Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
1
from one library to another. Keeping this concept in
view, various library networks have been established
for cooperation and resource sharing among libraries.
They have grown mostly during the last thirty years in
different geographical environments in order to cater to
the specific needs of users.
2
a view to pooling their resources and to offer better
services to the users. They generally follow identical or
compatible rules and procedures.
3
In short, a network has been used to mean a formal
organization of group of libraries and information
centers following some common pattern or design for
information exchange and communication with a view
to improve efficiency.
Information explosion
5
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF LIBRARY
NETWORKS
6
The main aims and objectives of library network are
stated as the following:
To promote resource sharing and co-operation activities
among libraries by providing efficient and reliable
means of resource sharing, e.g.
Serials control
7
Circulation User services implementing electronic
services in the libraries for fast communication of
information
8
actual practice by all libraries, in order to facilitate
pooling, sharing and exchanging resources and facilities
towards optimization.
Information services
9
Functions that serve the users directly, i.e. information
services to users are:
Technical Services
Management services
10
Establish an operational system that implement the
functions mentioned above
collection of statistics
user studies
holding of meetings
Publication of newsletters, etc.
11
2.1 NETWORKING OF LIBRARIES IN INDIA
12
2.2 INTERNET AND LIBRARIES
13
2.3 SHARING OF INFORMARION THROUGH
LIBRARY NETWORKS
14
language, cost time etc. The recent developments in
Information science, Computer and Telecommunication
technologies have changed these perceptions on
account of multidimensional growth of published
documents. The modern libraries with the advanced
technology are forming library consortium for sharing
electronic resources
15
DRTC - Documentation Research and Training Centre,
Bangalore
16
1958: Scientific Policy Resolutions 1958. It was adopted
at the instance of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru. It emphasized
the fostering of scientific temper in people. In
pursuance of this agenda, several committees and
commissions were appointed to look into specific issues
and come up with necessary recommendations.
17
1993: NISSAT supported the establishment of ADINET,
Ahmedabad.
19
2.5 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION
NETWORKS IN INDIA
20
3.1 INFORMATION AND LIBRARY
NETWORK (INFLIBNET)
21
The Centre has made remarkable progress in its
ongoing programmes with an aim to keep abreast with
the trends and emerging technologies in information
and communication technology (ICT). The Centre has
also taken-up a number of initiatives for the benefit of
the academic community.
22
deemed to be universities, colleges, UGC information
centers, institutions of national importance and R & D
institutions, etc. avoiding duplication of efforts.
to promote and implement computerization of
operations and services in the libraries and information
centers of the country, following a uniform standard;
to evolve standards and uniform guidelines in
techniques, methods, procedures, computer hardware
and software, services and promote their adoption in
actual practice by all libraries, in order to facilitate
pooling, sharing and exchange of information towards
optimal use of resources and facilities:
to evolve a national network interconnecting various
libraries and information centers in the country and to
improve capability in information handling and service;
to provide reliable access to document collection of
libraries by creating on-line union catalogue of serials,
theses/ dissertations, books, monographs and non-book
materials (manuscripts, audio-visuals, computer data,
multimedia, etc.) in various libraries in India:
to provide access to bibliographic information sources
with citations, abstracts, etc. through indigenously
created databases of the Sectoral Information Centers
of NISSAT, UGC Information Centers, City Networks and
such others and by establishing gateways for on-line
accessing of national and international databases held
by national and international information networks and
centers respectively;
to develop new methods and techniques for archival of
valuable information available as manuscripts and
information documents in difference Indian languages,
23
in the form of digital images using high density storage
media;
to optimize information resource utilization through
shared cataloguing, inter-library loan service, catalogue
production, collection development and thus avoiding
duplication in acquisition to the extent possible;
to enable the users dispersed all over the country,
irrespective of location and distance, to have access to
information regarding serials, theses/dissertation,
books, monographic and non-book materials by
locating the sources wherefrom available and to obtain
it through the facilities of INFLIBNET and union
catalogue of documents;
to create databases of projects, institutions, specialists,
etc. for providing on-line information service;
to encourage co-operation among libraries,
documentation centers and information centers in the
country, so that the resources can be poled for the
benefit of helping the weaker resource centers by
stronger ones; and
to train and develop human resources in the field of
computerized library operations and networking to
establish, manage and sustain INFLIBNET.
