Service Manual Konica Minolta Bizhub C300-350 Series Color Digital MFD

SERVICE MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION
THEORY OF OPERATION
2004.03 Ver.1.0
2004 KONICA MINOLTA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Printed in Japan
Use of this manual should be strictly supervised to
4036-7991-11
2004.03
avoid disclosure of confidential information.
04031500 Ver. 1.0
C350_TH_E.book 1
C350 Field Service Ver1.0 Mar. 2004 SAFETY AND IMPORTANT WARNING ITEMS
SAFETY AND IMPORTANT WARNING ITEMS

Read carefully the Safety and Important Warning Items described below to understand
them before doing service work.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Because of possible hazards to an inexperienced person servicing this product as well as
the risk of damage to the product, Konica Minolta Business Technologies, INC. (hereafter
called the KMBT) strongly recommends that all servicing be performed only by KMBT-
trained service technicians.
Changes may have been made to this product to improve its performance after this Service
Manual was printed. Accordingly, KMBT does not warrant, either explicitly or implicitly, that
the information contained in this Service Manual is complete and accurate.
The user of this Service Manual must assume all risks of personal injury and/or damage to
the product while servicing the product for which this Service Manual is intended.
Therefore, this Service Manual must be carefully read before doing service work both in the
course of technical training and even after that, for performing maintenance and control of
the product properly.
Keep this Service Manual also for future service.
DESCRIPTION ITEMS FOR DANGER,

WARNING AND CAUTION
In this Service Manual, each of three expressions " DANGER", " WARNING", and
" CAUTION" is defined as follows together with a symbol mark to be used in a limited
meaning.
When servicing the product, the relevant works (disassembling, reassembling, adjustment,
repair, maintenance, etc.) need to be conducted with utmost care.
DANGER: Action having a high possibility of suffering death or serious injury
WARNING: Action having a possibility of suffering death or serious injury
CAUTION: Action having a possibility of suffering a slight wound, medium

trouble, and property damage
Symbols used for safety and important warning items are defined as follows:
:Precaution when servicing the

product. General Electric hazard High temperature
precaution
:Prohibition when servicing the

product. General Do not touch Do not
prohibition with wet hand disassemble
:Direction when servicing the

product. General Unplug Ground/Earth
instruction
S-1
C350_TH_E.book 2
SAFETY AND IMPORTANT WARNING ITEMS C350 Field Service Ver1.0 Mar. 2004
SAFETY WARNINGS
[1] MODIFICATIONS NOT AUTHORIZED BY KONICA MINOLTA
BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Konica Minolta brand products are renowned for their high reliability. This reliability is
achieved through high-quality design and a solid service network.
Product design is a highly complicated and delicate process where numerous mechanical,
physical, and electrical aspects have to be taken into consideration, with the aim of arriving
at proper tolerances and safety factors. For this reason, unauthorized modifications involve
a high risk of degradation in performance and safety. Such modifications are therefore
strictly prohibited. the points listed below are not exhaustive, but they illustrate the reason-
ing behind this policy.
DANGER : PROHIBITED ACTIONS

Using any cables or power cord not specified by KMBT.
Using any fuse or thermostat not specified by KMBT.

Safety will not be assured, leading to a risk of fire and
injury.
Disabling fuse functions or bridging fuse terminals with

wire, metal clips, solder or similar object.
Disabling relay functions (such as wedging paper between

relay contacts)
Disabling safety functions (interlocks, safety circuits, etc.)

Safety will not be assured, leading to a risk of fire and
injury.
Making any modification to the product unless instructed

by KMBT
Using parts not specified by KMBT
S-2
C350_TH_E.book 3
[2] CHECKPOINTS WHEN PERFORMING ON-SITE SERVICE

Konica Minolta brand products are extensively tested before shipping, to ensure that all
applicable safety standards are met, in order to protect the customer and customer engi-
neer (hereafter called the CE) from the risk of injury. However, in daily use, any electrical
equipment may be subject to parts wear and eventual failure. In order to maintain safety
and reliability, the CE must perform regular safety checks.
1. Power Supply
WARNING: Wall Outlet

Check that mains voltage is as specified. Plug the power
cord into the dedicated wall outlet with a capacity greater
than the maximum power consumption.
If excessive current flows in the wall outlet, fire may
result.
If two or more power cords can be plugged into the wall

outlet, the total load must not exceed the rating of the wall
outlet.
If excessive current flows in the wall outlet, fire may
result.
WARNING: Power Plug and Cord

Make sure the power cord is plugged in the wall outlet
securely.
Contact problems may lead to increased resistance,
overheating, and the risk of fire.
Check whether the power cord is damaged. Check

whether the sheath is damaged.
If the power plug, cord, or sheath is damaged, replace
with a new power cord (with plug and connector on each
end) specified by KMBT. Using the damaged power cord
may result in fire or electric shock.
S-3
C350_TH_E.book 4
WARNING: Power Plug and Cord

When using the power cord (inlet type) that came with this
product, be sure to observe the following precautions:
a. Make sure the connector is securely inserted in the inlet
on the rear panel of the product.
Secure the cord with a fixture properly.
b. If the power cord or sheath is damaged, replace with a
new power cord (with plugs on both ends) specified by
KMBT.
If the power cord (inlet type) is not connected to the
product securely, a contact problem may lead to
increased resistance, overheating, and risk of fire.
Check whether the power cord is not stepped on or

pinched by a table and so on.
Overheating may occur there, leading to a risk of fire.
Do not bundle or tie the power cord.

Overheating may occur there, leading to a risk of fire.
Check whether dust is collected around the power plug

and wall outlet.
Using the power plug and wall outlet without removing
dust may result in fire.
Do not insert the power plug into the wall outlet with a wet
hand.
The risk of electric shock exists.
When unplugging the power cord, grasp the plug, not the
cable.
The cable may be broken, leading to a risk of fire and
electric shock.
WARNING: Wiring
Never use multi-plug adapters to plug multiple power cords
in the same outlet.
If used, the risk of fire exists.
S-4
C350_TH_E.book 5
WARNING: Wiring
When an extension cord is required, use a specified one.
Current that can flow in the extension cord is limited, so
using a too long extension cord may result in fire.
Do not use an extension cable reel with the cable taken
up. Fire may result.
WARNING: Ground connection

Check whether the product is grounded properly.
If current leakage occurs in an ungrounded product, you
may suffer electric shock while operating the product.
Connect power plug to grounded wall outlet.
2. Installation Requirements
WARNING: Prohibited Installation Place

Do not place the product near flammable materials or vola-
tile materials that may catch fire.
A risk of fire exists.
Do not place the product in a place exposed to water such
as rain.
A risk of fire and electric shock exists.
WARNING: When not using product for a long time

When the product is not used over an extended period of
time (holidays, etc.), switch it off and unplug the power
cord.
Dust collected around the power plug and outlet may
cause fire.
S-5
C350_TH_E.book 6
CAUTION: Ventilation
The product generates ozone gas during operation, but it
will not be harmful to the human body.
If a bad smell of ozone is present in the following cases,
ventilate the room.
a. When the product is used in a poorly ventilated room
b. When taking a lot of copies
c. When using multiple products at the same time
CAUTION: Fixing
Be sure to lock the caster stoppers.
In the case of an earthquake and so on, the product may
slide, leading to a injury.
CAUTION: Inspection before Servicing

Before conducting an inspection, read all relevant docu-
mentation (service manual, technical notices, etc.) and
proceed with the inspection following the prescribed pro-
cedure, using only the prescribed tools. Do not make any
adjustment not described in the documentation.
If the prescribed procedure or tool is not used, the prod-
uct may break and a risk of injury or fire exists.
Before conducting an inspection, be sure to disconnect

the power plugs from the product and options.
When the power plug is inserted in the wall outlet, some
units are still powered even if the POWER switch is
turned OFF. A risk of electric shock exists.
The area around the fixing unit is hot.

You may get burnt.
S-6
C350_TH_E.book 7
WARNING: Work Performed with the product Powered

Take every care when making adjustments or performing
an operation check with the product powered.
If you make adjustments or perform an operation check
with the external cover detached, you may touch live or
high-voltage parts or you may be caught in moving gears
or the timing belt, leading to a risk of injury.
Take every care when servicing with the external cover

detached.
High-voltage exists around the drum unit. A risk of elec-
tric shock exists.
WARNING: Safety Checkpoints

Check the exterior and frame for edges, burrs, and other
damages.
The user or CE may be injured.
Do not allow any metal parts such as clips, staples, and

screws to fall into the product.
They can short internal circuits and cause electric shock
or fire.
Check wiring for squeezing and any other damage.
Current can leak, leading to a risk of electric shock or
fire.
Carefully remove all toner remnants and dust from electri-

cal parts and electrode units such as a charging corona
unit.
Current can leak, leading to a risk of product trouble or
fire.
Check high-voltage cables and sheaths for any damage.

fire.
Check electrode units such as a charging corona unit for

deterioration and sign of leakage.
Current can leak, leading to a risk of trouble or fire.
S-7
C350_TH_E.book 8
WARNING: Safety Checkpoints

Before disassembling or adjusting the write unit (P/H unit)
incorporating a laser, make sure that the power cord has
been disconnected.
The laser light can enter your eye, leading to a risk of
loss of eyesight.
Do not remove the cover of the write unit. Do not supply

power with the write unit shifted from the specified mount-
ing position.
The laser light can enter your eye, leading to a risk of
loss of eyesight.
When replacing a lithium battery, replace it with a new lith-

ium battery specified in the Parts Guide Manual. Dispose
of the used lithium battery using the method specified by
local authority.
Improper replacement can cause explosion.
After replacing a part to which AC voltage is applied (e.g.,

optical lamp and fixing lamp), be sure to check the installa-
tion state.
Check the interlock switch and actuator for loosening and

check whether the interlock functions properly.
If the interlock does not function, you may receive an
electric shock or be injured when you insert your hand in
the product (e.g., for clearing paper jam).
Make sure the wiring cannot come into contact with sharp
edges, burrs, or other pointed parts.
fire.
Make sure that all screws, components, wiring, connec-

tors, etc. that were removed for safety check and mainte-
nance have been reinstalled in the original location. (Pay
special attention to forgotten connectors, pinched cables,
forgotten screws, etc.)
A risk of product trouble, electric shock, and fire exists.
S-8
C350_TH_E.book 9
WARNING: HANDLING OF CONSUMABLE

Toner and developer are not harmful substances, but care
must be taken not to breathe excessive amounts or let the
substances come into contact with eyes, etc. It may be
stimulative.
If the substances get in the eye, rinse with plenty of water
immediately. When symptoms are noticeable, consult a
physician.
Never throw the used cartridge and toner into fire.

You may be burned due to dust explosion.
CAUTION: HANDLING OF SERVICE MATERIALS

Unplug the power cord from the wall outlet.
Drum cleaner (isopropyl alcohol) and roller cleaner (ace-
tone-based) are highly flammable and must be handled
with care. A risk of fire exists.
Do not replace the cover or turn the product ON before

any solvent remnants on the cleaned parts have fully
evaporated.
Use only a small amount of cleaner at a time and take

care not to spill any liquid. If this happens, immediately
wipe it off.
When using any solvent, ventilate the room well.

Breathing large quantities of organic solvents can lead to
discomfort.
S-9
C350_TH_E.book 10
[3] MEASURES TO TAKE IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENT
1. If an accident has occurred, the distributor who has been notified first must immedi-
ately take emergency measures to provide relief to affected persons and to prevent
further damage.
2. If a report of a serious accident has been received from a customer, an on-site evalua-
tion must be carried out quickly and KMBT must be notified.
3. To determine the cause of the accident, conditions and materials must be recorded
through direct on-site checks, in accordance with instructions issued by KMBT.
[4] CONCLUSION
1. Safety of users and customer engineers depends highly on accurate maintenance and
administration. Therefore, safety can be maintained by the appropriate daily service
work conducted by the customer engineer.
2. When performing service, each product on the site must be tested for safety. The cus-
tomer engineer must verify the safety of parts and ensure appropriate management of
the equipment.
[5] FUSE
CAUTION
Double pole / neutral fusing
ATTENTION
Double ple / fusible sur le neutre.
[6] LED Radiation Safety

This product is a copier which operates by means of a LED (light emitting diodes) expo-
sure system. There is no possibility of danger from the LED optical radiation, because
the LED optical radiation level dose not exceed the accessible radiation limit of class 1
under all conditions of operation, maintenance, service and failure.
S-10
C350_TH_E.book 11
INDICATION OF WARNING ON THE MACHINE

Caution labels shown are attached in some areas on/in the machine.
When accessing these areas for maintenance, repair, or adjustment, special care should
be taken to avoid burns and electric shock.
High voltage
High temperature
High voltage
High temperature
4036fsS001c0
S-11
C350_TH_E.book 12
Do not throw into a fire
4036fsS002c0
High voltage
High voltage
4036fsS003c0
S-12
C350_TH_E.book 1
SERVICE MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION
Main Unit
2004.03
Ver. 1.0
C350_TH_E.book i
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver1.0 Mar. 2004
CONTENTS
I Outline
1. System configuration............................................................................................ 1-1
2. Product specifications .......................................................................................... 1-3
2.1 Type ................................................................................................................... 1-3
I Outline
2.2 Functions ........................................................................................................... 1-3
2.3 Types of paper ................................................................................................... 1-4
2.4 Maintenance ...................................................................................................... 1-4
2.5 Machine specifications....................................................................................... 1-4
2.6 Operating environment ...................................................................................... 1-4
II Composition/Operation
2.7 Built-in controllers .............................................................................................. 1-5
3. Center cross section ............................................................................................ 1-6
4. Paper path............................................................................................................ 1-7
5. Image creation process........................................................................................ 1-8
1. Overall composition.............................................................................................. 2-1
1.1 Timing chart at machine power up .................................................................... 2-1
1.2 Control block diagram ........................................................................................ 2-2
2. Scanner section (IR section) ................................................................................ 2-3
2.1 Composition....................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2 Drive .................................................................................................................. 2-5
2.3 Operation ........................................................................................................... 2-5
2.3.1 Scan and Exposure Lamp control ................................................................ 2-5
2.3.2 Original Size Detection control ..................................................................... 2-6
3. Write section (PH section).................................................................................... 2-9
3.1 Composition....................................................................................................... 2-9
3.2 Operation ......................................................................................................... 2-10
3.2.1 Outline ........................................................................................................ 2-10
3.2.2 Color Shift Correction System .................................................................... 2-11
4. Imaging Unit section (IU section) ....................................................................... 2-12
4.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-12
4.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-13
4.3 Operation ......................................................................................................... 2-14
4.3.1 IU Life control.............................................................................................. 2-14
5. Photo Conductor section.................................................................................... 2-15
5.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-15
5.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-15
i
C350_TH_E.book ii
5.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-16

5.3.1 PC Drum Drive mechanism........................................................................ 2-16
5.3.2 PC Drum Phase control ............................................................................. 2-16
5.3.3 PC Drum small amount rotation control ..................................................... 2-17
6. Charge Corona section ...................................................................................... 2-18
6.1 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-19
I Outline
6.1.1 PC Drum Charge Corona ON/OFF control................................................. 2-19

6.1.2 Cleaning/Main Erase mechanism............................................................... 2-19
7. Developing section............................................................................................. 2-20
7.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-20
7.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-21
7.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-22

7.3.1 Developing Drive control ............................................................................ 2-22
7.3.2 Developer flow............................................................................................ 2-22
7.3.3 Developing bias .......................................................................................... 2-23
7.3.4 HMT (High grade Micro Toning) development ............................................ 2-23
7.3.5 Developer scattering prevention mechanism.............................................. 2-23
7.3.6 ATDC Sensor control.................................................................................. 2-24
8. Toner Supply section.......................................................................................... 2-26
8.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-26
8.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-27
8.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-28
8.3.1 Toner Replenishing mechanism/control ..................................................... 2-28
8.3.2 Toner Near-Empty and Toner Empty detection control............................... 2-29
8.3.3 Shutter mechanism .................................................................................... 2-30
9. Transfer Corona section ..................................................................................... 2-31
9.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-31
9.1.1 1st Image Transfer section ......................................................................... 2-31
9.1.2 2nd Image Transfer section ........................................................................ 2-33
9.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-34
9.2.1 1st Image Transfer section ......................................................................... 2-34
9.2.2 2nd Image Transfer section ........................................................................ 2-35
9.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-35
9.3.1 Transfer Belt speed control......................................................................... 2-35
9.3.2 1st Image Transfer Roller mechanism ........................................................ 2-36
9.3.3 2nd Image Transfer Roller pressure mechanism........................................ 2-39
9.3.4 AIDC Sensor Shutter mechanism .............................................................. 2-40
9.3.5 ATVC (Auto Transfer Voltage Control) ........................................................ 2-41
ii
C350_TH_E.book iii
9.3.6 Transfer Belt cleaning ................................................................................. 2-42

