TALLER ANALISIS NUMERICO

ALUMNOS:

ARTURO PEA BLANCO

JAIDER VILLAMIZAR ARRIETA

GERMAN SOSA MONTENEGRO

PROF.

UNIVERSIDAD POPULAR DEL CESAR

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
VALLEDUPAR
CESAR
2015
TALLER 1 DE ANLISIS NUMRICO INTERPOLACIN LINEAL

1. tenemos los puntos (1,6) y (5,2), y queremos hallar el valor de y para x = 3.

(1, 6) (5, 2) y=?
x 0, x 1 y 0, y 1

y 1 y 0
p ( x ) = y 0+ ( xx 0 )
x 1x 0

26
p ( x ) =6+ ( x1 )
51

p ( x ) =6+ (1 )( x1 )

p ( x ) =x +7

p ( x ) =( 3 )+7

p ( x ) = y=4

2. obtn la funcin de interpolacin lineal que relaciona los siguientes datos: (0,1) y (1,0).
(0, 1) (1, 0) p ( x ) =?
x 0, x 1 y 0, y 1
y 1 y 0
p ( x ) = y 0+ ( xx 0 )
x 1x 0

01
p ( x ) =1+ ( x0 )
10

p ( x ) =1+ (1 ) ( x0 )

p ( x ) =x +1

3. f ( x )=ln ( x ) hallar la aproximacin para ln ( 1.134 ) .

No tenemos el valor de a buscamos un valor cercano a 1.134

ln ( 1 )=0 , tomamos a=1.
 Entonces
L ( x )=f ( a ) + f ' ( a ) ( xa )
1
L ( x )=0+ ( x1 )
x
L ( x )=0+1 ( x1 )
L ( x )=x 1
Entonces
L ( 1.134 )=1.1341
0.134

ln ( 1.134 ) 0.134
ln ( 1.134 ) =0.1257 Valor real

Error relativo

0.12570.134
e r= =0.0660
0.1257

4. f ( x )= x +3 En a 1, usela para aproximar 3.98 y 4.05 .

L ( x )=f ( a ) + f ' ( a ) ( xa )

1
L ( x )=2+ ( x1 )
2 x +3
1
L ( x )=2+ ( x1 )
4

x 7 ( 1) 7
L ( x )= + = + =2
4 4 4 4
Para la aproximacin de 3.98 hacemos a 0.98 ; x=a

( 0.98 ) 7
L ( x )= + =1.9950 ; 3.98=1.99499
4 4
Para la aproximacin de 4.05 hacemos a 1.05 ; x =a

( 1.05 ) 7
L ( x )= + =2.0125 ;
4 4
4.05=2.01246
Error relativo

1.99501.9949
e r (1 )= =
1.9950

e r (1 )=5.01 x 105

2.012462.0125
e r (2 )= =
2.01246

e r (2 )=1.98 x 105

3
5. f (x )= x+2 En a 6, usela para aproximar 3 9 .

L ( x )=f ( a ) + f ' ( a ) ( xa ) ; x=a

3 3
f ( a )= x+ 2= 8=2
1 1 1
f ' ( a )= = =
3 ( x +2 ) 2 /3
3 ( 8) 2 /3
12

1
L ( x )=2+ ( x6 )
12

x 3 (6) 3
L ( x )= + = + =2 Cuando x
12 2 12 2
6

Para la aproximacin de 3 9 hacemos a 7 ;

x=a

(7 ) 7
L ( x )= + =2.0833 ;
12 4
3 9=2.08008
Error relativo

2.08002.0833
e r ( 1 )= =
2.0800
3
e r (1 )=1.58 x 10
 TALLER 2 DE ANLISIS NUMRICO INTERPOLACIN DE LAGRANGE

1. Obtn el polinomio de interpolacin usando la frmula de interpolacin de LaGrange con la siguientes pares de
valores ( 7,6 ) ,(30,22) , e interpolar en un punto x=4 .
Solucin:
( 7,6 ) ,(30,22) x=4

xk 7 -6 x1 f1
yk 30 -22 7 30
L0 (x)=
(xx 1) x+ 6 x+6
= =
( x 0=, y 0x) =(7,30)
+
6 -6 -22
( x 0x 1 ) 7+6 13 13 13
( x 1 , y 1 )=(6,22)
( xx 0) x7 x7 x 7
L1 (x)= = = = +
( x 1x 0 ) 67 13 13 13

p ( x ) =f 0 L0 ( x ) + f 1 L1 ( x )

p ( x ) =30 ( 13x + 136 )+[22( x13 + 137 )]

