Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
of Human Rights
1
Human
We deserve to be treated
with Dignity & Respect.
Human Rights: A
History
Concept & Definition
Human Rights to the late Senator Jose W.
Diokno, a dedicated human rightest, is the sum
of all the rights which allows a human being to
live a human life.
Ancient Cultures/Religions/Teachings
Did not impose their own law but developed the legal
concept of JUS GENTIUM, or the law of the peoples which
became a shield and the protector against the arbitrary
power of Roman Governors or the unlawful acts of fellow
citizens.
c. th th
Several 17 and 18 century European philosophers, most
notably John Locke, developed the concept of natural rights, the
notion that people possess certain rights by virtue of being
human.
d. The United States Declaration of Independence in
1776 includes concepts of natural rights and
famously states that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their creator with certain
alienable rights, that among these are life, liberty
and the pursuit of happiness.
Andres Bonifacio
Colonialism
Children
Mentally retarded
Disabled
Ethnic/Cultural Minorities
Illegitimate Children
Aliens
2-Rural / Urban /
Industrial
Victims of Human Rights Violations, Workers
3-Child / Minor /
1988-2000 Woman/Student
4-Military/Police
5-Local Ocials /
Employees
6-Detainee /
Prisoners
7-Urban Poor
8-Others
Victims
1- Police
Alleged Perpetrators of Human Rights 2- Military
3- Paramilitary
Violations, 1988-2000 4- CPP/NPA
5- Civilian
6- Local Ocials
7- Others
Perpetrators
Nature of Human Rights
Inherent
Fundamental
Inalienable
Indivisible
Imprescriptible
No time limit
Scope of Human Rights is
Classified According to:
Collective Rights
Property
Work
Social security
Marry
Fair trial
Individual Rights or Rights of
Man
Political Rights
Rights which enable us to participate in
running the affairs of the government
either directly or indirectly (i.e. right to
vote, right to information on matters of
public concern, etc.)
According to Aspect of Life
Economic and Social Rights
Are those which the law confers upon the people
to enable them to achieve social and economic
development, thereby ensuring them their well-
being, happiness and financial security (i.e. right
to property, education and promotion of social
justice)
Cultural Rights
Those rights that ensure the well-being of the
individual and foster the preservation, enrichment
and dynamic evolution of national culture based
on the principle of unity in diversity in a climate of
free artistic and intellectual expression.
According to Struggle for
Recognition
First Generation of Human Rights
Covers civil and political rights. It conceives human rights
more on the negative (Freedom From . . .) as it favors the
abstention/non-interference rather than intervention of
government in the exercise of freedom for the quest of
human dignity.
Non-Derogable or Absolute
Rights
Obligation of result
States are obliged to be active in their role as
protector and provider.
State Obligations
Obligation to Respect
The State must abstain from doing anything that violates the integrity of
the individual or infringes on the individuals freedom. However, the
State has the corresponding duty to create and facilitate an economic,
social and political environment conducive to the enjoyment, exercise
and realization of human rights.
Obligation to Protect
Compels the State to take steps to prohibit others from violating
recognized rights and freedoms and to guarantee access to legal
remedies for any infringement caused by a third party.