GROUP ASSIGNMENT

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE

AICT001-3-2-CSA

UCDF1509ICT (SE)

MISS VIJAYALAXMI AMUTHAN

Names : Chan Kar Keng TP039974

Mohd Imran bin Sazali TP039793
Tan Mei Lin TP039447

Due Date : 17th October 2016

 Marking Matrix

Computer Systems Architecture (CSA)

Group and Individual Marks

Students Particulars
Intake: UCDF1509ICT(SE)
Group No: 4
Total Number of Pages: 32
Total Word Count: 2998
Name Student ID TM
Student 1 Group Leader CHAN KAR KENG TP039974
Particulars
2 Member MOHD IMRAN BIN SAZALI TP039793
3 Member TAN MEI LIN TP039447
Lecturers Use only
Marks
Marks
Group (50%) Allocated Total / Grading
Obtained (%)
(%)
Research 20
Summary and Conclusion 15
Documentation 10
References 5
Individual (50%)
Student #1 Name: CHAN KAR KENG
Presentation 10
1 Analysis 20
Reflection 20
Student #2 Name: MOHD IMRAN BIN SAZALI
Presentation 10
2 Analysis 20
Reflection 20
Student #3 Name: TAN MEI LIN
Presentation 10
3 Analysis 20
Reflection 20
Table of Contents
Abstract...................................................................................................................................1
Introduction............................................................................................................................2
Principles of Mobile Computers............................................................................................3
Technologies Behind the Success of Mobile Computers......................................................3
Classifications of Mobile Computer.....................................................................................3
Importance and Popularity of Mobile Computers.................................................................4
Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile Computers..........................................................4
Advantages.......................................................................................................................5
Disadvantages..................................................................................................................5
Specifications of Samsung Gear S2 3G.................................................................................5
CPU Specification, Features and General Architecture.........................................................5
Instructions Set and Registers...............................................................................................6
Memory Architecture............................................................................................................9
Implementation Issues........................................................................................................10
Instruction Pipelining.....................................................................................................10
Input/ Output Specifications...............................................................................................11
I/O Hardware..................................................................................................................11
Programmed I/O and Direct Access Memory..................................................................11
Interrupt Driven I/O........................................................................................................12
Similarities and Differences Between Architecture of This Mobile Computer and The
General Computer Architecture..........................................................................................12
Limitations of Mobile Computing.......................................................................................14
Future of Mobile Computing...............................................................................................15
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................16
References.............................................................................................................................17
Appendices............................................................................................................................20
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Abstract
This is a report of the research on mobile computing and a selected mobile computer,
the Samsung Gear S2 3G. The principles of mobile computing such as technologies behind
the success, classifications, importance and popularity, and advantages and disadvantages
of mobile computers are covered in this research. Besides, further research on the selected
device on its CPU specifications, features and general architecture, instruction set and
registers, memory architecture, implementation issues, I/O specifications, similarities and
differences between architecture of selected device and Von Neumann computer
architecture were documented. The limitation of existing mobile computing is explored and
future of mobile computing is predicted before this report is concluded.

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Introduction
Mobile computing technologies had evolved rapidly since the launch of the first
commercial portable cellular phone, 15.6 inches Motorola DynaTAC in 1983. Smartwatches
and smart glasses were prototyped and are commercially available in the market. Mobile
computing emphasizes on portability of a physical computer system. A device which
possesses portable physical design, allows wireless transmission and computation of data is
known as a mobile computer.
Among various existing mobile computers, the selected mobile computer is the
Samsung Gear S2. Announced in August 2015 and released in October of the same year, it is
one of the latest smartwatches available in the market. The reason being it is chosen is that
wearable devices, including smartwatches is becoming a new trend for technology hobbyists
and consumers. The specifications, features as well as general architecture of Samsung
Gear S2 will be discussed, and will be compared to Von Neumann computer architecture
later in this research.

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Principles of Mobile Computers

Technologies Behind the Success of Mobile Computers
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is the type of microprocessor specified for mobile
device, but it has limited processing power. However, current microprocessor technologies
such as System on Chip (SoC) and ARM processor have enabled a higher processing power
in a much smaller size with less power consumption.