 30 x 22 xp ( x ) = 30 x + 180 + 22 x 154
p (x )= + +2
13 13 13 13 13 13

52 x
p (x )= +2
13

x +6 4+ 6 2
L0 (4 )= = =
13 13 13
x7 47 11
L1 (4 )= = =
13 13 13

1
p ( x ) = y kL k
k=0

p ( x ) =30 ( 132 )22( 1311 )=14

2. Obtn el polinomio de interpolacin usando la forma de interpolacin de LaGrange con los siguientes valores
( 1,10 ) , (4,10 ) , (7,34 ) , e interpolar en el punto x=3.

Solucin:
( 1,10 ) , (4,10 ) , (7,34 )
( x 0 , y 0 ) =(1,10) Xi Fi
Xk 1 -4 -7 1 10
-4 10
Yk 1 1 3 ( x 1 , y 1 )=(4,10) -7 34
0 0 4
( x 2 , y 2 )=(7,34)

( xx 1) (xx 2) ( x+ 4)( x +7) x2 +7 x +4 x +28 x 2+ 11 x +28

L0 ( x ) = = =
(x 0x 1)( x 0x 2 ) (1+ 4)(1+7) 40 40

1 2 11 28 1 11 7
x + x + = x2 + x+
40 40 40 40 40 10
( xx 0 ) ( x x2 ) (x1)( x+7) 2 2
x +7 xx 7 x +6 x7
L1 ( x ) = = =
x ) 6
( x 1x 0 )( x1 7 1 2 2 7
(41)(4+7) 15 15
1 x22 x + = x x+
15 15 15 15 15 15
 1 3 4 1 1 1
x 2 + x = x 2+ x
24 24 24 24 8 6
p ( x ) =f 0L 0 +f
( xx L1+1f)2L2
0 )1( xx ( x1)( x +4) x 2 +4 xx 4 x 2 +3 x4
L2 ( x ) = = =
( x 2x 0 )( x 2x 1) (71)(7+4 ) 24 24

p ( x ) =( 10 ) ( 401 x + 1140 x + 107 )+( 10) ( 115 x 152 x+ 157 )+ ( 34) ( 241 x + 18 x 16 )
2 2 2

1 11 2 4 14 17 17 17
p ( x ) = x 2 + x +7 x2 x + + x 2+ x
4 4 3 3 3 12 4 3
17
p ( x ) =x2 + x +6
3

1 2 11 7 1 2 11 7 9 33 7 1
L0 (3 ) = x + x + = (3) + (3 ) + = + =
40 40 10 40 40 10 40 40 10 10

1 2 2 7 1 2 7 3 2 7 4
L1 (3 )= x x+ = (3 )2 (3 )+ = + =
15 15 15 15 15 15 5 5 15 15

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1
L2 (3 )= x + x = (3 )2 + (3 ) = =
24 8 6 24 8 6 8 8 6 6

2
p (3 ) = y k Lk (3)
k=0

p (3 ) =( 10 ) ( 101 ) (3 )+ ( 10) ( 154 ) (3 )+ ( 34) ( 16 )(3) =38+17

 p (3 ) =6

3. Obtener el polinomio de interpolacin usando la frmula de interpolacin de LaGrange con la siguiente tabla de
valores, e interpolar en el punto x=1
X k
-4 -3 2 -6

Yk -16 -5 -10 -50

Solucin:
Xk -4 -3 2 -6
Xi Fi
Yk -16 -5 -10 -50
-4 -16
( x 0 , y 0 ) =(4,16) -3 -5
2 -10
( x 1 , y 1 )=(3,5) -6 -50

( x 2 , y 2 )= ( 2,10 )
( x 3 , y 3 ) =(6,50)

x=1

( xx 1 )( xx 2)(xx 3 ) ( x +3)( x2)(x+6)

L0 ( x ) = =
(x 0x 1)( x 0x 2 )( x0 x 3) (4 +3)(42)(4+6)

