PRINCIPLES OF FAILURE ANALYSIS Course Assessments Note: Assossment bookie inludes exams for lessons $ though 7 and the na examination Exams forlassons trough 18 can be found at te fend of tha nail Sot @D_ ~ course ass: LY ‘Assessments EEcoppigo202 > Antero? ‘Age reene! Nop ofthis enzo may beets syst tase any or yay mes lero mechanic, soning, ogo vie, Wout he wren fermi fe OPIN Geeta i tan he con ad rods is on tet sol mde a at NO WAR [RANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF MER. [CHANTABILETY OR FINESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE GIVEN Ie CONNECTION WITH {TIS PUBLICATION. Atop sma tsleved e acane by ASM, ASM anc eae at Saal us wl bad fom th we opto aloe Tei ulin simende ow vos avn i hl at ele dare anes Sich cons cf rc rl ee (de of AS con, ASM anes 0 ty ogo ncn with wef rn ‘Novant ny Link wher orc rine hip, nd wr ed ‘geet be peer in amount une pce po is feat e pan i esp whch ‘Sera ite THE REMEDY HEREDY PROVIDED SHALL BE THE EXCLUSIVE AND SOLE REMEDY (OF BUYER, AND IN NO EVENT SHALL EITHER PARTY BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL. INDIRECT OR ‘CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHETHER O8 NOT CAUSED BY OR RESULTING FROM THE NEGLI- [GENCE OF SUCH PARTY. As with ny mal enn othe mae ner ent ons fe 1 ‘pst ental There wing ir lc roe. Non conta a hen al cone x rt fy pt of manatee oe ‘em nce why mato, ecm, spat, dt, cng sie, bab ve ‘yet pe apy orien ol ming Smee te sl oman a ese sey aed ingen tes ap cada, Stee pinay och inenemen. AM nuendo? re at OW 073002Acknowledgements: Course Revisors ‘Roy Baguey, PRD, FASM. PACCAR Techn! Cote William 7 Becker PRD. ‘Coosa Dennis MeGamy FTUSEA Conelang Ronald) Parngon 14k Test Lab soporte ‘Reted Recut ‘Technical Advisor Technical Reviewers ‘Dod N Frac ay D: Haake ‘Willan’: Kaa ‘Arn Kuna, PRD. Melggre Loui, PhD. PASM ‘Keane F ack: PLD. PASM. ‘Rote B, Pod, Ir PD. “anes Soot ‘Sharam Seyary, PRD, "Reb Shipley. PE- "Tomas Sgn ‘Googe. These Course Procreator Donald. Wap. FASM. ‘Metauia Consultant @ Project Coordinators an: DagthLYS 5 RE, General Procedures for Failure Analysis Principles af Flare Anlst > Course 0331 Lesson 1,Test SeriesA< Names Reghstration Number. ASM ID Nomber: Peete smarter Bor Dit (Ono anoer cor ad ech ‘question ha a ale of TO pois) 1. Crp and sts flrs can generally be eso by (a) cheven makings (@) aamulipcy ofierramalar cals, (© lae dimples (©) absence of rep vid 2. Hydrogen enbidement mot tel to cccaria els (A) ons fete grin ound. (when hey ae uly sna. (© with ena stengh exceeding 1240 MP (180, (©) with very low ero cotet 2. With hit, a ect, he don of rack promt eft indict on the frat sa by (A) ebowon puters (clockwise gro of socondary cocks. (©) degree ct sa. (©) depe of fates. @2» Cours 0351 Lesson Test Sores A ‘Us nfrmation reading chemi composition frac comsuet canbe vided by (A) gama ay examin 1B) iran tciigees () resceat encoun (D) sry spoctomees An eleson micron frase of cle meal facta fr ese ove res pial shows (a) cared imps. (@) free with clewage fits, () elongated des (D) afrcawe wit siaions Scaming electron microscopes (SEMS) ae osfil in fracograpy, especialy este they pm (8) elite magitcnion (B) itso esoaon beer tha 10 agsroms (1 ansron = 10°F). (©) ect examination of the mel acre surace. (©) iret examin of etsy mncondoctve suas, Maca iperfactons cased fom processing of met an loys re mot pos- ‘ly dead by: (A) cena sing (@) sunlysis of metallographic sections. (© harnessing. ©) chemical nay, ually the most important yc of an faire assis of rate iste: (a) eset (@) chemical say. (© serosa examinsion (©) macosopc examination fhe facta sures. ‘Be rates aren mere difcal nay than date fractures case: (A) there ae a lage nme of pose mechanisas of fact. (@) they may be cord. (© aioe factures have no goss defomato inthe ftp region. (©) ose fctres ee more commen, ‘eat om any source