1 6(a 1)(a 2 1) 3(a 1)(a2 1) 2(a 1)(a 1)

4a 4 8a 8 12a 2 12 4(a 1) 8(a 1) 12(a 2 1) 24(a 1)(a 1)(a2 1)
6a 3 6a 2 6a 6 3a 3 3a 2 3a 3 2a 2 2 3a 3 11a 2 3a 7 3a 11a 2 3a 7

24(a 1)(a 1)(a 2 1) 24(a 2 1)(a 2 1) 24(a 4 1)

Ejerc 13:

4
 2 1 3 2( x 2) ( x 1) 3(2 x 3) 2 x 4 x 1 6 x 9
2
2 x 5x 3
2
2x x 6
2
x x2 (2 x 3)( x 1)( x 2) (2 x 3)( x 1)( x 2)
(2 x 3)( x 1) ( x 2)(2 x 3) ( x 2)( x 1)
7x 4

(2 x 3)( x 1)( x 2)

MULTIPLICACIN

Ejerc 14:
xy 2 y 2 x 2 2 xy y 2 y ( x 2 y ) ( x y )( x y ) y ( x y )

x xy
2
x 2 xy
2
x( x y ) x( x 2 y ) x2

Ejerc 15:
2 x 2 2 x x 2 3x 2 x( x 1) x( x 3) 2 x( x) 2 x 2
2 1
2x 2 x 2x 3 2x 2 ( x 3)( x 1) 2x 2 2x 2
Ejerc 16:
a 2 ab a b 3 (a 2 a) (ab b) 3 a(1 a) b(a 1) 3 3 (a b ) 1

a 2a 1 6a 6ab
2 2
(a 1)(a 1) 6a ( a b) (a 1)(a 1) 6a(a b) 6a(a b) 2a(a 1)

Ejerc 17:
( x y) 3 x 2 x 1 ( x y) 3 x3 x 1 ( x y) 3 ( x y)

x 1 ( x y) ( x 1)( x x 1) ( x y ) ( x 1)( x y) ( x 1)
3 2 2 2 2

Ejerc 18:
1 x a 2 2a x 2 1 x a(a 1) x 2 x 2
x
a 1 x x 2 a a 1 x(1 x) a x

Ejerc 19:
x 2 2x x 2 2x 8 x 2 4x x( x 2) ( x 2)( x 4) x( x 4) x 2 ( x 2)( x 2)( x 4) 2
2 2
x 2 16 x3 x 2 x 4 x 4 ( x 4)( x 4) x 2 ( x 1) ( x 2)( x 2) x ( x 1) ( x 2) 2 ( x 4)( x 4)
( x 2)) x 4)

( x 1)( x 2)( x 4)

DIVISIN

Ejerc 20:
a 2 6a 5 a 2 2a 35 (a 5)(a 1) (a 7)(a 5) (a 5)(a 1) (a 8)(a 3)
= =
a 15a 56 a 5a 24
2 2
(a 7)(a 8) (a 8)(a 3) (a 7)(a 8) (a 7)(a 5)
(a 1)(a 3) a 2 2a 3
=
(a 7)(a 7) a 2 49

Ejerc 21:

5
 3a 2 5a 3 3a 2 ab(a 3b) 3b

a 6ab 9b
2 2
a b 3ab
2 2
(a 3b) 2
5a 3
5(a 3b)

Ejerc 22:

1 2 1 (a 7)(a 6) (a 7) a7
2
a a 30 a a 42 (a 6)(a 5)
2
2 (a 5)2 2a 10

Ejerc 23:
20 x 2 30 x 4 x 6 10 x(2 x 3) x 1 10 x 2

15 x 15 x
2 3
x 1 15 x (1 x) 2(2 x 3) 15 x
2 2
3x

Ejerc 24:
a 2 6a 5 a 2 2a 35 (a 5)(a ) (a 8)(a 3) (a 1)(a 3) a 2 2a 3
=
a 2 15a 56 a 2 5a 24 (a 7)(a 8) (a 7)(a 5) (a 7)(a 7) a 2 49

Ejerc 25:
8 x 2 26 x 15 6 x 2 13x 5 (2 x 5)(4 x 3) (3x 1)(3x 1) 3x 1

16 x 2 9 6x 2 1 (4 x 3)(4 x 3) (2 x 5)(3x 1) 4 x 3

Ejerc 26:
a 4 1 a 4 4a 3 (a 2 1)(a 2 1) 3a 2 (a 3) 3(a 1)(a 3)

a a
3 2
3a 9a
3 2
a (a 1)
2
(a 3)(a 1)
2 2
a2 3

Ejerc 27:
x3 125 x3 5 x 2 25 x ( x 5)( x 2 5 x 25) ( x 8)( x 7) ( x 5)( x 7)

x 64
2
x x 56
2
( x 8)( x 8) x( x 5 x 25)
2
( x 8) x

Ejerc 28:

a 2 6a a 2 3a 54 (a)(a 6) a(a 9) 1
2
a 3a
3 2
a 9a
2
a (a 3) (a 6)(a 9) a 3