CANAL DE SECCIN TRAPECIAL

Datos
Q = 20
y b= 4
y = 2.5
n = 0.02
b s = 0.00201
k= 1
A = by+ky 2
A = 16.250
P=b+2y(k2+1)1/2 P = 11.071
Rh = A/P Rh = 1.468
B = b + 2ky T = 9.000

Si buscamos el gasto (yn = DATO)

Q = (1/n)ARh2/3s1/2
Q = 47.047

Si buscamos el tirante normal (Q = DATO)

(Q*n)/s1/2 = A*Rh2/3
V=1/n*Rh2/3s1/2
(Q*n)/s1/2 = 8.922 V = 2.293

el tirante normal resulta

(by+ky2)*((by+ky2)/(b+2y(k2+1)1/2))2/3-(Q*n)/s1/2 = 0 (a)

yn = 1.567 comprobacin 8.922

( a ) = 0.00

Calculo del tirante critico Energia minima

Q2/g = Ac3/Bc Emin = yc + Vc2/2g

Q2/g = 40.775 Emin = 5.467

el tirante critico resulta

((byc+kyc2)3/(b+2kyc))-Q2/g=0 (b)

yc = 0.453 Pendiente critica

( b ) = -39.104 Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Sc = 0.142057
comprobacin 1.671

Vc = Q/A
Vc = 9.919
Vc /2g = 5.014
2
Calculo del gasto a partir del critico (yc = DATO)

yc = 0.45
Pendiente critica
Q = ((Ac3/ T)g)1/2 Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Q = 4.010 Sc = 0.005831
SALTO HIDRAULICO

Ecuacion momentum M=Q2/(g*A) + ZG*A

Conocido ycm
ycm = 0.30 V1 = Q/A1
V1 = 15.504
F1M = Q/(g *k*ycm )
1/2 5/2
k =(k1+k2)/2
F1M = 129.5 k= 1
t1=b/(kycm)
t1= 13.3

De tablas leemos el valor de la relacin y2/y1 con F1M y t1

y2/y1 = 2.20
yCM = 0.66

Longitud del salto Altura del salto

L = 5yCM (1+4((yCM-ycm)/ycm)1/2) h = yCM - ycm

L = 17.76 h = 0.360

Conocido yCM
yCM = 0.53 V2 = Q/A2
V2 = 8.330
F2M = Q/(g *k*y
1/2
CM
5/2
) k =(k1+k2)/2
F2M= 31.2 k= 1
t2=b/(kyCM)
t2= 7.5

