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UNIVERSIDAD CATLICA BOLIVIANA SAN PABLO

UNIDAD ACADMICA REGIONAL COCHABAMBA


Carrera de Ing. Telecomunicaciones

LABORATORIO 2
OSPF

Estudiantes:
Julio Chvez Hidalgo
Rodrigo Huaranca Morales
Ariel Rasguido Copa

Materia:
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Cochabamba Bolivia
22 de septiembre 2017
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

1.- Marco Terico .................................................................................................................. 2


1.1.- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) ............................................................................................ 2
1.1.2.- Ventajas............................................................................................................................ 2
1.1.3.- Algoritmo de la Trayectoria ms Corta Primero (SPF) ..................................................... 2
1.1.4.- Areas ................................................................................................................................ 3
1.1.5.- Tipos de router en OSPF................................................................................................... 3
1.1.6.- DR y BDR........................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.7.- Redistribucin de rutas en OSPF ...................................................................................... 4
1.1.7.1.- Rutas externas E1 y E2 .............................................................................................. 5

2.- Procedimiento .................................................................................................................. 6


2.1.- Esquema ................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2.- Configuracin Bsica de reas por Routers .......................................................................... 6
2.3.- Objetivos................................................................................................................................. 8
2.3.1.- Objetivo 1 ......................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.2.- Objetivo 2 ....................................................................................................................... 12
2.3.3.- Objetivo 3 ....................................................................................................................... 17
2.3.4.- Objetivo 4 ....................................................................................................................... 23
2.3.5.- Objetivo 5 ....................................................................................................................... 24
2.3.6.- Objetivo 6 ....................................................................................................................... 25

3.- Conclusiones .................................................................................................................... 27


4.- Bibliografia........................................................................................................................ 27

1|Pgina
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

CONFIGURACIN DE UN CORE OSPF


1.- Marco Terico
1.1.- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) es un protocolo de direccionamiento de tipo enlace-estado,


desarrollado para las redes IP y basado en el algoritmo de primera va ms corta (SPF). OSPF
es un protocolo de Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP).

1.1.2.- Ventajas

Las ventajas principales de OSPF son las siguientes:


En comparacin con los protocolos de direccionamiento de distancia-vector como
el protocolo de informacin de direccionamiento (RIP), OSPF es ms adecuado para
servir entre redes de gran tamao. OSPF puede recalcular las rutas en muy poco
tiempo cuando cambia la topologa de la red.
Con OSPF, puede dividir un sistema autnomo (AS) en reas y mantenerlas
separadas para disminuir el trfico de direccionamiento de OSPF y el tamao de la
base de datos de enlace-estado de cada rea.
OSPF proporciona un direccionamiento multiva de coste equivalente. Se pueden
aadir rutas duplicadas a la pila TCP utilizando saltos siguientes distintos.

1.1.3.- Algoritmo de la Trayectoria ms Corta Primero (SPF)

OSPF usa un algoritmo de trayectoria ms corta primero para construir y calcular la


trayectoria ms corta a todos los destinos conocidos. La trayectoria ms corta se calcula con
el uso del algoritmo Dijkstra. El algoritmo en s mismo es muy complicado. La siguiente es
una forma simplificada de nivel muy elevado de analizar los diversos pasos del algoritmo:

En la inicializacin y debido a cualquier cambio en la informacin de ruteo, un router


genera un anuncio de estado de link. Este anuncio representa la coleccin de todos
los estados de link en ese router.

Todos los routers intercambian estados de link mediante inundacin. Cada router
que recibe una actualizacin de estado de link debe almacenar una copia en su base
de datos de estados de link y a continuacin propagar la actualizacin a otros
routers.

Una vez que la base de datos de cada router est completa, el router calcula un rbol
de trayectoria ms corta a todos los destinos. El router utiliza el algoritmo Dijkstra

2|Pgina
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

para calcular el rbol de trayectoria ms corta. Los destinos, el costo asociado y el


salto siguiente para alcanzar dichos destinos forman la tabla de IP Routing.