9.3.7 2nd Image Transfer Roller cleaning ............................................................ 2-43
9.3.8 Charge neutralization and separation of paper .......................................... 2-44
9.3.9 Detection of New Transfer Belt Unit ............................................................ 2-45
9.3.10 ACS control................................................................................................. 2-46
10. Toner Collecting section ..................................................................................... 2-47
I Outline
10.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-47
10.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-48
10.3 Operation ......................................................................................................... 2-49
10.3.1 Toner collecting mechanism ....................................................................... 2-49
10.3.2 Waste Toner Bottle-in-position detection .................................................... 2-49
10.3.3 Waste Toner Near-Full/Full detection control.............................................. 2-50
11. Paper feed section.............................................................................................. 2-51
11.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-51
11.1.1 Tray1 ........................................................................................................... 2-51
11.1.2 Tray2 ........................................................................................................... 2-52
11.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-54
11.2.1 Tray1 ........................................................................................................... 2-54
11.2.2 Tray2 ........................................................................................................... 2-54
11.3 Operation ......................................................................................................... 2-55
11.3.1 Paper Take-up control (Tray1)..................................................................... 2-55
11.3.2 Tray1 double feed control............................................................................ 2-55
11.3.3 Deceleration control.................................................................................... 2-55
11.3.4 Paper supply level detection control ........................................................... 2-56
11.3.5 Paper Near-Empty/Paper Empty detection................................................. 2-56
11.3.6 Tray1 paper type detting ............................................................................. 2-57
11.3.7 Paper size detection control ....................................................................... 2-58
11.3.8 Tray2 paper lifting motion control................................................................ 2-61
12. Bypass section ................................................................................................... 2-62
12.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-62
12.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-63
12.3 Operation ......................................................................................................... 2-64
12.3.1 Bypass Paper Take-up control .................................................................... 2-64
12.3.2 Paper Empty detection ............................................................................... 2-64
12.3.3 Bypass Paper Lifting Motion Control .......................................................... 2-64
12.3.4 Paper size detection ................................................................................... 2-66
13. Conveyance section ........................................................................................... 2-68
13.1 Composition..................................................................................................... 2-68
iii
C350_TH_E.book iv
14. Synchronizing Roller section.............................................................................. 2-69

14.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-69
14.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-69
14.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-70
14.3.1 Synchronizing Roller control....................................................................... 2-70
14.3.2 OHP detection ............................................................................................ 2-71
I Outline
15. Fusing section.................................................................................................... 2-72

15.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-72
15.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-73
15.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-74
15.3.1 Fusing Roller drive control.......................................................................... 2-74
15.3.2 Fusing Roller pressure/retraction mechanism............................................ 2-76

15.3.3 Fusing temperature control ........................................................................ 2-77
15.3.4 Protection against abnormal conditions ..................................................... 2-79
15.3.5 Detection of a New Fusing Unit.................................................................. 2-81
15.3.6 PPM control................................................................................................ 2-81
16. Paper exit section............................................................................................... 2-82
16.1 Composition .................................................................................................... 2-82
16.2 Drive ................................................................................................................ 2-83
17. Image stabilization control ................................................................................. 2-84
17.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 2-84
17.2 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-85
17.2.1 Background margin control ........................................................................ 2-85
17.2.2 AIDC Sensor LED intensity control ............................................................ 2-85
17.2.3 Max. density control ................................................................................... 2-85
17.2.4 g correction control..................................................................................... 2-85
17.3 Operation timing .............................................................................................. 2-85
17.4 Operation flow ................................................................................................. 2-86
18. Image processing............................................................................................... 2-87
18.1 Scanner section image processing block diagram .......................................... 2-87
18.2 Write section image processing block diagram ............................................... 2-89
19. Other control ...................................................................................................... 2-91
19.1 Fan control....................................................................................................... 2-91
19.1.1 Construction ............................................................................................... 2-91
19.1.2 Operation.................................................................................................... 2-92
19.2 Power distribution control at machine power up .............................................. 2-93
19.2.1 Parts operated when the Power Switch is turned ON ................................ 2-93
19.3 Counter control................................................................................................ 2-94
19.3.1 Construction ............................................................................................... 2-94
iv
C350_TH_E.book 1
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 System configuration
I Outline
1. System configuration
1/2 System front view
[11] [12] [13]
I Outline
[10]
[9]
[2] [3]
[1]
[8]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
4036fs1001j0
[1] Machine [8] Job Separator JS-601

[2] Automatic Duplex Unit AD-501 [9] Finisher FS-601
[3] Paper Feed Cabinet PC-201 [10] Punch Kit PK-501 for FS-601
[4] Paper Feed Cabinet PC-101 [11] Reverse Automatic Document Feeder DF-601
[5] Desk DK-501 [12] Original Cover OC-501
[6] Paper Feed Cabinet PC-401 [13] Working Table WT-501
[7] Finisher FS-501
1-1
C350_TH_E.book 2
System configuration bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
2/2 System rear view
[10] [11]
[9]
I Outline
[2]
[8]
[7] [1]
[5]
[3]
[6] PC-101
PC-201 Dk-501
PC-401
[4] 4036fs1002e0
[1] Machine [7] Local Interface Kit EK-501

[2] Vender Kit VK-501 [8] Mechanical Counter
(South Central America, North America,
Europe Only)
[3] Data Terminal DT-105 [9] Key Counter Kit KIT-1
(South Central America, North America
Only)
[4] Dehumidifier Heater 1C [10] Hard Disk HD-501
[5] Video Interface Kit VI-501 [11] Expanded Memory Unit EM-301
[6] Image Controller IC-401
1-2
C350_TH_E.book 3
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Product specifications
2. Product specifications
2.1 Type
Type Desktop-type printer integrated with scanner
Copying System Electrostatic dry-powdered image transfer to plain paper
Printing Process Tandem-type indirect electrostatic recording system
I Outline
PC Drum Type OPC (organic photo conductor)
Scanning Density Equivalent to 600 dpi
Print Density Equivalent to 600 dpi in main scanning direction 1800 dpi in sub scanning
direction
Platen Stationary (mirror scan)
Original Scanning Scanning in main scanning direction with a CCD
(one-shot reading system)
Registration Rear left edge
Paper Feeding System Multiple Bypass: 150 sheets
(Standard) Tray1: 250 sheets
Three-way system Tray2: 500 sheets
Exposure System Four-LED exposure
Developing System HMT developing system
Charging System DC comb electrode Scorotron system with electrode cleaning function
(manual)
Image Transfer System Intermediate transfer belt system
Paper Separating System Selecting either application of nonwoven fabric bias + low-pressure paper
separator claws
Fusing System Belt fusing
2.2 Functions
Types of Original Sheets, books, and three-dimensional objects
Max. Original Size A3 or 11 17
Multiple Copies 1 to 999
Warming-up Time 99 sec. or less (at ambient temperature of 23 C and rated source voltage)
Leading edge: 5 mm, Trailing edge: 3 mm,
Image Loss
Rear edge: 3 mm, Front edge: 3 mm
First Copy Time (Tray1, A4, full size)
Monochrome print 6.8 sec. or less
Color print 12.8 sec. or less
Copying Speed for Multi- Monochrome print 1-sided: 35 copies/min; 2-sided: 31 copies/min
copy Cycle
(A4, 8-1/2 11) Color print 1-sided: 22 copies/min; 2-sided: 22 copies/min
Fixed Zoom Ratios Full size 1.000

Metric Area: 0.500, 0.707, 0.816, 0.866
Reduction
Inch Area: 0.500, 0.647, 0.733, 0.785
Metric Area: 1.154, 1.224, 1.414, 2.000
Enlargement
Inch Area: 1.214, 1.294, 1.547, 2.000
Variable Zoom Ratios 0.250 to 4.000 in 0.001 increments
Exposure Lamp White rare-gas fluorescent lamp 30 W
1-3
C350_TH_E.book 4
Product specifications bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
2.3 Types of paper

Paper Source Tray1 Tray2 Multiple Bypass
Plain paper (60 to 90 g/m2)
Translucent paper
OHP transparencies

(crosswise feeding only)
I Outline
Thick paper 1

(91 to 150 g/m2)
Thick paper 2 (20 sheets or

(151 to 209 g/m2) less)
Copy paper type Thick paper 3

(210 to 256 g/m2) *1 (20 sheets or
Postcards less)

Envelopes (10 sheets or
less)

Labels (20 sheets or
less)
Copy paper Max (width length) 311 457 mm 297 432 mm 311 457 mm
dimensions Min (width length) 90 140 mm 140 182 mm 90 140 mm
*1: Image is not guaranteed when thick paper 3 is used.

Optional Paper Feed Cabinet: Only the plain paper weighing 60 to 90 g/m2 is reliably fed.
Automatic Duplex Unit: Only the plain paper weighing 64 to 90 g/m2 is reliably fed.
2.4 Maintenance
Machine Durability 800,000 prints or 5 years, whichever is earlier
2.5 Machine specifications

Power Requirements Voltage: AC100 V 10 %
Frequency: 50/60 Hz 0.3 Hz
Max Power Consumption 15 kW (100 V, 15 A)
Dimensions 903 (W) 730 (D) 770 (H) mm
Space Requirements 1014 (W) 1151 (D) mm
Mass Approx. 100 kg (without IU)
2.6 Operating environment

Temperature 10 to 30 C (with a fluctuation of 10 C/h)
Humidity 15 to 85 % (with a fluctuation of 20 %/h)
1-4
C350_TH_E.book 5
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Product specifications
2.7 Built-in controllers

Printer Driver PCL5c printer driver
Scan Driver TWAIN driver
OS Compatibility Windows 98/Me, Windows NT/2000/XP, Windows Server 2003
Interface Ethernet 10/100BaseTX
I Outline
NOTE
These specifications are subject to change without notice.
1-5
C350_TH_E.book 6
Center cross section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
3. Center cross section
[1]
I Outline
[2]
[10]
[3]
[4]
[9] [5] [6]
[8]
4036ma101c0
[7]
[1] CCD Unit [6] Multiple Bypass

[2] Fusing Unit [7] Tray2
[3] Imaging Unit/Bk [8] Imaging Unit/M
[4] Imaging Unit/C [9] Imaging Unit/Y
[5] Tray1 [10] Transfer Belt Unit
1-6
C350_TH_E.book 7
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Paper path
4. Paper path
I Outline
4036ma102c0
1-7
C350_TH_E.book 8
Image creation process bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
5. Image creation process
[1] Photoelectric Conversion
[2] IR Image Processing

I Outline
[10] Paper Separation

[9] 2nd Image Transfer
[11] Transfer
Belt Cleaning
[8] 1st Image Transfer
[12] PC Drum Cleaning

[4] PC Drum
[13] Main Erase
[3] Printer Image Processing [7] Developing [5] PC Drum Charging
[6] LED Exposure
The light reflected off the surface of the original is separated into different
Photoelectric colors using the color filters (R, G, and B); CCD then converts it into a cor-
[1]
Conversion responding electric signal and outputs the signal to the IR Imaging Pro-
cessing Section.
The electric signal is converted to 8-bit digital image signals. After going
IR Image
[2] through some corrections, video signals (C, M, Y, and Bk) are output to
Processing
the Printer Image Processing Section.
The video signals (C, M, Y, and Bk) go through some corrections. Follow-
Printer Image
[3] ing digital-to-analog conversion, these signals are used for the control of
Processing
the intensity level of the LED.
The image of the original projected onto the surface of the PC Drum is
[4] PC Drum
changed to a corresponding electrostatic latent image.
[5] PC Drum Charging A negative DC charge layer is formed on the surface of the PC Drum.
The surface of the PC Drum is irradiated with LED light and an electro-
[6] LED Exposure
static latent image is thereby formed.
The toner, agitated and negatively charged in the Developer Mixing Cham-
ber, is attracted onto the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of
[7] Developing the PC Drum. It is thereby changed to a visible, developed image.
AC and DC negative bias voltages are applied to the Developing Roller,
thereby preventing toner from sticking to the background image portion.
A DC positive voltage is applied to the backside of the Transfer Belt,
[8] 1st Image Transfer thereby allowing the visible, developed image on the surface of each of
the PC Drums (Y, M, C, and Bk) to be transferred onto the Transfer Belt.
A DC positive voltage is applied to the backside of the paper, thereby
[9] 2nd Image Transfer allowing the visible, developed image on the surface of the Transfer Belt to
be transferred onto the paper.
1-8
C350_TH_E.book 9
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Image creation process
The paper, which has undergone the 2nd image transfer process, is neu-
[10] Paper Separation tralized so that it can be properly separated from the Transfer Belt by the
Paper Separator Claws.
Transfer Belt A charge is applied to the Transfer Belt. By potential difference, residual
[11]
Cleaning toner on the surface of the Transfer Belt is collected for cleaning.
[12] PC Drum Cleaning The residual toner left on the surface of the PC Drum is scraped off.
The surface of the PC Drum is irradiated with light, which neutralizes any
I Outline
[13] Main Erase
surface potential remaining on the surface of the PC Drum.
1-9
C350_TH_E.book 10
Image creation process bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
I Outline
Blank page
1-10
C350_TH_E.book 1
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Overall composition
2. Overall composition
2.1 Timing chart at machine power up
Power Switch ON Temperature Control
Fusing Pressure Roller Heater

Lamp (H3)
Heating Roller Heater Lamp/1
(H1)
Fusing Pressure Roller Pressure/ 100C
Retraction
Retraction Motor (M19) Pressure Retraction
II Composition/Operationn
Fusing Drive Motor (M2)
Exposure Lamp (FL201)
Scanner Motor (M201)
Main Motor (M1)
1st Image Transfer Pressure/ Bk Pressure

Retraction Motor (M11) Retraction
1st Image Transfer Retraction

Position Sensor (PC12)
Transfer Belt Cleaning Bias
Cleaning Brush Motor (M22)
2nd Image Transfer Pressure/ Pressure/Retraction

Retraction
Retraction Motor (M13)
Pressure
2nd Image Transfer Pressure/
Retraction Position Sensor (PC29)
2nd Image Transfer Bias
4036ma2052e0
2-1
C350_TH_E.book 2
Overall composition bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
2.2 Control block diagram
Scanner Section
CCD Sensor Exposure Lamp
Inverter Board
Board (PWB-A) (FL201)
Scanner Motor Drive

Board (PWB-IC)
Image Processing Board (PWB-C) Scanner Motor (M201) DF-601

Panel
Printer Section
MFP Control Board (PWB-MFP) Control Board (PWB-MC)
Paper Take-
up/Transport
Standard Image
Controller Processing CPU
Process
Fusing
LED Drive Board

(PWB-LED)
LPH/Y LPH/M LPH/C LPH/Bk
Paper
IC-401 Finishing AD-501
Source
Option
Option
Control System Line
Image Bus Line 4036ma2053e0
2-2
C350_TH_E.book 3
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Scanner section (IR section)
3. Scanner section (IR section)

3.1 Composition
4036ma2110c0 4036ma2501c0
[5]
[4] [6]
[3] [7]
[2]
[8]
[1]
[9]
[10]
[13] [11]
[12] 4036ma2001c1
2-3
C350_TH_E.book 4
Scanner section (IR section) bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
Key Name Function/System

[1] Original Cover Angle Sensor (PC202) Validates or resets the size of the original.
[2] Original Size Sensor FD1 (PC203) Detects the original of a small size in the FD direction.
[3] Scanner Motor Drive Board (PWB-IC) Drives the Scanner Motor.
[4] Original Size Sensor FD2 (PC204) Detects the original of a large size in the FD direction.
Drives the Scanner Drive Cables for moving the Expo-
sure Lamp and Scanner.
[5] Scanner Motor (M201)
Drives the Scanner Motor Drive Board (PWB-IC).
Three-phase stepping motor
[6] Lens F5.0, focal length 71.2 mm
Changes optical image data to a corresponding electric
[7] CCD Unit *1 signal (600 dpi).
Three-line (RGB) linear image sensor
Detects the position of the Original Cover or ADF,

whether it is raised or lowered.
[8] Size Reset Switch (SW201)
Resets the size of the original when the ADF is raised.
Magnetic sensor type
[9] Image Processing Board (PWB-C) Processes image data that has been scanned.
[10] Exposure Unit Slit exposure
[11] Mirror Unit Reflects the light reflected off the original.
[12] Original Size Sensor CD1 (PC206) Detects the original of a large size in the CD direction.
[13] Scanner Home Sensor (PC201) Detects the Scanner at its home position.
1: CCD Unit
Scanning Direction CCD Sensor

Sub Scanning
R
37.3 m
Direction
G
B 37.3 m
Main Scanning
Direction
9.325 m
9.325 m
4036ma2602c0
2-4
C350_TH_E.book 5
3.2 Drive
[4]
[3]
[2]
[5]
[1]
[6] 4036ma2002c1
[1] Scanner Drive Cable/R [4] Scanner Motor

