DRUG MECHANISME AND CLINICAL USED

N DRUGS MECHANISM OF ACTION TOXICITY CLINICAL USED

O
1 Albendazol Unclear short therapy Wide anthelmintic
To block glucose uptake (larva-adult A few toxic effect, may spectrum
worm) decrease formation of ATP reversible :leukopenia, Larva migran
To inhibit to microtubule assembly alopecia (ancylostoma sp)
Long-term therapy Ascariasis
Change in liver enzyme Roundworm
Bone marrow suppression Whipworm,
and fetal toxicity (animal) threadworm
CI : Pregnancy Hookworm,
pinworm
2 Mebendazol Selectively inhibiting microtubule Limited to GIT iritation Drug of choice for
synthesis and glucose uptake Embriotoxicity (teratogenic) PINWORM and
WHIPWORM
Note: <10% is absorbed systemically Combined with
(oral) to be metabolized rapidly pyrantel pamoate
ascarids and
hookworm

N DRUGS MECHANISM OF ACTION TOXICITY CLINICAL USED

O
3 Thiabendazol Similar with mebendazole GIT iritation, headache, Drug of Choice for
dizzines, drowsiness, visceral form
Notes : leucopenia, hematuria, strongyloidiasis,
 Rapidly absorbed from the gut intrahepatic cholectasis cutaneus
Metabolized by liver enzym Rx cause by dying parasites larvamigran,
Has anti-inflamatory in host fever, chills, threadworm
lymphadenophaty, skin rush
4 Pyrantel Stimulate nicotinic receptor MINOR Drug of choice for
pamoate (neuromuscular junction) muscle GI distress, headache, hookworm, pinworm,
contraction depolarization induce weakness roundworm
paralysis
Notes :
poorly absorbed from the gut

5 Piperazine Against at GABA receptors paralyzed Mild GIT Iritation Alternative drug for
CI : Seizures Ascariasis

N DRUGS MECHANISM OF TOXICITY CLINICAL USED

O ACTION
6 Ivermectine Intensifies GABA mediated
neurotransmission causes
immobilization of parasites
Fever, headache, dizzines, Drug of choice for
rashes, pruritus, tachycardia, strongyloidiasis
hypotension, pain in joint, Alternative drug for
muscle and lymp gland (short filariasis
duration)
Can be controled by
antihistamine and AINS

7 Diethylcarbam Imobilizes microfilariae Headache, malaise, Drug of choice for

azine (unknown) weakness, anorexia FILARIASIS
Increase their susceptibility
to host defense mechanism
Notes :
Rapidly absorbed from the
gut
Excreted via urine
Microfilariae are killed
more readly than adult
worm
Rx caused by protein release Be combined with
(dying filariae) fever, suramin for
rashes, ocular damage, joint ONCHOCERCIASIS
and muscle pain,
lymphadenitis
In Onchocerciasis The
Mazzotti Rx : hypotension,
pyrexia, respiratory distress,