1914 and Great Expectations PDF

2017514 PASTORCHARLESTAZERUSSELL&THEWATCHTOWERSOCIETY.
:1914andGreatExpectations
PASTORCHARLESTAZERUSSELL&THEWATCHTOWERSOCIETY.
CharlesT.RussellwasthefounderofZion'sWatchTowerin1879andtheWatchTowerSocietyin
1881.HewasNOTthefounderofJehovahsWitnessesnorofanyofthecurrentRussellitesects.After
hisdeathin1916manyBibleStudentsdidnotwanttosupportthenewleadership,theywantedtostay
frozenintimewithonlyRussell'steachings.Others,wantedtoworkwiththenewpresidentandmake
changes,soin1931theyembracedthenewnameJehovahsWitnesses.SeeJW.ORG
Search
Friday,May1,2009
1914andGreatExpectations
Atthattimetherealsowerereasonsforrejoicing.ForyearsGodspeoplehadpointedforward
to1914astheyearthatwouldmarktheendoftheGentileTimes.Theirexpectationsdidnot
leadtodisappointment.OnJuly28,1914,WorldWarIerupted,andastimemarchedon
towardOctober1moreandmorenationsandempiresgotinvolved.AsJehovahsChristian
witnessesknowfromtheirScripturalstudies,theperiodofuninterruptedGentileworldrule
endedin1914,withthebirthofGodsheavenlykingdomwithJesusChristasking.(Rev.12:1
5)Buttherealsowereotherexpectationsregarding1914.Concerningthese,BrotherA.H.
MacmillanwroteinhisbookFaithontheMarch:OnAugust23,1914,asIwellrecall,Pastor
RussellstartedonatriptotheNorthwest,downthePacificcoastandoverintotheSouthern
states,andthenendingatSaratogaSprings,NewYork,whereweheldaconventionSeptember
2730.Thatwasahighlyinterestingtimebecauseafewofusseriouslythoughtweweregoing
toheavenduringthefirstweekofthatOctober.
Theideaofgoingtoheavenin1914wasstrongamongsomeBibleStudents.Ourthought,
remarksSisterDwightT.Kenyon,wasthatthewarwouldgointorevolutionandintoanarchy.Thenthoseoftheanointedorthe
consecratedatthattimewoulddieandbeglorified.OnenightIdreamedthatthewholeecclesia(congregation)wasonatrain
goingsomewhere.Therewasthunderandlightning,andallatoncethefriendsbegandyingallaroundme.Ithoughtthatwasall
right,buttryasIwould,Icouldntdie.Thiswasquiteupsetting!ThenallatonceIdiedandfeltsorelievedandsatisfied.Itellthis
justtoshowhowsurewewerethatallwasgoingtoendsoonasfarasthisoldworldwasconcernedandthattheremnantofthe
littleflockwastobeglorified.Luke12:32.
HazelleandHelenKrullrecallthatduring1914discussionsattheBetheldiningtableoftencenteredontheendoftheGentile
Times.Fromtimetotime,theysay,BrotherRussellmadeextendedremarks,urgingfaithfulnessandexplainingthatthetime
featureshadbeenreviewedandstillseemedaccurate,butalsothatifwewereexpectingmorethanwhattheScriptureswarranted,
thenwemustbowtoJehovahswillandadjustourmindsandheartsinfaithtoHisway,stillfaithfullywatchingandwaitingforthe
outworkingofassociatedevents.
AnincidentattheSaratogaSpringsconventionin1914highlightsBrotherMacmillansviewofgoinghometoheaveninthatyear.
Hewrote:Wednesday(September30)Iwasinvitedtotalkonthesubject,TheEndofAllThingsIsatHandThereforeLetUsBe
Sober,WatchfulandPray.Well,asonewouldsay,thatwasdownmyroad.Ibelieveditmyselfsincerelythatthechurchwas
goinghomeinOctober.DuringthatdiscourseImadethisunfortunateremark:ThisisprobablythelastpublicaddressIshallever
deliverbecauseweshallbegoinghomesoon.
Thenextmorning,October1,1914,aboutfivehundredBibleStudentsenjoyedalovelyridedowntheHudsonRiveronasteamer
fromAlbanytoNewYork.OnSundaytheconventionersweretoopensessionsinBrooklyn,wheretheassemblywouldend.Quitea
fewdelegatesstayedatBethel,and,ofcourse,membersoftheheadquartersstaffwerepresentatthebreakfasttableonFriday
morning,October2.EveryonewasseatedwhenBrotherRussellentered.Asusual,hesaidcheerily,Goodmorning,all.Butthis
particularmorningwasdifferent.Insteadofproceedingpromptlytohisseat,heclappedhishandsandjoyfullyannounced:The
Gentiletimeshaveendedtheirkingshavehadtheirday.Howweclappedourhands!exclaimsCoraMerrill.BrotherMacmillan
admitted:WewerehighlyexcitedandIwouldnothavebeensurprisedifatthatmomentwehadjuststartedup,thatbecomingthe
signaltobeginascendingheavenwardbutofcoursetherewasnothinglikethat,really.SisterMerrilladds:Afterabriefpausehe
[Russell]said:Anyonedisappointed?Imnot.Everythingismovingrightonschedule!Againweclappedourhands.
C.T.Russellmadesomeremarks,butitwasnotlongbeforeA.H.Macmillanbecametheobjectofattention.Goodnaturedly,
Russellsaid:WearegoingtomakesomechangesintheprogramforSunday.At10:30SundaymorningBrotherMacmillanwill
http://pastorrussell.blogspot.com.es/2009/05/pastorrussellandgreatexpectations.html 1/27
2017514 PASTORCHARLESTAZERUSSELL&THEWATCHTOWERSOCIETY.:1914andGreatExpectations
giveusanaddress.Thatbroughtheartylaughterfromeveryone.Afterall,justthatpastWednesdayBrotherMacmillanhadgiven
whathethoughtwouldprobablybehislastpublicaddress.Well,wroteA.H.Macmillanyearslater,thenIhadtogetbusyto
findsomethingtosay.IfoundPsalm74:9,Weseenotoursigns:thereisnomoreanyprophet:neitheristhereamongusanythat
knowethhowlong.Nowthatwasdifferent.InthattalkItriedtoshowthefriendsthatperhapssomeofushadbeenabittoohasty
inthinkingthatweweregoingtoheavenrightaway,andthethingforustodowouldbetokeepbusyintheLordsserviceuntilhe
determinedwhenanyofhisapprovedservantswouldbetakenhometoheaven.
C.T.Russellhimselfhadwarnedagainstprivatespeculations.Forinstance,hediscussedthe
endoftheGentileTimesandthensaidinTheWatchTowerofDecember1,1912:Finally,let
usrememberthatwedidnotconsecrate[dedicate]eithertoOctober,1914,nortoOctober,
1915,ortoanyotherdate,butuntodeath.IfforanyreasontheLordhaspermittedusto
miscalculatetheprophecies,thesignsofthetimesassureusthatthemiscalculationscannot
beverygreat.AndiftheLordsgraceandpeacebewithusinthefutureasinthepast,
accordingtoHispromise,weshallrejoiceequallytogoortoremainatanytime,andtobein
Hisservice,eitheronthissidetheveilorontheotherside[onearthorinheaven],asmay
pleaseourMasterbest.
Evenastheclimacticyear1914began,RussellwroteinTheWatchTowerofJanuary1:We
maynotreadthetimefeatureswiththesameabsolutecertaintyasdoctrinalfeaturesfor
timeisnotsodefinitelystatedintheScripturesasarethebasicdoctrines.Wearestill
walkingbyfaithandnotbysight.Weare,however,notfaithlessandunbelieving,butfaithful
andwaiting.IflateritshouldbedemonstratedthattheChurchisnotglorifiedbyOctober,
1914,weshalltrytofeelcontentwithwhatevertheLordswillmaybe.
So,thereweregreatexpectationsconcerning1914onthepartofmanyoftheBibleStudents.
Yet,theyalsohadreceivedsoundadmonitioninpagesofTheWatchTower.Indeed,someChristiansthoughttheyweregoing
hometoheavenintheautumnofthatyear.But,saysC.J.Woodworth,October1st,1914,cameandwentandyears
accumulatedafterthatdateandtheanointedwerestillhereonearth.Somegrewsourandfellawayfromthetruth.Thosewhoput
theirtrustinJehovahsaw1914astrulyamarkedtimethebeginningoftheendbuttheyalsorealizedtheirpreviousconcept
waswrongconcerningtheglorificationofthesaints,asitwasstated.Theynowperceivedthatmuchworkyetremainedforthe
faithfulanointedonesandofthatgroupmyfather[ClaytonJ.Woodworth]wasone.
Butdisappointmentsaboutgoingtoheavenin1914reallywereveryminor,comparedwiththegreatexpectationsrealizedin
connectionwiththatyear.Duringthefirstsixmonthsof1914,nothinghappenedtotheGentilenations,thoughtheBibleStudents
longhadpointedoutthattheGentileTimeswouldexpireinthatyear.Hence,religiousleadersandothersridiculedC.T.Russell
andtheWatchTowerSociety.Yet,Jehovahcertainlyhadnotforsakenhispeopleorallowedthemtobemisled.Movedbyhisholy
spirit,theycarriedontheirwitnesswork,notexpectingtheendoftheGentileTimesuntilautumnofthatyear.Asthemonthswore
on,tensionincreasedthroughoutEurope,andstillridiculeagainsttheKingdommessagewasmounting.Whennationafternation
becameenmeshedinthefirstworldwar,however,therewasadifference.TheworkofJehovahsChristianwitnesseswasbrought
prominentlyintoview.
AtypicalpressreactionofthetimeappearedinTheWorld,thenaleadingNewYorkcitynewspaper.ItsSundaymagazinesection
ofAugust30,1914,containedthearticleEndofAllKingdomsin1914.Thereitwasstated,inpart:
TheterrificwaroutbreakinEuropehasfulfilledanextraordinaryprophecy.Foraquarterofacenturypast,throughpreachersand
throughpress,theInternationalBibleStudents,bestknownasMillennialDawners,havebeenproclaimingtotheworldthatthe
DayofWrathprophesiedintheBiblewoulddawnin1914.Lookoutfor1914!hasbeenthecryofthehundredsoftravelling
evangelistswho,representingthisstrangecreed,havegoneupanddownthecountryenunciatingthedoctrinethattheKingdomof
Godisathand....
Rev.CharlesT.RussellisthemanwhohasbeenpropoundingthisinterpretationoftheScripturessince1874....Inviewofthis
strongBibleevidence,Rev.Russellwrotein1889,weconsideritanestablishedtruththatthefinalendofthekingdomsofthis
worldandthefullestablishmentoftheKingdomofGodwillbeaccomplishedbytheendofA.D.1914....
Buttosaythatthetroublemustculminatein1914thatwaspeculiar.Forsomestrangereason,perhapsbecauseRev.Russellhas
averycalm,highermathematicsstyleofwritinginsteadofflamboyantsoapboxmanners,theworldingeneralhasscarcelytaken
himintoaccount.ThestudentsoverinhisBrooklynTabernaclesaythatthiswastobeexpected,thattheworldneverdidlistento
divinewarningsandneverwill,untilafterthedayoftroubleispast....
Andin1914comeswar,thewarwhicheverybodydreadedbutwhicheverybodythoughtcouldnotreallyhappen.Rev.Russellis
notsayingItoldyousoandheisnotrevisingthepropheciestosuitthecurrenthistory.Heandhisstudentsarecontenttowait
towaituntilOctober,whichtheyfiguretobetherealendof1914.
True,theBibleStudentswerenottakenhometoheaveninOctober1914.Butthe2,520yearlongGentileTimesthenended.And,
asJehovahsservantslaterrealizedmorefully,theyhadplentyofworktodoafterthattimerighthereonearthinpreachingthe
goodnewsofGodsestablishedkingdom.EvidentlymanywouldyetrespondfavorablytoBibletruth.Regardingthis,Russellwrote
inTheWatchTowerofFebruary15,1915:TherearecertainindicationsthattheLordhasagreatworkforallHispeople,His
watchingsaints,atthepresenttime....TherearesomeoftheLordschildrenwhoseempossessedwiththeideathatthedooris
shut,andthatthereisnofurtheropportunityforservice.SotheybecomeindolentinregardtotheLordswork.Weshouldloseno
timedreamingthatthedoorisshut!TherearepeoplewhoareseekingtheTruthpeoplewhoaresittingindarkness.Therenever
wasatimelikethepresent.NeverhavesomanypeoplebeenreadytohearthegoodMessage.InallthefortyyearsofHarvestthere
havenotbeensuchopportunitiestoproclaimtheTruthasnowpresentthemselves.Thegreatwarandtheominoussignsofthe
timesarewakingpeopleup,andmanyarenowinquiring.SotheLordspeopleshouldbeverydiligent,doingwiththeirmightwhat
theirhandsfindtodo.
1975YearbookofJehovah'sWitnesses,WTB&TS
Postedbycharlestrussell1914@msn.com
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TotalPageviews HowdoJehovah'sWitnessesviewCharlesT.Russell?Washean WatchtowerOnlineLibrary

AdventistorMillerite?
958044
Thisisapersonalwebsitethatisnotsupportednorendorsedby
theWTB&TS(pleaseseeJW.ORG)
charlestrussell1914@msn.com

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Russellitesects,thesefactionsarenotthe
variouslanguagesproducedbyJehovah's
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BrotherRussellclaimednosupernatural Witnesses.ThisWebsiteispublishedand
Russell'sday.Thesearemostlysmall
power,nodivinerevelations.Hedidnot maintainedbyWatchtowerBibleandTract
insignificantgroupsthatmostpeopleknow
claimcreditforwhathetaught.Hewasan SocietyofNewYork,Inc.Unlessotherwise
nothingabout.UnliketheJehovah's
outstandingstudentoftheBible.Buthe indicated,alltextandotherinformation
Witnesses,whonownumberover8,200,000
explainedthathisremarkableunderstanding containedinthisWebsitearetheintellectual
membersworldwide.NordoIsupportanyof
oftheScriptureswasduetothesimplefact propertyofWatchTowerBibleandTract
theapostatesites.Beinginaroomwith
thatGodsduetimehadcome.Hesaid:IfI SocietyofPennsylvania,Inc.
disgruntledfaultfinderscangetoldreally
fast.Theinformationonthisblogwilldeal didnotspeak,andnootheragentcouldbe
withCharlesTazeRussellandearly found,theverystoneswouldcryout.He ThePhotoDramaofCreation(1914)
Watchtowerhistory.BecauseRussellwas referredtohimselfasbeingsimplylikean
friendswithformerAdventChristians(not indexfinger,pointingtowhatisstatedin
theSeventhdayAdventistChurch) GodsWord.
informationaboutthe183144Millerite
TothereadersoftheHeraldoftheMorning(1879)
movementisincludedinthisblog,however
CharlesRussellwasneveraMilleritenoran
Adventist.Linksareofferedforadditional
reading,howeverIdonotsupportevery
commentonthesesites.Themajorityof
informationonthisblogwaspublishedby
othersallcreditgoestothemforthedata.
EvenifIdonotsupportsomeofPastor
Russell'soutdatedviews,Istillappreciate Afortuneforthosedayssome$300,000
thathewasanimperfectmanofGod,who wasspentbytheSocietyinproducingthe
spenthisentirelifeandwealthintheLord's PhotoDrama.Andoftheworkinvolved,
service. Russellwrote:Godkindlyveiledoureyesas
respectstheamountoflaborconnectedwith
Viewmycompleteprofile
theDRAMA.Hadweforeknownthecostof
timeandmoneyandpatiencenecessaryfor
TheMostPopularPosts,last30days
thestartwewouldneverhavebegunit.But
WasCharlesTazeRussella DEARFRIENDS:Myconnectionwiththe neitherdidweknowinadvancethegreat
Mason?No,hewasnot! "Herald"havingbeenterminatedrather successthatwouldattendtheDRAMA.
Justafewcommentsfromthe suddenly,andundercircumstanceswhich Choicemusicalrecordingsandninetysix
antiWatchtowerpeanut mustseemratherremarkableandpeculiarto phonographrecordtalkswereprepared.
galleryregardingPastor you,Ifeelittobeadutybothtoyouandto Stereopticonslidesweremadeoffineart
Russell:CharlesRusselthefounderofthe picturesillustratingworldhistory,anditwas
myselftoofferanexplanationofthemanner
Witnessesdiedin1... necessarytomakehundredsofnew
ofwithdrawalandmyreasonsforsodoing.
Quiteanumberwhowerepersonally paintingsandsketches.Allthecolorslides
acquaintedwithmethoughttheremustbe andfilmshadtobehandpainted,someof
TheWatchtowerandthe
GreatPyramid,thenandnow moreofthestorytotell,andIhavereceived thisworkbeingaccomplishedintheSocietys
TheGreatPyramidofGiza anumberoflettersaskinganexplanation. ownArtRoom.And,thinkofit!Thishadto
JudgeJ.F.Rutherford,who Totheseinquiriesandtomanyunexpressed bedonerepeatedly,fortherewereatleast
succeededRussellafterthe ofsimilarcharacter,letmeofferthe twentyfourpartsetsprepared,makingit
pastordiedin1916,eventuallydiscarded followingstatement: possibletoshowaportionoftheDramain
Pyramidologyen... eightydifferentcitiesonagivenday.
Jehovahgathersandequipshispeople
DonA.Adams(1925)
"DidtheEarlyChristiansTeach/Believea'Trinity'Doctrine?"
Borninabout1925inOak
Park,Illinois,U.S.,Adams
grewupinabigfamily,which
originallyhadconnectionsto
theEpiscopalchurch.H...
WhydidPastorRussell'swife
leavehim?
AdditionalReading:
http://pastorrussell.blogspot.
com/2009/04/mariaf