De tablas leemos el valor de la relacin y1/y2 con F2M y t2

y1/y2 = 0.78
ycm = 0.41

Longitud del salto Altura del salto

L = 5yCM (1+4((yCM-ycm)/ycm)1/2) h = yCM - ycm

L = 8.28 h = 0.117
 CALCULO DE PERFILES

Datos del tramo y = 0.02

Q= 4 yinicial = 0.3
b= 2
s= 0
n = 0.017
k= 2

y [m] A [m2] P [m] Rh [m] T [m] V [m/s] %V Fr

0.300 0.780 3.342 0.233 3.200 5.128 3.316
0.320 0.845 3.431 0.246 3.280 4.735 7.7 2.979
0.340 0.911 3.521 0.259 3.360 4.390 7.3 2.691
0.360 0.979 3.610 0.271 3.440 4.085 6.9 2.445
0.380 1.049 3.699 0.284 3.520 3.814 6.6 2.231
0.400 1.120 3.789 0.296 3.600 3.571 6.4 2.044
0.420 1.193 3.878 0.308 3.680 3.353 6.1 1.881
0.440 1.267 3.968 0.319 3.760 3.157 5.9 1.736
0.460 1.343 4.057 0.331 3.840 2.978 5.7 1.608
0.480 1.421 4.147 0.343 3.920 2.815 5.5 1.493
0.500 1.500 4.236 0.354 4.000 2.667 5.3 1.390
0.520 1.581 4.326 0.365 4.080 2.530 5.1 1.298
0.540 1.663 4.415 0.377 4.160 2.405 5.0 1.214
0.560 1.747 4.504 0.388 4.240 2.289 4.8 1.139
0.580 1.833 4.594 0.399 4.320 2.182 4.7 1.070
0.600 1.920 4.683 0.410 4.400 2.083 4.5 1.007
0.620 2.009 4.773 0.421 4.480 1.991 4.4 0.949
0.640 2.099 4.862 0.432 4.560 1.905 4.3 0.897
0.660 2.191 4.952 0.443 4.640 1.825 4.2 0.848
0.680 2.285 5.041 0.453 4.720 1.751 4.1 0.803
0.700 2.380 5.130 0.464 4.800 1.681 4.0 0.762
0.720 2.477 5.220 0.474 4.880 1.615 3.9 0.724
0.740 2.575 5.309 0.485 4.960 1.553 3.8 0.688
0.760 2.675 5.399 0.496 5.040 1.495 3.7 0.655
0.780 2.777 5.488 0.506 5.120 1.441 3.7 0.625
0.800 2.880 5.578 0.516 5.200 1.389 3.6 0.596
0.820 2.985 5.667 0.527 5.280 1.340 3.5 0.569
0.840 3.091 5.757 0.537 5.360 1.294 3.4 0.544
0.860 3.199 5.846 0.547 5.440 1.250 3.4 0.521
0.880 3.309 5.935 0.557 5.520 1.209 3.3 0.499
0.900 3.420 6.025 0.568 5.600 1.170 3.3 0.478
0.920 3.533 6.114 0.578 5.680 1.132 3.2 0.458
0.940 3.647 6.204 0.588 5.760 1.097 3.1 0.440
0.960 3.763 6.293 0.598 5.840 1.063 3.1 0.423
0.980 3.881 6.383 0.608 5.920 1.031 3.0 0.406
1.000 4.000 6.472 0.618 6.000 1.000 3.0 0.391
1.020 4.121 6.562 0.628 6.080 0.971 2.9 0.376
1.040 4.243 6.651 0.638 6.160 0.943 2.9 0.363
1.060 4.367 6.740 0.648 6.240 0.916 2.8 0.350
1.080 4.493 6.830 0.658 6.320 0.890 2.8 0.337
1.100 4.620 6.919 0.668 6.400 0.866 2.8 0.325
ULO DE PERFILES

Sf y Fr sf x [m] x [m]
0.05288
0.04198 0.02 3.148 0.04743 3.76 3.76
0.03376 0.02 2.835 0.03787 3.72 7.47
0.02747 0.02 2.568 0.03061 3.65 11.13
0.02257 0.02 2.338 0.02502 3.57 14.70
0.01872 0.02 2.138 0.02065 3.46 18.15
0.01565 0.02 1.962 0.01719 3.32 21.47
0.01319 0.02 1.808 0.01442 3.15 24.62
0.01119 0.02 1.672 0.01219 2.94 27.56
0.00955 0.02 1.550 0.01037 2.71 30.27
0.00820 0.02 1.442 0.00888 2.43 32.70
0.00708 0.02 1.344 0.00764 2.11 34.81
0.00614 0.02 1.256 0.00661 1.75 36.56
0.00535 0.02 1.177 0.00575 1.34 37.89
0.00469 0.02 1.104 0.00502 0.87 38.77
0.00412 0.02 1.038 0.00440 0.36 39.12
0.00363 0.02 0.978 0.00388 -0.22 38.90
0.00322 0.02 0.923 0.00342 -0.86 38.04
0.00286 0.02 0.872 0.00304 -1.57 36.46
0.00254 0.02 0.826 0.00270 -2.36 34.11
0.00227 0.02 0.783 0.00241 -3.22 30.89
0.00204 0.02 0.743 0.00215 -4.16 26.73
0.00183 0.02 0.706 0.00193 -5.19 21.54
0.00165 0.02 0.672 0.00174 -6.31 15.23
0.00149 0.02 0.640 0.00157 -7.53 7.70
0.00135 0.02 0.610 0.00142 -8.86 -1.17
0.00122 0.02 0.582 0.00128 -10.30 -11.47
0.00111 0.02 0.557 0.00116 -11.86 -23.32
0.00101 0.02 0.532 0.00106 -13.53 -36.86
0.00092 0.02 0.510 0.00096 -15.35 -52.20
0.00084 0.02 0.488 0.00088 -17.29 -69.49
0.00077 0.02 0.468 0.00081 -19.39 -88.88
0.00071 0.02 0.449 0.00074 -21.64 -110.52
0.00065 0.02 0.431 0.00068 -24.04 -134.56
0.00060 0.02 0.415 0.00062 -26.62 -161.19
0.00055 0.02 0.399 0.00057 -29.38 -190.57
0.00051 0.02 0.384 0.00053 -32.32 -222.89
0.00047 0.02 0.370 0.00049 -35.46 -258.35
0.00043 0.02 0.356 0.00045 -38.81 -297.16
0.00040 0.02 0.343 0.00042 -42.37 -339.52
0.00037 0.02 0.331 0.00039 -46.15 -385.67
CANAL DE SECCIN RECTANGULAR
Datos
Q = 11
y b= 3
y = 1.6651
n = 0.015
b s = 0.002045