En caso de que no ocurran cambios en la red OSPF, tales como el costo de un link, o
el agregado o eliminacin de una red, OSPF debera permanecer muy tranquila.
Cualquier cambio que ocurra se comunica a travs de los paquetes de estado de link,
y el algoritmo Dijkstra se recalcula para encontrar la trayectoria ms corta.

El algoritmo coloca cada router en la raz de un rbol y calcula la trayectoria ms corta a


cada destino basndose en el costo acumulativo necesario para alcanzar ese destino. Cada
router dispondr de su propia vista de la topologa, a pesar de que todos los routers crearn
un rbol de trayectoria ms corta usando la misma base de datos de estados de link

1.1.4.- Areas

OSPF organiza un sistema autnomo (AS) en reas. Estas reas son grupos lgicos
de routers cuya informacin se puede resumir para el resto de la red. Un rea es una unidad
de encaminamiento, es decir, todos los routers de la misma rea mantienen la misma
informacin topolgica en su base de datos de estado-enlace (Link State Database): de esta
forma, los cambios en una parte de la red no tienen por qu afectar a toda ella, y buena
parte del trfico puede ser "parcelado" en su rea.

1.1.5.- Tipos de router en OSPF

Un router OSPF clsico es capaz de encaminar cualquier paquete destinado a cualquier


punto del rea en el que se encuentra (encaminamiento intra-rea). Para el
encaminamiento entre distintas reas del AS (encaminamiento inter-rea) y desde el AS
hacia el exterior (encaminamiento exterior), OSPF utiliza routers especiales que mantienen
una informacin topolgica ms completa que la del rea en la que se sitan. As, pueden
distinguirse:

Routers fronterizos de rea o Area Border Routers (ABR), que mantienen la


informacin topolgica de su rea y la conectan con el resto de las reas,
permitiendo encaminar paquetes a cualquier punto de la red (inter-area routing).
Routers fronterizos del Sistema Autnomo o Autonomous System Border
Routers (ASBR), que permiten encaminar paquetes fuera del AS en que se alojen, es
decir, a otras redes conectadas al Sistema Autnomo o resto de Internet (external
routing).

Un paquete generado en la red ser enviado, de forma jerrquica, a travs del rea si su
destino es conocido por el emisor; al ABR del rea correspondiente si el destino es inter-
rea; este lo enviar al router del rea de destino, si este se encuentra en el AS; o al ASBR si
el destino del paquete es exterior a la red (desconocida por el ABR).

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

1.1.6.- DR y BDR
Funcionamiento de OSPF en una topologa Multiacceso con difusin

Dado que el enrutamiento OSPF depende del estado de enlace entre dos routers, los
vecinos deben reconocerse entre s para compartir informacin. Este proceso se hace por
medio del protocolo Hello.*Un router se ve a s mismo listado en un paquete Hello que
recibe de un vecino* los paquetes se envan cada 10 segundos (forma predeterminada)
Utilizando la direccin de multidifusin 224.0.0.5.para declarar a un vecino cado el router
espera cuatro veces el tiempo del intervalo Hello (intervalo Dead).

En redes con difusin se lleva a cabo la eleccin de DR y BDR


Los routers de un entorno multiacceso, como un entorno ethernet, deben elegir un Router
Designado (DR) y un Router Designado de Reserva (BDR) para que representen a la red.

Un DR lleva a cabo tareas de envi y sincronizacin. El BDR solo actuara si el DR falla. Cada
router debe establecer una adyacencia con el DR y el BDR.

Eleccin de un DR y un BDR en una topologa Multiacceso con difusin


El router con el valor de prioridad ms alta es el Router Designado DR.
El router con el segundo valor es el router designado de reserva BDR.
El valor predeterminado de la prioridad OSPF de la interfaz es 1. Un router con
prioridad 0 no es elegible. En caso de empate se usa el ID de router.