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womantoleaveherhusband... Since,withintheNewTestament,there
canbefoundnotraceofsuchabeliefasever
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TheBirthofZion'sWatch doctrineoftheTrinityisnotBiblicalbut havingbeenexplicitlytaught,explainedor
Tower defended,thereasonforitseventual
JehovahaloneisthealmightyGodand
YOURVOTEWANTED CreatorJesusChristisHisfirstcreationand emergencewasthatthiswasdirectevidence
HERALDOFTHEMORNING ofacorruptionyes,asanevergrowing
onlybegottenSonandtheholyspiritisnot
February1879Vol.8No.2, degenerationofthetrue,originalteachings
page40Ihaveaquestiontopropoundto apersonbutisGodsinvisibleactiveforce.
Thisgroupsawthatthesoulisnotimmortal ofJesusallinpointedfulfillmentofsome
everysubscriberandreade...
butmortal,thatthehopeforthedeadis veryspecificBibleprophesies.
DidJesusdieonaCrossor resurrection,andthatthepunishmentfor
Stake(Stauros) unrepentantwickednessisnoteternal AudioFilesofearlyMillerites
Definition:Thedeviceon tormentbutannihilation. WILLIAMMILLER(17821849)

whichJesusChristwas
executedisreferredtoby CHARLESFITCH(18051844)
TheBirthofZion'sWatchTower
mostofChristendomasacross.The
expressionisdrawnfromth... SomeInterestingPeople
Zion'sWatchTower(1879) CharlesT.Russell(18521916)
Actinguponthisleadingofthe JosephL.Russell(18131897)
Lord,Igaveuptraveling,and
MariaF.Russell(18501938)
inJuly,1879,thefirstnumber
ofZION'SWATCHTOWER WilliamH.Conley(18401897)
andHeraldo... AlexanderH.Macmillan(18771966)
ARadioPioneer(WBBR1924 WilliamE.VanAmburgh(18631947)
1957) BenjaminH.Barton(18741916)
"RadioTellstheWorld ClaytonJ.Woodworth(18701951)
MillenniumIsComing,
declaredthePhiladelphia JosephF.Rutherford(18691942)
Ihaveaquestiontopropoundtoevery
RecordofApril17,1922,continuing: NathanH.Knorr(19051977)
subscriberandreaderoftheHeraldofthe
JudgeRutherfordsLectu...
Morning,viz.howmanyofyou,wantapaper FrederickW.Franz(18931992)
RussellDebatesEaton(1903) liketheHeraldtwiceamonthinsteadof MiltonG.Henschel(19202003)
&White(1908) once.ManyofthosewholovetheHeraldand DonA.Adams(1925)
SinceBrotherRussellwasso thetruthstaughttherein,havesuggested
HaydenC.Covington(19111978)
widelyknownandspoketo thatitbeissuedsemimonthlysaying,they
largeaudiencesonmany gethungrybetweenbites. JonasWendell(18151873)
occasions,youmaywonderwhatitwas GeorgeStorrs(17961879)
liketolistentohim....
Zion'sWatchTower&TheWatchtower GeorgeW.Stetson(18141879)
TheEmphaticDiaglott NelsonH.Barbour(18241905)
Intheyear1857Benjamin JohnH.Paton(18431922)
Wilson,anewspapereditorin
Geneva,Illinois,U.S.A., HenryGrew(17811862)
publishedthefirstsectionof WilliamMiller(17821849)
hisinterlineartranslation...
JoshuaV.Himes(18051895)
CharlesFitch(18051844)
CHECKOUTEACHMONTHFORADDITIONALDATA,also
clickonthesmallphotos SylvesterBliss(18141863)
IsaacC.Wellcome(18181895)
2010(64)
2009(102) SettingtheRecordStraight

December2009(7) Anelderofthatcongregationsawtheneedof
November2009(16) publishinganewmagazinethatwould
October2009(10) championthebasic,underlyingdoctrinesof
theHolyBible.Hismaterialwealthhe
September2009(5)
decidedtouseinthisbehalf.SoinJulyof
August2009(10) 1879hefoundedthedesiredmagazinewith
July2009(7) himselfaseditorandpublisher.This
magazinewasduetoposeaproblemforthe
June2009(5) worldsystemofthings,particularlyfor
May2009(9) Christendom.ItwasentitledZionsWatch
TowerandHeraldofChristsPresence.Its
NoOneHasLoveGreaterThanThis
editorandpublisherwastheselfsacrificing
WhatIsGodsKingdom? BiblestudentCharlesTazeRussell.

TheApostasy,thenandnow OntheInternet,thereisperhapsnogroup
Zion'sWatchTowerTractSociety,Incorporatedin1884
MillennialDawn&Studiesinthe todayasintenselycriticizedasJehovah's
Scriptures Witnesses.Hundredsofwebsiteshave
emergedthatdenigratetheWitnessesand
AYoungManinSearchofGod
activelyopposetheirbeliefs.Someofthese
WhySoManyFalseAlarms? sitesmerelyridicule,whileotherspromote
WasJesusReallytheSonofGod? outrighthatredtowardthem.Thereareeven
somesitesthattrytoappearunbiasedin
IsMarytheMotherofGod? theirviews,thoughstillpresentingfalseor
1914andGreatExpectations twistedinformation.Ofcourse,thisshould
comeasnosurprisesinceChristJesus
April2009(11) foretoldthathistruefollowerswouldbe
March2009(12) "objectsofhatred"byalltheworld(Matthew
10:22Mark13:13Luke21:17).Thewordsat
February2009(5) Itwasin1881,duringtheearlydevelopment Acts28:22,regardingJesus'followers,are
January2009(5) oftheseactivities,thatZionsWatchTower certainlyjustastruetodayastheywereback
TractSocietywasformedasanon then:"Trulyasregardsthissectitisknown
2008(35) incorporatedassociation,toprovidefunds tousthateverywhereitisspokenagainst."
anddirectionforexpandingthepreaching
NewWorldTranslation(NWT) activitythroughdistributionofBible SearchforBibleTruths
literature.In1884itwasdecidedto
incorporateitunderthelawsofthe
CommonwealthofPennsylvaniasothat,asa
legalinstrumentnotdependentuponthelife
ofanyindividuals,itcouldbettercarryon
theworkofexpandingdistributionofBible
literature.ThiswasfinalizedbytheCourtof
CommonPleasNo.1ofAlleghenyCounty,
Pennsylvania,onDecember13,1884.

SmallBeginnings(18791889)
WhatisGod'sName?IsGodaTrinity?Is
CriticismsoftheNewWorldTranslation thereafieryHell?Istherelifeafterdeath?
shouldnotbesurprising.InJesus'day,he WhydoesGodpermitwickedness?Isthere
andhisfollowersweretheobjectofcriticism, onetruereligion?Whatisthepurposeof
ridiculeandabuse.Thiswasmoreoftenthan life?SearchandfindtheBible'sanswersto
notfromreligiousleadersandmen.Those thesequestionsandmanymore.
whowere'lookedupto'andrespectedas
beinglearnedmen.(Jn.7:4549)Likewise ExaminingtheTrinity
todayJehovah'sWitnessesaresometimes
theobjectofcriticism,ridiculeandabuse.
NotleasttheirNewWorldTranslationofthe
HolyScriptures.Thisdoesnotmeanthatany
scholarorinterestedpersonshouldnotbe
abletotakeissuewiththerenderingsas Webelievethateverymemberofthisbodyof
foundintheNewWorldTranslationorany Christisengagedintheblessedwork,either
othertranslation.Thisclearlyshouldnotbe directlyorindirectly,ofgivingmeatindue
thecase.Butitbehovesthosethatdosotodo seasontothehouseholdoffaith."Whothen
soinamannerthatisanefforttoseekout isthatfaithfulandwiseservantwhomhis "...thedoctrineoftheTrinitywasofgradual
thetruthandinawaythatisscholarly, Lordhathmaderuleroverhishousehold,"to andcomparativelylateformationthatithad
honestandfair. givethemmeatindueseason?Isitnotthat itsorigininasourceentirelyforeignfrom
"littleflock"ofconsecratedservantswhoare thatoftheJewishandChristianscriptures
AdditionalBibleTranslationsBibleGateway.com faithfullycarryingouttheirconsecration thatitgrewup,andwasingraftedon
vowsthebodyofChristandisnotthe Christianity"?p.34,TheChurchofthe
wholebodyindividuallyandcollectively, FirstThreeCenturies,AlvanLamson,D.D.
givingthemeatindueseasontothe
householdoffaiththegreatcompanyof DefendingJehovah'sWitnesses
believers?Blessedisthatservant(thewhole
bodyofChrist)whomhisLordwhenhehas
come(Gr.elthon)shallfindsodoing.
"Verily,Isayuntoyou,thatheshallmake
himruleroverallhisgoods.""Heshall
inheritallthings."The"evilservant"who
says:MyLorddelayethhiscoming,and
forgettinghisconsecrationvows,beginsto
eatanddrinkwiththedrunken(partakeof
thespiritoftheworld)shallhavenopart
withthefaithfulovercomer.(Matt.24:46
50.)
TheWarningWork(19091914)
WelcometoBibleGateway.com,afreeservice
forreadingandresearchingScriptureonline Thiswebsiteidentifiesanddisputesfalse
allinthelanguageortranslationofyour chargesmadeagainstJehovah'sWitnesses.
choice!Weprovideadvancedtoolsyoucan Thisisapersonalwebsitethatisnot
usetosearchtheBiblebykeywordsorverse, officiallysupportednorendorsedbythe
aswellasothertoolstoenhanceyourstudy WTB&TS.TheWatchtowerSocietycannotbe
oftheBible. heldresponsibleorliableforthecontent
foundonthisblog/website.Tothosewhoare
DatesofsignificanceinWThistoryfrom18681918 notJehovah'sWitnesses,pleaseremember
thatifyouarelookingfortheauthoritative
informationonbeliefs,practicesandnews
releasesyoushouldlooktothesourceat

http://www.watchtower.org/
HISTORICALLY,theactivityoftheWatch
TowerBibleandTractSocietyfrom1909to
TheWTB&TSandtheUnitedNations,notreally!
1914mustbeviewedlargelywithrespectto
thewarningworkofproclaimingthefateful
year1914.Forthirtytwoyearsnowsince
1877theSocietyszealousvolunteerworkers,
aswitnessesofJehovah,hadpubliclyset
forththechronologicalproofandthe
physicalfactsindicatingthattheGentile
timeswereduetoendinthefallof1914.
EarlyWatchTowerHistory(18681906) 1914andGreatExpectations

SomeclaimJehovahsWitnesseshadsecret
dealswiththeUnitedNations,andthenlied
tocoveritup.Isthisconspiracytheorytrue?
WeshowdirectevidencefromtheUNitself
showingtheseaccusationstobejustplain
wrong.
PastorRussellontheTrinity

ForyearsGodspeoplehadpointedforward
Thefollowinghistoryisgivennotmerely
to1914astheyearthatwouldmarktheend
becauseIhavebeenurgedtogiveareviewof
oftheGentileTimes.Theirexpectationsdid
God'sleadingsinthepathoflight,but
notleadtodisappointment.OnJuly28,
speciallybecauseIbelieveittobeneedful 1914,WorldWarIerupted,andastime
thatthetruthbemodestlytold,that
marchedontowardOctober1moreand
misapprehensionsandprejudicial
morenationsandempiresgotinvolved.As
misstatementsmaybedisarmed,andthat JehovahsChristianwitnessesknowfrom
ourreadersmayseehowhithertotheLord theirScripturalstudies,theperiodof
hashelpedandguided.Insofarasthe
uninterruptedGentileworldruleendedin
namesandviewsofothers,whohaveparted
1914,withthebirthofGodsheavenly
ourcompany,maybeassociatedwiththis kingdomwithJesusChristasking.(Rev. ItwasafterthedeathofthetwelveApostles
history,Ishallendeavortobringforward
12:15)Buttherealsowereother that,withoutDivineauthority,thebishopsof
onlysuchpointsasarenecessarytoan
expectationsregarding1914. thechurchwereproclaimedtobethe
understandingofourpositionandofthe
successorsoftheApostles,andtopossess
Lord'sleadings.NorcanInameallthelittle
C.T.Russellgreetsayouth Apostolicauthority,asteachersinthe
pointsofdivinefavorinwhichfaithwas
church,andwhosewordsweretobetakenas
tested,prayerswereanswered,etc.,
ofplenaryinspiration.Itwasthesebishops
rememberingthatourMasterandtheearly
incouncilwhodeclaredthedoctrinethe3x1
Churchleftnosuchexampleofboasting
isonethatGodisonebeing,ofthree
faith,butratheradmonishedotherwise,
personalitiesormanifestations,allthree
saying,"Hastthoufaith?haveittothyself."
beingequalinpowerandinglory.The
Someofthemostpreciousexperiencesof
questionis,Whydidtheymakesucha
faithandprayerarethosewhicharetoo statement?Whyshouldtheyconcoctso
sacredforpublicdisplay. unscripturalandsounreasonablea
proposition?TheAnsweristhatitwasdone
WatchTowerSocietyIncorporatedin1884 tocombatcertainerrorsprominentintheir
day.Theyflewfromoneextremetoanother.
TrinityPastorRussell'sView

Russellinvitedmetomakemyhomeatthe
WatchTowerSociety'sheadquartersin
Allegheny,thoughIwasnotamemberofthe
staff.WhenIwenttheretotheBibleHouse
(wheretheheadquarters"family"livedand
ThefirstofficeoftheWatchTowerSociety worked)Iwasinmyearlytwenties.C.T.
afterIncorporationin1884wasinabuilding Russellwasverykindtome.Ihadnohome,

atthecornerofFederalandRobinson bothmyparentshavingdiedsohetookme
IwillsaythatIhaveneverfoundanytextof
Streets,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,the underhiswingandmademefeelathome
ScripturefromGenesistoRevelationthat
locationfromwhichCharlesT.Russellhad withtheheadquartersfamily.Hewas
mentionstheTrinity,andifanybodyhas
earlierdirectedhischainofclothingstores. thoughtfulandconsiderateineveryway,and
foundone,itwouldbeworthsomethingto
asIwouldgooutonatriporspecial
metoknowwhereitis.Iwouldgiveten
TheBibleHouse(18891909) assignmenthealwayswouldsay,"Brother,
dollarsforitrightaway.Icannotfindany
thedoorisopenforyouwhenyoureturn.
referencetotheTrinityintheBible.
Thisisyourhome."
Jehovah'sWitnesses,notaformofArianism
TheObjectandMannerofOurLord'sReturn(1877)

