Wheat

The cultivation of wheat (Triticum spp.) reaches far back into history. Wheat was one of the first
domesticated food crops and for 8 000 years has been the basic staple food of the major civilizations of
Europe, West Asia and North Today, wheat is grown on more land area than any other commercial crop
and continues to be the most important food grain source for humans. Its production leads all crops,
including rice, maize and potatoes.
Wheat is the main staple food of the people of Pakistan and the country's most important strategic
agricultural commodity. It is grown by 80% of the farmers (more than a million), on close to 40% of the
total cultivated area and 65% of the food crops area in the country. It roughly contributes 12.5% to the
value added agriculture and 3.1% to GDP. The per capita wheat consumption of the country (130 kg a
year) is among the highest in the world.
Wheat Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad
Varieties Year of 1000 Bushel Protein Bread Chapati Yield
Release kernel Weight % Baking Making Potential
weight (kg/hl) quality quality (kg/ha)
(g) Scores
C518 1933 33.14 76.3 14.7 62.2 Fair 2890
C591 1934 35.08 77.2 13.7 69.5 Good 2730
C228 1941 38.96 77.5 12.5 78.5 Excellent 2400
C217 1944 33.16 76.2 15.1 70.0 Fair 2000
C-250 1944 32.06 75.9 15.5 69.4 Good 2400
C271 1957 28.56 71.7 15.8 70.0 Good 2680
C273 1957 34.60 73.1 15.2 76.0 Excellent 2525
Mexi-Pak 1965 34.54 72.4 12.6 68.5 F. Good 6252
Chenab70 1970 39.80 74.4 13.2 65.5 Fair 6000
Barani 70 1970 38.68 71.7 14.1 69.0 Good 6000
SA42 1971 48.66 77.7 14.2 69.0 Good 5073
Blue Silver 1971 45.02 77.7 13.2 63.8 Fair 5513
Lyp 73 1973 41.98 76.5 13.0 67.0 F. Good 5757
Sandal 1973 41.28 77.3 13.1 70.0 Good 5220
PARI 73 1973 39.22 71.9 13.4 70.4 Good 6125
Pothowar 1973 38.38 76.5 15.0 68.5 Good 5693
Yecora 1975 41.02 74.7 13.8 70.5 V. Good 5693
SA75 1975 33.67 76.4 13.8 72.0 Good 6135
Punjab76 1976 37.28 75.0 13.0 71.4 F. Good 6125
WL711 1978 41.16 77.2 12.9 68.5 Good 5838
Sonalika 1978 44.80 76.8 12.4 64.4 Fair 6000
Pavon 1978 30.71 76.9 12.4 73.0 Excellent 5000
Chenab 79 1979 37.51 80.2 10.9 68.8 F. Good 6000
Indus 79 1979 40.08 78.6 11.8 77.3 V. Good 5000
Bahawalpu 1979 39.88 11.0 67.7 V. Good 5000
r 79 77.6
Punjab 81 1981 45.26 76.1 12.2 68.1 Fair 6300
Pak 81 1981 35.02 72.3 14.4 73.0 V. Good 6800
Kohinoor 1983 36.14 74.7 12.8 66.8 F. Good 6000
83
Faisalabad 1983 41.70 75.6 12.8 61.1 F. Good 6000
83
Barani 83 1983 37.16 72.0 14.7 69.2 F. Good 5500
Punjab 85 1985 42.72 78.8 14.6 72.1 Good 6300
Faisalabad 1985 42.72 78.8 14.6 70.0 Good 5500
85
Chakwal 86 1986 40.04 72.8 12.7 66.0 F. Good 4500
Pasban 90 1990 36.34 77.5 13.7 70.0 Good 6500
Rohtas 90 1990 35.30 77.6 13.3 69.8 Good 5900
Inqilab 91 1991 42.36 79.8 13.2 71.5 Good 6800
Parwaz 94 1994 46.84 75.6 13.4 69.9 Good 5555
Shahkar 95 1996 41.28 77.5 13.0 70.0 Good 5900
Punjab 96 1996 39.72 75.5 12.9 72.3 F. Good 6675
MH 97 1998 37.42 75.0 12.4 72.5 V. Good 6800
Kohistan97 1998 37.40 76.5 13.4 71.3 Good 6100
Durum 97 1998 55.60 79.4 10.3 60.0 F. Good 7100
Uqab 2000 2000 43.28 78.4 12.9 72.2 Good 6900
Chenab 2000 45.94 77.5 13.3 73.6 Good 6800
2000
Iqbal2000 2000 40.00 77.6 13.1 74.0 Good 5500
AS 2002 2002 47.20 76.7 13.3 69.3 F.Good 6750
SH 2002 2002 41.68 78.0 13.3 72.5 Good 6900
Seher 2006 2006 41.83 77.8 12.9 70.2 Good 7000
Shafaq 2006 41.40 78.9 14.9 71.9 Good 6000
2006
Lasani 2008 41.73 83.4 14.4 66.0 Good 6100
2008
FSD. 08 2008 42.22 76.4 12.6 70.0 F. Good 6732
AARI 2011 2011 41.76 79.28 11.93 71.45 Good 6563
Punjab 2011 44.7 75.5 13.72 69.75 Good 6893
2011
Millat 2011 2011 42.84 78.24 13.82 69.53 Good 6358
Galaxy 2013 45.63 76.21 13.54 - Good 7900
2013

Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal

S. Name of Salient features
No. Variety
Wheat

1 Chakwal- Released in 1986

86
2 Rawal-87 Released in 1987
3 Pothwar- Released in 1994
93
4 Kohsar-95 Released in 1995
5 Chakwal- Released in 1998
97
6 G.A-2002 Released in 2002, Medium tall, Anthocyanin pigmentation in the
auricle (red auricle at booting stage), high yielding, drought
tolerant and disease resistant

7 Chakwal- Released in 2008, Medium tall, erect plants with strong wax on
50 leaves, high tillering, high yielding, frost and drought tolerant and
disease resistant

8 BARS-09 Released in 2009, semi dwarf, rust resistant, drought tolerant

and high yielding wheat variety
9 Dharabi- Released in 2011, high yielding, disease and drought tolerant
11

Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad

Ufaq 2002
One high yielding and rust resistant wheat variety Ufaq 2002 was developed through somaclonal variation
and approved for general cultivation in the irrigated areas of Punjab province.