mst ek may from ric repos esas eat: (A) sy evaporated onthe sre, () ‘ay fect the proper and mirostrctr of the etal (©) camcaas everett the snl. () ny change te clr ofthe etl sutacesNy Types of Failure and Stress Palacios of Fallre Analysis > Course 0331 Lesson 2,Test Series < * Name: Reglatraton Number: ASMID Number Place the appropriate liter A,B,C, or D) inthe bx. (Only ane answers comec, and each ‘question ha value of 10 pots) 1. wef definition of miei eect for ire anaes (A) msl impefvton tht is iked to the fale by a lest mere th Topical aes base on ta (©) aera (© animpuity inthe mel suchas slide inlsion (©) aprocessing dscotimty sch forging ap. Cott sree in tng equip sich a gears and bering feqently reat tn wear ht sare of sera crack nition ease (A) the maximum tele sess is subsurface in contact plications {@) the masiman shea ress is obra moet apes (© te con rene are hphor below he ste (D) she rsd sess fom hrening ae higher a he suc ofthe par, | Theol of ses hat wl case fcr dt ten ai ating in compo ent of uiferm elnral cos secon ease oped fan fate duet (a) ending srses rife everywhere the component. (@) tere ese oe very larg. (© sia suss vais rm coe tse (©) theses is fom everywhere inthe aly loaded ira component2» Course 033 Lesson 2 Tet Series A 4 1, ‘Te major mata prpeny that conto clings (yal sent (@) elastic modus. © boos, ©) saci. Aron srice of a plat chet raily so that compressive ying ‘ecu and he its ook the nl sae sk (A) ito so that itis omnes nthe Sure thd ees hee (8) eu the orignal Msp, (© reminded nthe se discon st when as at. () iste so hat is encase hat a bee eed ‘Single overload rc ofa se etl haf deo tsonl loading wil cae Inet (A) wansvese tthe shat (pall tothe satis (©) 4S wie shat ais {) ser necking down, Abighalloy depron self reaively smal ize mpily quenched ser fnoeting, After Coking Hel (a) arden aly the fice. (@) tarde aly inthe interior (6) comes, ©) omek Ale ciclo ing has compressive resi stress inte ccumfeeti (hoop) eco, When ct witha sam Bnd ral ein, te ings ely: (ope up when tesa Sinise cain. @) otchange shape. (© closely jamming the saw Made (©) sane during cong Ast sone in pare torsion haa en res. 5 he (A) 90" othe sha ais, @) paral oh sat i, © 48 woe datas (©) savin at be cone, ‘ong thin-walled pres veel way tends o fact frm eXcsie pe ‘re The droton ofthe act woul et (A) atoneend (@) Sreumfrntly (©) inte shear ses deta {i the longi dein.& Day Ductile and Brittle Fracture Principles of Fare Analyse > Course 0331 Lesson 3,Test Series A << ‘Regltration Number ASM ID Number: lace the appropriate leter (A,B,C, oF D) inthe bs. (Only ome answer i correc, and each ‘question hat a Ylue of 10 points} 1. A ese specimen that shows a fact with chara “cup ad cone” fea tars woul ae thes fetes esting oa (9 scking arth ten strength exceeded (@) ‘eckng droge elt portion of the et (©) necking tthe ied sgt, (©) cleavage ding yedig. 2. Brite fractue in ues snes tel may be aed by: (9) sence ta tmperatre below te dace trite aston temperance, LI (B) tydrogenembitement (©) microvoid coalescence. (D) slat deformaion 3. A fom of tase racking inthe estat 298 of «sel weldment in [—] ‘ich the sess atin the shoreansvers ection tat he enskropraion ‘sons in tbe lng and loop nsere directo sd (A) tydrogenindced ecking ®) gas pars (© lamar erin (©) incomplete fasion2» Cours 0831 Lesson 9, Tort Series A ‘racking of deep hardening ses peal cased by resid resend in {besurace by temperature gait and oaslomation of aut men ‘The ype of sues dacmed to be mot bjcorbl in th pst ie (9) longi tensile ses. (8) ciunfrentl ens ses. {(C) naan ses (©) rail compressive ses “Tero enperatr ebinlnen! ce somly found in net el ein from Ferman of a Honcho pase when hese sel el fr one ine ar clove temperature ened as (A) apa a pase. (@) gamma pase (©) bea pase (©) sigma (ose In abet fracture suave, a network of lenage sepsis describe