TheBibleStudentsinAllegheny,associated
withthepublishingoftheWatchTower,
wereconsideredthemostexperiencedin
doingtheLordsworkandwerelookedtoby
alltheecclesias,orcongregations,asthose Wefeltgreatlygrievedattheerrorof
BecausetheydonotbelieveintheTrinity
takingthelead.Atfirsttheyhad SecondAdventists,whowereexpecting
dogma,ithasbeensaidofJehovahs
headquartersofficesat101FifthAvenue, Christintheflesh,andteachingthatthe Witnessesthattheypracticeaformof
Pittsburgh,andlaterat44FederalStreet, worldandallinitexceptSecondAdventists Arianism.Butthefactthattheyarenot
Allegheny.Inthelate1880s,however, wouldbeburnedupin1873or1874,whose
TrinitariansdoesnotmakethemArians.
expansionbecamenecessary.SoRussell timesettingsanddisappointmentsand
arrangedtobuildlargerfacilities.In1889a crudeideasgenerallyastotheobjectand
AnappealtopiousTrinitarians,byHenryGrew(1857)
fourstorybrickbuildingat5660Arch mannerofhiscomingbroughtmoreorless
Street,Allegheny,wascompleted.Valuedat reproachuponusanduponallwholonged
$34,000,itwasknownastheBibleHouse.It forandproclaimedhiscomingKingdom.
servedastheSocietysheadquartersforsome Thesewrongviewssogenerallyheldofboth
19[20]years. theobjectandmanneroftheLordsreturn
ledmetowriteapamphletTheObjectand
TheOpeningatBrooklyn(1909) MannerofOurLordsReturn.This
pamphletwaspublishedin1877.Brother
Russellhadsome50,000copiesofitprinted
anddistributed.
OldTheologyQuarterly

DEARBRETHREN,Weacknowledgeour
fallibility.Truthwillenduretheclosest
investigation.Ibearyourecordthatyou
haveazealforGod.Isit,orisitnot
accordingtoknowledge?Isitintheholy
word,whichyoudeclareistheONLYruleof

faith,thatyouhavefoundthedeclaration,
ThefriendsoftheNewYorkCity
thattheoneGodisthreepersons?Haveyou
congregation,thoseofBrooklynandthoseof
JerseyCity,allvotedtheirunanimousdesire
tobepartsoftheEcclesiawhosehomewill beentaughtitbyJesusChrist,orbyfallible
beatthe"BrooklynTabernacle,"and men?
unanimouslyelectedBrotherC.T.Russell
Pastorofthesame. TheSociniansWhyDidTheyRejecttheTrinity?
BrooklynBethel100yearsofHistory(19092009)

Thisfundisconstantlyemployedinsending
out,gratis,thousandsofcopiesofZIONS
WATCHTOWERandOLDTHEOLOGY
TRACTSmostsuitabletonewreaders.Italso
assistsinthespreadofthepaperbound

editionsoftheDAWNseries,byaidingthose
WhyBrooklyn?Russellsaid:Altogetherwe
disposedtocirculatethemcolporteursand
concluded,afterseekingDivineguidance, AsmuchasProtestantsandCatholicshated
others.Italsoprovidesapoorfundby
thatBrooklyn,N.Y.,withalargepopulation. oneanotherintheseearlyyearsofthe
whichanyoftheLordschildrenwho,
..andknownasTheCityofChurches, Reformation,theyunitedinastillgreater
throughage,orsickness,orfromother
would,forthesereasons,beourmost hatredofthisoneman.Hiscrime?Heresy.
cause,areunabletosubscribeforthe
suitablecenterfortheharvestwork.The MichaelServetushadwrittenbooksproving
WATCHTOWERaresuppliedfree,upon
resultsspeakforthemselves.Inashortspace thatthechurchesteachingontheTrinity
conditionoftheirsendingaletterorcardat
oftime,2,000newspaperswerepublishing wasunscriptural.Hesaid:Thepapistical
thebeginningofeachyear,statingtheir
Russellssermons. Trinity,infantbaptism,andtheother
desireandinability.
sacramentsofthePapacy,arethedoctrines
Russell'sFinalJourney1916 ofdemons.
Watchman,whatofthenight?
IsaacNewton'sSearchforGod

Realizingthathissevereconditionwouldnot
allowhimtogoon,Russelldecidedtocancel
therestofhisspeakingappointmentsand
returnquicklytotheBethelhomein In1879C.E.,theeditoroftheWatchTower
Brooklyn.OnTuesday,October31,C.T.
magazineandhisassociateswerefully
Russellwasonthevergeofdeath.At SoonthebasisofScripture,reasonandthe
dedicated,baptizedChristians.Theyoffered
Panhandle,Texas,aphysiciansummoned authenticteachingofearlyChristianity,
themselvestoserveasawatchmangroupin
earlierbytelegraphtemporarilyboardedthe Newtonfoundthathecouldnotacceptthe
behalfoftheirspiritanointedChristian
trainandobservedRussellscondition, doctrineoftheTrinity.Hebelievedstrongly
brothers.Allofthesetogethermadeupa
recognizingthecriticalsymptoms.Thenthe inthesupremesovereigntyofJehovahGod,
largerwatchmanclass.Theycouldnot
trainwasunderwayagain.Shortly andtheproperpositionofJesusChrist,
dodgethethenarisingquestion,Watchman,
thereafter,inearlyafternoonofTuesday, neitherderogatinghimastheSonofGodnor
whatofthenight?Theonlytrustworthy
October31,1916,sixtyfouryearoldCharles elevatinghimtothepositionoccupiedbyhis
answerthattheycouldgivewasthatwhich
TazeRusselldiedatPampa,Texas. Father.IndiscussingwithJohnLockethe
GodsinspiredWordputintothemouthof
passageofDaniel7:9,hewrote,Whenceare
thewatchmanofold.Thiswas,ineffect,
youcertainthatyeAncientofDaysisChrist?
October31,1916(ThedeathofCharlesTazeRussell) Themorningcometh,andalsothenight.
DoesChristanywheresituponyeThrone?
(Isa.21:12,AV)
Hisownconclusionhereisobvious,andthe
clarityofhisthoughtregardingthe
PastorRussell,TheBritishIsles
relationshipoftheFatherwiththeSonis
alwaysevidentinNewtonswritings.So
elsewherehemakesthepointthatprayercan
bemadetoGodinthenameoftheLamb,
butnottotheLambinthenameofGod.
WhydoYouBelieveintheTrinity?

HewasPresidentoftheWATCHTOWER
BIBLEANDTRACTSOCIETYfromits
organizationin1884untilhisdeath.Hewas
alsoPresidentofthePEOPLESPULPIT
ASSOCIATION,organizedin1909,andthe

INTERNATIONALBIBLESTUDENTS
WHENtwotransatlanticvoyagersstepped
ASSOCIATION,incorporatedinLondon,in
offtheshipinLiverpool,England,sometime
1913,bothofthelattercorporationsbeing
inSeptember1881,littledidtheythinkthat
adjunctstotheWATCHTOWERBIBLE theywerebeingprivilegedtostartsomething
ANDTRACTSOCIETY.Throughthese thatwastogrowtremendouslyandbringa
religiouscorporations,aswellasbywordof greatdealofjoytoGodfearingBritishers.J.
mouth,hepromulgatedtheGospelof C.SunderlinandJ.J.Benderweretwo
Messiah'sKingdom.Hewastheauthorofthe associatesofthewellknownPastor
followingpublications,issuedbetweenthe CharlesT.RussellofAllegheny,
years1881and1914,eachhaving Pennsylvania,andtheyhadcometoarrange
phenomenalcirculation,asgivenbelow: forthedistributionofa162pagepublication
entitledFoodforThinkingChristians.
PastorRussell'sWritings
WillandTestamentofCharlesTazeRussell(1907)

FORcenturiesmillionsofpeoplehave
believedthedoctrineofthetrinity,which
teachesthatintheunityoftheGodhead
thereareThreePersons,theFather,theSon,
andtheHolySpirit,theseThreePersons
beingtrulydistinctonefromanother.Thus,
inthewordsoftheAthanasianCreed:The
FatherisGod,theSonisGod,andtheHoly
SpiritisGod,andyettherearenotthree
Gods,butoneGod.(TheCatholic

Encyclopedia)Doyoubelievethisdoctrine?
"Hiswritingsaresaidtohavegreater
Why?
newspapercirculationeveryweekthanthose Havingatvarioustimesduringpastyears
ofanyotherlivingmanagreater,doubtless, donatedtotheWATCHTOWERBIBLEAND
AccurateKnowledgeofGodandhisSonleadstoLife
thanthecombinedcirculationofthewritings TRACTSOCIETYallofmypersonal
ofallthepriestsandpreachersinNorth possessionsexceptasmallpersonalbank
Americagreatereventhantheworkof accountofapproximatelytwohundred
ArthurBrisbane,NormanHapgood,George dollars,intheExchangeNationalBankof
HoraceLorimer,Dr.FrankCrane,Frederick Pittsburgh,whichwillproperlybepaidover
Haskins,andadozenotherofthebest tomywifeifshesurvivesme,Ihavemerely
knowneditorsandsyndicatewritersput loveandChristiangoodwishestoleavetoall
together." ofthedearmembersoftheBibleHouse
Familyandallotherdearcolaborersinthe
ChangeinadministrationafterRussell'sdeath(1916/17) Harvestworkyea,forallofthehousehold
offaithineveryplacewhocalluponthe
nameoftheLordJesusastheirRedeemer.

PastorRussellvsRev.J.J.Ross(falseaccusations) ACCURATEknowledgeofGodandhisSon,
JesusChrist,isvitalforthosewhowant
everlastinglife.[Gods]willisthatallsorts
ofmenshouldbesavedandcometoan
accurateknowledgeoftruth.(1Timothy
2:4)SuchknowledgefromGodsinspired

Word,theBible,willequipustoknowwho
InhiswillBrotherRusselloutlinedan
Godisandwhatourobligationsaretoward
arrangementforanEditorialCommitteeof
him.(2Timothy3:16,171John2:17)Itwill
fivetodeterminethecontentsofTheWatch
alsoenableusproperlytoidentifyJesus
Tower.Inaddition,theboardofdirectorsof
Christandourrelationshiptohim.Psalm
theWatchTowerBibleandTractSociety
2:12Philippians2:511.
madearrangementsforanExecutive
CommitteeofthreeA.I.Ritchie,W.E.Van Aclergymanwhousedthisapproachat Thescriptures,reasonandtheTrinity
Amburgh,andJ.F.Rutherfordtohave HamiltonwasabombasticBaptistpreacher
generalsupervisionofalltheworkofthe namedJ.J.Ross.In1912,hewrotea
Society,subjecttothecontroloftheboardof scurrilouspamphletinwhichhemademany
directors.Who,though,wouldbecomethe falseaccusationsagainstRussell.Actingon
newpresident?Thatdecisionwouldbemade theadviceofhislegalcounselor,J.F.
atthenextannualmeetingoftheSociety, Rutherford,BrotherRusselllaidacriminal
abouttwomonthslater,onJanuary6,1917. chargeofdefamatorylibelagainstRoss.As
thecomplainant,Russellattendedthetrialto
HowwecametobeknownasJehovah'sWitnesses(1931) giveevidence,andhesubmittedtoalong
crossexaminationofroughlyfivehours.
Afterthetrial,hisBaptistopponentfalsely
chargedthatRussellhadcommittedperjury

whenaskedabouthisknowledgeofGreek.
Thefactthattheteachingofthetrinityisnot
ThisperjurychargewaspublishedinRoss
secondpamphletattackingRussell.Initthe mentioned,notdiscussed,notexplainednor
vindicatedanywhereintheScriptureswhen
clericmisquotedwhathadbeensaidin
somanyothermainpointsofteachingare
court,givingthecrossexaminersquestion
(andthatinspiteofthefactthatithasbeen
andRussellsreplyasfollows:
themostcontroversialteachingofsocalled
PastorRussellDebatesDr.Eaton(1903)andRev.White(1908)
Christianity)isstrongcircumstantial
evidencethatneitherChristJesusnorhis
apostlesnordisciples,nor,forthatmatter,
anyoftheprophetsofoldrecognizedor
taughtsuchamysteriousteaching.God
throughhisWordappealstoourreason.The
trinitydoctrineisanegationofboththe
Scripturesandreason.
CouldJesushavehadfaithInGod?

Intime,itbecameincreasinglyevidentthat
inadditiontothedesignationChristian,the Inwhatlaterappearedtobeanattemptby
congregationofJehovahsservantstrulydid thePittsburghministerialallianceto
needadistinctivename.Themeaningofthe discreditC.T.Russellsscholarshipand
nameChristianhadbecomedistortedinthe Biblicalviews,onMarch10,1903,Dr.E.L.
publicmindbecausepeoplewhoclaimedto Eaton,ministeroftheNorthAvenue
beChristiansoftenhadlittleornoideawho MethodistEpiscopalChurch,challenged
JesusChristwas,whathetaught,andwhat Russelltoasixdaydebate.Duringeach
theyshouldbedoingiftheyreallywerehis sessionofthisdebate,heldthatautumnin
followers.Additionally,asourbrothers AlleghenysCarnegieHall,onthewhole

progressedintheirunderstandingofGods Russellcameoffvictorious.Amongother
ThequestionofJesusfaithreallyisan
Word,theyclearlysawtheneedtobe things,heScripturallymaintainedthatthe enigmaforCatholic,Protestant,and
separateanddistinctfromthosereligious soulsofthedeadareunconsciouswhiletheir Orthodoxtheologianswhobelieveinthe
systemsthatfraudulentlyclaimedtobe bodiesareinthegraveandthattheobjectof
TrinityasthecentralmysteryofChristian
Christian. bothChristssecondcomingandthe
faithandlife.NotalldenyJesusfaith,
millenniumistheblessingofallthefamilies however.JacquesGuilletaffirmsthatitis
TheOfficialWatchtowerBibleandTractSocietysite(WTB&TS) oftheearth.Russellalsomadeaverystrong
impossiblenottorecognizethatJesushad
Biblicaldenialofthehellfiredoctrine.
faith,thoughGuilletadmitsthat,inthelight
Reportedly,oneclergymanapproachedhim
ofTrinitydoctrine,itisaparadox.
afterthelastsessionofthedebateandsaid:
Iamgladtoseeyouturnthehoseonhell
John1:1,SahidicCoptictext."andagodwastheword"
andputoutthefire.Interestingly,afterthis
debatemanymembersofEatons
congregationbecameBibleStudents.
FalseChargesaboutPastorRussell

ThisistheauthoritativeWebsiteaboutthe
beliefs,teachings,andactivitiesofJehovahs AsChristianityspread,otherversionswere
Witnesses.TheWatchtowerBibleandTract required.AtleastbythethirdcenturyC.E.,
SocietyofNewYork,Inc.isalegal thefirsttranslationoftheChristianGreek
organizationinusebyJehovahsWitnesses. ScriptureshadbeenmadefortheCoptic
Unlessotherwiseindicated,alldocuments, nativesofEgypt.VariousCopticdialects
images,andotherinformationcontainedin wereusedinEgypt,andintimevarious
thisWebsitearetheintellectualpropertyof Copticversionswereproduced.Themost
WatchTowerBibleandTractSocietyof importantaretheThebaic,orSahidic,
Pennsylvania. ArethechargesinatractagainstJehovahs VersionofUpperEgypt(intheS)andthe
witnessestruethattheSocietysfirst BohairicVersionofLowerEgypt(intheN).
TheOfficialWatchtower,audioandPDFfilesfreedownloads presidentwasimmoral,profiteeredfrom Theseversions,containingboththeHebrew
sellingsomemysteriouslynamedwheatat andChristianGreekScriptures,were
$65abushel,andcommittedperjurywhen probablyproducedinthethirdandfourth
askedincourtifhecouldreadGreek?C. centuriesC.E.
W.,NorthCarolina.
IsJesusChristMichaeltheArchangel?
WhydidPastorRussell'swifeleavehim?

