State of the art measurement techniques of the partial discharges in the

winding insulation of the rotating machines

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Abstract:

Partial discharges often result from defects caused by thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic
and chemical forces reacting on the stator winding. Progressive development of PD
activities is a main symptom of the insulation deterioration. PD activities also contribute to
ageing of the dielectric system of the rotating machine by erosion or weakening of the
insulation system.

Non-electrical methods have been developed to complement PDA and TGA measurements
like cooling air analysis, analysis of sounds from the construction of the machine and
chemical analysis of the cooling hydrogen.

Rotating machines should be carefully constructed in order to minimize appearance of PDs,

with regard to the terminal box, to the connection of line cables with windings and to the
mutual distance of the line cables.

PD measurement and analysis are powerful tools for reliable detection of the local
insulation defects. On-line monitoring especially enables conditional maintenance, thus
reducing costs significantly.
Best appraisal of the condition of the winding is by use of PD trend monitoring in time.
Doubling of the PD magnitude each 6 months in similar working conditions is a
consequence of the rapid weakening of the insulation. PD value depends on the working
conditions.

Key words: Partial Discharges (PD), PD measurement and analysis, On Line Monitoring,
Working Parameters, Partial Discharge Trend

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8
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1 E.Lemke, Lemke Diagnostics Germany, Introduction to fundamentals of PD

diagnostics, 1998
2 KES Engineering (M.Kotlica), different papers, 2002-2005
3 11-202/2002, Cigre; Advances in interpreting partial discharge test results from
motor and generator stator windings; G.C. Stone, V. Warren; H.G.Sedding ; W.
Mcdermid
4 11-301/2000, Cigre, Developments and verification tests of diagnosis methods for
hydro-generators; E.Binder, A.Draxler, H.Egger, A.Hummer, H.R.Fuchs, H.Koglek,
F.Mueller, M.Drpi., M.Hoof, R.Kaefer, S.Lanz
5 IEEE 1434-2000; IEEE Guide to the Measurement of Partial Discharges in Rotating
Machinery
6 11-203/2002, Cigre; PD Identification and fault localization in power plants by
means of remote controlled pulse propagation measurements; S.Piel, R.Koziel,
R.Aumann, R.Meissner
7 11-304/2000 Cigre, On The Interpretation Of Partial Discharge Patterns Detected At
Motor Terminals, G.Rabach, M.Visintin, F.Razza
8 A1-209, Cigre 2004; Experiences in identification of partial discharge patterns in
large hydrogenerators; Carlos Azuaje& William Torres; C.v.g. electrificacin del
caroni, (Venezuela)