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3 Tourist circulation
3.1 Forms of tourism:structure,characteristics,interactions
Key words: tourism, WTO, recreation, cultural, nature, pleasure, sports, religious, medical,
adventure.
Learning objectives: O1 To define what is tourism and to state the main types of it
O1 To define what is tourism and to state the main types of it
Tourism is travel for pleasure; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting,
accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.Tourism may be
international, or within the traveler's country.
The World Tourism Organization defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the
common perception of tourism as being limited to holiday activity only ", as people "traveling to
and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for
leisure, business and other purposes".Tourism can be domestic or international, and international
tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country's balance of payments. Today,
tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the
source and host countries, in some cases being of vital importance.1
Perhaps the most common type of tourism is what most people associate with
traveling: Recreation tourism. This is when people go to a place that is very different from their
regular day-to-day life to relax and have fun. Beaches, theme parks and camp grounds are often
the most common places frequented by recreational tourists. If the objective of ones visit to a
particular place is to get to know its history and culture then this type of tourism is known
as cultural tourism. Tourists may visit different landmarks of a particular country or they may
simply opt to focus on just one area. They may also attend festivals and ceremonies in order to
gain a better understanding of the people, their beliefs and their practices.For tourists who want
to see wildlife or bask in the joy of just being in the midst of nature, nature tourism is the
answer. Ecotourism and nature treks are all part of this kind of tourism. Bird watching, for
example, is one activity that nature tourists are fond of doing. What marks this kind of tourism is
that it is environmentally responsible, has low impact and advantageous to the local
community.Many people today are stressed out in the corporate rat race and in need of
rejuvenation. Thus, they go on trips that refresh their souls and spirits. This is called pleasure
tourism and usually includes yoga workshops and detox vacations, among others. Others,
however, de-stress by engaging in a particular sport. Called sports tourism, travelers here target
places which are known for a particular sporting facility. Skiing, for example, is a type of sports
tourism. Also included in this category are those who go to a destination to experience a sports
spectacle such as the Olympics, FIFA World Cup and others.Religious tourism is another type
of tourism where people go to a religious location or locations to follow the footsteps of their
founder or to attend a religious ceremony. Catholics, for example, go on pilgrimages in the Holy
Land to experience the paths where Jesus walked. Medical or health tourism is a relatively new
type of tourist activity where the main focus of the travel is improving ones health, physical
appearance or fitness. For instance, certain countries promote the expertise of their doctors and
surgeons in the field of cosmetic surgery and invite foreigners to have their liposuction, facelift,
nose lift and other forms of cosmetic procedures to be done there. Medical tourism also
incorporates aspects of recreation tourism where the patient goes to a relaxing getaway to
recover from the procedure.Adventure tourism is another type of tourism that is catered for
those who want to do more than just visit regular tourist sites. These kinds of trips involve
challenging activities like rock climbing, mountain climbing and wild water rafting.It should be
noted that there are no strict delineations when tourists go on their trips. These kinds of tourism
1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism
often overlap so its not unusual for travelers to experience more than one type of tourism in one
vacation.2
Conclusion: In conclusion I can say that tourism is a travel for pleasure and there are many
types of tourism like adventure tourism this type of tourism involve activities like mountain
climbing; medical or health tourism this type of tourism is based on health improving; religious
tourism represent visits to religious locations etc.
2 http://www.careerigniter.com/questions/what-are-the-different-types-of-tourism/
compromised. The environment, being the major source of tourist product, should therefore
be protected in order to have further growth of tourism and economic development in the
future. This is specially true with regard to tourism based on the natural environment as well
as on historical-cultural heritage. Sustainable tourism has three interconnected aspects:
environmental, socio-cultural, and economic. Sustainability implies permanence, so
sustainable tourism includes optimum use of resources, including biological diversity;
minimization of ecological, cultural and social impacts; and maximization of benefits for
conservation and local communities. It also refers to the management structures that are
needed to achieve this. The paper provides a theoretical framework for sustainable tourism.
It comprises two parts. The first part presents general views on tourism and sustainable
economic development, and some opinions on the relationship between tourism and the
environment. The second part concentrates on strategies and policy instruments.3
Conclusion: In conclusion I can say that because tourism is one of the largest industries for
some countries it is the main instrument for regional development and it stimulates some
new economic activities.
3 https://ideas.repec.org/p/wiw/wiwrsa/ersa03p84.html
4
https://ia802706.us.archive.org/30/items/TourismPrinciplesPracticesAndPhilosophies/
TourismConceptPrinciplesPractices.pdf