4 Ba 7 A 6152

yxTe E KsE pBlK
L nUT Uz
FEDERAL NEGARIT GAZETA
OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
bxTe E KsE pBlK 15th Year No. 64

q_R ^4
yZB twC MKR bT qEnT yw ADDIS ABABA 17th September, 2009
7 qN 22
W CONTENTS
xJ q_R 6)$/21 .M Proclamation No. 650/2009
} UI` . 49)&6 Higher Education Proclamation Page 4976
6)$/21
xJ q_R 6)$ PROCLAMATION NO. 650/2009
}
} UI` HIGHER EDUCATION PROCLAMATION
WHEREAS, it has become necessary to lay down a

u= Ix L KU legal system to enable institutions to effect institutional
k< ee` Sc[ }sT e}TT transformation, and thus be able to serve as dynamic centers
TeU pU v pV 2=J< of capacity building consistent with the aspirations of the
T>un }sT K< 2=[< KTe peoples of Ethiopia in the context of globalization;
M Q e` S` eL> uSJ<&
WHEREAS, it has become necessary to create an
}sT wu= uJ< UI` appropriate legal framework to guide institutions focus
UÙ` vw ^ o L on critical issues of relevance and quality of education
uT}` = Qx cLU' =V^c= and research to contribute with efficacy to the
2 MT LA KTd" e}* Ethiopian peoples' aspirations of peace, democracy and
uwn 2=u[~ T>eM Q Tk development;
S` uTeK<&
WHEREAS, to ensure good governance in the context
} UI` Y` 2}e vK- of an expanding higher education system, it is imperative to
u G<@ SM"U e}` KTe u}sU provide by law for an appropriate balance of an institution's
KSe KIw pU vnL autonomy and its accountability to Government and to public
vK< }m S""M }u=< T> 2=- interests generally;
up uQ Sc eL> uSJ<&
WHEREAS, it is necessary to provide by law that the
}sT e}` e` uQ-Se~ system of governance of institutions shall promote, consistent
SW[ uS Hdw u SK with the Constitution, a life of a learning academic
SÌ L u}Sc[} SS^S` T>S^ community governed by the principle of freedom of
"T> TQu[cw Q T>Û expression based on reason and rational discourse;
2=J Q S uTeK<&
WHEREAS, the stage of development of the country's
]~ } UI` vnL u[ higher education in general requires legal direction and
cu 2 [ <?T 2=J Q guidance to enable it become efficacious, it has also become
particularly necessary to guide properly by law higher
p S^` uSh~ 2 u}K uM
education in private institutions in order to ensure and
}sT T>c } UI` uUI`
promote its positive contributions through relevant and
vw ^ T>upu quality education;
e}* 2=u[ T>eM p
T>e e` T>eM uSJ<&
N U nUT Uz ..q. *1
Unit Price Negarit G. P.O.Box 80001
gA 49)&7 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
q N 22 .M Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 64 17th September, 2009 . Page 4977
NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with

u= ^L =V^c= ]wK=
Article 55(1) of the Constitution of the Federal
Q-SY k $5(1) SW[ T>}K<
Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it is hereby
<DM::
proclaimed as follows:
M PART ONE
pLL GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. ` è 1. Short Title
I &} UI` l` This Proclamation may be cited as the "Higher
6)$/21& }wKA K=ke LM:: Education Proclamation No. 650/2009."
2. `T@ 2. Definitions
In this Proclamation, unless the context requires
nK< vw K?L `c< otherwise:
"MJ uk` u=I <e-
1/ "academic community" means all those
1/ ""T> TQw[cw" TK u}sU <e persons studying, teaching and doing
uSu U u>? uST`' research as permanent or visiting members of
uTe}T` 2 uUÙ` }v` L an institution;
}cT`}< T>< c k <&
2) "academic officer" means research and
2/ " " % publication officer, registrar and other similar
% officers;
+ . 0
3/ "academic staff" means members of an institution
3/ ""T> c^}" TK uTe}T` employed in the capacity of teaching and/or
2/U uUÙ` }v` L }cT^ research, and any other professional of the
}sU c^} c=J c@ uT>< institution who shall be recognized so by senate
w SW[ "T> W^} }wKA statutes;
2e+' TM U established as a constituent unit of an
=`S <& institution;
5/ "e}` c c^}" TK 5/ "administrative support staff" means

e}`' u=e S^`' - personnel of an institution employed to
e H>dw Y^' Uw MKA provide administrative, business
Tp[w' ' un I management, accounting, catering,
U SdcK< }v^ T> maintenance, safety, security and such other
< }sU c^} <& services;
6/ "?c=" TK uT>>ea U` u? 6/ "Agency" means Education Relevance and
w T>ssU UI` vw Quality Agency to be established by
^ ?c= <& regulation of the Council of Ministers;
7/ "Centre" means Education Strategy Centre to
7/ "TM" TK uT>>ea U` be established by regulation of the Council of
u? w T>ssU UI` e^- Ministers;
}= TM <&
8/ "higher education" means education in the
8/ "} UI`" TK ueuw' arts and sciences offered to undergraduates
TQu^ de ude KA= and graduate students who attend degree
Se upS U[n I[ U[n programmes through any of the delivery
=] a^V u=I k modes stated under Article 19 of this
09 Y` u}SK~ UI` Proclamation;
vx T>c UI` <&
gA 49)&8 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
9/ "}sU" TK SY U M 9/ "institution" means a public or private higher

} UI` }sU <& education institution;
0/ "T>>e`" U "T>>e`" TK 10/ "Ministry" or "Minister" means the Ministry

2pU }}K< UI` T>>e` or Minister of Education, respectively;
U T>>e` <&
01/ "c<" TK }a c< U 11/ "person" means a natural or juridical person;

uI c< Sw }c< "M
<&
12/ "private institution" means a non-public
02/ "M }sU" TK u Kcw higher education institution established by
U uL l` vL< c one or more individual owners or by non-
vKu? U LT< K` profit making associations, founded as co-
vMJ TQu^ U uQw[ e^ operative society or commercial association,
TIu^ U u TQu`
or higher education institution established
}SW[} U u< ` }S-
W[} u= <e T>kdke abroad and operating in Ethiopia;
} UI` }sU <&
03/ "Se }sU" TK 2 v- 13/ "public institution" means an institution
w~ u~ u^M U uMM whose budget is allocated by the Federal or
Se T>SwK } UI- State Government, as the case may be;
` }sU <&
04/ "MM" TK u= ^L 14/ "state" means any state specified in Article
=V^c= ]wK= Q-Se 47 of the Constitution of the Federal
k #7 }SK}< T c^}" TK e}` 15/ "technical staff" means non-administrative
c c^} MJ ST` personnel employed to support the teaching-
Te}T` UÙ` Y^ KT learning and research processes and non-
}k[ c^} c=J uTe}T` academic professional medical personnel
JeKA <e }k[ "T> employed in a teaching hospital;
c^} MJ vKS c 3. Scope of Application
1/ I u= <e uT>kdke 1/ This Proclamation shall apply to any

T JM:: institution operating in Ethiopia.
2/ =I k <e k (1) @ 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article

u=Ù I uHT }sU (1) of this Article, this Proclamation shall not
Y` vK LT< UI` Y`~ apply to institutions under religious
T uJ }sU L 2=Gc }sU L }T> JU:: institutions that offer only diploma and
certificate programmes.
gA 49)&9 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
4. }
} UI` LT 4. Objectives of Higher Education
} UI` LT T>}K< The objectives of higher education are to:
<-
1/ ]~ uKU k [ }] 2 1/ prepare knowledgeable, skilled, and
J T>eLD u2<k' IKA attitudinally mature graduates in numbers with
SK" < U\n u]~ L demand-based proportional balance of fields
A SW[ u}u= S< Sc and disciplines so that the country shall become
UI` T^& internationally competitive;
2/ u]~ L L }Sc[} <[~ 2/ promote and enhance research focusing on
u<k KA= i` L J knowledge and technology transfer consistent
UÙ` T^S TMu&
with the country's priority needs;
3/ UI` UÙ` uS }kv
3/ ensure that education and research promote
vK< Hdw M<< SÌ L
}Sc[} Hdw u SK freedom of expression based on reason and
T>Kw SJ< T<U KA rational discourse and are free from biases and
SJ< T[& prejudices;
4/ u]~ L L }Sc[} 4/ design and provide community and consultancy

TQu[cw TT` MKA services that shall cater to the developmental
Tu`& needs of the country;
5/ }sT }m ` 5/ ensure institutional autonomy with
T[& accountability;
6/ u}sT e}` lM vK `h 6/ ensure the participation of key stakeholders in
}d T[& the governance of institutions;
7/ u}sT 2penc? I' H- 7/ promote and uphold justice, fairness, and rule
Q uL T^S Sup& of law in institutional life;
8/ V^c= vIM Td TQu[cu<
vIM w SJ
< T[ } UI`
}d ]~ L H 9/ ensure fairness in the distribution of public
SW[ uT[ Te:: institutions and expand access on the basis of
need and equity.
PART TWO
M G<K INSTITUTIONS, STAFF AND STUDENTS OF
eK}sT
eK}sT }sT W^} }T] INSTITUTIONS
<e M SECTION ONE

cK}sT INSTITUTIONS
5. SssU
5. Establishment
1/ u^M Se u T>}` 1/ A public institution financed by the federal
}sU uT>>ea U` u? w
government shall be established by regulation
SW[ ssTM::
of the Council of Ministers.
2/ uMM Se u T>}` }sU
2/ A public institution financed by a state government
uMK< uT> Q SW[ ssTM:: shall be established by law enacted by the state;
JU uMM Se T>< Q provided however, that the state law shall comply
=I @ K?KA with the requirements of this Proclamation and other
^M e} ^ SS federal minimum quality standards.
d" SJ ùM::
gA 49)' L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ vw L< =I @ 3/ Without prejudice to the provisions of this

2}ul J< M }sU 2 Proclamation, a private institution shall be
vw~ uTQu^' u TQu^' established in accordance with the law governing
uQw[ Y^ TQu^ U vw associations, business organizations, cooperatives or
vK< K?L Q SW[ ssTM:: any other relevant law.
4/ TssS<' T>K 4/ Any institution shall be established, changed or

[u T>} modified on the basis of a project which shall:
K< v"}} a 2p L uSS
Y[ JM-
a) set socially acceptable aims for the
G) TQu^ }kv L< }sU proposed institution;
LT ekS&
b) contain a description of the status and main
K) }sS< [ "T>
KA `` 2 UI` academic units of the institution, and
a^V e`} UI` documentation on programmes and
"}} SK& curricula;
N) }sS< "T> c^}' U c) provide data on the research and teaching
I` SM w U staff, the facilities, and the funding
T>M S[& schemes;
S) UI` UÙ` uwn KT"H@ d) provide for a management system which
T>eM e}` Y` K< shall guarantee effective delivery of
eKSJ< T[& education and research;
W) ]~ e} ^ SS e) undertake to comply with minimum
T>w` eKSJ< O national standards and requirements.
T[::
5/ u=I k <e k (4) Y` }S 5/ The Ministry shall issue directives on
K~ uT>SK T>>e\ `` application of the provisions of sub-article (4)
SS] M:: of this Article.
6/ M }sU KTssU T>kù< a 6/ The project for the establishment of a private

p u=I k <e k (4) institution shall, in addition to the requirements
Y` }SK~ S[ u}T]
under sub-article (4) of this Article, be
kKA }SK~ < ""}} S-
accompanied by a memorandum of
SY[ G< ` Sp[w ùM-
establishment specifying the institution's:
G) }sS< }v^ c& a) scope of activities;
K) }sS< T>KMv< w[ b) property and source of funding;

Sg U& c) management bodies and agents.
N) }sS< S^` "L =KA::
7/ The requirements for the establishment, change

7/ eK}sU SssU' SK U Sh or modification of an institution under this
hM =I k @ 2 v Article shall apply mutatis mutandis to the
w~ u= <e uT>kdke establishment of an institution or a branch of an
u< ` u}ssS }sU U
institution that originates in a foreign country.
}sS< p` L }T> JK<::
6. Q c< 6. Legal Personality
An institution established in accordance with this
u=I SW[ }ssS }sU Q
Proclamation shall have legal personality and, as such,
c< K< J w[ vKu? SJ' it shall be entitled to own property, to enter into
<M SM' u^c< eU Sce Sce contracts, and to sue and be sued in its own name.
LM::
gA 49)'1 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
7. }sT S] 2c? 7. Guiding Values of Institutions

}sT K}M2"D< Sd" T>Û- The guiding values that institutions shall promote
< T>ws< S] 2c? T> and uphold in pursuance of their mission are:
}K< <-
1/ 2< Sh 2< SK 1/ pursuit of truth and freedom of expression of
& truth;
2/ u}M e? L }Sc[} m& 2/ institutional reputability based on successful
execution of mission;
3/ "T> }] uww` L 3/ competitiveness in scholarship and cooperation

}Sc[} U& with other institutions;
4/ }sU }m `& 4/ institutional autonomy with accountability;
5/ d e}` Q uL& 5/ participatory governance and rule of law;
6/ I H& 6/ justice and fairness;
7/ S<e SM vIM& 7/ a culture of fighting corruption;
8/ ^ kM k MKA 8/ quality and speedy service delivery;

Se&
9/ qu= Hw nkU <?T 9/ economical use of resources and effective
w[ w"u?& maintenance of assets;
0/ KUe< c< 2<p Sc& 10/ recognition of merit;
01/ V^c= vIM w<I:: 11/ democracy and multiculturalism.
8. }sU HL 8. Responsibilities of Institutions

=I K?KA @ 2}ul Without prejudice to other provisions of this
J< T}K< HL Proclamation, every institution shall:
[M-
1/ uphold the objectives of higher education and
1/ } UI` LT }sT the guiding values of the institution; and ensure
S] 2c? Tu` UI` that it is an institution of scholarship;
UÙ` }sU SJ< T[&
2/ develop programmes of study and provide
2/ UI` a^V Sp[ higher education; prepare and supply qualified
} UI` Se& u]~ L
graduates in knowledge, skills, and attitudes on
A L uSSY[ u2<k' uIKA
uSK" < U\n T the basis of needs of the country; and award
academic qualifications in accordance with its
^ 2 ua^V SW[ }K
UI` Tc[ Se& programmes;
3/ uH^ <[ p Sc[ v 3/ undertake and encourage relevant study,

w L< ' UÙ` 2 TQ research, and community services in national
u[cw MKA pT> uT>c< and local priority areas and disseminate the
H^ vu= < L T"H@ findings as may be appropriate; undertake, as
U }u= uJ vw Tc^ may be necessary, joint academic and research
& 2 eL>~ ` <e projects with national and foreign institutions
< }sT 2 K?KA UÙ` or research centres;
TL ` uS}vu` "T> U
Ù` a T"H@&
4/ recruit and administer its personnel and manage
4/ u=I }T> vL< K?KA
Q @ Sc[ e^} S its finance and property in accordance with this
p` Te}`& }sS< w Proclamation and other applicable laws;
w[U Te}`&
gA 49)'2 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
5/ u=I Sc[ <e x SS 5/ legislate and implement internal rules and

] T< TeU& guidelines in accordance with this
Proclamation;
6/ prepare and implement institutional plans,
6/ }sS< p' u [ T
budget and organizational structures, and
S}u`& 2=G<U u=I
submit performance reports in accordance with
SW[ U ]` Tp[w&
this Proclamation;
7/ establish cooperation relations with industries
7/ u}M< L uSSe[ 3e]-
K?KA }sT ` ww` - and other institutions in pursuit of its mission;
< SSe[&
8/ } <? LeSu< U KQw[ 8/ give recognition or award prizes or honorary
}cu< } e}* Lu[~ Kcx degrees to persons of outstanding achievements
2~ KSc
with preparatory and technical and vocational
K> S< UI` u? 2
T[ c< ` S}vu`& schools as may be appropriate;
10/ publish annual and multi-year statistics on
0/ u=I u}< SW[ S
kU S UI` w- educational input-and-output and financial
<? 2=G< Q U 11/ discharge other responsibilities provided for in

uSSe[< c }c< K?KA this Proclamation and in its instrument of
HL S:: establishment.
9. eK}sU [ 9. Status of Institutions

Tyè+& 1/ university;
2/ >yè+ K?& 2/ university college;
3/ K?& 3/ college;
4/ 3e+:: 4/ institute.
0. eKUI` [ 10. Levels of Curriculum and Education
u=I eK}sT [ }< 2 Without prejudice to the provisions of this Proclamation

}ul J< uTc on status of institutions and subject to senate decisions,
Y`} UI`- curricula to be developed by any institution shall have
programmes, as may be appropriate, leading to the award
of:
1/ uvK` (u=.?/u=.?.c=) =]&
1/ Bachelor Degree (BA/BSc);
2/ QU }` (?U.=.) U 2e
2/ Medical Doctor (MD) or Doctor of Veterinary
d QU }` (=.y=.?U) =]&
Medicine (DVM) degree;
3/ Te_ =] (?U.? 2 ?U.?e.c=)
U QU U K?L S< 3/ Masters Degree (MA/MSc), or a Medical or
other Professional Specialty;
ehK=e&
gA 49)'3 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
4/ Doctorate (PhD) Degree or its equivalent; or

4/ _ (.?.=) U }Sdd
[ K< K?L =]' U
5/ any other degree that may be determined by the
5/ u@ }c Tc JM::
01. >yè
>yè+ [ eKSe 11. Granting the Status of a University
1/ Tyè+& T>K< e 1/ An institution shall be granted the name and
T@ [ uT>>e\ T>c< T> status of a university by the Ministry where:
}K< SS c=TEL JM-
a) it has a minimum enrollment capacity of
G) uSu =] a^S< 2 2 = 2,000 students in regular undergraduate
uL }T] u=e =`S
uL uJ< fe UI` KA and graduate programmes in at least three

U[n Q[ U[n a^V academic units larger than departments, or
Te}T` pU c=[< U uS it has a minimum enrollment capacity of
u =] a^S< 2 2 = 2,000 students in regular undergraduate
uL }T] u=e =`S programmes in at least four academic units
uL uJ< ^ UI` KA larger than departments;
upS U[n aÛ w Te}T`
pU c=[<&
K) u>yè+ K? U u b) it has a record of at least four consecutive
U u2>e+ } classes of graduates in a degree programme
UI` MKA c=c q J if it has been rendering services of higher
u=] aÛ u=e K^ education after being accredited as a
} S }T] university college, college or institute;
eS[k c=J&
c) it undertakes research in different
N) vw vL< }K Se appropriate fields, has published its
UÙ` T>`' UÙ` <?- research products and has facilitated means
d}S 2 UÙ`
of dissemination of the research findings to
K}nT> T>e}LMv<
S S c=J& end-users;
S) uT>>e\ < H^ e} [ d) it has a curriculum that match the national

SS T>TEL [< standards set by the Ministry, the necessary
uk e`} UI`' Ke^< eL> academic staff, institutional governing
J< "T> c^}' u=I structures as provided for by this
}< }sT e}` [ Proclamation, teaching materials,
' Te}T] KA' u?}SQ
u?}S<^ K< 2 K?KA classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and
KUI` Se< T>eM< w other appropriate discipline-related
TEL c=J % facilities; and
W) K?KA uT>>e\ }kS< e} e) it fulfills other minimum national standards

[ SS c=TEL:: set by the Ministry.
2/ =I k <e k (1) @ 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article
u=\U u=I k 5 }< (1) of this Article and without prejudice to
2}uk J }sU >yè+ Article 5 of this Proclamation, an institution
eT@ [ 2=ssU ex J may be established with the name and the status
K< Hw p`x }sT 2p of a university if it is conceived as such and its
^ c= cu< }sU u=I k
resource provisions as well as its institutional
<e k (1) Y` }kS< plans and vision are such that it can, in the
SS }kv vK< >? <e
K=TEL LM wKA T>>e\ c=U judgment of the Ministry, fulfill the
}sS< >yè+ J SssU LM:: requirements set forth under sub-article (1) of
this Article in an acceptable time.
gA 49)'4 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ % 3) The Ministry shall determine the university

; status of an institution that offers a combination
? of regular and distance or virtual education or
. G 0 IJ % only distance and/or virtual education on the
basis of, as the case may be, its own study or in
? accordance with international good practice.
%
02. >yè+ K? [ eKSe 12. Granting the Status of a University College

1/ T>e\ ">yè+ 1/ An institution that may be granted the name
K?" T>K< eT@ [ KT and status of a university college by the
u=I k 01 <e k (1) Ministry shall, in addition to the requirements
}^ M (N)' (S) 2 (W) stipulated under paragraphs (c), (d) and (e) of
}SK~ u}T]- sub-article (1) of Article 11 of this
Proclamation:
G) uSu =] a^S< l^< a) have a minimum enrollment capacity of
u=e 2 J< }T] =`S- 2,000 undergraduate students in its regular
uL uJ< fe UI` KA degree programmes in three academic units
upS U[n aÛ w Te}T` larger than departments; and
pU K<' 2
b) have a record of at least three consecutive
K) uK? U u2e+ }
UI` MKA c=c q J classes of graduates in a degree programme
u=] aÛ u=e Kfe } if it has been rendering services of higher
S }T] eS[k' education after being accredited as a
college or an institute.
SJ Ku::
2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article
2/ =I k <e k (1) u=Ù
(1) of this Article and without prejudice to
u=I k 5 }< 2} Article 5 of this Proclamation, an institution
uk J }sU K< Hw
p`x' }sT 2p ^ c= may be established with the name and status of
a university college if its resource provisions as
}sS< u=I k <e k (1) Y`
}kS< SS }kv well as institutional plans and vision are such
vK< >? <e K=TEL LM wKA that it can, in the judgment of the Ministry,
T>>e\ c=U }sS< >yè+ K? fulfill the requirements set forth under sub-
J SssU LM:: article (1) of this Article in an acceptable time.
3/ % 3) The Ministry shall determine the university