by which the folonng athe macroscle? (8) Annem pate. (@) Ariverpater. (© Acheron ptr, (©) Behn ‘Wen an lo is by dst vera in eso, he ractare rfice igh ma. ‘ication vil ei 0) cewage (@) nigh pring erst, (© sheodenaton ofthe otig. (©) theguity of theReatreament ‘Wen «components ned the relive magni of ser ad normal eset vil detemine wheter the mit wil ad (A) fst or deform. (@) sto tasgranula or negra fracte (© sto large or smal inp. (©) sto ser ines anor bea ss ‘An environmental suse of embritenet fen found in vaio tp of an ‘tons Towa steel (A) temper embritement, (@) quench age embeitenent (©) sresscurosion racking. () signa pase enbrtienent 1s imporant w specify whee a desceipion of fate sue isa he mcrae or croncale bv! (A) mrs actograpy ete mos important. () its pose to have «mica ducle acta that apps it the merece (©) marscalefactoprapy mos import (©) people who reat flue nays reports may ot know the dfrence betwen ttle nd ite fect.& od Fatigue Failures Principles of alle Analyse > Course 0331 Lesson 4,Test Series A+ Name: ‘egstration Namber: ASM ID Number: Place the appropriate ltr (A.B, C,orD) Inthe Box. (Only one answers cone, and each ‘question has Value of 10 pont) 1, Steines door at change wit (a) ses ee (B) cack geometry (©) partshape (D) crore 2. For sought mata, he ont of faige-ackpropapton can sometimes he ened with hemor ealyebtibed monotonic dat or (8) bars. ®) yield sweagt (© dace dimple siz. ©) ease modus 2A plot ares ampli vers yee tei decid (A) loading tegen ta. (sve apo (©) as.¥earve (D) acomston ft cha for sfceowghes.2 Course 851 Lesson 4 Tot Sole A “The aio of owo speed aves vale in agus aves yee is calle (8) Paison rat, (©) etapa at, (© temas appli ees, (©) essen. ‘Asa generl rete fst produced by low-res faigue ss (A) vey rough thei se, (8) Strout ein se © tat (©) progressively smooter asthe rack propagates, ‘Wes fase ractr sfces of ie gained softer miter ess ha 50 HRC) ‘xe cumied hgh magalcaton ser oomrtenperareteving, fem fre: (gel ound re ead (9) cewape plane. () aigue sistas. (© inerrant wis (©) tenguee, Highele igo facts wil ave no visual efrmatio in he fig area sae (A) comion wil nerese he fie rate () themimam ses i ot excol the ese srengh (©) tetatgu limit was ot exceeded (D) themaximam ses did not exc! he yield stent ‘To reve hat lating operations rom impsrng aigue bear ofthe compo ‘eon rea is: (A) ple nly on rough sce. (8) pete prs in ai befor plating. (©) sho pce basemetlsurace before plang, (©) pte only ground sce. Laboratory fatigue ests that stem to pedi perfomance of mschine omponens ‘api oneret bcase: (A) sence emprates dificult to know with cea. (B) the cris prow by cleavage (©) ite itict to reproduce many serie Jong speci in the borat (©) the crs pow by interna act Fags cack growth rats canbe roid bse on a og-og liner relie- ship dig: (A) the inal stages ofc prom (@) the fal stages of eck growth, (©) imple sz, (D) inter sages of rack growth om& ra Wear Failures Princplos of Fale Analysis > Course 0331 Lesson 5, Test Series A Name ‘Registration Number: ASM ID Number: Place the appropriate letter (A B,C, D)in the bos. (Only ne answer correct, and each ‘question has a alc of 10 points) 1. Ina wearfi nays clues tothe wear mechani canbe found by examining the (8) eairomet incloing Invicta wear dis (B) barnes of te worn pc, (© scroarucane of te wor pa. (©) composion ofthe wor par 2, When sli lian reused iis aly case of ti aby wo rein a> iy (A) nine endronments (@) using eqasue w leat ays (© seevtd tempera (©) when one component is anne 2. When the shige and elaive motion ofthe sliding surfaces case formation of & id hing sien press o spr the sre the mode of eon (A) byeodyaanie. @) boundary, (©) trout. (©) Binsin,2» Course 0551 Leon 5, Toe Sree A 4 Tn bec sts th presence of et coloration rang mars is pot indcaton of: (A) contaminate ian, ) llsaraton| (C) insuicient hades in