ID DE ROUTER: Este nmero de 32 bits identifica nicamente al router dentro de un sistema


autnomo. La direccin IP ms alta de una interfaz activa se elige por defecto.
1.1.7.- Redistribucin de rutas en OSPF
La redistribucin de rutas en OSPF desde otros protocolos de ruteo o desde esttica har
que estos routers se conviertan en routers externos de OSPF. Para redistribuir las rutas en
OSPF, use el siguiente comando en el modo de configuracin del router:

redistribute protocol [process-id] [metric value][metric-type value] [subnets]

El ID del proceso y el protocolo son el protocolo que estamos inyectando en OSPF y su ID


del proceso, si existe. La mtrica es el costo que le asignamos a la ruta externa. Si no se
especifica una mtrica, OSPF coloca un valor predeterminado de 20 al redistribuir las rutas
de todos los protocolos con excepcin de las rutas BGP, que reciben una mtrica de 1.
Al redistribuir rutas en OSPF, si no se ha especificado la palabra clave subnets, solo se
redistribuyen las rutas que no estn constituidas en subredes.

4|Pgina
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

1.1.7.1.- Rutas externas E1 y E2


Las rutas externas se incluyen en dos categoras, tipo externo 1 y tipo externo 2. La
diferencia entre ellas es la forma en que se calcula el costo (mtrica) de la ruta. El costo de
una ruta tipo 2 es siempre el costo externo sin importar el costo interno para alcanzar esa
ruta. Un costo tipo 1 es la suma del costo externo y del costo interno que se utiliz para
alcanzar esa ruta. Una ruta tipo 1 siempre es preferible sobre una ruta tipo 2 para el mismo
destino. Esto se ilustra en el siguiente diagrama:

Como indica el diagrama anterior, RTA est volviendo a distribuir dos rutas externas en
OSPF. N1 y N2 tienen un costo externo de x. La nica diferencia es que N1 se redistribuye
en OSPF con un tipo de mtrica 1 y N2 se redistribuye con un tipo de mtrica 2. Si seguimos
las rutas desde el rea 1 al rea 0, el costo para alcanzar N2 visto desde RTB o RTC siempre
ser x. El costo interno a lo largo del camino no se considera. Por otro lado, el costo de
alcanzar N1 es incrementado por el costo interno. El costo es x+y como se puede observar
de RTB y x+y+z como se observa de RTC.
Si las rutas externas son ambas de tipo 2 y los costos externos a la red de destino son iguales,
entonces se selecciona como mejor trayecto el que presenta un menor costo hacia el ASBR.
A menos que se indique lo contrario, el tipo externo predeterminado que se especifica para
las rutas externas es el tipo 2.

5|Pgina
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

2.- Procedimiento
2.1.- Esquema

2.2.- Configuracin Bsica de reas por Routers

AREA 0
En R1:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#int f 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.30.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

En R2:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#int f 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.30.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit

En R3:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#int fa 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.30.0.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

AREA 10

En R2
R2(config)#int s 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.30.10.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#bandwidth
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit

En R5
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R5
R5(config)#int s 0/0
R5(config-if)#ip address 172.30.20.5 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#bandwidth
R5(config-if)#no shutdown
R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int loopback 1
R5(config-if)#ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int loopback 2
R5(config-if)#ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int loopback 3
R5(config-if)#ip address 10.10.2.1 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int loopback 4
R5(config-if)#ip address 10.10.3.1 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R5(config-if)#exit

AREA 20

En R3:
R3(config)#int s 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.30.20.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#bandwidth
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit

En R4:
Router>enable
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname R4

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R4(config)#int s 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 170.30.10.4 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#bandwidth
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config-if)#exit

R4(config)#int loopback 1
R4(config-if)#ip address 10.20.0.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R4(config-if)#exit

R4(config)#int loopback 2
R4(config-if)#ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R4(config-if)#exit