; college status of an institution that offers a
? combination of regular and distance or virtual
. G 0 IJ education or only distance and/or virtual
education on the basis of, as the case may be,
%
its own study or in accordance with

international good practice.
? %
13. Granting the Status of a College

03. K? [ eKSe
An institution that may be granted the name and
}sU uT>>e\ &K?& T>K< e status of a college by the Ministry shall, in
T@ [ KT u=I k 01 addition to the requirements stipulated under
<e k (1) }^ M (S) 2 (W) paragraphs (d) and (e) of sub-article (1) of Article
}SK~ SS u}T] u=e 11 of this Proclamation, offer higher education in
=`S uL uJ UI`
degree programmes at least in one academic unit
M u=] aÛ UI` T>c
larger than departments.
SJ ùM::
gA 49)'5 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
14. Granting the Status of an Institute

04. 2>e+ [ eKSe
An institution that maybe granted the name and
}sU T>>e\ &2>e+& T>K status of an institute by the Ministry shall, in
< eT@ [ KT u=I
addition to the requirements stipulated under
k 01 <e k (1) }^ M (S)
paragraphs (d) and (e) of sub-article (1) of Article
2 (W) }kS< u}T]-
11 of this Proclamation:
1/ u=e u UI` Se U 1/ be able to give education and training at least

UI` eM Se in one field or discipline; and
T>M' 2
2/ uT>c< UI` u=] 2/ have a capacity in the discipline to offer
[ UI` Se pU K<' education in a degree programme.
SJ ùM::
05. =e SY
SY }sU eKTssU 15. Establishment of New Public Institution
1/ =I k 01 2 02 1/ Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 11 and

@ u=\U =I K?KA 12 of this Proclamation and without prejudice to
@ 2 }ul J< =e other provisions of this Proclamation, a new
public institution may be established as a
Se }sU uT>>ea U`
university or a university college on the basis of
u? <d@ u>yè+ U u>yè+
decision by the Council of Ministers.
K? [ K=ssU LM::
2/ The Ministry shall ensure that the new public
2/ T>>e\ =c< Se }s [ institution meets all the requirements
< T>ul SS uS<K<
TTE L~ [M:: expected of its level.
16. Academic Freedom

06. eK"T>
1/ Academic freedom shall be guaranteed for

1/ T [M::
2/ T- 2/ Every institution shall cultivate the culture of
~ c=Û TQu^ social responsibility in its academic community in
HL vQM 2=uK T[ the exercise of academic freedom.
ùM::
3/ T }u` u` 2= Proclamation and international good practice.
S^ T[ ùM::
17. Autonomy of Public Institutions

07. Se }sT
1/ Every public institution is hereby granted the
1/ T>e 2/ Subject to the responsibilities of the Board
\ HL 2}ul J< and the Ministry as stipulated in this
Se }sT T>}K< Proclamation, autonomy of public institutions
U^M- shall also include to:
gA 49)'6 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
G) vw L< Y`} UI- a) develop and implement relevant curricula and

` UÙ` a^V T- research programmes; create new or close
T"H@& =e a^V existing programmes; set up its
S U va S& organizational structure and enact and
[~ Sc <e w- implement its internal rules and procedures;
SS] T<
S}u`&
b) consistent with other provisions of this
K) Proclamation, select, through a transparent
"T> K?KA c^} Sp- system of competition, academic and other
` eKY^ U wn vek staff to be employed by the institution and
S< SS uT>h< designate or determine their responsibilities
<? Sc[ L< based on institutional requirements and
Sc& expectations concerning performance and
quality of work;
N) u=I @ }T>
vL< K?KA QA S`J c) administer its personnel based on the
Sc[ c< HK< Te}`& provisions of this Proclamation and the
principles of other applicable laws;
S) u=I u}< SW[ d) nominate the president, vice presidents
_=~' UM _= and members of the Board, and select
2 x` vL u2 and appoint leaders of academic units
Tp[w& UI` KA S]- and departments as provided for by this
SU[ SjU& Proclamation;
W) u=I }T> vL<
e) manage its funds and property on the
K?KA QA x SW[
w Hw~ w[~ Tc} basis of this Proclamation and other
`:: applicable laws and regulations.
3/ T<U Se }sU ~ 3/ Every public institution shall exercise its

c=Û Q' <?T' autonomy in ways that, at the same time,
M' I }m v[ ensure lawfulness, efficiency and
SM< SJ ùM:: effectiveness, transparency, fairness, and
accountability.
18. Autonomy of Academic Units of Public
08. eKSe
eKSe }sU "T> KA Institutions

1/ Every institution shall have academic units

1/ T [ L< nomenclature that shall be based on
}u=< eT@ }c< "T> reasonable and justifiably clustered
KA \M:: disciplines or fields or branches of a
discipline.
2/ T
KA }sS< u=I Sc[ 2/ Subject to rules, standards and procedures
uT>< @' SS established by the institution, consistent with
U e` Sc[ this Proclamation, academic units of a public
ue}`' ue% u"T> institution shall have the necessary autonomy
< ^M:: in administration and finance as well as in
academic affairs.
3/ }sT _= "T>
KA vL< HL< 3/ Presidents shall ensure that academic units
S 2=K< eL>< }sT are provided institutionally with the
' S G<@ um Gw necessary support and enabling systems and
2=b< TeM `vM:: resources to fulfill their responsibilities as
autonomous units.
gA 49)'7 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
09. eKUI` a^V 19. Education Programmes
1/ u}K G<@ "M}ssS ue}k` 1/ Unless specifically established otherwise, the

T<U }sV lM }v` core business of any institution shall be to
uSu a^V UI` eM offer education and training through regular
Se' UÙ` T"H@ KTQu- programmes, conduct research, and render
[cw MKA Se JM:: community services.
2/ wn K< SJ< [ T 2/ Subject to demonstrable competence, any
}K< institution may also offer education and
S UI` eM Se training through the following programmes:
LM-
a) continuing education;
G) } UI`& b) distance or virtual education.
K) `k U uS[ S
KA= T> UI`::
3/ Subject to demonstrable competence, any
3/ wn K< SJ< [ T institution may also give short-term trainings
<U }sU u}T] TeU for capacity building, or for imparting
pU KSv U u }c knowledge and skills in specific fields, and
S< Se 2<k IKA award appropriate certificates.
KTe}LK ` eM
uSe }u=< c`? Se
LM::
20. Language of Instruction

!. Te}T] ss
1/ The medium of instruction in any institution,
1/
except possibly in language studies other
% . than the English language, shall be English.
] TU preparation of teachers for primary schools
S< M u}L>< ss K=c< and grades may be given in any appropriate
LK<:: languages.
3/ SeT K}d< }T] T>c 3/ Education for students with complete hearing
UI` uUM ss Sc impairment shall be given in or supplemented
U S ùM:: by appropriate sign language.
!1. Y`} UI`

!1. 21. Curriculum
1/ uT<U }sU e`} UI` 1/ Curricular design, delivery, and assessment
k[' u^ U LT }T]< of learning outcomes in any institution shall
}u=< dd <k' u Tc aim at enabling the learner to acquire
LcM IKA' Hdu< SK I- pertinent scientific knowledge, independent
S< 2c? 2=w thinking skills, communication skills and
uTeM wl vKS< T
professional values that together prepare him
JM::
to become a competent professional.
2/ T<U }sU UI` KA 2/ Every institution shall guide curricular

}ÙI` k[ u development by its academic units through
U\n wn SS 2=S^ appropriate learning outcomes.
`M::
gA 49)'8 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ }sT p e`} UI` 3/ Institutions shall have suitable framework

k[ T>ewp }sT e`} that provide for purposeful curricular
UI` k[ e` ^M& development; and shall ensure its
UI` KA< e`~ implementation by academic units.
eKS}u^<U [K<::
4/ Curricula common to any number of public
4/ vL w LL< }sT institutions may be developed jointly through
^ J e`} UI` u=G< the participation of the public institutions
}sT }d u^ K=k[ LM& responsible for their implementation; and
e`} UI`~U uG<K
such curricula shall serve as the minimum
}sT T>}u` e}< SS
J KLM:: requirements applicable to any of the
institutions.
5/ _^ pV vw 2}ul
J<' T a^VU Ua KT>c< programmes, including concerning programmes
a^V e`} UI` Sp[% for which nationally applicable curricula may be
[M:: developed through joint efforts of institutions.
6/ e`} UI` }vu` uUÙ` 6/ Curriculumm delivery shall be research and
L }SW[} p SJ study-based and up-to-date and the teaching-
ùM& ST` Te}T` H>~U learning process shall be continuously
u~' uc< 2 uU e`~
updated in its design, delivery methods, and
G<K?U p SJ ùM::
instruments of assessment.
7/ }sU M 2}}uk 7/ The Ministry may, without prejudice to the
J' T>>e\ KSe }sT
^ J< e`} UI` k[ legitimate authority of the individual
K=e}vw` LM& =I k institutions, coordinate curricula
@ KTeUU SS] development common to public institutions
K= LM:: and issue directives as may be necessary to
bring the provisions of this Article into
8/ T>>e\ eL> J c=< H^ operation.
Y`} UI` ue}v necessary, national panels or councils or a
w` T>}M "M K=slU body to coordinate and monitor curricula
LM:: review, development and implementation.
22. Institutional Quality Enhancement
eK}s ^ TMu Y`
!2. eK}s
!2.
1/ Without prejudice to other provisions of this
1/ =I K?KA @ 2 Proclamation and the relevant regulations and
vw0 L< x SS] directives, every institution shall have a
2}ul J<' T?< T>hhM enhancement that shall be continuously
^ TAMu Y` [M:: improved.
2/ The internal system of quality enhancement
2/ T c^} comprehensive measures of quality covering
S< MT' UI` ' professional development of academic staff,
ST` Te}T\ H>' }T]
course contents, teaching-learning processes,
U <? c "}} M
}TEL ^ SK= SJ student evaluation, assessment and grading
ùM& u}T]U }T] systems, which shall also include student
UI` ' UI` c evaluation of course contents together with
' U' } <? the methods and systems of delivery,
c Y`~ T>SSl du= }T] applied to all processes of importance to the
T>c S[ e }T] quality of study programmes, beginning with
UI`~ q< c=pl the information provided to potential
2eT>c< UT [e vK< uG<- applicants and ending with student evaluation
KSK H> L }T> JM::
4/ Institutions shall develop quality standards,
4/ T?< "T>
follow-up and rectify the deficiencies
*= T[ u*= }SK~
S S}M Te}"M revealed by the audit, and maintain
2=G- activities undertaken and of the ensuing
d }u= c S K?- results, and submit such documentations
c=v< 2Ù u?- effect to appropriate recommendations by the
c=< T>c< }u= L< e}- Agency on quality enhancement measures that
SU Kv<:: have to be taken.
6/ }s ^ TMu Y` 6/ Details on institutional systems of quality

T>SK~ `` < u}sS< enhancement shall be included in the internal
<e w SS] S"} regulations of institutions.
`vM::
7/ The Ministry, the Centre, and the Agency

7/ T>>e\' TK< ?c=< }S^ shall also guide institutional quality
m lM vI] U U\n
enhancement efforts as well as curricula
wn SS 2\ G<@
uT>e U uT>SL H^ development through a national
U\n wn Tk T" qualifications' framework that shall, as the
U` }sT ^ TMu case may be, determine or indicate core
[ 2 Y`} UI` k[ learning outcomes or graduate competencies.
p eK<::
!3. eK "T> U`
!3. 23. Academic Guidance and Counseling
1/ T c^} T" and academic staff, shall officially and
u}sS< eKT>c< UI` properly inform students and applicants of
2 eKUI`~ ' [ the courses of study available, the content,
}T] U e` u}u= }s structure, and requirements of each course.
T e` K}T] KSM"
SK ùM::
2/ T? uS<K< throughout the duration of their courses of
K}T] "T> U` study by providing them with specialized
MKA Se ùM:: academic advice and counseling relating to
their studies.
3/ "T> U` MKA~ M
"T> T>h< }T] 3/ Academic units shall take remedial
S^< qS }sT U- actions where academic advice and
I` KA S KTe
}u=< 2Ù S<c `- counseling reveal the need for special
vM:: academic support and follow up.
gA 49)( L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
4/ }sT 2cL>~ UI` Se 4/ Institutions shall explore and establish as

U` eSM K}T] pS
puL TT` MKA Y`
necessary a system of pre-admission
KSSY[ T>eL< 2Ù counseling of students on study choice.
eK<::
24. Research and Research Directions
!4. UÙ` UÙ` p
!4.
1/ uT"H@ UÙ`
UI` vw ^ KTd 1/ The focus of research in any institution shall
2 uKA= i` L v}\ be on promoting the relevance and quality of
]~ MT < L education and on the country's development
JM:: issues focusing on transfer of technology.
2/ T<U }sU lM <e < 2/ Every institution shall define its core research
vK `h "L ` uSS"` uG` areas and themes on the basis of the priority
LA' u}sS< }] S< pU 2 needs of the country, the institutions
vK< w Gw }] wM<
L }SY` UÙ` T>[v< comparative advantages, and in consultation
< pU }}M SK ùM:: with the key stakeholders.
3/ T"H>< UÙ` 3/ More specifically, every institution shall
u}K- undertake research that shall:
G) u]~ kT> L L a) take into account the priority needs of
uSSe[ uKA= i` the country and enable the country to
0% TeU pU solve its challenges and build its capacity
T>v' through technology transfer;
K) vw L< k b) equip students with basic knowledge and
UÙa KT"H@ 2=K< }T skills that enable them to undertake
] uSW[ UÙ` < further and relevant studies and research.
k KA T>ep'
SJ Ku::
4/ Every institution shall have an
4/ T<U }sU up L }Sc[} institutionalized system that enables it to
^c< UÙ` KT"H@ UÙ` carry out planned research and conduct joint
a K?KA G^ KU research projects with other national and
k }sT' UÙ` "L 2 international institutions, research centres,
2e] u^ KT"H@ T>e and industries.
K< }sT e` [M::
5/ Particulars on the organization, management,
5/ UÙ` T"H@ T>SK~ [- responsibilities, and procedures required to
T@S `` < conduct research shall be determined by each
u}sS< T>c< JK<::
institution.
6/ Every institution shall have a transparent
6/ T its academic staff as primarily teachers,
U <e uTev uUÙ` < researchers, or combinations thereof on the
p Sc[ "T> W^} u
uSUI` U u}^T]0 U
basis of its research agenda and plan,
G<K~U uTk 2="H> À demonstrable merit, and practicality, and
T>cTû M K< Y` with stipulations clarifying debated areas.
[M::
7/ u=I k <e k (6)
}< 2}uk J T W^}< Article, every institution shall ensure that all
uY-O L u}Sc[} and everyone of its academic staff are
U uMT < L engaged in study activities based on literature
v}[ UÙ` L SWT^~ or research focusing on developmental
T[ ùM:: issues.
gA 49)(1 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
8/ T SJ 8/ Every institution shall issue rules and

T>Uu k Ua vK< 3) k procedures on research and consultancy
<e U =e T>ssU }sU c=J standards, code of professional ethics, norms,
}ssSu k Ua u S <e responsibilities that shall govern its
}sS< "T> c^} U operations and the activities of its academic
T>n< UÙ` U` MKA
wn SS' S< eUv` 2
staff within 300 days from the effective date
HL < SS] U of this Proclamation, and in case of a new
e` k` }v^ `M:: institution, within a year from the date of its
establishment.
25. Research and Innovation Fund
!5. UÙ`
!5. UÙ` ^
1/ Every institution shall establish research and
1/ T<U }sU UÙ` ^ innovation fund.
[M::
2/ Every institution shall allocate sufficient fund
2/ T
.::
3/ =I k <e k (2) @ 2} 3/ Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
uk J' T article (2) of this Article, any institution may
T>c< UÙ` Y^ Se conduct research in the priority areas using
"MJ U uT>< u= }pV
T"H@ LM:: JU }sS< incomes from non-public sources; and it shall
SYU J SY "MJ ensure that all such funds as well as public
U u}K KUÙ` }SuK w funds allocated specifically for research are
vvu< 2 uS<K< KUÙ` }v` SK< utilized with efficiency and efficacy.
T[ ùM::
4/ Every institution shall have a transparent

4/ T<U }sU M K< system of research fund management and
UÙ` e}` Y` utilization.
[M::
5/ Any institution or any of its academic staff may
5/ T W^} K?KA "L from external and foreign sources if the research
< ` U uT> w ^ falls within the research standard, code of
UÙ` Y^ T"H@ T>K< professional ethics, and norms of the institution as
UÙ\ Y^ u=I k !4 shall be stipulated in accordance with sub-article
<e k (8) Y` u}K< (8) of Article 24 of this Proclamation.
Sc[ u}sS< Y-Uv` e`
MM T> J <::
!6.
!6. U` MKA 2 K?KA } 26. Consultancy and other Supplementary Activities
}v^
1/ }sT uwn< SW[ U` 1/ Institutions may perform consultancy or other

MKA } }v^ supplementary activities in areas related to
K=<< LK<:: their competence.
2/ Se }sT "T> W^}- 2/ Public institutions shall ensure that undertaking of
< T>"H> U` MKA consultancy or other supplementary activities by
K?KA } }v^ }sS< 2= academic staff shall not in any way compromise
< }ssSv< Y^ ^ the quality, extent, and availability of activities for
U d< S< the implementation of which the public
T[ `vM:: institutions are established.
gA 49)(2 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ Se }sT u"T>U J uK? 3/ Public institutions shall ensure that

KA W^}< T>< } undertaking of supplementary activities by
}v^ }M"D< 2 }Sc[~v academic or other staff does not erode their
< Q eUv` S`J mission, or their legal and ethical standards
Tg[i\ SJ< T[ and foundations.
`v M::
4/ T SJ T>Uù k e u
S >? <e U }sS< =e } directives to regulate consultancy services or
ssS c=J }ssSu k Ua other supplementary activities rendered by its
uG<K S >? <e uW^} academic staff within one year from the
T>< U` MKA U effective date of this Proclamation, and in
K?KA } }v^ T>S\u case of a new institution, within two years
T< ùM:: from the date of its establishment.
5/ TÛ < SSe[ transparent negotiations and agreements.
HL Ku::
6/ Without prejudice to individual intellectual
6/ Kcx 2Ua w[ vKu? property rights and agreements on confidentiality,
Sw <M }vu T>e` every institution shall have the responsibility to
Sup 2}uk J' put at the service of the wider community the
T MKA knowledge and skills that have hitherto been
w 2=<K< [< u\ utilized only for academic purposes.
<k IKA KQw[}cu< M
KA 2=<K< T[ HL
Ku::
7/ }sT uU` MKA T" 7/ Institutions shall use the results of the
T>< <? K"T> consultancy services as one source to deliver
MKA~ Tu] KST` Te}- informed academic services and to enrich
S\ H> TuM> U teaching and learning.
`< SkU `vM::
8/ Any non-compliance by any academic staff with
8/ u=I k <e k (4) }SK} the directives referred to in sub-article (4) of this
< }LM uS~ v- Article shall constitute sufficient ground for
w vK< HL SS] O disciplinary action against the violator in
Tekm }c uT@ S}- accordance with the institutions disciplinary rules,
LK G<@ S c< u}sS< if the violator persists in his violations after the
=eK= w SW[ 2Ù 2=- first instance official warning by an appropriate
cu [M:: person of the institution.
9/ T<U =I k @ c 9/ Any immediate supervisor or any other pertinent

S\ }u p`w HL U official who is aware of any violation of the
}sS< vKYM uQ Y` provisions of this Article shall have the
SW[ c~ TeqU HL responsibility to stop it through due process; and
ùM& I HL~ "M} U shall be liable to appropriate disciplinary action if
L "K =eK= 2Ù cuM:: he neglects his responsibility.
!7. S[ eKT
!7. eKT 27. Access to Information
1/ }sT e+e+" S[ T>cucu<- 1/ Institutions shall establish efficient systems

u uS"L<' uKA< for statistical data collection and information
S"M T>>e\ ` S[ exchange among themselves, their units, and
T>K<u kM Y` with the Ministry.
S` `v M::
gA 49)(3 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
2/ }sT K' `` }TEL 2/ Institutions shall publish accurate, detailed,

S UI` w u= and comprehensive annual educational and
e+e+" S[ Td}U financial statistical data. The statistical data
`vM:: S[ Td}S< shall be published, except in circumstances of
pU uL J e} "LS force majeure, within 120 days after the end
ue}k` UI` S of an academic year.
2}kk u S H k >?
<e SU ùM::
3/ uQ }< x 2}ul 3/ Without prejudice to legal restrictions,
J<' Se Se MJ< governmental and non-governmental
` UÙ` KT>"H> "T> organizations shall have the responsibility,
c^} }T] S[ Se upon request, to cooperate in providing the
S}vu` HL Kv<:: necessary information to academic staff or
students who undertake research.
!8. "T> S 2 u S
!8. 28. Academic Calendar and Fiscal Year
1/ Te}a }K< 3) k 300 calendar days, divided equally into
\M:: appropriate semesters.
2/ The senate of every institution shall