mating pars (D) sigh veo tent ‘When to met surfaces side agains ech her andr posure, the 1p of West erste. @) exosvecenosive, (©) coneive (©) aatesie ‘nan accurate nls Wear arin ton tthe worn sacs a oper lng eavicament, on of the temo soure of eee (A) nso npr of the worn meta () coset of ton ofthe aca (©) wear dees (D) viscoiyof he Wbian, Most suse rigin olin conta gfe xgnat in regions of (A) combined ong pus ing. (8) bigher nice veo (©) eo sutace veo (©) bad bia, Roling contact itis a speci ype of surface damage cased by (9) exceive sunt of dit @) aggresive eovinenent, (© tighiscosiy bicuns (©) bigheyoe contact somes “Te diapacemet of mati fom sce from cots wth ad projections on mating sre s known as: (A) breain @) abrasive wear (© eavtaton erin. ©) galing “Te aiesive wear osu most often wn: (A) coming stacey ances. ) cnccoocing sac is noone © viscosity of be bicants tw ow. (©) We tics tecomes comoMay en rac Corrosion Failures Principles of Flare Analysis > Course 0331 Lesson 6, Test Series A 4 Registration Number: ASM ID Number lace the appropriate ltr (A B,C, D) in the bo. (Only one answer is cornet, and each ‘question hat ava of 10 points) 1. emely rap galvanic utc a tak acted of sites tel and cation steel woud onur witha rea inan erga proce coating ithe presence of as ese Beane (A) econ exon ses cao. (8) teeaclye is a gh pai (©) thesuils sels aod (©) ecade ose roe vftorbe 2, ‘The spl snd ns common fore of carexon of meas (A) esac son ping (©) for chemical aack (D) selec tack 4 Mhecomosion ate of owsy se in seater general icreses the (29 water becme sng. (B) eater velo ices (0) eater velo deceses. (D) chroma cote isnot above 11,2» Course 0831 Lesson 6 oat Sree A Pefretldsluton of gri-boundry pases with ile o no tack on te sta by fhe ris scale (a) steve escin. (@) nom canon. © crc csc, (itera corso, revce oson fen promoted in ein het ransfer faces wh: (9) temperate direc is soul (B) tick depose ar foes (© expo condenntion rf, (©) onc snface becomes pats, “The patie of imposing an exer potenti on sertin meta to make thm a cecal (8) sae prtctin @) pasivtion, (©) chemical conversion costing. (©) sacs potion. ‘A fire proces in which util tne suesses and chemical atack combine {ores one a popagate fac in a metal pats call (9) cai erosion. (8) sres-corsonccking (© comoson fue. (©) impingement comosion, ‘Swept ses corson cracking i ener ei (A) bighpuniy mets (B) commer als (©) mas bang cours rain ie. (©) avs ese in the hotranvee ition A severe orn of rosin cooson sof calle (A) iting coon. (@) ‘pings consi, (© sonmifor carson ©) crevice corsize ‘type of conseton sll corsin that devlos a joint Between metic ‘Suze ce beten small anda aonmetali rac cll (9) eo coneion (8) irra orsin. (©) crevice comsion (D) seaagrantrcarsin.Elevated-Temperature Failures Principles of Fllre Analysis > Course 0331 Lesson 7,Test Series A lace the appropriate lene (A. B,C, D) in the box. (Only ome answer sconce and each ‘question haa value of 10 points.) 1. Te most imporan sure of tte empert fei (a) eviremental degradation of te mate Lt (@) chromium épeton, (©) fomation of pase (©) sboormaleqicobesivetnston Tho tye of each oct in sts ape depends on emperatie a (8) grin sin ofthe mea a) (@) carton cote ofthe met (© senile sength at oom tener, 4 The most acelin proces method for masuing unwed caerzton sen alloys (A) ares tig @) we of fraograpic etnies (© x1 iain. (©) ‘measurement of sanges in magnetic pemesbily.2» Course 051 Lesson 7, Tet Series A 4 ‘Sess, ims, tener, nd enviroment may change the metalic sete alos ding sevice Sach ange ae cal A) sess uses @) expansn conan lect. (©) alowopic eee (©) mesic insbes, en tat Sema gan wile «ini ns pte (A) ented temperate fie, (B) teriny ene. (© sera gue, (D) sess rue typ ofcosting tats pli othe suc nds povied aslo for some tame bles of high eagerate aly ie a oxzing mosphere (A) stamina