[2] Mirror Unit [5] Scanner Drive Cable/F
[3] Exposure Unit [6] Scanner Home Sensor
3.3 Operation
3.3.1 Scan and Exposure Lamp control
A. When the Power Switch is turned ON
1. The Exposure Unit moves in the return direction until the Scanner Home Sensor is acti-
vated. It does not move if the Scanner Home Sensor is already activated.
2. The Exposure Unit moves in the scan direction and stops at a position under the shad-
ing correction sheet.
3. The gain value of the CCD Sensor output voltage is adjusted for R, G, and B.
4. A shading correction is made.
5. After the adjustment has been made, the Exposure Unit moves in the return direction
and stops at the Scanner Home Sensor. This position serves as the home position.
* The same operation is performed for the auto and manual exposure control.
Home Position
Gain Adjustment and Shading Correction
Exposure Lamp (FL201) ON

Scanner Movement
4036ma2190c0
2-5
C350_TH_E.book 6
B. When the Start key is pressed

1. The Exposure Lamp turns ON when the Start key is pressed.
2. The gain adjustment is made when the Exposure Unit moves past the point under the
shading sheet. Thereafter, a shading correction is made.
3. The Exposure Unit starts a scan motion with the original position.
4. After completing the scan motion for the original, the Exposure Unit temporarily stops
and the Exposure Lamp goes out.
5. The Exposure Unit makes a return motion and stops at the home position. Each of the
R, G, and B data is stored in memory during a single scan motion. The Exposure Unit
therefore makes only a single scan motion even for a multi-copy cycle.
Home Position
Original Position
Exposure Lamp (FL201) ON

Gain Adjustment and Shading Correction
Scan
4036ma2191c0
3.3.2 Original Size Detection control

A. Detection Method
Reflective size sensors are used for detection of the size of the original.
Mounting the optional size sensors permits detection of originals of inch size.
Original Size Sensor FD1 Original Size Sensor Original Size Sensor
(PC203) FD2 (PC204) FD3 (PC205): Option
Metric area: Standard
8.5 X 11 8.5 X 11 R 8.5 X 14 11 X 17
Inch area: Option
1 2 3 4 5
A5R
B5R
A4R 8.5 X 14
8.5 X 11 R
B4, 7
B5 6 11 X 17
A3, 8 8.5 X 11
A4
A4,
B5 A5R B5R A4R B4 A3
Original Size Sensor
CD1 (PC206) Original Size Sensor 4036ma2003c0
CD2 (PC207): Option
2-6
C350_TH_E.book 7
The Image Processing Board determines the size of the original based on the combina-
tion of detection made by each of the Original Size Sensors, whether or not there is an
original loaded.
An original of an irregular size is rounded to the nearest standard size.
Metric Area
Original Size FD1 FD2 CD1

Determined 1 2 3 6 7
A3
B4
A4R
A4
B5
A5R
8.5 11R
: Original Loaded : Original Not Loaded
When the optional sensors are mounted
FD3 CD2
Original Size FD1 FD2 CD1
(option) (option)
Determined
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A3
B4
A4R
A4
B5R
B5
A5R
11 17
8.5 14
8.5 11R
8.5 11
2-7
C350_TH_E.book 8
Inch Area - Standard
Original Size FD2 CD1

Determined 2 3 6 7
11 17
B4
8.5 14
8.5 11R
8.5 11
B5
When the optional sensors are mounted
FD1 FD3 CD2

Original Size FD2 CD1
(option) (option) (option)
Determined
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
11 17
8.5 14
FLS
8.5 11R
8.5 11
5.5 8.5R
A3
B4
A4R
A4
B5
B. Detection Timing (When the ADF is Used)

Validates the original size Resets the original size
when the ADF is lowered when the ADF is raised
Original Size Sensors FD1 (PC203),

FD2 (PC204), and FD3 (PC205)
Original Size Sensors CD1 (PC206)

and CD2 (PC207)
Original Cover Angle Sensor (PC202)
Size Reset Switch (SW201)

4036ma2007c0
The original size is validated if the Start key is pressed with the ADF in the raised posi-
tion.
2-8
C350_TH_E.book 9
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Write section (PH section)
4. Write section (PH section)

4.1 Composition
[1]
4036ma2218c0
4036ma2502c0
[2]
[5]
[3]
[4] 4036ma2219c0

[1] LED Unit Four LED assemblies are integrated into a single unit.
The rays of light emitted by the LED chips are brought to a focus
[2] SELFOC Lens
on the surface of the PC Drum to form a full-size image.
Approximately 7,700 LED chips (600 dpi) arranged in the main
[3] LED Chips
scanning direction
[4] LED Assy/Y, M, C, Bk LED Assy for each color of Y, M, C, and Bk
[5] PC Drum/Y, M, C, Bk Irradiated with LED light to form an electrostatic latent image.
2-9
C350_TH_E.book 10
Write section (PH section) bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
4.2 Operation
4.2.1 Outline
Each of the PC Drums is irradiated with LED light and an electrostatic latent image is
thereby formed.
The LED print head is a fixed scanning type exposure system that includes approx.
7,700 LED chips (600 dpi) arranged in the main scanning direction and a SELFOC lens
array, or SLA that brings rays of light emitted by the LED chips to a focus on the surface
of the PC Drum to form a full-size image.
The special service jig for cleaning the surface of the LED print head should be used,
since a special coating is applied to the surface of the SLA to prevent ozone from sticking
to it.
Transfer Belt
2nd Image Transfer Roller
PC Drum Y
Y M C Bk
LED/Y LED/M LED/C LED/Bk

4036ma2004c1
SELFOC Lens
Approx. 7,700
LED chips
4036ma2222c0
2-10
C350_TH_E.book 11
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Write section (PH section)
4.2.2 Color Shift Correction System

In a tandem engine, in which an independent image reproduction process is provided for
each of the four different colors of toner. Incorrect color registration, or color shift, is
therefore more likely to occur due to each of the LED assemblies being out of correct
position. The color shift correction system automatically detects any misalignment
among the different colors, correcting it both in the main scanning and sub scanning
directions.
The color shift detection sequence proceeds as follows. A detection pattern each in the
sub scanning direction is produced at the front and rear on the Transfer Belt. Each of
AIDC/Registration Sensor/1 and /2 at the front and rear reads the corresponding pattern.
The amount of color shift in the sub scanning direction is then calculated and stored in
memory. A detection pattern each in the main scanning direction is next produced at the
front and rear on the Transfer Belt. Each of AIDC/Registration Sensor/1 and /2 at the
front and rear reads the corresponding pattern. The amount of color shift in the main
scanning direction is then calculated and stored in memory. Based on the data repre-
senting the amounts of color shift, the machine calculates how much each of the different
colors should be corrected. The correction data is further stored in memory. Based on
the data stored in memory, the machine controls each dot during production of image
outputs, thereby correcting the color shift (varying the timing at which the LED is turned
ON).
The color shift correction is made when the Left Door is opened and closed, the IU is
removed and reinstalled, or an image stabilization sequence is carried out from the con-
trol panel.
Detection Pattern for Sub Detection Pattern for Main

Scanning Direction Scanning Direction
4036ma2226c0
Transfer Belt
AIDC/Registration Sensor/1
4036ma2227c0
and /2 (PC8 and PC9)
2-11
C350_TH_E.book 12
Imaging Unit section (IU section) bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
5. Imaging Unit section (IU section)

5.1 Composition
[1]
4036ma2130c0 4036ma2503c0
[1]
[2]
[3]
[6]
[4]
[5]
4036ma2239c0

Forms an image of each of different colors.
[1] PC Drum/Y, M, C, Bk
OPC drum (30 mm)
[2] Cleaning Blade Scrapes toner off the surface of the PC Drum.
Conveys waste toner from the IU to the Toner Col-
[3] Toner Collecting Screw lecting Section.
Screw type
Deposits a charge across the entire surface of the
[4] PC Drum Charge Corona/Y, M, C, Bk PC Drum.
DC comb electrode Scorotron system
Neutralizes any charge left on the surface of the PC
Main Erase Lamp/Y, M, C, Bk
[5] Drum.
(LA1 to LA4)
LED type
Developer capacity 400 g (C, M, Y, Bk)
[6] Developing Unit/Y, M, C, Bk
T/C ratio 8% (C, M, Y, Bk)
2-12
C350_TH_E.book 13
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Imaging Unit section (IU section)
5.2 Drive
[2]
[1]
[4]
[3]
4036ma2008c1
4036ma2007c1
[1] Developing Clutch/Bk (CL2) [3] Color Developing Motor (M6)

[2] Bk PC Motor (M7) [4] Color PC Drum Motor (M5)
2-13
C350_TH_E.book 14
Imaging Unit section (IU section) bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
5.3 Operation
5.3.1 IU Life control
Each IU has EEPROM that detects a new IU and keeps track of the service life of the IU.
A. New IU detection
new IU is detected when 24 V is turned ON as the Power Switch is turned OFF and ON
or the Front Door is opened and closed. If a new IU is not detected the machine does not
execute image stabilization sequence.
When a new IU is detected, an ATDC adjustment sequence is carried out.
Operation when a new IU is detected
ATDC 1st image

Transfer Belt Transfer Belt Image sta-
automatic transfer/ATVC bilization
is retracted cleaning
adjustment adjustment
Operation when a new IU is not detected
1st image Image sta-

Transfer Belt Transfer Belt
transfer/ATVC bilization
is retracted cleaning
adjustment
4036ma2133c0
B. When life is reached

The IU Life Counter is used to keep track of IU life.
When the life value is reached, a warning message is given on the screen. When a pre-
determined number of printed pages are produced after the life value has been reached,
the machine inhibits the initiation of a new print cycle with a message prompting the user
to replace the IU given on the screen.
When a life value is reached At print stop
4036ma2058e0 4036ma2059e0
The warning screen and IU replacement screen change when the settings are changed
for Display PM Parts Lifetime and Unit Change available from the Tech. Rep. mode
and IU Life Stop Setting available from the Security mode.
2-14
C350_TH_E.book 15
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Photo Conductor section
6. Photo Conductor section

6.1 Composition
Charge Generating
Layer (CGL)
Charge Transport
Layer (CTL) Aluminum
Cylinder
4036ma2338c0
[1] 4036ma2543c0

Forms an image of each of different colors.
[1] PC Drum/Y, M, C, Bk
OPC drum (30 mm)
6.2 Drive
[2]
[3]
[1]
[4]
[6] [5] 4036ma2551c0
[1] Color PC Drum Motor (M5) [4] PC Drum/C

[2] Bk PC Motor (M7) [5] PC Drum/M
[3] PC Drum/Bk [6] PC Drum/Y
2-15
C350_TH_E.book 16
Photo Conductor section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
6.3 Operation
6.3.1 PC Drum Drive mechanism
Two independent PC Drum motors are used for the drive mechanism to suppress incor-
rect color registration and uneven pitch.
The Color PC Drum Motor drives the PC Drums/Y, M, and C, while the Bk PC Motor
drives the PC Drum/Bk.
Gears having a large diameter are used to enhance rotating accuracy of the PC Drums.
The use of gears having a large diameter provides a large number of gear teeth, which
suppresses uneven pitch and eccentricity.
Drive is transmitted to each of the PC Drums when the triangular coupling is engaged
with the mating part that also has a triangular shape.
Color PC Drum Motor (M5)

Bk PC Motor (M7)
Large-diameter Gear
Shaft
Coupling 4036ma2051c0
Coupling
4036ma2552c0
4036ma2544c0
6.3.2 PC Drum Phase control

To enhance image quality, sensors are used to detect operating conditions while the PC
Drum turns, thereby providing drum drive control.
2-16
C350_TH_E.book 17
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Photo Conductor section
6.3.3 PC Drum small amount rotation control

Humidity around the IU can produce a difference in sensitivity among different PC
Drums. This could lead to drum memory, allowing black bands to occur in the image. In
addition, ozone stagnant in areas near the PC Drum Charge Corona reduces sensitivity
of the PC Drums, causing white bands to occur in the image.
To prevent these image problems, it should be ensured that the same face of the PC
Drum is left exposed to the same condition for an extended period of time. The PC Drum
is therefore turned at regular intervals to keep the surface sensitivity uniform.
A. PC Drum small amount rotation timing

The PC Drum is turned the small amount when a predetermined threshold value of the
cumulative PC Drum driven distance is exceeded during a multi-print cycle or when inter-
mittent print cycles are consecutively run with an intermission of less than a predeter-
mined period of time between them.
PC Drum
4036ma2549c0
2-17
C350_TH_E.book 18
Charge Corona section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
7. Charge Corona section
[1]
[3]
4036ma2130c0
4036ma2506c0
[3]
[4]
[1]
[5] [2]
4036ma2138c0
4036ma2009c1

[1] Corona Wire Comb electrode type
For cleaning the corona wire
[2] Corona Wire Cleaning Lever
Slide out to clean the corona wire.
[3] Grid Mesh Applies the grid voltage
[4] Cleaning Blade Scrapes residual toner off the surface of the PC Drum
Illuminates the surface of the PC Drum to neutralize
any surface potential remaining on the surface of the
[5] Main Erase Lamp
PC Drum
LED type
2-18
C350_TH_E.book 19
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Charge Corona section
7.1 Operation
7.1.1 PC Drum Charge Corona ON/OFF control
The grid voltage (VG) applied to the Grid Mesh is controlled through the image stabiliza-
tion control.
Color PC Drum Motor Energized

Bk PC Motor Energized
Drum Charge Corona Bias Y, M, C
Drum Charge Corona Bias Bk
Color Developing Motor (M6)
Developing Clutch/Bk (CL2)
4036ma2251c0
7.1.2 Cleaning/Main Erase mechanism

A. Cleaning/main erase operation
1. The Cleaning Blade is pressed up against the surface of the PC Drum, scraping resid-
ual toner off the surface (forward blade system).
2. Toner, which has been scraped off the surface of the PC Drum, is fed by the Toner Col-
lecting Screw back toward to the Conveying Screw in the rear of the machine. It is then
collected in the Waste Toner Collecting Box.
3. The surface of the PC Drum after the image transfer process is irradiated with light from
the Main Erase Lamp. This neutralizes any potential left on the surface of the PC Drum.
Toner Collecting
Screw
Cleaning
Blade
Main Erase
4036ma2539c0
Lamp
Cleaning Blade 4036ma2505c0
2-19
C350_TH_E.book 20
Developing section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
8. Developing section
8.1 Composition
[3] [1]
[2]
4036ma2139c0
4036ma2130c0
[7]
[4]
[9]
[8] [5]
[3]
[6]
[2]
4036ma2010c1 4036ma2011c1

[1] Doctor Blade Controls the height of the developer brush on the Developing Roller
Supply/Agitating/Convey- Vertical two-shaft circulating system that employs screws having a
[2]
ing Screws small diameter arranged in the vertical direction
Conveys developer through magnetism to the point of development
[3] Developing Roller
Two-component developing system
Drives the PC Drum of the IU/Bk
[4] Bk PC Motor (M7) Energized by the Control Board (PWB-MC)
Brushless DC motor
Forms an image
[5] PC Drum/Bk
OPC drum (30 mm)
Developing Clutch/Bk Transmits drive to the Developing Roller, Supply/Agitating/Convey-
[6]
(CL2) ing Screws, and Toner Collecting Screw of the IU/Bk.
Drives the PC Drums of the IU/Y, IU/M, and IU/C
Color PC Drum Motor
[7] Energized by the Control Board (PWB-MC)
(M5)
Brushless DC motor
Forms an image of each of different colors
[8] PC Drum/Y
OPC drum (30 mm)
Drives the Developing Rollers, Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws,
Color Developing Motor and Toner Collecting Screws of the IU/Y, IU/M, and IU/C
[9]
(M6) Energized by the Control Board (PWB-MC)
Brushless DC motor
2-20
C350_TH_E.book 21
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Developing section
8.2 Drive
[9]
[6]
[8]
[7] [1]
[2] [3]
[5]
[4]
4036ma2603c0 4036ma2604c0
[1] PC Drum/Bk [6] Bk PC Motor (M7)

[2] Developing Roller [7] PC Drum/Y
[3] Toner Collecting Screw [8] Color Developing Motor (M6)
[4] Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws [9] Color PC Drum Motor (M5)
[5] Developing Clutch/Bk (CL2)
2-21
C350_TH_E.book 22
8.3 Operation
8.3.1 Developing Drive control
Main Motor ON Signal Retraction Signal
DC Printing DC AC *1 DC
Developing Bias/Y, M, C
Main Motor (M1)
Color PC Drum Motor (M5)
Bk PC Motor (M7)
DC AC *1 DC
Developing Bias/Bk
Printing DC
Drum Charge Corona Bias Y, M, C
Drum Charge Corona Bias Bk

Color Developing Motor (M6)
Developing Clutch/Bk (CL2)

1st Image Transfer Pressure/
4036ma2152c0
*1: Actual YMC timing depends on the position of each PC Drum.
8.3.2 Developer flow