2/ T<U }sU @ =I k determine the actual academic year in
<e k (1) @ SW[ uT accordance with the provisions of sub-article
[ UI` S eM::
(1) of this Article.
3/ The fiscal year of every public institution
3/ SY }sT u S shall be the fiscal year of the Government.
SY u S JM::
SECTION TWO
<e M G<K
STAFF OF INSTITUTIONS
}sT W^}
29. Category of Staff

!9. W^}
!9.
Any institution shall have:
T W^}'
2/ technical support staff;
2/ > c W^}'
3/ administrative support staff;
3/ e} c W^}'
4/ professionals in teaching hospitals, as may be
4/ 2 vu< uTe}T] JeKA appropriate.
T>c\ vKS<'
\M::
30. Academic Staff

". "T> W^}
1/ Any institution may have the following

1/ T}K< "T> academic staff:
W^} K=\ LM-
gA 49)(4 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
G) KTe}T`/U KUÙ` }k- a) professors, associate professors, assistant

\ aca' }vv] ca' professors, lecturers, assistant lecturers and,
[ aca' K?[a' [ under unique circumstances or conditions of
K?[a 2 uG<@ e- transition, graduate assistants employed for
KSg] >? T>k\ [ teaching and/or research;
U\q&
b) other employees of the institution considered
K) uKU k SM"U }Va academic staff by decision of the senate
u}sS< @ <d@ w SW[ following international good practice and the
"T> W^} 2 c^} 2/ Every institution shall institute rules and
T[ T>cu =e p` procedures on employment and promotion of
T>Uu KU k } Va its academic staff, consistent with
L }Sc[} p` U
international good practices.
.
3/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article
3/ u=I k <e k (2) }<
u=Ù vK` =] U\n uSu (2) of this Article, graduates with bachelor
degrees may be employed as regular
"T> W^}
academic staff in government institutions
K=k\ T>K< T[<
only on the basis of directives to be issued by
T>c< T>>e\ uT><
SS] Sc[ JM:: the Ministry.
4/ T W^} 2K< T[ supply of academic staff in quality as well as
ùM:: "T> c^} w in numbers. The size of academic staff in an
u}sS< T>c J u}T] SUI` institution shall be based on staff-to-student
U@ KUÙ` uT>eM }T] ratios and additional research requirements
l` L }Sc[} JM:: that shall be determined by the institution.
5/ uG<K T>J< ^ Te}T` research loads applicable in all public institutions.
UÙ` Y^ Se` - The standard loads shall be formulated by the
^M:: Se`~ uSY }sT forum of public universities and be implemented
^ S[ } ux` } upon recommendation by the respective Boards
uT>>e\ c=p }v^ JM:: and approval by the Ministry. The Ministry may
T>>e\ Se`~ uM }sTU decide to apply the standards on private
}T> 2=J K=` LM:: institutions.
6/ The Ministry shall issue, from time to time,
6/ T>>e\ T c^} U@ educational qualifications and professional
u>?< M:: ranks, which shall be complied with by every
institution.
7/ uI[U[n a^V pS< u}hK
L T> SY }sU 7/ Any public institution endowed with better
2 G^ kT> }v\ c postgraduate programme resources shall
[ L KT>< K?KA assist, free of tuition charges and as a matter
SY }sT u"T> W^}- of national priority, in the academic staff
< MT K development of less so endowed public
2 `M:: institutions.
8/ vw L< K?KA QA } 8/ Without prejudice to other pertinent laws,

T> 2}uk J T p` x T>SK institution shall be considered for
c< T>K< p`w >? employment only if he produces a letter of
c]< Y^ SMkm Te[ Tp[w release from his last employer.
c=M w JM::
gA 49)(5 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
9/ vw L< K?KA QA } 9/ Without prejudice to other applicable laws,

T> 2}uk J' }sU any academic staff who has been dismissed
u=eK= U }v[[ for disciplinary reasons may be employed in
"T> W^} uK?L }sU Sk` another institution only after a proper review
T>K< kV ]<' }v[[u and scrutiny of his prior history, the nature of
}v[[ u%EL Ku G<@ the disciplinary offence that caused his
}UV u@ c=k w dismissal and his situation after the dismissal,
JM:: and upon the prior approval by the senate.
0/ T W^}
"1. W^} Sw
Sw 31. Rights of Academic Staff
1/ =I 2}- 1/ Without prejudice to other provisions of this
ul J<' T - Proclamation, every academic staff shall
T>}K< Sw \M- have the right to:
G) u}sS< }M S[ "T> a) exercise academic freedom based on the
SkU& institution's mission;
K) u}sS< <e w SS]- b) conduct research and render consultancy
SW[ UÙ` T"H@ services in accordance with internal
S< U` MKA Se- regulations of the institution; and take
& 2=G J UÙ- with internal regulations of the institution;
a T"H@& c) be entitled to further education and training
N) u}sS< w SS] for professional development, subject to
SW[ S<< T>w` internal rules and regulations of the
UI` YM T& institution;
d) be promoted and assume new academic rank
S) u}sS< w SS] on the basis of merit in accordance with the
2=G~ uT>>e\ institution's rules and regulations and in
uT> G^ Se` SW[ accordance with national norms and
S< T& standards the Ministry may issue as
necessary;
W) M H e}` T e) enjoy transparent, fair, and equitable

G]~ =T> pU uT>p administration and system of remuneration
< SW[ uSe T>c and benefits that shall be instituted by
U uM }sS< pU L Government as the economic condition of the
country may permit or as the income of a
}SW[} V pTpV
private institution may permit;
T&
f) participate, as feasible, in formulations of
[) u}s <[ p' p institutional direction, plans, regulations, and
w SS] e`- in curricula development and make
} UI` k[ L 2S~ comments on the quality and appropriateness
Sd} uST` Te}T` H>
of the teaching-learning process;
vw ^ L e}
Tp[w&
c) eK e^ S< }[ UT g) be informed on his performance results and
<? K2`c< <k uM of any records kept in his personal file
TI\ <e eK}kS< S[ without his prior knowledge as well as enjoy
Tp& 2=GkS< S[ K}sS< e} his personal file except for the official
^ e=` 2=<K T[& pertinent laws require otherwise;
gA 49)(6 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
g) u}sS< u= <e ^c< M h) enjoy campus security for himself and

w[~ I }wq }u=< for his personal property while rendering
MKA Se& the proper services;
k) eK}sS< p' ' <[ i) be informed on the plan, development,
p' G<@ < <? direction, condition and performance of
S[ T&
the institution;
u) "T> W^} SU[ }u=
uJu G<K< SS[ SU- j) elect and be elected where election of
[& academic staff is the norm;
}) u=eK= < ScT 2M k) receive due process in disciplinary

T }u= MJ <d@ 2= matters and demand and receive redress
dK Sp I T:: in cases of inappropriate decisions.
2/ T W^} 2/ Every institution shall formulate rules and
uT>SK~ Sw < L procedures on all matters of rights of its
ud H> w U academic staff and adopt and implement the
e` Sp[ }v^ T[ same after having them duly debated through
HL Ku:: participatory processes.
"2. "T> W^}

"2. W^}

32. Responsibilities of Academic Staff
1/ }sU "T> W^} T>}K< 1/ Every academic staff member of an
institution shall have the responsibilities to:
\uM-
G) M KT>eM< }T- a) teach, including assisting students in
] M T[ need of special support, and render
Ua Te}T`' "T> academic guidance or counseling and
U` MKA Qw[}cw community services;
MKA Se&
K) u^c< S< Se wn b) undertake problem-solving studies and
Sc[ KG` nT> J ` researches and transfer knowledge and skills,
UÙ` T"H@ in the specific area of self-competence and
<k IKA Tg`' professional position, that are beneficial to
the country; or at least ensure that own
u=e T>e}U[<
teaching is research and study-based and
UI` u UÙ` L
continuously updated;
}Sc[} T[ u>?<
Thh&
c) participate in curriculum development,
N) Y`} UI` uSUU' uS- review, and enhancement; and the required
p[ uTMu H> L Sd}- professional standard in curriculum delivery,
}u=< T> S 2=-
student assessment, grading, counseling, and
G<U uY`} UI`~ }vu`
u}T] U' <? W' management of student complaints and
TT`' }T] p_ grievances, and in professional ethical
u?~ uTe} vnL standards in general;
uS< Y-Uv` l
S< wn T[&
d) uphold, respect and practice the objectives of

) } UI` LT higher education and the guiding values of
}sS< T>S^v< 2c? T- the institution; and exercise academic
u`' S}u` "T> ~ freedom with professionalism and consistent
uS< eUv` % vw with the applicable provisions of this
vL< =I @ Proclamation;
SW[ S&
e) counsel, assist and support students in
) }T] }sS< }M' S] acquainting themselves with the mission
2c? } UI` LT and guiding values of the institution as
2=<l SU`' well as with the objectives of higher
T S`& education;
gA 49)(7 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
) S<K< Y^ >?< K}sS< f) devote his full working time to the

TM& institution;
) - n ê g) refrain from imposing his political views
K+" SK" U HT and religious beliefs on his students
u}T] SK" L during teaching-learning process;
S Sqw& h) treat and interact with members of the
) }sS< TQu[cw vL uT> institution's community by refraining
[< < uQ SY~ from acts that are contrary to rights
}[< Sw T>[\ enshrined in the Constitution;
`> câ Sqw&
i) perform other additional responsibilities
) u}sS< TssT> Q U that may be provided for by the senate
SSY[ c 2 u}sS< statutes, establishing legislation, or
@ w SW[ T>c< memorandum of association of the
K?KA }v^ T institution;
) - j) without prejudice to the provisions of
0 this Proclamation pertaining to joint
l appointment, devote his full energy,
0 working time and attention to the
. r - institution.
%
2/ Academic staff who are medical and health
2/ "T> c^} J< ? vKS< professionals shall have also the
u}sS< Te}T] JeM responsibility to render health services in the
<e uS<< }u=< MKA institution's teaching hospital.
Se U `vM::
3/ Institutions shall draw up, through participation of
3/ }sT u=I k vw the academic staff, and implement rules and
vL< =I K?KA @ procedures of discipline of academic staff which
L }Sc[} "T> W^} shall be consistent with the provisions of this
d} "T> W^} Article and other relevant provisions of this
; <}< }v^ T[ Proclamation.
`vM:: 4/ Every institution shall formulate and implement
4/ T in sub-article (3) of this Article within 300 days
SJ T>Uù U =e }sU from the effective date of this Proclamation or, in
case of a new institution, within 300 days from
c=J }ssSu k e vK< 3)
the date of its establishment.
k <e uT< }v^
T[ ùM::
33. Employment Tenure and Extension of
"3. eK"T> W^} sT> <[
"3. <[
<[ Retirement Age of Academic Staff
S< T@
T@ eKTÛ
1/ l% - 1/ Tenured employment of academic staff shall

constitute a privilege to be attained through
meritorious continuous service and outstanding
l
scholarly teaching and/or research or institutional
l 0 leadership achievements as an incentive to
% encourage academics to continue to excel in their
%/ I professions.
0
;{ %
gA 49)(8 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
2/ sT> J "T> W^} Y^ 2/ A tenured academic staff shall have job

e [M& sT> J "T> security, and may not be dismissed from his
W^} Y^< K=v[` T>K< position unless he has committed a serious
uSe }sS< @ w SW[ breach of discipline as stipulated by the
v =c=K= V c= senate statutes of the public institution.
w JM::
3/ Professors or associate professors who meet
3/ u=I k <e k (1) }SK- the requirements of sub-article (1) of this
}< T>TEL ac` U }vv] Article may, upon retirement, be given the
ac` u<[ }KK u%ELU rank and status of professor emeritus or
T[< 2 2=kM u}sS< associate professor emeritus in accordance
@ w SW[ K=kK with the provisions of the senate statutes of
LM:: an institution.
4/ T>>e\ T>}K< G<@ }TEK< 4/ The retirement age of an academic staff of a

uSY }sU T>KM "T> public institution may be extended by the
W^} <[ S< T@ Ministry, for two consecutive sets of terms of
K2 >? ufe S T>cw J
KG<K >? 2=Û K=` three years each, where:
LM- a) the staff holds a Masters Degree or
G) "T> W^}< Te_ =] above, remains in good health and has a
U = uL a SM"U meritorious continuous service;
? K< } <?T
MKA c=c q J' b) the institution reasonably justified, on
the basis of actual and projected demand,
K) }sS< up~ u L~
the need to extend the retirement age;
L }SY` <[ T@<
S^S< }u= SJ< Te[
K'
c) the staff has freely consented to
N) "T> W^}< <[ extension of the retirement age.
S< T@< 2=ÛK
n J::
5/ T>>e\ =I k @ 5/ The Ministry shall issue directives for the
}T> KT[ SS] M:: implementation of the provisions of this
Article.
"4. "T> W^}

"4. W^} u^ eKSp`
34. Joint Appointment
1/ "T> W^} u^ Sp` 1/ Joint appointment of academic staff shall

}T> T>J< UI` apply in circumstances when it shall prove an
vw ^ KT[ SM"U efficacious solution for an institution's
SH@ J c= U "T> challenge to ensure the relevance and quality
W^} 2[ KSp[ eL> of education as well as to meet demand of
c=J <:: ^ p` }v^ academic staff; and it shall be restricted in
c=[ Te}_ =] 2 = uL application to an institution's professionals
UI` [ K< "T>
with Master's degree and above and to
W^} T>SK J =e]'
' UÙ` TKA U professionals with high degree of relevant
K?KA ` u^ p` u}sU expertise from industry, business, research
KScT^ T>un S< pU establishments and other organizations.
K< vKSSK JM::
gA 49)(9 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
2/ =I K?KA @ K?KA
vw L< QA }T>
2}uk J' "T> 2/ Without prejudice to other provisions of this
W^} U SY c^} Proclamation and other applicable laws, an
pS< "K< u^c< n u}sS< academic staff or a government employee,
U uSY] u?~ n u^ may be employed, with his consent and the
p` K=cT^ LM:: c< HM consent of his institution or organization, on
2[ vKv< SeA' a joint appointment basis if he has the
}sT SY] u? U required capability to do so. Where there is
` "T> W^} U scarcity of qualified experts in some fields,
SY W^} u^ KSp` institutions and organizations shall co-
S}vu` Kv<:: operate with one another for the joint
employment of an academic staff or a
government employee.
3/ p\ G<@' p\ T>qu >?'
S K?KA pT pV' 3/ Issues of importance to the joint appointee
2=< T>K< }v^ >? and the concerned employers such as status,
TLM SdcK< K}k]< duration of appointment, remuneration and
KW] d J< < other benefits, the tasks to be achieved and
T>SK}< @ uT>< w the apportionment of working time shall be
Y` SW[ ueUU cK<:: negotiated and agreed by the parties within
the framework of rules and procedures
enacted by the concerned senate.
4/ =I k @ Se
}sU "T> W^} U K?L
Se c^} uM }sU ^ 4/ The provisions of this Article shall not be
}k] J Sk` Sw 2c< construed to entitle an academic staff of a
}`< K=c K<U:: public institution or a government employee
to be jointly appointed in a private institution.
5/ =I k <e k (3) @
2}uk J' T>>e\ }sT 5/ Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
^d< `` SS] Y article (3) of this Article, the Ministry shall,
Y` w 2=< T>[ within a year from the effective date of this
SS] I }T> SJ Proclamation, issue a standard guideline to
T>Uù k e u S assist institutions develop their own rules and
>? <e M:: procedures.
"5. e}` > c W^}

"5.
35. Administrative and Technical Support Staff
1/ SY }sT >
c W^} u=I k "6 1/ Administrative and technical support staff of
<c k (3) 2 k #4 <e public institutions shall be governed by
k (1) }^ M (u) SW[ policies and directives issued by the Board of
x` uT>< K=c= SS] the institution in accordance with sub-article
SW[ }^K<:: (3) of Article 36 and sub-article (1)(j) of
Article 44 of this Proclamation.
2/ "T> vKS< MJ< uTe}T]
JeKA }k\ > W^} 2/ Non-academic professionals and the
T>}\ u=I k <e k (1) technical staff employed in teaching hospitals
SW[ uT>< K=c= SS]- shall also be governed by policies and
JM& JU S <
uSe Qw ? un ` directives issued under sub-article (1) of this
K}Sdd vKS< }T> uT>J< Article; provided however, that their
SW[ JM:: remuneration system shall be consistent with
standards applicable to the public health
sector.
gA 5 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ SY }sT e}` 3/ Public institutions shall ensure that their

> c W^}< }L-> administrative and technical support staff
< wn [ L< SJ< meet the required level of competence and
l^< l` MuK that they are not in excess of the optimum
SJ< T[ `vM:: number.
4/ SY u c=Sw SY 4/ The government shall ensure that its
}sT }L>< e} > budgetary appropriations to public
c W^} l` w
institutions are made to meet only the
2=^< T>eL< S
SSu< [M:: optimum number of administrative and
technical support staff.
5/ TK< Se }sT `
uSJ T>eM< > 5/ The Centre together with the public
e}` c W^} institutions shall, within one year from the
K l` KSc T>[ U@ effective date of this Proclamation, establish
Se` I }T> SJ standard ratios that shall be applicable in
S[u k Ua u S >? determining the optimum number of
<e M:: administrative and technical support staff of a
public institution.
6/ Every public institution shall ensure slim
6/ =I k <e k (3) 2 (4)
@ }T> 2= T- organization and frugal employment of
 c W^} p` this Article.
U 2=[< T[
Ku::
7/ Public institutions shall adjust their staff
7/ Se }sT u=I k <e
ratios within one year from the effective date
k (5) }SK}< U@
of the standard ratios to be established
Se` u k Ua u
S >? <e c W^} pursuant to sub-article (5) of this Article.
< U@ Te}"M Kv<::
"6. c W^} Sw
"6. 36. Rights and Responsibilities of Support Staff
1/ Se }sT c W^}- 1/ Support staff of public institutions shall be

vw vK< c=y=M c`y=e Q entitled to good governance in accordance
S`J SW[ SM"U e}` with the applicable principles provided for by
T Sw ^M:: civil service law.
2/ TSK~ < procedures on all matters of importance to its
eSM e}` w SS] support staff and have them validated
T< }v^ T[ u? Svv adoption.
2=` T[ Ku::
3/ Based on the principles of the applicable
3/ SY }sU x` vw vK< civil service law, the Board of a public
c=y=M c`y=e Q S`J L institution may issue detail rules regulating
uSSe[ }sS< pU uTw the administration of the institution's support
c W^} c}` staff.
`` SS] T< LM::
4/ Any support staff of an institution shall have
4/ T<U }sU c W^} the responsibility to respect applicable laws
vw LL< Q }sS<
and institutional directives as well as
SS] S u}vÙ -
} UI` LT }sS< conform in his practice to the objectives of
S] 2c? Tu` Ku:: higher education and the guiding values of
the institution as applicable.
<e M Ze SECTION THREE

eK}sT }T] STUDENTS OF INSTITUTIONS
"7. }T] Sw
"7. Sw 37. Rights of Students
1/ =I K?KA @ vw- 1/ Without prejudice to other provisions of this

