Generally, the value of the characteristic impedance must be equal in the resistive impedance in

using the transmission line properly and it requires minimum attenuation to the signal. The
characteristic impedance (Z0) of a transmission line is the resistance it would exhibit if it were infinite in
length. When the load impedance and characteristic impedance match, the transmission operates
properly and maximum power transfer takes place minus any resistive losses in the line. The experiment
shows an example of a transmission line by using resistors. Theoretically, the power rating in the
resistors is the amount of heat that a resistive element can dissipate for an indefinite period of time
without degrading its performance and this principle is greatly important in using transmission line
properly.

Based on the experiment, the values of the characteristic impedance have variations between
theoretical and practical on each conditions given. There are some things that are considered why these
variations occur. It may be the values of the components used are not exact as expected. Three
conditions are given on the experiment and the condition R < 10R shows that the characteristic
impedance has taken already in Z10 compared to others. Although, this condition has the lower power
dissipation and attenuation but with much greater resistance that is connected continually may also
leads to power dissipation in the circuit. On the other hand, this condition may be better in terms of
getting the characteristic impedance easily. But, considering the principle in using transmission line
properly, we therefore conclude that the condition R = 10R is still the best choice because it has a lower
power dissipation and attenuation among the others.

To show the application of characteristic impedance, 3 conditions are necessary to perform in

actual and get their values with the best result. The group chose three resistors, 10 ohms as R which is
not changing and 100 ohms, 470 ohms and 82 ohms as Rs (shunt resistors) which is changing. We
computed the values of impedance infinitely, by using series and parallel formulas of resistance until it
becomes stable or no changing occurs and that will be the characteristic impedance of the 3 conditions.
This is based on the theoretical result. On other hand, we designed series and parallel resistors in
practical by measuring their values infinitely to get the characteristic impedance. The characteristic
impedance of the condition 1 and 3 are quite nearer to each other, 40 ohms and 35 ohm respectively
while condition 2 gives 80 ohms.