The Input/ Output (I/O) devices for a mobile computer were different years ago,
mobile phone used to have Colour STN (CSTN) screen as display. Today, the most common
display implemented in mobile phone is a touch screen, which act as both input and output
devices.

The mobility of a computer device greatly depends on its connectivity. For cellular
communication once supported only analogue data transmission in its First Generation (1G),
has advanced to Fourth Generation (4G) that supports various types of data transmission with
significantly higher speed and capacity. Wi-Fi and WiMAX technology has enabled users to
connect to Internet wirelessly; while Bluetooth and Near Field Communication (NFC)
technology providing short range data transmission.

Most of todays mobile devices have built-in embedded sensors that provides raw
data for processing and utilizing. Examples of these sensors are Global Positioning System
(GPS) module, gyroscope and, fingerprint scanner and heart rate sensor. With the help of
these sensors, mobile devices are achieving more than ever before.

Classifications of Mobile Computer

Mobile computer can be divided into 3 categories. One of it is Personal Digital
Assistant (PDA), a portable and easy to use electronic daily planner. It can be used to share
information or data with computer systems, access Internet and other functions. PDA is not a
replacement of a computer system but an extension of a computer system. It has a stylus and
a touch screen display for input and output purposes.

Another mobile computer category are smartphones. It is a combination of a mobile

phone and a PDA which is superior to other mobile devices. It has the capability of multi-
tasking. Smartphones usually offers a high-resolution touch screen display, web browsers and
high-speed data access such as Wi-Fi and cellular broadband. Examples of the operating

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software used for the smartphones includes Googles Android, Apples iOS, and Nokias
Symbian.

Tablet PC would be another type of mobile computer. It is similar to a smart phone

and PDA, with a larger display that has excellent screen resolution as well as clarity. It offers
the similar functions as a portable computer. Users can modify documents, access the Internet
and play multimedia files with it. The examples of tablet PCs are iPads, Galaxy Tabs and
Blackberry Playbooks.

Importance and Popularity of Mobile Computers

Mobile computer popularity has increased over time until now, which it has more
users than desktop computers.

Figure 1: Graph indicating number of global users of mobile computer and desktop
computer
This increase in popularity raises the question: How important mobile computers are
that will result in this boost of popularity? The portability of mobile computers is the main
catch; people are now able to carry along a computer in their hands. Thus, started to handle
most activities, regardless personal like purchasing and entertaining themselves with music
and dramas, or business activities such as advertising and marketing using their mobile
devices that is Internet-enabled.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile Computers

The emergence of mobile computers has risen peoples concern on what are the
impacts mobile computing technology. This technology undoubtedly has brought along
benefits; however, it has its own drawback as well.

Advantages
One of the advantages of mobile computer is the enabling of Cloud Computing. One
can transmit and store files and documents on an online server rather than a hard drive.
Furthermore, these file and documents are accessible and editable despite timing and location
as long as one has access to Internet. Besides, to prevent data being exploited by
unauthorized personnel, one can have encryption on their stored data and even can wipe off
the data easily.

With cloud computing on the rise, telecommuting has become a common practice
among companies. It occurs where employees do not have to drive to a workplace, but works
from their home to have a healthier balance between life and work, thus encouraging
employees to work harder. A research from Pennsylvania State University has shown that
telecommuters are commonly less stressed.

Disadvantages
While mobile computing devices provides convenience in everyday lives, excessive
use might cause more harm than good. Mobile computing devices emits a form of
electromagnetic radiation, causing potential health issues. Common effects of the radiation
will eventually lead to increasing of memory lost and vulnerability to diseases. Brain tumours
known as Glioma and Benign were also reported in extreme cases.

Security software is rarely found in mobile computer, making them vulnerable to

cyber-attack such as malware-based attacks. Malwares usually disguise as ordinary software
to confuse user that it is not harmful. It is highly advisable to install security software on
mobile computers to prevent unauthorized access to confidential and sensitive information.