R4(config)#int loopback 3
R4(config-if)#ip address 10.20.2.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R4(config-if)#exit

R4(config)#int loopback 4
R4(config-if)#ip address 10.20.3.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R4(config-if)#exit

2.3.- Objetivos

2.3.1.- Objetivo 1
Configurar OSPF para el esquema de red mostrado. R1 se comportar como un ASBR
redistribuyendo una serie de rutas estticas en la red OSPF. Estas rutas NO DEBERIAN
incrementar su mtrica cuando pasan a travs de la red y deben tener un costo inicial
OSPF de 200. Todos los routers deben tener un router-id que refleje su hostname, y se
debe poder hacer ping a cada uno de estos router-id a travs de la red OSPF entera.

Rutas Estticas
R1#config t
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.0 null 0
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 null 0
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 null 0
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 null 0
R1(config)#exit

Configuracion OSPF
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#redistribute static subnets metric 200 metric-type 2
R1(config-router)#exit

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 172.30.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
R2(config-router)#exit

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 172.30.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R3(config-router)#exit

R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 172.30.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R4(config-router)#network 10.20.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R4(config-router)#network 10.20.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R4(config-router)#network 10.20.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R4(config-router)#network 10.20.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
R4(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
R4(config-router)#exit

R5(config)#router ospf 1
R5(config-router)#router-id 5.5.5.5
R5(config-router)#network 172.30.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
R5(config-router)#network 10.10.0.1 0.0.0.255 area 10
R5(config-router)#network 10.10.1.1 0.0.0.255 area 10
R5(config-router)#network 10.10.2.1 0.0.0.255 area 10
R5(config-router)#network 10.10.3.1 0.0.0.255 area 10
R5(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
R5(config-router)#exit

Verificacion de tablas de enrutamiento

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


S 172.16.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Null0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.30.20.0 [110/210] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0


O IA 172.30.10.0 [110/210] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
O IA 10.10.0.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.1.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.2.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:17, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.3.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.2.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.3.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.0.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.1.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:03:55, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:03:55, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:03:55, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:03:55, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.30.20.0 [110/210] via 172.30.0.3, 00:03:55, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.30.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
O 10.10.0.0 [110/201] via 172.30.10.5, 00:04:27, Serial0/0
O 10.10.1.0 [110/201] via 172.30.10.5, 00:04:27, Serial0/0
O 10.10.2.0 [110/201] via 172.30.10.5, 00:04:27, Serial0/0
O 10.10.3.0 [110/201] via 172.30.10.5, 00:04:29, Serial0/0
O IA 10.20.2.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:03:59, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.3.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:03:59, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.0.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:03:59, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.1.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:03:59, FastEthernet0/0
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

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Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:04:47, FastEthernet0/0


O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:04:47, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:04:47, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:04:47, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 172.30.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 172.30.10.0 [110/210] via 172.30.0.2, 00:04:49, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
O IA 10.10.0.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:04:49, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.1.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:04:49, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.2.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:04:49, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.10.3.0 [110/211] via 172.30.0.2, 00:04:50, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.20.2.0 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:05:30, Serial0/0
O 10.20.3.0 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:05:30, Serial0/0
O 10.20.0.0 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:05:30, Serial0/0
O 10.20.1.0 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:05:30, Serial0/0
R4#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:34, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:34, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:34, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:34, Serial0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 172.30.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
O IA 172.30.0.0 [110/210] via 172.30.20.3, 00:07:10, Serial0/0
O IA 172.30.10.0 [110/410] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:41, Serial0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
O IA 10.10.0.0 [110/411] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:41, Serial0/0
O IA 10.10.1.0 [110/411] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:41, Serial0/0
O IA 10.10.2.0 [110/411] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:41, Serial0/0
O IA 10.10.3.0 [110/411] via 172.30.20.3, 00:06:43, Serial0/0
C 10.20.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 10.20.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback4
C 10.20.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 10.20.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback2

