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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................... 1
Basic Know Hows............................................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1: Number Patterns ........................................................................................................................... 2
Sequences, Series & Progressions (Arithmetic, Geometric & Harmonic) ........................................................... 2
Lesson 1: Progression .......................................................................................................................................... 2
Lesson 2: Arithmetic, Geometric, Harmonic Means ........................................................................................ 2
Tips & Tricks 1: Recurring Decimal to Fraction ................................................................................................. 2
Odd Man Out ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Number Series .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Tips & Tricks 2: Solving Number Series.............................................................................................................. 5
Find Next Number ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Find Next Pair of Numbers ................................................................................................................................. 9
Find the Missing Numbers .................................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 2: ABSTRACT (DIAGRAMMATIC) ................................................................................................... 19
REASONING Lesson 3: Non Verbal Reasoning................................................................................................ 19
Lesson 4: Abstract Reasoning ........................................................................................................................... 19
Image Perception: Missing Parts ........................................................................................................................... 19
Finding Missing Figures......................................................................................................................................... 21
Sequence Completion ........................................................................................................................................... 27
Analogies ................................................................................................................................................................. 31
Odd Man Out .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
Replace Incorrect Tile ............................................................................................................................................ 34
Rule Detection ........................................................................................................................................................ 36
Fitting Pieces .......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Figure Analysis........................................................................................................................................................ 38
Tips & Tricks 3: Figure Analysis......................................................................................................................... 38
Counting Many Shapes .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Mirror Image ........................................................................................................................................................... 42
Tips & Tricks 4: Solving Mirror Image Problems ............................................................................................. 43
Water Image ............................................................................................................................................................ 45
Tips & Tricks 5: Working on Water Images ....................................................................................................... 46
Paper Folding & Cutting ........................................................................................................................................ 48
Tips & Tricks 6: Shortcuts for Paper Folding .................................................................................................... 48
CHAPTER 3: Spatial (3-D) Reasoning .............................................................................................................. 51
Tips & Tricks 7: Spatial Reasoning .................................................................................................................... 51
2-D to 3-D ............................................................................................................................................................... 51
Odd Man Out .......................................................................................................................................................... 51
Wooden Blocks ....................................................................................................................................................... 52
Dice and Cubes....................................................................................................................................................... 55
Tips & Tricks 8: Dice Problems ......................................................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER 4: Mechanical Aptitude ................................................................................................................... 59

BASIC KNOW HOWS

Manage your time well. certain cases. For example, multiplication is easier
Students lag behind because of lack of time. than division & addition is easier than subtraction.
Have a sound sleep. The questions are very logical, Names of the Greek Alphabets used in the book are:
and need proper concentration. Symbol Name Symbol Name Symbol Name
It is best to choose easy problems and solve all of Alpha Beta Gamma
them first. Do not get struck on tough or time- Delta Epsilon Zeta
consuming questions eventually running short of Eta Theta Iota
Kappa Lambda Mu
time.
Nu Xi Omicron
It is vital to go through every question. In the first Pi Rho Sigma
round, answer easy questions leaving time- Tau Upsilon Phi
consuming questions for later. Chi Psi Omega
Use shortcuts given in the book. Symbol for Indian Rupee is `.
A denotes basic or easy question and denotes
difficult or tricky question.
Always choose simpler operation over complicated
one. This might mean starting with the choices in