A = by A= 4.995
P = b + 2y P= 6.330
Rh = A/P Rh = 0.789
B= 3.000

Si buscamos el gasto (yn = DATO)

Q = (1/n)ARh2/3s1/2
Q = 12.860

Si buscamos el tirante normal (Q = DATO)

(Q*n)/s1/2 = A*Rh2/3
V=1/n*Rh2/3s1/2
(Q*n)/s1/2 = 3.649 V = 2.489

el tirante normal resulta

by*(by/(b+2y))2/3-(Q*n)/s1/2 = 0 (a)

yn = 1.500 comprobacin 3.715

( a ) = 0.07

Clculo del tirante critico Energia minima

yc = (q2/g)1/3 Emin = (3/2)yc

yc = 1.111 Emin = 1.666

Vc = Q/A Pendiente critica

Vc = 3.301 Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Sc = 0.004462

Clculo del gasto a partir del critico (yc = DATO)

yc = 1.65
Pendiente critica
Q = (yc g) b
3 1/2
Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Q = 19.915 Sc = 0.005023
 tirante normal (Fr= Dato)

Q^2 121
b^2 9
Fr^2 (dato) 0.743 0.552049
g (conocida) 9.81

yn 2.4825398352 1.3540
SALTO HIDRAULICO

Ecuacin momentum M=Q2/(g*A) + ZG*A

Conocido ycm
ycm = 0.50 V1 = Q/A1
V1 = 7.333
yCM/ycm = (1/2)*((1+8F ) -1) r1
2 1/2
Fr1 = V1/(g*ycm)1/2
yCM = 2.10 Fr1 = 3.311

Longitud del salto Altura del salto

L = 6(yCM - ycm) h = yCM - ycm

L = 9.63 h = 1.605

Conocido yCM
yCM = 1.6 V2 = Q/A2
V2 = 2.292
ycm/yCM = (1/2)*((1+8F ) -1) r2
2 1/2
Fr2 = V2/(g*yCM)1/2
ycm = 0.73 Fr2 = 0.578

Longitud del salto Altura del salto

L = 6(yCM - ycm) h = yCM - ycm

L = 5.20 h = 0.866

Clculo del gasto Q y el tirante normal yn a partir del froude

Fr = V/(gy)0,5 Fr = 0.69552
2 1
by 1
( b+2 y ) 3 s 2
n
Fr gy=0

yn = 1.496
(d) = -0.1780278389

Clculo de la pendiente
2
Qn
2
3
ARh
s = 0.001496187

F1= 0.545
 CALCULO DE PERFILES

Datos del tramo y = 0.06

Q = 11 yinicial = 0.7
b = 10
s= 0
n = 0.015

y [m] A [m2] P [m] Rh [m] T [m] V [m/s] %V

0.70 7.00 11.40 0.61 10.00 1.57
0.76 7.60 11.52 0.660 10.000 1.447 7.9
0.82 8.20 11.64 0.704 10.000 1.341 7.3
0.88 8.80 11.76 0.748 10.000 1.250 6.8
0.94 9.40 11.88 0.791 10.000 1.170 6.4
1.00 10.00 12.00 0.833 10.000 1.100 6.0
1.06 10.60 12.12 0.875 10.000 1.038 5.7
1.12 11.20 12.24 0.915 10.000 0.982 5.4
1.18 11.80 12.36 0.955 10.000 0.932 5.1
1.24 12.40 12.48 0.994 10.000 0.887 4.8
1.30 13.00 12.60 1.032 10.000 0.846 4.6
1.36 13.60 12.72 1.069 10.000 0.809 4.4
1.42 14.20 12.84 1.106 10.000 0.775 4.2
1.48 14.80 12.96 1.142 10.000 0.743 4.1
1.54 15.40 13.08 1.177 10.000 0.714 3.9
1.60 16.00 13.20 1.212 10.000 0.688 3.8
1.66 16.60 13.32 1.246 10.000 0.663 3.6
1.72 17.20 13.44 1.280 10.000 0.640 3.5
CALCULO DE PERFILES