1. Toner supplied from the front end of the Developing Unit is fed to the lower screw. It is
then fed to the rear of the unit, while being mixed with developer and electrically
charged by the Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws.
2. The ATDC Sensor installed on the underside of the Developing Unit detects toner-to-
carrier ratio during this time.
3. The developer, fed to the rear of the Developing Unit, is conveyed further to the upper
screw.
4. Because of the magnetic pole positioning of the Developing Roller, the developer is
conveyed onto the upper part of the Developing Roller. The Doctor Blade then controls
the height of the developer brush to ensure that the developer on the Developing Roller
levels out.
5. The Toner sticks to the electrostatic latent image on the surface of the PC Drum. The
developer that is left on the Sleeve is returned to the upper screw by the magnetic pole
positioning of the Developing Roller. It is then conveyed to the front side of the Develop-
ing Unit.
For IU/Y PC Drum/Y Developing Roller
Doctor Blade
Toner Supplied
from Hopper
Supply/Agitating/Conveying Screws 4036ma2605c0
2-22
C350_TH_E.book 23
8.3.3 Developing bias

The developing bias voltage (Vb) is applied to the Developing Roller so that an adequate
amount of toner is attracted onto the surface of the PC Drum.
In addition to the negative DC component, AC voltage is applied during development to
help toner to be attracted more easily to the surface of the PC Drum. This AC component
is applied only while development is taking place.
The developing bias (Vb) is supplied from High Voltage Unit/2.
Developing Bias
Developing Roller
4036ma2507c0
8.3.4 HMT (High grade Micro Toning) development

The machine employs the two-component non-contact development system.
With the HMT method, the magnetic developer brush does not rub against the surface of
the PC Drum (the images). Accordingly, sharper line images can be reproduced, involv-
ing no uneven image density at the trailing edge or thin lines and achieving even finer
reproduction of the solid image areas.
Developing Roller
PC Drum
4036ma2013c1
8.3.5 Developer scattering prevention mechanism

To prevent the image and machine interior from being dirtied, a filter installed in the rear
of the IU and the Toner Suction Fan Motor work to trap toner particles rising up during
development.
IU
Holder
Filter
Holder
4036ma2247c0
2-23
C350_TH_E.book 24
8.3.6 ATDC Sensor control

The ATDC Sensor is mounted on the underside of each of the Developing Sections. The
sensor for C, M, and Y is an optical type, while that for Bk is a magnetic type. Each of
these sensors detects toner-to-carrier ratio (T/C) of the developer. The reading is used
for determining the amount of toner supplied.
Only when a new Imaging Unit is installed in the machine, an automatic adjustment is
made of each of these ATDC Sensors. The sensors cannot be adjusted manually.
The target T/C is 8 % both for color and Bk. This T/C can, however, be changed using
ATDC Level of Image Adjust available from the Tech. Rep. mode.
A. Optical ATDC sensor
A bias is applied to the ATDC Sensor window to prevent toner from sticking to it. There is
a magnetic brush provided for the Conveying Screw portion to clean the surface of the
window.
The sensor portion is separated from the Developing Section (Imaging Unit). When the
ATDC Sensor is replaced, it is necessary to replace the Imaging Unit with a new one.
This represents the fact that the ATDC Sensor is adjusted only when a new Imaging Unit
is installed. In addition, if the LPH Unit is to be replaced, it is necessary to remove the
ATDC Sensor from the old LPH Unit and mounted it in the new LPH Unit.
B. Magnetic ATDC Sensor

The magnetic permeability (powder density) of the carrier in the developer is measured
to determine the T/C.
A mylar is provided for the Conveying Screw portion to scrape toner off the surface of the
ATDC Sensor.
The ATDC Sensor is integrated with the Imaging Unit. When the ATDC Sensor is to be
replaced with a new one, the entire Imaging Unit must be replaced.
ATDC Sensor/Y, M, C ATDC Sensor/Bk

Optical ATDC Sensor Magnetic ATDC Sensor
4036ma2508c0 4036ma2504c0
Magnetic
Brush Mylar
ATDC
Sensor ATDC Sensor/C, M, Y ATDC Sensor/Bk
Window (PWB-N1, N2, N3)
4036ma2187c0
4036ma2188c0
2-24
C350_TH_E.book 25
C. ATDC window bias

Since the optical ATDC Sensor is used for C, M, and Y, a bias is applied to the ATDC win-
dow to prevent toner from sticking to it. No bias is applied to the ATDC Sensor for Bk,
which is the magnetic type.
The bias is applied from the bias terminal of the LED Unit by way of the mounting screw
of the ATDC window to the ATDC window.
ATDC Bias
ATDC Window Screw
4036ma2509c0
2-25
C350_TH_E.book 26
Toner Supply section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
9. Toner Supply section

9.1 Composition
[1] [2] [3] [4]

4036ma2143c0
4036ma2510c0
[11]
[5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
[12]
[13]
[10] 4036ma2511c0
[14]
4036ma2512c1

[1] Cartridge/Y Replenishes the supply of Y toner
[2] Cartridge/M Replenishes the supply of M toner
[3] Cartridge/C Replenishes the supply of C toner
[4] Cartridge/Bk Replenishes the supply of Bk toner
[5] Toner Set Sensor/Bk Detects Cartridge/Bk as it is loaded in position
[6] Toner Set Sensor/C Detects Cartridge/C as it is loaded in position
2-26
C350_TH_E.book 27
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Toner Supply section

[7] Toner Set Sensor/M Detects Cartridge/M as it is loaded in position
[8] Toner Set Sensor/Y Detects Cartridge/Y as it is loaded in position
Drives the Agitating Blades and Metering Rollers of
Cartridges/Y and M
[9] Toner Supply Motor Y/M (M4)
Energized by the Control Board (PWB-MC)
Two-phase stepping motor
Drives the Agitating Blades and Metering Rollers of
Cartridges/C and Bk
[10] Toner Supply Motor C/Bk (M3)
[11] Agitating Blade/Y, M, C, Bk Agitates each of different colors of toner
Toner Near-Empty Sensor PQ/Y, M, C, Detects a near-empty condition of toner in Toner
[12]
Bk (PC15, PC16, PC17, PC18) Cartridge/Y, M, C, Bk
Toner Near-Empty Sensor LED/Y, M, C, Detects a near-empty condition of toner in Toner
[13]
Bk (PC21, PC22, PC23, PC24) Cartridge/Y, M, C, Bk
Limits the amount of each of different colors of
[14] Metering Roller/Y, M, C, Bk
toner supplied
9.2 Drive
[1]
[2]
[3]
4036ma2514c0
[4]
4036ma2515c1
[1] Toner Supply Motor Y/M (M4) [3] Agitating Blade/Y, M, C, Bk

[2] Toner Supply Motor C/Bk (M3) [4] Metering Roller/Y, M, C, Bk
2-27
C350_TH_E.book 28
9.3 Operation
9.3.1 Toner Replenishing mechanism/control
A. Toner replenishing mechanism
Toner is supplied from the Toner Cartridge of each color to the Imaging Unit of each color
according to the T/C detected by the corresponding ATDC Sensor.
A single Toner Supply Motor is turned either forward or backward to supply toner of two
different colors (Toner Supply Motor for Bk and C, and Toner Supply Motor for Y and M).
Toner Supply Toner Supply

Bk Toner C Toner Y Toner M Toner
Motor C/Bk (M3) Motor Y/M (M4)
Turned forward Energized Deenergized Turned forward Energized Deenergized
Turned backward Deenergized Energized Turned backward Deenergized Energized
When Bk Toner is Supplied When C Toner is Supplied
One-way clutch turns. One-way clutch turns.

4036ma2018c1 4036ma2025c1
Replenishing operation
1. Drive of the Toner Supply Motor is transmitted through a gear train to the drive gears of
the Toner Cartridges of two colors. A one-way clutch is used for each of these drive
gears, meaning that the drive gear turns in one direction only. Either one of these two
drive gears is turned according to whether the Toner Supply Motor turns forward or
backward.
2. As the drive gear turns, the Metering Roller turns to replenish the supply of a predeter-
mined amount of toner for the Imaging Unit. Rotation of the drive gear also turns the
Agitating Blade of the Toner Cartridge to agitate toner in the Toner Cartridge.
B. Toner replenishing control

T/C is detected when the Developing Clutch/Bk (CL2) is energized for Bk or when the
Color Developing Motor (M6) is energized for C, M, and Y (during a copy cycle).
The actual reading of T/C taken is compared with the T/C setting made in ATDC Level
of Image Adjust available from the Tech. Rep. mode. Based on this comparison, the
toner replenishing time is determined.
Since toner replenishing is possible only while the developer is being agitated, the maxi-
mum toner replenishing time is fixed. If it is not possible to replenish the supply of the
required amount of toner within this maximum replenishing time, the remainder time is
stored in memory and added to the replenishing time for the next replenishing sequence.
2-28
C350_TH_E.book 29
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Toner Supply section
9.3.2 Toner Near-Empty and Toner Empty detection control

A toner near-empty/empty condition is detected by the Toner Near-Empty Sensor PQ
and LED mounted on each of the Toner Cartridges.
A toner empty condition is detected by the ATDC Sensor.
Detection timing
1. The number of times is detected, in which the sensor remains activated for a given
period of time or more while the Agitating Blade turns one complete turn. If this count
reaches two, a toner near-empty condition is detected and the machine gives a corre-
sponding warning display.
2. A toner empty condition is detected if the T/C reading taken by the ATDC Sensor is
lower by 0.5% than the target value for a given continuous period of time after the toner
near-empty condition has been detected. The machine is then brought to a stop.
3. The toner empty condition is reset if the Toner Near-Empty Sensor remains deactivated
for a given period of time or more after the Toner Cartridge set lever has been unlocked
and locked or the Power Switch has been turned OFF and ON.
Toner Near-Empty Sensor

PQ/Y, M, C, Bk (PC15,
PC16, PC17, PC18)
Toner Near-Empty Sensor
LED/Y, M, C, Bk (PC21,
PC22, PC23, PC24)
Clear Window 4036ma2149c1
Toner Near-Empty Toner Empty
4036ma2054e0 4036ma2055e0
A different toner empty screen is displayed if User is selected for Unit Change avail-
able from the Tech. Rep. mode.
2-29
C350_TH_E.book 30
9.3.3 Shutter mechanism

To prevent toner from being spilled when the Toner Cartridge is removed from the
machine, there is a shutter mechanism provided. When the Toner Cartridge is installed in
the machine, the shutter opens.
Before Toner Cartridge is Installed When Toner Cartridge is Installed

4036ma2517c0
Shutter
4036ma2516c0
2-30
C350_TH_E.book 31
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Transfer Corona section
10. Transfer Corona section

10.1 Composition
10.1.1 1st Image Transfer section
[1]
4036ma2152c0
4036ma2518c0
[9]
[10] [11] [12] [2]
[8] [3] [4] [5]
[7]
[6]
4036ma2606c0
[13]
[15]
4036ma2157c0
[14]
2-31
C350_TH_E.book 32
Transfer Corona section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004

[1] Paper Separator Claws Separate paper
Transfers the toner image from the PC Drum/C onto
the Transfer Belt (1st image transfer)
[2] 1st Image Transfer Roller/C
Image Transfer Roller system
Constant voltage control
Forms an appropriate contacting surface between
[3] Lifting Mylar the PC Drum and the Transfer Belt at the 1st Image
Transfer Roller/Bk portion
Transfers the toner image from the PC Drum/Bk
onto the Transfer Belt (1st image transfer)
[4] 1st Image Transfer Roller/Bk
[5] Transfer Belt Drive Roller Driven by the Main Motor
Changes the Transfer Belt face between the color

[6] Retraction Roller
mode and monochrome mode
Conveys waste toner from the Belt Cleaning Sec-
[7] Waste Toner Conveying Screw tion to the Toner Collecting Section
Screw type
Whisks the surface of the Transfer Belt clean of
[8] Cleaning Brush
toner
[9] Tension Roller Prevents the Transfer Belt from slacking
Transfers the toner image from the PC Drum/Y onto
the Transfer Belt (1st image transfer)
[10] 1st Image Transfer Roller/Y
Transfers the toner image from the PC Drum/M
onto the Transfer Belt (1st image transfer)
[11] 1st Image Transfer Roller/M
The belt, on which toner images are formed by the
[12] Transfer Belt 1st Image Transfer Rollers in the order of Y, M, C,
and Bk.
Changes the position of the 1st Image Transfer
[13] Pressure Cam Roller/Y, M, C, Bk either in the pressed or retracted
position
1st Image Transfer Retraction Position Detects the 1st Image Transfer Roller at its
[14]
Sensor (PC12) retracted position
Provides drive for pressure and retraction operation
1st Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction
[15] of the 1st Image Transfer Roller/Y, M, C, Bk
Motor (M11)
2-32
C350_TH_E.book 33
10.1.2 2nd Image Transfer section
[1]
4036ma2019c1
[1]
[2]
[3]
4036ma2243c0
[6]
[5]
[4]
4036ma2154c0
[7] 4036ma2542c0

Transfers the toner images in four colors of toner on
the Transfer Belt to the paper
[1] 2nd Image Transfer Roller
2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retrac- Detects the 2nd Image Transfer Roller at its retracted
[2]
tion Sensor (PC29) position
Provides drive for pressure and retraction operation of
2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retrac-
[3] the 2nd Image Transfer Roller
tion Motor (M13)
DC brush motor
Detects color shift (incorrect color registration) in the
[4] AIDC/Registration Sensor/1 (PC8)
image on the front side in the main scanning direction
Prevents AIDC/Registration Sensors/1 and 2 (PC8
[5] Shutter
and 9) from being contaminated
Detects color shift in the image on the rear side in the
[6] AIDC/Registration Sensor/2 (PC9)
main scanning direction
[7] Temperature/Humidity Sensor (PC7) Detects temperature/humidity inside the machine
2-33
C350_TH_E.book 34
10.2 Drive
10.2.1 1st Image Transfer section
[1]
[2]
4036ma2020c1
[10] [3]
[9] [4]
[8] [5]
[6]
4036ma2158c0
[7]
[1] Transfer Belt [6] 1st Image Transfer Roller/M

[2] Main Motor (M1) [7] 1st Image Transfer Retraction Position Sensor (PC12)
[3] Sliding Plate [8] 1st Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Motor (M11)
[4] Cam [9] 1st Image Transfer Roller/C
[5] 1st Image Transfer Roller/Y [10] 1st Image Transfer Roller/Bk
2-34
C350_TH_E.book 35
10.2.2 2nd Image Transfer section
[1]
[2]
[4]
[3]
[8]
[4]
[7]
[6]
[5]
4036ma2156c0
[1] 2nd Image Transfer Roller [5] Pressure Lever

2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Sensor
[2] [6] AIDC/Registration Sensor/1 (PC8)
(PC29)
[3] 2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Motor (M13) [7] Shutter
[4] Cam [8] AIDC/Registration Sensor/2 (PC9)
10.3 Operation
10.3.1 Transfer Belt speed control
The Transfer Belt is driven by the Main Motor.
The appropriate belt speed is selected according to the print mode and paper type as
detailed below.
Paper Type Print Mode Main Motor Speed (mm/s)

Monochrome 165
Plain paper Color
100
ACS
Thick paper 1, 2, 3; enve-
lopes, OHP transparencies, 60
Glossy Mode
2-35
C350_TH_E.book 36
10.3.2 1st Image Transfer Roller mechanism

The machine is provided with a mechanism that presses the 1st Image Transfer Rollers
up against the inside of the Transfer Belt during the 1st image transfer stage. The 1st
Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Motor (M11) provides the drive for this operation.
The 1st Image Transfer Retraction Position Sensor detects the 1st Image Transfer Roller
at its retracted position.
The pressure position is determined through pulse control.
A. Pressure/retraction operation
Pressure operation
1. Drive from the 1st Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Motor is transmitted through a
gear train to the drive gear.
2. Rotation of the drive gear turns the pressure cam, which allows the Sliding Plate to
move.
3. As the Sliding Plate moves, the spring is released. This lowers the 1st Image Transfer
Roller and the roller presses against the Transfer Belt.
Retraction operation
1. When the drive gear turns backward, the pressure cam also turns backward, pushing
to move the Sliding Plate.
2. As the Sliding Plate moves, the Pressure Lever is then pressed to raise the 1st Image
Transfer Roller, allowing the roller to leave the Transfer Belt.