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Specifications of Samsung Gear S2 3G

CPU Specification, Features and General Architecture
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a mandatory unit in a computer system which
will handle all instructions from both hardware and software connected and running on the
same computer system.

The CPU used in selected device is Samsung Exynos 3250. It is a dual core CPU
featuring clock speed up to 1 GHz and is built with semiconductor with physical size of
28nm. Its primary CPUs are ARM Cortex-A7 which are built based on Advanced Reduced
Instruction Set Computing Machine (ARM) architecture. The ARM architecture is one of
the modified Harvard architecture.

The Samsung Exynos 3250 is a low power consumption CPU which is suitable for
wearables. For Digital Signal Processing, The CPU has implemented ARM NEON general-
purpose SIMD (Simple Instruction, Multiple Data) that can accelerate multimedia and
signal processing algorithms. The additional features included in the CPU are ARM
TrustZone, a hardware-based system-wide security approach. The CPU is believed to have
been merged into the SoC, Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 with MSM8x26 series chipset as its
primary processor.

For multimedia data handling, Qualcomm Adreno 305 Graphic Processing Unit
(GPU) which is capable of up to 1080p High-definition (HD) video capture or playback,
photo-shooting of up to 13.5 Megapixel, and up to 1080p HD external display output is used.

The Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 supports various connectivity including Universal

Serial Bus (USB) 2.0, Bluetooth 4.1, Wi-Fi and cellular connections such as Enhanced Data
for Global Evolution (EDGE), and 3G or Wide-band Code-Division Multiple Access
(WCDMA).

Instructions Set and Registers

ARM architecture is based on Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC), opposing
to Complex Instruction Set Computing(CISC). The major difference between the two
instruction set is the length of instructions. Simple instructions used in RISC can be
executed completely within one clock cycle; while instructions used in CISC may needs
several clock cycles.

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The ARM consists of 2 instruction sets, the ARM instruction set and the Thumb
instruction set. The ARM instruction set has a load/ store structure, dividing instructions
into memory access and Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) operations. Memory access
refers to the loading/ storing between memory and registers; whereas ALU operations refers
to loading/storing only between registers. The ARM instruction set uses 16x32-bit registers
file, with Program Counter (PC), stack pointer and link register included. The standardized
instruction width eases pipelining and decoding. For the Thumb instruction set, it is a
subset of ARM instruction set with instructions of 16 bits. Although with reduced sizes, the
instructions can be executed via equivalent 32-bit ARM instruction. The ARM CPU is able
to switch between the two instruction set easily.

ARM has a total of 37 registers, all of which are 32 bits long. There are 30 general-
purpose registers, 1 dedicated PC, 1 dedicated Current Program Status Register (CPSR)
and 5 dedicated Saved Program Status Registers (SPSR). Among the general-purpose
registers, 15 of them are User Visible Register (UVR) depending on current processor mode,
while the others are User Invisible Register (UIR). The set of UVR is r0-r12, Stack Pointer
(sr or r13) and Link Register (lr or r14). The PC (or r15) stores the address of instruction to
be executed. The CPSR holds the Application Program Status Registers (APSR) which
holds ALU status flags, the current processor mode, interrupt disable flags, current processor
state and execution state bits for the IT block. The SPSR instead stores the current value of
CPSR when an exception handling is happening, the stored data is then recovered after the
exception handling. An exception is an event that interrupts the normal flow of the execution
through a program, such as external interrupts or attempting to execute undefined instruction.

The ALU status flags contained in the APSR are N (Negative flag/ Sign flag), Z (Zero
flag), C (Carry flag) and V (oVerflow flag).

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Table 1: ALU Status Flags

Flag Name Condition to flag is set to 1

N Negative flag
Z Zero flag
C Carry flag
V oVerflow flag
When the result of operation was Negative.
When the result of operation was Zero.
When the operation resulted in a Carry:
- Result of addition is greater than or
equal to 232
- Result of subtraction is positive or
zero
- Result of an inline barrel shifter
operation in a move or logical
instruction
When the operation caused overflow:
- Result of an add, subtract or compare
is greater than or equal to 231, or less
than 2-31.