To facilitate academic communication amongst
scientist, engineers, social scientists, academics,
faculties, researchers and students through electronic
mail, file transfer, computer/audio/video conferencing,
etc;
24
To undertake system design and studies in the field
of communications, computer networking, information
handling and data management;
To establish appropriate control and monitoring
system for the communication network and organize
maintenance;
To collaborate with institutions, libraries, information
centers and other organizations in India and abroad in
the field relevant to the objectives of the Centre;
To promote R&D and develop necessary facilities and
create technical positions for realizing the objectives of
the Centre;
To generate revenue by providing consultancies and
information services; and
To do all other such things as may be necessary,
incidental or conducive to the attainment of all or any
of the above objectives.
GOVERNANCE
The Centre is governed by its Governing Board and
Governing Council. The Finance Committee, a
subcommittee of the Governing Board, looks after the
financial aspects of the Centre. Constitution and major
responsibilities of these three committees are described
below:
Governing Council
25
Governing Council (GC) is an apex body of the Centre
chaired by its President, ex-officio Chairman of the UGC.
The Council has seven ex-officio members and three
nominated members. The members of the Governing
Board are also members of the Council, as such; total
number of members of the Council is 21. The
nominated members of the Council serve for a term of
3 years. The Director, INFLIBNET is the Member-
Secretary of the Council. The Council meets once in a
year. All members of Governing Board are also member
of Governing Council.
Governing Board
Finance Committee
27
Research Projects Database
28
and colleges. National and International Conventions
called PLANNER in North-eastern regions and CALIBER
in various states of India are being organized biannually
as part of the human resource development activities.
The Centre also conducts Training Programmes on
SOUL Installation and Operations for Libraries.
29
name, designation, area of expertise, organization,
state, etc. Profiles of experts can also be browsed using
Web of Science subject categories and organization
categories. Login IDs and passwords have been issued
to experts whose profile is available in the database
with a persistent URL enabling them to update their
profiles.
30
Union Catalogue of Serials
The INFLIBNET Centre maintains union database of
serials that provides bibliographic information of
journals subscribed in various universities and
maintains the information in three categories, namely
Serials Holdings and Current Serials and e-journals.
31
Bibliographical Details in MARC Format
33
Website for SOUL 2.0
34
India during December 2003. The UGC-Infonet Digital
Library Consortium provides current as well as archival
access to more than 8,500+ core and peer-reviewed
journals and 11 bibliographic databases from 28
publishers including commercial publishers, scholarly
societies, university presses and aggregators in
different disciplines. The programme was implemented
in a phased manner. In the first phase that began in
2004, access to e-resources was provided to 50
universities who had Internet connectivity under the
UGC-Infonet Connectivity programme. In the second
phase, 50 more universities were added to the
programme in the year 2005 as additional universities
got Internet connectivity through UGC-Infonet
Connectivity programme. So far, 212 member
institutions including 14 National Law Schools/
Universities and 5 IUCs of the UGC, are being provided
differential access to subscribed e-resources. These e-
resources cover almost all subject disciplines including
arts, humanities, social sciences, physical sciences,
chemical sciences, life sciences, computer sciences,
mathematics and statistics, etc. The programme is
wholly funded by the UGC and executed by the
INFLIBNET Centre. The Centre has also initiated Inter-
Library Loan (ILL) through J-Gate Plus. The J-Gate Plus
provides article-level access to all articles published in
journals subscribed by the UGC-Infonet Digital Library
Consortium as well as content in journals subscribed by
26 university libraries designated as ILL Centres of the
INFLIBNET Centre.
The Consortium has also launched its Associate
Membership Programme wherein private universities
35
and other research organizations are welcomed to join
the Consortium for selected e-resources.
37
Open Journal Access System (OJAS)
The INFLIBNET Centre has installed and configured
Open Journal System (OJS), open source software for
electronic publishing of the journals, to facilitate
hosting of electronic version of journals into open
access mode with all processes of submission, peer-
reviewing, editing, layout designing and publishing built
into it. The initiative encourages universities and
institutions that are publishing journals in print format
to use the platform for hosting electronic version of
their journals free-of-cost on servers at the INFLIBNET
Centre. The initiative also encourages faculty in
universities to start their own open access journals
using this platform.
