ARTCULO DE REVISIN

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La mitosis y su regulacin &s1,2
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Mitosis and its regulation

ABSTRACT
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SL]LS HUK H IYPLM Z\TTHY` VM [OL TVSLJ\SHY WSH`LYZ Correspondencia
[OH[YLN\SH[L[OPZWYVJLZZ Dra. Sara Frias
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Key words: +P]PZPVUJLS\SHY4P[VZPZ*PJSVJLS\SHY / E  W / ^

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sarafrias@biomedicas.unam.mx


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www.actapediatricademexico.org 55
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56
Volumen 35, Nm. 1, enero-febrero, 2014
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MHZL TL[HMHZL HUHMHZL [LSVMHZL ` UHSTLU[L
ZL YLHSPaH SH JP[VJPULZPZ X\L LZ SH KP]PZP}U KLS
JP[VWSHZTH2-PN\YH
Figura 1. La mitosis en el contexto de las distintas
fases del ciclo celular. ,U\UJPJSVJLS\SHYTP[}[PJV
JVUK\YHJP}UHWYV_PTHKHKLOVYHZSHMHZL4ZL
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Rodrguez-Gmez AJ y Frias-Vzquez S. La mitosis y su regulacin

ETAPAS DE LA MITOSIS ]LUJP}UKL\UJVTWSLQVWYV[LPJVKLJVUKLUZPUH

Profase
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[PLULSHTH`VYJVUKLUZHJP}UKLSJPJSVJLS\SHY

Figura 2. Las distintas fases de la mitosis. *\S[P]VKLIYVISHZ[VZLUSVZX\LZLVIZLY]HU!H7YVMHZLWYVTL[HMHZL!

JVUJYVTVZVTHZLUWYVJLZVKLJVUKLUZHJP}U`LU]VS[\YHU\JSLHYKLZPU[LNYmUKVZLI4L[HMHZL!JYVTVZVTHZ
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57
 Acta Peditrica de Mxico
Figura 3. Empaquetamiento del ADN mediado por los
complejos de condensina y cohesina. 3HJVUKLUZPUH
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58
Volumen 35, Nm. 1, enero-febrero, 2014
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Rodrguez-Gmez AJ y Frias-Vzquez S. La mitosis y su regulacin
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UVMYHNTLU[HYZLOHZ[H]LZxJ\SHZ`ZPTWSLTLU-
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59
 Acta Peditrica de Mxico
ZLZLNYLNHUKLTHULYHNLULYHSTLU[LZPTt[YPJH
HSHZJtS\SHZOPQHZ
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,Z[H ZLN\UKH MHZL ZL JHYHJ[LYPaH WVY \U TV]P-
TPLU[V HJ[P]V X\L KPYPNL H SVZ JYVTVZVTHZ HS
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J\HUKV OHJLU JVU[HJ[V JVU \U JPUL[VJVYV ZL
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60
Volumen 35, Nm. 1, enero-febrero, 2014
Figura 7. Polimerizacin-despolimerizacin de
microtbulos para formar la placa metafsica. Los
JPUL[VJVYVZKLJHKH\UHKLSHZKVZJYVTm[PKHZKLSVZ
JYVTVZVTHZZLHZVJPHUHTPJYV[I\SVZX\LWYV]PLULU
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WYVMHZL JVU[PUH WVY SV X\L SVZ JYVTVZVTHZ
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61
 Acta Peditrica de Mxico Volumen 35, Nm. 1, enero-febrero, 2014

IHYNVSHJP[VJPULZPZLTWPLaHKLZKLSHHUHMHZL
J\HUKV ZL MVYTH PUTLKPH[HTLU[L WVY KLIHQV
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Figura 8. Anafase A.+\YHU[LSHHUHMHZL(LSJVT-

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62
Rodrguez-Gmez AJ y Frias-Vzquez S. La mitosis y su regulacin
REGULACIN MOLECULAR DE LA MITOSIS
El ciclo celular se regula gracias a un patrn
de ciclinas y cinasas dependientes de ciclinas
(CDKs)
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Figura 10. 7H[Y}UKLHJ[P]PKHKKLSHZ*+2Z`SHZJPJSPUHZHSVSHYNVKLSJPJSVJLS\SHY
SHLU[YHKHKLSHZJtS\SHZHSJPJSVJLS\SHY`Z\Z
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El punto de control de G2 regula la entrada a
mitosis
+LZW\tZKLSHZxU[LZPZKLS(+5`WHYHYLK\JPY
SHHJ\T\SHJP}UKLLYYVYLZNLUt[PJVZSHZJtS\SHZ
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63
 Acta Peditrica de Mxico
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