L< K?KA QA 2}l Proclamation and other applicable laws,
J< T}K< Sw bM- to:
G) uST` uUÙ` u 2< a) free inquiry of truth and freedom of
SK Ndw u expression of ideas and thoughts in the
SK&
process of learning and conducting
research;
K) uST] M' u}sU u= b) enjoy the freedom to learn with appropriate
uQu[}cw <e vnL opportunities and conditions in classrooms,
KST` S G<@ T campuses and in the larger community;
SkU&
N) u}sU u= <e Q-Se c) protection of their constitutional human
cw Sw< I< rights, personal safety, and security of
}wq S` M w[ their personal property on campus;
< I Teup&
S) u}sU < L uQ cL d) be free to express orderly their views on
T vw sT< u issues of institutional policy;
T^ S&
W) T SJ KST` in all respects of the teacher-student
T>dd SM"U }sT vw relationship and to an environment
T& conducive to stimulate learning;
c) eK "T> wn< u=I g) be evaluated solely on academic basis
u}< S`J u}- consistent with norms provided for by
sS< T> SS Sc[
this Proclamation and the institution's
SS& =H U c=U
p_ u}sS< e` Sc[ academic standards, and receive redress
ucLT Q S Tp[w against capricious evaluation;
I T&
) M vK< e` SW[ u h) participate in a transparent system of
T> c^} e^ U performance evaluation of academic
u"T> a^V U staff and academic programmes;
UT L Sd}&
)uM UI` TQ` usT> i) enjoy the benefits of a carefully
T>kS< S[ uUe=` eK- considered policy of confidentiality
T>ulu KK?L eKT>K- regarding the information that should be
e T>e}-
part of their permanent educational
TU e` }nT> SJ&
record and as to the conditions of its
disclosure;
) }T]< ^ pV uQ
S 2=ul KTeM vw- j) join the institution's student union, which
vL< QA u}ssS }s- shall be founded on the principle of
S< }T] uvM uT>p universality of membership in
}sS< }T] TQu` vM accordance with the pertinent laws so as
SJ& to promote and protect lawfully their
common interests;
)u}s w e` SW[
uTQu^< T" u}sS< k) obtain access to facilities of the
SM SkU& institution through their union in
accordance with the rules and procedures
) % }sU of the institution;
x` uT>< SS]
SW[ uTQuê}\ "L ewcv institution's governing bodies in
L Sd}& accordance with this Proclamation and
%) T>eLD< 2}- directives issued by the Board;
ul J< uTQu^< S^` m) use, under the leadership and guidance of the
e` ?' e} `2c k- student union and with the attendant
Ua Hdw u KTg^g` responsibilities, communications media on
u}sU <e S T>= campus to provide a forum for the free
SkU& exchange of ideas and to present news,
opinion and editorial comments;
0) u=I Sc[ S^ n) benefit from the cost-sharing system and

e` }nT> SJ U` receive guidance and counseling services
MKA T:: in accordance with this Proclamation.
2/ TJ Sp[ S}u`
under this Article. The rules and procedures shall
Ku& u=I be developed in accordance with this Proclamation
SW[ }k[ "T> TQu[ and on the basis of consensus built through the
cu< vd} H> Svv }[cu participation of the academic community.
SJ ùM::
38. Responsibilities of Students
"8. }sU }T]
"8.
1/ =I K?KA @ v- Proclamation and other applicable laws, any
w L< K?KA QA }T> student of an institution shall have the
2}uk J T}K<
\uM-
G) uM S UI`~ a) attend classes properly and respect the
uT>v S}M& T c^} ST` Te}T` staff in the leadership and management
H>~ SU^ Sq` of the teaching-learning process;
YM Tu`&
K) u}Su UI` }kS< b) maintain standards of academic
wn SS TTEL& performance established for each course
in which he is enrolled;
N) } UI` LT }- c) know and uphold the objectives of
sS< S] 2c? Tp
higher education and the guiding values
T^S&
of the institution;
S) uM <eU J u}sS< u=
<e uQ }uk< K?KA d) respect, in classroom or anywhere in the
c Sw Tu`& premises of the institution, the rights of
other persons protected by law;
W) vw L< =I e) observe scrupulously the applicable

@ 2=G K?KA W^} f) interact with academic and other staff
2=G[< < Q- with due respect to their constitutional
SY Sw< T- rights;
u`
c) T 2 g) refrain from any unlawful act and from
Tlu >? interests, be it individual or collective, are at
uWLT Q S p_ stake, and exhaust all institutional avenues of
uTcT SN? Sh& redress;
i) use and handle the properties of the
k) }sS< w[ uno S institution with due care and be held
SkU& J }wKA U accountable for any damage caused to the
uM} U u}sS< property of the institution due to intentional
w[ L KT>è < }m or negligent misuse or destruction;
SJ&
j) effect payment of fees applicable in
) u=I @ SW[ accordance with the provisions of this
}sS< KT>c< MKA Proclamation for services that has been
SM T>v< provided by the institution.
SU
2/ Every institution shall have the duty to adopt
2/ TeM }u= Y` procedures.
T< Ku::
39. Admissions of Students

"9. }T] puL
"9.
1/ Admissions to undergraduate programmes of any

1/ uTK< }T] preparatory programme and obtaining the
Sc UI` kl >y- necessary pass marks in the university entrance
è+ Su= } K SJ - examination. Admissions may also be granted to
`vM& u< ` G<K} [ students completed their secondary school in
UI` k< uT>>e\ foreign countries on the basis of equivalent
U }c< }T]U SS academic achievements that shall be determined
w K< K=< LK<:: by the Ministry.
2/ >yè+ Su= }< T>e} 2/ The Ministry shall administer the university
[< puL Se`~ T>e< entrance examination and decide on
T>>e\ JM:: eligibility for admissions to any institution.
3/ =I % K?KA - 3/ Without prejudice to other provisions of this
@ vw L< K?KA QA Article, other provisions of this Proclamation
2}ul J<' T}K< }T] kuLM- shall, with respect to student admissions,
have the rights and responsibilities to admit:
G) upS U[n a^S< Sc a) for undergraduate studies, graduates of

UI` k< >yè+ preparatory schools who pass the
Su= } K u< ` university entrance examination and
G<K} [ UI` k< graduates of foreign country secondary
uT>>e\ U }c- school systems with equivalent level as
<& determined by the Ministry;
K) KG<K} =] UI` pS- b) for second degree-level graduate studies,

U[n UI`< kl candidates who have completed their
}sS< ekS< Su= p- undergraduate studies with the academic
S-U[n <? L<& results required by the institution; or, for
U Kfe} =] uG<K} doctoral programmes, candidates who have
=] }S[l }sS< ekS second-level degrees and the academic
< Su= "T> <? results required by the institution;
L<'
c) technical and vocational education and
) wn SW[ ` T>>e\ training graduates with pertinent
uT>< SS] SW[ qualifications and who satisfy entrance
}sS< T>< Su= qualifications assessment set by the
} K > S< institution, with the right to participate in the
TcM }sT U\n:: assessment being limited to those who
qualify on the basis of merit-based directives
to be issued by the Ministry.
4/ =I k <e k (1) 2 4/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-
(3) }^ M (G) @ articles (1) and (3)(a) of this Article there
u=\U M T eKT>v<
? 2 puL - ~`T>>ea
shall be special admissions procedures for
U` u? uT>< w T>c J disadvantaged citizens to be determined by
T>>e\ regulation of the Council of Ministers and to
SS] Sc[ }T> [M:: be implemented by directive of the Ministry
issued hereunder.
5) u}sS< 5/ A public institution may admit adults under
SssT> Q SW[ u M special admissions procedures to be issued
puL Y` }sS< @ uT> pursuant to the establishment regulations of
e< vw SW[ pS< L< the institution and as the institution's senate
MTf l { 0 may determine; and the Ministry may extend
? l the applicability of this provision to private
IJ institutions as circumstances may permit.
l
6) The Ministry shall consult the public

6/ }TK }T] Uv 2ekK institutions concerning student placement so
[e T>>e\ }T] T>Su< long as the current centralized placement of
SY }sT uTT` J- students in public institutions shall continue.
M& SY }sT ^d< As and when direct selection of students for
uk }T] KSkuM T>- admission by public institutions becomes
K? c=è }v^ S[>e\ Su= }- itself to administering the entrance exam,
< uTe}`' TK w% deciding on pass marks and eligibility for
0; uSc' eK M admission, including entitlement to
}nT> SS] uT<- affirmative action, monitoring the admission
l 2 process and ensuring compliance by
puL< U uS- }M institutions to its directives.
uTe}"M L }u JM::
#. eK "M <}
<} }T] 40. Physically Challenged Students
1/ }sT MKA Se <a- 1/ Institutions shall make, to the extent possible,

< a^V< "M <} their facilities and programmes amenable to
}T] K=kS<v< T>K< use with relative ease by physically
J< 2= T>L< G<K< challenged students.
T[ `vM::
2/ Institutions shall, to the extent that situations
2/ G<@ pU uk S }sT K"M and resources permit, relocate classes,
<} }T]< pU c=K< KA- develop alternative testing procedures, and
< nkU Sw SK'
T^ } Y` Ske provide different educational auxiliary aids in
UI` H>~ T>S ? the interest of students with physical
SkU `vM:: challenges.
3/ }sV Q =' u=< 3/ Building designs, campus physical landscape,
}b kTS' U<}a< computers and other infrastructures of
K?KA SM <a< "M
<} }T] LA U <e institutions shall take into account the
eu< SJ `vM:: interests of physically challenged students.
4/ eL> c=J pU uk S 4/ Institutions shall ensure that students with
}sT K"M <} }T]< physical challenges get to the extent
~]M' } >? SÛ necessary and feasible academic assistance,
Te[u= >? SÛ Ua including tutorial sessions, exam time
M "T> ` K=`<L< extensions and deadline extensions.
vM::
41. Quality of Teaching-Learning and Assessment
#1. ST`-
#1. ST`-Te}T` ^ }T] U of Students
1/ uT[< 1/ The teaching and learning process in any
ST` Te}T` H> UI`~ institution shall be, whatever the methods of
c uÛ SJ ùM::
2/ The teaching and learning conditions in any
2/ uT[< institution shall, as far as practicable, create
ST` Te}T` IJ u}K S in-class and on-campus enabling
uM <eU J u}sS< u= environment and encouraging atmosphere for
<e }T] KST` T>- students to learn.
SM"U vw K< SJ
ùM:: 3/ The designing of courses and their delivery
shall be such that the courses shall add to the
3/ UI`~ k^[ c }T] knowledge and skills students already have,
<k KA T>uK' cultivate constructive professional values,
SM"U 2c? T>ep u}T- and bring about attitudinal changes and
] SK" L < K< development in students at the end of the
2 T>S SJ ùM:: courses.
4/ }T] T>S< uS~ v 4/ Students shall be assessed properly and
w vK< e` u}T\ L
fairly on the basis of their learning
}SY` SJ ùM& U
<? c eÙ }[< experience; the marking system shall be
pU T>M JM:: reflective of the competences achieved by
students.
5/ u}sU [ Wû 2 2 examination methods and systems at
"T> W^} K=w[<< T>v academic unit levels to which any academic
}T]U ekS< T><l staff shall adhere, and have been made
}T] U } e` known to students.
^M::
6/ There shall be adequate structures, at the

6/ u}T] U U <? [
c [ S^` T>c< u}u= necessary levels of the pertinent academic
UI` KA [ wl "L units, which shall constitute leading
2=\ KT[ T>eM [ authorities at any of the levels on student
^M:: assessments, examinations and grading of
results.
7/ U U <? eSM}< 7/ Student complaints against assessment
}T] T>k`vD< p_ methods, examinations, grading systems or
u}sU u"T> KA [ results thereof shall be handled, at
}u=< <[ }W< uno institutional level, with due care and
u S `vM:: expeditiously.
8/ Academic staff shall receive on-job and

8/ "T> W^} u}T] U
<? c Y^ L S< - tailor-made professional training on student
-Hdw KA YM c- assessment theories and skills; and mastery
M& Te}T` wn U and successful application of assessment
KA pq Tp u"T> skills as well as teaching shall constitute
c^} KSkM KT critical prerequisites for continuity of
] 2 d pS G<@ employment and promotions.
cK<::
9/ u}T] u<M U dpc< K?L 9/ Plagiarism and cheating by students in
c< Y^ Ndw 2 ê Y^ Ndw assignments and examinations and nepotism
}pV u? U UÙ` Y^
SYÛ J u} L Tuù` or vengeance by academic staff in
u"T> W^} u<M V u} administration of examinations, correction of
c}`' uu? Y^ u} examinations and assignments, and in
2`T 2=GK< =eK=
}`< cK<:: 10/ Rules and procedures governing teaching
0/ Te}T` ' }T] U' methods and assessment, grading and
U <? [ c T>- academic status of students shall be provided
SK~ Y-Y` u}sS< @ in the senate statutes of each institution and
w <e S"} uUI` shall be further elaborated in guidelines
KA SS] }w^`}< S- issued by the appropriate academic units.
K `vM::
PART THREE
M fe PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
Se }sT
SECTION ONE
<e M GOVERNANCE AND INTERNAL STRUCTURES
[
e}` <e [
[
#2. Se }sT [
#2. 42. Organization of Public Institutions
1/ =I K?KA @
2}ul J< T KA' b) academic units;
N) 2vu< ST] JeM c) governing body of teaching hospital, as

S^`' may be relevant;
N) e}` > c d) administrative and technical support units;
KA'
S) u=a }v^~ u}u=< e) office and other facilities necessary for

G<@ KT T>eK< undertaking properly its activities.
K?KA SM'
\M::
2/ The establishment of academic units in
2/ u=I SW[ "T> KA- accordance with this Proclamation shall be
KSSe[ c=c UI` determined on the basis of relevance and
UÙ` vw ^' ww` quality of education and research as well as
cL> <?T Gw n- on cooperative, efficient and effective use of
kU "D 2 SJ ùM::
resources.
3/ u=I k <e k (2) SW[ 3/ Any academic unit of an institution
}ssS UI` M u_=~ established pursuant to sub-article (2) of this
} ue}` "<eM' u-
Article shall have a system of governance
>yè+ " "L L- university council and the senate, and
< 2=G<U S^` e- approved by the Board. Such system shall
}` Y-Y` "}} JM:: consist of governing and managing bodies,
their responsibilities, and rules and
procedures of leadership and management.
4/ =I K?KA @ u=\U'
4/ Notwithstanding other provisions of this
T>e\ Tek
Proclamation, a public institution may
2}uk J uKU k SM"U reorganize itself, in part or in full, differently
MU L }SY` }M2< KTd" in accordance with international good
T>eM }hK <?T Y^ KSe^ practice, with the sole purpose of more
w uTcw [~ S<K< uS<K>e\ uK?L "D%E 2=U SS-
] "Mc ue}k`' T<U }sU 5/ Except as may be directed otherwise by the
u=I k <e k (4) SW[ Ministry, in the event any public institution
2^c< 2 KT^ finds it necessary to reorganize itself as
provided in sub-article (4) of this Article, the
. ] }sS< _= ue-
president shall submit to the Board an
}` "<eM' u>y`+ "<eM'
exhaustive proposal discussed by the
u@ u}sS< SUI^ }T managing council, the university council, the
] TQu^ } TEL senate, and by unions of students and
<d@ Hdw :: teachers of the institution.
43. Governing and Advisory Bodies
#3. S^` T"] "L
#3.
1/ Governing and advisory bodies of a public

1/ T~ T>}K< S^`
T"] "L \M- a) board;
G) x`& b) president;
K) _=& c) senate;
N) @& d) managing council;
S) e}` "<eM& e) university council;
W) >y`+ "<eM& f) academic unit council;
[) UI` M "<eM&
c) UI` M e}`> g) academic unit managing council;

"<eM&
h) department assembly;
g) =`S <v?&
i) advisory or specialized committees or
k) ux` U uc?@~ U u> councils that may be established by the
y`+ "<eK< T>ssS< eL>
l` L< T"] U
board, senate or university council.
M T> U "<eKA::
2/ =I k <e k (1) @ 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article (1)
u=Ù SY }sU S^` of this Article, the structures and nomenclature of
T"] "L [ eT@ governing and advisory bodies of a public
u=I k #2 <e k institution may be modified by its board upon
(3)' (4) 2 (5) SW[ _=~ advice by the president in accordance with sub-
uT>c< U` L }SY` x` articles (3), (4), and (5) of Article 42 of this
K=K<< LM:: Proclamation.
3/ u=I k <e k (1) }^ 3/ The composition, constitution, responsibilities,

M ([) 2c (g) }SK~ and decision-making process of governing bodies
of academic units under paragraphs (f) to (h) of
UI` KA S^` "L
sub-article (1) of this Article shall be determined
' Sc^[' HL <d@
in accordance with Article 42(3) of this
c e` u=I k #2 Proclamation.
(3) Sc[ cM::
44. Responsibilities of the Board
#4. x` L
#4. L
1/ The board of a public institution shall be the
1/ S} sU x` }sS< supreme governing body of the institution
uL S^` J T>}K< L and it shall have the responsibilities to:
[M-
a) supervise and ensure that the institution
G) }sS< =I @ implements the provisions of this
S}u\ u}sS< <e SM Proclamation and that good governance
"U e}` Se< S}M prevails in the institution;
T[&
b) without prejudice to other provisions of this
K) =I K?KA @ Proclamation, examine, approve and follow
2}ul J< }sS< 2p' up the implementation of proposals of
u' <[ p' [- institutional reorganization, organizational
' e}` c^` `' plans, policies, administration and academic
<e w "T> a- programmes and internal regulations of the
^V uT>SK T>kù<K institution;
Hdx SÙa Tp }v^-
< S}M& c) issue directives, upon the advice of the
president, regarding qualification
N) u_=~ uT>k`w Hdw L uSS- requirements and procedures of
Y[ UM _= K?KA nomination and appointment procedures
"T> HL 2=Gu'
T>jS<- u U T>SuS[<- u Y` MKA members of the senate; and monitor the
S< T>SK~ SS] propriety of implementation of the same;
T< 2 uM S}u^>e\ U KMK<
presidents on the basis of nominations
"M Tp[w 2 _=~ uT>k
made by the president;
ù< SW[ UM _=-
SjU&
W) vw L< QA }T> e) take, without prejudice to the

2}uk J T<U UM applicability of other relevant laws, any
_= L~ uS [ disciplinary action, including removal
} J S "d HL from office, against any vice president in
Tcu Ua =c=K= 2Ù the event of serious failure to discharge
S<e& _=~ T>SK his responsibility; in the case of the
c=J V T>>e\ uTT`
2Ù 2=c T[& president, consult with the Ministry for
measures to be taken;
f) appoint auditors of the institution and
[) }sS< *=}a SjU determine their remunerations;
< Sc&
g) review and submit strategic plans, annual
c) }sS< e^= 2p' S
plans and budgets of the institution and
2p u Tp[w c=-
lU }T>< S}M& supervise their implementation up on
}sS< < ]` approval; approve and submit
e SK Tp Tp[w& performance reports and financial
statements of the institution;
g) }sS< np
u= K H>dw Sw h) monitor and ensure that the institution
S< uu~ SW[ keeps proper books of accounts of all its
SJ< S}M T[& mainstream and sundry incomes and that
all expenditures are as budgeted;
k) }sS< K?KA S^` "L v
Q Se }v` uT>S? i) take remedial measures within its own
U v J w w cKS competence and report promptly to the
c~ `_ "K U u` }e Ministry in the event of serious breaches of
J u^c>e\ ]` Tp[w&
financial loss is suspected or has actually
happened;
u) u^M Se c^} j) cause, as necessary, the formulation of and
x SW[ S`J L approve policies regarding employment,
uSSY[ e}` > promotion, discipline, salary, allowances, and
c c^} p`' 2' other benefits for the administrative and
=c=K=' V 2 K?KA technical support staff of the public
pTpV T>SK K=c= institution on the basis of the basic principles
2eL>~ 2= T[ of the federal civil service laws;
Tp&
k) request and obtain information on
}) }sS< uT>SK~ < L
S[ Sp T 2 matters concerning the institution and
KT>>e\ T>eM JU report the same if particularly important
]` T[& to the Ministry;
) eL> J c= u}sS< TssT> l) submit proposal as may be necessary to the
Q L Thh Hdw KT>>e\ Ministry for the amendment of the law
Tp[w& K} UI` establishing the public institution as well as
uT>pS< Te}<K< for institution governance particularly as
U T><k< uSd KT>>e\ perceived from its position as board of an
U` Se& institution;
%) uSe }sS< <d@ L m) examine and give final decision on
p_ c=k`w SS`S` grievances against decision by the public
S[h <d@ Se& institution;
) =I <e k }^ M (%) n) monitor, without prejudice to the provisions
@ 2}uk J }sS< of paragraph (m) of this sub-article, that the
p_ u} S }k- institution has an adequate institutional
wKA T>u }TEL }sT system to expeditiously receive and redress
Y` K< SJ< T[& grievances;
]) }sS<' }sS< "T> o) conduct, on the basis of the president's