xi, @) avoaiua. (© smaluninde ype of nice suminum cr enttaluniaun. ©) weet During expos to leat tegrated set the wasn fom wansrane- lar ftire oneal actor ey cal (A) veri (chrono cide precipita, (©) recy, ©) the eqcobesve ransiion ‘Secon o scone cep icant by (A) changes such serstalizaton ude oad (8) const, tlie low repre (© increasing eat xeon ©) tracer. “The formation of © ps in sent ih temperate aye: (A) docs notscem to ve x nivel ba etn ses rate fr alloys. (@) increnes tu elongation (© aways imps susp bev for al ys (©) suengten all nickel base alloy at elevate temperate “Tent, thine crop i character: (A) econstunt but sow eof ep (@) sm djrient within the metal which occur he ist ew! momen (© increasing at of extension and fate. () etelaively Ma seansine curve& AEE Final Examination Principles of Fallare Analysis > Course 0331, Test Series A < : Name ‘Registration Number: ASM ID Number Place the appropriate eer (A,B,C; Dn the box. (Only one answer i correct and each (question has a vale of 25 pols) 1 mos insane, the mot import single kp inthe ivetpaion of act rt ce sea (A) temic! lysis fea component. @) meallogeptic examination, (© terough macroscopic nl tamination fhe race suze a acnt (©) dares eave esting Fracture surfaces and ction tobe examined mllogiically mst be kt (A) they can ba he and ifthe coo (beat may change he mirostcte and met oper, (©) deena xksion may ocurif prs ae heated. {@) thermal figve may ease more cracking if pars a ote ot Ate eed say of acres, tay be desable w cut mtographie Specimens or (8) Ge factre-crign ein, (@) adjacent to, ad emoved fom the fact surface (© any locaton inte pr (D) several ices fom the cgi aon,2» Cours 0331, Tot Saris & “4 Conroe anti of onsen column may be preveted by (A) eat eating ash strength and bares eve (desing curso bonds iat the column tat itis ot stright. (©) decreasing the mods of esti of the met. () rod the eng diameter rio the enum, ', Residual ets in quenced cylinders fer quenching: (a) are avy tment onlin! ction a the sure (@) av atvas compressive the lepitodinal det at tesa (©) canbe ete ene o compres nthe fn rein on the Su fe. (D) cane determine hy hardness sins 6. Thefolloing isliely nrtpromotquenshcreking of sts ding queeching? (A) Sighatoy coment. (@) soul ati gin sie (© ih tech seve (©) Bighcaroo cae 11. Wen fracture oc due 0 shear oc, the longed desc the machine frost aes anys pane (A nop dest, {@) toward he rg, (©) in thesane dein @) eve fon ocr 1. Aset prt quested and iempeel to ahs of HRC 45 and then clecroplated, [site tact soe afer resing fom: (A) sues-consion cracking 1B) temperembitemen, (©) stninage emrionent, (©) bydogen enbitemen, 9. The fundamental mechason fori actus (8) imergamaa (@) ‘aigue sian, © ckaage ©) dimplerpe. 10. On guest sac, each nda statin represents (A) tet te fap crack at given pit in ine daring esting or sevice (8) snistarpin ibe sevice of te pa ©) the prise location ofthe oiin of face, {D) astess concentration onthe rte surface. a1, Repdive beating and cotng ofthe sure fa estalned met pu my ed (A) thermal conznson (B) theoalexpusion () steal fatigue caking (D) ascep dermal gain 12, When stying 2 ued and dead facture surface wo idetiy ei ¥.oan nic edn he folowing wl visa ety eyeing: (a) beach mrs (B) raed ms, (©) Sead eins cathe tacts. (D) smicrid coalsonce. 13, The n'stoohpispe isa useful onepin povding long srvice eso: (A) dened ste shat (@) Raterng ad pounding toe (© cain cating ls, (©) teeth eran bell ours 14 toting stat soporte by fal ol in at any spon itis in he (A) latory ebeton mode (@) tndroynanicabcaion moe (© bwadary ubcaion mode. ° (©) yoni etion moe 15. Combined rolingsdlag suesing i chrartesic of contesting on evi Ide (A) tition roller bearings. ©) stat (© peace, (© sling essing. 