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Figure 2: The Program Status Registers

Memory Architecture
Re
gis
ter
Cache

Memory

Storage

Figure 3: Memory Hierarchy of selected device

The selected device has followed the memory hierarchy, it consists registers, caches,
memory and storage. As registers are already mentioned in the previous section, this section
will focus on the discussion of caches, memory and disks.

Cache, a type of Random Access Memory (RAM) which has faster access speed than
regular RAM. Cache memory can be integrated directly on the CPU chip or has a separate
connection interconnected with CPU. In the CPU of selected device, the cache memory is
separated into L1 Instruction cache, L1 Data cache and L2 cache. The on-chip L1 caches
are both 16KB/Core; while the off-chip L2 cache, implemented with Static RAM (SRAM),
has a total of 1024KB/Core.

Low Power Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM (LPDDR SDRAM) is
considered as main memory rather than a normal DDR SDRAM for the selected device.
LPDDR2, that consumes even less power, featuring a memory capacity of 512MB and speed

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of 533MHZ, is believed to have been integrated to the internal system of the selected device
as its main memory.

For storage, the device has a 4GB internal storage; however, external storage is not
supported. For the internal storage, suggested technology is the low power consumption
embedded Multi-Media Controller (eMMC). It is a type of NAND flash storage which is
soldered directly onto the SoC. Contrasting to volatile RAM memory, the eMMC memory is
non-volatile, which means that data is technically permanent.

Implementation Issues
Instruction Pipelining
Pipelining is a technology which overlaps the execution of instructions to reduce
overall required execution time, aiming to improve CPU processing performance. ARM
processor, as one of the RISC processor, has implemented pipelining to achieve a higher
speed of instructions flow.

Figure 4: Timing Diagram of Non-pipelined instructions and Pipelined Instructions

There are issues while implementing pipelining. One of them is data dependency that
occurs when an instruction attempts to retrieve data that is yet to be stored by preceding
instruction. This issue can be overcome using different approaches. Hardware interlocks
which senses data dependency and automatically delay following instruction can be
implemented. Besides, operand forwarding that forwards the result of one instruction to

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following, bypassing normal data storage, is an alternative approach. No-Operation

instruction (NOP) can be sent between respective contiguous instructions when a compiler
senses data dependency.

When an instruction is branched, pre-fetched following instruction has to be

discarded, therefore leaving branch penalty (blank time unit spaces). This issue might
invalidate instruction fetch and affect processing performance. To overcome this issue,
separate pipelining can be implemented. Instructions can be fetched in different stream
instead of in only one stream. Also, static or dynamic branch prediction can be used to let
the processor predict the possible path of the instruction.

Input/ Output Specifications

Input/ Output specifications (I/O specifications) can be defined as what is used for a
computer to receive input and to present respective output.

I/O Hardware
I/O hardware are tangible devices that receive users input and present respective
output upon request.

The smartwatch is equipped with various type of sensors. Included are accelerometer
and gyroscope that senses orientation and rotation, heart rate sensor which detects users
pulse, barometer which can be used to forecast weather changes and others. The sensors used
were suspected to be manufactured by Freescale, Silicon Labs and DMT.

The main input and output component of the smartwatch is the touch screen. A user
operates the smartwatch mostly through the screen which will display the GUI of the installed
software. Other input and output components include the side buttons, bezel, microphone and
speaker.

Programmed I/O and Direct Access Memory

Programmed I/O (PIO) and Direct Access Memory (DMA) is two different way of
transmitting instruction. PIO is the simplest method for instruction transmission. However,
as it only produces a single input/ output per cycle, it is substituted in most devices, by DMA
which can transfer larger block of data at a given time. It is believed that DMA is utilised as
the primary instruction transmission method in selected device.

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Interrupt Driven I/O

Interrupt driven I/O is an alternative approach to handle I/O. It controls I/O activity
when a connected peripheral is requesting data from or sending data into the system. An
interrupt occurs when user sends input (such as opening an application) to the system, the
CPU will pause the current instruction execution to take care of the input and execute
instruction respectively.