Cam
4036ma2159c0
When Retracted When Pressed
Spring
4036ma2021c1 4036ma2022c1
1st Image Transfer Roller
Operation timing
Start Key ON Paper Moves Past 2nd Image Transfer Roller
Main Motor (M1)

1st Image Transfer Retraction
Position Sensor (PC12)
4036ma2160c0
2-36
C350_TH_E.book 37
B. Pressure position changing mechanism

To extend the service life of the PC Drum/Y, M, C, the pressure position of the 1st Image
Transfer Roller is changed between the monochrome mode and the color mode. In the
monochrome mode, the 1st Image Transfer Roller/Y, M, C is left in the retracted position
and the PC Drum/Y, M, C is stopped.
The pressure position is changed by varying the pulse count of the 1st Image Transfer
Pressure/Retraction Motor, which results in the pressure cam stop position being varied.
The pressure position of the Image Transfer Roller is also changed by changing the stop
position of the Sliding Plate.
Color mode:
The pressure position of the Image Transfer Roller is where the PC Drum is in contact
with the Transfer Belt for all four colors of toner.
Monochrome mode:
The pressure position of the Image Transfer Roller/Y, M, C is where the PC Drum/Y, M, C
leaves the Transfer Belt. While that of the Image Transfer Roller/Bk is where the PC
Drum/Bk is in contact with the Transfer Belt. This allows the PC Drum/Y, M, C to remain
stationary in this mode.
Sliding Plate
Cam Position A
Retracted
Position
Y M C Bk
Cam Position B
Monochrome
Mode
M C Bk
Y
Cam Position C
Color Mode
Y M C Bk
Retraction Roller Transfer Belt 1st Image Lifting Mylar

Transfer
Roller PC Drum 4036ma2161c0
2-37
C350_TH_E.book 38
C. Retraction mechanism
At the same time that the pressure position is changed, the Retraction Roller moves up
and down to change the position of the image transfer on the surface of the Transfer Belt
to suit the specific mode, either monochrome or color.
Like the pressure position changing mechanism, the position at which the pressure cam
is stopped is changed to move the Retraction Lever, which results in the Retraction
Roller being moved up and down.
Retracted Position
Retraction Roller
Cam Position C
4036ma2162c0
Retraction Lever
Driven Roller
Monochrome Mode Color Mode
4036ma2165c0
4036ma2166c0
D. Backup mechanism
Since the Retraction Roller changes the belt path so that the Transfer Belt does not touch
the PC Drum/Y, M, C in the monochrome mode, the nip width between the Transfer Belt
and PC Drum/Bk at the 1st Image Transfer Roller/Bk will become smaller, thus resulting
in possible void images. To prevent this from occurring, there is Lifting Mylar installed
before the 1st Image Transfer Roller/Bk to help maintain a good nip width.
Transfer Belt
Lifting Mylar
Retraction Roller Y M C Bk
4036ma2163c0
Lifting Mylar
1st Image Transfer Roller/Bk
PC Drum/Bk
4036ma2164c0
2-38
C350_TH_E.book 39
10.3.3 2nd Image Transfer Roller pressure mechanism

The machine is provided with a mechanism that presses the 2nd Image Transfer Roller
up against, and retracts it from, the Transfer Belt to prevent the 2nd Image Transfer Roller
from being dirtied due to patterns produced for purposes other than an actual copying
operation, which may be a pattern produced during the image stabilization sequence or
other function.
A. Pressure/retraction operation
1. Drive from the 2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Motor is transmitted through a
gear train to the drive gear.
2. The rotation of the drive gear turns the pressure cam a half turn, which pushes down
the Pressure Lever. This causes the 2nd Image Transfer Roller to be pressed up
against the Transfer Belt.
3. At this time, the 2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction Sensor detects whether the
2nd Image Transfer Roller is located at the pressure position.
4. When the motor is energized a second time, the pressure cam turns another half turn.
This releases the Pressure Lever, which moves the 2nd Image Transfer Roller to, and
stops it at, the retracted position.
2nd Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction

Sensor (PC29)
2nd Image Transfer

Roller
Cam 4036ma2519c0
When Retracted When Pressed
Drive Roller
2nd Image
Transfer Roller
Cam 4036ma2168c0 4036ma2023c1
2-39
C350_TH_E.book 40
Operation Timing
Start Key ON Paper moves past 2nd Image Transfer Roller
Main Motor (M1)

Retraction Sensor (PC29)
4036ma2170c0
10.3.4 AIDC Sensor Shutter mechanism

The AIDC Sensor can be contaminated with toner since it is located under the Transfer
Belt. There is a shutter mechanism provided for the sensor to prevent it from being con-
taminated.
The shutter opens and closes in synchronism with the pressure and retraction motion of
the 2nd Image Transfer Roller. When the 2nd Image Transfer Roller is retracted from the
Transfer Belt, the Pressure Pin pushes the Shutter Holder. This moves the Shutter at the
AIDC Sensor to the front side.
When the 2nd Image Transfer Roller is pressed against the Transfer Belt, on the other
hand, the Shutter of the AIDC Sensor is moved by a spring force to the rear side and
closed.
2nd Image Transfer Roller Shutter

Retracted Open
Pressed Closed

AIDC Sensor/2
(PC9)
Pressure
Shutter Holder Pin
Shutter
4036ma2172c0
AIDC Sensor/1 (PC8) 4036ma2171c0
When Sensor Shutter is Closed When Sensor Shutter is Open
4036ma2540c0 4036ma2541c0
2-40
C350_TH_E.book 41
10.3.5 ATVC (Auto Transfer Voltage Control)

To optimize image transfer output, the machine is provided with ATVC control, or Auto
Transfer Voltage Control. The control lets a constant current flow through each of the
Image Transfer Rollers. Then, from the voltage detected, the resistances of the 1st
Image Transfer Roller, 2nd Image Transfer Roller, and Transfer Belt are measured. The
optimum image transfer output voltages applied to the 1st and 2nd Image Transfer Roll-
ers during printing are thereby automatically adjusted.
A. Overview of ATVC operation
HV1
Constant Voltage
Constant Measured Constant

Constant current is output to the 1st or Current Resistance Current
2nd Image Transfer Roller. Value
The resistance of the 1st or 2nd Image 2nd Image Transfer Roller 1st Image Transfer Roller
Transfer Roller is measured.
Transfer Belt Transfer Belt
The voltage to be applied the 1st or 2nd Transfer Belt Drive Roller PC Drum Ground
Image Transfer Roller is determined.
4036ma2520c0
2nd Image Transfer Current Feedback Terminal
B. 1st image transfer ATVC operation

1. The 1st image transfer constant current for each color of toner output from the DC
power Supply/1 is fed back to the DC power Supply/1 via the 1st Image Transfer Roller,
Transfer Belt, and PC Drum ground. This allows the resistance of the Transfer Belt to be
measured.
2. The measured resistance is used as the basis for determining the optimum 1st image
transfer voltage for each color of toner.
C. 2nd image transfer ATVC operation

1. The 2nd image transfer constant current output from the DC power Supply/1 is fed back
to the DC power Supply/1 via the 2nd Image Transfer Roller, Transfer Belt, and Transfer
Belt Drive Roller. This allows the resistance of the Transfer Belt to be measured.
2. The measured resistance, together with the type of paper, temperature and humidity,
and the color or monochrome mode, is used as the basis for determining the optimum
2nd image transfer voltage.
D. 1st and 2nd image transfer ATVC operation timing

The 1st and 2nd image transfer ATVC operations are carried out immediately before the
execution of image stabilization control.
The control operation is not, however, performed in Image Stabilizer Mode 3.
2-41
C350_TH_E.book 42
10.3.6 Transfer Belt cleaning

To scrape residual toner off the surface of the Transfer Belt, the Transfer Belt is provided
with a Cleaning Brush and a Charging Brush.
The Cleaning Brush is a rotary brush. To enhance its ability to scrape residual toner off
the surface of the Transfer Belt, the brush is turned in a direction opposite to that of the
Transfer Belt. The Cleaning Brush Motor provides the drive for this system.
The Charging Brush is located on the upstream side of the Cleaning Brush. A bias (+DC)
is applied to the Toner Collecting Roller to let current flow through the Cleaning Brush,
Transfer Belt, and Charging Brush. Through potential difference involved, toner left on
the surface of the Transfer Belt is conveyed to the Toner Collecting Roller.
Cleaning Brush Charging Brush

Transfer Belt
Toner Collecting
Roller
Driven Roller
+
HV1 Toner Collecting Screw
4036ma2024c2 Cleaning Brush 4036ma2609c0
A. Operation timing
Since there is a possibility of the machine being stopped with toner left on the Transfer
Belt, the machine operates the Transfer Belt cleaning sequence when the Power Switch
is turned ON, or when the Right Door, Left Door, or Front Door is opened and closed.
Cleaning Start Signal
Main Motor (M1)
Cleaning Brush Motor (M22)
Transfer Belt Cleaning Bias
4036ma2174c0
2-42
C350_TH_E.book 43
10.3.7 2nd Image Transfer Roller cleaning

To remove residual toner off the surface of the 2nd Image Transfer Roller, a +/- DC bias is
applied alternately to the roller, thereby moving the residual toner to the surface of the
Transfer Belt.
The Cleaning Brush then scrapes off the toner on the surface of the Transfer Belt.
- - -
- - -
-
- +
HV1
Transfer Belt 2nd Image 4036ma2175c0
Cleaning Brush Transfer Roller
Operation timing
The cleaning sequence is carried out after a sequence, in which the Image Transfer Roll-
ers are retracted from the Transfer Belt, which takes place when the Power Switch is
turned ON, or the Right Door, Left Door, or Front Door is opened and closed.
The sequence is also carried out at the end of a print cycle that is run after the cumula-
tive number of printed pages produced has exceeded 100, or during a print cycle that is
run after the cumulative number of printed pages produced has exceeded 120, since the
previous cleaning operation.
At this time, the cumulative number of printed pages counts up 1 for 216 mm or less of
printed paper FD length, and 2 for more than 216 mm of printed paper FD length.
After the end of Transfer Belt Cleaning

Retraction Motor (M11) Retracted
2nd Image Transfer Reverse Retra
Bias cted
4036ma2178c0
2-43
C350_TH_E.book 44
10.3.8 Charge neutralization and separation of paper

To neutralize any charge potential left in the paper which has undergone the 2nd image
transfer stage, a Charge Neutralizing Cloth is installed to the guide plate after the 2nd
Image Transfer Roller.
The output of the Charge Neutralizing Cloth is switched automatically using the DC
power Supply/1 according to the paper type and the environmental conditions.
Also provided are the three Transfer Belt Paper Separator Claws that properly separate
paper after the 2nd image transfer stage from the Transfer Belt.
Paper Separator Claws

Charge Neutralizing Cloth
HV1
Transfer Belt 2nd Image
Transfer Roller 4036ma2176c0
4036ma2546c0
Switching of output of the Charge Neutralizing Cloth
Paper Type Ambience Control Detailed Description

A negative charge, which is the reverse polarity to
the positive output from the 2nd Transfer Roller, is
1-sided print- Low humidity Bias applied
applied to prevent the paper from being wound
ing on the around the Transfer Belt.
plain paper
Normal GND through

High humidity resistors
Bias is applied regardless of the ambient condi-
2nd side of 2-
tions, since the paper to go to the 2nd side print
sided printing
Bias applied cycle, which has undergone the fusing process, has
on the plain
the condition equivalent to paper under low humid-
paper
ity ambience.
Paper is stiff enough to present no separation prob-
Special paper
GND through lems.
other than
resistors To prevent separation noise, grounded through
plain paper
resistors regardless of the ambient conditions.
2-44
C350_TH_E.book 45
10.3.9 Detection of New Transfer Belt Unit

When a new Transfer Belt Unit is installed in the machine, the life counter is automatically
cleared through new unit detection.
The new unit detection is made when the Power Switch is turned OFF and ON or the
Right Door is opened and closed.
New unit detection timing/operation
The Power Switch is turned OFF

and ON, Front Door opened and Lets the Transfer Belt perform ini-
closed, or Left Door opened and tial operation.
closed
Makes image transfer ATVC
Checks whether the Transfer Belt adjustment.
Unit is mounted or not.
Runs image stabilization

sequence.
New unit detection check
New Unit is release (Life counter

clear)
2-45
C350_TH_E.book 46
10.3.10 ACS control

This machine adopts ACS control, which controls switching of the print mode according
to the number of the continuous monochrome originals to achieve both a higher copying
productivity and longer service life of the consumables. This control functions in the ACS
mode only. (ACS: Auto Color Selection)
In the ACS control, the number of the continuous monochrome originals is checked when
the color originals are switched to the monochrome ones. If the number of the continuous
monochrome originals is less than a predetermined value, monochrome printing is made
in the color mode. If, however, the number of the continuous monochrome originals is the
predetermined value or more, the print mode is switched to monochrome since the time
wasted for PC Drum rotation is larger than the time loss required for switching to the
monochrome mode.
The ACS control does not function until the number of the continuous monochrome orig-
inals has been counted. Accordingly, ACS control is provided only within the range of the
number of the originals scanned for the first set of copies. This will result in ACS control
not necessarily functioning at the optimum performance.
This function works most effectively in the following conditions:
For the 2nd set of copies onward in electronic sorting
Printing using job programs
Multiple Enlargement mode
(that involves ACS detection processing made at the end of the prescan)
Paper Size Effecting monochrome printing in color mode Switching to monochrome mode
A4/Letter 3 sheets or less 4 sheets or more
A4R/Letter R 2 sheets or less 3 sheets or more
B4/11 14 2 sheets or less 3 sheets or more
A3/11 17 1 sheet or less 2 sheets or more
Effecting monochrome printing in color mode

(effecting monochrome printing with the four PC Drums rotating)
Color print Monochrome print Color print
PC Drum/Bk
PC Drum/Y 4036ma2241c0
Switching to monochrome mode
Color print Monochrome print
4036ma2242c0
2-46
C350_TH_E.book 47
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Toner Collecting section
11. Toner Collecting section

11.1 Composition
[1]
4036ma2180c0
[3]
[2]
4036ma2026c1

Conveys waste toner from the IU to the Toner Col-
[1] IU Toner Collecting Screw lecting Section.
Screw type
Conveys waste toner from the Transfer Belt
Transfer Belt Toner Collecting
[2] Cleaning Section to the Toner Collecting Section.
Screw
Screw type
[3] Waste Toner Bottle Container for waste toner
2-47
C350_TH_E.book 48
Toner Collecting section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
11.2 Drive
[1]
[6] [2]
[3]
[5]
[4]
4036ma2027c1
[1] Bk PC Motor (M7) [4] Transfer Belt Toner Collecting Screw

[2] IU Toner Collecting Screw [5] Toner Collecting Roller
[3] Cleaning Brush [6] Cleaning Brush Motor (M22)
2-48
C350_TH_E.book 49
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Toner Collecting section
11.3 Operation
11.3.1 Toner collecting mechanism
Toner collected by the Cleaning Brush of the Transfer Belt and waste toner in each of the
Imaging Units are conveyed by the corresponding Toner Collecting Screws to the Waste
Toner Bottle.
IU Toner Collecting Screw
Waste Toner Bottle
4036ma2554c0
Transfer Belt Toner

Collecting Screw
4036ma2547c0
11.3.2 Waste Toner Bottle-in-position detection

The Waste Toner Bottle Set Sensor is provided to detect a Waste Toner Bottle loaded in
position. Timing for this detection is when the Power Switch is turned OFF and ON, or the
Left Door is opened and closed. If the Waste Toner Bottle is found to be out of position,
the machine inhibits the initiation of a new print cycle.
Waste Toner Bottle Set Sensor(pc32)
4036ma2545c0
Waste Toner Bottle
2-49
C350_TH_E.book 50
Toner Collecting section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
11.3.3 Waste Toner Near-Full/Full detection control

A. Waste toner near-full detection control
An optical sensor is used to detect waste toner. When the sensor is blocked for a given
period of time, the machine determines that the Waste Toner Bottle is nearly full of waste
toner.
At this time, a corresponding warning (near-full warning) is given on the control panel.
To prevent false detection, an Agitation Screw is mounted in the Waste Toner Bottle so
that the waste toner is accumulated in the bottle evenly.
B. Waste toner full detection control
At the same time that the waste toner near-full condition has been detected, the counter
exclusive for the waste toner inside of the machine starts counting. When the counter
reaches about 8k, the machine determines that the Waste Toner Bottle is full and stops
operation.
Counting method of the counter exclusive for the waste toner is corrected to count the
value appropriately according to the color or monochrome mode or paper length.

