Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Unplanned cities
Planned Cities
Street patterns
Road networks
Street Patterns
Street patterns are a feature of urban areas which we can't live
without. Street patterns can make it easy to travel around in the
city, it can cause heavy traffic congestion or make it very
difficult to locate a place.
1 2
3
1. Path
2. Street
3. Boulevard
4
4. Square
Urban squares
Urban squares
India Gate Complex is a City Square of
New Delhi, India. This Square has an area
of 306,600 m and dimension of approx.
625m diameter. It is one of the largest city
square in India.
Road networks
FUNCTION AND THE
IMPORTANCE OF
MOVEMENT
CARRIAGEWAY WIDTHS
trafficked Arterial and Link streets widths for multi lane lane/carriageway
Standard Carriageway
carriageway width for Local
widths for Arterial Carriageway Standard streets with a
and Link streets. width for Arterial carriageway shared surface
Range for low to and Link streets width for Local carriageway.
moderate design frequently used streets
speeds. by larger vehicles.
Spatial organization
Elements of the urban transport system, namely modes, infrastructures and
users, have a spatial imprint which shapes the urban form. Considering that
each city has different socioeconomic and geographical characteristics,
the spatial imprint of transportation varies accordingly.
Spatial organization
BUSINESS PARKS/
INDUSTRIAL ESTATES
Urban land uses
Urban land uses
1) Residential Land Use:
All places where people live from single family homes to huge
apartment towers
40% of a cities area, residential density is the number of housing
units per hectare.
Density refers to the number of people per unit of land area
Low density: detached houses on relatively large lots
Medium density: 20 to 80 units per hectare -low rise apartment buildings
and town houses
High density: more than 80 units per hectare -high rise apartment buildings
residential housing:
Land value
Suburbs Harbourfront
2) Transportation Land Use:
nearly 32% of urban land for roads, highways railroads and electricity
transmission corridors
Three types of transportation land use: Vehicles, Travel Paths & Terminal
Facilities
The more people in a city, the more Vehicles, The more parking space
required.
Four categories of Roadways:
expressways: large volumes of traffic long distances quickly; limited access
(interchanges)
arterial roads: moderate volumes, shorter distances; link local roads to
expressways
collector roads: move (collect) traffic from local roads to arterial roads
local roads are smaller and carry smaller volumes of people between
peoples homes and arterial roads. local roads tend to be either on a grid or a
garden pattern
3) Commercial Land Use: About 5% of cities land use is for business like retailing,
wholesaling, offices, and services. really important to the economy.
4) Industrial Land Use: About 6% is used for factories usually located along the
railways or along water ways of the city.
links between
place, movement
and speed that
need to be taken
into account in
order to achieve
effective self-
regulating street
environments
Streetscape
General guide to
the canopy width
and clearance
height for street
trees.
Streetscapes
Streets have both a place and movement
function, so streets should be connected,
enclosed, fronted onto and promote
pedestrian and cyclist activity.
Pedestrian activity and footway width
Street Edges
Setback to the
pedestrian footway
OPEN SPACES