Similarities and Differences Between Architecture of This Mobile Computer and The
General Computer Architecture
The selected mobile computer is built based on modified Harvard architecture,
contrasting the general computer architecture or Von Neumann architecture. The
difference is that in Von Neumann architecture approach, data and instruction shared a single
unified memory unit and has only one bus connecting the memory unit to the CPU.

In the modified Harvard architecture, caches with higher access speed are used to
improve the data and instruction retrieval speed. Data and instruction are still stored in a
unified memory unit but is loaded into caches beforehand for future retrieval. The separated
busses have enabled the data and instruction to be fetched simultaneously for higher
processing performance.

Figure 5: Modified Harvard Architecture with Caches

For external appearances, the Von Neumann machine, as known as IAS computer,
measured 2297.2mm x 3200.4mm x 838.2mm. The Samsung Galaxy Gear S2 3G has watch

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body dimensions of 51.8mm x 44mm x 13.4mm. The difference in size between the selected
device and the IAS machine is undeniably huge.

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Limitations of Mobile Computing

Despite the fact that mobile computing technology is becoming more mature than
ever, various limitations are found in the existing technology.

The first is the power consumption in devices. Mobile devices rely heavily on
rechargeable battery to operate. Most batteries failed to sustain the operation of devices for a
longer period of time, and that causes people to rapidly charge their devices with external
power source such as power banks. Besides, capacity of batteries tends to decrease over time
until its worst.

Another limitation on the technology would be transmission interference. The

transmission of mobile networks is exposed to interferences, examples are electromagnetic
interference (EMI) and weather interference. These interference is a disturbance to the
wireless signal transmission and causes unstable connections or even disconnections.

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Future of Mobile Computing

It is believed that the finest form of mobile computing is yet to be known. There are
endless possibilities for mobile computer, but a few aspects that could be improve.

Firstly, it would be the battery endurance of mobile computer. A better endurance can
be achieved through battery with higher capacities and better power-efficient electronics.

Besides, the processing power can be improved for mobile computing in the future.
People have been and still are expecting mobile computers with processing power
competitive with desktop computers. The advancement in semiconductor technology will be
the contributing factor for this possible improvement

Future mobile computer can be designed and made to be even more portable
compared to existing devices. Smartwatches has led the begin of the trend of wearable
devices, future mobile computer can be based on this and implement feasible enhancement
for more portable devices.

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Conclusion
In conclusion, along with the advancement of relevant technologies, mobile
computing is becoming more mature. Consumer should be aware of the impacts of mobile
computer, both the positives and negatives. The selected device, smartwatch Samsung Gear
S2 3G has implemented leading technologies to achieve more than the others. Although
limitations of the existing technology were found, this technology could have a future with
endless possibilities.

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References
Andi (2014) What is Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) And How Does It Affect Us? West
Florida Components. [Online] Available from:
https://www.westfloridacomponents.com/blog/what-is-electromagnetic-interference-emi-and-
how-does-it-affect-us/. [Accessed: 16 September 2016]

ARM Ltd. (2016) ARM Information Center. [Online] Available from:

http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.faqs/3738.html. [Accessed: 27
August 2016]

Chaffey, D. (2016) Mobile marketing statistics 2016. [Online] Available from:

http://www.smartinsights.com/mobile-marketing/mobile-marketing-analytics/mobile-
marketing-statistics/. [Accessed: 29 August 2016]

Cooney, M. (2012) 10 common mobile security problems to attack | PCWorld. [Online]

Available from: http://www.pcworld.com/article/2010278/10-common-mobile-security-
problems-to-attack.html. [Accessed: 28 August 2016]

Graphiq Inc. (2016) Qualcomm Snapdragon 400 MSM8226 Specs and Reviews. [Online]
Available from: http://system-on-a-chip.specout.com/l/449/Qualcomm-Snapdragon-400-
MSM8226. [Accessed: 27 August 2016]

