MANGLAPUS, GIANA L.

7703
BSN 2-C

Basketball History: Origin of the Sport

In contrast to other sports, basketball has a clear origin. It is not the evolution from an ancient
game or another sport and the inventor is well known: Dr. James Naismith.
Naismith was born in 1861 in Ramsay township, Ontario, Canada. He graduated as a physician
at McGill University in Montreal and was primarily interested in sports physiology.
In 1891, while working as a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training
School (today, Springfield College) in the United States, Naismith was faced with the problem of
finding in 14 days an indoor game to provide "athletic distraction" for the students at the School
for Christian Workers (Naismith was also a Presbyterian minister).
After discarding the idea of adapting outdoor games like soccer and lacrosse, Naismith recalled
the concept of a game of his school days known as duck-on-a-rock that involved accuracy
attempting to knock a "duck" off the top of a large rock by tossing another rock at it.
Starting from there, Naismith developed a set of 13 rules that gave origin to the game of
basketball.
Of course it was not exactly as we know it today. The first game was played with a soccer ball
and two peach baskets nailed 10-feet high used as goals, on a court just half the size of a
present-day court. The baskets retained their bottoms so balls scored into the basket had to be
poked out with a long dowel each time and dribbling (bouncing of the ball up and down while
moving) was not part of the original game.
The sport was an instant success and thanks to the initial impulse received by the YMCA
movement, basketball's popularity quickly grew nationwide and was introduced in many nations.
Although Naismith never saw the game develop into the spectacular game we know these days,
he had the honor to witness basketball become an Olympic sport at the 1936 Games held in
Berlin.
These are James Naismith original thirteen rules of basketball:
The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist.
A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man running at good speed.
The ball must be held in or between the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding
it.
No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first
infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until
the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the
game. No substitution shall be allowed.
A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and 4 and such as described in
Rule 5.
If either side make three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents
(consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul).
Goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the ground into the basket and stays
there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the
edge and the opponents move the basket, it shall count as a goal.
When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field and played by the first person
touching it. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is
allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in
delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.
The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify men according to Rule
5.
The referee shall be the judge of the ball and decide when it is in play in bounds, to which side it
belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep
account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
The time shall be two 15-minute halves with five minutes' rest between.
The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winners.

Classification of Basketball skills:

Basic skills related with basketball are: (a) Dribbling, (b) Passing, (c) Shooting, (d) Catching, (d)
Rebound, and (e) Offense-Defense
1. Dribbling
The dribble is an act by which a player repetitively bounces the ball off the floor. Dribbling can
be in place as well as while moving.
Teaching points - Dribbling starts with proper hand and arm motion, as well as body position
Ask students to push the ball downwards with fingers spread, using specifically fingertips, not
palms Dribble with your head up and continuously look around to pass effectively to a
teammate The feet should be well spaced, one foot slightly in advance of the other, knees
slightly bent and the trunk also bent forward at the waist
2. Passing
A play that involves one player throwing the ball to another.
Teaching points - Passing starts with hand and wrist movement as well as proper arm position
Pass the ball with two hands unless condition require the use of only one hand See the player
to whom the pass is to be made just an instant prior to making a pass Explain them to use a flip
of the wrist with slight arm movement Keep most of the passes waist high or chest high
Practice faking, catching as well as pivoting for effective pass Practice the overhead, side, and
bounce pass to avoid the defense
3. Shooting
The act of throwing the ball towards the basket in an attempt to score.
Teaching points - Use two hands most of the times with equal force Shoot high enough with
the ball traveling in high arc and drop into the basket Do not target at the rim of basket Learn to
shoot from all angles on the floor Use the backboard while shooting from either side Do not
hurry for shooting but learn to shoot under pressure
Shoot only when you are completely ready or pass the ball Master the short shots first, just
flipping the wrist and using the legs for lift, then bring in the guide hand Follow up all shots
4. Catching
It is the act of stopping the ball and takes possession of it by a teammate. Possession of the ball
is key factor in basketball game. The ball should be obtained as quickly as possible and
possession is retained until a basket is scored.
Teaching points -
Follow the basketball from the movement it leaves the hands of the passer Assume a ready
position (i.e., bring hands forward to catch) Always ask players to move a little towards the ball
and try to catch it in the center of the body with two hands
Keep the fingers and thumbs well spread, palms cupped, hands parallel and palms towards
each other Do not catch the ball against the body. Handle it at arms length and in a favorable
position for a quick pass or shot The receiver can also move towards the ball with both hands
stretched to meet the ball Expect to catch the ball about chest height but make the catch
whether the ball comes high, low or to either side
5. Rebound
The act of gaining possession of the basketball after a missed shot. (Wikipedia, 2008)
Teaching points -
Locate the opponent and get the position between player and the basket (i.e., inside position)
Get and maintain possession of ball by moving it out or down the court In offensive rebounding
Learn to raise the hand to chest level, and at the peak of jump, tap the ball into the basket or
off the backboard into the basket Learn effective tipping (i.e., the tap which is made off the
fingers with alight snap of wrist) Learn shooting after rebounding Encourage shots without
dribbling In defensive rebounding Get the inside position (i.e., ball-defender-basket) Learn
effective block out an opponent Learn jumping for the ball; obtain complete control on landing
then effective pass to teammate Learn outlet, long air/baseball pass when the teammate is
open at the other end of court Learn to use two handed over head pass or chest pass to a
teammate who is around the mid court area Utilize dribbling after rebound to eliminate
passing errors Utilize opportunity for transition into offense
6. Offense-Defense
Offense refers to the team which has possession of ball. It also refers to the method a team
uses to score the basket, as well as, a teams scoring ability. On other hand defense refers to
the team without the ball whose main focus is to prevent the opponents from scoring a basket.
Teaching points
Offense While dribbling keep the head up, constantly looking for an opening Always look
long first and look inside during half court play Never stop dribbling until you pass the ball to
a teammate Never dribble into a trap; when you recognize a trap pass, do not dribble
Dont dribble in place, only dribble when you are going somewhere fast Other players without
the ball, must always be in position to get a pass Players without the ball must always be
back, or make sure another player is in back to defend against the fast break On the shot go
towards the basket for the rebound
Defense Learn to acquire position between the offensive player and basket Learn to
cover the opponent player particularly in the areas of court assigned
Maintain body balance with weight evenly distributed on both feet Prevent offensive
players from penetrate Move arms in feinting and striking action towards the ball Be ready
to block a shot, spoil a pass, stop a dribble, or meet a pivot Focus eyes on misdirection
Move the feet constantly
The Value of Sports
1. Discipline
2. Hard Work
3. Sacrifice
Kids learn that it takes a certain sacrifice on their part to participate on a team and contribute to
the squads performance. They may have to give up things (i.e. time playing video games;
hanging out with friends; watching TV) in order to participate in the types of activities that will
directly affect their sports skills and enjoyment of the sport.
4. Teamwork
5. Dealing with Success and Failure
Kids can learn how to be proud of their successes without demeaning their opponents. They
learn that accomplishments can be cherished so that the focus is on the pride that goes along
with team success without letting an attitude of superiority drive their feelings toward their
opponents.
Youngsters can also learn how to deal with failurenot winning the competition or
accomplishing particular athletic goals. They can be taught that any failure is just a temporary
setback from which lessons can be learned in order to improve and have a better chance of
success the next time.
6. Setting and Striving for Goals
This is my favorite. Successful people are the ones who set short term and long term goals and
focus their efforts on accomplishing these goals. Organized athletics lends itself to setting both
individual and team goals and then striving for those goals. It does not matter the skill level of
the young athlete or the level of accomplishment of the team. Goals can be set that mirror the
improvement desired and then a plan of action can be mapped out to reach those goals.
Likewise in life, youngsters will more likely succeed if they are setting goals in school and other
areas of lives. They can transfer their athletic goal achieving lessons from athletics to other,
more important areas of their lives.
7. Value of Practice and Preparation.
Come Ready or Never Startthat pretty much says it all when it comes to defining the
importance of practice and preparation in succeeding in sportsor in life. Youngsters can learn
the value of preparation and practice in order to allow them to reach their goals as an individual
or team. They can experience the success that comes with the proper preparationor the
failure that comes when not enough focus is placed on putting the time in to practice and get
better. Its much the same scenario in their school careers.
8. Overcoming Adversity
This is another one of my favorites. Life isnt fair and much of it involves overcoming setbacks
and other adversity. Youngsters can learn how to overcome adversity and temporary failures
through the many situations they face in athletics, both in their preparation and during the
competitions. They can learn the mentality they need to both overcome and learn from
adversity they face as they strive for their goals. The goal can be just winning the particular
gameor attaining a particular athletic goal. Learning to overcome adversity is a mental skill
that will serve them well for the rest of their lives.