Learn and understand how to measure the mass of liquids and the volume of solids. G@eethoa 1. Use the scale to measure the mass of the empty measuring jug. Write down this figure. 2. Pour 500 ml of water into the measuring jug and measure the total mass. Write down the new figure. 3. Subtract the mass of the measuring jug from the total mass. The result is the mass of the water. 4, Submerge the potato in the water. Make sure the water doesn't rise above the markings on the measuring jug. 5. Read the total measurement and write down the new figure. 6, Subtract the volume of the water in the measuring jug (500 ml) from the total volume of the liquid with the potato in it. The result is the volume of the potato. Genctusions @ what is the mass of the empty measuring jug? What is the mass of the water? @ what is the volume of the potato? @ why do you think it’s necessary to submerge a solid in a liquid to calculate the solid’s volume? @ why do we have to weigh the empty measuring jug before measuring the mass of the water? © a measuring jug * a scale * water + a medium-sized potatoGee of plastics In 1935, an American scientist created a new synthetic fibre called nylon asa cheaper substitute for silk in women’s stockings. Ropes, backpacks and clothing, such as raincoats, can also be made from nylon. Plastic is another synthetic material. Many plastics are made from chemicals found in petroleum. They are very useful because they are light, long lasting and cheap to make. Some of the \ most common household items are made of plastic. ] From the car you ride in to school, to the toys you play with when you get home, plastics are everywhere. Unfortunately, these man-made materials are not always environmentally friendly. Goring for environmentally friendly materials Nowadays, scientists do research to create environmentally-friendly materials. Bioplasties are a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics. Bioplastics are fully or partially biodegradable because they are made from corn, potatoes, sugat, or algae. They break down faster than traditional plastics. Scientists are also investigating materials to replace non-biodegradable polystyrene, which is used for food trays and packaging, Some possible substances are shells, silk and even mushroom roots! @ Make three lists of things made of nylon, plastic and polystyrene. @ what does ‘biodegradable’ mean? Say if the following materials or objects are biodegradable: orange peel, paper, batteries, a plastic rubbish bag, glass. @© How can you be sure a supermarket bag or a food tray is biodegradable? @ Find out which of the following objects can be recycled: light bulbs, aluminium foil, mirror glass, brown paper bags, ceramics, paper towels, napkins, junk mail, metal pots.Gay skills @'n your notebook, complete the graphic organiser with the words in the box below. There are some extra words. “states thermal = friction» mixtures» hardness» gravity volume —_* solubility can be classified into —— has properties such as — suffers @ Read the text below (A). Then read the text on page 142 (B) about how hot-air balloons work. In your notebook, decide whether the sentences below refer to text A, B or both. Whether a submarine is floating or submerged depends on its buoyancy. Submarine buoyancy is controlled by its ballast tanks, which are found between the inner and outer hulls. To submerge, vents on top of the ballast tanks are ‘opened so that seawater comes in. With its tanks filled with seawater, the submarine has a higher average density than the surrounding water and begins to sink. To make the submarine rise again, compressed air is simply blown into the tanks forcing the seawater out. The submarine’s average density becomes lower than the density of the water and itrrises to the surface. pure substances mass. density conductivity changes of ..... ‘a. Its buoyancy is controlled using gas burners. > Its movement has to do with buoyancy. Hot air makes it float. di lt floats by making its average density lower than water density. e, Forcing out the water makes itrise to the surface.Gn @ copy the following sentences into your @ Decide if the following processes involve notebook. Complete them by choosing the physical (P) or chemical (C) changes of correct words. a. The amount of space that matter takes up i SPAS called (mass/volume/density) < b. (Weight/Density) ..... is the amount of matter ina volume. ©. (Buoyancy/Density).... is the ability of objects to float. d. The ability to float depends on the average (density/mass/buoyancy) ... of an object. ©. Analloy is a mixture of two or more elements, one of them must be a (metal/ solid. : @ Talk about forces. Use the diagram to help you. @n your notebook, classify the following ‘examples according to the type of force. vores spilling non-contact {en be a compass needle pointing north wearing a life vest contact brushing your hair ice floating on water rubbing your hands when it’s cold . throwing a ball up in the air applying the brakes on a car @ in your notebook, classify the following mixtures as homogeneous or a. objects falling to the ground and liquids gravity s friction buoyancy @ complete the summary on page 143. saorpan heterogeneous. a. blood ©. soil i. mixed nuts b.noodle soup f. tap water _j. mayonnaise c. smoke g.ketchup —_k. granite d. paella h. concrete |. air