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Answer: C
Solution: Sequence is formed using the following
1 term30
formulas, 2
term = =
(105030)
= 510,
2 2
2 term26 (51026)
3 term = = = 242. Therefore, the
2 2
th (3rd term22) (24222)
next term, 4 term is, = = 110 and
2 2
not 106. Therefore, 106 is the odd man out.
Discover the odd man out 65, 6576, 621770,
2022652202.
A. 65 B. 6576 C. 621770 D. 2022652202
Answer: C
Solution: All numbers except 6576 are rare numbers.
Rare numbers are the non palindromic numbers when
added or subtracted to its reverse gives a perfect square.
For example 65 is a rare number, therefore 65+56 is a
perfect square and also 65 56 is a perfect square.
Number Series
Tips & Tricks 2: Solving Number Series
Prime Series: Such series involve prime numbers that
is number divisible by 1 or itself. E.g., 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13
are examples of prime number series.
Solving Number Series Problems
is now a Piece of Cake
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vn
LbON6t9DQ
Even & Odd Series: Such series involve even and odd
natural numbers, or integers, it can be simple even
number series like 2, 4, 6, 8, ? or simple odd number
series like 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ?. Advanced series includes
sum or difference of odd numbers or even numbers.
Difference Series: For example, in series, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,
difference between consecutive numbers is +2. This
difference is of same value throughout the series like
+2 for the given example or a series of difference like
+1, +2, +3 and so on or differences can form any
other series like product series. They can be
Addition (Increasing) Series: E.g., difference series 1,
3, 6, 10, 15, , can be written as 1, 1 + 2, 1 + 2 +
3, 1 + 2 + 3 + 4. It is increasing series with 2 added
to each term to give the next term.
Decreasing (or Subtraction) Series: E.g., difference
series 87, 80, 74, 69, 65, , is written as 87, 87
7 = 80, 80 6 = 74, 74 5 = 69, 69 4 = 65. It
is decreasing series with 7, 6, 5, etc. subtracted from
each term to give the next term.
Product Series: It is increasing or decreasing series
with each subsequent term formed by multiplication
of previous term with a number. E.g., 1, 3, 9, 27, 81 is
an increasing multiplication series with each subse-
quent term formed by multiplication of previous
term with 3. In this case multiplication is done by 3.
In complex series, these multiplicands can them-
selves form a series.
Power Series: It involve series of powers of natural
numbers. Simple series involve raising consecutive
numbers to same powers. In more complex power
series, bases or powers of subsequent terms them-
selves form a series.
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Square Series: It involves a series of squares, for
example, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36 is a series of squares of
consecutive numbers 22 , 32 , 42 , 52 , 62. More ad-
vanced sequence can include summation of
squares of 2 different numbers or the difference of
squares of two different numbers and so on.
Cube Series: It involves a series of cubes, for
example, 1, 8, 27, 64 is a series of cubes of natural
numbers 13 , 23 , 33 , 43 . Similar to square series more
complex cube series can also be formed.
Progression Series: These are arithmetic, geometric
or harmonic series. Refer tips and tricks on progres-
sion to understand these series. If the difference
between consecutive terms remains constant differ-
ence series becomes simple arithmetic series. Also,
product series becomes geometric series if common
ratio between consecutive terms remains constant.
Special Series: These series are formed using special
numbers like rare numbers, perfect numbers,
Fibonacci numbers, composite numbers, prime
numbers, Pythagoras triplets (refer trigonometry
section) etc. E.g., series of composite numbers is 4, 6,
8, 9, 10, 12, 15. Series of prime numbers is 2, 3, 5, 7,
11, 13.
Combination Series: Such series employ more than
one series combined in interesting ways, e.g. in the
1 3 5 7 9
series, , , , , , Numerators form the series of
5 10 15 20 25
odd numbers and denominators form a difference
series 5, 10, 15, 20 Such series is formed by multi-
plication and subtraction, addition and multiplica-
tion, division and subtraction or any other possible
combination. Also, mixed series is example of
combination series.
Mixed Series: Such series are formed by picking up
terms from two different series using some rule.
Common example is alternating series composed of
two sequences running alternately. E.g., 40, 15, 30,
25, 20, 35 series is made of two series: decreasing
series, 40, 30, 20, & increasing series, 15, 25, 35,
Find Next Number
Complete the series: 6, 24, 60, 120, 210, __.
A. 336 B. 366 C. 330 D. 660
Answer: A
Solution: The series is, 1 2 3, 2 3 4, 3 4 5,
4 5 6, 5 6 7 and so on.
Complete the series: 5, 20, 24, 6, 2, 8, __.
A. 12 B. 10 C. 14 D. 15
Answer: A
24
Solution: Series is 5 4 = 20, 20 + 4 = 24, = 6,
4
6 4 = 2, 2 4 = 8, 8 + 4 = 1 and so on
Complete the series: 1, 2, 4, 13, 31, 112, _.
A. 224 B. 225 C. 226 D. 227
Answer: A
Solution: Note that no number has a digit more than 4.
The numbers in the series are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64
converted to base 5.
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Finding Missing Figures Which hexagon should substitute the question
Finding Missing Figure and mark?
Odd Man Out
www.youtube.com/watch?v=su
uCPnVaaEM

Draw missing pentagon in the above sequence.

A. B. C. D.

A. B. C. D.

Answer: D
Solution: Each subsequent figure is formed by adding
another triangle to the pentagon with its base on the Answer: D
subsequent side of the pentagon in clockwise direction. Solution: Each hexagon contents are determined by
contents of two hexagons immediately below it. Except
Which is the missing circle? if 2 lines appear at same position in which case they are
cancelled, lines from these two hexagons are carried
forward to the hexagon above.
Which box should substitute the question mark?
A. B. C. D.

Answer: A
Solution: In each subsequent figure, the long hand
moves 90 clockwise and the short hand moves 45
anticlockwise.
Which two symbols should replace the question
mark?

A. B. C. D.

Answer: A
Solution: Each row and column of 3 boxes contains
either 6 lines, two of each of 3 different lines, i.e.
horizontal, vertical and diagonal or contains 5 lines -
two of first two lines and one of third kind. In a figure if
the row contains six lines than the column contains five
lines and if the column contains 6 lines, row contains 5
A. B. C. D. lines.
Which triangle should substitute the one with the
question mark?

Answer: D
Solution: All connected circles have four different
symbols before repeating any symbol.

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