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Resumen
Abstract
Objetives To know the answer in the field the odontolgy the two anesthetic
premises that are used habitually, like are articaine and lidocaine, as well as the
adverse effects that could be generated on the SNC, the cardiovascular controls and
structures of the infiltration area.
Patients: They were included in the study 264 distributed patients in a random way
in two groups of 198 and 66 patients that received articana and lidocana
respectively whose ages were between the 19 and 56 years.
Methods: The patients were controlled by means of oximeter BPM 200 before
beginning the procedure, after the anesthesia, when beginning the extraction and
concluded this. The blood pressure was controlled by means of digital
sphygmomanometer OMRON M4-I. The anesthetic ones used went lidocaine to the 2
% with epinephrine and articaine to 4 % with epinephrine, both to a concentration
of 1: 100.000. The statistical analysis was made by means of the analysis of the
variance. It was analyzed by means of the statistical package SPSS version 11
implemented for PC. The level of trust was of 80 % in the detection of the relative
risk, with a range of the 1.84 or greater, one and of 0.54 or minor, for a level of
significance of 0,05.
Resumo
Mtodos: Os pacientes eram controlados por meio do oxmetro BPM 200 antes de
comear o procedimento, aps o anestesia, ao comear a extrao e concludo isto.
A presso de sangue era controlada por meio do sphygmomanometer digital
OMRON M4-I. Anestsicos usados foram lidocaine aos 2 % com epinephrine e
articaine a 4 % com epinephrine, ambos a uma concentrao de 1: 100.000. A
anlise estatstica foi feita por meio da anlise da variao. Foi analisado por meio
da verso estatstica 11 do pacote SPSS executada para o PC. O nvel da confiana
era de 80 % na deteo do risco relativo, com uma escala do 1.84 ou mais grande,
um e de 0.54 ou menor, para um nvel de um significado de 0.05.
concluso
Introduccin
Las molculas anestsicas locales, estn formadas por una parte aromtica unida
por un ster o una amida a una cadena lateral bsica. Estas sustancias son bases
dbiles, que se ionizan a pH fisiolgico aunque no de forma completa, esta
circunstancia es fundamental con respecto a la capacidad de penetrar la vaina
nerviosa y la membrana del axn, por lo que los derivados cuaternarios que se
ionizan de forma completa independientemente del pH son ineficaces como
anestsicos locales (4). Los compuestos que tienen steres suelen activarse en el
plasma y en los tejidos por estearasas no especficas. Las amidas son ms estables
y estos anestsicos tienen en general, una semivida plasmtica ms larga. (5). Los
anestsicos locales bloquean el inicio y la propagacin de los potenciales de accin,
bloqueando as mismo, los canales del Na + (6).
Pacientes y mtodos
Resultados
Fuente: propia
Figura 1. Saturacin de O2
* Tiempo de intervencin:
1= Al sentarse el paciente en el silln
2= Al realizar la inyeccin de anestsico
3= En el momento de la extraccin
4= Al finalizar la extraccin
Fuente: propia
* Tiempo de intervencin:
1= Al sentarse el paciente en el silln
2= Al realizar la inyeccin de anestsico
3= En el momento de la extraccin
4= Al finalizar la extraccin
Fuente: propia
Fuente: propia
Discusin
De los datos obtenidos se puede decir que tanto la lidocana como la articana
asociadas a epinefrina, pueden considerarse como anestsicos locales, adecuados y
seguros en la prctica odontoestomatolgica. Que los efectos hemodinmicas que
se producen como consecuencia de su utilizacin pueden estar inducidos por las
catecolaminas. Hay que tener singular cuidado en la utilizacin de estos
anestsicos locales en pacientes hipertensos o con problemas cardiocirculatorios,
por lo que sera conveniente el control con pulsioxmetro de estos pacientes (29),
durante las actuaciones odontolgicas, para poder valorar los cambios de la
frecuencia cardiaca, la saturacin de oxigeno y la presin arterial.
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