16 Tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris:

Berikut ini adalah 16 Tenses dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Contoh Kalimatnya. Untuk
memperoleh penjelasan yang lebih detail, klik pada nama tenses yang kamu inginkan.

1. Simple Present
(+) S + V1 (+es/s) e.g: Sun Rises from east (matahari terbit dari timur).
(-) S + Do/Does + not +V1 e.g: I dont know where to go.
(?) Do/Does + not + S + V1? e.g: Do you speak English (apakah kamu berbahasa
Inggris?)
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan kebenaran mutlak. seperti contoh nomor 1.
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan rutin. e.g: I go to school everyday
2. Present Continuous.
(+) S + am/is/are + Ving e.g: I am going to your home tomorrow
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving e.g: I am not crying
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving? e.g: Are you still waiting for some one?
Fungsi:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung
Menunjukkan Pekerjaan yang pasti dilakukan di masa yang akan datang (contoh
nomor 1)
3. Present Perfect
(+) S + have/has + V3 e.g: Peter has gone just now.
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 e.g: I have not done my home work yet.
(?) Have/has + S + V3? e.g: Have you already taken a bath?
Fungsinya:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah usai pada saat sekarang.
4. Present Perfect Continuous
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving e.g: It has been raining since at six oclock
(-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving e.g:I havent been eating for whole day
(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving e.g: Has she been waiting for me for a long this
time?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi dan masih ada kemungkinan terjadi
sampai nanti.
5. Simple Past.
(+) S + V2 + O e.g: I went to school alone yesterday.
(-) S + did + not + Inf (V1) e.g: You didnt tell that you took my money yesterday.
 (?) Did + S + Inf (V1) e.g: Did you came home last year?
Fungsi:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan yang terjadi pada masa lampau, tanpa ingin menekankan bahwa
ia sedang, atau telah selesai melakukan pekerjaan tsb.
6. Past Continuous.
(+) S + was/were + Ving e.g: I was sleeping when you came.
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving e.g: You werent listening to me when I was singing
(?) Was/were + S + Ving e.g: Was she still reading while father called her?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa lampau, ketika pekerjaan
lain terjadi, baik pekerjaan lain itu menyela (seperti contoh nomor1) atau terjadi
bersama-sama (seperti contoh nomor 2).
7. Past Perfect.
(+) S + Had + V3 e.g: She had gone before you came
(-) S + Had + not + V3 e.g: I hadnt already taken a bath when you visit me
(?) Had + S + V3 e.g: had you already graduated from senior high school last year?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai ketika pekerjaan lain baru dimulai pada
masa lampau.
8. Past Perfect Continuous.
(+) S + had + been + Ving e.g: Rooney had been playing football for 3 years till he
decided to stop last year.
(-) S+had+not+been+Ving e.g: I had not learning English for a year at 2010
(?) had+S+been+Ving e.g: Had father been working at PT.Astra for 10 years last
year?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi pada masa lalu dan masih berlangsung
hingga waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
9. Simple Future.
(+) S + will + Inf (V1) e.g: I will always love you if you love me to
(-) S + will+ not + Inf (V1) e.g: I wont let you go
(?) Will + S + Inf (V1) e.g: will you come to my party?
Fungsinya:
Menunjukkan pekerjaan sederhana yang akan terjadi
Untuk membuat Conditional Sentence type I.
10. Future Continuous.
(+) S + will + be + Ving e.g: he will be climbing Krakatau with her friends on sunday
(-) S+ will + not + be + Ving e.g: I wont be traveling next week.
(?) Will + S + be + Ving e.g: will you be still sleeping at 7 a.m tomorrow morning?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedang terjadi pada masa yang akan datang.
11. Future Perfect.
(+) S + will + have + V3 e.g: he will have arrived by the end of this month
(-) S + will + have + not + V3 e.g: he will not have slept at the time you go home.
(?) Will + S + have + V3 e.g: will you have taken bath at 4 pm?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai di masa yang akan datang.
12. Future Perfect Continuous.
(+) S+will+have+been+Ving, e.g: he will have been working for 3 hours at 9 am
tomorrow.
(-) S+will+have+not+been+Ving, e.g: she will have not been traveling for 3 weeks next
sunday.
(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving, e.g: will you have been diving in the sea for 3 hours at
mid day?
Fungsi:
Sama dengan Present Perfect Continuous, bedanya: kejadiannya tidak sekarang tapi di
masa depan.
13. Past Future.
(+): S + would + Infinitive/V1, e.g: I would have gone if you didnt prevent me.
(-): S + would + not + Infinitive/V1, e.g: You would not come to your party yesterday,
whatever happened.
(?): Would + S + Infinitive/V1, e.g: would you attend my wedding party if I invited
you?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan dilakukan pada masa lampau.
Untuk membuat kalimat Conditional Sentence Type II.
14. Past Future Continuous.
(+) S + would + be + Ving e.g: When I was born, He would be working at this
company for 2 years
(-) S + would + not + be + Ving e.g: You would not be walking alone, if I were not sick.
(?) Would + S + be + Ving e.g: would you be standing by me, if I slept yesterday?
 Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan sedang dilakukan di masa lampau.
15. Past Future Perfect.
(+) S + would + have + been + V3 e.g: This house would have been painted if all
workers had came yesterday.
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V3 e.g: It would not have been finished by the end
of last month.
(?) Would +S+ have+ been+ V3 e.g: Would he have been delivered all my orders
if I had paid my bill?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang akan sudah selesai dilakukan pada masa lampau.
Untuk membuat kalimat Conditional Sentence Type III.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous.
(+) S + would + have + been + V-ing e.g: You would have been sleeping
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V-ing e.g: She would not have been crying
(?) Would + S + have + been + V-ing? e.g: Would you have living at London for 3
years last year?
Fungsi:
Untuk menunjukkan pekerjaan yang sedianya akan telah dilakukan dan masih dilakukan
pada masa lalu.
THE PRESENT TENSES
Present Simple