ThisisanauthorizedWebsiteofJehovahs
Witnesses.Itisforthedistributionof
publicationsandotherinformationto
JehovahsWitnessesworldwide.ThisWeb
siteispublishedandmaintainedby
WatchtowerBibleandTractSocietyofNew
York,Inc.Unlessotherwiseindicated,alltext
andotherinformationcontainedinthisWeb
sitearetheintellectualpropertyof
WatchtowerBibleandTractSocietyofNew
York,Inc.
Jehovah'sWitnesses:OfficialWorldwideMediawebsite

Michaelistheonlyonesaidtobethe
Insummingupthematterrespectinghis archangel,meaningchiefangelor
wife,C.T.Russellwrote:SisterRussell principalangel.Thetermoccursinthe
becameafflictedwiththespiritofambition, Bibleonlyinthesingular.Thisseemsto
asothershavebeen,andintheLords implythatthereisbutonewhomGodhas
providenceitseemedbestthreeyearsago designatedchieforheadoftheangelichost.
nowthatsheshouldnotbefurtheridentified At1Thess.4:16thevoiceoftheresurrected
OfficialmediaWebsiteofJehovah's withthepublications[oftheWatchTower LordJesusChristisdescribedasbeingthat
Witnesses.Accurate,uptodateinformation BibleandTractSociety],untilsuchtimeas ofanarchangel,suggestingthatheisinfact,
onthebeliefsandactivitiesofthisworldwide shemightshowathoroughchangeofheart himselfthearchangel.
Christianreligionanditsimpactonthe inthismatter.
news.Unlessotherwiseindicated,all
ChristendomsFoundation
documents,images,andotherinformation PastorRussellwasNOTImmoral
containedinthisWebsitearetheintellectual
propertyofWatchTowerBibleandTract
SocietyofPennsylvania.
Knocking(DVDDocumentary)

ThatMrs.Russellherselfdidnotbelieve
andneverhasbelievedthatherhusbandwas
guiltyofimmoralconductisshownbythe
[court]recordinthiscasewhereherown AsBritishbroadcasterMalcolmMuggeridge
counsel(onpage10)askedMrs.Russellthis wroteinhisbookTheEndofChristendom:
question:Youdontmeanthatyourhusband
ChristendombeganwiththeEmperor
wasguiltyofadultery?Ans.No.Ibid.,p.
Constantine.However,healsomadethe
19.AlsoWJuly15,1906,pp.211227. perceptivecomment:Youmightevensay
thatChristhimselfabolishedChristendom
KNOCKINGopensthedooronJehovah's WasCharlesTazeRussellaMason?No,hewasnot!
beforeitbeganbystatingthathiskingdom
Witnesses.Theyaremoralconservativeswho wasnotofthisworldoneofthemostfar
stayoutofpoliticsandtheCultureWar,but reachingandimportantofallhis
theywonarecordnumberofcourtcases statements.Andonemostwidelyignoredby
expandingfreedomforeveryone.Theyrefuse Christendomsreligiousandpoliticalrulers.
bloodtransfusionsonreligiousgrounds,but John18:36.
theyembracethesciencebehindbloodless
surgery.InNaziGermany,theycouldfight HowChristendomborrowsfromPlato
forHitlerorgototheconcentrationcamps.
Theychosethecamps.Followingtwo

familieswhostandfirmfortheir
"Thisbringsbeforeusthewholequestionof
controversialandmisunderstoodChristian
orders,societies,etc.,andwhatprivilegesthe
faith,KNOCKINGrevealshowoneunlikely
NewCreationhasinconnectionwithsuch
religionhelpedtoshapehistorybeyondthe
organizations.Isitrightforthemtobe
doorstep.
membersofthesesocieties?Weanswerthat
whileChurchassociationsarepurely
WatchtowerPublications
religious,andlaborandbeneficial
organizationsingeneralarepurelysecular,
therearestillotherorderswhichcombine
thereligiousandthesecularfeatures.Aswe
understandthematter,forinstance,theFree NotlongafterthetwelveapostlesofJesus
Masons,OddFellows,KnightsofPythias, Christdied,heateddebatesbegantocenter
etc.,performcertainritesandceremoniesof aroundthenatureandrelationshipofthe
areligiouskind...Weplaceupononelevelall Father,Sonandholyspirit.Effortstosettle
ofthosewhohaveanyreligiousceremonies, suchquestionsledtoaseriesofcreeds,or
teachings,etc.,andconsiderthemallas statementsofbelief,thateventuallyresulted
partsofBabylon...WeadmonishtheNew inChristendomsdoctrineoftheTrinity.Do
Creationtohavenothingwhatevertodowith youbelieveintheTrinity?Perhapsyouhave
anyofthesesemireligioussocieties,clubs, alwaysthoughtofitasbasedupontheBible.
orders,churchesbutto"Comeoutfrom Butdoyouknowexactlywhatthatdoctrine
amongstthem,andbeyeseparate,andtouch teaches?
nottheuncleanthing."(`2Cor.6:17`)"
1904"TheNewCreation",pp.580581 NoDivineInspiration
TheWatchtowerandtheGreatPyramid,thenandnow.

ThepublicationanddistributionofBibles
andBibleliteraturebyJehovahsWitnesses
ispartofaworldwideBibleeducationalwork
thatissupportedbyvoluntarydonations.
Thepublicationsinthislistareprintedin
mostmajorlanguages. JehovahsWitnessesdonotclaimtobe
inspiredprophets.Theyhavemademistakes.
WatchtowerPublicationsin436Languages LiketheapostlesofJesusChrist,theyhave
JudgeJ.F.Rutherford,whosucceeded attimeshadsomewrongexpectations.
Russellafterthepastordiedin1916, Luke19:11Acts1:6.Itistruethatthe
eventuallydiscardedPyramidologyentirely. Witnesseshavemademistakesintheir
WritingintheNovember15andDecember1, understandingofwhatwouldoccuratthe
1928,issuesofTheWatchTower,Rutherford endofcertaintimeperiods,buttheyhave
releasesadoublebarreledblastagainstit, notmadethemistakeoflosingfaithor
andadvancesmanyingeniousarguments ceasingtobewatchfulastofulfillmentof
thatthesocalledAltarinEgyptwasreally Jehovahspurposes.
inspiredbySatanforthepurposeof
misleadingthefaithful.DidJesusever Apostasy"seeingoneselfasavictimdenied"
mentionthePyramid?Ofcoursenot.To
studyit,theJudgewrites,isawasteoftime
Clickonalanguagebelowtoview andindicateslackoffaithintheall
informationinthatlanguageonline.Toview sufficiencyoftheBible.Regardlessofwhat
thesepagesitmaybenecessarytoinstall someantiJWfaultfindersmightsay,the
Unicodefonts.Youcanobtainadditional WTB&TSrejectedallteachingsontheGreat
Bibleliteratureinyourlanguageby Pyramidin1928.Forthisreason,most
contactingJehovah'sWitnesseslocallyorby Jehovah'sWitnessesknownothingaboutit.
writingtooneofourbranchaddresses. However,many(notall)ofthecurrentBible
MaterialisalsoavailableinvariousBraille Studentsstillteachthis"BibleinStone"
andSignLanguages. dogma.

WorldwideServiceReport
IstheWatchtowerofpaganorigin?NO,itisnot! Asaresultofseeingoneselfasavictim
denied,therecanoccurapowerfuldrive
towarddisaffectionandapostasy.Asis
almostinevitablythecase,thereisagreat
needonthepartofaleavetakertovalidate
theiroppositionalstance,andthevictim
victimizerscenariogreatlyassistsapersonin
justifyingtheircourseofaction.Blame
shiftingmaythereforetemporarilyrelievea
personofaccountability,butitwillonly
succeedinsanctioningaperson'sactionsso
longastheirpositionisgivengreater
exposureoverthatoftheir(former)religious
AconferenceofreligiousleadersinSpain TheexpressionWatchTowerisnotunique fraternity.Thus,theimportanceplacedupon
notedthis:Perhaps[thechurches]are toRussellswritingsortoJehovahs maintainingaheightenedlevelofawareness
excessivelyneglectfulaboutthatwhich Witnesses.GeorgeStorrspublishedabook towardtheapostate'suniqueviewworksto
preciselyconstitutesthegreatest inthe1850scalledTheWatchTower:Or, reinforcethereasonsfortheirdepartureby
preoccupationoftheWitnessesthehome ManinDeathandtheHopeforaFuture maintainingtheconsequencesofblameand
visit,whichcomeswithintheapostolic Life.Thenamewasalsoincorporatedinthe continuingtoscrutinizeitintheobjectof
methodologyoftheprimitivechurch.While titleofvariousreligiousperiodicals.Itstems hostility.Itisnotdifficulttoseethenwhyan
thechurches,onnotafewoccasions,limit fromtheideaofkeepingonthewatchforthe apostatesoadamantlyrejectsinformation
themselvestoconstructingtheirtemples, outworkingofGodspurposes.Isa.21:8,11, thatcontradictsthetypecastthattheyhave
ringingtheirbellstoattractthepeopleandto 12Ezek.3:17Hab.2:1. workedsohardtoestablish.
preachinginsidetheirplacesofworship,
[theWitnesses]followtheapostolictacticof "MiracleWheat"
Apostasy,WholettheDog'sOut!
goingfromhousetohouseandoftaking
advantageofeveryoccasiontowitness.El
Catolicismo,Bogot,Colombia,
September14,1975,p.14.
'UpontheWatchtowerIAmStanding'

FoesofC.T.Russellusednotonlyhis 17Thesemenarespringswithoutwaterand
domesticaffairsbutother"weapons"against mistsdrivenbyastorm.Blackestdarknessis
Pictureinyourmindawatchmanstationed him.Forinstance,hisenemieshavecharged reservedforthem.18Fortheymouthempty,
onahightower,bendingforward,scanning thathesoldagreatquantityofordinary boastfulwordsand,byappealingtothe
thehorizonduringthedaylight,strainingto wheatseedunderthenameof"Miracle lustfuldesiresofsinfulhumannature,they
piercethedarknessduringthenightalways Wheat"atonedollarperpound,orsixty enticepeoplewhoarejustescapingfrom
onthealert.Younowhavethemainidea dollarsperbushel.Theyhaveheldthatfrom thosewholiveinerror.19Theypromise
conveyedbytheHebrewwordfor thisRussellrealizedanenormouspersonal themfreedom,whiletheythemselvesare
watchtower(mitspeh)asusedinIsaiah profit.However,thesechargesareabsolutely slavesofdepravityforamanisaslaveto
21:8.Sincethewatchmanissovigilant,who false.Whatarethefacts? whateverhasmasteredhim.20Iftheyhave
inhisrightmindwoulddoubthisringing escapedthecorruptionoftheworldby
report?Likewisetoday,thewatchmanclass PastorRussell'sSermons knowingourLordandSaviorJesusChrist
hasexerteditselfbysearchingthroughthe andareagainentangledinitandovercome,
ScripturestoseewhatJehovahhasinstore theyareworseoffattheendthantheywere
forthissystemofthings.(James1:25)This atthebeginning.21Itwouldhavebeenbetter
watchmanthencallsoutthatmessageloudly forthemnottohaveknownthewayof
andfearlessly,principallythroughthepages righteousness,thantohaveknownitand
ofTheWatchtower.(CompareAmos3:4,8.) thentoturntheirbacksonthesacred
Thismagazinewillnevershrinkinfearfrom commandthatwaspassedontothem.22Of
championingthetruth!Isaiah43:9,10. themtheproverbsaretrue:"Adogreturnsto
itsvomit,"[a]and,"Asowthatiswashedgoes
Jehovah'sWitnessesWhoAreThey?WhatDoTheyBelieve? backtoherwallowinginthemud."2Peter
2:1722(NewInternationalVersion)

TheApostasy
Bytheendofthe19thcentury,theworldwas
crisscrossedwithtelegraphlines.
Telegraphiccommunicationwasinexpensive
andfastitrevolutionizedthepress.News
couldbequicklytransmittedoverlong
ITISthedesireofJehovah'sWitnessesthat distancesandprintedinnewspapers.Inthe
youbecomebetteracquaintedwiththem. earlypartofthe20thcentury,C.T.Russell
Youmayhavemetthemasneighborsand andhisassociatessawnewspapersasan
fellowemployeesorinotherdailyaffairsof effectivewayofreachinglargenumbersof
life.Youmayhaveseenthemonthestreet, people.Russelllatersaid:Thenewspaper
offeringtheirmagazinestopassersby.Oryou hasbecomethegreatfactorinthedailylife
mayhavespokenbrieflywiththematyour ofthecivilizedworld.
door.Actually,Jehovah'sWitnessesare
interestedinyouandyourwelfare.They MillennialDawnandStudiesintheScriptures Amongthevariouscausesofapostasy,oneof
wanttobeyourfriendsandtotellyoumore theforemostisunquestionablyalackoffaith
aboutthemselves,theirbeliefs,their throughdoubt.(Heb.3:12)Interestingly,
organization,andhowtheyfeelaboutpeople TheNewInternationalDictionaryofNew
andtheworldinwhichallofuslive.To TestamentTheologysuppliesthefollowing
accomplishthis,theyhavepreparedthis informationontheGreekverbthatisoften
brochureforyou. translatedbytodoubt:Diakrin,makea
distinction,judge,...doubt,waver....In
HowtheGoverningBodyIsOrganized
some[NewTestament]passagesdoubt
appearsasalackoffaithandthusassin
(Rom.14:23)....InRom.4:20f.doubt
comesclosetodisbelief....Doubtisthusa
ThedisseminationofBibletruthstooka lackoftrustintheactofGodwhichhehas
notablestepforwardwithaseriesofbooks stilltoperformandwhichmenaretoawait..
entitledMillennialDawn(later,Studiesin ..IntheNTthedoubtersinsagainstGod
theScriptures).WrittenbyC.T.Russellin andhispromises,becausehejudgesGod
easilyunderstoodlanguage,VolumeIwas falsely.
THEGoverningBodyofJehovahsWitnesses
publishedin1886.FirstcalledThePlanof
consistsofdedicatedmenwhoareanointed
servantsofGod.Theyactasrepresentatives theAgesandlaterTheDivinePlanofthe Apostates"animalisticmen"
ofthefaithfulanddiscreetslaveclass,which Ages,itcoveredsuchsubjectsasThe
hastheresponsibilityofprovidingspiritual ExistenceofaSupremeIntelligentCreator
Established,OurLordsReturnIts
foodandgivingdirectionandimpetustothe Object,theRestitutionofAllThings,The
Kingdompreachingworkthroughoutthe DayofJudgment,TheKingdomofGod
earth.Matt.24:14,4547. andTheDayofJehovah.Duringaforty
yearperiod,sixmillioncopiesofthis
AreJehovah'sWitnessesaCult? publicationweredistributed,helping
hundredsofsinceretruthseekerstocome
outoffalsereligiousbondageintoChristian
freedom.
TwoPastorsWhoAppreciatedRussell'sWritings

Asforyou,belovedones,calltomindthe
sayingsthathavebeenpreviouslyspokenby
theapostlesofourLordJesusChrist,how
theyusedtosaytoyou:Inthelasttime
therewillberidiculers,proceedingaccording

totheirowndesiresforungodlythings.
JehovahsWitnessesdonotholdritualistic
Thesearetheonesthatmakeseparations,
meetings,noristheirworshipcloakedin
animalisticmen,nothavingspirituality.
secrecy.NonWitnessauthorJuliaMitchell
(Jude1719)
Corbettnotes:Whentheymeet,usually
morethanonceaweek,inKingdomHalls
TheDivineName,GODHASANAME!AndknowingHisnameis
(theirmeetingsitesarenotcalledchurches), important!
mostoftheirtimeisspentinBiblestudyand
discussion.Theirmeetingplacesareclearly IN1891,CharlesTazeRussell,whodid
markedwithasign.Themeetingsareopen, outstandingworkamongtrueChristian
andthegeneralpublicisinvitedtoattend. worshipersofJehovah,visitedEuropefor
Unannouncedguestsaremorethan thefirsttime.Accordingtosomereports,
welcome. duringastopoverinPinerolo,Italy,Russell
metProfessorDanieleRivoire,aformer
FromHousetohouse(Acts5:42) pastorofareligiousgroupcalledthe
Waldenses.AlthoughRivoireremained
closelyassociatedwiththeWaldensesafter
helefttheministry,hekeptanopenmind
andreadmanypublicationsthatC.T.