After the Waste Toner Bottle has been replaced and the Waste Toner Full Sensor has
been unblocked for a given period of time, the machine cancels the copying-disabled
condition, while at the same time automatically clearing the counter exclusive for the
waste toner.
Waste Toner Bottle
Waste Toner Full

Sensor (PC31)
Agitating
Screw
4036ma2028c1
4036ma2524c0
Near-Full Condition Warning Display

Before Near-Full Condition Near-Full Condition
is Detected Detected
4036ma2182c0
Waste Toner Full Condition Warning Display 4036ma2056e0
4036ma2057e0
A different toner full warning screen is displayed if User is selected for Unit Change
available from the Tech. Rep. mode.
2-50
C350_TH_E.book 51
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Paper feed section
12. Paper feed section

12.1 Composition
12.1.1 Tray1
[2] [3]
[1]
4036ma2033c1
4036ma2111c0
[4] [3]
[13] [5]
[2]
[12]
[1]
[11]
[6]
[7]
[10]
[9] [8]
4036ma2034c1

[1] Tray1 Separator Roller Prevents double feed of paper from Tray1
[2] Tray1 Paper Take-up Roller Takes up a sheet of paper from Tray1
[3] Tray1 Double Feed Sensor (PC1) Detects double feed of paper in Tray1
Transmits drive from the Main Motor to Paper Take-up
[4] Tray1 Paper Feed Clutch (CL1)
Roller/1
[5] Tray1 Paper Empty Sensor (PC2) Detects paper in Tray1
[6] Paper Type Setting Dial Used to set the type of paper in Tray1
[7] Paper Type Board (PWB-S) Detects the type of paper loaded in Tray1
[8] Tray1 CD Paper Size Sensor (PC3) Detects the paper size in the width direction in Tray1
[9] Paper Guide Aligns the paper stack in Tray1
Plate on which the paper stack is loaded in Tray1
Maximum paper capacity
[10] Paper Lifting Plate Plain paper: 250 sheets
Thick paper, OHP transparencies, postcards, and
labels: 20 sheets
2-51
C350_TH_E.book 52
Paper feed section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004

[11] Tray1 Paper Size Board (PWB-I1) Detects the paper size in the length direction in Tray1
Tray1 Paper Near-Empty Sensor
[12] Detects the paper level in Tray1
(PC13)
[13] Tray1 Set Sensor (PC14) Detects Tray1 slid in the correct position
12.1.2 Tray2
[6] [1] [2]

[1] [6]
[5]
[5] [4] [3] 4036ma2521c0
4036ma2039c1
[8] [9]
[7]
4036ma2538c0
[10] [11]
[19]
[8]
[16] [20]
[17] [18]
[15] [7] [9]
[14]
[2] [4]
[13] [12] 4036ma2035c1
2-52
C350_TH_E.book 53

[1] Tray2 Pick-up Roller Takes up a sheet of paper from Tray2
[2] Tray2 Lift-up Sensor (PC105) Detects the upper limit of paper stack in Tray2
[3] Polyethylene Sheet Prevents paper skew
[4] Tray2 Paper Empty Sensor (PC106) Detects paper in Tray2
[5] Tray2 Separator Roller Prevents double feed of paper from Tray2
[6] Tray2 Paper Take-up Roller Takes up a sheet of paper from Tray2
[7] Tray2 Paper Take-up Sensor (PC107) Detects paper at the paper take-up section of Tray2
Tray2 Vertical Transport Sensor
[8] Detects paper at the transport section of Tray2
(PC108)
[9] Vertical Transport Roller/2 Transports paper
Drives the paper take-up mechanism
[10] Tray2 Paper Feed Motor (M102) Energized by the Tray2 Board (PWB-Z)
Drives the paper transport mechanism of Tray2
[11] Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor (M103) Energized by the Tray2 Board (PWB-Z)
Plate on which the paper stack is loaded in Tray2
[12] Paper Lifting Plate Maximum paper capacity
Plain paper: 500 sheets
[13] Paper Guide Aligns the paper stack in Tray2
Detects the paper size in the length direction in
[14] Tray2 Paper Size Board (PWB-I2)
Tray2
[15] Tray2 Board Drives the motor
Detects the paper size in the width direction in
[16] Tray2 CD Paper Size Sensor/L (PC102)
Tray2
[17] Tray2 Set Sensor (PC103) Detects Tray2 slid in the correct position
Detects the paper size in the width direction in
[18] Tray2 CD Paper Size Sensor/S (PC101)
Tray2
Drives the Paper Lifting Plate for ascent motion
[19] Tray2 Lift-up Motor (M101)
DC brush motor
Tray2 Paper Near-Empty Sensor
[20] Detects the paper level in Tray2
(PC104)
2-53
C350_TH_E.book 54
12.2 Drive
12.2.1 Tray1
[3]
[1]
[2]
4036ma2036c1
[1] Tray1 Paper Take-up Roller [3] Main Motor (M1)

[2] Tray1 Paper Feed Clutch (CL1)
12.2.2 Tray2
[1]
[7]
[2]
[6]
[5]
[3] [4]
4036ma2037c1
[1] Vertical Transport Roller/2 [5] Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor (M103)
[2] Tray2 Paper Take-up Roller [6] Tray2 Lift-up Motor (M101)
[3] Tray2 Pick-up Roller [7] Tray2 Paper Feed Motor (M102)
[4] Paper Lifting Plate
2-54
C350_TH_E.book 55
12.3 Operation
12.3.1 Paper Take-up control (Tray1)
Start Key ON
Synchronizing Roller ON Synchronizing Roller ON
Main Motor (M1)
Tray1 Paper Feed Clutch (CL1)
Intermediate Transport Motor (M14)
Synchronizing Roller Clutch (CL3)
Synchronizing Roller Sensor (PC28)
4036ma2121c0
12.3.2 Tray1 double feed control

To reduce paper misfeed involved with double feed, the Tray1 Double Feed Sensor is
provided at a point immediately after the Tray1 Paper Take-up Roller.
If the second sheet of paper reaches the Tray1 Double Feed Sensor during the paper
take-up sequence for the first sheet of paper, the paper take-up motion is delayed to
allow an appropriate distance between two successive sheets of paper.
1st Sheet of Paper
Synchronizing Roller
Tray1 Paper Take-up Roller
2nd Sheet of Paper
Tray1 Double Feed Sensor (PC13)
4036ma2115c0
12.3.3 Deceleration control

Deceleration control is provided only when paper is fed from Tray2 or Bypass with a sys-
tem speed of 165 mm/sec. or 100 mm/sec. The Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor is con-
trolled so that the period of time that begins when the paper take-up sequence is started
and ends when the paper reaches the Synchronizing Roller becomes a predetermined
value. The control thereby prevents a paper misfeed from occurring and ensures produc-
tivity.
The deceleration control is provided based on the information on the timing, at which the
Tray2 Vertical Transport Sensor is activated.
2-55
C350_TH_E.book 56
12.3.4 Paper supply level detection control

There is a window in the front cover of the cassette for indicating the paper supply level.
When the Paper Lifting Plate goes up, a red lever appears in the window. The lower the
level of the paper stack, the more the red portion is visible.
4036ma2525c0
4036ma2526c0
Paper Supply Level Indicator in Cassette Front Cover Lever
12.3.5 Paper Near-Empty/Paper Empty detection

When the Paper Near-empty Sensor is blocked, a corresponding warning display is given
on the control panel.
The paper supply level when a paper near-empty condition is detected is about 50 30
sheets.
The Paper Empty Sensor detects a paper empty condition.
Tray1
A Near-empty Condition An Empty Condition
4036ma2038c1
4036ma2116c0
Tray1 Paper Near-empty Sensor (PC13) Tray1 Paper Empty Sensor (PC2)
Tray2
A Near-empty Condition An Empty Condition
Tray2 Paper Near-empty Sensor Tray2
(PC104) Paper Empty Sensor (PC106)
Tray2 Lift-up
Motor (M101)
4036ma2017c1 4036ma2612c0
2-56
C350_TH_E.book 57
12.3.6 Tray1 paper type detting

Tray1 is an MPC that requires that the type of paper be set.
Changing the position of the Paper Type Setting Dial selects different controls on the
machine side as detailed below.
System Speed Heating Roller Set 1st Image 2nd Image

Paper Type Vg Vb
(mm/s) Temperature (C) Transfer Transfer Table
Monochrome
mode 190
Plain paper, 2nd side 165

plain paper Color/ACS
mode 180
100
Thick paper 1, 2nd
side thick paper 1
Thick paper 2, 2nd
side thick paper 2 185
Thick paper 3
2nd side thick paper 3
60
Envelopes
190
170
OHP transparencies (humidity during a
color print cycle
exceeds 60%)
: Varies depending on the paper type
: Not vary
Select thick paper 2 to use postcards.
Select thick paper 1 to use labels.
Paper Type Board (PWB-S)
Paper Type Setting Dial
4036ma2040c0
2-57
C350_TH_E.book 58
12.3.7 Paper size detection control

The width size (CD) and length size (FD) of the paper are detected. The paper size is
determined based on the combination of these two sizes detected.
A. Tray1
Metric Area
Tray1 Paper Size Board (PWB-I1) Tray1 CD Paper Size

Paper Size
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 Sensor (PC3)
ON OFF ON OFF H A6R
ON OFF ON OFF L A5
OFF ON OFF ON H B6R
OFF ON OFF ON L B5
OFF OFF ON OFF H A5R
OFF OFF ON OFF L A4

ON/OFF ON ON/OFF OFF H B5R
OFF OFF OFF OFF/ON L A4R
ON ON ON ON L A3
OFF ON ON ON L A3 Wide
ON OFF OFF OFF L FLS
2-58
C350_TH_E.book 59
Inch Area
Tray1 Paper Size Board (PWB-I1) Tray1 CD Paper Size

Paper Size
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 Sensor (PC3)
OFF OFF ON OFF H 5.5 8.5R
OFF OFF ON OFF L 8.5 11
OFF OFF ON ON L 8.5 11R
OFF ON OFF ON L Executive
OFF ON ON OFF H Executive R
ON OFF ON OFF L 5.5 8.5
ON ON ON OFF H 8.5 14
ON ON ON ON L 11 17
OFF ON ON ON L A3 Wide
Tray1 Paper Size Board (PWB-I1)
4 3 2 1
Guide
4036ma2042c1
2-59
C350_TH_E.book 60
B. Tray2
Tray2 Paper Size Board (PWB-I2) Tray2 CD Paper Tray2 CD Paper

Size Sensor/S Size Sensor/L Paper Size
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 (PC101) (PC102)
OFF OFF ON ON H L B5
ON/OFF ON ON ON L L A5R *1
ON/OFF ON ON ON H L A4
ON ON OFF ON L L B5R
ON ON/OFF OFF OFF L H A4R
OFF OFF OFF ON H L B4
OFF ON/OFF OFF OFF H L A3
ON ON ON ON L L 5.5 8.5 *2
ON ON ON ON H H Letter
OFF ON ON OFF L H Letter R
OFF OFF OFF ON L H Legal
OFF OFF OFF ON H H 11 14
OFF ON OFF OFF H H 11 17
OFF OFF OFF OFF L H FLS(8 13) *3
Folio *3
OFF OFF OFF OFF L H
(8-1/4 13)
OFF OFF OFF OFF L H 8-1/2 13 *3
OFF OFF OFF OFF L H FLS *3
OFF ON ON ON H H K16
OFF OFF ON OFF H H K8
*1: Metric Area only

*2: Inch Area only
*3: Detected if selected using FLS Paper available from Tech. Rep. mode
Tray2 Paper Size Board (PWB-I2)

4 3 2 1
Guide
4036ma2043c1
2-60
C350_TH_E.book 61
12.3.8 Tray2 paper lifting motion control

A. When Tray2 is slid in
The paper lifting motion is started if the Tray2 Lift-up Sensor is unblocked with Tray2 slid
in the machine.
When the Tray2 Lift-up Sensor is blocked after the paper lifting motion has been started,
the motor is deenergized.
Tray2 Lift-up Motor (M101) Tray2 Lift-up Sensor (PC105)
Paper Lifting Plate
4036ma2232c0
4036ma2607c0
Tray2 Slid in Lifting Completed
Tray2 Set Sensor (PC103)
Tray2 Lift-up Sensor (PC105)
Tray2 Lift-up Motor (M101)
4036ma2231c0
B. During a copy cycle

As paper is consumed, the Paper Take-up Roller gradually lowers to unblock the Tray2
Lift-up Sensor. The Tray2 Lift-up Motor is then energized again to lift the paper stack.
When the Tray2 Lift-up Sensor is then blocked, the Tray2 Lift-up Motor is deenergized.
The sequence of these operations is repeated to keep constant the pressure between
the Paper Take-up Roller and paper stack (paper take-up pressure) regardless of the
amount of paper still available for use.
Tray2 Lift-up Sensor (PC105)
4036ma2233c0 4036ma2232c0
2-61
C350_TH_E.book 62
Bypass section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
13. Bypass section

13.1 Composition
[4] [3] [2] [1]

4036ma2528c0
4036ma2122c0
[9]
[6]
[5] 4036ma2125c0
4036ma2124c0
[8] [7]

Bypass FD Paper Size Sensor/4
[1] Detects the Bypass paper size in the length direction
(PC114)
(PC113)
(PC112)
(PC111)
[5] Bypass Paper Take-up Roller Takes up a sheet of paper
[6] Bypass Paper Empty Sensor (PC110) Detects paper in the Bypass Section
Plate on which the paper stack is loaded in the
Bypass Section
[7] Paper Lifting Plate Maximum paper capacity
Plain paper: 150 sheets
Thick paper, postcards, and labels: 50 sheets
[8] Bypass Separator Roller Prevents double feed of paper
For ascent and descent motion of the Paper Lifting
[9] Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid
Plate
2-62
C350_TH_E.book 63
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Bypass section
13.2 Drive
[1] [2]
[3] 4036ma2529c0
[1]
[2]
[5]
[4]
[3]
4036ma2047c1
[1] Bypass Lift-up Sensor (PC115) [4] Bypass Paper Take-up Roller
[2] Bypass Paper Feed Clutch (CL101) [5] Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor (M103)
[3] Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid (SL101)
2-63
C350_TH_E.book 64
13.3 Operation
13.3.1 Bypass Paper Take-up control
Start Key ON Move to Standby Position
Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor (M103)
Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid (SL101)
Bypass Lift-up Sensor (PC115)
Bypass Paper Feed Clutch (CL101)
Tray2 Vertical Transport Sensor (PC108)

4036ma2123c0
13.3.2 Paper Empty detection

The Bypass Paper Empty Sensor detects a paper empty condition in the Bypass Sec-
tion.
Bypass Paper Empty Sensor (PC110)
4036ma2530c0
13.3.3 Bypass Paper Lifting Motion Control

At the start of a Bypass paper take-up sequence, the Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid is
energized to raise the Paper Lifting Plate so that the sheet of paper can be taken up.
When the print cycle is completed, the Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid is energized
again to return the Paper Lifting Plate to the standby position.
2-64
C350_TH_E.book 65
Bypass Paper Bypass Lift-up

Take-up Roller Sensor (PC115)
Bypass Paper Pick-up

Solenoid (SL101)
4036ma2126c0
4036ma2531c0
4036ma2236c0
Paper Lifting Plate
Start Key ON Paper Fed out
Tray2 Vertical Transport Motor (M103)
Bypass Paper Pick-up Solenoid (SL101)
Bypass Paper Feed Clutch (CL101)
4036ma2235c0
2-65
C350_TH_E.book 66
13.3.4 Paper size detection

The size of the paper loaded in the Bypass Section is detected by the combination of ON or
OFF positions of the four Bypass FD Paper Size Sensors and the Bypass Paper Size Unit.
Moving the Paper Guide varies the resistance value of the Bypass Paper Size Unit VR.
Metric Area
Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass Paper Size

Paper Size Paper Size Paper Size Paper Size Unit (VR1) Paper Size
Sensor/1 Sensor/2 Sensor/3 Sensor/4 Detected
(PC111) (PC112) (PC113) (PC114) Width (mm)
80 to less than 115 A6R

115 to 144 inclusive B6R
OFF OFF OFF OFF
196 to 225 inclusive A5
242 to 268 inclusive B5

133 to 164 inclusive A5R
169 to less than 196 B5R
ON OFF OFF OFF 196 to 225 inclusive A4R
225 to less than 288 Letter
ON ON OFF OFF 188 to 235 inclusive FLS
201 to 231 inclusive Legal
ON ON ON OFF
268 to 288 inclusive 11 14
255 to less than 288 11 17
ON ON ON ON 288 to less than 301 A3
301 to 330 inclusive A3 Wide
2-66
C350_TH_E.book 67
Inch Area
Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass FD Bypass Paper Size

Paper Size Paper Size Paper Size Paper Size Unit (VR1) Paper Size
Sensor/1 Sensor/2 Sensor/3 Sensor/4 Detected
(PC111) (PC112) (PC113) (PC114) Width (mm)
115 to 144 inclusive B6R

OFF OFF OFF OFF 201 to 231 inclusive 5.5 8.5
242 to 282 inclusive Executive
125 to 155 inclusive 5.5 8.5R
169 to less than 201 Executive R
ON OFF OFF OFF 201 to 231 inclusive Letter R
225 to less than 288 Letter
ON ON OFF OFF 188 to 235 inclusive FLS
201 to 231 inclusive Legal
ON ON ON OFF 242 to less than 268 B4
268 to 288 inclusive 11 14
255 to less than 288 11 17
ON ON ON ON 288 to less than 301 A3
301 to 330 inclusive A3 Wide
Bypass FD Paper Size Bypass FD Paper Size

Sensor/1 (PC111) Sensor/2 (PC112)
Bypass FD Paper Size

Sensor/3 (PC113)
Bypass FD Paper Size

Sensor/4 (PC114)
4036ma2532c0
Bypass Paper Size Unit (VR1)
4036ma2533c0
2-67
C350_TH_E.book 68
Conveyance section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
14. Conveyance section

14.1 Composition
4036ma2127c0 [1]
4036ma2534c0
[2]
[1]
4036ma2535c0

Transports paper taken up from Tray1 or Tray2 to the
[1] Transport Roller
Synchronizing Roller.
Drives the Transport Roller
[2] Intermediate Transport Motor (M14) Two-phase stepping motor
2-68
C350_TH_E.book 69
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Synchronizing Roller section
15. Synchronizing Roller section