Graphiq Inc. (2016) Samsung Exynos 3250 Specs, Reviews, Ratings. [Online] Available from:
http://system-on-a-chip.specout.com/l/460/Samsung-Exynos-3250. [Accessed: 27 August
2016]

GSMArena.com (2016) Samsung Gear S2 3G Full phone specifications. [Online] Available

from: http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_gear_s2_3g-7585.php. [Accessed: 25 August
2016]

Hoffman, C. (2015) How Do You Know When Its Time to Replace Your Battery? [Online]
Available from: http://www.howtogeek.com/216934/how-do-you-know-when-its-time-to-
replace-your-battery/. [Accessed: 18 September 2016]

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I/O Techniques (n.d.) Interrupt Driven I/O I/O Techniques. [Online] Available from:
http://inputoutput5822.weebly.com/interrupt-driven-io.html. [Accessed: 3 September 2016]

Joan., B. (2010) Difference Between DMA and PIO | Difference Between. [Online] Available
from: http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-dma-and-pio/.
[Accessed: 3 September 2016]

Kumari, K. (2014) Challenging Issues and Limitations of Mobile Computing. COMPUSOFT,

An international journal of advanced computer technology. [Online] 3(2). p. 554-560.
Available from: http://ijact.in/index.php/ijact/article/viewFile/256/208. [Accessed: 18
September 2016]

Lemieux, Joe (2016) Introduction to ARM thumb | Embedded. [Online] Available from:
http://www.embedded.com/electronics-blogs/beginner-s-corner/4024632/Introduction-to-
ARM-thumb. [Accessed: 27 August 2016]

Parris, J. (2014) 5 Benefits of Telecommuting For Employers and Employees 1MFWF.

[Online] Available from: http://www.workflexibility.org/5-benefits-of-telecommuting-for-
employers-and-employees/. [Accessed: 28 August 2016]

PDAdb.net (2016) Samsung Exynos 3 Dual 3250 Multi-core Application Processor

Datasheet | CPUlist | PDAdb.net. [Online] Available from: http://pdadb.net/index.php?
m=cpu&id=a3250e&c=samsung_exynos_3_dual_3250. [Accessed: 27 August 2016]

Qualcomm (2016) Samsung Gear S2 puts a new spin on the connected smartwatch |
Qualcomm. Available from:
https://www.qualcomm.com/news/snapdragon/2015/09/02/samsung-gear-s2-puts-new-spin-
connected-smartwatch. [Accessed: 27 August 2016]

Qualcomm (2016) Snapdragon 400 Mobile Processor with Dual-Core | Qualcomm. [Online]
Available from: https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon/processors/400.
[Accessed: 25 August 2016]

Simplemachines.it (2016) The ARM Instruction Set. [Online] Available from:

http://simplemachines.it/doc/arm_inst.pdf. [Accessed: 27 August 2016]

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Tech_MX (2012) Instruction Pipelining. [Online] September 2012. Available from:

http://www.slideshare.net/Tech_MX/instruction-pipelining. [Accessed: 1 September 2016]

The National Museum of American History (n.d.) IAS Computer | National Museum of
American History. [Online] Available from:
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September 2016]

Vinson, F. (2013) Top 10 Reasons Why Mobile Technology is More Important than Ever.
[Online] Available from: http://localorganicrankings.com/top-10-reasons-why-mobile-
technology-is-more-important-than-ever/. [Accessed: 29 August 2016]

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http://www.vintagemobilephones.com/motorola_dynatac_series.html. [Accessed: 4 August
2016]

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Appendices
1. 9 Frequently Ask Questions (FAQ)

2. Work Breakdown Structure

3. Gantt Chart

4. Meeting Minutes

5. Presentation Slides

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. What is mobile computing?

o The technology of manufacture and utilising devices with a portable physical

design, capable of wireless data transmission and possess computing power.

2. Is mobile computing a mature technology?

o No, although the technology is very common in our daily lives, it is yet to be a
fully mature technology.

3. Why mobile computer rather than a typical desktop computer?

o Mobile computer is portable, which means it is possible for one to carry along
the mobile computer, unlike the non-portable desktop computer.