(x+3)(x 2 +6 x2 x12) x 3+ 6 x22 x 212 x+3 x 2 +18 x6 x36

L0 ( x ) = =
12 12

3 2 3 2
x +7 x 36 x 7 x 36 1 3 1 2
L0 ( x ) = = + = x + x 3
12 12 12 12 12 12
 ( xx 0 ) ( xx 2 ) ( xx 3 ) ( x + 4 ) ( x2 ) ( x+6 )
L1 ( x ) = =
( x 1x 0 ) ( x1 x2 ) ( x 1x 3 ) (3+ 4 )(32 )(3+6 )
( x + 4)( x 2+ 6 x + 4 x48) x 3+ 6 x 22 x 2+ 12 x +4 x2 +24 x8 x 48
L1 ( x ) = =
15 15

x 3+ 8 x 2 + 4 x48 1 3 8 2 4 48
L1 ( x ) = = x x x+
15 15 15 15 15
1 3 8 2 4 16
L1 ( x ) = x x x+
15 15 15 5

( xx 0 ) ( xx 1 ) ( xx 3 ) ( x+ 4 )( x +3 ) ( x+ 6 )
L2 ( x ) = =
( x 2x 0 ) ( x 2x 1) ( x 2x 3 ) ( 2+4 ) ( 2+ 3 )( 2+6 )

( x + 4)(x 2+ 6 x+3 x +18) x 3 +6 x 2+3 x 2 +18 x + 4 x 2+ 24 x+12 x+ 72

L2 ( x ) = =
240 240

x 3+ 13 x 2 +54 x +72 1 3 13 2 54 72
L2 ( x ) = = x+ x + x+
240 240 240 240 240
1 3 13 2 9 3
L2 ( x ) = x + x + x+
240 240 40 10

( x x 0) ( x x1 ) ( xx 2 ) ( x+ 4 )( x +3 ) ( x2 )
L3 ( x ) = =
( x 3x 0 ) ( x 3x 1 )( x 3 x2 ) (6+4 ) (6 +3 ) (62 )

( x+ 4)( x 22 x+3 x6) x 32 x2 +3 x 26 x +4 x 28 x +12 x24

L3 ( x ) = =
48 48

x 3+ 5 x 22 x6 1 3 5 2 2 24
L3 ( x ) = = x x + x+
48 48 48 48 48
1 3 5 2 1 1
L3 ( x ) = x x + x+
48 48 24 2

p ( x ) =F 0 L0 ( x ) + F 1 L1 ( x ) + F 2 L2 ( x ) + F 3 L3 (x )

p ( x ) =(16 ) ( 121 x + 127 x 3)( 5) ( 115 x 158 x 154 x+ 165 )( 10) ( 2401 x + 240
3 2 3 2 3 2 13 9
40
3
x + x + )(50)(
10

4
 4 3 28 2 1 8 4 1 13 4 25 125 2 25
p (x )= x x +48+ x 3 + x 2 + x16 x 3 x 2 x3+ x 3+ x x25
3 3 3 3 3 24 24 9 24 24 24

p ( x ) =2 x 23 x+ 4

1 3 7 2 1 7 7
L0 ( 1 ) = x + x 3= ( 1 )3 + ( 1 )23=
12 12 12 12 3
1 3 8 2 4 16 1 3 8 2 4 16 7
L1 ( 1 ) = x x x+ = ( 1) ( 1) (1) + =
15 15 15 5 15 15 15 5 3
1 3 13 2 9 3 1 13 9 3 7
L2 ( 1 ) = x + x + + = (1)3 + (1)2 + (1 )+ =
240 240 40 10 240 240 40 10 12
1 3 5 2 1 1 1 3 5 1 1 5
L3 ( 1 ) = x x + x+ = ( 1 ) ( 1 )2 + ( 1 ) + =
48 48 24 2 48 48 24 2 12

3
p ( x ) = Y k Lk (1)
k=0

p ( x ) =(16 ) (73 )( 1) ( 5) ( 73 ) ( 1)( 10) ( 127 ) ( 1)( 50 )( 125 ) ( 1)=1

1
4. calcule el polinomio interpolador de LaGrange de la funcin f ( x )= , en los nodos
x
x 0=1, x1=2, x 2=3
Solucin:
( x 0 , y 0 ) =(1,1)
1
( )
( x 1 , y 1 )= 2, 2
1
( x , y )=( 3, 3 )
1 1
 1 x 0=1, x1=2, x 2=3
f ( x )=
x