11 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R5#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:38, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:38, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:38, Serial0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:38, Serial0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.30.20.0 [110/410] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:43, Serial0/0
O IA 172.30.0.0 [110/210] via 172.30.10.2, 00:08:13, Serial0/0
C 172.30.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
C 10.10.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 10.10.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback2
C 10.10.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 10.10.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback4
O IA 10.20.2.0 [110/411] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:46, Serial0/0
O IA 10.20.3.0 [110/411] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:46, Serial0/0
O IA 10.20.0.0 [110/411] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:46, Serial0/0
O IA 10.20.1.0 [110/411] via 172.30.10.2, 00:07:46, Serial0/0
2.3.2.- Objetivo 2
Despus de completar el paso inicial del laboratorio, uno de los routers del rea 0 se
convertir en DR y otro en BDR para el segmento Ethernet. Cul router se convertir en
DR y cul en BDR? Escribir DR y BDR al lado del router respectivo a continuacin.
R1
R2 BDR
R3 DR

R1#show ip ospf
* Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 1.1.1.1
Start time: 00:00:08.892, Time elapsed: 01:03:50.864
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
* It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
static with metric mapped to 200, includes subnets in redistribution
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs

12 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs


Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x021464
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 01:02:57.456 ago
SPF algorithm executed 4 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 12. Checksum Sum 0x058F4A
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

R2#show ip ospf
* Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 2.2.2.2
Start time: 00:00:09.124, Time elapsed: 01:06:13.816
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
*It is an area border router
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x021464
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0

13 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 01:05:20.400 ago
SPF algorithm executed 5 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 12. Checksum Sum 0x058F4A
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Area 10
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 01:06:10.484 ago
SPF algorithm executed 2 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 10. Checksum Sum 0x05DB41
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

R3#show ip ospf
* Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 3.3.3.3
Start time: 00:00:09.208, Time elapsed: 01:07:20.472
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
* It is an area border router
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x020C68
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1

14 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Area has no authentication


SPF algorithm last executed 01:06:29.008 ago
SPF algorithm executed 5 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 12. Checksum Sum 0x058F4A
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Area 20
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 01:07:19.076 ago
SPF algorithm executed 2 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 6. Checksum Sum 0x02689C
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

R4#show ip ospf
*Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 4.4.4.4
Start time: 00:00:09.340, Time elapsed: 01:08:50.916
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
* It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
connected, includes subnets in redistribution
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x02046C
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area 20
Number of interfaces in this area is 5

15 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Area has no authentication


SPF algorithm last executed 01:08:46.348 ago
SPF algorithm executed 1 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 6. Checksum Sum 0x025EA1
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

R5#show ip ospf
*Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 5.5.5.5
Start time: 00:00:09.404, Time elapsed: 01:10:04.968
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
*It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
connected, includes subnets in redistribution
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 8. Checksum Sum 0x02046C
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area 10
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 01:10:00.116 ago
SPF algorithm executed 1 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 10. Checksum Sum 0x05C74B
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

16 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R1#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:36 172.30.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 172.30.0.3 FastEthernet0/0

R2#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:38 172.30.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DR 00:00:38 172.30.0.3 FastEthernet0/0
5.5.5.5 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 172.30.10.5 Serial0/0

R3#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:36 172.30.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:36 172.30.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
4.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 172.30.20.4 Serial0/0

R4#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


3.3.3.3 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 172.30.20.3 Serial0/0

R5#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


2.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 172.30.10.2 Serial0/0

2.3.3.- Objetivo 3
Asegurarse de que R1 se convierta en el DR en el segmento Ethernet del rea 0. R2 y R3
no deberan convertirse en DR o BDR. Despus de que este cambio es hecho, qu tipo de
relacin de vecindario debera existir entre R1 y R2? Entre R2 y R3?