15.1 Composition
[4]
4036ma2128c0
[3] [2] [1] 4036ma2536c0

Removes paper dust off the surface of the Synchroniz-
ing Roller
[1] Paper Dust Remover Paper dust is attracted onto the surface of the roller
through static attraction and the Paper Dust Remover
removes the paper dust from the roller.
[2] OHP Sensor (PC27) Detects OHP transparencies
Transports the paper fed by the Transport Roller onto
[3] Synchronizing Roller
the Transfer Corona Section.
Transmits drive from the Main Motor (M1) to the Syn-
[4] Synchronizing Roller Clutch (CL3)
chronizing Roller.
15.2 Drive
[1]
[2]
4036ma2048c1
[1] Synchronizing Roller [2] Synchronizing Roller Clutch (CL3)
2-69
C350_TH_E.book 70
Synchronizing Roller section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
15.3 Operation
15.3.1 Synchronizing Roller control
A loop is formed in the paper between the Transport Roller and Synchronizing Roller dur-
ing the paper transportation to correct skewed paper feeding. The amount of the paper
loop can be adjusted using "Loop Adjust" of the Tech. Rep. mode. The ON timing of the
Intermediate Transport Motor as the motor is restarted is varied by changing this setting.
(This adjustment should be made when a tilted image is printed due to paper skew or a
Z-folded paper misfeed occurs at the Synchronizing Roller.)
"Top Margin" available from the Tech. Rep. mode should be adjusted based on the image
writing start timing. (This adjustment should be made if the image on the copy deviates in
the FD direction.)
Start Key ON Synchronizing Synchronizing

Roller ON Roller ON
Main Motor (M1)
Tray1 Paper Feed Clutch (CL1)
Intermediate Transport Motor (M14)
Synchronizing Roller Clutch (CL3)
Synchronizing Roller Sensor (PC28)
4036ma2121c0
Transport Roller Loop
Paper
4036ma2129c0
2-70
C350_TH_E.book 71
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Synchronizing Roller section
15.3.2 OHP detection

To prevent failed copies of OHP transparencies, whether or not the paper type fed
through is a piece of OHP transparencies is detected using the OHP Sensor.
OHP detection is made after a loop has been formed in the paper at the Synchronizing
Roller. If the paper type setting made using the Paper Type Setting Dial does not match
the results of OHP detection, the machine stops copying and gives a paper misfeed
warning display.
Position on Paper Type

Results of OHP Sensor
Setting Dial or paper type Operation
(PC27) Detection
set from control panel
OHP Other than OHP Determines that there is mismatch of paper
type, bringing all mechanisms to an immedi-
ate stop.
Other than OHP OHP Gives a warning message that there is mis-
match of paper type on the display.
Paper Type Setting Dial
OHP Sensor (PC27)
4036ma2197c0
4036ma2062e0
2-71
C350_TH_E.book 72
Fusing section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
16. Fusing section

16.1 Composition
[1]
4036ma2102c0 4036ma2537c0
[13]
[12] [1]
[2]
[3]
[11] [4]
[10] [5]
[6]
[7]
[9]
[8] 4036ma2029c1

Separates paper properly to prevent it from winding around the
[1] Upper Paper Separator Claw
Fusing Roller.
Controls the temperature of the Pressure Roller
Fusing Pressure Roller Ther-
[2] Positioned in a non-contact fashion (to prevent the Pressure
mistor (TH3)
Roller from being damaged)
[3] Pressure Roller Fxes toner by working with the Fusing Roller
Fusing Pressure Roller Heats the Pressure Roller
[4]
Heater Lamp (H3) Heater Lamp: 700 W
Detects an abnormally high temperature of the Pressure Roller
Fusing Pressure Roller Ther-
[5] Positioned in a non-contact fashion (to prevent the Pressure
mostat (TS2)
Roller from being damaged)
[6] Fusing Roller Gives heat with the Pressure Roller and fixes toner by working
[7] Fusing Belt with the Pressure Roller
Controls the temperature of the Heating Roller
Heating Roller Thermistor/1
[8] Positioned in a contact fashion (at the center of the Heating
(TH1)
Roller inside the Fusing Belt)
2-72
C350_TH_E.book 73
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Fusing section

Controls the temperature of the Heating Roller
Heating Roller Thermistor/2
[9] Positioned in a contact fashion (at the front of the Heating Roller
(TH2)
inside the Fusing Belt)
Heats the Heating Roller
Heating Roller Heater Lamp/
[10] For large-sized paper (having a CD width of 216 mm or more)
1 (H1)
Heater Lamp: 1000 W
Heats the Heating Roller
Heating Roller Heater Lamp/
[11] For small-sized paper (having a CD width of less than 216 mm)
2 (H2)
Heater Lamp: 790 W
Heated to a predetermined temperature by the Heater Lamps
[12] Heating Roller provided inside
Gives heat to the Fusing Belt
Detects an abnormally high temperature of the Heating Roller
Heating Roller Thermostat
[13] Positioned in a non-contact fashion (to prevent the Fusing Belt
(TS1)
from being damaged)
16.2 Drive
[1]
[4]
[3]
[5]
[2]
4036ma2553c0
[1] Fusing Pressure Roller Pressure/Retraction Motor (M19) [4] Fusing Drive Motor (M2)
[2] Fusing Pressure/Retraction Sensor (PC33) [5] Pressure Roller
[3] Fusing Retraction Position Sensor (PC34)
2-73
C350_TH_E.book 74
16.3 Operation
16.3.1 Fusing Roller drive control
A. Speed change control
Drive for the Fusing Unit is provided by the Fusing Drive Motor.
To prevent poor fusing performance, the speed of the Fusing Drive Motor is changed in
three steps according to the type of paper used and the copy mode.
Paper Type/Copy Mode Fusing Speed (mm/sec)

Plain paper/Monochrome 165
Plain paper/ACS or color 100
Special paper, high gloss paper 60
B. Speed stabilization
To prevent double transferred image or brush effect, the difference between the fusing
speed and paper transport speed during image transfer is corrected.
The fusing speed is made either faster or slower than the system speed.
The two-step speed control is accomplished using the Fusing Paper Loop Control (sole-
noid) and planetary gears. When the Fusing Paper Loop Control (solenoid) is deener-
gized, the planetary gears rotate, which sets lower speed. When the solenoid is
energized, the planetary gears stop and the higher speed is selected.
Fusing Drive Motor (M2)
Planetary gear
Fusing Paper Loop Control
Solenoid (SL1)
4036ma2614c0
2-74
C350_TH_E.book 75
1. The fusing speed in the beginnings is set to the higher speed, thereby forming a loop in
the paper between the 2nd Image Transfer Roller and the Fusing Roller.
2. When the length of the loop becomes small to deactivate the Fusing Paper Loop Sen-
sor, the fusing speed is switched to the lower level.
3. When the length of the loop becomes large to activate the Fusing Paper Loop Sensor,
the fusing speed is again switched to the higher level.
4. The sequence of these operations is repeated so that the fusing speed is automatically
changed in two steps according to the loop length. This effectively makes for the differ-
ence between the fusing speed and paper transport speed during image transfer.
Pressure Roller
Detecting Lever
Fusing Paper Loop
Sensor (PC4)
Paper
4036ma2032c1
2-75
C350_TH_E.book 76
16.3.2 Fusing Roller pressure/retraction mechanism

To ensure prolonged durability of the Fusing Belt, the Pressure Roller is retracted from
the Fusing Belt during any time other than a print cycle. (The roller is, however, retracted
during a print cycle using envelopes.)
The Fusing Pressure Roller Pressure/Retraction Motor is turned forward or backward to
press the Pressure Roller up against, and retract it from, the Fusing Belt.
The Fusing Pressure/Retraction Sensor detects the pressed position of the Pressure
Roller. The retracted position of the Pressure Roller is determined by counting a prede-
termined number of encoder pulses from the pressed position using the Fusing Retrac-
tion Position Sensor.
In reality, the retracted position is where the Pressure Roller is lightly pressed against the
Fusing Belt.
Pressure Operation Retraction Operation
Pressure
Roller
Sector
Gear
4036ma2106c0 4036ma2107c0
Pressure/Retraction Timing
Conditions Pressure/Retraction Operation

Power Switch ON Not retracted position Pressure Retraction
Heater less than 100 C Retraction
Warm-up Heater 100 C or more Retraction Pressure
At end Pressure Retraction
Standby Retraction
At start Retraction Pressure
Copy *1
At end Pressure Retraction
Power Save mode ON Retraction
Heater OFF (cover open, mal-
Retraction
function, etc.)
*1: Retracted (lightly pressed) condition for envelopes
2-76
C350_TH_E.book 77
16.3.3 Fusing temperature control

The surface temperatures of the Heating Roller and Pressure Roller are detected using
thermistors and the corresponding Heater Lamps are turned ON or OFF as necessary to
maintain the set fusing temperature.
Temperature Control during the first-in-the-morning warm-up and setting using plain
paper
Warm-up Completed
Power Switch ON Start Key ON Canceled
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
195
190
180
160
150
130
Heating Roller 100

Thermistor
(TH1)
Fusing Pres-
sure Roller
Thermistor
(TH3)
0 99 sec 4036ma2229c0
[1] In standby (first in the morning) [4] In standby

Heating Roller set temperature: 195 C Heating Roller temperature: 190 C
[2] In standby (first in the morning) [5] Power Save
Heating Roller temperature: 190 C
[3] During a copy cycle
A. Warm-up
Four different types of warm-up control are employed for varying the set temperature of
each roller, thereby preventing fusing performance from being degraded due to environ-
mental changes.
Priority is given to the high humidity control.
2-77
C350_TH_E.book 78
Heating Roller Pressure Roller

Warm-up completed state Remarks
Temperature (C) Temperature (C)
If a multi-print cycle is run
immediately after the warm-
up cycle has been com-
First-in-the-morning warm-up pleted, the machine pro-
completed (Fusing Pressure duces one printed page only
192 97
Roller temperature is 60 C or and resumes the print cycle
less) for the rest of printed pages
to be produced after the
Fusing Pressure Roller tem-
perature reaches 130 C.
Ordinary warm-up completed
(Fusing Pressure Roller tem- 190 130
perature exceeds 60 C)
High humidity warm-up com- Priority is given to this mode

pleted (machine interior humid- 190 150 if the humidity is 70% or
ity is 70 % or more) more.
Temperature control during
Power Save is 160 C for the
Recovery from Power Save 190 150 Heating Roller and 150 C
for the Fusing Pressure
Roller.
B. During a copy cycle

To achieve the intended level of fusing performance, the set temperature of each roller is
varied according to the paper type.
Heating Roller Set Pressure Roller Set

Paper Type
Plain paper (165 mm/s) 190 130
Thick paper 1 185 130
Envelopes 185 130
OHP 190 170
OHP (humidity during a color print cycle exceeds 60%) 170 160
C. In standby
The fusing temperature in the standby state is prevented from being dropped.
Heating Roller Set Pressure Roller Set

Standby State
Ordinary standby 190 150
When the Power Switch is turned ON 195 130
Machine interior humidity 70% or higher
190 150
(high humidity)
2-78
C350_TH_E.book 79
D. Power Save
Temperature control is provided with a decreased fusing temperature so that power con-
sumption in the standby state can be minimized.
Mode Heating Roller Set Temperature (C) Pressure Roller Set Temperature (C)
Power Save 160 150
16.3.4 Protection against abnormal conditions

The machine provides protection against abnormally high temperature of the Fusing Unit
in the following three steps.
1. When the Heating Roller Thermistor/1 detects 230 C, or the Fusing Pressure Roller
Thermistor detects 190C (before the temperature control) or 220C (during the tem-
perature control), the machine displays the malfunction code representing an abnor-
mally high temperature and inhibits the initiation of a new copy cycle. (This is an
ordinary detection of a malfunction of an abnormally high temperature.)
2. A different protection is provided when the CPU overruns, becoming unable to detect
the malfunction of an abnormally high temperature. If the Heating Roller Thermistor/1,2
detects 235 C, or the Fusing Pressure Roller Thermistor detects 167C (before the
temperature control) or 220C (during the temperature control), the heater relay of the
DC Power Supply is turned OFF through the Control Board and the power supply to
each of the heater lamps is shut down. If the detected temperature thereafter
decreases, the heater relay is turned ON again and supply of power to the heater
lamps is resumed. The sequence of these operations is repeated until the CPU recov-
ers from the overrun and becomes able to detect the malfunction of an abnormally high
temperature. This control allows the power supply to each of the heater lamps to be
shut down before the corresponding thermostat operates. It thereby suppresses dam-
age to the Fusing Unit itself.
3. If detection of the abnormally high temperature through approaches 1 and 2 above is
not possible due to a defective thermistor or other reason, the thermostat comes into
play to shut down the power supply to each of the heater lamps. The Heating Roller
Thermostat is rated at 210 C, while the Fusing Pressure Roller Thermostat is rated at
180 C. The ratings do not, however, represent the actual surface temperature of the
corresponding rollers, since the thermostats are installed in a non-contact fashion with
respect to each of the rollers. (Ordinary protection against high temperatures)
2-79
C350_TH_E.book 80
5V
5V
5V
TH3
TH1
TH2
TS2 H3 H2 H1 TS1
HETER2
HETER1
HETER3 SSR SSR SSR

24V
Hard Protection
AC
4036ma2109c0
2-80
C350_TH_E.book 81
16.3.5 Detection of a New Fusing Unit

When a new Fusing Unit is installed in the machine, the life counter is automatically
cleared through the machines capability of detecting a new Fusing Unit.
The new unit is detected when the Power Switch is turned ON or the Right Door is
opened and closed.
16.3.6 PPM control

PPM (printed pages/min.) control is provided to ensure the condition of one power outlet
for one system and, at the same time, good fusing performance during continuous paper
feeding.
Only the Heating Roller Heater Lamp is preferentially turned ON during a print cycle. In a
continuous print cycle, therefore, the surface temperatures of the Heating Roller and
Fusing Pressure Roller decrease, resulting in the fusing performance of the printed
image being degraded. Fusing performance is therefore estimated based on the surface
temperature of the Pressure Roller. The printed pages/min value is decreased according
to the paper length and system speed, thereby achieving the intended level of fusing per-
formance of the printed images (toner).
A. Plain paper
When the surface temperature of the Fusing Pressure Roller is a predetermined temper-
ature or less for 10 sec. during a print cycle with the machine interior temperature at 18
C or less, PPM (printed pages/min) is decreased.
Printed pages/min (PPM) when the Fusing Pressure Roller

temperature is decreased
System Speed Paper Length (mm)
Standard tempera-
115 C or less 110 C or less
ture
216 or less 35 28 20
165 mm/sec
217 to 297 inclusive 26 20.3 14.5
Color print
298 to 381 inclusive 21 15.8 11.3
216 or less 22 22 20
100 mm/sec 217 to 297 inclusive 17 17 14.5
Monochrome
print 298 to 381 inclusive 13 13 11.3
382 or more 11 11 9.4
B. Color OHP
Different types of PPM control are provided according to the mode, regardless of the
interior temperature or the Pressure Roller surface temperature during the print cycle.
The control does not cover the monochrome mode and any paper size other than A4 and
Letter.
Mode Printed pages/min (PPM) of A4 and Letter

OHP continuous paper feed mode 8
OHP + OHP Interleave mode *1 5
*1: PPM control is provided only when OHP transparencies are fed through the machine for
OHP + OHP Interleave.
2-81
C350_TH_E.book 82
Paper exit section bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
17. Paper exit section

17.1 Composition
4036ma2246c0
[3] 4036ma2550c0
[4]
[1]
[2]
[3]
4036ma2245c0

[1] Paper Exit Roller/1 Feeds paper out of the machine onto the Paper Exit Tray.
[2] Exit Sensor (PC30) Detects a sheet of paper fed out of the machine.
[3] Paper Exit Roller/2 Feeds paper out of the machine onto the Paper Exit Tray.
[4] Charge Neutralizing Brush Neutralizes any charge left on the paper.
2-82
C350_TH_E.book 83
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Paper exit section
17.2 Drive
[1]
[2]
[3]
4036ma2016c1
[1] Main Motor (M1) [3] Paper Exit Roller/2

[2] Paper Exit Roller/1
2-83
C350_TH_E.book 84
Image stabilization control bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
18. Image stabilization control

18.1 Overview
The machine provides the following image stabilization control to ensure stabilized copy
image.
Purpose Control Control Means

AIDC intensity control
Max. density control
To stabilize image density AIDC Sensor
Registration control (color shift
To stabilize gradation Temperature/Humidity Sensor
correction)
correction control
To stabilize toner density ATDC control (Y, M, C, Bk) ATDC Sensor
To stabilize image transfer Image transfer output control Temperature/Humidity Sensor
An explanation is given of the control for each section.
1st Image Transfer Roller
PC PC PC PC
Drum/ Drum/ Drum/ Drum/
Toner Supply Motor Y M C Bk
ATDC Sensor Registration Developing Bias Vb Grid Voltage Vg