KA' S] e}` "L
~ e^ U u_=~ report, performance evaluations of the
]` Sc[ 2p "D institution, of its constituents, and of its
SUU& leaders and governing bodies against
plans;
) @ <d@ T><
"T> Q ST< p) monitor the implementation of senate
S}M& legislations and decisions;
) u_=~ U u@ }LK q) rescind decisions made by the president
<d@ }sS< }M2 T> or the senate when the decisions
U Se K=c=' I compromise institutional mission or
U Q-Se~ contravene government policy, this
T>n[< J< c=< <d@ Proclamation, or the Constitution;
Sh`&
r) issue its own rules of procedure and
) ^c< c^` YY` <e internal regulations, as well as rules of
e}` w vL~ T>SK
=c=K= w T<&
discipline applicable to its members;
) ac` T[ Tp& s) approve promotions to the rank of

professorship;
) _=~ uT>k`w U` L }S-
Y` }sS< KUI` T>e t) determine upon advice by the president the
L< }K type and amount of different payments
S 2 T>>ea U` u? relating to education charged by the public
uc< SW[ }sS< u= U institution and, on the basis of decisions by
<e uTev }K } the Council of Ministers, decide on payable
uKA' ` e allowances, overload rates and other similar
SdcK< Sc& sundry rates.
) '~@e}` "<eK< >y u) oversee the proper constitution and
`+ "<eK< uM S^ functioning of the senate, university council,
SY^ S}M& eL>~ and the managing council; and establish, as it
c=Uu u~ U` L may consider necessary and upon the advice
uSSY[ }]~ K_=~ of the president, any particular advisory
U K>y`+ "<eK< J< M council accountable to the president or to the
T"] "L TssU& university council;
) u=I K?KA @ v) carry out such other responsibilities as
u}sS< TssT> Q }c< provided for by other provisions of this
K?L L S I Proclamation and by the establishing law
Tu` }sS>e\ 2/ The board shall be accountable to the
U K}u=< MM Se "M Ministry or, in case of an institution under a
JM:: state, to the appropriate organ of the state
government.
3/ ^M Se }sU x` cwdu=
uT>>e\ T>jU J x` 3/ The board's chairperson of a federal public
}c< HL uM S~ institution shall be appointed by the Minister;
T[ L Ku:: and shall have the responsibility to ensure
that the board discharges effectively its
responsibilities.
4/ ^M Se }sU x` vL
pT pV uT>>e\ T>c< 4/ Benefits due to the members of board of a
u}sS< T>g< J }sS< pU federal public institution shall be determined
U <e eu< JK<:: by the Ministry, with due regard to the ability
of the institution, and covered by the
institution.
#5. eKx` vL UM
#5. UM}
M} <v? 45. Composition and Quorum of the Board
1/ x` cwdu=< Ua pU 1/ The board shall be composed of seven voting
Sc[ [ c? }d Ku members, including the chairperson; and selection
cv U Se T>K< vL of members shall give due regard to merit-based
\M:: gender balance.
2/ T>>e\ x` cudu= u}T] 2/ The Minister shall select and appoint the
fc U Se T>K< x` board chairperson and three additional voting
vL S` jTM:: members to the board.
3/ _=~ e}` "<eK< c?@~ 3/ The president, in consultation with the university
` uSS"` K?KA fe 2 council and the senate, shall nominate three other
uT>>e\ 2=jS< k`vM:: voting members of the board and submit their list
for appointment to the Minister.
4/ }sS< _= U Tc
x` vM H JM:: 4/ The president of the institution shall be a non-
voting member and secretary of the board.
5/ u=I k <e k (2) 2 (3)
SW[ T>jS< x` vL 5/ The members to be nominated pursuant to
uL x L K< U sub-article (2) and (3) of this Article shall be
KK< u}K uTe}T` U past or present holders of responsible
uUÙ` uM ;%< l positions and notable personalities especially
Kcx' U 2<k<' in teaching or research and in integrity, or be
MU< <a< K} representatives of the customers of the
UI` LT unL products and services of the institution and
K}sS< }M2 Sd" u}K whose exceptional knowledge, experience
e}* KTu` T>eL< and commitment are such as to enable them
}sS< U` MKA to contribute to the attainment of the mission
}nT> }" SJ of the institution and the objectives of higher
`vM:: education generally.
6/ x` u^c< <d@ Tc< x` vL
7/ The board shall have a quorum when five of the
c=< UM} <v? JM:: JU voting members attend; provided however, that in
Ue x` vL Sd} the event that it proves difficult for five members
TK<u e] G<@ }[ to attend under certain circumstances, the board
x` u^ vL UM} <v? shall conduct its sessions with a quorum of four
ewcv "H@M:: x` I voting members. The board shall specify in its
G<@ u}SK} uc^` Y-Y` rules of procedures the circumstances under which
u< L uM M:: this provision may apply.
8/ x` cwdu= >? u}q[K ewcv 8/ In the event the chairperson may not attend a
L Sd} TM J uewcv< scheduled session, the attending members
L }< vL ewcv T>S^ shall choose a chairperson from among the
cwdu= S"L< uSU[ ewc attending members for that particular session
v< TK<::
and execute the session's agenda.
9/ x` u< L <d@ T>dM< 9/ The board shall resolve matters by simple
uwL U JM::
majority votes.
#6. eKx` Su
#6. Su ewcv
46. Regular Sessions of the Board
1/ x` uS Ze 2c ^ T>J<
Su ewcv `M& x` 1/ The board shall conduct three to four regular
vnL HL~ KS 2=M sessions in a year. The sessions shall be
u}K 2p u 2=G<U spread in such a manner as to enable it to
U L e}* KT[ 2=M give strategic leadership and influence
Su ewcv S uJ< p preparations of plans and budgets as well as
2="H@ `M::
plan implementation by the institution.
2/ =I k <e k (1) 2}- 2/ Without prejudice to sub-article (1) of this

uk J x` ucwdu=< ] U Article, the board may hold extra-ordinary
U Se Sw "L< vL~ sessions at the request of its chairperson or
fe}< uT>lu >? one-third of its voting members.
e"D ewcv T[ LM::
3/ The president may cause through the
3/ _=~ x` cwdu= eUU uT-
chairperson extraordinary sessions to be held
] e"D ewcv 2=^ T[
LM& G<K< SW[ documentation is kept in order, and the
<d@ uM KT>SK< S}LK results are effectively communicated as
< T[ ùM:: directed by the board.
47. Termination of Board Membership
#7. x` vM Ss[
#7.
Membership of the board may be terminated by:
x` vM uT>}K>e\ u SW- determined in the directive to be issued by
[ MKA S c=un&
the Ministry;
2/ resignation;
2/ un vM uSMkp&
3/ illness, death or conviction of serious

3/ uV' uQSU U uv M
} J uS& criminal offence;
4/ uv ' uKA T U 4/ severe misconduct, incompetence, or serious

ewcv L KS v J failure or inability to attend board sessions;
S uTd U vKSM&
5/ T>>e\ x` S<K< uS<K< KSk` 5/ decision by the Ministry to reform the board
U uM KSK <d@ L in whole or in part.
c=è::
#8. eKx`
#8. eKx` Y^ U UT 48. Performance Self-Evaluation of the Board
1/ x` S^\ uk KThhM 1/ The board shall conduct its own performance
T>[ UI` KT ^c<
evaluation with the purpose of drawing
Y^ U UT T[
ùM:: lessons to improve continuously its
leadership.
2/ x` U UT _=~
}d uT>ù U Se 2/ Performance evaluation of the board shall be
Sw vL< vL u ewcv conducted in a closed meeting of the voting
"H@M:: members, with the president of the institution
attending and contributing to the evaluations.
3/ x` cwdu= UT< <?
up~ KT>>e\ ]` `M& 3/ The board chairperson shall submit regularly
x` cwdu= UI` T>>e` the results of the evaluation to the Ministry.
Su ^ S[U uS G<K >? The Ministry and board chairpersons shall
^M::
also hold biannual joint forums.
4/ x` UT< S 2 2- 4/ The board shall determine when and how to
T>"H> eM& JU uS conduct its performance evaluations; provided
u=e M UT however, that it shall have annually at least one
TnK UT T[ monitoring evaluation and one summative
ùM:: evaluation.
#9. eK@
#9. eK 49. The Senate
x` HL 2}uk J' @ The senate, being the leading body of the institution for
"T> < uT>SK S] "M academic matters and without prejudice to the
uSJ T>}K< HL [M- responsibilities of the board, shall have the
responsibilities to:
1/ }sS< UI` S Sc 1/ determine the academic calendar of the

institution;
2/ }sS< "T> a^V e`} 2/ accredit academic programmes and their

UI`< Sc& UI` - curricula and supervise academic units to
KA T>c< UI` 2 T>"n- ensure the relevance and quality of education
UÙ` ^ vw KT[ and research;
2=K< SU^ p Te
3/ legislate and ensure proper implementation of
3/ u=I SW[ UI` U`- the institution's statutes related to all
U` a^V uT>SK "- academic and research matters in accordance
T> TQu[cu< T>}ù w with this Proclamation;
T< eK Su\U S}M
4/ determine conditions on which degrees are
4/ =] T>cu U T>c[ awarded or revoked;
u G<@ Sc
5/ determine an institution-wide framework for
5/ }sU k UI` vw quality enhancement and student assessment;
^ TMu }T] U
e` T<
6/ advise the president, upon request, on
6/ u"T> HL eKT>g<S< o appointments of academic office holders;
c=k`wK K_=~ U` Se
7/ recommend to the board promotions of

7/ ac` T[ }u= J c=- academic staff to the rank of professor and
< Kx` Tp[w u}vv] promote to the rank of associate professor;
ac` L S[h< <d@
Se
8/ uUI` KA uT>k`w uac` 8/ approve nominations by academic units for
[ T>U =e p` o L employment of academic staff with the rank
Sc of professor;
9/ @ T> w' vM' 9/ decide on the type, number, membership, and
HL c^` Sc responsibilities of its specialized committees;
0/ u_~ uT>kù< <d@ Hdw 10/ award honorary degrees and other academic
SW[ u}sS< 2v M e}* LeSu< c achievements meriting recognition by the
w` =] U K?KA iMT institution, upon request by the president;
Se
11/ examine and approve recommendations by
01/ u}sS< Y` eLK< UI` the president in respect of opening, closure or
KA S' S U merger of academic units under the public
SH u_~ uT>k`wK institution;
<d@ Hdw SW[ SÙa Tp
12/ perform other responsibilities which may be

02/ u}sS< TssT> Q T>c< K?L given to it in the establishing law of the
HL U u_=~ T>S^- institution or may be referred to it by the
K < T:: president.
$. @ vL 50. Members of the Senate

1/ @ vM G<@' MKA 1/ Membership and the number of members of the
S 2 vL l` u}sS< senate and their terms of office shall be
TssT> Q cM:: determined by the establishing law of the public
institution.
2/ u=I k <e k (1) }< 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article (1)

u=Ù ~@vL u=e wL< of this Article, at least the majority of the
u_~ T>S[< J< KHL~ members of the senate shall be meritorious and
T>S< u}sS< <e u}] [U senior members of the academic staff appointed
MKA L< "T> W^} by the president.
JK<::
3/ _~ }sS< "T> TQu[- 3/ The president shall chair the senate and
cw u}u= G<@ u< ~@e S- ensure that the institution's academic
K< [M& ~@ewcv community is appropriately represented in its
ucwdu= S^M:: membership.
4/ KU <?T c=vM u~@ 4/ The Board of a public institution may, upon
vM vL w 2=G J c= membership and terms of office, as necessary and
u_=~ U` Sc[ x` Thh consistent with good practice, but solely to ensure
T[ LM:: that it shall be fit for purpose
51. Sessions of the Senate
$1. @ ewcv
1/ The senate shall determine its regular and
1/ @ vL~ =eK= Ua extraordinary sessions in its own rules of
^c< Su e"D ewcv procedure and internal regulations, which shall
uT> < <e w eM:: also include disciplinary rules of its members.
2/ =I k <e k (1) u=Ù 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article (1)
_~ c=p ~@k ewcv of this Article, the senate may hold continuous
K="H> LM:: sessions upon request by the president.
3/ ~@_=~ U x` c=p 3/ The senate may hold extraordinary sessions

U vL~ fe}< c=l upon the request of the president, the board
e"D ewcv K="H> LM:: or one-third of its members.
4/ _=~ @ ewcv uum G<@ 4/ The president shall ensure that senate sessions are
}[v< SJ<' uum G<@ well-facilitated and prepared for, properly
Sv< nK <v? Sun<' documented and the documentation kept in order,
u< L T>[< < G<KSK< uM S}LK< and implemented.
S}u^< [M::
5/ The senate shall have a quorum when more
5/ @vL Ti uL uewcv< than half of its members attend and shall
L }< UM} <v? JM& make decisions by simple majority votes, and
@ <d@ uwL U in case of a tie, the chairperson shall have a
}LKK<& U 2<M u2<M casting vote.
}KU cwdu=< d U
[M::
6/ The senate, consistent with its mandate, shall
6/ @uHL~ Sc[ UI` devote some of its sessions to evaluations of the
KA' T> 2 2 "M academic performance of the academic units, of its
^c< Y^ U STM& committees, and its own performance; and the
UT< <? u_=~ results of the evaluations shall be duly
T" Kx` k`vM:: communicated by the president to the board.
7/ ~@ uT < L< e^ KA resource persons it deems necessary to any of
U Kcx ue[= K=d its sessions.
LM::
$2. eKSY }sU _= UM

$2. 52. Appointment and Performance Evaluation of
_=
_= g<S e^ U UT President and Vice Presidents of a Public
Institution
1/ The president shall be appointed by the
1/ }sU _= u=I k Minister or by the head of the appropriate
#4 <e k (1) }^ M (S) state organ, as the case may be, from a short
SW[ x` a T>k`v< list of nominees provided by the board in
2 S"M 2vu< uT>>e\ accordance with sub-article (1)(d) of Article
U uT>SK}< MM "M 44 of this Proclamation.
jTM::
2/ The position of the president shall be publicly
2/ _= HL x ux` advertised by a body designated by the board.
uT>cU "M u K}]
KM::
3/ SY }sU UM _= 3/ The vice presidents of a public institution
u=I k #4 <e k (1) shall be appointed based on merit and
}^ M (N) 2 (S) SW[ u through competition by the board in
}] }w< }hK wn accordance with sub-article (1)(c) and (d) of
K< }S` ux` Article 44 of this Proclamation.
jTM::
4/ The candidate president and vice president of a
4/ SY }sU 2 _= public institution shall have, among others,
UM _= "T> S] 2 commendable academic leadership and managerial
e}` KA L< 2=G<U ability as well as demonstrable commitment to
K}sT K< 2 J< Q institutional change and development and to the
SY~ SY K=c= Constitution and government policies.
}kuK< SJ `vM::
5/ Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
5/ =I k e k (4) @ article (4) of this Article, further particulars
2}uk J <` U`
of requirements and procedures of
Y Y` `` SS] u}sS<
TssT> Q ux` M:: competition and selection shall be determined
by the law establishing the institution and by
the board.
6/ SY }sU _= Y^ 6/ The terms of office of the president of a
S ee S c=J UM public institution shall be six years and of the
_= ^ S JM& JU vice president four years; provided however,
=I K?KA @ that and without prejudice to other provisions
2}ul J< u}T> K=jS< of this Proclamation, they may be repeatedly
LK<:: reappointed.
7/ x` _=~ UM _=- 7/ The board shall make monitoring reviews on
Y^ U M the performance of the president and vice
UT uS G<K >? 2=Gd}u presence and with the participation of the
G<@ "H>M:: president and the vice presidents.
8/ T<U c< 1)' k uL 8/ No person shall hold the position of acting

}vvm _= U }vvm president or acting vice- president for a
UM _= J Sq period of more than 180 days.
KuU::
53. Responsibilities of the President of a Public
$3. Se }sU _= L
$3. L Institution
1/ x` L 2}uk J 1/ The president of a public institution shall be the
Se }sU _= }sS< chief executive officer of the institution and,
Y^ eT> uSJ T>}K< without prejudice to the responsibilities of the
HL \M- board, shall have the responsibilities to:
G) }sS< Y^ `h< }M- a) direct and administer the public

KTd" M }sS< institution with the aim of ensuring the
S^M' e}^M achievement of its mission;
K) }sS< "L TQu[cw - b) ensure that organs of the institution and
} UI` LT }s- its community uphold the objectives of
S< S] 2c? Tu^< higher education and guiding values of
[M the institution;
N) =I K?KA u}sS< L c) ensure that the provisions of this
}T> T>J< vw L< Proclamation and of other laws
QA @ Su^< applicable to the institution are
[M respected;
S) }sS< ]~ uUM< S
d) ensure that the institution prepares high
} ^ U wn
L< U\n T^~ quality graduates in as many numbers
[M and fields consistent with the needs of
the country;
W) ST` Te}T` UÙ`
T>u[ S }sT G<@ e) create and continuously build a
^M& uk vM conducive institutional environment
stimulating learning and research;
[) }sS< UÙ` TT`
}v^ G<K< pT> uT>c< f) ensure that the institution's research and
^ < L S[< consultancy activities focus on national
[M priorities;
c) }sS< }M2< KTd" KU g) ensure that the institution in the pursuit
k 2=G<U ^M MM of its mission is perpetually connected
}sT' vw "L< ?c=
2 =e] `
internationally as well as with federal
TQu^ ` uLm < and state institutions, relevant agencies
2=` `M and business and industry, and
associations;
g) }sS< G<M>?U H^ KU h) ensure that the institution always keeps
k 2 ` 2<M T>^S abreast national and international
uUI`' ueM' uUÙ`'
uTT` 2 uTQu[cw MKA developments and positions itself to
]~ L KT`" uT>eK< respond effectively to the country's
[ T> SJ< [M needs in education, training, research,
consultancy and community services;
k) }sS< uc< HK<' u[~ i) ensure that the institution has a capable
c^\ K}sS< }M T>S system of internal leadership and
wn K< <e S^` management in its human resource,
e}` Y` 2=[< organization and performance;
`M
u) "T> HL @ vL- j) design and implement, upon ultimate
cU g<S e` approval by the board, nomination and
uT ux` uTp u}- appointment systems of academic heads
v` L <LM and senate members;
}) uUI` UÙ` vw k) determine and implement, upon approval by
^' u}sT }m- the senate and the board, academic unit-and-
' uMKA c <?- department level governing bodies and
T u qu= S`J structures guided by the principles of
L uSSY[ UI` - relevance and quality of education and
KA [ K ~@Kx` research, autonomy, efficacy and efficiency
p`x eeM& c=kU u}- of service delivery;
v` L <LM
) p` HL x u<`
T>< SJ< HL l) ensure that employment and official
SdU ue^ U UT' positions are achieved through
u=eK= < 2 uMKA competition and that removal from office
S Twn w L }SY` is based on performance evaluation,
SJ< [M disciplinary matters and end of tenure of
office alone;
%) }sS< <[ p' w

m) ensure that policies, directives and
SS] 2 W^` Y` procedures of the institution are designed
vw vK< Se K=c=' in conformity with the provisions of this
=I @ vw Proclamation, pertinent laws and
vK< K?L Q Sc[ Sk[< government policies;
[M
) }sT [ SK= M&
}sS< "T> e}` n) develop and implement institutional
Y^ u< SK= SW[ standard measures and ensure that the
ST< [M academic and administrative operations
of the institution are on the basis of the
standards;
) }sS< u= uM o) ensure that the institution maintains a healthy
T>d H>dw Sw S- balance of income and expenditure and
< [M proper books of accounts of all incomes and
expenditures;
) x` @ e}` "<- p) ensure that board and senate sessions as

well as of those other leadership bodies
eM 2 >y`+ "c< q) resolve by peaceful and legal means all
KSvv }sS< }M intra-institutional disputes and disputes
pV Td" "D ucLT with third parties, in pursuit of the
Q S 2=~ `M institution's mission and best interests;
) }sS< 2penc? SW[ r) ensure that all fundamental operations and
< u}u=< S[ e` substantive transactions of the institution are
SSv<' S[< vu< appropriately documented in text and data
Sul vw LL<U form as appropriate and that the information
is, without prejudice to institutional interests,
}î SJ< [M
appropriately and readily accessible to end-
users;
) }sS< 2p u M& s) prepare institutional plans and budget,
c=lU eTM and ensure their implementation upon
approval;
) x`' }sS< TQu[cw' t) inform periodically the board,

Se Qw eK}sS< G<@ government and the public about the
p~ uk S[ 2=< state of the institution;
`M
) u}sS< U[ u= I w[- u) build and maintain a reliable safety and
KSup T>eM e}T- security system that protects life and
T SL un property in the premises of the
Y` 2=v `M institution;
) }sS< fe} ` uT>- v) represent the institution in all its dealings
`< Tdw M' w) open and operate bank accounts in the

kdpdM name of the institution;
) 2eL>~ KUM _= x) delegate, as may be necessary, his

2 vw LL< "T> powers and responsibilities to the vice
KA HL HL~ u<M presidents and appropriate heads of
K=c LM academic units;
) < < uk K}sS< y) ensure that his foreign travels are of
vL< L }Sc[~
value to the institution and planned;
SJ< [M
) u}sS< TssT> Q 2 z) discharge such other responsibilities as
ux` T>c< K?KA }v^ may be given to him by the establishing
<M:: law of the institution and by the board.
2/ _=~ S<K< >?< Ku=a< 2/ The president shall devote full time to the
requirements of his office; and shall be
e^ <LM& KMKA~ }u=<
remunerated appropriately for his services in the
V pTpV M::
form of basic salary and other benefits.
3/ In the case of absence from duty, the
3/ _=~ uG<@ e
Y^< L uTu >? "T> president shall delegate, as a standard
UM _=~ 2c< } practice, the academic vice president on his
2=W^ LM& "T> UM behalf and, in the case of simultaneous
_=~U T u=J K?L absence of the said vice president, any of the
UM _= K=M LM:: other vice presidents.
$4. Se }sU UM _= HL
$4. HL 54. Responsibilities of Vice President of a Public
Institution
1/ The vice-president of a public institution,
1/ u}sS< TssT> Q T>c< without prejudice to those responsibilities
HL 2}uk J' Se given to him under the establishing law of the
}sU UM _= T>}K<
institution, shall have the responsibilities to:
HL [M:-
a) advise, assist and support the president
G) _=~ HL~
in the exercise of his responsibilities;
TT` T&
K) u_=~ T>c< K?KA b) exercise the responsibilities the president
}v^ T:: may entrust to him.
2/ T>e\ U presidents as the board determines in
T>SK}< MM "M ` consultation with, as the case may be, the
uSS"` eL> < wKA Ministry or the state organ.
T>e< M UM _=
\M::
3/ Vice presidents shall devote most of the time
3/ UM _= w< Y^
>?< Ku=a< e^ <LK<& to the requirements of their offices and shall
KMKAvM any public institution.
Ù::
$5. eK
$5. eK_= UM _= MKA 55. Termination of Service of the President and
Ss[ Vice President
1/ SY }sU _= U 1/ The president or vice president of a public
UM _= T>}K< institution may be relieved of his
U u HL~ K=cu responsibilities by:
LM-
a) resignation;
G) un Y^ uSMkp&
b) release on grounds of incompetence,
) uKA T' uv ' severe misconduct, illness or upon death;
uQSU U uV U
}cu} J& c) absence from duty for more than 180
consecutive days with official
) un 1)' } k uL acquiescence;
Y^ }K&
d) absence from duty for more than 45
)Kn #5 } k consecutive days without official
uL Y^ }K& U acquiescence;
)MKA >?< c=un:: e) expiry of terms of office.
2/ u=I k <e k (1) u}- 2/ The Minister or the head of the concerned state
< SW[ x` uT>k`wK Hdw organ, as the case may be, may relieve the
SW[ U x` Hdw vk`wU president of his post pursuant to the provisions of
}u= 2Ù < wKA "S 2- sub-article (1) of this Article and upon advice by
vu< T>>e\ U T>SK}< the board, or without such advice if the Minister or
MM "M L _~ Y^ the head of the concerned state organ is convinced
Tcu LM:: that it is the right action to take.
3/ u=I k <e k (1) u}- 3/ The board may relieve any vice president of
< SW[ x` UM _= his post, pursuant to the provisions of sub-
HL K=cw LM:: article (1) of this Article.
4/ u=I k e k (1) }< 4/ Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-