4. Does mobile computing have negative impacts on our lives?

o Yes, there has been reports on potential health issues since the mobile devices
became more popular.

5. What is a smart watch?

o A mobile device that is designed to be worn on the wrist, and usually pairs
with a smart phone to optimize its functionality.

6. Can a smart watch be a standalone device?

o Yes, it can. For example, the Samsung Gear S2 3G could be a standalone

device as it supports 3G connection that allows user to make and receive calls
just like a normal smart phone. It also has applications that can perform basic
operations.
7. What is System-on-Chip?

o Also known as SoC, the System-on-Chip integrates all electronics component

(CPU, GPU, memory, and others) needed into a single silicon chip.

8. Can the processing power of a smartwatch compete with a desktop computer?

o Based on current technologies, no. But this might change in the future as the
semiconductor technology advances.

9. What is the future of mobile computing?

o The future of mobile computing is an uncertainty. There might be new

products which is totally beyond our imagination based on current standards
of technologies; however, what is believed to be the only constant is that the
mobile computing will still emphasize on portability and user-friendliness.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

No. Date Name Task / Description / Signature

Responsibility

1. 1/8/2016 Chan Kar Keng Gantt Chart, WBS,

(Week 4) Question A (i)
-21/8/2016 Mohd Imran bin Sazali Question A (ii)
(Week 6)
Tan Mei Lin Question A (iii, iv)

2. 22/8/2016 Chan Kar Keng Question B (i, ii)

(Week 7) Mohd Imran bin Sazali Question B (iii, iv)
-11/9/2016
Tan Mei Lin Question B (v, vi)
(Week 8)
3. 12/9/2016 Chan Kar Keng Question C (i)
(Week 9) Mohd Imran bin Sazali Question C (ii)
-23/9/2016
Tan Mei Lin Question C (iii)
(Week 11)
4. 24/9/2016 Chan Kar Keng Abstract, References,
(Week 11) Mohd Imran bin Sazali Final Compilation
-17/10/2016
Tan Mei Lin
(Submission)
Gantt Chart
Meeting Minutes

1. 07-22-2016

2. 05-08-2016

3. 26-08-2016

4. 17-09-2016

5. 01-10-2016
Date: 22nd July 2016

Time: 3.00pm 3.30pm

Attendees:

1. Chan Kar Keng

2. Mohd Imran bin Sazali

3. Tan Mei Lin

Agenda:

1. Select a mobile device to be researched on.

2. Finalised work breakdown.

Meeting outcomes:

1. Samsung Gear S2 was chosen as the mobile computer to be researched on.

2. Drafted work breakdown is finalised.

Date: 5th August 2016

Time: 3.00pm 4.00pm

Attendees:

1. Chan Kar Keng

2. Mohd Imran bin Sazali

3. Tan Mei Lin

Agenda:

1. Present material related to Question A.

Meeting outcomes:

1. Materials are presented and information is compiled.

2. The documentation of Question 1 is started.

Date: 26th August 2016

Time: 3.00pm 4.00pm

Attendees:

1. Chan Kar Keng

2. Mohd Imran bin Sazali

3. Tan Mei Lin

Agenda:

1. Present material related to Question B.

Meeting outcomes:

1. Materials are presented and validated during the meeting.

2. Documentation on Question B is started during the meeting.

Date: 17th September 2016

Time: 3.00pm 4.00pm

Attendees:

1. Chan Kar Keng

2. Mohd Imran bin Sazali

3. Tan Mei Lin

Agenda:

1. Present material related to Question C.

Meeting outcomes:

1. Materials are presented, discussed and finalised during the meeting.

2. Documentation on Question C is started during the meeting.

Date: 1st October 2016

Time: 3.00pm 4.00pm

Attendees:

1. Chan Kar Keng

2. Mohd Imran bin Sazali

3. Tan Mei Lin

Agenda:

1. Discuss on final compilation of report.

Meeting outcomes:

1. Final compilation is started during the meeting.