Jay Phelan

What Is Life? A Guide To Biology

Second Edition

CHAPTER 3
Cells

2012 W. H. Freeman and Company

Which evidence below supports the theory
that mitochondria and chloroplasts were
originally bacteria?
25% 25% 25% 25%
1. Circular DNA is present in both
organelles.
2. Both organelles are larger than
other organelles in the cell.
3. Both organelles are surrounded
by a single lipid bilayer.
4. All of the above.

..
...

...
i..

o.
le

le
A

ab
l

l
DN

ne

ne

he
ga

ga
ar

t
or

or
ul

of
rc

th

th

l
Al
Ci

Bo

Bo
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Lipids that make up the cell membrane are
hydrophobic. Hydrophilic molecules, like
glucose, cannot cross this barrier. What
major component of the plasma membrane
helps glucose get into and out of the cell?

1. Phospholipids
2. Carbohydrates
3. Nucleic acids
4. Proteins
5. Fatty acids 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

s
es

s
s
s

id
in
id
id

ac
e
ac
ra
ip

ot
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
ol

tty
ic

Pr
hy
ph

cle

Fa
bo
os

Nu
r
Ph

Ca

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Smallmouth Bass and Yellow Perch are considered
warm water fish, whereas certain species of char are
found in the arctic. Which fish do you think might
have the most cholesterol in the membranes of its
cells?

1. Smallmouth Bass
2. Yellow Perch
3. Arctic char
4. Both 1 and 2 are
correct. 0% 0% 0% 0%

..
s..

a
rc

a.
ch
Ba

Pe

2
tic

d
th

an
c
ou

lo

Ar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1
l
Ye
lm

th
al

Bo
Sm

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Smallmouth Bass and Yellow Perch are considered
warm water fish, whereas certain species of char are
found in the arctic. Which fish do you think might
have the most cholesterol in the membranes of its
cells?

1. Smallmouth Bass
2. Yellow Perch
3. Arctic char
4. Both 1 and 2 are
correct. 0% 0% 0% 0%

..
s..

a
rc

a.
ch
Ba

Pe

2
tic

d
th

an
c
ou

lo

Ar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1
l
Ye
lm

th
al

Bo
Sm

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
An amoeba (a single-celled protist) is placed in
a solution. The volume of the cell increases
(cell swells). Which statement below is the
correct interpretation of this result?
1. The amoeba is in a hypertonic
solution.
2. The amoeba is in a hypotonic
solution.
3. The amoeba is in a isotonic
solution. 0% 0% 0% 0%

4. Water is moving out of the

..

..

..

...
s.

s.

s.

in
ai

ai

ai
amoeba.

ov
b

m
oe

oe

oe

is
am

am

am

er
at
e

e
Th

Th

Th

W
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
An intestinal epithelial cell powers the movement of
glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient
by simultaneously transporting sodium down its
concentration gradient, thus using ATP energy
indirectly. Which transport mechanism is responsible?

1. Osmosis
2. Facilitated transport
3. Active transport
4. Simple diffusion
5. Secondary active transport 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

is

.
.. .
..

.
i..

i..
os

tr.

po

us

ct
m

ed

iff

a
ns
Os

ry
at

ed
tra

da
ilit

pl
ive

on
c

Sim
Fa

c
Ac

Se
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
An intestinal epithelial cell powers the movement of
glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient
by simultaneously transporting sodium down its
concentration gradient, thus using ATP energy
indirectly. Which transport mechanism is responsible?

1. Osmosis
2. Facilitated transport
3. Active transport
4. Simple diffusion
5. Secondary active transport 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

is

.
.. .
..

.
i..

i..
os

tr.

po

us

ct
m

ed

iff

a
ns
Os

ry
at

ed
tra

da
ilit

pl
ive

on
c

Sim
Fa

c
Ac

Se
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which cellular component would be
responsible for the classic shape of a
red blood cell?
1. Nucleus
2. Cytoskeleton
3. Lysosome
4. Mitochondria

0% 0% 0% 0%

e
us

ria
m
to
cle

nd
so
le
Nu

so
e

o
sk

ch
Ly
to

ito
Cy

M
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Which cells below would have the
smoothest endoplasmic reticulum?
1. Kidney cells
2. Kidney cells of an alcoholic
3. Liver cells
4. Liver cells of an alcoholic

0% 0% 0% 0%

lls
ls

...
..
o.
l

of
ce
ce

ls

lls
er
y

l
ce
ne

ce
Liv
d

er
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ki

ne

Liv
d
Ki

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30