2}uk J ufe } article (1) of this Article, the board may, as
M U u Mp e^ the case may be, cause the removal or
U UT< _=~ U remove the president or any vice president if
UM _=~ uHL SkM it determines, through three consecutive
}sS< M wKA x` "S monitoring reviews or one in-depth review,
2vw~ HL~ 2=cu his continuity in office would be injurious to
2Ù K=ee U K=e the institution.
LM::
$6. e}` "<eM
$6. 56. Managing Council
1/ _=~ K?KA vw L< HL- 1/ Without prejudice to the power of the
KSS` K< M 2}uk president to include other pertinent officers,
J _=~' UM _= 2 the president, the vice presidents, and the
}sS< nL }T] < HL
e}` "<eK< vL officer in charge of institution-wide student
JK< ;+ affairs shall constitute the core members of
%:: the managing council; and the president shall
chair the managing council.
2/ e}` "<eK< ue^= <-
_=~ u^ S Kv< 2/ The managing council shall advise the
wKA uT>Uv< K?KA < L president on strategic issues and on other
_~ T^M& 2=G S[ forum for monitoring, coordination, and
J KLM:: evaluation of institutional operations.
gA 5! L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
3/ e}` "<eK< u=e u` G<K 3/ The managing council shall meet regularly at
>? uSu uk k c least twice a month on a regular day and
SW[ Su ewcv `M:: time.
4/ e}` "<eK< ewcv T>- 4/ The managing council shall hold and conduct
"H>< Su vL~ S"M w its sessions with a majority of its core
u}Su< N S shall be taken by a secretary designated by
ùM:: the president.
6/ _=~ ue}` "<eK< ewcv- 6/ The president shall ensure free and open
Hdw uM u Sg^g\ expression of views in managing council
[M& Hdw M }v[k sessions. The president may order votes in
J }""] Hdx }kv
case substantially competing opinions
w KT c=vM w _=~
u< L U 2=c K=` emerge to ascertain the weight of the
LM:: competing opinions.
7/ u_=~ U uc< u}K K?L 7/ No member other than the president or a

c< "MJ ue}k` K?L vM M person instructed by the president shall
c=\ e}` "<eK< < communicate to third parties the council's
<? Kfe} SK deliberations on controversial issues and the
MU:: results thereof.
8/ =I k @ uM }sT 8/ The provisions of this Article shall also be
LU 2vw~ }T> JK<:: applicable, as appropriate, with respect to
private institutions.
57. University Council
>y`+ "y`
$7.
1/ The president shall chair the university
1/ >y`+ "S^ J' vL~
core members of the managing council, all
e}` "<eK< vL'
deans, directors, members of the senate
"T> KA HL' @
standing committee, the chief librarian, the
sT> T> vL' u?}SQ
HL' _e^`' K?KA lM registrar, other key academic officers, service
"T> S' MKA c department heads, and, as it shall be
KA HL 2 u_=~ U` determined by the board upon the advice of
L }SY` x` uT>e< the president, an appropriate number of
SW[ }*< uk academic staff and student representatives
"T> W^} }T] with appropriate gender mix.
}" JK<::
2/ The university council shall advise the
2/ >y`+ "<eM u}sS< [mp president by expressing its views on
2p' u' [ SS]' institutional proposals regarding plans,
UI` a^V' ww` budget, organizational structures, academic
< eUU' uUI` programmes, agreements of cooperation, and
KA SM' y`+ "? cucvM::
4/ Attendance of university council sessions by
4/ u>y`+ "<eM ewcv L vL~ members shall be mandatory. Membership
S <& u_=~ n shall not be delegated except in accordance
SW[ "MJ ue}k` vM with the permission of the president. Sessions
u<M K=c MU& ewcv may be held without a requirement for
KUM} <v? K="H@ LK<::
quorum.
gA 5!1 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
5/ _=~ u>y`+ "<eK< ewcv 5/ The president shall ensure a democratic

H> Hdw u KSK T>u[ atmosphere stimulating free expression of
=V^c= G<@ S\ opinions and ideas in sessions of the
[M& u"<eK< < c university council. The president may order
Hdw M }v[k J Hdx votes in case substantially competing
w KTp c=vM _=~ opinions emerge to ascertain the weight of
u< L U 2=c K=` the competing opinions.
LM::
6/ The secretary of the managing council shall
6/ e}` "<eK< H U also serve as the non-voting and non-
Tc u<~ L Td}
consultative secretary of the university
H J K>y`+ "<eKy`+ the president shall serve as its official
"<eK< nM kv J K=KM
spokesperson.
MU::
8/ Without prejudice to the provisions of this
8/ =I k @ 2}ul
Article, the university council may adopt its
J< >y`+ " JK<::
respect to private institutions.
$8. SY }sT U` S[
$8. 58. Forum of Public Institutions
1/ SY }sT [< 1/ Public institutions may establish a forum, in
KTe}vu`' UI` SK= accordance with this Proclamation and with
câ KTSdcM' MU an appropriate name, to coordinate efforts,
M<< KT[ 2 T>>e\ harmonize academic standards and
u} UI` H^ KUk approaches, share experience, and to advise
e^= <' G<@ the Ministry on national and international
L KTT` u=I <p
strategic issues, trends and conditions of
}c< U` S[ K=slS<
LK<:: higher education.
2/ SY }sT U` S[ 2/ The establishment of the forum shall be

u=I Sc[ SSe[~ effective as of the date of its registration by
uT>>e\ }[u >? Ua the Ministry upon ascertaining the
2penc? `M:: consistency of its statutes with the provisions
of this Proclamation.
3/ Se }sT _= }sV-
< uSM U` S[< 3/ The presidents, representing their respective
vL JK<:: =I k <e institutions, shall be members of the forum.
k (1) @ 2}uk J' Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-
U` S[< eT@' LT' article (1) of this Article, the council of
}v` HL' S^`' c^` presidents may decide on nomenclature,
ee` w u_= <v? aims, responsibilities, leadership architecture,
K=c LM:: procedures, and rules of the forum.
4/ U` S[< u_= <v? 4/ The forum may establish its own office in
<d@ T>ssU Q u? K=[< accordance with the decision made by the
LM:: council of presidents.
5/ U` S[< nM kv u_=- 5/ The spokesperson of the forum shall be the
<v? w Sc[ ucwdu= incumbent leader of the forum, who shall be
}S[< Se >y`+ elected in accordance with its rules.
_= JM::
6/ U` S[< e^< T><- 6/ The financial source of the forum shall be

< uvM }sT S vM annual contributions by the member public
S' e K?KA uQ institutions and grants and funds the forum
}k U uT>< w may obtain from other legally permitted
JM:: sources.
7/ U` S[< uc^\ vw
L< K?KA QA @U 7/ The forum shall respect provisions of other
Tu` ùM:: applicable laws in its operations.
8/ T>>e\ 2eL>~ u} UI- 8/ The Ministry may, as may be necessary,
` < L UU` S[< `
consult the forum on issues of higher
KSU` LM::
education.
9/ uSe }sT U` S[
vw vK< K?L Q Sc[ 9/ There may be, as may be necessary,
u}ssS M }sT TIu` S"M consultative partnerships between the forum
2eL>~ U` < K=` of public institutions and any legally
LM:: established association of private institutions.
0/ Se }sT U` S[ 10/ Where the forum of public institutions

=I @ U K?KA contravenes the provisions of this
Q @ }LM c= Proclamation or any other applicable laws, it
2e=e}"M [e may be suspended by the order of the
uT>>e\ K= LM:: Ministry until it rectifies the irregularities.
<e M G<K SECTION TWO

eKSY }s
}s SM' SH'
SH' DIVISION, MERGER, CHANGE OF NAME AND
eU K< S CLOSURE OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
$9. SY }sU SM' SH U

$9. 59. Division, Merger or Change of Name of Public
eU K< Institution
1/ Se }sU 2vw~ 1/ A public institution may be divided into two
uT>>ea U` u? uT> w or more public institutions or merged with
U uT>SK}< MM uT> another public institution or its name be
Q SW[ G<K U = changed by regulation of the Council of
uL Se }sT K=M U
K?L Se }sU ` K=H Ministers or in accordance with a state's law,
U eS< K=K LM:: as the case may be.
2/ SY }sT SM' SH 2/ Division, merger or change of names of

U eU SK T>< =I public institutions shall take place without
K?KA vw L< QA prejudice to the provisions of this
@ 2}ul J< JM:: Proclamation and other applicable laws.
%. SY }sU S 60. Closure of Public Institutions
1/ 2vw~ uT>>ea U` u? 1/ A public institution may be closed down by

U uT>SK}< MM "M <d@ decision of the Council of Ministers or the
SY }sU 2= T[ appropriate organ of a state, as the case may
LM:: be.
2/ SY }sU S u}u=< 2/ The closure of a public institution shall be
T>= S[ Ku:: made public through the appropriate media.
%1. eKSw
%1. S}LK 61. Transfer of Rights and Obligations
1/ Se }sU u=I @ 1/ Where a pubic institution is divided into two or
SW[ KG<K U = uL KJ< more institutions pursuant to the provisions of this
Se }sT }K J Proclamation, its rights and obligations shall be
Sw K=f }sT transferred to the newly formed institutions. The
}LKK<:: 2 =e }sU extent of rights and obligations to be transferred to
v\ }sU T>}LKK Sw each of the newly formed institutions shall be as
S SK< u}cu prescribed by the Council of Ministers regulation
T>>ea U` u? w U or the state's law effecting the division.
MK< Q cM::
2/ u=I SW[ }H }sT 2/ The rights and obligations of institutions
Sw K=c< }sU merged in accordance with the provisions of
}LKK<:: this Proclamation shall be transferred to the
new institution.
3/ u=I SW[ }K< U 3/ The divided or merged public institution shall
}H Se }sT Q lose its former juridical personality from the
c<< =f }sT uQ date of the division or merger.
}ssSSKU }T> JK<:: whose name has been changed.
<e M Ze SECTION THREE

eKSY }s
}sU
U u w BUDGET AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
e}`
OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
%2. u
%2. 62. Budget
1/ ^M Se U MKA 1/ Public institutions shall be funded by the
KSe }sT u T>Su< federal government or states through block-
ue^= p eUU L grant system based on strategic plan
u}SW[} pM u Y` agreements.
SW[ JM::
2/ SY }sU ekV eUU 2/ Every public institution shall receive a block
}[cu Ue S sT> grant-budget, agreed upon in advance as
pM u SwKM& JU indicative budget for a five-year period;
pM u~ uS~ 2}SS provided however, that such block-grant
T>e}"M JM::
budget shall be revised annually.
3/ Se }sU w LA~
3/ Every public institution shall mobilize other
KTTEL u=I k %6 2 %7
income as provided for by Articles 66 and 67
u}K< SW[ uQ }k
K?KA U u= Tcvcw of this Proclamation and other legally
LM:: permitted sources.
4/ 2 Se }sU u}sS< 4/ Depending on the state of its preparedness,

x` k< Y^ p' every public institution may start operating
e^= p eUU 2=G<Mu k Ua plan agreement as well as on its general
S u%EL upM u Y` preparedness, after one year from the
SY^ U^M:: effective date of this Proclamation.
5/ u=I k <e k (4) u}K< 5/ Public institutions shall build their capacities
>? <e pM u W^` in financial and educational data management
}nT> KSJ e}\U - to implement properly and efficiently block-
vu< KSU^ K< Se grant funding within the period specified in
}sT UI` w S[- sub-article (4) of this Article.
T>e}\u pU Sv
`vM::
6/ w =T> MT T>>e` 6/ The Ministry of Finance and Economic
Se }sT =I k Development shall assist public institutions
@ }v^ T[ 2=K< in implementing the provisions of this
}u=< 2 `M:: Article.
7/ Se }sU Ze} 7/ Any public institution may accept donations
c SkuM LM& JU from third parties; provided however, that no
T>< e u}sS< sU' such donation or subsidy may negatively
}M LT L K< }2 influence the standing, mission and
T[< SJ ùM:: objectives of the institution.
8/ Any public institution shall report to the
8/ T< w =yeS Development and the Ministry or the
eKT>< u= Kw =T> MT appropriate state organ receipt of funds from
T>>e` KT>>e\ U KT>SK}< third-parties and its investment incomes.
MM "M Tdp Ku::
63. B udge t S ubsi dy

%3. T u
%3.
1/ uT< S pM grant of any public institution may remain at
}sS< T u J T>kK< the disposal of the institution as budget
u S 2=}LK K}sS<
MKA 2=<M K=[ LM:: subsidy.
2/ }sS< T u u"M u 2/ The institution shall use the budget subsidy

SM w kUuM:: only as capital budget.
3/ T u S~ pM u 3/ The budget subsidy shall be budgeted

}sS< u= T>< w ` together with the year's block grant and other
2}sS< nL S u institutional income for the year and
ux` T>p JM:: approved by the board as the institution's
total budget.
64. Financial Management
%4. w e}`
1/ The president of a public institution shall

1/ SY }sU _= }sS<
conduct the financial affairs of the institution
w < uQ' upM'
u<?T' ulv uM in accordance with the law and with the
S`J L }SY` SU^ principles of efficiency, efficacy, frugality
Te}` HL }m and transparency.
ùM::
2/ Q uK?L G<@ ekS< 2/ Without prejudice to other conditions
G<@ u ekV ux` provided by law and to the procedure of prior
Tp c^` 2}uk J approval of the budget by the board, a public
SY }sU ukK Y^ institution shall be free to use its income as it
p SW[ u=< u sees fit, in accordance with its approved
SkU Sw [M:: business plan.
3/ u vMku p x` u~ 3/ The board may authorize the president of a

2e=k< [e SY }sU public institution to make necessary
_= }sS< Su e^ expenditures on the basis of the previous
2e}M ukT>< u S budget where the board may not be able to
c^` S Sc[ approve timely the budget for the current
2=` ux` YM K=c< fiscal year.
LM::
65. Strategic Plan Agreement
%5. e^}= p eUU
%5. eUU
1/ Every public institution shall conclude with
1/ SY }sU KUe S the Ministry or the concerned state organ a
T>q e^}= p eUU strategic plan agreement for a period of five
2vw~ T>>e\ U T>S- years.
K}< MM "M ` `M::
2/ A strategic plan agreement shall, in
2/ e^}= p eUU u}K particular, contain:
T>}K< T"} Ku-
G) e^}= LT' <[ a) strategic objectives, academic priorities,

p' ST`-Te}T` learning outputs, and institutional and
<? }sT c< HM human resources development;
MT
K) k UÙ` a b) planned research projects and
a^V programmes;
N) UI` a^V 2 u}- c) study and diversity of programmes and
u`k T>c< a^- continuing, distance and virtual
V education;
S) }T] w "T> W^}- d) the number of students and the number
w S< wn [ and qualification of academic staff;
W) "T> W^} wN?` e) social goals such as measures to enhance
wN?[cw }* TS 2 the nation and nationality composition of
u} L x c?
}d Td' KT>g< its academic staff, increase the
}T] T>`< 2 T- proportion of senior positions held by
` T>SK~ 2Ù& women, and assistance to disadvantaged
sections of its students;
[) SY T>uk< sT>
pM u K=W T>K< f) indicative block-grant budget commitments
w } K?KA U made by the government and the institution's
KTTEL u}sS< }v< commitment to make up, through other
& sources of income, the financing gap that
may occur;
c) sT> pM u~ }sS< ^c<
TELKG< K< w K2 g) the indicative allocations of the block-
e^}= p S SSu< grant budget and the funds to be
T>d sT> M& mobilized by the institution for each year
of the strategic plan period;
g) e^}= p u um dJ h) contingency plan in the event of non-
u=k` }kS< SH@' fulfillment of the anticipated strategic-
plan budget;
k) }u= N=dw' M' U- i) appropriate mechanisms of accounting,
T ]` Tp[w Y` monitoring, evaluation and reporting.
S`<::
3/ A strategic plan agreement may be amended
3/ e^= p }SW[}v< in the event of significant changes in the
du= }K< e^}= p circumstances or assumptions on which it has
eUU~ K=hhM LM:: been based.
4/ SY }sT k [mp e- 4/ Public institutions shall conclude the next

^}= p eUU< up~ strategic plan agreements, as the case may be,
e^= p S <e 2- with the Ministry or the appropriate state
vw~ uT>>e\ U uT>SK- organ within the current plan period.
}< MM "M nK<::
66. Income Generation
%6. u= eKTe
%6. eKTe
1/ Without prejudice to the provisions of this
1/ =I @ vw Proclamation and other applicable laws, an
L< K?KA Q 2}ul J< income generating enterprise may be
T<U Se }sU u}sS< established by any public institution upon the
_= o ux` <d@ u= request of the president and approval by the
Te ` K=sU LM:: board.
2/ `~ ^c< Q c< K< J 2/ The enterprise shall have its own legal
2Tk< G<K< uTTEL T>W^
organization, in compliance with all legal
JM::
requirements.
3/ `~ KTssU T>eM<
Sh w uSe T>Sw 3/ The initial capital required for the
u K=J LM:: establishment of the enterprise may be a
budget allocated by government.
4/ Without prejudice to sub-article (3) of this
4/ u=I k <e k (3) }- Article, the enterprise may have the
< 2}uk J `~ T>}- following sources of income:
K< u= U K=\ LM-
a) income generated from the services it
G) `~ T>W< MKA U renders and the activities it carries out;
T><< Y^ T> u=
b) voluntary contributions made by the staff
K) }sS< W^} un
of the institution;
T>`< S
c) donations;
N) K`~ T>c< Y
S) K?KA Q u= U:: d) other lawful sources of income.
5/ }sS< `~ }^ ` u=I 5/ The institution shall use the net profits of the
@ SW[ K}M< enterprise in the pursuit of its mission and
SX" K=kUu vM:: objectives in accordance with the provisions
of this Proclamation.
6/ `~ e SK u 6/ The financial statements of the enterprise
S~ "unu k Ua uee shall be submitted to the board within six
^ <e Kx` Sp[w `v- months from the end of the fiscal year.
M::
%7. u=
%7.
67. Income Fund
1/ uSY }sU <e ux`
1/ An income fund may be set up in a public
}e 2 vw~ uT>>e\
U uT>SK}< MM "M institution by decision of the board and, as
c=p u= K=ssU LM:: the case may be, approval by the Ministry or
the appropriate state organ.
2/ u= U T>}K< 2/ Sources of income of the fund shall be:

JK<-
a) contributions made by the income
G) u}sS< u= Te ` generating enterprise of the institution;
T>[K S
K) uu S~ Y^ L MK b) unutilized finance of the fund during the

w fiscal year;
N) Y c) donations;
S) K?KA Q u= U:: d) other legally permitted sources of
income.
3/ x` uT>k< Sc[ 3/ The fund may be used for different capacity
K}sS< M M pU v building activities of the institution, prizes
}v^' KiMT K?KA }v^ and other activities as shall be approved by
pU L K=<M LM:: the board.
4/ nkU u e` 4/ Disbursement of the fund shall comply with
}}K JM:: its budgetary appropriations.
%8. ]` eKTp[w eKl`
%8. 68. Reporting and Supervision
1/ Tdw ]` and approved annual performance and
2vw~ KT>>e\ U audited financial reports based on the
KT>SK}< MM "M Tp[- w strategic plan agreement; and publish the
u S~ UI` K?KA educational and expenditure data for the
S[ u=I - k !7 fiscal year as provided for under Article 27 of
u}< SW[ Td}U' this Proclamation;
K) uT? uT>>e\ U b) furnish information to the Ministry or the

uT>SK}< MM "M concerned state organ whenever it is
T>k< S[ Se' required to do so.
ùM:: 2/ Any public institution may be subject to
supervision by the Ministry or the
2/ T>e\ U uT>SK}< appropriate state organ to ensure its
MM "M Q e^= p compliance with the law and strategic plan
eUU~ Tu\ KT[ l` agreements.
K=[u LM:: 3/ The Ministry or the appropriate state organ
3/ 2vw~ T>>e\ U T>S- may annul decisions of the board, the
K}< MM "M Q' Se president or the senate which are contrary to
K=c=' }sS< }M U x the law, government policy or to the
` T> x`' _= institutions mission and statute.
U @ <d@ K=i`
LM::
69. Books of Accounts
%9. H>dw Sw
%9.
1/ Every public institution shall install an
1/ SY }sU u_=~ L-
accounting system, including income and
e}` Y` T>S^ }sSdw ]` Tp[u= which shall fall under the responsibility and
Y` S` ùM:: management of the president.
2/ Se }sU wM ?] H>dw 2/ Every public institution shall follow double-
S}M' }kL J< entry bookkeeping, keep costs and revenues
}v^ u= K?KA related to supplementary activities separate
u= K S 2 from other costs and revenues, and shall
KG<K>e\ w =T> MT 3/ The Ministry may, in consultation with the