Fr Sf y Fr sf x [m] x [m]
0.600 0.00106
0.530 0.00082 0.06 0.565 0.00094 -43.34 -43.34
0.473 0.00065 0.06 0.502 0.00073 -61.24 -104.58
0.425 0.00052 0.06 0.449 0.00058 -82.33 -186.91
0.385 0.00042 0.06 0.405 0.00047 -106.85 -293.76
0.351 0.00035 0.06 0.368 0.00038 -135.03 -428.78
0.322 0.00029 0.06 0.337 0.00032 -167.08 -595.87
0.296 0.00024 0.06 0.309 0.00027 -203.25 -799.12
0.274 0.00021 0.06 0.285 0.00023 -243.73 -1042.85
0.254 0.00018 0.06 0.264 0.00019 -288.75 -1331.60
0.237 0.00015 0.06 0.246 0.00017 -338.51 -1670.11
0.221 0.00013 0.06 0.229 0.00014 -393.20 -2063.32
0.208 0.00012 0.06 0.214 0.00013 -453.04 -2516.35
0.195 0.00010 0.06 0.201 0.00011 -518.20 -3034.56
0.184 0.00009 0.06 0.189 0.00010 -588.88 -3623.44
0.174 0.00008 0.06 0.179 0.00009 -665.26 -4288.69
0.164 0.00007 0.06 0.169 0.00008 -747.51 -5036.20
0.156 0.00007 0.06 0.160 0.00007 -835.81 -5872.01
 MTODO DE RUHIMANN

L=
y0
s0 [( )

u0
y0
( 0. 01 )
]
Datos:

Q= 12
u0 = 0.5
y0 = 2
s0 = 0.001105
n= 0.015
(0,01) = 0.0067
X = 300

u0
= 0.2500
y0

Interpolando con los valores de tablas

u u
y0
( )
y0

Datos 0.37 1.4638

u
Calculados 0.250 1.2670 ( )=
y 0 1.2670
Datos 0.375 1.472

CALCULO DE LA LONGITUD DE REMANSO

L=
y0
s0 [( )

u0
y0
( 0. 01 )
]
L= 2281.09
TODO DE RUHIMANN

CALCULANDO LA SOBREELEVACIN A LA DISTANCIA X

X
a i
=
y0
s0 [ ( ) ( )]

u0
y0

ui
y0

ui
despejando
( ) y0 resulta

ui u s
( ) ( )
y0
= 0 X 0
y0 y0

ui
( )
y0
= 1.1013

u u
( )
y0 y0

Datos 1.2763 0.265

Calculados 1.101 0.1757
Datos 1.2861 0.27

ui= 0.1757 y 0
ui = 0.3514 sobreelevacin

El tirante yi ubicado a X es

yX = ui + y0
yX = 2.35 tirante
DATOS QUE DEVEMOS TENER

u =yn-yc la diferencia del tirante ormal anterior menos tirante normal en estud
yn= 2
yc= 1.5

s =pendiente del tramo
0.00139

n= 0.015
ante normal en estudi
 MTODO DE WECHMANN

Datos:

Q= 12
u0 = 0.811
y0 = 1.5
s0 = 0.002348
X= 300

a = y0 + u 0 a = 2.30

CALCULANDO L

a
L= L = 979.5571
s0

CALCULANDO n

s0 L
n= n = 1.5333
y0

CALCULANDO P

Ln P = 25713.0946
P=
y0

OBTENIENDO V A PARTIR DE X n= PV (X es la distancia a la que se quiere conocer el tirant

