Early problems of Pakistan.

Outlines:

Preface
1. Choice of Capital and establishment of Government.
2. Unfair Boundry Distribution.
3. The Massacre of Muslim refugees in India
4. Division of Military and Financial Assets.
5. Canal Water Dispute.
6. Kashmir Dispute.
7. Constitutional Problem.
8. Annexation of princely States.
Junagar.
Hydrabad Decan.
9. Economic Problems
10. Adminstration Problems.
11. Electricity Problems
12. Conclusion
Preface:

After a long freedom movement and a horrible loss of life and property Pakistan came
into being.It was a great victory in the democratic life. Sub-Continent happily
sacrificed their homes and properties to get a ich they homeland in whih they will
dominance.

Quaid-e-Azam on 15th August,1947 said:

My thoughts are those valiant fighters in our cause who readily sacrificed all
they had including their lives to make Pakistan possible

Pakistan had to face many problems after independance such as challanges in setting
1up new economic, judicial political structure.Some of problems was short term and
immediate but others are long term.Some of them were:

1.Choice of Capital and Establishment of Governament:

At Independance, Pakistan has no infrastructure so they had the difficulty in choosing

a Capital. This was one of the foremost problems that Pakistan had to face. There was
no furniture, buildings and stationary whereby the Government could be set up.
Workers had to work under trees, bringing furniture from where they resided, and
government started functioning.Then Karachi became the capital of Pakistan. Quaid-
e-Azam took the office of the Governer General. Liaquat Ali Khan became the Prime
minister of Pakistan and a cabinet of experianced person was selected. Then to bring
the officials from Delhi to Karachi who had opted for Pakistan, strict arrangements
were to be made

2.Unfair Boundary Distribution:

The Indian independence act 1947 provided the formation of two boundry
commission for the division of provinces of Punjab and Bangal between India and
Pakistan.Sir Cyril Radcliff was appointed as the chairman of both boundary
commission. The Award was unfair,partial and unjust to Pakistan as Cliff handed
over muslim majority areas like Gurdaspur, Ferozpur etc.to india.

3.The Massacre of Muslim Refugees in India:

On the birth of Pakistan, hindu and sikhs became more furious. In a planned move
Muslim properties were set on compelled to leave Bharat for Pakistan, with nothing
but their lives. Millions of refugees were killed before they reached Pakistan. Many
migrates were looted and had tobe provide boarding immediately as they reached
Pakistan.

4.Division of Militory and Financial Assets:

Military Assets: It was annonced on july 1, 1947, that Indian Army would be divided
in ratio 65 to 35. Filed Martial Auchinleck was appointed as charge of distribution of
Military assets. Whatever Pakistan recieved wasnothing but scarp and out of order
machines , broken weapons and unserviceable aircraft. There were 16 ordanance
factories and all were located in India. Pakistan was given only 60million rupees
towards its share in the ordanance factories. Later an ordanance factory was
established in Wah. Pakistan recieved six Armour division to india fourteen and eight
artillary division to indias forty and eight infentory division to indias twenty one.

Financial assets: At the time of division there was a cash balance of 4 Billion in the
Reserve bank of India which was to be divded between india and pakistan in the ratio
of 17 to india and 5 to Pakistan. Pakistan was recieved 750 millions rupees which was
initially delayed by indian Government. After the protest of Pakistan india agreed to
pay 200 million rupees. After the protest from Pakistan and threat of hunger strike by
Gandhi , Nehru was forced to pay 500 million rupees. However, The remaining 50
Million rupees are still not paid.