T>>e` ` uST` Ministry of Finance and Economic
Se }sU Gw Development, issue directives on accounting
KSK" kKM K SS *= and reporting system enabling the use of
Y` KSkU T>eM H>dw simplified valuation methods and auditing of
]` k^[w SS] statements for measurement of an
T< LM:: institutions assets and liabilities.
70. Audit
&. *=
1/ An autonomous internal audit unit
1/ uT<U SY }sU <e accountable to the president shall be
^c< K K_=~ }] J established in any public institution.
<e *= ssTM::
2/ The head of the internal audit unit of a public
2/ SY }sU <e *= M institution shall be appointed by the board
L u_=~ pû= ux` upon recommendation by the president.
jTM::
3/ The internal audit unit shall conduct
3/ <e *= }sS< U' performance, financial, and property audit of
e w[ *= < the institution and report the findings to the
<?~ K_=~ Kx` president and the board.
k`vM::
4/ 2vw~ ^M *=}` 4/ Without prejudice to the powers of the

U MK< *=}` YM federal or state Auditor General, as the case
2}uk J' SY }sU may be, the accounts of a public institution
H>dw ux` u}
< *=}` shall be audited annually by an external
uS~ }SÙa <?~ K_=- auditor appointed by the board; and the audit
~' Kx` 2vw~ KT>>- findings shall be reported to the board and
e\ U KT>SK}< MM "M the Ministry or the appropriate state organ.
Sp[w ùM::
M ^
PART FOUR
eKM }sT
PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS
71. Accountability
&1. }m
1/ A private institution shall be accountable to

1/ M }sU uT>ssUu SSY[ the appropriate body as provided for in its
c 2 uS}] u< u}< memorandum of association and its by-laws.
SW[ vw LK< "M }m
JM:: 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article
(1) of this Article, a private institution shall
2/ =I k <e k (1) also be accountable to the Ministry in respect
u=Ù M }sU uUI` c- of the propriety of its operations in the
UÙ` [ eKT><< provision of education and conducting
}v^ K }m~ KT>>- research.
e\ U` JM::
72. Responsibilities of Private Institutions

&2. eKM }sT HL
&2. HL
1/ Every private institution shall have the
1/ T}K< responsibilities to:
L [M-
G) uT>>e\ T>< }T] a) ensure strict compliance with directives

puL T>SK~ SS] issued by the Ministry on admissions of
uwp S}M& students;
b) ensure the minimum curricula quality
K) UI` ' Te}T`
' }T] SS }- standards, including educational content,
Y` 2 <? Y` pedagogy, student assessment and
Ua u=e K[< T>u- examination system, and system of
pu e}< e`} UI` grading;
^ [ T[&
c) perform regular annual self-evaluation
N) "T> UÙ` < and evaluations by students and
eSM S K-UT academic staff on its academic and
}T] "T> c^}
UT T"H@ <?~ research performance and make the
K}sS< TQu[cw Tdp results of the evaluations public to its
K?c=}K< including the specific fields within the
e`} UI`' puL pU programmes in which the institution is
UI`~ KTkp T>e<
Su >? uT"} 2 c^} the standard length of study, and the
[ p` G<@< T>S- profiles of its academic staff and the
K~ S[ ukLK< }î uJ modes of their employment; and give
SM< S 2=G<< eSM accurate information to its students and
K}T] Kw[}cu< K
S[ Se& the public about the same;
W) uS^` ue}` [~'
c^\' uS^\ ue}\ e) ensure that its leadership and management
HL wn' }sS< T>u structures, modus operandi of the structures,
"vu=' UI` SM the leadership and management capabilities
Ua "Uc< nL "vu= of the position occupants, its location,
G<@ }sS< K}c< [ premises and facilities, and the campus
KT>"H@< M' LK< environment generally are fit for the purposes
}T] c^} w of a higher education institution of its status,
K}cTû UI` Se levels of studies, student and staff numbers,
T>S SJ< T[& and the nature of the programmes and fields
[) Ue S `` UI- in which it is engaged;
`' UÙ` M 2p f) submit to the Agency its detailed plans
2=G<U u2p L u on education, research and training on a
S~ }[< Te}" K? five-yearly basis, and annual up-dates of
c=< Tp[w 2p
T[& the plans; and make the plans public;
g) submit detailed annual reports to the
c) UI`' UÙ` M
}v^~ u}SK} `` Agency on its activities in education,
S U ]` uU- research, and training at the end of each
I` S~ TKm L K?- academic year and publish its
c=< Tp[w UI` w- educational input and output data as
<? u=I required by this Proclamation;
u}< SW[ Td}U&
g) T>>e\ T>n< S[- h) supply information required by the
K UU T>>e\ Ministry free of charge and in the form
uT>Mu uT>e< and within the time the Ministry may
>? w <e Tp[w& specify;
gA 5" L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
k) Sc` <d@ 2=cu o i) notify the Ministry immediately in case a

k[uu I< =<< KT>- bankruptcy proceeding is instituted
>e\ Tdp& against it;
u) u=I @ vw j) conduct its operations in accordance
vL< K?KA Q SW[ with the provision of this Proclamation
}v\ T:: and other applicable laws.
2/ M }sU S U ]` 2/ The annual report on the activities of a
K?KA < u}T] T>}K<
private institution shall include, among
T"} ùM-
others:
G) u UI` S <e }-
< }v^ }< <?- a) activities and results thereof performed
within the particular academic year;
K) }sS< Y^ U UT b) results of performance evaluation of the
<? institution;
N) uUI` S< u}sS< <e c) internal developments that may have
}c~ G<@ taken place in the institution in the
course of the academic year;
S) UI`~ S Twn }KA d) a signed diagnostic statement of its state
u}sS< uL e}` "M of general condition as an institution of
}[Su }sS< u} U- higher education by its supreme
I` }sU~ Ku nL governing body, following the end of the
G<@ T>d UT SK:: academic year.
3/ S u^ ]`' }sS< 3/ The annual report on activities, the long-term
[U >? p 2 u^< U- plans of the institution, and the results of
T <? S[ `vM:: evaluation of its activities shall be made
public.
4/ ?c=< u=I k K?KA 4/ Notwithstanding the other provisions of this
@ uSu "T> *=
U dw eL> J c= Article and specifically provisions for
uT *= U T^ may be necessary, unscheduled reviews and
uT[ }u= Te}" 2Ù investigations of any private institution and
K=e LM:: take corrective measures.
&3. M }sU <e w

&3. w 73. Internal Regulations of Private Institutions
1/ M }sU <e w eK}sS< 1/ Internal regulations of a private institution
e}` "L' }sS< e}` shall stipulate the governing bodies of the
"L <d@ c YY`' institution, decision-making procedures of
"T> UÙ` <' "T> academic bodies, academic programmes,
TQu[cu< Sw 2 rights and obligations of the academic
eKp_ Y` S community, and grievance handling
ùM:: procedures.
2/ M }sU <e w =I 2/ Internal regulations of a private institution
U T<U vw K< and their amendments shall not contravene
K?L Q @ Tn[ SJ the provisions of this Proclamation and
.:: provisions of any other applicable law.
3/ 3/ The Agency shall ensure that any private
; :: institution has an appropriate and functional
internal regulations.
gA 5"1 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
&4. 2 eKSJ<

&4. 74. Requirement for Accreditation
1/ M }sU KTssU' [< 1/ Any person who desires to establish, upgrade
KTd U KSK T>M or modify a private institution shall be
T>e\ 2K< uT>>e\ 2<p c=c< and offers accredited study programmes shall have
2<p vu UI` a^- the right to issue valid qualifications of higher
V' UI` u}kK education to its graduates consistent with
}T] w w JM:: accredited study programmes, specific disciplines
in the programmes, and its enrollment capacity.
75. Application for Accreditation
&5. 2 k`w TSM
1/ Any person who desires to establish, upgrade

1/ M }sU KTssU' [< KT-
d U KSK T>M T or modify a private institution shall submit an
kù< TSM T>}K<
TTEL ùM-
a) name and main address of the institution;
G) }sS< eU ^h'
b) financial capacity of the institution;
K) }sS< e pU&
c) the name and address of the body to
N) eK}sS< }m J "M eU which the institution is accountable;
^h&
S) }sS< vKu? eU ^h& d) the names and addresses of the owners

of the institution;
W) }sS< ^' }M2 LT& e) vision, mission and objectives of the

institution;
f) programmes of study and levels of
[) UI` a^V UI- education and training;
` [&
g) appropriate curriculum, the number and
c) [< uk e`} UI`' level of qualifications of academic staff
}k\ T>k\u >? uSK
upù< T>k\ "T> W^} and technical and administrative support
uS< uUI` uT[ staff recruited by the institution and soon
[ 2 > e}` to be recruited with recruitment plan;
c c^} l` UI`
[&
h) details of the available and soon to be
g) }sS< K< upù< T>[<
made available facilities and services
KUI` KeM T>eM<
2 SI' u?}SQ' required for conducting education or
u?}S<^' ST] KA' training such as libraries, laboratories,
UI` UÙ` SM classrooms, educational and research
``& facilities, and the manner in which they
are maintained;
k) =e }T] puL SS& i) admission requirement for new students;

j) internal regulations of the institution
u) }sS< [' "T> TQu[cu< providing for the status, rights and
Sw 2 p_ Te}
Y` <e w& responsibilities of the academic
community and grievance handling
procedures;
}) }sS< "T> e}^ k) system of governance and management by
e^ T><u S^` which the academic and administrative
e}` Y`& affairs of the institution shall be conducted;
) }sS< Ue S 2p& l) a five-year plan of the institution;
%) vw "L< Se "L m) investment and other necessary permits
}c< =yeS K?KA issued by the appropriate government
eL> n:: organs.
3/ ?c=< k[uK TSM SÙa-
3/ The Agency shall, upon examining the
application submitted to it:
G) u=I I KTeU a) issue accreditation where it ascertains
u< x SS] that the institution satisfies the
c\ SS }sS< requirements under this Proclamation
TTEL~ c=[ 2<p and regulations and directives issued for
n the implementation of this Proclamation;
K) }sS< u=I I b) reject the application for accreditation
KTeU u< x where it finds that the institution does
SS] c\ SS not meet the requirements under this
TTEL J c=< 2<p Proclamation and regulations and
n o< <p `M:: directives issued for the implementation
4/ ?c=< u=I k <e k of this Proclamation.
(3)(K) SW[ 2<p n o 4/ Where the Agency rejects an application for
<p c=[ o< }kv accreditation pursuant to sub-article (3)(b) of
Kv< U KSM"
this Article, it shall notify the applicant in
uG< SK Ku::
writing about the grounds for the rejection of
5/ u=I k <e k (3)(K) the application.
SW[ 2 pursuant to sub-article (3)(b) of this Article,
J< SS uTTEL 2 may reapply after fulfilling the requirements
KTSM LM& JU 2 }KK SM" of notification of the denial; provided
U }KKu >? Ua however, that an applicant whose application
S u%EL K=SK LM:: is rejected twice may not reapply until after
one year.
6/ ?c=< 2= KIw SK ùM:: rejection of accreditation public through
appropriate media depending on the character
of the decision.
&6. 2<p n eKSe
&6.
76. Issuance of Accreditation
1/ ?c=< k[uK 2<p n
1/ Where the Agency, upon examining the
TSM SÙa u=I I application for accreditation submitted to it and
KTeU u< x ascertaining that the institution satisfies the
SS] }SK~ SS requirements under this Proclamation and
}sS< TTEL~ [ regulations and directives issued for the
2c< 2<k n- 2/ The accreditation issued by the Agency shall

indicate:
G) }sS< eU ^h'
a) the name and address of the institution;
K) }sS< [' a^V
e`} UI`' b) the status, programmes and curriculum
of the institution;
) SUI^< w UI` [
ew`' c) the number and qualification mix of the
academic staff;
} )T] w UI`~
T>cu x' d) enrollment capacity and location of the
campus;
)2KMu >? w' e) the date of issuance of the accreditation
and its duration of validity;
)2<p n c< HL
eU `T 2 f) the name and signature of the official
TI}U' issuing the accreditation with the seal of
S ùM:: the Agency affixed.
3/ ?c=< 2= KIw of the accreditation through appropriate
SK ùM:: media.
&7. 2qu >?

&7. 77. Validity of Accreditation
1/ u=I k &6 SW[ KM 1/ An accreditation issued to a private

}sU }c SS]< 2<p institution pursuant to Article 76 of this
n }cu k Ua K3 S Proclamation shall be valid for three years
KLM:: from the date of its issuance.
2/ KM }sU }c 2qu >? of the period of its validity prescribed under
2un ukU uUe S~ sub-article (1) of this Article and,
=e UI` S SS\ u subsequently, every five years before the
Se ùM:: beginning of a new academic year.
&8. 2k`w TSM

&8. 78. Application for Renewal of Accreditation
u=I k &7 <e k (2) An application submitted for renewal of

SW[ 2k`w TSM T>}K< S 77 of this Proclamation shall include the
Ku- following:
1/ 2<p n 2=c U kU c=M
2=e c=p K?c=< k[u<
1/ a report on the state of fact of the information
TSM ` kù< u\ S[ and provisions submitted to the Agency
UI` w SM G< during the application for accreditation or for
KM ]`& a previous renewal;
2/ u}sS< ^ TMu e` 2/ a self-assessment document prepared by the
}"H@ K-UT <? ]`& quality enhancement system of the
institution;
3/ }sS< "T>' > 3/ the list of permanent academic staff and
c sT> W^} ``& technical and administrative support staff of
the institution;
4/ uS~ }sS< uT>c< u2 4/ the list of students that have been enrolled
UI` Se }Su< }T] each year in each field of study offered by the
``& institution;
5/ KUI` KUÙ` 2=G<U U- 5/ the list of facilities and teaching aids made
I` ` }T LL< K?KA available for educational and research
}v^ T } SM- activities as well as other related activities of
UI` S[ ``& the institution;
6/ u*=}` }S[S\ S[h Ze 6/ audited financial reports of the institution for

S }sS< H>dw ]`& the last three years;
7/ ? SS] SW[ 7/ other information required by the Agency in
T>l K?KA S[:: accordance with the directive to be issued by the
Ministry.
&9. 2k`w TS 79. Decision on Application for Renewal of
M <d@ c Accreditation
1/ Upon receiving an application for the
1/ ?c=< u=I k &8 renewal of accreditation pursuant to Article
SW[ 2 T>< through its assessment committee:
T"-
a) evaluate the self-assessment document
G) u}sS< k[u< K-UT c and other reports and ascertain the
K?KA ]` S[U^M u=G< veracity of the information and statistics
<e }"}~ S[ ee+-
" SK K [- contained therein;
M& b) taking into account the nature of the
K) u}sS< T>c< a^V institution's programmes, closely
vu SM- scrutinize:
(1) the academic and administrative
infrastructure made available at the
(1) }sS< "T> e}^ institution;
SW[} MT'
(2) the processes of teaching and learning
(2) Y`} UI`' ST` Te- which shall include the curricula,
}T` ^' }T] S[- quality of teaching and learning,
' UI` SM'
student support services, student
}T] uST` Te}T\ H>
<e L< }d SU- involvement in the teaching-learning
I^< wn Ua }T] processes, and student evaluation on
UI`~ ^ UT' the quality of education, including on
the quality of the academic staff;
(3) c c^} ``
UI` [' (3) list and qualifications of support
staff;
(4) UÙ` e^ S
vw' (4) scale and relevance of research
activities.
uMk STM&
2/ ?c=< uUT> T>< ]` 2/ The Agency, based on the report of the
SW[- assessment committee, shall:
G) u=I I KTeU a) issue renewal of the accreditation where it

u< x SS] c\- ascertains that the institution satisfies the
SS u}sS< STEL- requirements under this Proclamation and
< "[ 2<p n regulations and directives issued for the
2=eK & U implementation of this Procllamation; or
K) u=I I KTeU b) reject the application for the renewal of

u< x SS] c- accreditation where it finds that the
\ SS u}sS< KS- institution does not meet the requirements
TEL< "[ 2<p n under this Proclamation and the regulations
2d o< <p `M::
and directives issued for the implementation
3/ ?c=< u=I k <e k of this Proclamation.
(2)(K) SW[ 2v< [ ` article (2)(b) of this Article, it shall notify the
uT` T>d `` SK
applicant in writing, together with a detailed
` u}c >? w <e K=c
eKT>v< Te}" 2Ù statement explaining about the institution's
SM" uO d<kM:: standing vis--vis the requirements and
recommending the corrective measures to be
taken by the institution within a definite
4/ u=I k <e k /2/(K) period of time.
SW[ 2? w <c uS<c }L> requirements for accreditation by taking the
SS TEM 2
TSM LM:: corrective measures suggested by the Agency
within the specified time limit.
5/ ?c=< 2= ; rejection of renewal of accreditation.
.::
6/ Any institution denied of renewal of
6/ 2<p n 2d }KK }sU accreditation shall take appropriate measures
}kuL< }T] cM in order that the students and trainees it has
u=\ vw vL< K?KA }sT
}<[< UI`< 2=pl admitted shall be transferred to other
}u=< 2Ù S<c ùM:: appropriate institutions and complete their
studies.
'. 2<p n 2d
2d
80. Renewal of Accreditation
1/ c< 2<p n'
1/ The renewed accreditation shall indicate:
G) }sS< eU ^h'
a) name and address of the institution;
K) }sS< [' a^V e`}
UI`' b) status of the institution and its
programmes and curricula;
) SUI^< w UI` [
ew`' c) number and qualifications of the
academic staff;
} )T] w UI`~
T>cu x' d) enrollment capacity and location of the
campus;
)2KMu >? w' e) date of renewal of the accreditation and
its duration of validity;
)2<p n c< HL eU
`T 2 TI}U' f) name and signature of the official
renewing the accreditation with the seal
S Ku::
of the Agency affixed.
2/ ?c=< 2= KIw the accreditation through appropriate media.
SK ùM::
'1. 2}K< U u 1/ The Agency may revoke the accreditation of

M }sU 2<p n K=c` a private institution on any one of the
LM- following grounds:
G) 2Ku [ vKS- b) where the institution fails to rectify
ul U =I @ defects within the time fixed in the
U K?KA vw L< warning given by the Agency for failure
QA U I to satisfy the required standards or for
KTeU < x U contravening the provisions of this
SS] f uS~ u?-
Proclamation, any other relevant law or
c=< Tekm }c uTe-
km< u}K< >? w regulations or directives issued for the
<K de}"M c=k`& implementation of this Proclamation.
N) }sS< c=è U Y^< c) where the institution is dissolved or

c=qU:: ceases its operations.
2/ u=I k <e k /1/(G) U 2/ A revocation of accreditation pursuant to

(K) SW[ T>c< 2 JM:: new academic year.
3/ <p n }W[ M }sU 3/ Any institution the accreditation of which has
}T] cM UI`< been revoked shall take appropriate measures
vw vL< K?KA }sT that the students and the trainees continue
2=S< T[ ùM:: their studies in other appropriate institutions.
'2. u?~
'2. u?~ eKTp[w 82. Appeal
1/ u?c=< <d@ 2<p n 2=c- 1/ Any institution may appeal to the Ministry
< U 2<p n 2=eK
for a review of the Agency's decision on
k[u< TSM >e\ u?~ Tp[w LM:: the receipt of the decision.
2/ T>>e\ u?~< SÙa <d@ 2/ The Ministry shall establish an appeal
Hdw T>k`w v S`T] committee to review the decision of the
T> slTM:: Agency and to make recommendations.
3/ T>>e\ uk[u< TSM L 3/ The Ministry shall grant the applicant the
S[h <d@ Sc~ u right to be heard before the final decision is
SM" k`x 2=cT T[ given on the appeal.
ùM::
83. Issuance of Substitute Accreditation Certificate

'3. U 2<p
'3. 2<p n eKSe
1/ Any private institution may apply to the
1/ 2<p n }uLgu U
Agency for a substitute accreditation
u T<U M }sU U
n 2=c< K?c=< certificate where its accreditation certificate
KTSM LM:: is damaged or lost.
2/ ?c=< u=I k <e k (1) 2/ The Agency shall issue a substitute

SW[ o c=k`wK- accreditation certificate:
G) SM" }uLg< <p a) in case of damage, upon the return of the

n 2=SMe' damaged certificate by the applicant;
K) <p n J eKS~ b) in case of loss, having received legally