During the period under report, INFLIBNET Centre
received ten new requests for hosting journals on
OJAS platform out of which four are in review process,
four were rejected and two journals were selected for
hosting on OJAS Platform.
39
The Centre uses web technology to provide organized
and structured access to its services and resources to
the academic community through the Centres Website
as well as through websites of its individual services
and products. The Centres Website is designed to work
as an integrated interface for all services and resources
accessible to the academic community in the
universities and colleges. The Web Development team
has especially been set-up for designing innovative web
based interfaces for effective and efficient delivery of
services using the latest web-based tools and
technologies. The Group undertakes all activities
related to selection, organization and presentation of
services and resources in a meaningful way for the
benefit of the user community.
40
E-Learning and e-Content Development
E-PG Pathshala
The MHRD, under its National Mission on Education
through ICT (NME-ICT) has allocated funds to the UGC
for development of e-content in 77 subjects at
postgraduate level. One subject comprises of 16 papers
and each paper consist 30-35 e-modules i.e. equivalent
to 40 hour lectures. This is a first of its kind single
largest extensive project, in terms of number of
modules to be developed and subjects to be covered in
India. High quality, curriculum-based and interactive
content are being developed in different subjects across
all disciplines of social sciences, arts, fine arts and
humanities, natural & mathematical sciences,
linguistics and languages under this initiative named e-
PG Pathshala. The Learning Management System for e-
PG Pathshala is available in open access and hosted on
INFLIBNET server as well as through Sakshat Portal.
41
learning material, textual material, multimedia enriched
materials, etc. through a single interface. Moreover,
features of faceted search, usage statistics, and
project-wise access are incorporated in this portal.
Features of learning experience such as Learners
Corner / My Account, mobile apps, syllabus based
access are being incorporated. The Centre has acquired
content from more than 25 principal investigators who
have developed content with funding from NME-ICT.
W
ebsite of e-PG Pathshala
42
Website of e-Acharya: Integrated e-Content
Portal
Institutional Repositories Customizations and
Support
43
establishment besides others. The Centre has
successfully carried out the project of platform up
gradation and security enhancement of institutional
repository (DIGITAP project) hosted at
NASDO, Indian Navy, Goa.
This group is also responsible to support and maintain
INFLIBNET Centres Institutional Repositories as well as
other open access initiatives like Shodhganga and
Shodhgangotri.
Publications
CONCLUSION
45
Library Consortium, launched in 2009, facilitates
private universities and other organizations to join the
Consortium and subscribe to desired resources on
payment basis. Internet connectivity to the universities
was enhanced from maximum of 2 Mbps to 10 Mbps
with switching over of ISP from ERNET India to BSNL. In
nutshell, the Centre has done noteworthy job in past
couple of years that has duly been recognized by the
academic community in India. The
N-LIST programme, extends access to scholarly content
to colleges in a highly imaginative and cost-effective
manner, regular scheme of the UGC-INFONET Digital
Library Consortium as its college component The
Centre has gone full throttle to promote and support
open access movement through Shodhganga,
ShodhGangotri, IR@INFLIBNET and OJS@INFLIBNET
Centre. All open access initiatives taken by the
INFLIBNET Centre has great potential to grow into major
knowledge bases on research conducted in Indian
universities. Open source R & D activities of the Centre
holds great promises for the LIS community in India.
The Centre has entered the world of Web 2.0 and
Library 2.0 with implementation and integration of
several Web 2.0 tools into the Centres Web site.
46
INFLIBNET's Website
47
3.2 DEVELOPING LIBRARY
NETWORK (DELNET)
48
The option left with the forward looking librarians had
been to promote the sharing of resources by
automation and networking. Initially, 40 libraries were
directly linked to the DELNET host system through e-
mail to promote library mailing, interlibrary requests,
transfer of files, exchange of messages, interlibrary
services, etc. Side by side with the automation of
participating libraries, the functions and services had
also started. During 2000 about 90 libraries were
members of DELNET. Almost all participating libraries
were computerized by means of acquisition and fund
accounting, cataloguing, circulation, serials control and
local users services. Users were able to locate books
and serials through Online Public Access Catalogue
(OPAC). A union catalogue of current periodicals
available in Delhi libraries, and a union list of current
serials available in Indian libraries were available on
online for DELNET participant libraries. A central
database of DELNET had been created and made
operational. This central database includes the library
holdings of DELNET member libraries used as union
catalogues of books/monographs.