En R2

R2(config)#int fa0/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0
R2(config-if)#exit

En R3

R3(config)#int fa0/0
R3(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0
R3(config-if)#exit

Verificando en R1 con el comando show ip ospf neighbor:


17 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R1#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


2.2.2.2 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:33 172.30.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
3.3.3.3 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:34 172.30.0.3 FastEthernet0/0

En R2

R2#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:31 172.30.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
3.3.3.3 0 2WAY/DROTHER 00:00:32 172.30.0.3 FastEthernet0/0
5.5.5.5 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 172.30.10.5 Serial0/0

En R3

R3#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface


1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:30 172.30.0.1 FastEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2 0 2WAY/DROTHER 00:00:30 172.30.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
4.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 172.30.20.4 Serial0/0

Teniendo en cuenta que la prioridad de R2 y R3 son 0, entonces no deben ser escogidos


como DR o BDR. El estado de la interfaz con prioridad cero ser DROTHER.

Observando la interface fa0/0 de R1 con el comando show ip ospf int fa0/0:

R1#show ip ospf int fa0/0


FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.30.0.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.30.0.1
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 5
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

18 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

En R2

R2#show ip ospf int fa0/0


FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.30.0.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DROTHER, Priority 0
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.30.0.1
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:09
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

En R3

R3#show ip ospf int fa0/0


FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.30.0.3/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 3.3.3.3, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DROTHER, Priority 0
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.30.0.1
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:07
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 10
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1 (Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)

Se puede observar que al ejecutar este comando igual, verifica el estado de R1 como DR y
estado de DROTHER para R2 y R3 donde ejecutamos la prioridad de 0 para ambos routers.

Realizando el comando show ip ospf database summary:

19 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

R1#show ip ospf database summary

OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)


Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1594
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 10.20.0.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0x9BAC
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 201

Routing Bit Set on this LSA


LS age: 1596
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 10.20.1.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0x90B6
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 201

En R2 y R3

R2#show ip ospf database summary

OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

LS age: 1218
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.10.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x2FEE
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 64

Routing Bit Set on this LSA

20 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

LS age: 1259
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.20.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0xF78F
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 200

Summary Net Link States (Area 10)

LS age: 1237
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.0.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000004
Checksum: 0x7DDF
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 10

LS age: 1238
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.20.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x7A07
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 210

R3#show ip ospf database summary

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA


LS age: 1575
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.10.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000003

21 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

Checksum: 0x2FEE
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 64

LS age: 1611
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.20.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0xF78F
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 200

Summary Net Link States (Area 20)

LS age: 1613
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.0.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000004
Checksum: 0x5FF9
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 10

LS age: 1613
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(Network)
Link State ID: 172.30.10.0 (summary Network Number)
Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3
LS Seq Number: 80000003
Checksum: 0x759A
Length: 28
Network Mask: /24
TOS: 0 Metric: 74

22 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

2.3.4.- Objetivo 4
Implementar sumarizacin en los ABRs en la red para hacer que las tablas de
enrutamiento de toda la red sean lo ms eficientes posible.

Con los comandos en los routers R2 y R3 area [num area] range [red][mask] dentro de
ospf podemos sumarizar la red de los loopbacks de R2 y R3
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#area 10 range 10.10.0.0 255.255.252.0

R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#area 20 range 10.20.0.0 255.255.252.0

En R2
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.30.20.0 [110/210] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:23, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.30.10.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 9 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.10.0.0/24 [110/65] via 172.30.10.5, 00:00:24, Serial0/0
O 10.10.0.0/22 is a summary, 00:00:24, Null0
O 10.10.1.0/24 [110/65] via 172.30.10.5, 00:00:24, Serial0/0
O 10.10.2.0/24 [110/65] via 172.30.10.5, 00:00:34, Serial0/0
O 10.10.3.0/24 [110/65] via 172.30.10.5, 00:00:34, Serial0/0
O IA 10.20.2.0/24 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.3.0/24 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.0.0/24 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.1.0/24 [110/211] via 172.30.0.3, 00:00:34, FastEthernet0/0