Russellwrote.
ThesoleaimofourInternetsiteistobring
Godsnameintothespotlight.Further
PastorRussellandtheConventionTrain
informationisgivenonourpage
explanation.Bymeansoftheotherpages
youwillseethatourInternetsitefocuses
especiallyonshowing.Bymeansofmany
photographsanddocumentsweshowthe
useofGodsnameinarchaeology,literature,
Everydayinthetempleandfromhouseto musicandonexceptionalobjects.We
housetheycontinuedwithoutletupteaching transcendthebordersofreligionGods
anddeclaringthegoodnewsaboutthe nameisindeedfoundinmanyreligions,on
Christ,Jesus.(Acts5:42)Gothereforeand placesandobjectsofwhichthevisitors
makedisciplesofpeopleofallthenations, themselvesperhapsareevennotaware.
baptizingtheminthenameoftheFatherand
oftheSonandoftheholyspirit,teaching TheDivineName,doyouuseit?
themtoobserveallthethingsIhave Astimepassed,requestsforpersonal
commandedyou.And,look!Iamwithyou appearancesbyC.T.Russellincreased.In
allthedaysuntiltheconclusionofthe fulfillingsomespeakingengagements,he
systemofthings.(Matthew28:19,20) sometimeshadtraveledaboardaspecial
railroadconventioncar,asmallgroup
Jehovah'sWitnessesareNOTInspirednorInfallible accompanyinghim.Butlargerpartieswere
organizedinconventiontrains,asmanyas
240travelingwithRussellononeoccasion.
RussellandTheBibleExaminer

ItwasnotmerelybychancethatJesus
taughthisfollowerstoputGod'snamefirst
intheirprayers.Thatnamewasclearlyof
crucialimportancetohim,sincehe
mentioneditrepeatedlyinhisownprayers.
Ononeoccasionwhenhewaspraying

publiclytoGod,hewasheardtosay:
JehovahsWitnesses,intheireagernessfor
"Father,glorifyyourname!"AndGod
Jesussecondcoming,havesuggesteddates himselfanswered:"Ihaveglorifiedit,andI
thatturnedouttobeincorrect.Becauseof willglorifyitagain."John12:28,The
this,somehavecalledthemfalseprophets. JerusalemBible.
Neverintheseinstances,however,didthey
presumetooriginatepredictionsinthe You,OJehovah,aregoodandreadytoforgive.
nameofJehovah.Neverdidtheysay,These
arethewordsofJehovah.TheWatchtower,
theofficialjournalofJehovahsWitnesses,
hassaid:Wehavenotthegiftofprophecy.
(January1883,page425)Norwouldwe
haveourwritingsreverencedorregardedas GeorgeStorrs,waspublisherofthemagazine
infallible.(December15,1896,page306) BibleExaminer,inBrooklyn,NewYork.
TheWatchtowerhasalsosaidthatthefact Storrs,whowasbornonDecember13,1796,
thatsomehaveJehovahsspiritdoesnot wasinitiallystimulatedtoexaminewhatthe
meanthosenowservingasJehovahs Biblesaysabouttheconditionofthedeadas
witnessesareinspired.Itdoesnotmeanthat aresultofreadingsomethingpublished
thewritingsinthismagazineThe (thoughatthetimeanonymously)bya

Watchtowerareinspiredandinfallibleand carefulstudentoftheBible,HenryGrew,of
Weread:Asfaroffasthesunriseisfrom
withoutmistakes.(May15,1947,page157) Philadelphia,Pennsylvania.Storrsbecamea
thesunset,sofarofffromushehasputour
TheWatchtowerdoesnotclaimtobe zealousadvocateofwhatwascalled
transgressions.Asafathershowsmercyto
inspiredinitsutterances,norisitdogmatic. conditionalimmortalitytheteachingthat
hissons,Jehovahhasshownmercytothose
(August15,1950,page263)Thebrothers thesoulismortalandthatimmortalityisa
fearinghim.WhyisJehovahdisposedto
preparingthesepublicationsarenot gifttobeattainedbyfaithfulChristians.He
showmercy?Thenextverseanswers:For
infallible.Theirwritingsarenotinspiredas alsoreasonedthatsincethewickeddonot
hehimselfwellknowstheformationofus,
arethoseofPaulandtheotherBiblewriters. haveimmortality,thereisnoeternal
rememberingthatwearedust.(Psalm
(2Tim.3:16)Andso,attimes,ithasbeen torment.Storrstraveledextensively,
103:1214)Yes,Jehovahdoesnotforgetthat
necessary,asunderstandingbecameclearer, lecturingonthesubjectofnoimmortalityfor
wearecreaturesofdust,havingfrailties,or
tocorrectviews.(Prov.4:18)February15, thewicked.Amonghispublishedworkswas
weaknesses,asaresultofimperfection.The
1981,page19. theSixSermons,whicheventuallyattaineda
expressionthatheknowstheformationof
distributionof200,000copies.Withouta
usremindsusthattheBiblelikensJehovah
TheControversyOverthe"GreatCrowd"ofRevelationChapter7 doubt,StorrsstrongBiblebasedviewson
toapotterandustothevesselsheforms.
themortalityofthesoulaswellasthe
(Jeremiah18:26)Apotterhandleshisclay
atonementandrestitution(restorationof
vesselsfirmlyyetdelicately,evermindfulof
whatwaslostduetoAdamicsinActs3:21)
theirnature.So,too,Jehovah,theGreat
hadastrong,positiveinfluenceonyoung
Potter,tempershisdealingswithus
CharlesT.Russell.
accordingtothefrailtyofoursinfulnature.
Compare2Corinthians4:7.
PastorRussallatCarnegieHall
VaticanSays"Yahweh"NottoBePronounced
Especially,sincethelate1970s,anumberof
exJehovahsWitnessesandsympathetic
supportersfrommainstreamchurches,have
publiclychallengedtheunderstandingthat
JehovahsWitnesseshaveofthe"great
crowd"mentionedinRevelationchapter7.
Theseantagonists,byandlarge,believethat
thegreatcrowdwillbeelevatedtolifein
heavenalongwiththe144,000mentionedin

thesamechapter.
WASHINGTON,D.C.,AUG.19,2008

(Zenit.org).AnotefromtheVaticanhas
TheChristianCommunityandtheEarthlyHope
AfterfuneralservicesatTheTempleinNew
reiteratedadirectivethatthenameofGod
YorkandatCarnegieHallinPittsburgh,
BrotherRussellwasburiedatAllegheny,in revealedinthetetragrammatonYHWHis
theBethelfamilyplot,accordingtohis nottobepronouncedinCatholicliturgy.
request.AbriefbiographyofRussellalong
PastorRussellSaid,onlinedatabaseofRussell'swritings
withhiswillandtestamentwaspublishedin
TheWatchTowerofDecember1,1916,as
wellasinsubsequenteditionsofthefirst
volumeofStudiesintheScriptures.

Someindividualswhoformerlyassociated FillingSpiritualNeedsofEarlyBibleStudents
withJehovah'sWitnessesfeelquitestrongly
thatnoTrueChristianisdestinedtoliveon
theearthforever.Forthem,theBible's
commentsabouta"newearth"applyto
faithfulPreChristianslikeAbraham,Isaac,
JacobandHezekiah.Theyarenotatcross
purposeswithJehovah'sWitnessesonthe
issueoftwoclasses,aheavenlyclassandan Norwouldwehaveourwritingsreverenced
earthlyclasstheydifferonwhoconstitute orregardedasinfallible,oronaparwiththe
thosetwoclasses.Moreover,theywould holyScriptures.Themostweclaimorhave
arguethatthisdifferencecannotbetrivialize everclaimedforourteachingsisthatthey
sinceiftheirpositioniscorrectevery arewhatwebelievetobeharmonious
Christianshouldbepartakingofthe interpretationsofthedivineWord,in
Memorialemblems,asignificantaffair. harmonywiththespiritofthetruth.Andwe
stillurge,asinthepast,thateachreader
WhysomanyFalseAlarms? studythesubjectswepresentinthelightof
theScriptures,provingallthingsbythe
Scriptures,acceptingwhattheyseetobe

thusapproved,andrejectingallelse.Itisto
BrotherRussellrealizedthatitwas
thisend,toenablethestudenttotracethe
importantforJehovahsservantstobea
subjectinthedivinelyinspiredRecord,that
unifiedpeople,nomatterwheretheymight
wesofreelyinterspersebothquotationsand
bescatteredaroundtheglobe.So,in1879,
citationsoftheScripturesuponwhichto
shortlyaftertheWatchTowerbegantobe
build.
published,itsreaderswereinvitedtomake
requestforBrotherRusselloroneofhis
StudiesintheScriptures(fromaBibleStudentsite)
associatestovisitthem.
IndividualsareUnimportanttoGod'sWork
JehovahsWitnesses,intheireagernessfor
Jesussecondcoming,havesuggesteddates
thatturnedouttobeincorrect.Becauseof
this,somehavecalledthemfalseprophets.
Neverintheseinstances,however,didthey
presumetooriginatepredictionsinthe
nameofJehovah.Neverdidtheysay,These
arethewordsofJehovah.TheWatchtower,
theofficialjournalofJehovahsWitnesses,
hassaid:Wehavenotthegiftofprophecy.
(January1883,page425)Norwouldwe Manyofthesebookshavebeenburnedby
haveourwritingsreverencedorregardedas peoplewhoneverreadthem,butwhowere
infallible.(December15,1896,page306) influencedbymisrepresentations.Justsoit
TheWatchtowerhasalsosaidthatthefact "A.H.Macmillanistobeinfullchargeofthe wasduringtheDarkAgesinrespecttothe
thatsomehaveJehovahsspiritdoesnot officeandtheBethelHomeduringmy followersofJesus,whosufferedmartyrdom.
meanthosenowservingasJehovahs absence.Anythinghesaysforyoutodoyou Yes,JesusHimselfsufferedatthehandsof
witnessesareinspired.Itdoesnotmeanthat mustdoitdoesn'tmakeanydifference thosewhodidnotunderstandHimorHis
thewritingsinthismagazineThe whetheryouagreeornot.Ifhetellsyou teachings,asSt.Peterpointedlydeclares:
Watchtowerareinspiredandinfallibleand incorrectly,I'llattendtohimwhenIget Andnow,brethren,Iwotthatthrough
withoutmistakes.(May15,1947,page157) home."Thenhehandedmecopiesofallthe ignoranceyedidit,asdidalsoyourrulers
TheWatchtowerdoesnotclaimtobe lettersandsaid,"Youhavetheskeleton (Acts3:17)forhadtheyknownit,they
inspiredinitsutterances,norisitdogmatic. organization.Gotoworkanddothings." wouldnothavecrucifiedtheLordofGlory.
(August15,1950,page263)Thebrothers 1Cor.2:8
preparingthesepublicationsarenot JosephL.andAnnEliza(Birney)Russell
infallible.Theirwritingsarenotinspiredas BibleStudenthistory(thisishowtheyseeit)
arethoseofPaulandtheotherBiblewriters.
(2Tim.3:16)Andso,attimes,ithasbeen
necessary,asunderstandingbecameclearer,
tocorrectviews.(Prov.4:18)February15,
1981,page19.
WhatisGod'sKingdom
C.T.RussellwasbornintheUnitedStates,
inAllegheny(nowpartofPittsburgh),
Pennsylvania,onFebruary16,1852.Hewas
thesecondsonofJosephL.andAnnEliza
(Birney)Russell,whowerePresbyteriansof
ScottishIrishdescent.Charlesmotherdied Andsoitwasintheearlypartof1879that
whenhewasonlynineyearsold,butfroman PastorRusselldecidedtowithdrawhis
earlyage,Charleswasinfluencedbybothof financialandeditorialsupportfromThe
hisreligiouslymindedparents.Asalater HeraldoftheMorningandformedThe

associateofC.T.Russellputit,theytrained WatchTowerBibleandTractSociety,
WHATwasthethemeofJesuspreaching?
thesmalltwiganditgrewinthedirectionof publishing,asitsjournal,ZionsWatch
AccordingtoJesushimself,itwasGods
theLord.Althoughbroughtupasa TowerandHeraldofChristsPresence.
Kingdom.(Luke4:43)Whenpeoplelistened
Presbyterian,Charleseventuallyjoinedthe
tohimspeak,theysurelyheardmany
CongregationalChurchbecausehepreferred NelsonH.Barbour
referencestothatKingdom.Werethey
itsviews.
puzzledormystified?Didtheyaskhimwhat
thisKingdomwas?No.TheGospelsrecord
JosephL.Russell
nosuchquestions.SowasGodsKingdoma
familiarconcepttothosepeople?
WillPlanetEarthbedestroyed?

JosephL.Russell,Charlesfather,wasa
Prov.2:21,22,KJ:Theuprightshalldwell memberoftheAlleghenyBiblestudyclass
intheland[onearth,NE],andtheperfect andacloseassociateofhissoninthe BarbourcontinuedtheHeraldofthe
[blamelessmen,NE]shallremaininit.But activitiesoftheWatchTowerSocietyuntil Morning,thoughwithbreaks,untilatleast
thewickedshallbecutofffromtheearth, hisdeathin1897. 1903,occasionallyissuingstatementscritical
andthetransgressorsshallberootedoutof ofC.T.Russell.Hewrotefavorablythough
it.(Noticethatitdoesnotsaytheblameless AlexanderH.Macmillan
cautiouslythathewaspersuaded1896was
willreturntotheearthbutthattheyshall thedateforChrist'svisiblereturn.This
remaininit.)Isa.45:18:Thisiswhat wasn'toriginalwithhim,butgrewoutofthe
Jehovahhassaid,theCreatoroftheheavens, AdventChristianChurch.Thelastdatesetby
HethetrueGod,theFormeroftheearthand BarbourforChristsreturnwas1907.
theMakerofit,HetheOnewhofirmly
establishedit,whodidnotcreateitsimply JohnH.Paton
fornothing,whoformediteventobe
inhabited:IamJehovah,andthereisnoone
else.(SeealsoIsaiah55:10,11.)

