DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to be able to;

- Discuss the parts and function of the Respiratory System;

- Create a diagram to show the path of air in the Respiratory System;
- Give the importance of the Respiratory System in the Human Body.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. TOPIC : INTRODUCTION TO THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

B. MATERIALS: pictures, charts, textbook, OHP, laptop, slate board, folder, diagram.
C. REFERENCE: DIWA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL SERIES: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
MODULE By Glen R. Mangali and Mylened G. Olivia. Pages 142-144

III. PROCEDURE

TEACHERS ACTIVITY STUDENTS ACIVITY

a. MOTIVATION

Good morning class! Good morning maam!

Before we start our lesson for today, we Students will remain standing and one of
will be having first a short activity. the students will lead the prayer.

This is a game called Four Pics, One

Students will answer the following:
Word.
I will group you into two. I am going to
INHALE
show you group of pictures and identify
LUNGS
the theme. Below the pictures are blank
OXYGEN
spaces indicating how many letters are in
the answer. You will be given a slate board
to write your answer. The first group to
raise the correct answer will gain 5 points.
The group with the most number of points
wins the game.

Very good class, you were able to identify Those pictures show about respiration
the pictures. maam

Now, what comes to your mind when you

encounter those words or those pictures
Those words pertain to Respiratory
shown to you?
organs maam.
Very good. What else?
Yes, you are correct!

Its about the Respiratory System

b. PRESENTATION maam.

Based on our activity, what do you think

would be our lesson for today?

Exactly! Our lesson for today is about the

Introduction to the Respiratory System.

c. DISCUSSION
Let us first define Respiration- it is the term
for the exchange of oxygen from the
environment and carbon dioxide from bodys Inhalation is the process of taking air
cells. into the lungs maam.

There are two processes occur during Exhalation is the process of breathing
respiration; inhalation and exhalation. So who out of air from the lungs maam.
can define inhalation?

Correct! How about exhalation? The lungs maam.

Very Good!
Lets proceed first to the main or primary
organ of the Respiratory System; do you
know what it is class?
It is located in the chest maam and the
left lung has only two lobes while the right
lung has three.

Yes, you are correct. So, what do you know The lobes are made of sponge-like tissue
about our lungs? Who can answer? that is surrounded by a membrane called
pleura.

You are correct! What else?

Very good, thank you for sharing your

knowledge to the class! It is also where
oxygen is taken into the body and carbon
dioxide is breathed out.
During exercise maam, because the
body requires more oxygen during
Most normal breathing takes place through
exercise.
the nasal cavity, but the oral cavity can be
used to supplement or replace the nasal We use our mouth usually when we are
cavitys functions when needed. having colds, because of nasal
congestion.
So, do you have any idea on the instances
where do we need to use our mouth when
breathing?
It is the passageway of air
That is a very good observation. What else?

Absolutely.
It is basically the passageway of food.
Do you know what the function of the
pharynx is?
Larynx maam.
Absolutely, because it collects incoming air
from the nose and passes it downward to our
trachea.

Part of the pharynx is the esophagus, so,

why it is also called as the food pipe? Do you
have any idea? Those are bronchioles maam.

Very good!

What part of the respiratory system is

responsible in producing sound or known as
the voice box? It is the destination of air that we breathe
in.
Correct! It is because when the moving air is
breathed in and out, it creates vocal sounds.
Larynx is also a tube connecting the pharynx
and the trachea.

As you can see on the chart there are tiny

branches within the lungs that are
continuation of the bronchi, what do you call
these branches?
Precisely!
The diaphragm flattens when we inhale
and goes back to its original shape or
position when we exhale.

At the terminal end of the bronchioles there

are tiny grape like structures called alveoli.
What do you know about the alveoli?

Exactly! Alveoli are tiny sacs within our NASAL CAVITY

lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide
to move between the lungs and PHARYNX
bloodstream.
LARYNX
Let us now proceed to the main muscle used
when breathing, the Diaphragm. So class, TRACHEA
what do you observe in our diaphragm when
breathing? BRONCHI

Precisely! As a person breathes in and out, BRONCHIOLES

the diaphragm contracts and expands,
forcing air to rush into or exit the lungs. ALVEOLI

LUNG/BLOOD CAPILLARIES
We are already done with the anatomy and
physiology of the respiratory system; we are
now going to trace the flow of air into the
respiratory system. This is just like a review
of what we have discussed earlier.
(TEACHER WILL ONLY GUIDE THE STUDENTS It brings oxygen into our bodies, which we
IN CREATING THE DIAGRAM) need for our cells to live and function
properly.

The Respiratory System also facilitates

the sense of smell and it produces
speech.

Very good class! You already know the flow

of oxygen in the Respiratory System.
Carbon dioxide maam.
So class, what is the importance of our
Respiratory System to the Human Body?
 Inhalation and Exhalation maam.
Correct! Any more idea?

Exactly!
In general, the Respiratory System is vital to
the whole functioning of the body.

We are done with our lesson, but before

giving to you your final activity and short
quiz, lets have a review on what we
discussed.

What is the byproduct of the respiration

process?
Very good!

How about the two processes that involves

in respiration?

That is correct.

I prepared a simple activity. Here are the

folders showing incomplete diagram of the
respiration process, arrange and complete
the diagram to show the path of air in the
Respiratory System.

(THE FIRST GROUP TO CORRECTLY FINISH

THE DIAGRAM WILL GAIN 30 PTS. WHILE THE
LAST GROUP WILL ONLY HAVE 25 POINTS).

We are now going to have a short quiz. Write

your answer on the given papers.

1. Which of these doesnt occur when air

flows into the lungs?
a. the air is humidified
b. the air is filtered
c. the air is cooled
d. the air disappeared

2. The process of taking air into the lungs.

a. breathing b. exhalation
c. inhalation d. respiration

3. Prevents food from entering into the lungs.

a. cilia b. esophagus
c. epiglottis d. alveoli

4. Also known as the WINDPIPE.

a. trachea b. esophagus
c. bronchi d. lungs

5. Dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the

lungs.
a. bronchioles b. bronchi
c. pharynx d. diaphragm

6. The flap or opening to the trachea is the

a. Larynx b. Pharynx
c. Epiglottis d. Vocal cords

7. The structure that separates the right and

left nasal cavities is the ___________ .
a. epiglottis b. esophagus
c. septum c. thyroid cartilage

8. Which of the following activities is the best

analogy of respiration?
a. Exchanging gifts b. Giving a gift
c. Receiving a gift d. Sitting in a chair

9. Air is forced into the lungs by the

contraction of the
a. Alveoli b. Bronchioles
c. Diaphragm d. Heart

10. The smallest branches of the bronchial

tree are the ______.
a. Primary bronchi b. Secondary bronchi
c. Tertiary bronchi d. Bronchioles

AGREEMENT:
RESEARCH ATLEAST 5 FACTORS CAUSING
MOST COMMON RESPIRATORY DISEASES.
DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN LIFE
SCIENCE

Introduction to the Respiratory

System

Prepared by: Maylyn F. Guiyab

Senior High School Teacher Applicant