50
and willing to contribute records of its library holdings
for resource sharing purposes among institutional
members of DELNET can join as an institutional
member of DELNET.
51
information besides offering computerized services to
users, to coordinate efforts for suitable collection
development and also to reduce unnecessary
duplication wherever possible.
53
size. It can be accessed by author, title, subject,
conference, series, etc. and also Boolean Operators can
be used. It contains about 2, 28, 45,202 bibliographic
records at present. Inter-library loan requests for books
are placed online. Requests are also received through
e-mail.
Union List of Current Periodicals
DELNET has created union list of current periodicals in
science and technology, social sciences and
humanities. This database is available online. It lists
37,847 titles of periodicals, both national and
international and is regularly updated. It is a major
source for Document Delivery Service for articles.
Union Catalogue of Periodicals
DELNET maintains a union catalogue of periodicals,
which contains full holdings data of the libraries. At
present, the database contains 20,235 records.
Database of Periodical Articles
The database has details of articles which can be
searched under the title, author, compiler, name of the
periodical and subject. The database is being
extensively utilized by the researchers and scholars. At
present the database contains 9, 22,042 records.
CD-ROM Database
A bibliographic database of CD-ROMs available with the
member-libraries is being compiled. It has 22,234
records.
Union List of Video Recordings
54
This is a database of video cassettes available in
DELNET member-libraries and has about 6,000 listings.
Union List of Sound Recordings
This union list consists of audio cassette records
available in member-libraries. This database has 1,025
records.
Database of Theses and Dissertations
A database of Theses and Dissertations submitted to
Indian Universities has been started, which covers
various subjects. The database has 81,074 records.
Union List of Newspapers
The database has 70 records and contains information
about the newspapers including title, name of the
editor, published from, E-mail address and also the Web
address of the INTERNET edition if available on the
WWW.
Database of E-books It has nearly 1613 records.
Profile of Member-Libraries A directory of member-
libraries is available and contains information about
them.
Delnet also provides access to
Cambridge Dictionaries online
Networked Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations
ODLIS: Online Dictionary of Library & Information
Science
GISTNIC Databases
MEDLINE & other databases of NLM
55
U.S. Patents: Full Text
Full Text Medical Journals
Open Access Journals
Engineering & Technology E-Journals: Table of
Contents
Full-Text Medical Books
Full-Text Engineering & Technology E-journals
Learning Resources for LIS Professionals
Digital Libraries of the World
Software
56
Software designed and developed exclusively to
work under all kinds of libraries.
Free up gradation
Barcode enabled.
Acquisition
Cataloguing
Circulation
OPAC
Administration
Export/Import
Authority Control
Article Indexing
Report Generation
Stock Verification
57
KOHA - Customized Version
Consortia Service
Retro-Conversion
58
DELNET undertakes retro-conversion projects
selectively.
Reference Services
Professional Training
Technical Support
59
emerge periodically. It saves expenses and time of the
Member-Institutions. DELNET also offers technical
advice to Member- Institutions in the selection of
hardware, software, communications links, etc. and
solves technical problems faced by Member-Libraries
from time to time.
Database Creation
Publications
NACLIN Proceedings
The proceedings of the National Convention on
Knowledge, Library and Information Networking
(NACLIN) are published every year since 1998. The
volumes are available on sale. Twenty per cent discount
is given to Libraries.
DELNET Newsletter
The DELNET Newsletter is published to spread the
message of library networking and increase the
awareness about latest developments in this field. The
Newsletter is also a forum for communication on the
advances, achievements and needs of the modern-day
libraries and their services.
Director's Report
60
The Director's Report is published every year since
1993.
Other Publications
Important publications based on seminars and
researches are published periodically.
Research
61
DELNET gives training in the use of Koha-an Open
Source Integrated Library System and DSpace for
building Digital Libraries. DELNET also offers
consultancy to libraries in implementing these Open
Source Software.
DELNET Initiatives
62
63
DELNETs Website
64
provide a 'link' to the user to locate desired
information. Networking and resource sharing thus
assumes a great importance at this juncture and such a
solution is being effectively provided by ADINET to the
users and librarians specializing in any discipline of
knowledge and available anywhere in the world.