Xn
V= V = 0.2444
P
CALCULANDO b

a
b= ( L X ) b = 1.5956
L
x
CALCULANDO y A LA DISTANCIA DADA
s0

y X = b+V yX = 1.8400

Para conocer la sobreelevacin solo hay que restar el tirante normal

u X = y X y 0 uX = 0.3400
NN

Ua=u0 lo que se abate el tirante normal en la seccion de contr

y0= TIRANTE NORMAL DE LA SECCION
S0=PENDIENTE NORMAL

la que se quiere conocer el tirante)

V sobreelevacin

b
en la seccion de control
DATOS
Q= 12
y1 = 1.6585 R1= 0.7876
Rm = 0.8224
y2 = 2 R4= 0.8571
b= 3 V1 = 2.4118
Vm = 2.2059
s1 = 0.001105 V2 = 2.0000
s2 = 0.01339 la pendiente es la que esta con delta z en la formula del problema
n= 0.015

APLICANDO BERNOULLI

V 21 V 22
z + y 1 + = y 2+ + hf
2g 2g
2
Vmn
Z =s 0 l h f =
R 2
( )
m
3
l

L = 20.795
del problema
Datos:

Q = 12
b = 3
n = 0.014
s0 = 0.001706
yn = 2
l = 40
k= 1

CARACTERISTICAS GEOMETRICAS

A =by +ky 2 10.00

P=by +2 y k 2 +1 8.66
A 1.16
Rh =
P
7.00
B=b +2 ky
CALCULANDO LA VELOCIDAD

1 2/ 3 1 /2 v = 3.25
v= R s
n h

Clculo del tirante critico Energia minima

Q2/g = Ac3/Bc Emin = yc + Vc2/2g

Q2/g = 14.679 Emin = 5.734

el tirante critico resulta

((byc+kyc2)3/(b+2kyc))-Q2/g=0

yc = 5.731 Pendiente critica

( b ) = 8649.467 Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Sc = 0.016045

Vc = Q/A
Vc = 0.240
Vc2/2g = 0.003

Clculo del gasto a partir del critico (yc = DATO)

yc = 0.45
Pendiente critica
Q = ((Ac / T)g)
3 1/2
Sc = (Q*n/(AcRhc2/3)2
Q = 3.068 Sc = 0.0030
 MTODO DE LA ESCALERA

FORMULAS A UTILIZAR

1 + Z = 2 + h f
2
Vn
Z =s 0 l h f =
( )
R 2
h 3
l

TABLA DE RESULTADOS y = 0.1 Tirante de control

y A P Rh Rh2/3 V=Q/A
2.00 10.00 8.66 1.16 1.10 1.20
1.90 9.31 8.37 1.11 1.07 1.29
1.80 8.64 8.09 1.07 1.04 1.39
1.70 7.99 7.81 1.02 1.02 1.50
1.60 7.36 7.53 0.98 0.99 1.63
1.50 6.75 7.24 0.93 0.95 1.78
1.40 6.16 6.96 0.89 0.92 1.95
1.30 5.59 6.68 0.84 0.89 2.15
1.20 5.04 6.39 0.79 0.85 2.38
1.10 4.51 6.11 0.74 0.82 2.66
1.00 4.00 5.83 0.69 0.78 3.00
0.90 3.51 5.55 0.63 0.74 3.42
0.80 3.04 5.26 0.58 0.69 3.95
0.70 2.59 4.98 0.52 0.65 4.63
0.60 2.16 4.70 0.46 0.60 5.56
0.50 1.75 4.41 0.40 0.54 6.86
0.40 1.36 4.13 0.33 0.48 8.82
0.30 0.99 3.85 0.26 0.40 12.12
0.20 0.64 3.57 0.18 0.32 18.75
Tirante de control 2.00

hv hf + hf
0.07 2.07 0.009 2.08
0.08 1.98 0.011 2.00
0.10 1.90 0.014 1.91
0.11 1.81 0.017 1.83
0.14 1.74 0.021 1.76
0.16 1.66 0.027 1.69
0.19 1.59 0.035 1.63
0.23 1.53 0.046 1.58
0.29 1.49 0.061 1.55
0.36 1.46 0.083 1.54
0.46 1.46 0.117 1.58
0.60 1.50 0.169 1.66
0.79 1.59 0.254 1.85
1.09 1.79 0.402 2.20
1.57 2.17 0.682 2.85
2.40 2.90 1.266 4.16
3.97 4.37 2.685 7.05
7.49 7.79 7.041 14.83
17.92 18.12 27.223 45.34