JesusWhyheissoimportant?
ThewonderfulexpansionthatIhaveseenin
Jehovahsorganizationandtheworldwide
preachingofthegoodnewsoftheKingdom
thatIseegoingontodaybringmyownyears
ofpreachingtoamarvelousclimax.Ithas
beenaprivilegetoworkwiththeSocietys
threepresidentsandtohavehadapartin
thisexpansion.Icantrulyappreciatenow
BrotherRussellsremarkinhislast Twoyearslater,Paton,whowasthenserving
conversationwithmewhenhesaid: asatravelingrepresentativeoftheWatch
FOR2,000yearsnow,muchattentionhas Brother,thisisnotmanswork.Thisis Tower,alsobegantoturnaway,thereafter
beenfocusedonthebirthofJesus.According Gods.DoingGodswillforthepastsixtysix publishingabook(hissecondoneentitled
tothefirstcenturyphysicianLuke,ayoung yearshasindeedbeenmykeenestdelight. DayDawn)inwhichherejectedbeliefin
virginnamedMarywastoldbyanangel: Adamsfallintosinandconsequentlythe
Look!youwillconceiveinyourwomband WilliamE.VanAmburgh
needforaredeemer.Hereasonedthatthe
givebirthtoason,andyouaretocallhis Lordhimselfwasanimperfectmanwhoby
nameJesus.Whatdidtheangelic hislifesimplyshowedothershowtocrucify
messengersayaboutJesus?Thisonewillbe theirsinfulpropensities.
greatandwillbecalledSonoftheMost
High,hesaid.He[Jesus]willruleasking, MariaF.Russell
andtherewillbenoendofhiskingdom.
Luke1:3133.
NoOneHasLoveGreaterThenThis

ManyofBrotherRussellsassociateswere
firmlyconvincedthattheLordhadthings
wellinhand.AtBrotherRussellsfuneral,W.
E.VanAmburghstated:Godhasusedmany
servantsinthepastandHewilldoubtless

usemanyinthefuture.Ourconsecrationis
Mrs.RussellwasadirectoroftheWatch
nottoaman,ortoamanswork,buttodo
TowerSocietyandservedasitssecretaryand
thewillofGod,asHeshallrevealituntous
treasurerforsomeyears.Shealsowasa
Bysurrenderinghislife,Jesusproved throughHisWordandprovidentialleadings.
regularcontributortothecolumnsofZions
himselfarealfriendtohisfollowers.Noone Godisstillatthehelm.BrotherVan
WatchTowerandforatimewasanassociate
haslovegreaterthanthis,hesaid,that Amburghneverwaveredfromthat
editorofthejournal.Eventually,shesought
someoneshouldsurrenderhissoulinbehalf convictiondowntillhisdeath.
astrongervoiceinwhatshouldbepublished
ofhisfriends.(John15:13)Thatraisessome intheWatchTower.Suchambitionwas
importantquestions.Wasitreallynecessary ClaytonJ.Woodworth
comparabletothatofMosessisterMiriam,
forJesustogothroughallthatsufferingand whoroseupagainstherbrotherasleaderof
thentodie?Whywashewillingtodoso?As IsraelunderGodandtriedtomakeherself
hisfriendsandfollowers,howcanwe prominentacoursethatmetwithdivine
imitatehisexample? disapproval.Num.12:115.
RelivingJesus'LastDaysonEarth ErnestC.Henninges"NewCovenantFellowship"

ClaytonJ.WoodworthandGeorgeH.Fisher,
compileabookconsistingofcommentaries
onRevelation,TheSongofSolomonand
Ezekiel.Thecoeditorsassembledmaterial
fromBrotherRussellswritingsandthiswas
Byhiswillingparticipationinthedivine publishedunderthetitleTheFinished ErnestCharlesHenningesdiedonFebruary
arrangement,GodsSonemptiedhimselfof MysteryastheseventhvolumeofStudiesin 3,1939.Hissectthe"NewCovenant
hisheavenlynature.(Philippians2:7) theScriptures. Fellowship,"isstillactiveandoffershis
Jehovahtransferredthelifeforceandthe booksandcopiesofthe"NewCovenant
personalitypatternofhisfirstbornheavenly JonasWendell AdvocateandKingdomHerald."Henninges
SontothewombofaJewishvirginnamed defectioncausedthesecondlargestsplitin
Mary.Holyspiritthenovershadowedher, WatchTowerSocietyhistory,secondonlyto
guaranteeingthatthechildgrowinginher the19171931schism.
wombwouldbeholy,absolutelyfreeofsin.
(Luke1:351Peter2:22)Asaman,hewould PaulS.L.Johnson,The"EpiphanyMessenger"
becalledJesus.Butinalegalsense,hecould
becalledthesecondAdam,forhe
correspondedperfectlytoAdam.
(1Corinthians15:45,47)Jesuscouldthus
offerhimselfupinsacrificeasan
unblemishedandspotlesslamb,aransom
forsinfulmankind.1Peter1:18,19.
Bythelate1860shehadbeenstudyingthe
TheRansomandYOU chronologyoftheBible,andwasencouraged
byconclusionsshowingChrist'sreturn
wouldoccurineither1868or1873/4.In
1870Wendellpublishedhisviewsinthe
bookletentitledThePresentTruth,orMeat AfterthedeathofPastorCharlesRussellon
inDueSeasonconcludingthattheSecond October31,1916,thedivisionswithinthe
Adventwassuretooccurin1873.Unknown WatchtowerSocietysoonstarted.Read
tohim,attendanceatoneofhis aboutoneoftheringleadersbythenameof
presentationsrestoredCharlesTazeRussell's PaulS.L.Johnson.ThisreviewofPaul
faithintheBibleasthetruewordofGod, JohnsonandhissecttheLaymen'sHome
leadingtoRussell'sministry. MissionaryMovement,isnotfrom

Definition:Apricepaidtobuybackorto Watchtowerpublications.Howeveryoucan
GeorgeStorrs alsoreadallabouthiminthe1973&1975
bringaboutreleasefromsomeobligationor
undesirablecircumstance.Themost YearbooksofJehovah'sWitnesses,the
significantransompriceisthatoftheshed ProclaimersofGod'sKingdombook,the
bloodofJesusChrist.Bypayingoverthe DivinePurposebook,andFaithonthe
valueofthatransominheaven,Jesus March.
openedthewayforAdamsoffspringtobe
deliveredfromthesinanddeaththatweall DidJesusMeanHellfire?
inheritbecauseofthesinofourforefather
Adam.
TheGreatestMan
C.T.Russellfeltasenseofindebtednessto
GeorgeStorrs,whowassome56yearshis
senior.Russellhadlearnedmuchfrom
Storrsaboutthemortalityofthesoul.So
whenStorrslayseriouslyilllatein1879,
RussellofferedtoprintintheWatchTower
astatementofStorrscondition.Our
brother,Russellwrote,solongtheeditorof
TheBibleExaminerisknowntomostofour TheBiblehasansweredourquestion.Ithas
TheBiblewriterJamesacknowledgesthat readersalsothathehasbeenobligedby shownthatHades,Sheolorhellisthe
weallstumblemanytimes.(James3:2) severeillnesstodiscontinuehispaper.In commongraveofmankind.Atthe
BecauseofChristsransom,however,our Russellsestimation,Storrshadmuch resurrectionhellgivesupitsdead.Jehovah
errorscanbepardoned.Johnwrites:If reasontothankGodforbeingprivilegedto
anyonedoescommitasin,wehaveahelper spendsolongalifeandonesoconsecrated destroyshell,foritiscastintothelakeof
withtheFather,JesusChrist,arighteous totheMaster.StorrsdiedonDecember28, fire.Gehennarepresentsthestateof
one.Andheisapropitiatorysacrificeforour 1879,attheageof83.Anannouncementof destructionthatlastsforeverandever.There
sins.(1John2:1,2)Ofcourse,weshould hisdeathappearedintheFebruary1880 isnohopeofaresurrectionforthosein
nottakeacasualviewofsin.(Jude4 issueoftheWatchTower,whichsaid:We Gehenna.Sothefieryhellsareonlypagan
compare1Corinthians9:27.)However,ifwe mournthelossofafriendandbrotherin hells.TheBiblehell(SheolHades)isnot
err,wecanpouroutourhearttoJehovah, Christyet,notasthosewhohavenohope. hot,butisthedark,silentgrave.
confidentthatheisreadytoforgive.
(Psalm86:5130:3,4Isaiah1:1855:7Acts GeorgeW.Stetson JesustheChristwassentbyGod
3:19)Thustheransomenablesustoserve
Godwithacleanconscienceandmakesit
possibleforustoapproachhiminprayer
throughthenameofJesusChrist.John
14:13,14Hebrews9:14.
DoJehovah'sWitnessesdenytheRansom?

ForoverfortyyearsGeorgeStetsonfollowed
inthefootstepsofChristandassociatedwith Thewordransomisoftenusedwhenthere
HenryGrewandGeorgeStorrsinhisearly isakidnapping.Afterakidnappercapturesa
ministry,andevenlaterwithJonasWendell person,hemaysayhewillreturntheperson
andCharlesRussell.Hewasnotonlya ifacertainamountofmoneyispaidasa
TheBibleStudentsteachthefalseviewthat minister,butalsoaschoolteacher,and ransom.Soaransomissomethingthat
Jehovah'sWitnessesdenytheRansom.In physician.AsamemberoftheAdvent bringsthedeliveranceofapersonheld
realitytheJehovah'sWitnessesdonotdeny ChristianChurch. captive.Itissomethingthatispaidsothat
theRansom,wejustrejecttheBibleStudents hedoesnotlosehislife.Jesusperfect
HaydenC.Covington humanlifewasgiventoobtainmankinds
understandingofit.TheBibleStudentsteach
thatJesusdied"For"Adam,thiswouldthen releasefrombondagetosinanddeath.(1
causeachainreactionthatwouldfree"All" Peter1:18,19Ephesians1:7)Whywassuch
ofmankind.HowevertheBiblestatesthat areleaseneeded?
Jesusdiedforusasindividuals.The
Jehovah'sWitnessesloveJesus,andyet GutenbergHowHeEnrichedtheWorld!
manyBibleStudentshateus.TheJewsreject
JesusandthesesameBibleStudentslove
them.Funnyhowthatworks.
God'sViewofBlood

Inthefollowingyears,HaydenCovington
cametobehailedasoneofthegreatestcivil
libertiesattorneysinAmericanhistory.
DuringhistenureastheheadoftheWatch
TowerSociety'sLegalDepartment, WHICHinventionofthepastthousandyears
Covingtonissaidtohavepresented111 hasmostinfluencedyourlife?Wasitthe
petitionsandappealstotheSupremeCourt telephone,thetelevision,orthemotorcar?
hewonwellabove80%ofthe44caseshe Probablyitwasnoneofthese.Accordingto
broughtbeforetheCourt.Thecasesdealt manyexperts,itwasmechanizedprinting.
withissuesrangingfromcompulsoryflag Themanwhoisgivencreditforthe
salutestatutes,tostreetpreaching,todoor inventionofthefirstpracticalmethodis
todoorliteraturedistribution.Heeventually JohannesGensfleischzurLaden,better
resignedasHeadoftheWatchTower knownasJohannesGutenberg.Hecame
"Youshallnoteatfleshwithitslife,thatis, Society'sLegalDepartment. fromanaristocraticbackgroundand
itsblood."(Gen.9:4)RSV"YOUmustnot
thereforedidnothavetoservearegular
eatthebloodofANYsortofflesh,because BenjaminH.Barton apprenticeship.
thesoulofEVERYsortoffleshisitsblood.
Anyoneeatingitwillbecutoff."(Lev.17:13,
JosephusHistorianWellsuitedtoHisSubject
14)"Behold,thepeoplesinagainstJehovah,
inthattheyeatwiththeblood."(1Sam.
14:33)ASV"Keepabstainingfrom...blood.
Acts15:29
DidJesusdieonaCrossorStake(Stauros)

OnSunday,June18,thePhiladelphia
Friendswerecalledtoorderatthecloseof
theeveningserviceandinformedthatour
dearBrotherBartonhadsufferedacomplete
breakdown.Prayerwasofferedinhisbehalf.
OntheSundayfollowing,theFriendswere
informedthatourdearBrotherwasonhis
waytoPortland,Ore.,totaketwoweeks'
treatmentfromaphysicianthere,after
whichhewastomakehiswayhomebyslow
stages.OnthenextSunday,theFriendswere
informedthatBrotherBartonhadindeed
arrived"home,"havingpassedbeyondthe
veilthedaybefore,Saturday,June24.
J.F.Rutherford,onwiththework
TheGreekwordrenderedcrossinmany Despitehisambivalentrole,Josephuswas
modernBibleversions(torturestakein aneyewitnesstohistory,andhiswritingsare
NW)isstauros.InclassicalGreek,this consideredauthoritative.Thesetextsarekey
wordmeantmerelyanuprightstake,orpale. tounderstandingapivotalpointinworld
Lateritalsocametobeusedforanexecution history,whichhastragicrepercussionseven
stakehavingacrosspiece.TheImperial tothisday.
BibleDictionaryacknowledgesthis,saying:
TheGreekwordforcross,[stauros], TheMoabiteStone
properlysignifiedastake,anuprightpole,or
pieceofpaling,onwhichanythingmightbe
hung,orwhichmightbeusedinimpaling
[fencingin]apieceofground....Even BrotherRutherfordwasdeterminedtopress
amongsttheRomansthecrux(fromwhich onwiththeworkofKingdompreaching.For
ourcrossisderived)appearstohavebeen years,undertheguidanceofJehovahsholy
originallyanuprightpole.EditedbyP. spirit,theBibleStudentshadcarriedona
Fairbairn(London,1874),Vol.I,p.376. remarkablyextensivecampaignindeclaring
Godstruth.Why,from1870through1913
TheReturnofChrist theyhaddistributed228,255,719tractsand
pamphletsand6,950,292boundbooks.In
themomentousyear1914aloneJehovahs

servantsputout71,285,037tractsand
THEMoabite,orMesha,Stonewas
pamphletsand992,845boundbooks.The
deliberatelybrokenupwithinayearofits
years1915and1916,however,sawadecline
discoveryin1868.Itwasalmost3,000years
inpublishingactivitiesbecauseofthe
old.Apieceofpolishedblackbasaltwitha
expandingofWorldWarIandthe
neatlyroundedtop,itwas44incheshigh,
breakdownofcommunications.In1917,
[112cm]28inches[71cm]wide,and14
Beforeleavingtheearth,JesusChrist though,theworkbeganshowinganupward
inches[36cm]thick.Sometimeafteritwas
promisedtoreturn.Thrillingeventsin trend.
brokenup,2largeand18smallerfragments
connectionwithGodsKingdomare
wererecovered,butathirdofthestonewas
associatedwiththatpromise.Itshouldbe TheFinishedMystery(1917)
irretrievablylost.Howwassuchan
notedthatthereisadifferencebetween
extraordinaryartifactalmostlostforever?
comingandpresence.Thus,whileapersons
Andhowvaluableisittostudentsofthe
coming(associatedwithhisarrivalorreturn)
Bible?
occursatagiventime,hispresencemay
thereafterextendoveraperiodofyears.
RescuingtheCodexSinaiticus
WasJesusaSpiritorWasn'tHe?

CharlesTazeRussellhadwrittensixvolumes
ofMillennialDawn,orStudiesinthe
Scriptures,butoftenspokeaboutwritinga
seventhvolume.WheneverIfindthekey,

saidhe,IwillwritetheSeventhVolume
THECodexSinaiticushasbeendescribedas
andiftheLordgivesthekeytosomeoneelse,
themostimportant,exciting,andvaluable
hecanwriteit.TheSocietysofficers
IfhewasGodinthefleshexperiencingtwo bookinexistence.Thisisnotjustbecauseit
arrangedtohavetwoBibleStudents,Clayton
naturessimultaneouslythenhewasaspirit isatleast1,600yearsoldbutbecauseit
J.WoodworthandGeorgeH.Fisher,
athisresurrectionsinceGodisaspirit.On formsavitallinkinourcatalogofBible
compileabookconsistingofcommentaries
theotherhand,ifindeedhewas,inreality, manuscripts.Itsrediscovery,byTischendorf
onRevelation,TheSongofSolomonand
notaspiritbuta"glorifiedbody",thenhe justoverahundredyearsago,isa
Ezekiel.
wasnotaGodmaninthesenseTrinitarians fascinatingstory.
understandit,sinceaGodmanisaspirit
TheRutherfordTroyDebate(1915TrinityAuditorium)
clothedinflesh.Theycannothaveitboth TheDeadSeaScrolls
ways.
MustChristianskeepaweeklysabbath?