ADINET is a Network of Libraries and Information
Centers in Gujarat. It was established in 1994 with an
initial grant for a few years from National Information
System for Science and Technology (NISSAT),
Department of Science and Industrial Research,
Government of India, New Delhi. It caters to all types of
Libraries: school, college, universities, institutional
libraries and even public libraries. Hence, access is
provided to hundreds of libraries, librarians and
organizations through the ADINET Network.
The main vision of ADINET is to join Libraries, to enable
them to achieve what cannot be done by one library
alone. This will help them to harness their limited
resources and collective strengths so that Libraries can
continue to play their historic role as society's portal to
information. ADINET therefore promotes sharing of
resources and disseminates valuable information by
networking libraries.
66
texts of selected articles from content pages are
supplied.
Supply of Photocopies from journals published by
more than 19 major publishers which cover over
five thousand journals.
Manpower Development Programs
Completion of backlog of any work of Library and
Information Centers
Digitization Work
Retro conversion Data entry of Catalog Cards
Quarterly Seminars on Current Trends in Libraries.
Librarians' Day Celebration
67
Power Point Presentations of Monthly Lecture
Series.
Events @ ADINET
Publications
68
ADINETS Website
69
3.4 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
NETWORK (ERNET)
70
Government of India and United Nations Development
Program (UNDP), involving eight premier institutions as
participating agencies NCST (National Centre for
Software Technology) Bombay, IISc (Indian Institute of
Science) Bangalore, five IITs (Indian Institutes of
Technology) at Delhi, Bombay, Kanpur, Kharagpur and
Madras, and the DoE, New Delhi.
ERNET began as a multi protocol network with both the
TCP/IP and the OSIIP protocol stacks running over the
backbone. Since 1995, however, almost all traffic is
carried over TCP/IP. ERNET (Education and Research
Network) has made a significant contribution to the
emergence of networking in the country. It practically
brought the Internet to India and has built up national
capabilities in the area of networking, especially in
protocol software engineering. It has not only
succeeded in building a large network that provides
various facilities to the intellectual segment of Indian
society the research and education community, it has
over the years become a trendsetter in the field of
networking. UNDP has lauded ERNET as one of the
most successful programmes it has funded. The Govt.
of India has committed itself to further strengthen the
project by including it in the 9th Plan with the allocation
of funds and by creation of a new organizational setup
in the form of a Society. The Science community of the
country has also recognized ERNET's contribution both
for infrastructure services as well as for R&D. In 1998, it
became an autonomous scientific society ERNET India
under the administrative control of Department of
Information Technology, Govt. of India.
71
MISSION, VISION, AND OBJECTIVES
Vision of ERNET is to advance Indian Research and
Education by operating and developing world class
Networks, Applications and Services.
72
Services, Hosting Services and Operations Support
Services to all Educational and Research Community of
India. ERNET provides access to its network through
various connectivity options. Application services
include Email hosting, domain registration, MPLS VPN. It
also provides Web Services having state of art of Data
Centre. Other services include IT Consultancy and
Project Management services for establishment of IT
infrastructure & converged Network Projects.
Connectivity
73
VSAT links: Two types of VSAT links are being provided
for Internet & Intranet access:
(a) TDM/FTDMA based Broadband VSAT links
(b) SCPC DAMA VSAT links
About VSAT links
ERNETs Satellite based Wide Area Network ERNET
India operates a VSAT network in C-Band using INSAT
satellite for providing Internet & Intranet access to
education and research institutions located all over the
country. Its Mater Earth Station (MES) and Network
Operation Centre (NOC) is equipped with 9.2 meter
antenna and is connected to ERNET terrestrial
backbone through a dedicated high speed link at
Bengaluru. The VSAT network provides two types of
links/services, viz., TDM / FTDMA based Broadband
VSAT and SCPC DAMA VSAT.
Distinguishing feature of VSAT links provided by ERNET
India: ERNET VSAT Network operates in C-band of
satellite transponder space, therefore VSAT links
provided by ERNET India are least affected by rain and
other weather conditions. Our VSAT links provide a high
degree of reliability and continuous operation all over
the country. Our VSATs work efficiently even in difficult
and far flung areas of Andaman and Nicobar &
Lakshadweep Islands in all weather conditions.
