RECENT TRENDS

3G communication

Authors

S.Mohan [1] H.Praveen Kumar [2]

S.Mohan
Second year /computer science
Saraswathi Velu college of Engineering
Sholinghur.
gokulece@yahoo.com

H.Praveen Kumar
Second year/computer science
Saraswathi Velu college of Engineering
Sholinghur.
praveenrpcg@gmail.com

Abstract

3G (Third Generation) is the latest wireless

technology. It is also known as UMTS
(Universal Mobile Telecommunications
System), an improvement over 2G (Second
Generation) providing wireless access to the
data and information to the users from any
where and anytime. It is the latest mobile
technology and in fact it is described by
Cellular (2004) as being a generic name for
the host of mobile technologies.
technologies.
3G cellular phones were first launched in Japan in
October 2001. This 3G phone was designed so users
would be able to surf the Internet, view pictures of the
people they are talking to, watch movies and listen to
music on their handsets .
Evolution from 2G

G networks were built mainly for voice services and

INTRODUCTION
3G (Third Generation) is the latest wireless technology.
It is also known as UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System), an improvement over 2G
(Second Generation) providing wireless access to the
data and information to the users from any where and
anytime. It is the latest mobile technology and in fact it
is describe by Cellular (2004) as being a generic name
for the host of mobile
slow data transmission.
From 2G to 2.5G
The first major step in the evolution to 3G occurred with
the introduction of General Packet Radio Service
(GPRS). So the cellular services combined with GPRS
became' 2.5G.'GPRS could provide data rates from 56
kbit/s up to 114 kbit/s. It can be used for services such
as Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) access,
Multimedia Messaging Service for Japan on October 1, 2001, although it was initially
somewhat limited in scope;[8][9] broader availability was
delayed by apparent concerns over reliability.[10] The
second network to go commercially live was by SK
Telecom in South Korea on the 1xEV-DO technology in
January 2002. By May 2002 the second South Korean
3G network was by KTF on EV-DO and thus the
Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G
operators.

The first European pre-commercial network was at the

Isle of Man by Manx Telecom, the operator then owned
by British Telecom, and the first commercial network in
er
Europe was opened for business by Telenor in
net communication services such as email and World
December 2001 with no commercial handsets and thus
Wide Web access. GPRS data transfer is typically
no paying customers. These were both on the W-CDMA
charged per megabyte of traffic transferred, while data
technology.
communication via traditional circuit switching is billed
per minute of connection time, independent of whether
the user actually is utilizing the capacity or is in an idle The first commercial United States 3G network was by
state. Monet Mobile Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO
technology, but this network provider later shut down
operations. The second 3G network operator in the USA
From 2.5G to 2.75G (EDGE)
was Verizon Wireless in October 2003 also on
CDMA2000 1x EV-DO, and this network has grown
GPRS networks evolved to EDGE networks with the strongly since then.
introduction of 8PSK encoding. Enhanced Data rates for
GSM Evolution (EDGE), Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), or The first pre-commercial demonstration network in the
IMT Single Carrier (IMT-SC) is a backward-compatible southern hemisphere was built in Adelaide, South
digital mobile phone technology that allows improved Australia by m.Net Corporation in February 2002 using
data transmission rates, as an extension on top of UMTS on 2100 MHz. This was a demonstration
standard GSM. EDGE can be considered a 3G radio network for the 2002 IT World Congress. The first
technology and is part of ITU's 3G definition, but is commercial 3G network was launched by Hutchison
most frequently referred to as 2.75G. EDGE was Telecommunications branded as three in March 2003.
deployed on GSM networks beginning in 2003—
initially by Cingular (now AT&T) in the United States.
In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in
40 countries and 154 HSDPA networks were operating
EDGE is standardized by 3GPP as part of the GSM in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile
family, and it is an upgrade that provides a potential Suppliers Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada
three-fold increase in capacity of GSM/GPRS networks. and the USA, telecommunication companies use W-
The specification achieves higher data-rates by CDMA technology with the support of around 100
switching to more sophisticated methods of coding terminal designs to operate 3G mobile networks.
(8PSK), within existing GSM timeslots. EDGE can be
used for any packet switch
In Europe, mass market commercial 3G services were
introduced starting in March 2003 by 3 (Part of
History of 3g Hutchison Whampoa) in the UK and Italy. The
European Union Council suggested
The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by
NTT DoCoMo in Japan branded FOMA, in May 2001
on a pre-release of W-CDMA technology.[7] The first
commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in

