Mooule 1.

1 Arithmetic
Mean, Median, Mode and Range
Definitions
The Mean, Median and Mode of a set of numbers are three types of average" of the
set. However, the Mean is the term most commonly taken as the average.

Mean: The sum of a set of data divided by

the number of data

Median: The middle value or the mean of

the middle two values, when the
data is arranged in numerical order.

Mode: The value (number) that appears the

most. It is possible to have more than one
mode, and it is possible to have no mode.

Calculating Mean
To find the mean, you need to add up all the data, and then divide this total by the
number of values in the data.

Example 1: Find the Mean of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

Adding the numbers up gives: 2 + 2 + 3 + 5 + 5 + 7 + 8 = 32

There are 7 values, so you divide the total by 7: 32 + 7 =

4.57... So the mean is 4.57 (2 d.p.)

Example 2: Find the Mean of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

Adding the numbers up gives: 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 7 = 25

There are 6 values, so you divide the total by 6: 25 + 6 =

4.33... So the mean is 4.33 (2 d.p.)

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Calculating Median
To find the median, you need to put the values in order, then find the middle value. If there
are two values in the middle, then you find the mean of these two values.

Example 1: Find the median of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

The numbers in order: 2 , 2 , 3 , (5) , 5 , 7 , 8

The middle value is marked in brackets, and it is 5.

So the median is 5

Example 2: Find the median of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The numbers in order: 2 , 3 , (3 , 4) , 6 , 7

This time there are two values in the middle. They have been put in brackets. The median is
found by calculating the mean of these two values: (3 + 4) + 2 = 3.5

So the median is 3.5

Calculating Mode
The mode is the value which appears the most often in the data. It is possible to have
more than one mode if there is more than one value which appears the most.

Example 1: Find the mode of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

The data values: 2,2,3,5,5,7,8

The values which appear most often are 2 and 5. They both appear more time than any of
the other data values.

So the modes are 2 and 5

Example 2: Find the mode of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The data values: 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7

This time there is only one value which appears most often - the number 3. It appears
more times than any of the other data values.

So the mode is 3.

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Arithmetic
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Calculating Range
To find the range, you first need to find the lowest and highest values in the data. The
range is found by subtracting the lowest value from the highest value.

Example 1: Find the range of 2, 2, 3, 5, 5, 7, 8

The data values: 2 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 5 , 7 , 8

The lowest value is 2 and the highest value is 8. Subtracting the lowest from the highest gives:
8-2=6

So the range is 6

Example 2: Find the range of 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7

The data values: 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7

The lowest value is 2 and the highest value is 7. Subtracting the lowest from the
highest gives:...7 - 2 = 5

So the range is 5

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Worksheet

A data set contains these 12 values: 3, 5, 9, 4, 5, 11, 10, 5, 7, 7, 8, 10

(a) What is the mean?

(b) What is the median?
(c) What is the mode?
(d) What is the range?

2 Calculate the mean, median, mode and range for each set of data below:

(a) 3, 6, 3, 7, 4, 3, 9
(b) 11, 10, 12, 12, 9, 10, 14, 12, 9
(c) 2, 9, 7, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 9

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Answers

I (a) 7 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 8

2 (a) Mean = 5
Median =
4 Mode =
3 Range =
6

(b) Mean = 11
Median = 11
Mode = 12
Range = 5

Mean = 5.5
Median = 5
Mode = 5
Range = 7

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Angles
Definitions and Conversions
We can specify an angle by using a point on each ray and the vertex. The angle below may be
specified as angle ABC or as angle CBA; you may also see this written as
ABC or as CBA. Note how the vertex point is always given in the middle.

B
Example:

Many different names exist for the same angle. For the angle below, PBC, PBW, CBP,
and WBA are all names for the same angle.

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Degrees and Radians: Measuring Angles
We measure the size of an angle using degrees. We can also use radians to measure angles.

There are 2ff radians in 36 O

The radius of a circle fits around the circumference 6.28 (or 2Ir) times. 1 radian = 57.3 degrees.
To convert from degrees to radians, x 21a where n is the number of
use degrees 3.

Note: Degrees can be further subdivided into minutes and

seconds. 60 seconds = 1 minute

60 minutes = 1 degree

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