Control
Toner Repleni-
shing Control Image Density
Gradation Control AIDC Sensor
Correction Data
AIDC Table
Transfer ATVC Control
OUT/IN
Temperature/
Humidity Sensor
To be set on control panel IN
PRT MAX Density OUT
PRT Highlight
Background Voltage Margin
ATDC Level Setting
AE Adjust
ATDC Toner Supply
4036ma2060e0
2-84
C350_TH_E.book 85
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Image stabilization control
18.2 Operation
18.2.1 Background margin control
The PC Drum Charge Corona grid voltage (Vg) is set for the pattern based on the infor-
mation provided by the temperature sensor, the PC Drum rotation time, the system
speed, and the target surface potential. The background margin becomes the required
voltage, thereby correcting changes in charging efficiency as a result of a deteriorated
PC Drum and environmental condition changes.
18.2.2 AIDC Sensor LED intensity control

Controls changes in characteristics due to change with time and contamination of the
AIDC Sensor, part-to-part variations in the sensors, and change of environment.
The intensity (current value) of the LED is adjusted on the surface of the Transfer Belt, on
which no toner sticks (background level).
18.2.3 Max. density control
The developing bias (Vb) is adjusted to control changes in the solid density resulting
from variations in developing characteristics and LED intensity, variations in sensitivity of
the PC Drum, and changes in the environment, durability, and the amount of charge in
toner.
Patterns are produced on the surface of the Transfer Belt and the AIDC Sensor detects
the amount of toner sticking to them.
The correction data appropriate for each color is selected based on the correction data
with four different levels for each color.
The developing bias and grid voltage values that result in the maximum density are cal-
culated from the detected data and stored in memory.
18.2.4 correction control

The intensity of LED in all gradation levels is adjusted to correct changes in gradation
characteristics to a linear one. The changes in gradation characteristics are caused by
variations in the PC Drum sensitivity and developing characteristics and changes with
time and in environment.
Patterns are produced on the surface of the Transfer Belt and the AIDC Sensor detects
the amount of toner sticking to them.
The correction data is calculated using the density measurements of different gradation
levels. The optimum LED intensity is set for each of the different gradation levels.
18.3 Operation timing

Mode Operation Timing
Mode 1 Reset + Stabilizer mode; a new IU is detected; a new Transfer Belt Unit is detected
Stabilizer mode; Left Door is opened and closed; Front Door is opened and closed (IU
Mode 2
removed and reinstalled)
At the end of a print cycle making a given number of printed pages*1; Power Switch is
turned ON; at the end of a print cycle following reset from Sleep; at the end of a print
Mode 3
cycle following an event, in which the interior temperature upper limit threshold value
is exceeded
Mode 4 At the end of a print cycle making a given number of printed pages
Mode 5 Gradation correction
*1: Vg and Vb are readjusted if the LED intensity falls outside a predetermined range.
(Mode 3)
2-85
C350_TH_E.book 86
Image stabilization control bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
18.4 Operation flow
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 5
Background Background Background Background

margin control margin control margin control margin control
AIDC intensity AIDC intensity AIDC intensity AIDC intensity

control control control control
Max. density Max. density Max. density Max. density

control 1 control 2 control 2 control 2
correction correction correction correction correction

control control control control control
Registration Registration Test pattern

control control output
4036ma2061e0
2-86
C350_TH_E.book 87
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Image processing
19. Image processing

19.1 Scanner section image processing block diagram
1. Photoelectric conversion
CCD Sensor Board
2. Analog-to-digital conversion
3. Shading correction
Image Processing Board
4. Line-to-line variation correction
5. Zoom/movement processing 6. ACS processing
7. Image data editing
8. AE processing
To the MFP Control Board
The following detail the image processing operations performed by the Scanner Section.
1. A reduction type CCD Sensor is used to read the light reflected off the original and con-
vert the optical data to a corresponding electric signal. To make data processing faster,
data transfer and output are done through two channels, one for even-numbered pixels
and the other for odd-numbered pixels.
2. The odd and even analog signals output from the CCD Sensor chips are synthesized to
form a single string of signal data which is in turn converted to 8-bit digital signals (256
gradation levels).
3. A correction is made of errors that occur due to variations in sensitivity of each CCD
chip and the light distribution varying along the length of the Exposure Lamp. The shad-
ing correction is made by holding the peak value, i.e., the maximum value of readings
taken of multiple lines, to prevent adverse effects on the image due to dust on the shad-
ing sheet.
4. Memory called FIFO is employed to compensate for a deviation in the scanning posi-
tion of the original, which represents a gap between two adjacent CCD chips, thereby
matching the output timing of R, G, and B data. Also, the color aberration of the Lens is
compensated at this time.
5. FIFO memories are used to enlarge or reduce the image. The image is enlarged by
increasing the number of data readings and reduced by decreasing the number of data
readings.
2-87
C350_TH_E.book 88
Image processing bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
6. The scanning are is divided into multiple blocks. The ratio of color or monochrome is
calculated for each of these blocks. The machine then determines whether the entire
original is colored or monochrome. A histogram of lightness is also created for later AE
processing.
7. R, G, and B data are then converted to value and color component data for adjust-
ments of saturation, lightness, and hue.
8. The scanning area is divided into two in the FD direction. The lightness histogram gen-
erated through ACS processing is tallied for each four gradation levels. A lightness his-
togram is then created for AE processing. The AE level of the original is determined
based on this histogram and AE processing is performed.
The R, G, and B image data is transmitted to MFP Control Board on the Write Section
through the interface cable.
2-88
C350_TH_E.book 89
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Image processing
19.2 Write section image processing block diagram
From Scanner Section
MFP Control Board
1. Image area discrimination 2. Color correction processing (reflection/density conversion,

masking, UCR/BP)
3. Miscellaneous processing (improved reproduction of black text, edge emphasis, edge

expansion, smoothing, color balance, and correction)
4. GBTC compression
5. Input buffer memory
6. File (code) memory

Standard: 256 MB
Extended memory: 256 MB (option)
HDD: 40 G (option)
7. Memory access coordinator 8. Frame memory

Standard: 192MB
9. Output buffer memory
10. 600-dpi color shift/skew correction
11. CD position correction
14. Area discrimination FEET

12. GBTC expansion
15. Interpolation
13. 1,800-dpi color shift/skew correction
16. correction
17. Screening
LED Drive Board
18. High-speed LED drive
19. Intensity correction
To each LED Unit
2-89
C350_TH_E.book 90
Image processing bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
The following detail the image processing operations performed by MFP Control Board
on the Write Section.
1. Each image area, whether it is a color edge area, black edge area, dot area, or a con-
tinuous gradation area, is discriminated to optimize edge emphasis and smoothing just
right for the image.
2. The color component data are converted to the Y, C, M, and Bk density data. Also, the
masking processing, which compensates for the deviation in the spectral reflection
characteristics of the toner, and UCR/BP processing are performed on the image data.
3. Other types of processing performed are the improved reproduction of black text, edge
emphasis, edge expansion, smoothing, color balance, and correction.
4. Compresses the C, M, Y, and Bk image data to reduce its volume.
5. Temporarily stores the GBTC-compressed image data.
6. Stores the compressed image data.
7. Spreads out the image data stored in the file memory to the frame memory and per-
forms the following control functions: delaying outputs to make up for the distance
between the PC Drums of Y, M, C, and Bk and adjusting the different speeds between
the Scanner and the Write Section.
8. Stores the Y, M, C, and Bk image data.
9. Temporarily stores the image data output from the frame memory.
10. Corrects skew in the print position at 600 dpi to ensure correct alignment in the main
scanning direction between each of the Y, M, C, and Bk LPH assemblies and the PC
Drums.
11. Corrects any deviation in the print start position in the main scanning direction that
occurs when each of the Y, M, C, and Bk LPH assemblies illuminates the surface of the
corresponding PC Drum.
12. Expands the image data using the method opposite to that used in GBTC compression.
13. Corrects skew in the print position at 1,800 dpi to ensure correct alignment in the main
scanning direction between each of the Y, M, C, and Bk LPH assemblies and the PC
Drums.
14. Discriminates the edges of text and line figures and, according to the results of the area
discrimination, performs the Fine Edge Enhanced Technology (FEET) operation.
15. In order to prevent the gradation balance from changing, interpolation converts the res-
olution only for the continuous gradation areas when resolution changes from 600 dpi
to 1,800 dpi when using FEET.
16. Makes the necessary corrections so that the printed gradations have linear characteris-
tics, since the image density of the input image data is not directly proportional to that
of the printed image because of the changing developing and PC Drum characteristics.
17. Creates the density distribution of a predetermined pattern to enable outstanding gra-
dation reproduction.
18. Rearranges the image data, which has undergone the processes up to screening, so
that the LEDs can then be illuminated and transfer the corrected image data.
19. Adjusts the variations in each of the LEDs, approx. 7,700 chips, to ensure that each
emits a uniform intensity of light.
2-90
C350_TH_E.book 91
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Other control
20. Other control

20.1 Fan control
20.1.1 Construction
Draws outside air in

[8]
Exhausts heat
[1]
[7]
[2]
[6]
[3]
[4]
[5]
4036ma2049c1

[1] Fusing Cooling Fan Motor/2 (M15) Cools the Exit Sections
[2] Fusing Cooling Fan Motor/3 (M16) Cools the Exit Sections
[3] Suction Fan Motor (M12) For stabilized paper transport
Power Supply Cooling Fan Motor
[4] Cools the DC Power Supply (PU1)
(M21)
Ozone Ventilation Fan Motor There is a filter that removes ozone from the air
[5]
(M18) drawn by this motor to the outside.
[6] Toner Suction Fan Motor (M20) Draws toner particles
Cools the drive mechanism, High Voltage Unit, and
[7] Cooling Fan Motor/2 (M10)
DC Power Supply (PU1)
Exhausts heat from the Exit Sections and used for
[8] Fusing Cooling Fan Motor/1 (M9)
deodorization
2-91
C350_TH_E.book 92
Other control bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
20.1.2 Operation
A. Fan control
Motor Name Paper Passage Mode Control Conditions

Turns at full speed when the Color PC Drum
Motor (M5) or Bk PC Motor (M7) is energized
Power Supply Cooling
Turns at half speed when the Color PC Drum
Fan Motor (M21)
Motor (M5) or Bk PC Motor (M7) is deenergized
Deenergized in Sleep mode
Turns at full speed when the Color PC Drum
Motor (M5) or Bk PC Motor (M7) is energized
Turns at full speed for the period from 0 to 120
sec. after the Color PC Drum Motor (M5) or Bk
PC Motor (M7) has been deenergized
Ozone Ventilation Fan
Turns at half speed for the period from 121 to
Motor (M18)
900 sec. after the Color PC Drum Motor(M5) or

Bk PC Motor (M7) has been deenergized and
then is deenergized.
Turns at half speed for the period of 0 to 600
sec. in the Sleep mode before stopping
Turns at full speed when any of the Color PC
Drum Motor (M5), Bk PC Motor (M7), Color
Toner Suction Fan
Developing Motor (M6), or Developing Clutch/Bk
Motor (M20)
(CL2) is energized
Deenergized in conditions other than above
OHP Turns at full speed when the Main Motor (M1) is
OHP Interleave energized
Plain paper 2nd side Turns at full speed for the period of 10 sec. after
Fusing Cooling Fan Auto Duplexing the Main Motor (M1) has been deenergized
Motor/2 and /3 (M15
Turns at full speed when the Main Motor (M1) is
and M16)
Mode other than above energized and the Exit Sensor (PC 30) is acti-
vated
In standby Turns at half speed
Turns at full speed when the Main Motor (M1)
and Fusing Drive Motor (M2) are energized
Suction Fan Motor
Turns at full speed for 30 sec. after the Main
(M12)
Motor (M1) and Fusing Drive Motor (M2) have
been deenergized and then is deenergized
Cooling Fan Motor/2
Power Save mode Deenergized
(M10)
Turns at full speed when the Main Motor (M1)
and Fusing Drive Motor (M2) are energized
Fusing Cooling Fan Turns at full speed for 30 sec. after the Main
Motor/1 (M9) Motor (M1) and Fusing Drive Motor (M2) have
been deenergized and then is deenergized
Power Save mode Turns at half speed
2-92
C350_TH_E.book 93
bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Mar. 2004 Other control
20.2 Power distribution control at machine power up

20.2.1 Parts operated when the Power Switch is turned ON
When the Power Switch is turned ON, the Control Board detects it and sends a control
signal to the DC Power Supply.
The DC Power Supply then supplies 3.3V DC, 5V DC, 15V DC, and 24V DC to all PWBs
and options. It also turns ON the relays in the PWBs, supplying AC power to each of the
heater lamps.
24VDC DF-601
SW1
PU1 24VDC PWB-IC Control Panel
5VDC
24VDC
5VDC
15VDC PWB-C 24VDC PWB-A
5VDC
24VDC FS-601/FS-501
5VDC (OPTION)
24VDC AD-501
5VDC (OPTION)
PWB-MC PC-201
5VDC PC-101
5VDC
24VDC (OPTION)
PC-401
5VDC (OPTION)
5VDC
PWB-MFP
5VDC
3.3VDC
PWB-LED
RY H1,H2,H3
4036ma2194c0
2-93
C350_TH_E.book 94
Other control bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver.1.0 Feb. 2004
20.3 Counter control

20.3.1 Construction
Mechanical Counter
Total Counter (option)
PWB-MFP
Electronic Counter Key Counter (option)
PWB-MC Vender (option)

4036ma2195c0
Name Function/System
Shows the cumulative number of copies made in all copy modes
Total Counter A mechanical counter driven by an electric signal
Counts one when an exit signal is applied to it
Displays the cumulative number of copies and prints made in each of
the following copy and print modes
Black, full color, mono color, and 2 color
Electronic Counter
Total Counter, Size Counter, 2-Sided Copy Counter, 2-Sided Print
Counter, and Scanner Counter
Counter for exclusively counting monochrome copies
Since the Total Counter is available as standard, the number of color
Mechanical Counter (option) copies can be calculated by subtracting the Monochrome Counter
count from the Total Counter count.
The counter that disables copying when counting the predetermined
number of copies
Key Counter (option) A mechanical counter driven by an electric signal
Counts one when a paper take-up start signal or image forming start
signal, whichever occurs earlier, is applied to it
Controls enabling or disabling copying according to whether a coin
Vender (option)
exists or not
2-94

Service Manual Konica Minolta Bizhub C300-350 Series Color Digital MFD

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Service Manual Konica Minolta Bizhub C300-350 Series Color Digital MFD

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SERVICE MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION

2004 KONICA MINOLTA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

SAFETY AND IMPORTANT WARNING ITEMS

DESCRIPTION ITEMS FOR DANGER,

DANGER: Action having a high possibility of suffering death or serious injury

WARNING: Action having a possibility of suffering death or serious injury

CAUTION: Action having a possibility of suffering a slight wound, medium

:Precaution when servicing the

:Prohibition when servicing the

:Direction when servicing the

DANGER : PROHIBITED ACTIONS

Using any fuse or thermostat not specified by KMBT.

Disabling fuse functions or bridging fuse terminals with

Disabling relay functions (such as wedging paper between

Disabling safety functions (interlocks, safety circuits, etc.)

Making any modification to the product unless instructed

Using parts not specified by KMBT

[2] CHECKPOINTS WHEN PERFORMING ON-SITE SERVICE

WARNING: Wall Outlet

If two or more power cords can be plugged into the wall

WARNING: Power Plug and Cord

Check whether the power cord is damaged. Check

WARNING: Power Plug and Cord

Check whether the power cord is not stepped on or

Do not bundle or tie the power cord.

Check whether dust is collected around the power plug

WARNING: Ground connection

WARNING: Prohibited Installation Place

WARNING: When not using product for a long time

CAUTION: Inspection before Servicing

Before conducting an inspection, be sure to disconnect

The area around the fixing unit is hot.

WARNING: Work Performed with the product Powered

Take every care when servicing with the external cover

WARNING: Safety Checkpoints

Do not allow any metal parts such as clips, staples, and

Carefully remove all toner remnants and dust from electri-

Check high-voltage cables and sheaths for any damage.

Check electrode units such as a charging corona unit for

WARNING: Safety Checkpoints

Do not remove the cover of the write unit. Do not supply

When replacing a lithium battery, replace it with a new lith-

After replacing a part to which AC voltage is applied (e.g.,

Check the interlock switch and actuator for loosening and

Make sure that all screws, components, wiring, connec-

WARNING: HANDLING OF CONSUMABLE

Never throw the used cartridge and toner into fire.

CAUTION: HANDLING OF SERVICE MATERIALS

Do not replace the cover or turn the product ON before

Use only a small amount of cleaner at a time and take

When using any solvent, ventilate the room well.

[3] MEASURES TO TAKE IN CASE OF AN ACCIDENT

[6] LED Radiation Safety

INDICATION OF WARNING ON THE MACHINE

Do not throw into a fire

SERVICE MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION

bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver1.0 Mar. 2004

bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver1.0 Mar. 2004

5.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-16

6.1.1 PC Drum Charge Corona ON/OFF control................................................. 2-19

7.3 Operation......................................................................................................... 2-22

bizhub C350 Theory of Operation Ver1.0 Mar. 2004

9.3.6 Transfer Belt cleaning ................................................................................. 2-42