74
common outbound capable of reaching up to 66Mbps. It
supports all standard IP applications such as broadband
Internet/Intranet, VoIP, IP multicast, video conferencing,
etc. These VSATs are cost effective and capable to
provide bandwidth up to 2Mbps.
MPLS VPN
75
individual point to point circuits between each office
using pair of leased lines, MPLS VPN customers need to
provide only one connection from their office to all
other affiliated campuses.
ERNET now offers MPLS VPN as services to offer
assured bandwidth upgrades to its customers without
having to make significant investments. Video
Conferencing, Voice over IP (VoIP) and a host of other
value added services can be used over MPLS VPN in
closed user group.
Web Hosting
76
number of performance tuned, hi-end and secured
servers The Data Centre is connected to Internet on a
high speed/bandwidth.
79
Campus networks are interconnected with high speed
Ethernet links operating over optical fiber such as
Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet. Tiered
hierarchal architecture is used to establish Campus
network with core, distribution & access segments for
efficient flow of information & data traffic. All buildings,
blocks, centers, hostels, residential complex, hostels
are connected through high speed fiber optical cable
and all nodes inside a building are connected through
UTP copper cable support gigabits speed. Seminar
halls, conference rooms and common areas in the
campus are Wifi enabled through deployment of
secured 802.11 based wireless access points with
centralized authentication to allow secure network
80
access through laptops and Wifi enabled devices.
Internet & all applications/services are deployed at
central locations from where faculty, staff and students
access them using their desktops & laptops anytime
from anywhere in the campus.
Email Hosting
Training
81
Network
Projects
National
ICT Vocational Centres for Disabled Students
82
ICT Centres for rural Schools
Repository of Digital Library
CICVV
Cyber Forensics
E-Linkage of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas
E-Linkage of Kendriya Vidyalayas
E-Linkage of Krishi Vigyan Kendras under ICAR
Data Centre
Campus Network
Video Conferencing
6LowPAN
Mobile IPv6
VSESS
International
TEIN3
MY FIRE
EU-India Grid
83
Mobile IPv6
Earlier Project
ERNETs Website
84
3.5 MADRAS LIBRARY NETWORK
(MALIBNET)
85
Faced with challenge of meeting of the growing
information demands of user community and obviating
the problem of resource crunch in libraries, a
mechanism for sharing the resources was
contemplated. The idea of forming a network of
libraries in Madras was conceived during 1991 by
academicians and scientists. MALIBNET (Madras Library
Network), a registered society was formed in 1993 to
bring about cooperative working among libraries and
information centres in and around Madras, networking
them to share their resources.
Presently 93 libraries in Madras are contributing
actively to the creation of various databases in
MALIBNET. With the help of communication links and
sophisticated information technology, the resources of
86
the member libraries are shared and made available to
users.
87
To centrally acquire information, specially the
contents and abstracts from all the journals and
then disseminate information as and when
required, thus avoiding duplication in journal
acquisition and reducing the expenditure of
individual libraries.
To organize conferences, lectures, workshops and
seminars.
To undertake scientific research in the field of
library & documentation.
General Services
Access to list of current serials subscribed in 50
libraries
Full journal holdings of these libraries
Access to specialized database giving article index
with abstracts
Door delivery system for document copies
Access to International databases through INSDOC
Contents, Abstracts & Photocopies from about
1200 important journals under CAPS service
Contents information of journals supplied
as per user's choice
Each subscription covering 20 journals
Contents data supplied in hard copy form,
through E-mail or in diskette with retrieval
software
88
12 dispatches under one subscription
Standing order based/Demand based Abstract
service from journals
Full text of journal articles from member libraries
supplied within 48 hours
Creation of specialized databases at user's request
Library automation
Training courses
Consultancy in networking and computerization
89
Patents Database
Polymer Science Database
MALIBNET Freeware
91
The Polymer Science Database is a database on
polymer science and related scientific areas.
International Databases
92
incurred in searching the International databases
through Dialog, Data star or STN International.
Internet Services
Seminars/ Meeting/Events
93
Library Automation and Networking
Internet
Membership
94
MALIBNETs Website
95
CONCLUSION
96
REFERENCES
97