23 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

En R3
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets


O E2 172.16.0.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.1.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.2.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
O E2 172.16.3.0 [110/200] via 172.30.0.1, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 172.30.20.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 172.30.10.0 [110/74] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 10.10.0.0/22 [110/75] via 172.30.0.2, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.20.2.0/24 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:00:10, Serial0/0
O 10.20.3.0/24 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:00:10, Serial0/0
O 10.20.0.0/24 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:00:15, Serial0/0
O 10.20.0.0/22 is a summary, 00:00:15, Null0
O 10.20.1.0/24 [110/201] via 172.30.20.4, 00:00:15, Serial0/0

2.3.5.- Objetivo 5
Implementar sumarizacin en el ASBR. La ruta sumarizada debera tener los mismos
atributos que las rutas originales e individuales redistribuidas en la red.

R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0
R1(config-router)#exit

R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

24 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks


S 172.16.0.0/24 is directly connected, Null0
O 172.16.0.0/22 is a summary, 00:04:47, Null0
S 172.16.1.0/24 is directly connected, Null0
S 172.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, Null0
S 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, Null0
172.30.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.30.20.0 [110/74] via 172.30.0.3, 00:20:29, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.30.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 172.30.10.0 [110/74] via 172.30.0.2, 00:20:32, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/22 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O IA 10.10.0.0 [110/75] via 172.30.0.2, 00:14:26, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 10.20.0.0 [110/75] via 172.30.0.3, 00:20:32, FastEthernet0/0

2.3.6.- Objetivo 6
La organizacin planea hacer un updrade a Gigabit Ethernet en los siguientes meses. OSPF
debera calcular su mtrica asumiendo que Gigabit Ethernet ser el enlace ms rpido en
la red.

En R1:
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
R1(config-router)#exit

R1#show runnig-config
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0
redistribute static metric 200 subnets
network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

En R2:
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
R2(config-router)#exit

R2#show runnig-config
router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
log-adjacency-changes

25 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000


area 10 range 10.10.0.0 255.255.252.0
network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.30.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 10

En R3:
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
R3(config-router)#exit

R3#show runnig-config
router ospf 1
router-id 3.3.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
area 20 range 10.20.0.0 255.255.252.0
network 172.30.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 172.30.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 20

En R4:
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
R4(config-router)#exit

R4#show runnig-config
router ospf 1
router-id 4.4.4.4
log-adjacency-changes
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
redistribute connected subnets
network 10.20.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
network 10.20.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
network 10.20.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
network 10.20.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
network 172.30.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 20

En R5:
R5(config)#router ospf 1
R5(config-router)#auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
R5(config-router)#exit

R5#show runnig-config
router ospf 1
router-id 5.5.5.5
log-adjacency-changes
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
redistribute connected subnets
network 10.10.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 10.10.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
network 172.30.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 10

26 | P g i n a
Universidad Catlica Boliviana San Pablo Regional Cochabamba
Sistemas de Telecomunicaciones 3

3.- Conclusiones
Al utilizar varias reas se logra se crean menos entradas de tabla de enrutamiento,
ya que las direcciones de red pueden resumirse entre reas.
La sumarizacin de ruta no est habilitada de manera predeterminada.
Un router con prioridad 0 no es elegible para ser DR o BDR.
Si no se especifica una mtrica, OSPF coloca un valor predeterminado de 20 al
redistribuir las rutas.
El tipo externo predeterminado que se especifica para las rutas externas es el tipo
2.

4.- Bibliografia
[1] https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/ssw_ibm_i_72/rzajw/rzajwospf.htm
[2] https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First
[3] http://laurel-laurelsf.blogspot.com/2012/03/que-es-dr-bdr.html
[4] https://www.cisco.com/c/es_mx/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/7039-
1.html#t32

27 | P g i n a

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