; "[ acceptable evidence.
u%EL U n cM::
84. Returning Accreditation Certificate

'4. 2<p n eKSSKe
'4.
1/ An institution whose accreditation is revoked
1/ u=I SW[ 2<p n in accordance with this Proclamation shall
}c[u }sU n u}c[ u05 return the accreditation certificate to the
k <e n K Agency within 15 days.
SSKe Ku::
2/ An institution shall return the previous
2/ }sU [< K' K?L ` certificate to the Agency in order to get a new
}H' }K U eS< K appropriate accreditation due to change of its
J u=G< SW[ }u=< =e
grade, merger, division or change of its
2 cM::
inaccordance with this Proclamation.
'6. eK SY T
'6.
86. Government Subsidy
1/ The government may give budget subsidy or
1/ Se wl c< HM uT^ capacity building support to non-profit making
]~ MT L T>k< private institutions that strive to strengthen the
TcU pU v KT` developmental efforts of the country by preparing
T>c\ K` M}ssS< M }sT particularly good quality professionals.
KTu[ T U pU
v K=c LM:: 2/ The Ministry shall specify, by directives, the
procedure for non-profit making private
2/ T>>e\ K` M}ssS< M institutions to apply for budgetary subsidy or
}sT- capacity building from government and the
method of monitoring their use, taking into
account:
a) the number of full-time undergraduate
G) upS-U[n I[-U[n a^V and graduate students enrolled at the
u}sT~ <e }Su< T>T- institution, and the number of students
\ Su }T] 2`cT\ }T]
w' b) the number of academic staff for whom
K) }sT~ sT> p` M c- the institution is the place of primary
L< "T> W^} w' employment;
N) }sT~ UI` ^' c) quality of education in the institution;
S) }sT~ uUI` UÙ` [ d) past achievements of the institution in

eSvD< <?' 2 the area of teaching-learning and
research; and
W) }sT~ ^d< MKA<
KTe cc< Gw' e) institutions own funds invested in the
uTw Se u T U development of its facilities.
pU v 2=c< K=S-
K~ eKT>K-
}Mu Y` SS] M:: 3/ Non-profit making private institutions may
3/ K` M}ssS< M }sT:- receive earmarked additional subsidy funds:
G) u}c Se U }^î a) to support degree programmes offered in

uJ< Se KT>cD< =] specific fields of study or
a^V interdisciplinary studies; or
2=J' U b) as incentive if the degree programmes
K) T>"H>D< =] a^V Lk are of a particularly high quality as
^ LD< eKSJ< u? confirmed by an assessment of the
c=< }[ 2=u[~ KT[' Agency.
ekV K=G< LT }< S e
w L }T] T K=[L<
LM::
'7. =I M @ }T>
'7. 87. Applicability of the Provisions of this Part
=I M @ 2vw~ The provisions of this Part shall, mutatis
KSY }sT eKT>c JK<:: accreditation of public institutions.
M Ue PART FIVE
eKeT> "L YM }v` POWERS AND DUTIES OF EXECUTIVE ORGANS
'8. T>>e\
'8. T>>e\ YM }v` 88. Powers and Duties of the Ministry
T>>e\ u=I K?KA @ Without prejudice to other responsibilities
}c< HL 2}uk J provided for by this Proclamation, the Ministry
T>}K< YM }v \M- shall have the powers and duties to:
1/ } UI` Y`} UI` 1/ ensure that preparation and delivery of
}vu` KU k 2 curricula of higher education are in
2 ^ LA SS ` accordance with international developments
T>S SJ< [M& and national demands and requirements;
2/ uvK`' uTe_' uIU eh- 2/ determine the requirements for Bachelor,
K=+ 2 u_ a^V UI- Master, Medical Specialty, and Doctoral
` KSe T>eK< Sc[ programmes;
SS eM&
3/ Se } UI` K=c= 3/ ensure the implementation of the national
e^= }v^ S[< [- policy and strategy on higher education;
M&
4/ u=I ' uSe K=c= 2eL- 4/ ensure that student placement to and within any
>~ u>?< uT>< SY`
public institution and procedures of admissions in
SW[ uSe }sT [
uSe }sT <e T>[< general are consistently fair and just in accordance
}T] Uv 2 }T] puL with this Proclamation, government policy, and
e`~ vnL H SJ< with requirements it may stipulate from time to
[M& time as necessary;
5/ issue minimum national educational quality

5/ H^ e} UI` wn SS-
' S< eUv` x 2 standards, professional code of conduct and
}sT K=}LD< T>u< c^` necessary standard guidelines to be followed
YY` M& by institutions;
6/ Se KSe }sT pM 6/ determine criteria and standard procedures

u T>Swu SY` Y`- for government funding of institutions;
eM& 7/ facilitate cooperation and information
7/ u}sT S"M ww` S[ exchange among institutions;
M<< 2=` G<@ 8/ provide technical support for internal quality
SM& assurance and enhancement systems of
8/ K}sT <e ^ TMu institutions;
Y` cM&
9/ approve and ensure the implementation of
9/ Se }sU e^= 2p strategic plans of public institutions;
nM' uY^ L SKM& 11/ in co-operation with concerned organs,
promote investments to be made in the
01/ T>SK< "L ` uS}vu` higher-education sector;
u} UI` Se T>[
=yeS u[M& 12/ encourage government organs, professional
associations, business organizations, and
02/ Se "L' S< TQu^' other appropriate persons to work jointly on
TQu^ 2 K?KA vw matters concerning education, training,
L< c uUI`' ueM' research, practicum or apprenticeship and
u}v` MUU' uUÙ` 2
uKA= i` < L }sT research and technology transfer;
` u^ U uww` 2=c\
u[M 13/ ensure proper implementation of the
03/ =I @ }v^ provisions of this Proclamation.
[M::
89. Powers and Duties of the Agency

'9. ?c=< YM }v`
'9.
Without prejudice to other responsibilities
?c=< u=I K?KA @ provided for by this Proclamation, the Agency
}c< HL 2}uk J shall have the powers and duties to:
T>}K< YM }v \M-
1/ uM W\ UT 2<p 1/ develop and implement clearly designed
c SS Y` evaluation and accreditation criteria and
uT ue^ L <LM& procedures;
2/ u=I I KTeU 2/ evaluate projects for the opening or
u< x SS] SW[ transforming of any institution or its units in
}sU U }sU KA
accordance with this Proclamation and
KS U KThhM T>k`w
regulations and directives to be issued for
a uSUU KT>>e\ the implementation of this Proclamation, and
<d@ Hdw k`vM&
submit its recommendation to the Ministry;
3/ 2eM }sU wn
UI` eM vw ^ of education and training of any institution on
UT "H>M& the basis of which accreditation and renewal
of accreditation shall be given;
gA 5# L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
4/ }sU UI` vw ^ 4/ evaluate whether the relevance and quality

TMu e` } UI` enhancement system of institutions are
^ T[ eKSK< UT capable of ensuring quality in higher
"H>M& education;
5/ uTc< } 5/ ensure that higher education and training
UI` eM ]~ =T offered at any institution are in line with
TQu^ L vw "L< economic, social and other relevant policies
K=c= e^= ` Sv of the country;
< [M&
6/ UT T> ^M& HL-
6/ organize assessment committees, and
< c^^< eM&
e^< c=<< T>}K< e determine their operational procedures and
Uv` SS]U M& code of conduct for their assessment
activities;
7/ examine and decide on applications
7/ u=I I KTeU submitted to it for accreditation and renewal
u< x SS] SW[ of accreditation in accordance with the
K2kù< TSM regulations and directives to be issued for the
S[U^M% implementation of this Proclamation;
8/ UI` vw ^ KSU- 8/ request, when necessary, for information and
U U 2 uT>Ju >? examine accreditation or renewal of
vw "L< "L S[
accreditation applications;
e} nM&
9/ evaluate institutions to ensure their

9/ u=I I KTeU
compliance with the standards of relevance
u< x SS] }kS-
and quality of education set forth in this
< UI` vw ^
[ S}L< KT[ Proclamation and regulations and directives
}sT uSUU T>[cv< to be issued for the implementation of this
UT KT>>e\ k`vM& Proclamation, and present to the Ministry
conclusions resulting from the assessment;
10/ prepare and submit to the Ministry
0/ }sT [ KSc T>eK< requirements and directives for the
SS SS] uT- determination of status of institutions;
KT>>e\ k`vM&
01/ u=I @ SW[ }s- 11/ advise the Ministry in respect of merger,
T SH' SM' S division, closure or change of name of
U eU K< eSM KT>>-
e\ U` cM& institutions in accordance with the provisions
of this Proclamation;
02/ u= <e T>kdkc< u< `
}ssS< }sT U c< p` 12/ ensure that foreign institutions or their
u}ssS<v< a 2<p < branches operating in Ethiopia are accredited
SJ< u=I I in their country of origin and comply with the
KTeU u< x SS] relevance and quality standards set by this
}kS< UI` vw ^ Proclamation and regulations and directives
[ TTEL< [M&
to be issued for the implementation of this
03/ u< }sT T>c< UI` Proclamation;
a^V =I< }sT [ 13/ collect and disseminate information about the
sU T>SK~ S[ cve-
status, standards, and programmes of study
vM' c^M&
offered by foreign institutions;
gA 5#1
5#1 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
04/ } UI` Te[ 14/ develop guidelines on equivalence of higher

Sc Y` M' u< ` education qualifications, and determine the
}sT }c< UI` Te[- equivalence of qualifications issued by
U cM& foreign institutions;
05/ 2SK~ p S[ M'
accredited institutions and their status, main
vw vL< S units and specialties, and periodically
S[ u>?< KQw c^M:: disseminate the same to the public through
appropriate means of communication.
(. TK< YM }v`
u=I K?KA @ }c< HL 90. Powers and Duties of the Centre
2}uk J TK< T>}K< YM Without prejudice to other responsibilities provided for
}v \M- by this Proclamation the Centre shall have the powers
and duties to:
1/ } UI` }sT 2
eSM ` k e^= 1/ prepare national strategy for the development
M& of higher education and institutions;
2/ u} UI` Y` <e U- 2/ prepare long-term national plans for the
I` UÙ` eKT>? ` k 2p M& within the system of higher education;
3/ }sT UI` UÙ` ^- 3/ prepare national proposals to raise the quality
' "T> c^} wn 2=- of research activities of institutions, the
G< ` k Sh Hdx study programmes of institutions;
k`vM&
4/ ensure that institution level planning and
4/ u}sU [ T> 2p e^=
u` k [ T> nL strategy are in line with the national higher
} UI` 2p e^= ` education macro plan and strategy; and for
}S SJ< [M& K=IU this purpose, work closely with institutions;
}sT ` upù W^M& examine strategic plan agreements and, upon
e^= 2p eUU S[U^M& approval, follow up their implementation;
c=pU S< }LM&
5/ develop proposals on block grant budget

5/ K2 Se }sU eKT>c
pM u Uv Hdw SM& allocations to individual public institutions,
pM u Uv U and monitor the implementation of the same;
}LM&
6/ }sT S UI`' UÙ`' 6/ collect, analyze and as appropriate publish
e K?KA ee+" S[
cuevM' }M& 2}u=~U
and disseminate annual educational, research,
V KT>SK< c^M& financial and other statistical data of
institutions;
7/ }sT }K S vK< MT u 7/ submit proposal to the Ministry on criteria
SM Tu[ gMT eKT>>e\ Hdw k`vM& grant of differentiated developmental budget,
c=pU ue^ L <LM& and implement the same upon approval;
8/ } UI` ]~ nL 8/ ensure that higher education is in line with

TQu^ =T> MT L ` the overall socio-economic development
}S SJ< u"H@ KU k
2< ` 2<M T>^S SJ<
needs of the country and abreast global trends
[M& in orientation and approaches;
gA 5#2 L UT Uz q_R ^4 7 q
9/ kM } UI` e}`' 9/ advise the Ministry on ways of ensuring

S^` T@S 2=` KT[ efficient higher education governance,
eKT>Mu G<@ T>>e\ T- leadership and management;
^M&
10/ conduct research and studies on current
0/ up K=c= <' c^` policies, practices and results, and propose
<? L UÙ` uT[ appropriate course of action, and serve as a
K W^` p l- resource centre for reform, change and
TM& KThh' KK< KMT development;
2<k w U J KLM&
11/ give opinion on higher education reform and
01/ u]~ } UI` Thh development strategy and plan of the
MT e^= 2p L Hdw country;
cM&
12/ foster cooperation among national

02/ uHL~ TM u^ }sT institutions in its areas of activity, and
S"M ww` KwM& } maintain contacts with institutions of other
UI` < T><< }Sd- countries which are in charge of issues of
d < ` "L ` <
higher education;
Sc`M
13/ discharge other responsibilities that may be

03) entrusted to it by the establishing law.
%%
M ee PART SIX
M M @ MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
(1. MKA
(1. 91. Fees
1/ Se }sU KUI` MKA 1/ A public institution may charge tuition fees;
Sp LM however provided that the kind, amount and
0 % ; the manner of payment of the charge, without
- prejudice other provisions of this
. Proclamation, shall be determined by the
% directive to be issued by the board.
2/ M }sU T>eMu 2/ The rules for charging and the amount of fees
<e w T>c< u}sS< in a private institution shall be determined by
SSe[ c <e YM the body authorized by the statutes of its
u}W< "M JM:: formation.
(2. eKS^
(2. 92. Cost-Sharing
1/ T<U uSY }sU }T] 1/ Any Ethiopian student studying in a public
J u=I k (1 SW[ institution and who is not required to pay
KUI`~ TM = tuition fee pursuant to Article 91 of this
UI`~ uw U Proclamation shall contribute, in cash or in
uMKA 2=g [M::
service, to cover the cost of his education.
2/ u=I k <e k (1) 2/ The cost-sharing of higher education scheme
}SK}< } UI`
referred to in sub-article (1) of this Article
S^ Y` 2 Y`~ u>?<
T>Keu G<@ uT>>ea U` and the periodical review of the scheme shall
u? w SW[ TM:: be as prescribed by regulation of the Council
of Ministers.
(3. MKA
(3. MKA uK?KA 2=c eKT[ 93. Outsourcing of Services
1/ TM J c=- services to other providers as appropriate and
< c MKA whenever feasible.
uK?KA MKA pû= 2=c
K=[ LM::
2/ In outsourcing services, any public institution
2/ T K- and effective services and that the costs of
< }S J MKA KT- the services are fair and acceptable.
SL< T[ ùM::
(4. S_ p`x
(4. 94. Access to Land
Se vw vL< QA K=c=- Government may make the necessary land

available for use by institutions for the purposes
SW[ }sT KUI` KU`-
of their education, research and community-
U`% ; ; }v^
services operations in accordance with applicable
T T>eM< S_ K=c
LM:: laws and policies.
(5. L
(5. 95. Liability
1/ T<U c< =I U I 1/ Any person who fails to comply with the
KTeU < x provisions of this Proclamation or regulations
U SS] @ }LM or directives to be issued for the
} uQ SW[ N wN?` implementation of this Proclamation shall, in
M HL ùM:: accordance with the law, be civilly and
criminally liable.
2/ 2<p K< UI` Te[ dc< 2/ Any person who, without having acquired
2}c< eSeKA k[u T<U accredited diploma, presents forged diplomas
c< U <p LM}c< UI`
aÛ Te[ c U Hc
or any institution which issues diplomas for a
UI` Te[ c T<U c< programme that is not accredited shall, in
uQ SW[ NwN?` M accordance with the law, be civilly and
L ùM:: criminally liable.
(6. Sg] @
(6. 96. Transitory Provisions
1/ u l` 3)$1/09)(5 SW[
}c< pS 2<p 2<p 1/ Pre-accreditation and accreditation
n u=I SW[ 2}c< certificates issued under Proclamation No.
}`< q^K<:: 351/2003 shall be deemed to have been
issued in accordance with this Proclamation.
2/ u=I k <e k (1)
}< u=Ù' M }sT I 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article
u k e u S (1) of this Article, private institutions shall
>? <e u=I }< take adjustment measures to fully meet the
SY` S<K< uS<K< KTTEL requirements of this Proclamation within one
Te}" 2Ù S<c year from its effective date.
Kv<::
3/ Cases pending prior to the coming into force
3/ I S~ u S of this Proclamation shall be decided in
S\ LKl < u=I accordance with the provisions of this
@ SW[ cK<:: Proclamation.
(7. w SS] T< YM

(7. 97. Power to Issue Regulations and Directives
1/ T>>ea U` u? I 1/ The Council of Ministers may issue
KTeU T>eM< x regulations necessary for the implementation
K= LM:: of this Proclamation.
2/ T>>e\ I u=I k 2/ The Ministry may issue directives necessary
<e k (1) SW[ < for the implementation of this Proclamation
x KTeU T>eM< and regulations issued under sub-article (1)
SS] K= LM:: of this Article.
(8. }h\
(8. }h\ QA 98. Repeal
1/ } UI` l` 1/ The Higher Education Proclamation No.

3)$1/09)(5 u=I }ibM& 351/2003 is hereby repealed; provided
JU u SW[ < x however, that regulations and directives
SS] @ =I issued pursuant to it shall, in so far as they
@ ` T>S< 2eJ are consistent with the provisions of this
[e u=I SW[ uT>< Proclamation, remain in force until replaced
x SS] 2eT>}< [e by regulations and directives to be issued in
}T>< kLM:: accordance with this Proclamation.
2/ =I ` TS< QA' 2/ No law, regulations, directives or practices
x' SS] U c^` shall, in so far as they are inconsistent with
MU u=I u}SK~ < the provisions of this Proclamation, have
L }T> ^<U:: effect with respect to matters provided for by
this Proclamation.
(9. %
(9. 99. Effective Date
0 This Proclamation shall enter into force up on the

% % date of publication in the Federal Negarit Gazeta.
7 22 . Done at Addis Ababa, this 17th day of September, 2009
GR wLdgRgS GIRMA WOLDEGIORGIS
yxTe E KsE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL

pBlK PzNT DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

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yxTe E KsE pBlK

bxTe E KsE pBlK 15th Year No. 64

xJ q_R 6)$/21 .M Proclamation No. 650/2009

} UI` . 49)&6 Higher Education Proclamation Page 4976

WHEREAS, it has become necessary to lay down a

NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with

5/ "e}` c c^}" TK 5/ "administrative support staff" means

9/ "}sU" TK SY U M 9/ "institution" means a public or private higher

0/ "T>>e`" U "T>>e`" TK 10/ "Ministry" or "Minister" means the Ministry

01/ "c<" TK }a c< U 11/ "person" means a natural or juridical person;

3. }T> c 3. Scope of Application

1/ I u= <e uT>kdke 1/ This Proclamation shall apply to any

2/ =I k <e k (1) @ 2/ Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-article

4/ u]~ L L }Sc[} 4/ design and provide community and consultancy

<e M SECTION ONE

3/ vw L< =I @ 3/ Without prejudice to the provisions of this

4/ T<U }sU T>ssS<' T>K 4/ Any institution shall be established, changed or

6/ M }sU KTssU T>k`u< a 6/ The project for the establishment of a private

G) }sS< }v^ c& a) scope of activities;

K) }sS< T>KMv< w[ b) property and source of funding;

7/ The requirements for the establishment, change

7. }sT S] 2c? 7. Guiding Values of Institutions

3/ "T> }] uww` L 3/ competitiveness in scholarship and cooperation

4/ }sU }m `& 4/ institutional autonomy with accountability;

5/ d e}` Q uL& 5/ participatory governance and rule of law;

6/ I H& 6/ justice and fairness;

7/ S<e SM vIM& 7/ a culture of fighting corruption;

8/ ^ kM k MKA 8/ quality and speedy service delivery;

8. }sU HL 8. Responsibilities of Institutions

3/ uH^ <[ p Sc[ v 3/ undertake and encourage relevant study,

5/ u=I Sc[ <e x SS 5/ legislate and implement internal rules and

01/ u=I uTssT>< Q U 11/ discharge other responsibilities provided for in

9. eK}sU [ 9. Status of Institutions

0. eKUI` [ 10. Levels of Curriculum and Education

u=I eK}sT [ }< 2 Without prejudice to the provisions of this Proclamation

4/ Doctorate (PhD) Degree or its equivalent; or

S) uT>>e\ < H^ e} [ d) it has a curriculum that match the national

W) K?KA uT>>e\ }kS< e} e) it fulfills other minimum national standards

3/ %  3) The Ministry shall determine the university

02. >y`e+ K? [ eKSe 12. Granting the Status of a University College

3/ %  3) The Ministry shall determine the university

13. Granting the Status of a College

14. Granting the Status of an Institute

1/ u=e u UI` Se U 1/ be able to give education and training at least

1/ =I k 01 2 02 1/ Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 11 and

16. Academic Freedom

1/ Academic freedom shall be guaranteed for

17. Autonomy of Public Institutions

G) vw L< Y`} UI- a) develop and implement relevant curricula and

3/ T<U Se }sU ~ 3/ Every public institution shall exercise its

1/ Every institution shall have academic units

09. eKUI` a^V 19. Education Programmes

1/ u}K G<@ "M}ssS ue}k` 1/ Unless specifically established otherwise, the

20. Language of Instruction

!1. Y`} UI`

2/ T<U }sU UI` KA 2/ Every institution shall guide curricular

3/ }sT p e`} UI` 3/ Institutions shall have suitable framework

3/ ^ TMu Y`~ u}sS< 3/ The quality enhancement system shall be

5/ }sT ^ TMu eSM 5/ Institutions shall be responsible to give practical

6/ }s ^ TMu Y` 6/ Details on institutional systems of quality

7/ The Ministry, the Centre, and the Agency

1/ T<U }sU vw vL< - 1/ Every institution, through its relevant units

4/ }sT 2cL>~ UI` Se 4/ Institutions shall explore and establish as

3/ % 3) The Ministry shall determine the university

3/ % 3) The Ministry shall determine the university

1/ l% - 1/ Tenured employment of academic staff shall