3G operators should cover 80% of the European
national populations by the end of 2005.
Roll-out of 3G networks was delayed in some countries
by the enormous costs of additional spectrum licensing
fees. (See Telecoms crash.) In many countries, 3G
networks do not use the same radio frequencies as 2G,
so mobile operators must build entirely new networks
and license entirely new frequencies; an exception is the
United States where carriers operate 3G service in the
same frequencies as other services. The license fees in
some European countries were particularly high,
bolstered by government auctions of a limited number
of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial
excitement over 3G's potential. Other delays were due
to the expenses of upgrading equipment for the new
systems.
By June 2007 the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been
connected. Out of 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions
worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where 3G
was launched first - Japan and South Korea - 3G
penetration is over 70%.[11] In Europe the leading
country is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated
to 3G. Other leading countries by 3G migrations include
UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 20%
migration level. A confusing statistic is counting
CDMA 2000 1x RTT customers as if they were 3G
customers. If using this definition, then the total 3G
subscriber base would be 475 million at June 2007 and
15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.
Still several developing countries such as Indonesia
have not awarded 3G licenses and customers await 3G
services. China delayed its decisions on 3G for many
years, mainly because of their Government's delay in
establishing well defined standards.[12] China announced
in May 2008, that the telecoms sector was re-organized
and three 3G networks would be allocated so that the
largest mobile operator, China Mobile, would retain its
GSM customer base. China Unicom would retain its
GSM customer base but relinquish its CDMA2000
customer base, and launch 3G on the globally leading
WCDMA (UMTS) standard. The CDMA2000
customers of China Unicom would go to China
Telecom, which would then launch 3G on the CDMA
1x EV-DO standard. This meant that China would have
all three main cellular technology 3G standards in
commercial use. Finally in January 2009, Ministry of
industry and Information Technology of China has
awarded licenses of all three standards，TD-SCDMA to
China Mobile, WCDMA to China Unicom and
CDMA2000 to China Telecom.
In November 2008, Turkey has auctioned four IMT
2000/UMTS standard 3G licenses with 45, 40, 35 and
25 MHz top frequencies. Turkcell has won the 45MHz
band with its €358 million offer followed by Vodafone
and Aveda leasing the 40 and 35MHz frequencies
respectively for 20 years. The 25MHz top frequency
license remains to be auctioned.
The first African use of 3G technologies was a 3G
videocall made in Johannesburg on the Vodacom
network in November 2004. The first commercial
launch of 3G in Africa was by EMTEL in Mauritius on
the W-CDMA standard. In North African Morocco in
late March 2006, a 3G service was provided by the new
company Wana.
Telus first introduced 3G services in Canada in 2005.
Rogers Wireless began implementing 3G HSDPA
services in eastern Canada early 2007 in the form of
Rogers Vision. Fido Solutions and Rogers Wireless now
offer 3G service in most urban centres.
T-Mobile, a major Telecommunication services
provider has recently rolled out a list of over 120 U.S.
cities which will be provided with 3G Network
coverage in the year 2009.[13] M/AAL2 or IP/RTP.
In 2008, India entered into 3G Mobile arena with the
launch of 3G enabled Mobile services by Mahanagar
Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL). MTNL is the first
Mobile operator in India to launch 3G services.

Advantage of 3g

You can perform all those functions that you

perform at present with your mobile devices but at
much higher speed than before. It provides you
with faster connectivity, faster internet access, and Y
music entertainment with improved quality. The ou can use your favourite search engines to find
benefits are immense. You can avail the benefits of information on news headlines, get information
video calling. You can call you friend and have a about the evening weather so that you can plan
video call facility. The clarity is better and the your party. You can find out the latest baseball
facility can be enjoyed as long as both of you are score and any latest news about your favorite sport.
using the 3G technology. The 3G phones with their advanced feature will
also enable you to watch exciting highlights of your
With 3G technology it is possible to access any site favorite sport. With the increased speed and
on the Internet by using your phone as a modem for improved quality of the services provided in the 3G
your computer or laptop and mail the important phones, you can view the multimedia data
docum ents. Downloading games and songs is applications like movie clips and the music videos
much faster with this technology. You can with more clear picture than with the 2.5G
download your favorite games into your mobile technology mobiles.
and start playing. You can also download the music
videos or simply the songs. The technology enable The 3G technology provide you with the data
for much faster download. Hence it will take only transmission speed of up to 2Mbps when you are
few minutes to download movie clips or albums. using the phone on stationary mode. It also
provides significantly faster data transfer rates of
connectivity and increased networking and most
importantly the resistance to noise.

The technology has in fact increased the bit rate

thus enabling the service providers to provide high
speed internet facilities, increased call volumes and
host of the multimedia applications to their
customers. All these services can be provided to the
customers on the basis of the amount of data they
transmit and not on the time for which they use the
service thus making the services cheaper for us.

A great deal of potential exists for new applications

in the future as 3G packet based
 3."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3g network"

ne
tworks will allow users to be on line all the time.
The capabilities of wireless networks in terms of
bandwidth must still, however, be improved upon
(3GNewsroom.com, n.d.).

Conclusion:

3G is an exciting new technology that is

being incorporated into mobile devices
across the globe. Users are now able to
make person-to-person calls, download data
and do a variety of other tasks they never
imagined possible all via their 3G cell
phones

References:

1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3g

2. www.nokia.com/about-
nokia/research/.../the-3g