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Assumptions
[ M ] x [ K ] x f
Behavior
Actual Analytical Mathematical of building
structure (conceptual) model model (stresses,
displacements)
Types of elements
1. Inertia (mass, rotational inertia)
2. Springs
3. Dampers
1. Inertia elements:
F x(t)
(t) m
F (t ) mx(t )
Springs: k
F(t) F(t)
x1(t) x2(t)
F (t ) k ( x1 x 2 )
Torsional spring
T,
k
T=k
2. Dampers
Translational
F F
x 1 x 2
F b( x 1 x 2 )
units of b: N sec/m
Rotational damper
2
T
1
T b( 1 2 )
Newtons laws
1. Conservation of momentum
2.
Translation: force=masstranslational
acceleration
Rotation: moment (torque)=moment of
inertiarotational acceleration
3. Action - reaction
Definition: Number of degrees of freedom:
Number of independent coordinates needed
to completely determine the position of a
system.
m moves vertically
only: one d.o.f.
x(t)
Assume car body is rigid, have applied
brakes (no horizontal motion):
d.o.f.?
Answer: two
x(t)
(t)
T J
fixed center
of rotation
fixed center of
rotation
Radius of gyration, parallel axis theorem
Review: Examples on deriving equations
of motion of a system
m
g
Nonlinear
sin 0
l
g
0
l Linearized