16. Tis coinaton my en pricy agaesve rate of comin atk (A) age node a a ge code, (8) luge etode sn smal aot (© small cade and age anode, () asl cathode anda sal nse 17, Phting cnosion nae of to similar mtalsinan estos isa example of (9) ganic corosion. (@) wnfom caraion {© impingement coro, {D) eric coroson,4» course 0331 Tort Serfos A 18, Tensile residual eres in the sre of prt sense nirament may ead (A) sesecomonion ching @) conson fg. (© wifom carson ©) paiva eorosca, 19, An equiitciam condom of sua st inrease of stain oer along pecod of ‘ine acon ses expert (A) vot tl for ening (8) primary ep. (©) ssomdary cep (> sess rope 201 Changes whic cca in tlle micosuctares ding sevice de ose, ime eperswe and evonmet a cals (a) sda sess, (@) eel age (©) tania ital, ©) smeserpue. 2, Shrinkage cavities in caings ly end to for: (in athin scone eating (@) ste sure of the cst. (© atte ls locaton soli ws the thickest section (©) stefan sli, usualy te dhinnet sect. 22. Mary spooth-wallel spi cvites inside casting oe weldment ae anni tion of (A) sinkage pars @) ps psi (©) bih resales () bores. 2%, Overbeing ofa metal may case incipient meng cr “bunag” at the grin (a) can becomste by reheat teats, (8) snot damsping conde (© canbedeteed easy by visu tamination, (D) canot be corey anh means 24. A stl plate witha composon of 030% C, 0.72% Ma, 040% Cr, nd 0.12% Mo has carbon ual a) osm. © oa. © 0398. © oz.‘The pati tbe pevoas question shoul be teat to prevent wel cracking by: a1 Course 058, Tost eros 5 (A) prckeaing the meal (B) probes the mea. (©) sovmaal ae welding (D) beveling the edges tobe weld. In bring of sini ets and rome est existing alloy, cracking may ressit fom: (a) thea fie (@) sreecoroson cracking. (© sasporsty (©) luteal entitlement Criotng damage inh tos canbe easly detect by (A) visu examination. @) hares tne (© tuigue sing (©) rato etching testmigus epee hrm ses often lenin to hema ge problem in (A) metanting tos (@) cavities fdas de. © cobbworing ols. (©) cabie sie. Hos oging des ar most kl fal om (A) ie awe @) Sige acta (© uct ere. () excesive wea Single overload tron ect of «sel shaft of HR 30 bards sly (9) onauannvene pine, perpendicular tthe sha ais. (8) onalongucial ple parallel othe basis. (©) parle ote pain ow. (©) othe staan Altipogh hats may be ject ta variety of lands a well ato wide ange of “envivemeat condor, te mos common cae of hal fi ) weer (@) comoicn (© hazed overeating (©) fugue cere,Course 0881, Test eros A 52. A rotational ending gu acre rgintng ina sharp core round shat is ‘hay have (A) fcr 4" wth sa as (8) very lng serie fe. (©) robes fact suices () face pai othe shalt as, 5, Exenielavesigaon have shown ht he mos commen mode of ear fe is sone for of (9) comin (B) bend tangue. (© impact acre, (©) surface eteiration of he ear eth “M4. Beating -faigue facts on gear teh usualy: (A) inate the roo file (®) indicate sock loading i the Serie ser. (©) rol fm geting damage inthe ron. (©) iit fom quench craks ia he ots 235. A sen poten ht fen contrite opal i (A) tooth acon io, (@) excene ones of tooth ip. (© two igh presse ange. (©) ‘fore locaton ofl ole ‘Am inadoqmlyheoot tot and mut assembly can ease: (A) single reco facture ofthe bal (@) corso unde the bl heat. (© nique act of he bot. (©) loosens of he ut [51 Theil case file of seam goers and relied opment (A) poor design (@) poorftrction (©) overeating in open, ©) consin figs 5% A ticktp fracture of ruptured abe ins oiler indies athe metal (A) was quite dct the opening temperate, (@) ad ecome envied a the eperaing emer. (©) hadafaigue acts {D) bd ee comaCourse 0881 Test Soe A 4 7 59, Exe weg in icin of pes ves un resi ig et results in failures from: Pini eae oO (a) exces dint wld (3) ping es oo aot (©) wetina nid ort {D) nef coutel of wll npston 40. Rind hin-valled pressure vessels sujet to repedve ressization can ne agus cls that oft: (A) pepeniclarto he in of et oes (B) athe end ofthe pressure ves (©) atte cdgesofite vet oles (D) ata angle tw he xis of the pressure ese