( xx 1 ) ( xx 2 ) ( x 1 )( x3 ) x 23 xx +3
L0 ( x ) = = = =
( x 0x 1 ) ( x 0x 2 ) ( 22 )( 23 ) 0

(xx 0 )( xx 2) ( x1)(x3) x 23 xx +3 x 24 x+3 1 2 4 3

L1 ( x ) = = = = = x + x =x 2+ 4 x3
( x 1x 0 )( x 1x 2) (21)(23) 1 1 1 1 1

(xx 0 )( xx 1) ( x1)(x2) x 22 xx +2 x 23 x +2 1 2 3 2 1 3
L2 ( x ) = = = = = x x+ = x 2 x+ 1
( x 2x 0 )( x 2x 1) (31)(32) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

p ( x ) =F 0 L0 ( x ) + F 1 L1 ( x ) + F 2 L2 ( x )

p ( x ) =0+ ( 12 ) (x + 4 x3 )+( 13 )( 12 x 32 x +1)

2 2

1 2 3 1 1 1
p (x )= x + 2 x + x 2 x+
2 2 6 2 3

1 2 3 7
p (x )= x + x
3 2 6

L0 ( 1 ) =0
2
1 1 ( ) 1 1 1
L1 ()
2
=x2 + 4 x3=
3
+4
2 ( ) ()
3= 3=
4 2
3
4

1 1 2 3 1 2 3
L2
3 2()
= x x +1=
2
1
2 ( )( ) ( )( 13 )+1= 181 12 +1= 59
3

2
 5. interpolar la funcinf ( x )=xsen ( x ) por un polinomio de segundo grado que pase por los puntos
x 0=2, x1 =2,5 , x 3=3 calcule el valor interpolado de f ( x )=(2,1)
Solucin:

f ( x )=(2,1) x 0=2, x1 =2,5 , x 2=3

f ( x )=xsen ( x )

f 0 ( x )=f 0 ( 2 )=2 sen ( 2 ) =1,8189

f 1 ( x )=f 1 ( 2,5 ) =2,5 sen ( 2,5 )=1,4961
f 2 ( x )=f 2 ( 3 )=3 sen ( 3 )=0,4233

2
xx

(xx 1)
L0 ( x )=

2 2
(xx 0 )( xx 2) ( x2)( x 3) x 3 x2 x +6 x 5 x +6 1 2 5 6 2
L1 ( x )= = = = = x + x =4 x + 20
( x 1x 0 )( x 1x 2) (2,52)(2,53) 1 1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4 4

9 9
x2 x+5
(xx 0 )( xx 1) ( x2 ) (x2,5) x 22,5 x2 x +5 2 1 2 5
L2 ( x ) = = = = = x2 x + =2 x 29 x +1
( x 2x 0 )( x 2x 1) (32)(32,5) 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2

p ( x ) =F 0 L0 ( x ) + F 1 L1 ( x ) + F 2 L2 ( x )

p ( x ) =( 1,8185 )( 0 )+ ( 1,4961 ) (4 x2 +20 x24 ) + ( 0,4233 ) ( 2 x2 9 x+10 )

p ( x ) =05,9844 x 2 +29,922 x 5,9844+0,8466 x 23,8097 x+ 4,233

p ( x ) =5,1378 x 2+ 26,1123 x1,7514

L0 ( x )=0
2 2
L1 ( 2,1 )=4 x + 20 x24=4 ( 2,1 ) + 20 ( 2,1 )24=17,64+4224=0,36

L2 ( 2,1 ) =2 x 29 x +10=2 ( 2,1 )29 (2,1 )+10=8,8218,9+ 10=0,08

2
p ( x ) = Y k Lk (2,1)
k=0

p ( x ) =( 1,8185 )( 0 )( 2,1 ) + ( 1,4961 ) ( 0,36 ) ( 2,1 ) + ( 0,4233 ) (0,08 )( 2,1 )

p ( x ) =0+1,13100,0711

p ( x ) =1,0599