BeforethediscoveryoftheDeadSeaScrolls,
theoldestmanuscriptsoftheHebrew

Scriptureswerefromabouttheninthand
Rom.10:4:ChrististheendoftheLaw,so ImusttellyouhowtheAdversarydidnot
tenthcenturiesC.E.Couldthesemanuscripts
thateveryoneexercisingfaithmayhave succeedforonce.Myopponentwaswell
trulyberelieduponasfaithfultransmissions
righteousness.(Sabbathkeepingwasapart preparedtoassaultyoupersonally.Ijudged
ofGodsWord,sincethewritingofthe
ofthatLaw.GodusedChristtobringthat sofromtheinterviewshehadgiventhepress
HebrewScriptureswascompletedwellover
Lawtoitsend.Ourhavingarighteous twodaysbeforethedebate.Isaidnothing
onethousandyearsearlier?ProfessorJulio
standingwithGoddependsonfaithin then,butwaitedmytime.Aboutthree
TrebolleBarrera,amemberofthe
Christ,notonkeepingaweeklysabbath.) minutesbeforewewentontheplatformfor
internationalteamofeditorsoftheDeadSea
(AlsoGalatians4:911Ephesians2:1316) thefirstnight'sdiscussionIcalledBrother
Scrolls,states:TheIsaiahScroll[from
Troy,myopponent,andtwoofhisfriends
Qumran]providesirrefutableproofthatthe
Jehovah'sWitnesses:VictimsoftheNaziEra(19331945) andtwoofourfriendsintoasideroom.You
transmissionofthebiblicaltextthrougha
willrecallthatwehadenteredintoa
periodofmorethanonethousandyearsby
thousanddollarobligation,withsecurities,
thehandsofJewishcopyistshasbeen
thatwewouldrefrainfrompersonalities.I
extremelyfaithfulandcareful.
thensaid:"BrotherTroy,Idesiretobe
absolutelyfrankwithyouandthereforeIsay
Bibleschronologyof607B.C.E.
thistoyoubeforewegoontheplatform.
FromyourinterviewswiththepressIjudge
thatyouintendtoassaultPastorRussell
fromtheplatform.Ofcourse,youcanpursue
thatcourseifyouwish,butthefirsttimeyou
attemptitIamgoingtohaveyourbond
forfeited."

TheNaziregimetargetedJehovah's
RadioPioneer(WBBR19241957)
Witnessesforpersecutionbecausethey
refused,outofreligiousconviction,toswear
loyaltytoaworldlygovernmentortoservein WhyJehovahsWitnessesarerightfor
itsarmedforces.Jehovah'sWitnessesalso stickingtotheBibleschronologyof607BCE
engagedinmissionaryactivitytowin forthedestructionofJerusalem.Arguments
adherentsforthefaith.TheNazisperceived for587BCEarescripturallyflawed,causing
therefusaltocommittothestateandefforts fourBiblepropheciestofail.Theyear607
toproselytizeasovertlypoliticaland BCEreallyistheonlydatethatworkswith
subversiveacts.UnlikeJewsandRoma theBible.
(Gypsies),whomtheNazistargetedfor
perceivedracialreasons,Jehovah's ForsomethirtythreeyearsWBBRbrought Jerusalemwasdestroyedin607B.C.E.
Witnesseshadtheoptiontoavoid glorytoJehovahandspreadBibletruthfar
persecutionandpersonalharmby andwide.Itbeganbroadcastingwitha500
submittingtostateauthorityandservingin watttransmitter.Threeyearslater,anew
thearmedforces.Sincesuchsubmission 1,000watttransmitterwaspurchased.In
wouldviolatetheirreligiousbeliefs,thevast 1947theFederalCommunications
majorityofJehovah'sWitnessesrefusedto CommissiongrantedWBBRpermissionto
abandontheirfaitheveninthefaceof increaseitspowerto5,000watts,providing
persecution,tortureinconcentrationcamps, thiswouldnotinterferewithotherstations
ordeath. operatingonthesamefrequencyinwidely Itseemsevidentthattheeasiestandmost
scatteredpartsoftheUnitedStates. directunderstandingofthevariousBiblical
WhatdoestheBiblereallyteach?(readonline) Installationofathreetowerdirectional statementsisthatthe70yearsbeganwith
antennasystemsolvedthatproblemandthis thecompletedesolationofJudahafter
arrayincreasedthe5,000wattpowerto Jerusalemwasdestroyed.(Jeremiah25:811
morethan25,000wattsinthenortheasterly 2Chronicles36:2023Daniel9:2)Hence,
directionwherethepopulationwasthe countingback70yearsfromwhentheJews
greatest.WBBRwasheardintheareaof returnedtotheirhomelandin537B.C.E.,we
metropolitanNewYorkandtheadjoining arriveat607B.C.E.forthedatewhen
statesofNewJerseyandConnecticut. Nebuchadnezzar,inhis18thregnalyear,
However,lettersconcerningitsprograms destroyedJerusalem,removedZedekiah
werereceivedfromEngland,Alaska, fromthethroneandbroughttoanendthe
Californiaandotherdistantplaces. Judeanlineofkingsonathroneinearthly
Jerusalem.Ezekiel21:1927
Thefactthatyouarereadingthisbookshows
Millionsnowlivingwillneverdie
thatyouwouldliketofindoutwhattheBible
SevenTimesTheTimesofTheGentiles
teaches.Thisbookwillhelpyou.Noticethat
theparagraphshavecorresponding
questionsatthebottomofthepage.Millions
haveenjoyedusingthequestionandanswer
methodwhendiscussingtheBiblewith
JehovahsWitnesses.Wehopeyouwilltoo.
MayyouhaveGodsblessingasyounow
enjoythethrillingandsatisfyingexperience
oflearningwhattheBiblereallyteaches!
InthecourseoftheirBiblestudies,these
Atthetime,itwasbelievedthatfaithfulmen
searchingstudentstookupaconsideration
WouldYouLiketoKnowtheTruth? ofoldtimes,suchasAbraham,Joseph,and
ofthetimesoftheGentiles,asspokenofby
David,wouldberesurrectedbeforetheend
JesusatLuke21:24(AV),andthey
ofthissystemofthingsandwouldserveas
associatedthoseGentileTimeswiththe
princesinalltheearth,infulfillmentof
seventimesmentionedfourtimesin
Psalm45:16.Thisviewwasadjustedin1950,
Daniel,chapterfour,verses16,23,25,32
whenfurtherstudyoftheScriptures
WhatdidthoseBiblestudentsdetermineto
indicatedthatthoseearthlyforefathersof
bethedateforthoseseventimesofGentile
JesusChristwouldberesurrectedafter
dominationoftheearthtoendlegallybefore
Armageddon.SeeTheWatchtower,
God?Well,atthattimetherewasamonthly
November1,1950,pages41417.
magazinebeingpublishedinBrooklyn,New
York,byoneGeorgeStorrs,anditwascalled
BethSarim(19291947)
BibleExaminerIntheyear1876the
twentyfouryearoldRussellmadea
THEtruthaboutwhat?Aboutsomeofthe contributiononthesubjecttothismagazine
mostimportantquestionsthathumanshave ItwaspublishedinVolumeXXI,Number1,
everasked.Perhapsyouhavewondered whichwastheissueofOctober,1876.On
aboutsuchquestionsasthese: pages27,28ofthatissueRussellsarticle
waspublishedunderthetitleGentileTimes:
TheNewWorldTranslation WhenDoTheyEnd?Inthatarticle(page
27)Russellsaid:Theseventimeswillendin
BrotherRutherfordhadaseverecaseof A.D.1914.
pneumoniaafterhisreleasefromunjust
imprisonmentin1919.Thereafter,hehad Jerusalem,607B.C.E.
onlyonegoodlung.Inthe1920s,undera
doctorstreatment,hewenttoSanDiego,
California,andthedoctorurgedhimto
spendasmuchtimeaspossiblethere.From
ProfessorBenjaminKedarofIsraelsaid:"In 1929on,BrotherRutherfordspentthe
mylinguisticresearchinconnectionwiththe wintersworkingataSanDiegoresidencehe
HebrewBibleandtranslation,Ioftenreferto hadnamedBethSarim.
theEnglisheditionaswhatisknownasthe
NewWorldTranslation.Indoingso,Ifind
FromWillerMillertoCharlesTazeRussell
myfeelingrepeatedlyconfirmedthatthis "Jehovah'sWitnesseshavebeeninterested
kindofworkreflectsanhonestendeavorto inthefindingsofarchaeologistsasthese
achieveanunderstandingofthetextthatis relatetotheBible.However,wherethe
asaccurateaspossible.Givingevidenceofa interpretationofthesefindingsconflictswith
broadcommandoftheoriginallanguage,it clearstatementsintheBible,weacceptwith
renderstheoriginalwordsintoasecond confidencewhattheHolyScripturessay,
languageunderstandablywithoutdeviating whetheronmattersrelatedtochronologyor
unnecessarilyfromthespecificstructureof anyothertopic....Forthesamereason,
theHebrew....Everystatementoflanguage theyhaverealizedthattheprophecyin
allowsforacertainlatitudeininterpretingor Danielchapter4regardingthe"seventimes"
translating.Sothelinguisticsolutioninany begancountingin607606B.C.E.andthatit
pinpointed1914C.E.intheautumnasthe
givencasemaybeopentodebate.ButIhave
Evidently,then,thelaunchingofthe yearwhenChristwasenthronedinheavenas
neverdiscoveredintheNewWorld
Milleritemovementdidnotturnouttobe rulingKingandthisworldentereditstimeof
Translationanybiasedintenttoread
themidnightcry,Hereisthebridegroom! theend.Buttheywouldnothavediscerned
somethingintothetextthatitdoesnot
TheheavenlyBridegroomdidnotappearin thesethrillingfulfillmentsofprophecyif
contain."
thefleshvisiblytothoseAdventistsandtake theyhadwaveredintheirconfidenceinthe
theminarapturetotheirdesiredheavenly inspirationoftheHolyScriptures.Thus,the
DefendingTheNewWorldTranslationWebSite
home,in1843.AndyetBiblestudy insightthattheyhaveshownhasbeen
continuedon.Thirtyyearslaterfounda directlyassociatedwiththeirrelianceon
smallgroupofmen,notassociatedwiththe God'sWord."TheWatchtower,March15,
Adventistsoraffiliatedwithanyofthe 1989,p.22.
religioussectsofChristendom,studyingthe
HolyScripturesatPittsburgh(Allegheny), 1914ASignificantYear
Pennsylvania,U.S.A.Theystudied
independentlysoastoavoidlookingatthe
Biblethroughsectarianspectacles.Among
thesemenwasoneCharlesTazeRussell,just
enteredintohistwenties.
ThiswebsiteisNOTanofficialwebsiteofthe
PastorRussell'sviewofWilliamMiller
WatchtowerBibleandTractSocietynordoes
itrepresentJehovah'sWitnesses.All
materialfoundonthisblog/websitecannot
beascribedtotheWatchtowerSocietywhich
cannotbeheldresponsibleorliableforthe
content.TothosewhoarenotJehovah's
Witnesses,pleaserememberthatifyouare
lookingforinformationonbeliefs,practices TheGentileTimesistheperiodJesus
andnewsreleasesyoushouldlooktothe referredtoastheappointedtimesofthe
sourceathttp://www.watchtower.org/ nations.(Luke21:24)Notallthatwas
expectedtohappenin1914didhappen,but

EmphaticDiaglott(Greek) itdidmarktheendoftheGentileTimesand
While,asthereaderwillhaveobserved,we
wasayearofspecialsignificance.Many
disagreewithMr.Millersinterpretations
historiansandcommentatorsagreethat1914
anddeductions,onalmosteverypoint
wasaturningpointinhumanhistory.
viewingtheobject,aswellasthemannerand
thetime,ofourLordscoming,inavery
AppointedTimesoftheNations
differentlightyetwerecognizethat
movementasbeinginGodsorder,andas
doingaveryimportantworkinthe
separating,purifying,refining,andthus
makingready,ofawaitingpeopleprepared
fortheLord.

ItwasthroughTheEmphaticDiaglottthat WilliamMiller:HeraldoftheSecondAdvent
theSocietysfirstpresident,C.T.Russell,
learnedthattheinspiredGreekScriptures
speakofthesecondpresenceofChrist,for Beginningoftrampling.Thetramplingon
theDiaglotttranslatedtheGreekword thatkingdomofthedynastyofDavidicrulers
parousacorrectlyaspresence,andnotas didnotbeginwiththeRomandevastationof
comingliketheKingJamesVersionBible. thecityofJerusalemin70C.E.Itbegan
AccordinglywhenC.T.Russellbegan centuriesearlierwiththeBabylonian
publishingthenewBiblemagazineinJulyof overthrowofthatdynastyin607B.C.E.
1879,hecalleditZionsWatchTowerand whenNebuchadnezzardestroyedJerusalem
HeraldofChristsPresence. andtookcaptivethedethronedking
Zedekiahandthelandwasleftdesolate.

TheKingdomInterlinearTranslation(Greek) In1832Millerpublishedaseriesofeight
"SevenTimes"=2,520years
articlesintheVermontTelegraph,aBaptist
weekly.In1833heincorporatedthese
articlesintoa64pagepamphletentitled
EvidencesfromScriptureandHistoryofthe
SecondComingofChristAbouttheYear
A.D.1843,andofHisPersonalReignfor
1,000Years.Inthatyearhewasgivena
licensetopreachbytheBaptists,andbythe
closeof1834hewasdevotinghiswholetime
topreaching.During1836hebroughtouthis

lecturesinabook,whichwaslater
WhydoesDr.BeDuhnusetheKingdom reprintedseveraltimesandenlargedfrom16 InthecourseoftheirBiblestudies,these
Interlineartranslationinhiscollegecourses? to19lectures,withasupplementcontaining searchingstudentstookupaconsideration
Heanswers:Simplyput,itisthebest chronologyandcharts. ofthetimesoftheGentiles,asspokenofby
interlinearNewTestamentavailable.Iama JesusatLuke21:24(AV),andthey
trainedscholaroftheBible,familiarwiththe associatedthoseGentileTimeswiththe
WilliamMiller,EndoftheWorldin1843/44
textsandtoolsinuseinmodernbiblical seventimesmentionedfourtimesin
studies,and,bytheway,notamemberofthe Daniel,chapterfour,verses16,23,25,32
JehovahsWitnesses.ButIknowaquality WhatdidthoseBiblestudentsdetermineto
publicationwhenIseeone,andyourNew bethedateforthoseseventimesofGentile
WorldBibleTranslationCommitteehas dominationoftheearthtoendlegallybefore
doneitsjobwell.YourinterlinearEnglish God?
renderingisaccurateandconsistenttoan
extremethatforcesthereadertocometo Isitnottruethat587/6B.C.E.iseverybitasreliableas539
B.C.E.?
termswiththelinguistic,cultural,and
conceptualgapsbetweentheGreekspeaking

worldandourown.YourNewWorld
Millerbeganpreachinginsmalltownsat
Translationisahighquality,literal
first,andthen,withthehelpofJoshua
translationthatavoidstraditionalglossesin
Himes,movedtothelargercities,bringing
itsfaithfulnesstotheGreek.Itis,inmany
hissecondadventmessagetomany
ways,superiortothemostsuccessful
thousands.Hundredsofministersand
translationsinusetoday.
laymenjoinedinpreachingthemessage.By
Adatethatcanbeusedasapivotalpointis
theexpectedtimeforChrist'sreturn,Miller
BibleTranslationandStudy theyear539B.C.E.,whichissupportedby
hadbetween50,000to100,000followers, varioushistoricalsources(including
commonlyknownasMillerites.Hedidnot Diodorus,Africanus,Eusebius,Ptolemy,and
setaspecificdateforthesecondadvent.At Babyloniantablets)astheyearforthe
firsthesaidonlythatitwouldbe"about overthrowofBabylonbyCyrus(technically
1843."Hefinallysetanultimatetimeinthe knownasCyrusII,thegrandsonofCyrusI).
springof1844.Otherspickedthemore Thedateof539B.C.E.forthefallofBabylon
precisedateofOctober22,1844,which canbearrivedatnotonlybyPtolemy's
Millerandmanyoftheleadersofthefirst canonbutbyothersourcesaswell.The
movementacceptedshortlybeforethedate historianDiodorus,aswellastheChristian
arrived. historiansAfricanusandEusebius,shows
SincetheNewWorldTranslationoftheHoly thatCyrus'firstyearaskingofPersia
Scriptureswaspublishedbetween1950and WilliamMiller(17821849) correspondedtoOlympiadftn155,year1
1961byJehovah'sWitnesses,ithasbeenthe (560/559B.C.E.),whileCyrus'lastyearis
objectofmuchunwarrantedcriticism.The placedatOlympiad62,year2(531/530
aimofthissiteistodiscusssomeofthe B.C.E.).CuneiformtabletsgiveCyrusarule
criticismsoftheNewWorldTranslationand ofnineyearsoverBabylon,whichwould
toofferadefence. thereforesubstantiatetheyear539asthe
dateofhisconquestofBabylon.Handbook
WilliamH.Conley(18401897) ofBiblicalChronology,byJackFinegan,
1964,pages112,168170Babylonian
Chronology,626B.C.A.D.75,p.14.