Present Simple Used to say what I always study English on Tuesday.

someone usually
does

Present Progressive/Continuous

Present Progressive Used to say what I am studying English now

someone is doing
now

Present Perfect Simple

Present Perfect Simple Used to show I have studied English twice this week.
unfinished time

Present Perfect Progressive/Continuous

Present Perfect Used to say how

I have been studying English for 2 years.
Progressive long someone has
been doing I have been studying English since 1997.
something.
THE PAST TENSES

Simple Past
Simple Past Used to show a
I studied English last Saturday.
completed action

Past Progressive/Continuous

Past Progressive Often used to say

I was studying English last Monday when my
when something
was being done or friend rang.
what was happening
when something I was studying English at 5pm last Monday.
else happened

Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect Simple The past of have

I had done my English homework by 6.30 pm
done. Used to say
when something was last Saturday.
done by.

I had done my English homework by the time I ate dinner last Saturday.
Past Perfect Progressive/Continuous

Past Perfect The past of have

Progressive been. Used to show
how long something
was done for by a
certain time.
I'd been doing my English homework for 30
minutes when my friend rang last Saturday.
I'd been doing my English homework for 30
minutes by 1 pm last Saturday.

THE FUTURE TENSES

The future can be indicated in several different ways in English. It is often created with the use of
auxiliaries: "She will be a student.", "She is going to drive a new car."

English can even create the future by using the simple present (used for timetables,programs
etc.), "The train arrives at 10pm" or the present progressive (used for future plans), "He is
collecting his mother from the station tonight."

Simple Future (uses will or shall or going to + base form)

Simple Future (Some Decide to do I think I'll do my English homework tonight.

uncertainty) something at the
time of speaking

Simple Future (Certain) Have already I am going to study English next Saturday.
decided or arranged
to do something
Future Progressive/Continous (uses will be, shall be or going to be +-ing form)

Future Progressive (Some The English I will be starting my English lesson at 7.30 pm.
uncertainty) lesson should begin
at 7.30 and end at
9.15, so the
person should be
studying at 7.30 (but
the lesson might
start late).

Future Progressive (Certain) The English lesson I am going to be studying English when my friends arrive
begins at 7.30 and at 9.00 pm.
ends at 9.15, so
he's certain to be
studying when his
friend arrives at
8.00

Future Perfect Simple (uses will have or shall have + past participle)

Future Perfect Simple Used to say I will have already done my English homework by the
something will time I eat dinner on Saturday.
already be complete
by a time.

Future Perfect Progressive/Continuous (uses will have been or shall have been + -ing
form)

Future Perfect Used to say how I will have been studying English for 30 minutes when
Progressive long something will my friends arrive.
have been
happening in the
future by a certain
 time.

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