InsightontheScriptures,"Chronology,"p.
1843wastobetheyearoftheworld'send.In
454.
thatyear,Christpersonallywouldreturnto
theearthtoestablishhiskingdom,glorify
CharlesTazeRussell:HisLifeandTimes:TheMan,the
thesaints,andtakevengeanceonthe MillenniumandtheMessage
wicked.Thiswastheconclusionarrivedatby
WilliamMillerin1822andthemessagethat
heproclaimedforthenext21years.
TheReckoningofthePropheticPeriods

Thefollowingyearthefirstofanextensive
seriesoftractsdesignedtointerestpeoplein
Bibletruthswaspreparedforpublication.
Thisworkquicklytookonimmense
proportions.Inordertohandleit,Zions
WatchTowerTractSocietywasformedon ThebiographyofanAmericanoriginal.
February16,1881,withW.H.Conleyas CharlesTazeRussellwasfounderofthe
presidentandC.T.Russellassecretaryand WatchtowerBibleandTrackSociety.Many
treasurer.Arrangementsweremadeforthe religiousgroups,includingtheJehovah's
printingtobedonebycommercialfirmsin Witnesses,theInternationalBibleStudents
variouscitiesofPennsylvania,NewYork, Association,theLaymen'sHomeMissionary
andOhio,aswellasinBritain.In1884,
Movement,DawnandotherBiblestudent
ZionsWatchTowerTractSocietywaslegally "Withanewanddeeperearnestness,Miller
groupshaveformedaroundhisteachings.
continuedtheexaminationofthe
incorporated,withC.T.Russellaspresident,
anditschartershowedthatitwasmorethan prophecies,wholenightsaswellasdays
PastorC.T.Russell:MessengerofMillennialHope
asocietythatwoulddirectpublishing.Its beingdevotedtothestudyofwhatnow
realobjectivewasreligiousitwaschartered appearedofsuchstupendousimportance
forthedisseminationofBibleTruthsin andallabsorbinginterest.Intheeighth
variouslanguages. chapterofDanielhecouldfindnocluetothe
startingpointofthe2300daystheangel
Gabriel,thoughcommandedtomakeDaniel
CharlesT.Russell(18521916)
understandthevision,gavehimonlya
partialexplanation.Astheterrible
persecutiontobefallthechurchwas
unfoldedtotheprophet'svision,physical
strengthgaveway.Hecouldendurenomore,

andtheangellefthimforatime.Daniel
NinetyyearsagothefounderoftheBible
'fainted,andwassickcertaindays.''AndI
Students,PastorCharlesTazeRussell,died.
wasastonishedatthevision,'hesays,'but
Theorganizationheestablishedbecame
noneunderstoodit.'
fragmentedandsubjecttostrong
personalitieswhofelttheyknewhowtobest
TheHomeofWilliamMiller
continuehislegacy.Thesedifferences
betweenthegroupswhotracetheirrootsto
TheContinent,apublicationwhoseeditor thePastorsministrycontinuetoourday.
oftenopposedPastorRussell,oncepublished
thefollowingsignificantstatement FaithontheMarchbyA.H.Macmillan
concerninghim:"Hiswritingsaresaidto
havegreaternewspapercirculationevery
weekthanthoseofanyotherlivingmana
greater,doubtless,thanthecombined
circulationofthewritingsofallthepriests
andpreachersinNorthAmericagreater
eventhantheworkofArthurBrisbane,
NormanHapgood,GeorgeHoraceLorimer,
Dr.FrankCrane,FrederickHaskins,anda
dozenotherofthebestknowneditorsand
syndicatewritersputtogether."
WilliamMiller'shomeandfarmisnestledin
JosephF.Rutherford(18691942) thescenicAdirondackMountainsnear

Hampton,NewYork.Throughtheeffortsof
"A.H.Macmillanistobeinfullchargeofthe
AHMitisbeingrestoredtoits19thcentury
officeandtheBethelHomeduringmy
appearancebecauseofitsculturaland
absence.Anythinghesaysforyoutodoyou
religioussignificance.Thesiteincludesthe
mustdoitdoesn'tmakeanydifference
home,farmbuildings,Chapelandascension
whetheryouagreeornot.Ifhetellsyou
rock,allofwhichareregisteredwiththe
incorrectly,I'llattendtohimwhenIget
NationalRegisterofHistoricSites.Also
home."Thenhehandedmecopiesofallthe
locatednearbyisthecemeterywhere
lettersandsaid,"Youhavetheskeleton
WilliamandLucyMillerareburied.
organization.Gotoworkanddothings."
PastorRussell
WilliamMillersDeath(1849)
TruthInTranslation
Ifthereisanypersoninthisaudiencewho
thinksthatI,thismanstandinghere,isthe
leaderofJehovahswitnesses,sayYes.The
responsewasanimpressivesilence,broken
onlybyanemphaticNofromseveralinthe
audience.Thespeakercontinued:Ifyou
whoareherebelievethatIamjustoneofthe
servantsoftheLord,andweareworking
shouldertoshoulderinunity,servingGod
andservingChrist,sayYes.Inunisonthe
assemblyroaredoutadecisiveYes!The
followingmonthanaudienceinEngland Mr.Millercontinuedtotravelandpreachat ACCORDINGtoonecount,asmanyas55
respondedinexactlythesameway. intervals,asbisfailinghealthwouldpermit, newEnglishtranslationsoftheChristian
withhisusualearnestnessandsuccessupto GreekScriptureswerepublishedbetween
NathanH.Knorr(19051977) thespringof1849,whenhewrotetothe 1952and1990.Translatorschoicesmean
brethrenassembledintheAnnual thatnotworeadalike.Inordertoassessthe
ConferenceinNewYork:"Mymultiplied reliabilityofthetranslatorswork,Jason
infirmitiesadmonishmethatthetimeofmy BeDuhn,associateprofessorofreligious
departureisdrawingnigh."Duringthe studiesatNorthernArizonaUniversity,in
followingsummerhewasvisitedbyvery Flagstaff,Arizona,U.S.A.,examinedand
manyoftheministryandlaymentoonjoy comparedforaccuracyeightmajor
theirlastinterviewinmortalitywiththat translations,includingtheNewWorld
faithfulmanofGod.Onthe20thof TranslationoftheHolyScriptures,published
Decemberhe"fellasleep"inthejoyfulhope byJehovahsWitnesses.Theresult?While
ofbeingsoonawakenedtoeternallifebythe criticalofsomeofitstranslationchoices,
comingoftheLordforwhomhehadso BeDuhncalledtheNewWorldTranslationa
confidentlywaitedandfaithfullylabored. remarkablygoodtranslation,betterby

Thereligious,political,andsecularpapers, farandconsistentlybetterthansomeof
everytimeoneofJehovahsWitnesses
throughoutthiscountryandinEurope,gave theothersconsidered.Overall,concluded
knocksonyourdoorandoffersyouafree
extendednoticeofthegoodman'sdeath,and BeDuhn,theNewWorldTranslationisone
homeBiblestudyyoupersonallyare
appendedmanycomments,accordingto ofthemostaccurateEnglishtranslationsof
benefitingfromthisextensionofMr.Knorrs
theirfancies,prejudices,orjudgment,ofthe theNewTestamentcurrentlyavailableand
BibletrainingprogramforJehovahs
characterofthemanandbiswork.We themostaccurateofthetranslations
Witnesses.ThenumberofWitnesseshas
appendafewasillustrationsofthepopular compared.TruthinTranslation:Accuracy
risenfrom115,240in1942to2,248,390in
mind: andBiasinEnglishTranslationsoftheNew
1976.However,theTimespointedoutthat,
Testament.
liketheapostlePaulandApollos,Mr.Knorr
WilliamMillerTheOrrinJenksCollectionAuroraUniversity
hasonlyplantedandwatered,butGodhas
TheNonChristianCross
madeitgrow,andMr.Knorrhasnever
claimedcreditforhimselfforthis
phenomenalincreaseinthenumbersof
JehovahsWitnesses.1Cor.3:58.
FrederickW.Franz(18931992)

ThebookTheNonChristianCross,byJ.D.
In1945hebecamevicepresidentofthe Tocommemoratethefaithandconfident Parsons(London,1896),says:Thereisnot
WatchTowerSocietyandotherassociated expectationofthosewhoawaitedthe asinglesentenceinanyofthenumerous
bodies.Uponthedeathofthenpresident personalreturnofJesusChristtoearthin writingsformingtheNewTestament,which,
NathanH.Knorrin1977,hebecamethe 18431844(aviewbasedonapatternof intheoriginalGreek,bearsevenindirect
presidentoftheWatchTowerSociety.He biblicalinterpretationintroducedbyWilliam evidencetotheeffectthatthestaurosusedin
servedinthatcapacityuntilhisdeath.Inhis Miller17821849),andtopreservetheearly thecaseofJesuswasotherthananordinary
lifetime,BrotherFranzsawthenumberof historyofthevariousAdventistbodieswhich staurosmuchlesstotheeffectthatit
WitnessesofJehovahincreasefromafew grewoutoftheMilleriteMovement,Orrin consisted,notofonepieceoftimber,butof
thousandtosomefourandahalfmillion. Jenksbegancollectinghistoricmaterials, twopiecesnailedtogetherintheformofa
andthusbeganaresearchlibrary. cross.
MiltonG.Henschel(19202003)
JoshuaV.Himes
TheWorksofJosephus

Skilledinmethodsofpromotion,Himestook
Mr.Henschelwasamemberofthestaffof Milleroutoftheruralareasandsmalltowns Thisrenownedreferencebookhasserved
theworldheadquarterssince1939andwas andplacedhiminthegreatcitiesthe scholars,pastors,students,andthose
thepresidentsince1992oftheWatchTower communicationcentersofthenation. interestedinthebackgroundoftheNew
BibleandTractSocietyInc.ofPennsylvania OperatingchieflyoutofBostonandNew Testamentforyears.Theinsightgiveninto
andtheWatchtowerBibleandTractSociety York,Himesestablishedstrategicoutpostsin theEssenecommunity,thedestructionof
Inc.ofNewYorkState,twoofthe suchplacesasPhiladelphia,Cincinnati,and Jerusalemandtheinterpretationsand
corporationsthattheJehovah'sWitnesses Rochester.Newspaperswereestablishedin traditionsoftheOldTestamentinfirst
usetoconducttheirbusinessaffairs,which eachoftheabovecities,mostnotably"The centuryJudaismisinvaluable.Theoutlook
includepublishingBibles. SignsoftheTimes"(later"TheAdvent ofJosephus,alatefirstcenturyPhariseeand
Herald")inBostonand"TheMidnightCry" historian,onJesusandtheNewTestament
DonA.Adams(1925) (later"TheMorningWatch")inNewYork. documentsisenlighteningandprovocative.
Books,pamphlets,tractsandother Asanoriginalreference,TheWorksof
publicationsflowedfromthepressesinthe Josephusisessentialtoafullunderstanding
thousands.Preachingandlecturetoursfor ofthefirstcentury,thetimeofChristandthe
Millerandotherswereorganized. NewTestament.
SylvesterBliss TheTwoBabylons

DonAldenAdamsisthecurrentpresidentof
theWatchTowerBibleandTractSocietyof
Pennsylvania,theoldestandmostimportant
ofthecorporationsofJehovah'sWitnesses.

SylvesterBliss(18141863)wasaMillerite ThethesisofthisbookisthatRoman
ministerandeditor.Heservedfirstas Catholicismistousethewordsofthe
assistanteditor,theneditor,oftheMillerite author"baptisedpaganism".Theauthor
journal,TheSignsoftheTimes.Originallya statesthattheRomanCatholicChurch,with
CongregationalistfromHartford, itsdoctrines,organization,andpractices,is
Connecticut,heobtainedaliberaleducation simplyacontinuationoftheancient
andwasamemberoftheHistoricalSociety Babylonian"Mystery"religionbuiltaround
ofBoston.Hewasalsoaneditorofthe theworshipofNimrod,hiswifeSemiramis,
AdventShieldandlatereditedtheMemoirs andthechildTammuz.Hefurtherstatesthat
ofWilliamMiller(1853).Heremaineduntil theprophetic"WhoreofBabylon"described
hisdeaththeeditoroftheAdventHerald inRevelation17and18isnoneotherthan
(thecontinuedandrenamedpublicationof thegreatfalsechurchoftheTribulation:the
SignsoftheTimes),whichremainedthe RomanCatholicChurch.Thethesisis
organofthegroupofMilleriteswhodidnot startlingandprovocative.
accepttheconditionalimmortalityofthe
soul.HisbooksincludeCommentaryonthe
Revelation,TheTimeoftheEnd,and
AnalysisofSacredChronology.
CharlesFitch

In1842,feelingtheneedofanaccurate
chart,FitchandApollosHalepreparedthe
famouschartillustratingthefulfillmentof
thelasttimepropheciesofDaniel.Thiswas
usedextensivelybytheMillerites.Fitch
himselfusedthischartandalsoothervisual
aidsincludingareplicaoftheDaniel2statue
thatcouldbeseparatedintoitsvariousparts.
CharlesFitchbecameseriouslyill,probably
withpneumonia,inthemonthofOctober,
1844.Hehadchilledwhilebaptizing
converts.HediedonMonday,October14th,
infullfaiththatheshouldawakeinafew
daysinthelikenessofhisRedeemer.
IsaacC.Wellcome

AstheAdventistmovementgradually
developedmoreformalorganization,
Wellcomeactivelyparticipatedinwhat
eventuallybecametheAdventChristian
Church.HeservedasaministerintheState
ConferenceofMaineforsometwentyyears
afteritwasorganizedin1854andwas
electedVicepresidentfortheStateofMaine
whentheAmericanAdventMissionSociety
formedin1865.Healsoservedforfouryears
ontheBoardoftheAdventChristian
PublicationSocietyandoneyearonthe
editorialcommitteeofTheWorldsCrisis,
theemergingdenominationspaper.
ThisisapersonalwebsitethatisnotsupportednorendorsedbytheWTB&TS.Simpletheme.PoweredbyBlogger.

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2017514 PASTORCHARLESTAZERUSSELL&THEWATCHTOWERSOCIETY.

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